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Zhou TQ, Wei ZZ, Zhang JR, Dong JH, Liu CY, Jiang CZ, Xia ZM, Liu SF, Li M, Zhang GJ, Chen L, Tian Y, Li B, Liu SC. Phytochemical Constituents from the Seeds of Capsella bursa-pastoris and Their Antioxidant Activities. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 78:776-782. [PMID: 37668768 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-023-01097-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of 70% EtOH extract of the seeds of Capsella bursa-pastoris led to the isolation of a new cyclobutane organic acid (1), and fourteen known compounds, including two organosulfur compounds (2, 3), two quinonoids (4, 5), five flavonoids (6-10), three sterols (11-13) and two other types (14, 15). The structures of the compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses as well as comparison of their spectroscopic data with those reported in the literature. The antioxidant capacities of all compounds and extractive fractions were evaluated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging test and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Then the antioxidative substances were evaluated for their neuroprotective effects against H2O2-induced HT22 cell injury. The results indicated the strong scavenging ability to free radical of the extractive fractions and compounds 1-3, 8-10 and 13, and the ferric reducing antioxidant power of the extractive fractions and compounds 1-3, 8 and 10, which were close to or higher than that of the positive control trolox. The EtOAc fraction, n-BuOH fraction, and compounds 1, 3 and 8 can protect HT-22 cells from oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ti-Qiang Zhou
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Life Science, School of Medical Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Wei
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of TCM Etiopathogenisis, Research center for differention and development of TCM Basic Theory, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Jin-Rui Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Jia-Hui Dong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Chun-Ying Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Cong-Zhi Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zi-Ming Xia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Si-Fan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Guang-Jie Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ying Tian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Shu-Chen Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
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Zeng T, Li JW, Zhou L, Xu ZZ, Li JJ, Hu H, Luo J, Zheng RR, Wang YY, Wang CY. Transcriptional Responses and GCMS Analysis for the Biosynthesis of Pyrethrins and Volatile Terpenes in Tanacetum coccineum. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313005. [PMID: 34884809 PMCID: PMC8657971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural pyrethrins have been widely used as natural pesticides due to their low mammalian toxicity and environmental friendliness. Previous studies have mainly focused on Tanacetumcinerariifolium, which contains high levels of pyrethrins and volatile terpenes that play significant roles in plant defense and pollination. However, there is little information on T. coccineum due to its lower pyrethrin content and low commercial value. In this study, we measured the transcriptome and metabolites of the leaves (L), flower buds (S1), and fully blossomed flowers (S4) of T. coccineum. The results show that the expression of pyrethrins and precursor terpene backbone genes was low in the leaves, and then rapidly increased in the S1 stage before decreasing again in the S4 stage. The results also show that pyrethrins primarily accumulated at the S4 stage. However, the content of volatile terpenes was consistently low. This perhaps suggests that, despite T. coccineum and T. cinerariifolium having similar gene expression patterns and accumulation of pyrethrins, T. coccineum attracts pollinators via its large and colorful flowers rather than via inefficient and metabolically expensive volatile terpenes, as in T. cinerariifolium. This is the first instance of de novo transcriptome sequencing reported for T. coccineum. The present results could provide insights into pyrethrin biosynthetic pathways and will be helpful for further understanding how plants balance the cost–benefit relationship between plant defense and pollination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Zeng
- A Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (T.Z.); (J.-W.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.-Z.X.); (J.-J.L.); (H.H.); (J.L.); (R.-R.Z.); (Y.-Y.W.)
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jia-Wen Li
- A Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (T.Z.); (J.-W.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.-Z.X.); (J.-J.L.); (H.H.); (J.L.); (R.-R.Z.); (Y.-Y.W.)
| | - Li Zhou
- A Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (T.Z.); (J.-W.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.-Z.X.); (J.-J.L.); (H.H.); (J.L.); (R.-R.Z.); (Y.-Y.W.)
| | - Zhi-Zhuo Xu
- A Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (T.Z.); (J.-W.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.-Z.X.); (J.-J.L.); (H.H.); (J.L.); (R.-R.Z.); (Y.-Y.W.)
| | - Jin-Jin Li
- A Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (T.Z.); (J.-W.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.-Z.X.); (J.-J.L.); (H.H.); (J.L.); (R.-R.Z.); (Y.-Y.W.)
| | - Hao Hu
- A Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (T.Z.); (J.-W.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.-Z.X.); (J.-J.L.); (H.H.); (J.L.); (R.-R.Z.); (Y.-Y.W.)
| | - Jing Luo
- A Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (T.Z.); (J.-W.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.-Z.X.); (J.-J.L.); (H.H.); (J.L.); (R.-R.Z.); (Y.-Y.W.)
| | - Ri-Ru Zheng
- A Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (T.Z.); (J.-W.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.-Z.X.); (J.-J.L.); (H.H.); (J.L.); (R.-R.Z.); (Y.-Y.W.)
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wang
- A Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (T.Z.); (J.-W.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.-Z.X.); (J.-J.L.); (H.H.); (J.L.); (R.-R.Z.); (Y.-Y.W.)
| | - Cai-Yun Wang
- A Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (T.Z.); (J.-W.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.-Z.X.); (J.-J.L.); (H.H.); (J.L.); (R.-R.Z.); (Y.-Y.W.)
- Correspondence:
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Liang J, Shao Y, Wu H, An Y, Wang J, Zhang J, Kong W. Chemical Constituents of the Essential Oil Extracted from Elsholtzia densa and Their Insecticidal Activity against Tribolium castaneum and Lasioderma serricorne. Foods 2021; 10:foods10102304. [PMID: 34681355 PMCID: PMC8535122 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Storage pests pose a great threat to global food security. Here, we found that the essential oil (EO) extracted from E. densa possesses obvious effects against the insects that threaten stored-products. In this work, we investigated the chemical constituents of the essential oil extracted from Elsholtzia densa, and their insecticidal (contact and fumigant) toxicity against Tribolium castaneum and Lasioderma serricorne. A total of 45 compounds were identified by GC-MS, accounting for 98.74% of the total EO. Meanwhile, 11 compounds were isolated from the EO, including limonene, β-caryophyllene, ρ-cymene, trans-phytol, α-terpineol, linalool, acetophenone, 1,8-cineole, ρ-cymen-7-ol, 1-O-cerotoylgly-cerol, and palmitic acid. Furthermore, acetophenone, ρ-cymen-7-ol, and 1-O-cerotoylgly-cerol were isolated for the first time from Elsholtzia spp. The results of the bioassays indicated that the EO had the property of insecticidal toxicity against T. castaneum and L. serricorne. All of the compounds showed different levels of insecticidal toxicity against the two species of insects. Among them, 2-ethyl-1H-imidazole had no insecticidal toxicity against T. castaneum, but possessed fumigant and obvious contact toxicity against L. serricorne. ρ-Cymen-7-ol had beneficial insecticidal toxicity against the two species of insects, and fumigant toxicity against L. serricorne. ρ-Cymen-7-ol (LD50 = 13.30 μg/adult), 1-octen-3-ol (LD50 = 13.52 μg/adult), and 3-octanol (LD50 = 17.45 μg/adult) showed significant contact toxicity against T. castaneum. Acetophenone (LD50 = 7.07 μg/adult) and ρ-cymen-7-ol (LD50 = 8.42 μg/adult) showed strong contact toxicity against L. serricorne. ρ-Cymene (LC50 = 10.91 mg/L air) and ρ-cymen-7-ol (LC50 = 10.47 mg/L air) showed powerful fumigant toxicity to T. castaneum. Limonene (LC50 = 5.56 mg/L air), acetophenone (LC50 = 5.47 mg/L air), and 3-octanol (LC50 = 5.05 mg/L air) showed obvious fumigant toxicity against L. serricorne. In addition, the EO and its chemical compounds possessed different levels of repellent activity. This work provides some evidence of the value of exploring these materials for insecticidal activity, for human health purposes. We suggest that the EO extracted from E. densa may have the potential to be developed as an insecticidal agent against stored product insect pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Liang
- College of the Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Y.S.); (H.W.); (Y.A.); (J.W.); (J.Z.); (W.K.)
- New Rural Development Research Institute of Northwest University, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Yazhou Shao
- College of the Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Y.S.); (H.W.); (Y.A.); (J.W.); (J.Z.); (W.K.)
| | - Haoshu Wu
- College of the Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Y.S.); (H.W.); (Y.A.); (J.W.); (J.Z.); (W.K.)
| | - Yue An
- College of the Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Y.S.); (H.W.); (Y.A.); (J.W.); (J.Z.); (W.K.)
| | - Junlong Wang
- College of the Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Y.S.); (H.W.); (Y.A.); (J.W.); (J.Z.); (W.K.)
- New Rural Development Research Institute of Northwest University, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- College of the Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Y.S.); (H.W.); (Y.A.); (J.W.); (J.Z.); (W.K.)
- New Rural Development Research Institute of Northwest University, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Weibao Kong
- College of the Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Y.S.); (H.W.); (Y.A.); (J.W.); (J.Z.); (W.K.)
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Oh SY. A useful quality control using herbal volatiles of Artemisia princeps Pamp. cv. ssajuari (ssajuari-ssuk; Korean mugwort) according to air-drying time by fast gas chromatography with uncoated surface acoustic wave sensor (Electronic zNose). PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2021; 32:710-723. [PMID: 33354846 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Korean mugwort has been used as a traditional medicine. Specifically, air-dried Artemisia princeps Pamp. cv. ssajuari (ssajuari-ssuk; Korean mugwort) has been used as moxa in moxibustion therapy. Thus, the evaluation of high quality ssajuari-ssuk containing herbal volatiles is of great interest in clinical therapy and the food industry. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to determine whether fast gas chromatography with uncoated surface acoustic wave (fast GC/SAW) sensor can be a useful technique for performing quality control using herbal volatiles of ssajuari-ssuk air-dried for different times. METHODOLOGY Fast GC/SAW sensor, called "Electronic zNose", is also a headspace sampling method and is an effective simple analytical method with a second unit analysis providing on-line measurements without the need for pretreatment of the sample. Headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) was employed to confirm the identification of the volatiles and compared to fast GC/SAW sensor. RESULTS Artemisia princeps Pamp. cv. ssajuari air-dried for 2 years and 4 months (the third year), containing the highest total amount of herbal volatiles, was superior to the others (the first year, the second year, the fourth year) in quality. Moreover, fast GC/SAW sensor shows a high repeatability (relative standard deviation 0.77% ∼ 6.23%), excellent sensitivity (limit of detection value of 0.47 pg/mL), and good linearity (correlation coefficient r2 = 0.997) over the range of nanogram for α-thujone. CONCLUSION Therefore, the fast GC/SAW sensor can be a useful analytical method for the discrimination and quality control of volatiles of herbal and medicinal plants according to air-drying time, as it provides a simple and second unit analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Yeon Oh
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
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Arroo RRJ, Bhambra AS, Hano C, Renda G, Ruparelia KC, Wang MF. Analysis of plant secondary metabolism using stable isotope-labelled precursors. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2021; 32:62-68. [PMID: 32706176 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Analysis of biochemical pathways typically involves feeding a labelled precursor to an organism, and then monitoring the metabolic fate of the label. Initial studies used radioisotopes as a label and then monitored radioactivity in the metabolic products. As analytical equipment improved and became more widely available, preference shifted the use stable 'heavy' isotopes like deuterium (2 H)-, carbon-13 (13 C)- and nitrogen-15 (15 N)-atoms as labels. Incorporation of the labels could be monitored by mass spectrometry (MS), as part of a hyphenated tool kits, e.g. Liquid chromatography (LC)-MS, gas chromatography (GC)-MS, LC-MS/MS. MS offers great sensitivity but the exact location of an isotope label in a given metabolite cannot always be unambiguously established. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) can also be used to pick up signals of stable isotopes, and can give information on the precise location of incorporated label in the metabolites. However, the detection limit for NMR is quite a bit higher than that for MS. OBJECTIVES A number of experiments involving feeding stable isotope-labelled precursors followed by NMR analysis of the metabolites is presented. The aim is to highlight the use of NMR analysis in identifying the precise fate of isotope labels after precursor feeding experiments. As more powerful NMR equipment becomes available, applications as described in this review may become more commonplace in pathway analysis. CONCLUSION AND PROSPECTS NMR is a widely accepted tool for chemical structure elucidation and is now increasingly used in metabolomic studies. In addition, NMR, combined with stable isotope feeding, should be considered as a tool for metabolic flux analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randolph R J Arroo
- Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Avninder S Bhambra
- Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Gülin Renda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Karadeniz Technical University, Ortahisar/Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ketan C Ruparelia
- Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Meng F Wang
- Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
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Study on Lavender Essential Oil Chemical Compositions by GC-MS and Improved pGC. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143166. [PMID: 32664436 PMCID: PMC7397202 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lavender essential oil from the aerial parts of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. was analyzed by GC-MS equipped with three capillary columns of different polarities, which were HP-1, HP-5 ms and HP-INNOWax. A total of 40 compounds were identified by GC-MS, accounting for 92.03% of the total essential oil compositions. Nineteen monomers were separated by column chromatography and improved preparative gas chromatography (pGC), six of which could not be retrieved from the NIST 14 (National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA; 14th edition) library database. Fifteen compounds were identified for the first time in lavender essential oil. The improved pGC not only doubled the efficiency but also greatly reduced the cost.
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Physico-Chemical Parameters, Phenolic Profile, In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Volatile Compounds of Ladastacho ( Lavandula stoechas) from the Region of Saidona. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8040080. [PMID: 30925770 PMCID: PMC6523715 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8040080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to characterize Lavandula stoechas (Ladastacho) from the region of Saidona by means of physico-chemical parameters, phenolic profile, in vitro antioxidant activity and volatile compounds. Physico-chemical parameters (pH, acidity, salinity, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity and liquid resistivity) were determined using conventional methods. The phenolic profile was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-MS), whereas a quantitative determination was also accomplished using the total phenolics assay. In vitro antioxidant activity was determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl assay. Finally, volatile compounds were determined using headspace solid phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS). The results showed that Lavandula stoechas aqueous extract had a slightly acidic pH, low salinity content and considerable electrochemical properties (electrical conductivity and liquid resistivity along with electric potential). In addition, aqueous fractions showed a significantly (p < 0.05) higher phenolic content and in vitro antioxidant activity, whereas phenolic compounds, such as caffeic acid, quercetin-O-glucoside, lutelin-O-glucuronide and rosmarinic acid, were identified. Finally, numerous volatile compounds were found to dominate the volatile pattern of this flowering plant, producing a strong, penetrating, cool and menthol-like odour.
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Kawabe H, Suzuki R, Hirota H, Matsuzaki K, Gong X, Ohsaki A. A New Diterpenoid with a Rearranged Skeleton from Salvia prattii. Nat Prod Commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1701200807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A new diterpenoid with a rearranged skeleton, prattinin A (1), was isolated along with five known compounds (2–6) from the roots of Salvia prattii. The structure of 1 bearing a methyl group at the C-5 position was established by extensive spectroscopic analyses and the absolute configuration of 1 was elucidated by comparing the calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Compounds 1, 3, 4, and 5 exhibited moderate or weak cytotoxicity against HL-60 and HeLa cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kawabe
- College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 156-8550
| | - Riyo Suzuki
- College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 156-8550
| | - Hiroshi Hirota
- College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 156-8550
| | - Keiichi Matsuzaki
- School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1 Narashinodai, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan, 274-8885
| | - Xun Gong
- Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, China, 650204
| | - Ayumi Ohsaki
- College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 156-8550
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Jitviriyanon S, Phanthong P, Lomarat P, Bunyapraphatsara N, Porntrakulpipat S, Paraksa N. In vitro study of anti-coccidial activity of essential oils from indigenous plants against Eimeria tenella. Vet Parasitol 2016; 228:96-102. [PMID: 27692340 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the in vitro anticoccidial properties against Eimeria tenella of different essential oils and their major active components. Efficacy of ten essential oils from different Thai indigenous plants were preliminarily screened and only those with potential were further tested for effective concentrations and identifying their active compounds. Oocysticidal property was evaluated in term of sporulation inhibition of oocysts and the percentage of unsporulated, sporulated and degenerated oocysts, after treatment with 125μg/ml of the selected essential oil, the sample was enumerated by haemocytometer, while coccidiocidal activity was assessed by the inhibition of sporozoite invasion in MDBK cell lines. Results showed that only Boesenbergia pandurata and Ocimum basilicum essential oils had strong sporulation inhibition activity by providing a higher ratio of degenerated oocysts and their IC50 were 0.134 and 0.101mg/ml, respectively. GC-MS analysis of B. pandurata essential oil found trans-b-ocimene, camphor, 1,8-cineole, geraniol, camphene, methyl cinnamate, l-limonene and linalool as the major components, while methyl chavicol, α-bergamotene, 1,8-cineole and trans-β-ocimene were the main compounds of O. basilicum essential oil. Methyl cinnamate and camphor were the active components of B. pandurata oil, whereas methyl chavicol was the active component of O. basilicum oil by exhibiting the oocysticidal effect against E. tenella with IC50 values of 0.008, 0.023 and 0.054mg/ml, respectively. Furthermore, B. pandurata and O. basilicum oils also showed a strong cytotoxic property against coccidia with more than 70% inhibition of sporozoite invasion in MDBK cell lines, and their IC50 were 0.004 and 0.004mg/ml, respectively. Methyl cinnamate as well as camphor from B. pandurata and methyl chavicol from O. basilicum were also effective with IC50 values of 0.029, 0.023, and 0.022mg/ml, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surapan Jitviriyanon
- Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE), Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Phanida Phanthong
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Pattamapan Lomarat
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | | | - Sarthorn Porntrakulpipat
- Research Group for Preventive Technology in Livestock, Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Nuanchan Paraksa
- Natural Product for Animal Production Research and Testing Development Center, Center of Excellent, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand; Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand.
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Huynh MD, Page JT, Richardson BA, Udall JA. Insights into transcriptomes of big and low sagebrush. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127593. [PMID: 26020526 PMCID: PMC4447352 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the sequencing and assembly of three transcriptomes from Big (Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis and A. tridentata ssp. tridentata) and Low (A. arbuscula ssp. arbuscula) sagebrush. The sequence reads are available in the Sequence Read Archive of NCBI. We demonstrate the utilities of these transcriptomes for gene discovery and phylogenomic analysis. An assembly of 61,883 transcripts followed by transcript identification by the program TRAPID revealed 16 transcripts directly related to terpene synthases, proteins critical to the production of multiple secondary metabolites in sagebrush. A putative terpene synthase was identified in two of our sagebrush samples. Using paralogs with synonymous mutations we reconstructed an evolutionary time line of ancient genome duplications. By applying a constant mutation rate to the data we estimate that these three ancient duplications occurred about 18, 34 and 60 million years ago. These transcriptomes offer a foundation for future studies of sagebrush, including inferences in chemical defense and the identification of species and subspecies of sagebrush for restoration and preservation of the threatened sage-grouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D. Huynh
- Plant and Wildlife Science Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, United States of America
| | - Justin T. Page
- Plant and Wildlife Science Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, United States of America
| | - Bryce A. Richardson
- Rocky Mountain Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Provo, UT, 84606, United States of America
| | - Joshua A. Udall
- Plant and Wildlife Science Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Miyazawa M, Nakashima Y, Nakahashi H, Hara N, Nakagawa H, Usami A, Chavasiri W. Volatile Compounds with Characteristic Odor of Essential Oil from Magnolia obovata Leaves by Hydrodistillation and Solvent-assisted Flavor Evaporation. J Oleo Sci 2015; 64:999-1007. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess15114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuo Miyazawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University (Kindai University)
| | - Yoshimi Nakashima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University (Kindai University)
| | - Hiroshi Nakahashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University (Kindai University)
| | - Nobuyuki Hara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University (Kindai University)
| | - Hiroki Nakagawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University (Kindai University)
| | - Atsushi Usami
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University (Kindai University)
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13
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Terpenes and sterols from the fruits of Prunus mume and their inhibitory effects on osteoclast differentiation by suppressing tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity. Arch Pharm Res 2014; 38:186-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-014-0389-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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14
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Lopes AA, Pina ES, Silva DB, Pereira AMS, da Silva MFDGF, Da Costa FB, Lopes NP, Pupo MT. A biosynthetic pathway of sesquiterpene lactones in Smallanthus sonchifolius and their localization in leaf tissues by MALDI imaging. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:9989-91. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc46213g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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15
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Kraujalytė V, Leitner E, Venskutonis PR. Chemical and sensory characterisation of aroma of Viburnum opulus fruits by solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography–olfactometry. Food Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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16
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Reale S, Fasciani P, Pace L, De Angelis F, Marcozzi G. Volatile fingerprints of artemisinin-rich Artemisia annua cultivars by headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2011; 25:2511-6. [PMID: 21910287 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.5155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The cultivar Anamed (A3) is a hybrid of Artemisia annua with a high content of the secondary metabolite artemisinin, a well-known antimalarial drug. Here we report for the first time the volatile profile of fresh leaves of this hybrid in comparison with that of Artemisia annua L. wild-type species. Evaluation and comparison of the volatile profiles of A. annua genotypes with different content in artemisinin were carried out by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) that was performed on fresh leaves of the plants under investigation using a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) fiber. The chromatograms obtained from hybrids with a high content of artemisinin (A. annua cv. Anamed A3 and A. annua cv. Artemis F2) reveal the total absence of artemisia ketone, one of the major and characteristic compounds of the wild-type A. annua L., along with a significantly lower variety of volatile compounds. In conclusion, HS-SPME coupled with GC/MS is a very useful, non-destructive and efficient method to describe the volatile pattern of Artemisia annua cultivars. It represents a rapid screening method for the evaluation of volatile biomarkers like artemisia ketone, whose absence is typical of artemisinin-rich A. annua cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Reale
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila (AQ), Italy.
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17
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Zheng MS, Lee YK, Li Y, Hwangbo K, Lee CS, Kim JR, Lee SKS, Chang HW, Son JK. Inhibition of DNA topoisomerases I and II and cytotoxicity of compounds from Ulmus davidiana var. japonica. Arch Pharm Res 2010; 33:1307-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-010-0903-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2010] [Revised: 05/16/2010] [Accepted: 07/06/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Srivastava N, Akhila A. Biosynthesis of andrographolide in Andrographis paniculata. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2010; 71:1298-304. [PMID: 20557910 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2010] [Revised: 05/25/2010] [Accepted: 05/25/2010] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Andrographolide, a diterpene lactone, is isolated from Andrographis paniculata which is well known for its medicinal properties. The biosynthetic route to andrographolide was studied using [1-(13)C]acetate, [2-(13)C]acetate and [1,6-(13)C(2)]glucose. The peak enrichment of eight carbon atoms in the (13)C NMR spectra of andrographolide suggested that deoxyxylulose pathway (DXP) is the major biosynthetic pathway to this diterpene. The contribution of the mevalonic acid pathway (MVA) is indicated by the observed (13)C-labeling pattern, and because the labeling patterns indicate a simultaneous contribution of both methyl erythritol phosphate (MEP) and MVA pathways it can be deduced that cross-talk occurs between plastids and cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishi Srivastava
- Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226 015, India
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19
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Polichuk DR, Zhang Y, Reed DW, Schmidt JF, Covello PS. A glandular trichome-specific monoterpene alcohol dehydrogenase from Artemisia annua. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2010; 71:1264-9. [PMID: 20621795 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2010] [Revised: 03/30/2010] [Accepted: 04/26/2010] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The major components of the isoprenoid-rich essential oil of Artemisia annua L. accumulate in the subcuticular sac of glandular secretory trichomes. As part of an effort to understand isoprenoid biosynthesis in A. annua, an expressed sequence tag (EST) collection was investigated for evidence of genes encoding trichome-specific enzymes. This analysis established that a gene denoted Adh2, encodes an alcohol dehydrogenase and shows a high expression level in glandular trichomes relative to other tissues. The gene product, ADH2, has up to 61% amino acid identity to members of the short chain alcohol dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) superfamily, including Forsythia x intermedia secoisolariciresinol dehydrogenase (49.8% identity). Through in vitro biochemical analysis, ADH2 was found to show a strong preference for monoterpenoid secondary alcohols including carveol, borneol and artemisia alcohol. These results indicate a role for ADH2 in monoterpenoid ketone biosynthesis in A. annua glandular trichomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devin R Polichuk
- Plant Biotechnology Institute, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N OW9
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20
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Zheng MS, Yang JH, Li Y, Li X, Chang HW, Son JK. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Constituents Isolated from Ulmus davidiana var. japonica. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2010. [DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2010.18.3.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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21
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Schramek N, Wang H, Römisch-Margl W, Keil B, Radykewicz T, Winzenhörlein B, Beerhues L, Bacher A, Rohdich F, Gershenzon J, Liu B, Eisenreich W. Artemisinin biosynthesis in growing plants of Artemisia annua. A 13CO2 study. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2010; 71:179-87. [PMID: 19932496 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2009] [Revised: 10/08/2009] [Accepted: 10/19/2009] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Artemisinin from Artemisia annua has become one of the most important drugs for malaria therapy. Its biosynthesis proceeds via amorpha-4,11-diene, but it is still unknown whether the isoprenoid precursors units are obtained by the mevalonate pathway or the more recently discovered non-mevalonate pathway. In order to address that question, a plant of A. annua was grown in an atmosphere containing 700 ppm of 13CO2 for 100 min. Following a chase period of 10 days, artemisinin was isolated and analyzed by 13C NMR spectroscopy. The isotopologue pattern shows that artemisinin was predominantly biosynthesized from (E,E)-farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) whose central isoprenoid unit had been obtained via the non-mevalonate pathway. The isotopologue data confirm the previously proposed mechanisms for the cyclization of (E,E)-FPP to amorphadiene and its oxidative conversion to artemisinin. They also support deprotonation of a terminal allyl cation intermediate as the final step in the enzymatic conversion of FPP to amorphadiene and show that either of the two methyl groups can undergo deprotonation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Schramek
- Lehrstuhl für Biochemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany
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22
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Volatiles of Pleurospermum austriacum (L.) Hoffm. (Apiaceae). JOURNAL OF THE SERBIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2010. [DOI: 10.2298/jsc100323127r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This work presents the first results of detailed GC and GC-MS analyses of the
volatile constituents from the fresh leaves, fruits and stalks of an
endangered plant species Pleurospermum austriacum (L.) Hoffm. (Apiaceae).
Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons made up ca. 4/5 of the oils obtained in low yield
(0.003-0.086%, w/w). The major volatiles detected were germacrene D (66.5,
62.4 and 49.0 % in fruits, leaves and stalks, respectively), ?-caryophyllene
(3.1-5.7 %), ?-cadinene (3.6-5.0 %) and (E)-?-farnesene (1.0-1.5 %).
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23
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Adio AM. Germacrenes A–E and related compounds: thermal, photochemical and acid induced transannular cyclizations. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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24
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Xu GH, Kim JA, Kim SY, Ryu JC, Kim YS, Jung SH, Kim MK, Lee SH. Terpenoids and coumarins isolated from the fruits of Poncirus trifoliata. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2008; 56:839-42. [PMID: 18520091 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.56.839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Four new triterpenes, 21alpha-methylmelianodiol (1), 21beta-methylmelianodiol (2), hispidol A 25-methyl ether (3) and hispidol B 25-methyl ether (4), and a new coumarin, isoschininallylol (5), were isolated from the fruits of Poncirus trifoliata RAFINESQUE, along with seventeen known compounds. The structures of the new compounds (1 - 5) were elucidated by interpretation of their spectroscopic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Hua Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea
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25
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Plant Sterol Methyltransferases: Phytosterolomic Analysis, Enzymology, and Bioengineering Strategies. BIOENGINEERING AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANT PATHWAYS 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1755-0408(07)01009-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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26
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Rapparini F, Llusià J, Peñuelas J. Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonization on terpene emission and content of Artemisia annua L. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2008; 10:108-22. [PMID: 18211551 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-964963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Plant roots interact with a wide variety of rhizospheric microorganisms, including bacteria and the symbiontic arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. The mycorrhizal symbiosis represents a series of complex feedbacks between plant and fungus regulated by their physiology and nutrition. Despite the widespread distribution and ecological significance of AM symbiosis, little is known about the potential of AM fungi to affect plant VOC metabolism. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether colonization of plant roots by AM fungi and associated soil microorganisms affects VOC emission and content of Artemisia annua L. plants (Asteraceae). Two inoculum types were evaluated: one consisted of only an arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus species (Glomus spp.), and the other was a mixture of different Glomus species and associated soil bacteria. Inoculated plants were compared with non-inoculated plants and with plants supplemented with extra phosphorus (P) to obtain plants of the same size as mycorrhizal plants, thus excluding potentially-confounding mycorrhizal effects on shoot growth. VOC emissions of Artemisia annua plants were analyzed by leaf cuvette sampling followed by off-line measurements with pre-concentration and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Measurements of CO(2) and H(2)O exchanges were conducted simultaneously. Several volatile monoterpenes were identified and characterized from leaf emissions of Artemisia annua L. by GC-MS analysis. The main components identified belong to different monoterpene structures: alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, camphor, 1,8-cineole, limonene, and artemisia ketone. A good correlation between monoterpene leaf concentration and leaf emission was found. Leaf extracts included also several sesquiterpenes. Total terpene content and emission was not affected by AM inoculation with or without bacteria, while emission of limonene and artemisia ketone was stimulated by this treatment. No differences were found among treatments for single monoterpene content, while accumulation of specific sesquiterpenes in leaves was altered in mycorrhizal plants compared to control plants. Growth conditions seemed to have mainly contributed to the outcome of the symbiosis and influenced the magnitude of the plant response. These results highlight the importance of considering the below-ground interaction between plant and soil for estimating VOC emission rates and their ecological role at multitrophic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Rapparini
- Biometeorology Institute, IBIMET-CNR, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy.
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27
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Lopes AA, Baldoqui DC, López SN, Kato MJ, Bolzani VDS, Furlan M. Biosynthetic origins of the isoprene units of gaudichaudianic acid in Piper gaudichaudianum (Piperaceae). PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2007; 68:2053-8. [PMID: 17574633 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2006] [Revised: 04/13/2007] [Accepted: 04/23/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The biosynthesis of (2S)-2-methyl-2-(4'-methyl-3'-pentenyl)-8-(3''-methyl-2-butenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-6-carboxylic acid (gaudichaudianic acid), the major metabolite in leaves and roots of Piper gaudichaudianum Kunth (Piperaceae), has been investigated employing [1-(13)C]-D-glucose as precursor. The labelling pattern in the isolated gaudichaudianic acid was determined by quantitative (13)C NMR spectroscopy analysis and was consistent with involvement of both mevalonic acid and 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate pathways in the formation of the dimethylallyl- and geranyl-derived moieties. The results confirmed that both plastidic and cytoplasmic pathways are able to provide isopentenyl diphosphate units for prenylation of p-hydroxybenzoic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana A Lopes
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista, C.P. 355, CEP 14801-970 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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28
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Liolios C, Laouer H, Boulaacheb N, Gortzi O, Chinou I. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Algerian Phlomis bovei De Noé subsp. bovei. Molecules 2007; 12:772-81. [PMID: 17851429 PMCID: PMC6149321 DOI: 10.3390/12040772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2007] [Revised: 03/27/2007] [Accepted: 04/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical composition of essential oil obtained by steam distillation of dried aerial parts of Phlomis bovei De Noé subsp. bovei collected from Algeria, was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Seventy five constituents (corresponding to 86.37% of the total weight) were identified. The main components were: germacrene D, beta-caryophyllene, beta-bournonene, thymol and hexahydrofarnesyl acetone. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of the oil was evaluated against six gram (+/-) bacteria and three pathogenic fungi, using the agar dilution technique. It was found that the oil exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against most of the tested microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Liolios
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacognosy, Chemistry of Natural Products, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; E-mail: ; Fax: (+30) 2107274115
| | - Hocine Laouer
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Ferhat Abbas, Setif, Algeria; E-mails: ; ; Fax: (+213) 36 92 51 22
| | - Nacira Boulaacheb
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Ferhat Abbas, Setif, Algeria; E-mails: ; ; Fax: (+213) 36 92 51 22
| | - Olga Gortzi
- Department of Food Technology, Technological Educational Institution (T.E.I.) of Larissa, Terma Temponera str., Karditsa, Greece; E-mail: ; Fax: (+30) 2441072070
| | - Ioanna Chinou
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacognosy, Chemistry of Natural Products, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; E-mail: ; Fax: (+30) 2107274115
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; e-mail: , Fax: (+30) 2107274115
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29
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Lahlou S, Tahraoui A, Israili Z, Lyoussi B. Diuretic activity of the aqueous extracts of Carum carvi and Tanacetum vulgare in normal rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2007; 110:458-63. [PMID: 17113735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2006] [Revised: 10/10/2006] [Accepted: 10/12/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In the Moroccan traditional medicine, the ripe fruits of Carum carvi L. (Apiaceae) and the leaves of Tanacetum vulgare L. (Asteraceae/Compositae), two widely available plant materials, are used as diuretics. Since, the diuretic activity of these substances has not been investigated in scientifically controlled studies, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the diuretic potential of aqueous extracts of Carum carvi fruit (caraway) and the leaves of Tanacetum vulgare (tansy) in normal rats after acute and sub-chronic oral administration. Water extracts of Carum carvi and Tanacetum vulgare (100 mg/kg) or the reference drug, furosemide (10 mg/kg) were administrated orally to male Wistar rats and their urine output was quantitated at several intervals of time after the dose. After single doses of the extracts of both caraway seeds and tansy leaves, urine output was significantly increased at all time points, and at 24 h after the dose, the total volume of urine excreted was similar for the plant extracts and furosemide. Both extracts increased urinary levels of Na(+) and K(+), to about the same extent, while furosemide increased urinary levels of only Na(+) and decreased urinary K(+). Despite changes in urinary excretion of the electrolytes, plasma Na(+) and K(+) levels were not affected by any of the three substances. In the 8-day sub-chronic study, all three substances induced significant diuresis and natriuresis; only tansy increased urinary potassium excretion. The plant extracts did not appear to have renal toxicity or any other adverse effects during the study period. In conclusion, water extracts of both Carum carvi and Tanacetum vulgare have strong diuretic action confirming their ethnopharmacological use. From the pattern of excretion of water, sodium and potassium, it may be deduced that there are atleast two types of active principals present in these extracts, one having a furosemide-like activity and the other a thiazide-like activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaa Lahlou
- UFR Physiology-Pharmacology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, Fez, Morocco
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30
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Ormeño E, Mévy JP, Vila B, Bousquet-Mélou A, Greff S, Bonin G, Fernandez C. Water deficit stress induces different monoterpene and sesquiterpene emission changes in Mediterranean species. Relationship between terpene emissions and plant water potential. CHEMOSPHERE 2007; 67:276-84. [PMID: 17156816 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2006] [Revised: 09/29/2006] [Accepted: 10/03/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The effects of water deficit stress and plant water potential (psi) on monoterpene and sesquiterpene leaf emissions from Rosmarinus officinalis, Pinus halepensis, Cistus albidus and Quercus coccifera were studied over 11 days of water withholding (from t(1) to t(11)), after substrates had achieved their field capacity (control pots: t(0)). Volatile compounds were sampled from the same twig per plant all throughout the study, using a dynamic bag enclosure system. Volatiles, collected in Tenax TA, were studied by means of GC-FID and GC-MS. Monoterpene emissions of water stressed plants (t(1)-t(11)) were either similar to those of control seedlings (R. officinalis and Q. coccifera) or higher (P. halepensis and C. albidus). By contrast, sesquiterpene emissions were strongly reduced or inhibited after four days of water withholding, particularly for R. officinalis, thus altering terpene emission composition. Despite the positive effect of water stress on leaf monoterpene emissions of P. halepensis and C. albidus, the significant correlation between these emissions and psi showed a slow decrease of these emissions over long term water deficit periods. This contrasted with the rapid decline of sesquiterpene emissions of R. officinalis according to lower values of psi. These results provide an overall picture of the different responses of monoterpene and sesquiterpene emissions to progressive water loss. They also reveal the utility of using psi for estimating some emission rates of some species according to drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ormeño
- Equipe Ecologie Fonctionnelle, Institut Méditerranéen d'Ecologie et Paléoécologie (IMEP) - UMR 6116CNRS, Université de Provence, Centre de St Jérôme, Case 421 Avenue Escadrille Normandie Niémen, 13397 Marseille, France.
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31
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Dickel ML, Rates SMK, Ritter MR. Plants popularly used for loosing weight purposes in Porto Alegre, South Brazil. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2007; 109:60-71. [PMID: 16963210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2005] [Revised: 06/20/2006] [Accepted: 07/02/2006] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, 14 herbalists (herb sellers) were interviewed about popular use of plants with weight loss purpose in Porto Alegre, a South Brazil city. For all identified species, scientific data were reviewed aiming to establish a correlation between popular use and biological properties. Seventy-eight samples were reported as having weigh loss properties. These samples come from 23 species and Asteraceae encompasses the greatest number of representatives. The greatest number of herbalist's citations was Baccharis articulata. The majority of plants have traditional use in Brazil but none is explicitly cited for loosing weight purposes. The pharmacological data are mainly from animal and in vitro studies and do not straight related to obesity. Only Ilex paraguariensis presents clinical data of efficacy in the treatment of obesity. Seven species present pre-clinical data that indicate a potential role in the control of certain conditions which are associated with obesity, such as hyperlipidemia (Campomanesia xanthocarpa, Cuphea carthagenensis, Cynara scolymus, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Ilex paraguariensis) and high levels of blood glucose (Achyrocline satureioides, Baccharis trimera, Campomanesia xanthocarpa). In conclusion, scientific data found are insufficient to guarantee the efficacy and safety of these plants for treating obesity. However, some of them present activities which could be useful to treat certain obesity comorbidities and deserve further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Luciane Dickel
- Depto. de Botanica, Instituto de Biociencias, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Prédio 43433, Campus do Vale, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Göpfert JC, Heil N, Conrad J, Spring O. Cytological development and sesquiterpene lactone secretion in capitate glandular trichomes of sunflower. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2005; 7:148-155. [PMID: 15822010 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-837575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The secretion of sesquiterpene lactones (STL) in capitate glandular trichomes from the anther appendages of Helianthus annuus L. (Asteraceae) was observed by light and fluorescence microscopy and HPLC analysis. Disk flowers within the sunflower capitulum showed the known ontogenetic progression from the centre to the margin. During development of the florets, the trichomes in the anther appendages secreted their metabolites into the subcuticular secretion storage space in front of the two apical cells. All stages of forming the cuticular globe, from the pre-secretory to the post-secretory phase, could be observed microscopically and secretory activity was simultaneously monitored. Six germacrolides and heliangolides of known structure were selected for quantitative analysis. The increase in STL content during extension of the subcuticular space was monitored by HPLC analysis. Thereby, the start and termination of STL biosynthesis was defined in relation to other developmental stages of floret ontogenesis, particularly, the pollen formation. Part of the secreted material showed autofluorescence which could be attributed to a hydroxy-trimethoxy-flavone, as determined by NMR and mass spectroscopy. The anther trichomes were cytologically and chemically similar to foliar glandular trichomes of sunflower and represent the multicellular capitate glandular trichome type common to many Asteraceae. The ease with which anther trichomes of H. annuus can be harvested and analyzed suggests that they can provide a valuable model system for investigation of STL and flavonoid metabolism in Asteraceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Göpfert
- Institute of Botany, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- Braulio M Fraga
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, CSIC, Avda. Astrof. F. Sánchez 3, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.
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