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John SP, Svihla ZT, Hasenstein KH. Changes in endogenous abscisic acid and stomata of the resurrection fern, Pleopeltis polypodioides, in response to de- and rehydration. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2023; 110:e16152. [PMID: 36896495 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE While angiosperms respond uniformly to abscisic acid (ABA) by stomatal closure, the response of ferns to ABA is ambiguous. We evaluated the effect of endogenous ABA, hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ), nitric oxide (NO), and Ca2+ , low and high light intensities, and blue light (BL) on stomatal opening of Pleopeltis polypodioides. METHODS Endogenous ABA was quantified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; microscopy results and stomatal responses to light and chemical treatments were analyzed with Image J. RESULTS The ABA content increases during initial dehydration, peaks at 15 h and then decreases to one fourth of the ABA content of hydrated fronds. Following rehydration, ABA content increases within 24 h to the level of hydrated tissue. The stomatal aperture opens under BL and remains open even in the presence of ABA. Closure was strongly affected by BL, NO, and Ca2+ , regardless of ABA, H2 O2 effect was weak. CONCLUSIONS The decrease in the ABA content during extended dehydration and insensitivity of the stomata to ABA suggests that the drought tolerance mechanism of Pleopeltis polypodioides is independent of ABA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan P John
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, 70503, USA
| | - Zachary T Svihla
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, 70503, USA
| | - Karl H Hasenstein
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, 70503, USA
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2
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Gong J, Wang Z, Guo Z, Yao L, Zhao C, Lin S, Ma S, Shen Y. DORN1 and GORK regulate stomatal closure in Arabidopsis mediated by volatile organic compound ethyl vinyl ketone. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 231:123503. [PMID: 36736975 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Evk (ethyl vinyl ketone) is a signal substance for plant defense, but little is known about how evk mediates stomatal closure. Through stomatal biology experiments, we found that evk can mediate stomatal closure, and stomatal closure is weakened when DORN1 (DOES NOT RESPOND TO NUCLEOTIDES 1) and GORK (GATED OUTWARDLY-RECTIFYING K+ CHANNEL) are mutated. In addition, it was found by non-invasive micro-test technology (NMT) that the K+ efflux mediated by evk was significantly weakened when DORN and GORK were mutated. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H), firefly luciferase complementation imaging (LCI), and in vitro pull-down assays demonstrated that DORN1 and GORK could interact in vitro and in vivo. It was found by molecular docking that evk could combine with MRP (Multidrug Resistance-associated Protein), thus affecting ATP transport, promoting eATP (extracellular ATP) concentration increase and realizing downstream signal transduction. Through inoculation of botrytis cinerea, it was found that evk improved the antibacterial activity of Arabidopsis thaliana. As revealed by reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), the expression of defense related genes was enhanced by evk treatment. Evk is a potential green antibacterial drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqing Gong
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Zhaoyuan Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Zhujuan Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Lijuan Yao
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Chuanfang Zhao
- Beijing Jingtai Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Sheng Lin
- Beijing Jingtai Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Songling Ma
- Beijing Jingtai Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Yingbai Shen
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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3
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Inoue S, Hayashi M, Huang S, Yokosho K, Gotoh E, Ikematsu S, Okumura M, Suzuki T, Kamura T, Kinoshita T, Ma JF. A tonoplast-localized magnesium transporter is crucial for stomatal opening in Arabidopsis under high Mg 2+ conditions. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 236:864-877. [PMID: 35976788 PMCID: PMC9804957 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant stomata play an important role in CO2 uptake for photosynthesis and transpiration, but the mechanisms underlying stomatal opening and closing under changing environmental conditions are still not completely understood. Through large-scale genetic screening, we isolated an Arabidopsis mutant (closed stomata2 (cst2)) that is defective in stomatal opening. We cloned the causal gene (MGR1/CST2) and functionally characterized this gene. The mutant phenotype was caused by a mutation in a gene encoding an unknown protein with similarities to the human magnesium (Mg2+ ) efflux transporter ACDP/CNNM. MGR1/CST2 was localized to the tonoplast and showed transport activity for Mg2+ . This protein was constitutively and highly expressed in guard cells. Knockout of this gene resulted in stomatal closing, decreased photosynthesis and growth retardation, especially under high Mg2+ conditions, while overexpression of this gene increased stomatal opening and tolerance to high Mg2+ concentrations. Furthermore, guard cell-specific expression of MGR1/CST2 in the mutant partially restored its stomatal opening. Our results indicate that MGR1/CST2 expression in the leaf guard cells plays an important role in maintaining cytosolic Mg2+ concentrations through sequestering Mg2+ into vacuoles, which is required for stomatal opening, especially under high Mg2+ conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin‐ichiro Inoue
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of ScienceNagoya UniversityFuro‐cho, Chikusa‐kuNagoyaAichi464‐8602Japan
| | - Maki Hayashi
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of ScienceNagoya UniversityFuro‐cho, Chikusa‐kuNagoyaAichi464‐8602Japan
| | - Sheng Huang
- Institute of Plant Science and ResourcesOkayama UniversityChuo 2‐20‐1Kurashiki710‐0046Japan
| | - Kengo Yokosho
- Institute of Plant Science and ResourcesOkayama UniversityChuo 2‐20‐1Kurashiki710‐0046Japan
| | - Eiji Gotoh
- Department of Forest Environmental Sciences, Faculty of AgricultureKyushu University744 MotookaFukuoka819‐0395Japan
| | - Shuka Ikematsu
- Institute of Transformative Bio‐Molecules (WPI‐ITbM)Nagoya UniversityFuro‐cho, ChikusaNagoya464‐8602Japan
| | - Masaki Okumura
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of ScienceNagoya UniversityFuro‐cho, Chikusa‐kuNagoyaAichi464‐8602Japan
| | - Takamasa Suzuki
- Department of Biological Chemistry, College of Bioscience and BiotechnologyChubu UniversityKasugai‐shiAichi487‐8501Japan
| | - Takumi Kamura
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of ScienceNagoya UniversityFuro‐cho, Chikusa‐kuNagoyaAichi464‐8602Japan
| | - Toshinori Kinoshita
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of ScienceNagoya UniversityFuro‐cho, Chikusa‐kuNagoyaAichi464‐8602Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio‐Molecules (WPI‐ITbM)Nagoya UniversityFuro‐cho, ChikusaNagoya464‐8602Japan
| | - Jian Feng Ma
- Institute of Plant Science and ResourcesOkayama UniversityChuo 2‐20‐1Kurashiki710‐0046Japan
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Gong J, Yao L, Jiao C, Guo Z, Li S, Zuo Y, Shen Y. Ethyl Vinyl Ketone Activates K + Efflux to Regulate Stomatal Closure by MRP4-Dependent eATP Accumulation Working Upstream of H 2O 2 Burst in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169002. [PMID: 36012268 PMCID: PMC9409277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants regulate stomatal mobility to limit water loss and improve pathogen resistance. Ethyl vinyl ketone (evk) is referred to as a reactive electrophilic substance (RES). In this paper, we found that evk can mediate stomatal closure and that evk-induced stomatal closure by increasing guard cell K+ efflux. To investigate the role of eATP, and H2O2 in evk-regulated K+ efflux, we used Arabidopsis wild-type (WT), mutant lines of mrp4, mrp5, dorn1.3 and rbohd/f. Non-invasive micro-test technology (NMT) data showed that evk-induced K+ efflux was diminished in mrp4, rbohd/f, and dorn1.3 mutant, which means eATP and H2O2 work upstream of evk-induced K+ efflux. According to the eATP content assay, evk stimulated eATP production mainly by MRP4. In mrp4 and mrp5 mutant groups and the ABC transporter inhibitor glibenclamide (Gli)-pretreated group, evk-regulated stomatal closure and eATP buildup were diminished, especially in the mrp4 group. According to qRT-PCR and eATP concentration results, evk regulates both relative gene expressions of MRP4/5 and eATP concentration in rbohd/f and WT group. According to the confocal data, evk-induced H2O2 production was lower in mrp4, mrp5 mutants, which implied that eATP works upstream of H2O2. Moreover, NADPH-dependent H2O2 burst is regulated by DORN1. A yeast two-hybrid assay, firefly luciferase complementation imaging assay, bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay, and pulldown assay showed that the interaction between DORN1 and RBOHF can be realized, which means DORN1 may control H2O2 burst by regulating RBOHF through interaction. This study reveals that evk-induced stomatal closure requires MRP4-dependent eATP accumulation and subsequent H2O2 accumulation to regulate K+ efflux.
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Liu Y, Pan L, Li Y, Deng Y, Han X, Fu H, Wang T. Cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS)/H2S System Promotes Lymph Node Metastasis of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) by Activating SIRT1. Carcinogenesis 2022; 43:382-392. [PMID: 34994384 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgac002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymph node metastasis is a key factor of death and prognosis in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Previous studies have demonstrated that Cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS)/H2S system plays important roles in progression of various cancer. However, the function and mechanism of CBS/H2S system in lymph node metastasis of ESCC remains unclear. Here, we found that CBS was highly expressed in human ESCC tissues and closely associated with lymph node metastasis in ESCC patients. Functional studies demonstrated that CBS could significantly promote lymph node metastasis of ESCC tumor cells. In vitro, CBS knockdown inhibited tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion, while CBS overexpression produced the opposite results. In vivo, downregulation of CBS distinctly inhibited ESCC tumor growth and lymphatic metastasis, as evidenced by the decreased size and weight of tumor and popliteal lymph node. Meanwhile, we also found high expression of CBS induced ESCC angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in vitro and in vivo by upregulating VEGF, VEGF-C and VEGF-D. Mechanistically, CBS up-regulated the expression of SIRT1 and thus interrupted the Notch1/Hes1 axis, which plays a crucial role in lymph node metastasis of ESCC. Moreover, it was demonstrated that H2S derived from CBS activated SIRT1 via increasing the NAD +/NADH ratio and promoting the phosphorylation of SIRT1. In addition, H2S derived from CBS also enhanced SIRT1 protein stability. Taken together, these data show that the high expression of CBS/H2S system promotes ESCC lymph node metastasis via activating SIRT1 signaling pathway and CBS could serve as a potential therapeutic target for clinical intervention in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P.R. China
| | - Limin Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P.R. China
| | - Yuxi Li
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P.R. China
| | - Yuying Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P.R. China
| | - Xue Han
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P.R. China
| | - Han Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P.R. China
| | - Tianxiao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P.R. China
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6
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Duan X, Pan L, Deng Y, Liu Y, Han X, Fu H, Li Y, Li M, Wang T. Dandelion root extract affects ESCC progression via regulating multiple signal pathways. Food Funct 2021; 12:9486-9502. [PMID: 34476429 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01093j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dandelion, a medicinal and edible plant, exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the inhibitory effectiveness of the aqueous dandelion root extract (DRE) on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The in vitro cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis and the in vivo tumor growth were evaluated. The effects of DRE on PI3K/Akt and Ras/Raf/ERK pathways, which are important signaling pathways related to the development and progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, were studied. The effects of DRE on the expression of apoptosis-related proteins BCL2 and BAX were also investigated. Meanwhile, the role of a cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS)/H2S system in ESCC cells and the effects of DRE on the CBS/H2S system were assessed. The results showed that DRE selectively inhibited cell growth, proliferation, migration and invasion and induced cell apoptosis in ESCC cells. Moreover, the oral administration of DRE retarded the growth of tumors in human ESCC xenograft models. The DRE treatment led to a dose-dependent reduction in the levels of PI3K, p-Akt, Ras, Raf and pERK1/2 proteins in ESCC cells. DRE also caused a decrease in the anti-apoptotic protein BCL2 and an increase in the pro-apoptotic protein BAX. The data also showed that the CBS/H2S system implicated in the process of ESCC and DRE inhibited the CBS/H2S system. Moreover, the CBS knockdown weakened the cancer cell-inhibiting effectiveness of DRE. Therefore, DRE may affect ESCC progression through the regulation of PI3K/Akt and Ras/Raf/ERK signal pathways as well as the endogenous CBS/H2S system, and consequently, serve as an effective anti-cancer alternative for human ESCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P.R. China.
| | - Limin Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P.R. China.
| | - Yuying Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P.R. China.
| | - Ya Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P.R. China.
| | - Xue Han
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P.R. China.
| | - Han Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P.R. China.
| | - Yuxi Li
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P.R. China.
| | - Ming Li
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P.R. China.
| | - Tianxiao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P.R. China.
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Liu L, Huang L, Sun C, Wang L, Jin C, Lin X. Cross-Talk between Hydrogen Peroxide and Nitric Oxide during Plant Development and Responses to Stress. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:9485-9497. [PMID: 34428901 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are gradually becoming established as critical regulators in plants under physiological and stressful conditions. Strong spatiotemporal correlations in their production and distribution have been identified in various plant biological processes. In this context, NO and H2O2 act synergistically or antagonistically as signals or stress promoters depending on their respective concentrations, engaging in processes such as the hypersensitive response, stomatal movement, and abiotic stress responses. Moreover, proteins identified as potential targets of NO-based modifications include a number of enzymes related to H2O2 metabolism, reinforcing their cross-talk. In this review, several processes of well-characterized functional interplay between H2O2 and NO are discussed with respect to the most recent reported evidence on hypersensitive response-induced programmed cell death, stomatal movement, and plant responses to adverse conditions and, where known, the molecular mechanisms and factors underpinning their cross-talk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention Technology, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Lin Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Natural Resource & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chengliang Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Natural Resource & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Luxuan Wang
- Department of Agriculture and Environment, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Chongwei Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Natural Resource & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xianyong Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Natural Resource & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Gao S, Liu X, Liu Y, Cao B, Chen Z, Xu K. Response of growth, photosynthetic electron transfer, and chloroplast ultrastructure to different LED light combination in green onion (Allium fistulosum L.). PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:1662-1672. [PMID: 33665820 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of facility agriculture, it has become popular to study the influences of different light qualities on the growth, material metabolism, and morphology of horticultural crops. Last several years, green onions cultivation models have undergone major changes, and facility cultivation has developed rapidly. To determine the impact of light quality on the green onions, we studied the parameters connected to photosynthesis, incorporating growth, and development, photosynthetic rate (Pn ), chlorophyll fluorescence, light response curve, photosynthetic electron transfer, and chloroplast ultrastructure. We roundly analyzed the influences of different LED light combination (white: W, white-blue combination 3:1:WB, white-green combination 3:1:WG, white-yellow combination 3:1:WY, and white-red combination 3:1:WR, light intensity: 500 ± 10 μmol photons m-2 s-1 ) on the photosynthetic performance of green onions. The WB light led to better results than those of the WR, WG, and WY. There were significant performance improvements in leaf area, plant height, stem thickness, relative growth rate (RGR), pigment content, photosynthetic capacity, photosynthetic electron transfer efficiency, and chloroplast ultrastructure integrity. In contrast, plants treated with WG and WY were exposed to appreciably blocked light, but they effectively formed a light protection mechanism. The results of this research not only provided insight into the response mechanism of crop photosynthesis to different light qualities, but they also provided a scientific foundation for better planting green onions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Gao
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an, 271018, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Xuena Liu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an, 271018, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an, 271018, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Bili Cao
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an, 271018, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Zijing Chen
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an, 271018, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Kun Xu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an, 271018, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, 271018, China
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A novel cystathionine γ-lyase inhibitor, I194496, inhibits the growth and metastasis of human TNBC via downregulating multiple signaling pathways. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8963. [PMID: 33903672 PMCID: PMC8076300 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88355-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a high-risk subtype of breast cancer with high capacity for metastasis and lacking of therapeutic targets. Our previous studies indicated that cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) may be a new target related to the recurrence or metastasis of TNBC. Downregulation of CSE could inhibit the growth and metastasis of TNBC. The purpose of this study was to investigate the activity of the novel CSE inhibitor I194496 against TNBC in vivo and in vitro. The anticancer activity of I194496 in vitro were detected by MTS, EdU, and transwell assays. Methylene blue assay was used to determine the H2S level. Western blot was performed to analyze the expression of related pathway proteins. Xenograft tumors in nude mice were used to analyze the anticancer activity of I194496 in vivo. I194496 exerted potent inhibitory effects than l-propargylglycine (PAG, an existing CSE inhibitor) on human TNBC cells and possessed lower toxicity in normal breast epithelial Hs578Bst cells. I194496 reduced the activity and expression of CSE protein and the release of H2S in human TNBC cells. Meanwhile, the protein levels of PI3K, Akt, phospho (p)-Akt, Ras, Raf, p-ERK, p-Anxa2, STAT3, p-STAT3, VEGF, FAK, and Paxillin were decreased in human TNBC cells administrated with I194496. Furthermore, I194496 showed more stronger inhibitory effects on human TNBC xenograft tumors in nude mice. I194496 could inhibit the growth of human TNBC cells via the dual targeting PI3K/Akt and Ras/Raf/ERK pathway and suppress the metastasis of human TNBC cells via down-regulating Anxa2/STAT3 and VEGF/FAK/Paxillin signaling pathways. CSE inhibitor I194496 might become a novel and potential agent in the treatment of TNBC.
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Lopes-Oliveira PJ, Oliveira HC, Kolbert Z, Freschi L. The light and dark sides of nitric oxide: multifaceted roles of nitric oxide in plant responses to light. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:885-903. [PMID: 33245760 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Light drives photosynthesis and informs plants about their surroundings. Regarded as a multifunctional signaling molecule in plants, nitric oxide (NO) has been repeatedly demonstrated to interact with light signaling cascades to control plant growth, development and metabolism. During early plant development, light-triggered NO accumulation counteracts negative regulators of photomorphogenesis and modulates the abundance of, and sensitivity to, plant hormones to promote seed germination and de-etiolation. In photosynthetically active tissues, NO is generated at distinct rates under light or dark conditions and acts at multiple target sites within chloroplasts to regulate photosynthetic reactions. Moreover, changes in NO concentrations in response to light stress promote plant defenses against oxidative stress under high light or ultraviolet-B radiation. Here we review the literature on the interaction of NO with the complicated light and hormonal signaling cascades controlling plant photomorphogenesis and light stress responses, focusing on the recently identified molecular partners and action mechanisms of NO in these events. We also discuss the versatile role of NO in regulating both photosynthesis and light-dependent stomatal movements, two key determinants of plant carbon gain. The regulation of nitrate reductase (NR) by light is highlighted as vital to adjust NO production in plants living under natural light conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Halley Caixeta Oliveira
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Luciano Freschi
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Botany, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Yang J, Li C, Kong D, Guo F, Wei H. Light-Mediated Signaling and Metabolic Changes Coordinate Stomatal Opening and Closure. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:601478. [PMID: 33343603 PMCID: PMC7746640 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.601478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Stomata are valves on the leaf surface controlling carbon dioxide (CO2) influx for photosynthesis and water loss by transpiration. Thus, plants have to evolve elaborate mechanisms controlling stomatal aperture to allow efficient photosynthesis while avoid excessive water loss. Light is not only the energy source for photosynthesis but also an important signal regulating stomatal movement during dark-to-light transition. Our knowledge concerning blue and red light signaling and light-induced metabolite changes that contribute to stomatal opening are accumulating. This review summarizes recent advances on the signaling components that lie between the perception of blue/red light and activation of the PM H+-ATPases, and on the negative regulation of stomatal opening by red light-activated phyB signaling and ultraviolet (UV-B and UV-A) irradiation. Besides, light-regulated guard cell (GC)-specific metabolic levels, mesophyll-derived sucrose, and CO2 concentration within GCs also play dual roles in stomatal opening. Thus, light-induced stomatal opening is tightly accompanied by brake mechanisms, allowing plants to coordinate carbon gain and water loss. Knowledge on the mechanisms regulating the trade-off between stomatal opening and closure may have potential applications toward generating superior crops with improved water use efficiency (CO2 gain vs. water loss).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yang
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunlian Li
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dexin Kong
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangyan Guo
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongbin Wei
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Inoue S, Kaiserli E, Zhao X, Waksman T, Takemiya A, Okumura M, Takahashi H, Seki M, Shinozaki K, Endo Y, Sawasaki T, Kinoshita T, Zhang X, Christie JM, Shimazaki K. CIPK23 regulates blue light-dependent stomatal opening in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 104:679-692. [PMID: 32780529 PMCID: PMC7693358 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Phototropins (phot1 and phot2) are plant blue light receptor kinases that function to mediate phototropism, chloroplast movement, leaf flattening, and stomatal opening in Arabidopsis. Considerable progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms associated with phototropin receptor activation by light. However, the identities of phototropin signaling components are less well understood by comparison. In this study, we specifically searched for protein kinases that interact with phototropins by using an in vitro screening method (AlphaScreen) to profile interactions against an Arabidopsis protein kinase library. We found that CBL-interacting protein kinase 23 (CIPK23) interacts with both phot1 and phot2. Although these interactions were verified by in vitro pull-down and in vivo bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays, CIPK23 was not phosphorylated by phot1, as least in vitro. Mutants lacking CIPK23 were found to exhibit impaired stomatal opening in response to blue light but no deficits in other phototropin-mediated responses. We further found that blue light activation of inward-rectifying K+ (K+ in ) channels was impaired in the guard cells of cipk23 mutants, whereas activation of the plasma membrane H+ -ATPase was not. The blue light activation of K+ in channels was also impaired in the mutant of BLUS1, which is one of the phototropin substrates in guard cells. We therefore conclude that CIPK23 promotes stomatal opening through activation of K+ in channels most likely in concert with BLUS1, but through a mechanism other than activation of the H+ -ATPase. The role of CIPK23 as a newly identified component of phototropin signaling in stomatal guard cells is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin‐Ichiro Inoue
- Division of Biological ScienceGraduate School of ScienceNagoya UniversityFuro‐cho, Chikusa‐kuNagoya464‐8602Japan
| | - Eirini Kaiserli
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems BiologyCollege of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8QQUK
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Institute of Plant Stress BiologyState Key Laboratory of Cotton BiologySchool of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng475004People’s Republic of China
| | - Thomas Waksman
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems BiologyCollege of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8QQUK
| | - Atsushi Takemiya
- Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceKyushu University744 MotookaFukuoka819‐0395Japan
- Present address:
Department of BiologyGraduate School of Sciences and Technology for InnovationYamaguchi UniversityYamaguchi753‐8512Japan
| | - Masaki Okumura
- Division of Biological ScienceGraduate School of ScienceNagoya UniversityFuro‐cho, Chikusa‐kuNagoya464‐8602Japan
- Present address:
Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of Minnesota
| | | | - Motoaki Seki
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research2‐1 HirosawaWako351‐0198Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science1‐7‐22, Suehiro, Tsurumi‐kuYokohama230‐0045Japan
| | - Kazuo Shinozaki
- Gene Discovery Research GroupRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science3‐1‐1 KoyadaiTsukuba305‐0074Japan
| | - Yaeta Endo
- Institute for the Promotion of Science and TechnologyEhime UniversityMatsuyama790‐8577Japan
| | | | - Toshinori Kinoshita
- Institute of Transformative Bio‐Molecules (WPI‐ITbM)Nagoya UniversityChikusaNagoya464‐8602Japan
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Institute of Plant Stress BiologyState Key Laboratory of Cotton BiologySchool of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng475004People’s Republic of China
| | - John M. Christie
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems BiologyCollege of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8QQUK
| | - Ken‐Ichiro Shimazaki
- Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceKyushu University744 MotookaFukuoka819‐0395Japan
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13
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Hiyama A, Takemiya A, Munemasa S, Okuma E, Sugiyama N, Tada Y, Murata Y, Shimazaki KI. Blue light and CO 2 signals converge to regulate light-induced stomatal opening. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1284. [PMID: 29101334 PMCID: PMC5670223 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01237-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stomata regulate gas exchange between plants and atmosphere by integrating opening and closing signals. Stomata open in response to low CO2 concentrations to maximize photosynthesis in the light; however, the mechanisms that coordinate photosynthesis and stomatal conductance have yet to be identified. Here we identify and characterize CBC1/2 (CONVERGENCE OF BLUE LIGHT (BL) AND CO2 1/2), two kinases that link BL, a major component of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and the signals from low concentrations of CO2 in guard cells. CBC1/CBC2 redundantly stimulate stomatal opening by inhibition of S-type anion channels in response to both BL and low concentrations of CO2. CBC1/CBC2 function in the signaling pathways of phototropins and HT1 (HIGH LEAF TEMPERATURE 1). CBC1/CBC2 interact with and are phosphorylated by HT1. We propose that CBCs regulate stomatal aperture by integrating signals from BL and CO2 and act as the convergence site for signals from BL and low CO2. Stomata open in response to low CO2 conditions in the light to maximise photosynthesis. Here, Hiyama et al. identify two kinases that promote stomatal opening by inhibiting S-type anion channels downstream of phototropin and HT1 thereby acting as a convergence point for blue light and CO2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asami Hiyama
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takemiya
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8512, Japan
| | - Shintaro Munemasa
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Eiji Okuma
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Sugiyama
- Department of Molecular & Cellular BioAnalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yasuomi Tada
- Center for Gene Research, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Murata
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichiro Shimazaki
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
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Lanoue J, Leonardos ED, Ma X, Grodzinski B. The Effect of Spectral Quality on Daily Patterns of Gas Exchange, Biomass Gain, and Water-Use-Efficiency in Tomatoes and Lisianthus: An Assessment of Whole Plant Measurements. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1076. [PMID: 28676816 PMCID: PMC5477295 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Advancements in light-emitting diode (LED) technology have made them a viable alternative to current lighting systems for both sole and supplemental lighting requirements. Understanding how wavelength specific LED lighting can affect plants is thus an area of great interest. Much research is available on the wavelength specific responses of leaves from multiple crops when exposed to long-term wavelength specific lighting. However, leaf measurements do not always extrapolate linearly to the complexities which are found within a whole plant canopy, namely mutual shading and leaves of different ages. Taken together, both tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaves under short-term illumination and lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum) and tomato whole plant diurnal patterns of plants acclimated to specific lighting indicate wavelength specific responses of both H2O and CO2 gas exchanges involved in the major growth parameters of a plant. Tomato leaves grown under a white light source indicated an increase in transpiration rate and internal CO2 concentration and a subsequent decrease in water-use-efficiency (WUE) when exposed to a blue LED light source compared to a green LED light source. Interestingly, the maximum photosynthetic rate was observed to be similar. Using plants grown under wavelength specific supplemental lighting in a greenhouse, a decrease in whole plant WUE was seen in both crops under both red-blue (RB) and red-white (RW) LEDs when compared to a high pressure sodium (HPS) light. Whole plant WUE was decreased by 31% under the RB LED treatment for both crops compared to the HPS treatment. Tomato whole plant WUE was decreased by 25% and lisianthus whole plant WUE was decreased by 15% when compared to the HPS treatment when grown under RW LED. The understanding of the effects of wavelength specific lighting on both leaf and whole plant gas exchange has significant implications on basic academic research as well as commercial greenhouse production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Lanoue
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of GuelphGuelph, ON, Canada
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15
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Mata-Pérez C, Sánchez-Calvo B, Begara-Morales JC, Carreras A, Padilla MN, Melguizo M, Valderrama R, Corpas FJ, Barroso JB. Nitro-linolenic acid is a nitric oxide donor. Nitric Oxide 2016; 57:57-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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16
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Domingos P, Prado AM, Wong A, Gehring C, Feijo JA. Nitric oxide: a multitasked signaling gas in plants. MOLECULAR PLANT 2015; 8:506-20. [PMID: 25680232 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2014.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous reactive oxygen species (ROS) that has evolved as a signaling hormone in many physiological processes in animals. In plants it has been demonstrated to be a crucial regulator of development, acting as a signaling molecule present at each step of the plant life cycle. NO has also been implicated as a signal in biotic and abiotic responses of plants to the environment. Remarkably, despite this plethora of effects and functional relationships, the fundamental knowledge of NO production, sensing, and transduction in plants remains largely unknown or inadequately characterized. In this review we cover the current understanding of NO production, perception, and action in different physiological scenarios. We especially address the issues of enzymatic and chemical generation of NO in plants, NO sensing and downstream signaling, namely the putative cGMP and Ca(2+) pathways, ion-channel activity modulation, gene expression regulation, and the interface with other ROS, which can have a profound effect on both NO accumulation and function. We also focus on the importance of NO in cell-cell communication during developmental processes and sexual reproduction, namely in pollen tube guidance and embryo sac fertilization, pathogen defense, and responses to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aloysius Wong
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Christoph Gehring
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jose A Feijo
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, P-2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal; Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, 0118 BioScience Research Building, College Park, MD 20742-5815, USA.
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17
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Wang L, Ma X, Che Y, Hou L, Liu X, Zhang W. Extracellular ATP mediates H 2 S-regulated stomatal movements and guard cell K + current in a H 2 O 2 -dependent manner in Arabidopsis. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-014-0659-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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18
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Shabala S, Pottosin I. Regulation of potassium transport in plants under hostile conditions: implications for abiotic and biotic stress tolerance. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2014; 151:257-79. [PMID: 24506225 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular potassium homeostasis is a prerequisite for the optimal operation of plant metabolic machinery and plant's overall performance. It is controlled by K(+) uptake, efflux and intracellular and long-distance relocation, mediated by a large number of K(+) -selective and non-selective channels and transporters located at both plasma and vacuolar membranes. All abiotic and biotic stresses result in a significant disturbance to intracellular potassium homeostasis. In this work, we discuss molecular mechanisms and messengers mediating potassium transport and homeostasis focusing on four major environmental stresses: salinity, drought, flooding and biotic factors. We argue that cytosolic K(+) content may be considered as one of the 'master switches' enabling plant transition from the normal metabolism to 'hibernated state' during first hours after the stress exposure and then to a recovery phase. We show that all these stresses trigger substantial disturbance to K(+) homeostasis and provoke a feedback control on K(+) channels and transporters expression and post-translational regulation of their activity, optimizing K(+) absorption and usage, and, at the extreme end, assisting the programmed cell death. We discuss specific modes of regulation of the activity of K(+) channels and transporters by membrane voltage, intracellular Ca(2+) , reactive oxygen species, polyamines, phytohormones and gasotransmitters, and link this regulation with plant-adaptive responses to hostile environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Shabala
- School of Agricultural Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas, 7001, Australia
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19
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Hlavinka J, Nauš J, Fellner M. Spontaneous mutation 7B-1 in tomato impairs blue light-induced stomatal opening. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 209:75-80. [PMID: 23759105 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2013.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
It was reported earlier that 7B-1 mutant in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), an ABA overproducer, is defective in blue light (BL) signaling leading to BL-specific resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses. In this work, we examine responses of stomata to blue, red and white lights, fusicoccin, anion channel blockers (anthracene-9-carboxylic acid; 9-AC and niflumic acid; NIF) and ABA. Our results showed that the aperture of 7B-1 stomata does not increase in BL, suggesting that 7B-1 mutation impairs an element of BL signaling pathway involved in stomatal opening. Similar stomatal responses of 7B-1 and wild type (WT) to fusicoccin or 9-AC points out that activity of H(+)-ATPase and 9-AC-sensitive anion channels per se is not likely affected by the mutation. Since 9-AC restored stomatal opening of 7B-1 in BL, it seems that 9-AC and BL could block similar type of anion channels. The stomata of both genotypes did not respond to NIF neither in darkness nor in any light conditions tested. In light, 9-AC but not NIF restored stomatal opening inhibited by ABA in WT and 7B-1. We suggest that in comparison to WT, the activity of S-type anion channels in 7B-1 is more promoted by increased ABA content, and less reduced by BL, because of the mutant resistance to BL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Hlavinka
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 11, Olomouc CZ-78371, Czech Republic.
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Takahashi Y, Ebisu Y, Kinoshita T, Doi M, Okuma E, Murata Y, Shimazaki KI. bHLH transcription factors that facilitate K⁺ uptake during stomatal opening are repressed by abscisic acid through phosphorylation. Sci Signal 2013; 6:ra48. [PMID: 23779086 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2003760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Stomata open in response to light and close after exposure to abscisic acid (ABA). They regulate gas exchange between plants and the atmosphere, enabling plants to adapt to changing environmental conditions. ABA binding to receptors initiates a signaling cascade that involves protein phosphorylation. We show that ABA induced the phosphorylation of three basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors, called AKSs (ABA-responsive kinase substrates; AKS1, AKS2, and AKS3), in Arabidopsis guard cells. In their unphosphorylated state, AKSs facilitated stomatal opening through the transcription of genes encoding inwardly rectifying K⁺ channels. aks1aks2-1 double mutant plants showed decreases in light-induced stomatal opening, K⁺ accumulation in response to light, activity of inwardly rectifying K⁺ channels, and transcription of genes encoding major inwardly rectifying K⁺ channels without affecting ABA-mediated stomatal closure. Overexpression of potassium channel in Arabidopsis thaliana 1 (KAT1), which encodes a major inwardly rectifying K⁺ channel in guard cells, rescued the phenotype of aks1aks2-1 plants. AKS1 bound directly to the promoter of KAT1, an interaction that was attenuated after ABA-induced phosphorylation. The ABA agonist pyrabactin induced phosphorylation of AKSs. Our results demonstrate that the AKS family of bHLH transcription factors facilitates stomatal opening through the transcription of genes encoding inwardly rectifying K⁺ channels and that ABA suppresses the activity of these channels by triggering the phosphorylation of AKS family transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Takahashi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
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21
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Zhao X, Li YY, Xiao HL, Xu CS, Zhang X. Nitric oxide blocks blue light-induced K+ influx by elevating the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration in Vicia faba L. guard cells. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 55:527-36. [PMID: 23384172 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/27/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Ca(2+) plays a pivotal role in nitric oxide (NO)-promoted stomatal closure. However, the function of Ca(2+) in NO inhibition of blue light (BL)-induced stomatal opening remains largely unknown. Here, we analyzed the role of Ca(2+) in the crosstalk between BL and NO signaling in Vicia faba L. guard cells. Extracellular Ca(2+) modulated the BL-induced stomatal opening in a dose-dependent manner, and an application of 5 μM Ca(2+) in the pipette solution significantly inhibited BL-activated K(+) influx. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO donor, showed little effect on BL-induced K(+) influx and stomatal opening response in the absence of extracellular Ca(2+), but K(+) influx and stomatal opening were inhibited by SNP when Ca(2+) was added to the bath solution. Interestingly, although both SNP and BL could activate the plasma membrane Ca(2+) channels and induce the rise of cytosolic Ca(2+), the change in levels of Ca(2+) channel activity and cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration were different between SNP and BL treatments. SNP at 100 μM obviously activated the plasma membrane Ca(2+) channels and induced cytosolic Ca(2+) rise by 102.4%. In contrast, a BL pulse (100 μmol/m(2) per s for 30 s) slightly activated the Ca(2+) channels and resulted in a Ca(2+) rise of only 20.8%. Consistently, cytosolic Ca(2+) promoted K(+) influx at 0.5 μM or below, and significantly inhibited K(+) influx at 5 μM or above. Taken together, our findings indicate that Ca(2+) plays dual and distinctive roles in the crosstalk between BL and NO signaling in guard cells, mediating both the BL-induced K(+) influx as an activator at a lower concentration and the NO-blocked K(+) influx as an inhibitor at a higher concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhao
- Institute of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, College of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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22
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García-Mata C, Lamattina L. Gasotransmitters are emerging as new guard cell signaling molecules and regulators of leaf gas exchange. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 201-202:66-73. [PMID: 23352403 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2012.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Revised: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/24/2012] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Specialized guard cells modulate plant gas exchange through the regulation of stomatal aperture. The size of the stomatal pore is a direct function of the volume of the guard cells. The transport of solutes across channels in plasma membrane is a crucial process in the maintenance of guard cell water status. The fine tuned regulation of that transport requires an integrated convergence of multiple endogenous and exogenous signals perceived at both the cellular and the whole plant level. Gasotransmitters are novel signaling molecules with key functions in guard cell physiology. Three gasotransmitters, nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) are involved in guard cell regulatory processes. These molecules are endogenously produced by plant cells and are part of the guard cells responses to drought stress conditions through ABA-dependent pathways. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of gasotransmitters as versatile molecules interacting with different components of guard cell signaling network and propose them as players in new paradigms to study ABA-independent guard cell responses to water deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos García-Mata
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, UNMdP-CONICET, CC 1245, (7600) Mar del Plata, Argentina
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