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JawaharJothi G, Kovilpillai B, Subramanian A, Mani JR, Kumar S, Kannan B, Mani S. Effect of tropospheric ozone and its protectants on gas exchange parameters, antioxidant enzymes and quality of Garlic (Allium sativum. L). Int J Biometeorol 2024; 68:991-1004. [PMID: 38528211 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-024-02642-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
An experimental study was conducted to assess the detrimental effect of ground-level ozone (O3) on garlic physiology and to find out appropriate control measures against ground-level O3, at TNAU-Horticultural Research farm, Udhagamandalam. Elevated ground ozone levels significantly decreased garlic leaf chlorophyll, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, total soluble solids and pungency. The garlic chlorophyll content was highest in ambient ozone level and lowest in elevated ozone@200 ppb, highest stomatal conductance was recorded in ambient ozone with foliar spray of 3%Panchagavya, and the lowest was observed in elevated ozone@200 ppb. Since the elevated O3 had reduced in garlic photosynthetic rate significantly the lowest was observed in elevated O3@200 ppb and the highest photosynthetic rate was observed in ambient Ozone with foliar spray 3% of panchagavya after a week. The antioxidant enzymes of garlic were increased with increased concentration of tropospheric ozone. The highest catalase (60.97 µg of H2O2/g of leaf) and peroxidase (9.13 ΔA/min/g of leaf) concentration was observed at 200 ppb elevated ozone level. Garlic pungency content was highest in ambient ozone with foliar spray of 0.1% ascorbic acid and the lowest was observed under elevated O3@200 ppb. Highest total soluble solids were observed in ambient ozone with foliar spray of 3%Panchagavya and the lowest observed in elevated ozone@200 ppb. Thus, tropospheric ozone has a detrimental impact on the physiology of crops, which reduced crop growth and yield. Under elevated O3 levels, ascorbic acid performed well followed by panchagavya and neem oil. The antioxidant such as catalase and peroxidase had positive correlation among themselves and had negative correlation with chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate, pungency and TSS. The photosynthetic rate has high positive correlation with chlorophyll content, pungency and TSS. Correlation analysis confirmed the negative effects of tropospheric ozone and garlic gas exchange parameters and clove quality. The ozone protectants will reduce stomatal opening by which the entry of O3 in to the cell will be restricted and other hand they also will alleviate ROS and allied stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri JawaharJothi
- Division of Environment Science, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Boomiraj Kovilpillai
- Agro Climate Research Centre, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Avudainayagam Subramanian
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Sudhir Kumar
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Balaji Kannan
- Department of Physical Science and Information Technology Tamil, Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sudhakaran Mani
- JKK Munirajah College of Agricultural Science, Tamil Nadu, Erode dt, India
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Moreno JE, Campos ML. Waking up for defense! Melatonin as a regulator of stomatal immunity in plants. Plant Physiol 2022; 188:14-15. [PMID: 35051290 PMCID: PMC8774749 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Edgardo Moreno
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (UNL-Conicet), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Lattarulo Campos
- Integrative Plant Research Laboratory, Departamento de Botânica e Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
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Skiba E, Pietrzak M, Glińska S, Wolf WM. The Combined Effect of ZnO and CeO 2 Nanoparticles on Pisum sativum L.: A Photosynthesis and Nutrients Uptake Study. Cells 2021; 10:3105. [PMID: 34831328 PMCID: PMC8624121 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are emerging pollutants that are likely to occur in the contemporary environment. So far, their combined effects on terrestrial plants have not been thoroughly investigated. Obviously, this subject is a challenge for modern ecotoxicology. In this study, Pisum sativum L. plants were exposed to either CeO2 NPs or ZnO NPs alone, or mixtures of these nano-oxides (at two concentrations: 100 and 200 mg/L). The plants were cultivated in hydroponic system for twelve days. The combined effect of NPs was proved by 1D ANOVA augmented by Tukey's post hoc test at p = 0.95. It affected all major plant growth and photosynthesis parameters. Additionally, HR-CS AAS and ICP-OES were used to determine concentrations of Cu, Mn, Fe, Mg, Ca, K, Zn, and Ce in roots and shoots. Treatment of the pea plants with the NPs, either alone or in combination affected the homeostasis of these metals in the plants. CeO2 NPs stimulated the photosynthesis rate, while ZnO NPs prompted stomatal and biochemical limitations. In the mixed ZnO and CeO2 treatments, the latter effects were decreased by CeO2 NPs. These results indicate that free radicals scavenging properties of CeO2 NPs mitigate the toxicity symptoms induced in the plants by ZnO NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Skiba
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (M.P.); (W.M.W.)
| | - Monika Pietrzak
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (M.P.); (W.M.W.)
| | - Sława Glińska
- Laboratory of Microscopic Imaging and Specialized Biological Techniques, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Wojciech M. Wolf
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (M.P.); (W.M.W.)
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Ahmad S, Muhammad I, Wang GY, Zeeshan M, Yang L, Ali I, Zhou XB. Ameliorative effect of melatonin improves drought tolerance by regulating growth, photosynthetic traits and leaf ultrastructure of maize seedlings. BMC Plant Biol 2021; 21:368. [PMID: 34384391 PMCID: PMC8359050 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03160-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melatonin is considered a potential plant growth regulator to enhance the growth of plants and increase tolerance to various abiotic stresses. Nevertheless, melatonin's role in mediating stress response in different plant species and growth cycles still needs to be explored. This study was conducted to understand the impact of different melatonin concentrations (0, 50, 100, and 150 μM) applied as a soil drench to maize seedling under drought stress conditions. A decreased irrigation approach based on watering was exposed to maize seedling after drought stress was applied at 40-45% of field capacity. RESULTS The results showed that drought stress negatively affected the growth behavior of maize seedlings, such as reduced biomass accumulation, decreased photosynthetic pigments, and enhanced the malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, melatonin application enhanced plant growth; alleviated ROS-induced oxidative damages by increasing the photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzyme activities, relative water content, and osmo-protectants of maize seedlings. CONCLUSIONS Melatonin treatment also enhanced the stomatal traits, such as stomatal length, width, area, and the number of pores under drought stress conditions. Our data suggested that 100 μM melatonin application as soil drenching could provide a valuable foundation for improving plant tolerance to drought stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakeel Ahmad
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Ihsan Muhammad
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Guo Yun Wang
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Muhammad Zeeshan
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Li Yang
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Izhar Ali
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Xun Bo Zhou
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
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Hosotani S, Yamauchi S, Kobayashi H, Fuji S, Koya S, Shimazaki KI, Takemiya A. A BLUS1 kinase signal and a decrease in intercellular CO2 concentration are necessary for stomatal opening in response to blue light. Plant Cell 2021; 33:1813-1827. [PMID: 33665670 PMCID: PMC8254492 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Light-induced stomatal opening stimulates CO2 uptake and transpiration in plants. Weak blue light under strong red light effectively induces stomatal opening. Blue light-dependent stomatal opening initiates light perception by phototropins, and the signal is transmitted to a plasma membrane H+-ATPase in guard cells via BLUE LIGHT SIGNALING 1 (BLUS1) kinase. However, it is unclear how BLUS1 transmits the signal to H+-ATPase. Here, we characterized BLUS1 signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana, and showed that the BLUS1 C-terminus acts as an auto-inhibitory domain and that phototropin-mediated Ser-348 phosphorylation within the domain removes auto-inhibition. C-Terminal truncation and phospho-mimic Ser-348 mutation caused H+-ATPase activation in the dark, but did not elicit stomatal opening. Unexpectedly, the plants exhibited stomatal opening under strong red light and stomatal closure under weak blue light. A decrease in intercellular CO2 concentration via red light-driven photosynthesis together with H+-ATPase activation caused stomatal opening. Furthermore, phototropins caused H+-ATPase dephosphorylation in guard cells expressing constitutive signaling variants of BLUS1 in response to blue light, possibly for fine-tuning stomatal opening. Overall, our findings provide mechanistic insights into the blue light regulation of stomatal opening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakurako Hosotani
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8512, Japan
| | - Shota Yamauchi
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8512, Japan
| | - Haruki Kobayashi
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8512, Japan
| | - Saashia Fuji
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8512, Japan
| | - Shigekazu Koya
- Department of Biology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | | | - Atsushi Takemiya
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8512, Japan
- Author for correspondence:
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Zhang TY, Li ZQ, Zhao YD, Shen WJ, Chen MS, Gao HQ, Ge XM, Wang HQ, Li X, He JM. Ethylene-induced stomatal closure is mediated via MKK1/3-MPK3/6 cascade to EIN2 and EIN3. J Integr Plant Biol 2021; 63:1324-1340. [PMID: 33605510 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MPKs) play essential roles in guard cell signaling, but whether MPK cascades participate in guard cell ethylene signaling and interact with hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ), nitric oxide (NO), and ethylene-signaling components remain unclear. Here, we report that ethylene activated MPK3 and MPK6 in the leaves of wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana as well as ethylene insensitive2 (ein2), ein3, nitrate reductase1 (nia1), and nia2 mutants, but this effect was impaired in ethylene response1 (etr1), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase AtrbohF, mpk kinase1 (mkk1), and mkk3 mutants. By contrast, the constitutive triple response1 (ctr1) mutant had constitutively active MPK3 and MPK6. Yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and pull-down assays indicated that MPK3 and MPK6 physically interacted with MKK1, MKK3, and the C-terminal region of EIN2 (EIN2 CEND). mkk1, mkk3, mpk3, and mpk6 mutants had typical levels of ethylene-induced H2 O2 generation but impaired ethylene-induced EIN2 CEND cleavage and nuclear translocation, EIN3 protein accumulation, NO production in guard cells, and stomatal closure. These results show that the MKK1/3-MPK3/6 cascade mediates ethylene-induced stomatal closure by functioning downstream of ETR1, CTR1, and H2 O2 to interact with EIN2, thereby promoting EIN3 accumulation and EIN3-dependent NO production in guard cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Yue Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Zhong-Qi Li
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yu-Dong Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Wen-Jie Shen
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Meng-Shu Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Hai-Quan Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xiao-Min Ge
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Hui-Qin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Jun-Min He
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
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Hasan MM, Rahman MA, Skalicky M, Alabdallah NM, Waseem M, Jahan MS, Ahammed GJ, El-Mogy MM, El-Yazied AA, Ibrahim MFM, Fang XW. Ozone Induced Stomatal Regulations, MAPK and Phytohormone Signaling in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126304. [PMID: 34208343 PMCID: PMC8231235 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ozone (O3) is a gaseous environmental pollutant that can enter leaves through stomatal pores and cause damage to foliage. It can induce oxidative stress through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) like hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) that can actively participate in stomatal closing or opening in plants. A number of phytohormones, including abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene (ET), salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA) are involved in stomatal regulation in plants. The effects of ozone on these phytohormones’ ability to regulate the guard cells of stomata have been little studied, however, and the goal of this paper is to explore and understand the effects of ozone on stomatal regulation through guard cell signaling by phytohormones. In this review, we updated the existing knowledge by considering several physiological mechanisms related to stomatal regulation after response to ozone. The collected information should deepen our understanding of the molecular pathways associated with response to ozone stress, in particular, how it influences stomatal regulation, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity, and phytohormone signaling. After summarizing the findings and noting the gaps in the literature, we present some ideas for future research on ozone stress in plants
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mahadi Hasan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (M.M.H.); (M.W.)
| | - Md. Atikur Rahman
- Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Korea;
| | - Milan Skalicky
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Nadiyah M. Alabdallah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 383, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Muhammad Waseem
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (M.M.H.); (M.W.)
| | - Mohammad Shah Jahan
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
- Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Golam Jalal Ahammed
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China;
| | - Mohamed M. El-Mogy
- Vegetable Crop Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed Abou El-Yazied
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed F. M. Ibrahim
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Xiang-Wen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (M.M.H.); (M.W.)
- Correspondence:
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Guzmán-Delgado P, Laca E, Zwieniecki MA. Unravelling foliar water uptake pathways: The contribution of stomata and the cuticle. Plant Cell Environ 2021; 44:1728-1740. [PMID: 33665817 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plants can absorb water through their leaf surfaces, a phenomenon commonly referred to as foliar water uptake (FWU). Despite the physiological importance of FWU, the pathways and mechanisms underlying the process are not well known. Using a novel experimental approach, we parsed out the contribution of the stomata and the cuticle to FWU in two species with Mediterranean (Prunus dulcis) and temperate (Pyrus communis) origin. The hydraulic parameters of FWU were derived by analysing mass and water potential changes of leaves placed in a fog chamber. Leaves were previously treated with abscisic acid to force stomata to remain closed, with fusicoccin to remain open, and with water (control). Leaves with open stomata rehydrated two times faster than leaves with closed stomata and attained approximately three times higher maximum fluxes and hydraulic conductance. Based on FWU rates, we propose that rehydration through stomata occurs primarily via diffusion of water vapour rather than in liquid form even when leaf surfaces are covered with a water film. We discuss the potential mechanisms of FWU and the significance of both stomatal and cuticular pathways for plant productivity and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Guzmán-Delgado
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Emilio Laca
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Maciej A Zwieniecki
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
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Morales LO, Shapiguzov A, Safronov O, Leppälä J, Vaahtera L, Yarmolinsky D, Kollist H, Brosché M. Ozone responses in Arabidopsis: beyond stomatal conductance. Plant Physiol 2021; 186:180-192. [PMID: 33624812 PMCID: PMC8154098 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tropospheric ozone (O3) is a major air pollutant that decreases yield of important crops worldwide. Despite long-lasting research of its negative effects on plants, there are many gaps in our knowledge on how plants respond to O3. In this study, we used natural variation in the model plant Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) to characterize molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying O3 sensitivity. A key parameter in models for O3 damage is stomatal uptake. Here we show that the extent of O3 damage in the sensitive Arabidopsis accession Shahdara (Sha) does not correspond with O3 uptake, pointing toward stomata-independent mechanisms for the development of O3 damage. We compared tolerant (Col-0) versus sensitive accessions (Sha, Cvi-0) in assays related to photosynthesis, cell death, antioxidants, and transcriptional regulation. Acute O3 exposure increased cell death, development of lesions in the leaves, and decreased photosynthesis in sensitive accessions. In both Sha and Cvi-0, O3-induced lesions were associated with decreased maximal chlorophyll fluorescence and low quantum yield of electron transfer from Photosystem II to plastoquinone. However, O3-induced repression of photosynthesis in these two O3-sensitive accessions developed in different ways. We demonstrate that O3 sensitivity in Arabidopsis is influenced by genetic diversity given that Sha and Cvi-0 developed accession-specific transcriptional responses to O3. Our findings advance the understanding of plant responses to O3 and set a framework for future studies to characterize molecular and physiological mechanisms allowing plants to respond to high O3 levels in the atmosphere as a result of high air pollution and climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis O Morales
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- School of Science & Technology, The Life Science Center-Biology, Örebro University, SE-70182 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Alexey Shapiguzov
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Omid Safronov
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Leppälä
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lauri Vaahtera
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Hannes Kollist
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mikael Brosché
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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Chen D, He L, Lin M, Jing Y, Liang C, Liu H, Gao J, Zhang W, Wang M. A ras-related small GTP-binding protein, RabE1c, regulates stomatal movements and drought stress responses by mediating the interaction with ABA receptors. Plant Sci 2021; 306:110858. [PMID: 33775364 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Drought represents a leading constraint over crop productivity worldwide. The plant response to this stress is centered on the behavior of the cell membrane, where the transduction of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling occurs. Here, the Ras-related small GTP-binding protein RabE1c has been shown able to bind to an ABA receptor in the Arabidopsis thaliana plasma membrane, thereby positively regulating ABA signaling. RabE1c is highly induced by drought stress and expressed abundantly in guard cells. In the loss-of-function rabe1c mutant, both stomatal closure and the whole plant drought stress response showed a reduced sensitivity to ABA treatment, demonstrating that RabE1c is involved in the control over transpirative water loss through the stomata. Impairment of RabE1c's function suppressed the accumulation of the ABA receptor PYL4. The over-expression of RabE1c in A. thaliana enhanced the plants' ability to tolerate drought, and a similar phenotypic effect was achieved by constitutively expressing the gene in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapassp. pekinensis). The leading conclusion was that RabE1c promotes the degradation of PYL4, suggesting a possible genetic strategy to engineer crop plants to better withstand drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaption Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Lilong He
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaption Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable Biology, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Minyan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaption Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Ying Jing
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaption Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Chaochao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaption Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Huiping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaption Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Jianwei Gao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable Biology, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaption Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaption Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.
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Zhu ZD, Sun HJ, Li J, Yuan YX, Zhao JF, Zhang CG, Chen YL. RIC7 plays a negative role in ABA-induced stomatal closure by inhibiting H 2O 2 production. Plant Signal Behav 2021; 16:1876379. [PMID: 33586611 PMCID: PMC7971284 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2021.1876379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
When plants encounter environmental stresses, phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) accumulates quickly and efficiently reduces water loss by inducing stomatal closure. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is an important regulator in ABA-induced stomatal closure, and ROS generation is modulated by multiple components in guard-cell ABA signaling. ROP interactive CRIB-containing protein 7 (RIC7) has been found to negatively regulate ABA-induced stomatal closure. However, the molecular details of the RIC7 function in this process are unclear. Here, by using two RIC7 overexpressing mutants, we confirmed the negative role of RIC7 in ABA-induced stomatal closure and found that guard cells of RIC7 overexpressing mutants generated less H2O2 than the wild type with ABA treatment, which were consistent with the reduced expression levels of ROS generation related NADPH oxidase genes AtRBOHD and AtRBOHF, and cytosolic polyamine oxidase genes PAO1 and PAO5 in the RIC7 overexpressing mutants. Furthermore, external applied H2O2 failed to rescue the defects of stomatal closure in RIC7 overexpressing mutants. These results suggest that RIC7 affects H2O2 generation in guard cells, and the function of H2O2 is dependent on RIC7 in ABA-induced stomatal closure, indicative of interdependency between RIC7 and H2O2 in ABA guard-cell signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Dan Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hai-Jing Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiao Li
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ya-Xin Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jun-Feng Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chun-Guang Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu-Ling Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
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12
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Xu B, Long Y, Feng X, Zhu X, Sai N, Chirkova L, Betts A, Herrmann J, Edwards EJ, Okamoto M, Hedrich R, Gilliham M. GABA signalling modulates stomatal opening to enhance plant water use efficiency and drought resilience. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1952. [PMID: 33782393 PMCID: PMC8007581 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21694-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The non-protein amino acid γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been proposed to be an ancient messenger for cellular communication conserved across biological kingdoms. GABA has well-defined signalling roles in animals; however, whilst GABA accumulates in plants under stress it has not been determined if, how, where and when GABA acts as an endogenous plant signalling molecule. Here, we establish endogenous GABA as a bona fide plant signal, acting via a mechanism not found in animals. Using Arabidopsis thaliana, we show guard cell GABA production is necessary and sufficient to reduce stomatal opening and transpirational water loss, which improves water use efficiency and drought tolerance, via negative regulation of a stomatal guard cell tonoplast-localised anion transporter. We find GABA modulation of stomata occurs in multiple plants, including dicot and monocot crops. This study highlights a role for GABA metabolism in fine tuning physiology and opens alternative avenues for improving plant stress resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xu
- Plant Transport and Signalling Lab, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Waite Research Institute, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Precinct, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Yu Long
- Plant Transport and Signalling Lab, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Waite Research Institute, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Precinct, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Xueying Feng
- Plant Transport and Signalling Lab, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Waite Research Institute, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Precinct, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Xujun Zhu
- Plant Transport and Signalling Lab, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Waite Research Institute, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Na Sai
- Plant Transport and Signalling Lab, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Waite Research Institute, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Precinct, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Larissa Chirkova
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Precinct, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- ARC Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Wheat in a Hot and Dry Climate, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Annette Betts
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Johannes Herrmann
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Mamoru Okamoto
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Precinct, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- ARC Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Wheat in a Hot and Dry Climate, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthew Gilliham
- Plant Transport and Signalling Lab, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Waite Research Institute, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia.
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Precinct, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia.
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13
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Hamani AKM, Li S, Chen J, Amin AS, Wang G, Xiaojun S, Zain M, Gao Y. Linking exogenous foliar application of glycine betaine and stomatal characteristics with salinity stress tolerance in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seedlings. BMC Plant Biol 2021; 21:146. [PMID: 33743608 PMCID: PMC7980556 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02892-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycine betaine (GB) plays a crucial role in plants responding to abiotic stresses. Studying the physiological response of cotton seedlings to exogenous GB under salt stress provides a reference for the application of GB to improve the resistance of cotton seedlings under salt stress. The purpose of this research is to examine the impacts of foliar-applied GB on leaf stomatal structure and characteristics, gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and plant growth indicators of Gossypium hirsutum L. under NaCl stress conditions. RESULTS Under the salinity of 150 mM, the four concentrations of GB are 0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 mM, and the control (CK) was GB-untreated non-saline. Salt stress negatively affected leaf stomata as well as gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence and decreased plant growth parameters of cotton seedlings. The treatment with 5 mM GB significantly increased the evolution of photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), intracellular CO2 concentration (Ci) and stomatal conductance (gs) compared to the GB-untreated saline treatment. The Exogenous foliar-applied GB has sustainably decreased the carboxylation efficiency (Pn/Ci) and water use efficiency (WUE). The concentration of 5 mM GB leads to a significant improvement of leaf stomatal characteristics. The leaf gas exchange attributes correlated positively with stomatal density (SD), stomatal length (SL) and stomatal with (SW). CONCLUSION The overall results suggested that exogenous foliar supplementation with GB can effectively alleviate the damage of salt stress to cotton seedlings. The effect of applying 5 mM GB could be an optional choice for protecting cotton seedlings from NaCl stress through promoting the stomatal functions, photosynthetic activities and growth characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdoul Kader Mounkaila Hamani
- Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xinxiang, Henan, 453002, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Li
- Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xinxiang, Henan, 453002, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinsai Chen
- Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xinxiang, Henan, 453002, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Abubakar Sunusi Amin
- Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xinxiang, Henan, 453002, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangshuai Wang
- Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xinxiang, Henan, 453002, People's Republic of China
| | - Shen Xiaojun
- Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xinxiang, Henan, 453002, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Zain
- Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xinxiang, Henan, 453002, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Gao
- Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xinxiang, Henan, 453002, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Huque AKMM, So W, Noh M, You MK, Shin JS. Overexpression of AtBBD1, Arabidopsis Bifunctional Nuclease, Confers Drought Tolerance by Enhancing the Expression of Regulatory Genes in ABA-Mediated Drought Stress Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062936. [PMID: 33805821 PMCID: PMC8001636 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought is the most serious abiotic stress, which significantly reduces crop productivity. The phytohormone ABA plays a pivotal role in regulating stomatal closing upon drought stress. Here, we characterized the physiological function of AtBBD1, which has bifunctional nuclease activity, on drought stress. We found that AtBBD1 localized to the nucleus and cytoplasm, and was expressed strongly in trichomes and stomatal guard cells of leaves, based on promoter:GUS constructs. Expression analyses revealed that AtBBD1 and AtBBD2 are induced early and strongly by ABA and drought, and that AtBBD1 is also strongly responsive to JA. We then compared phenotypes of two AtBBD1-overexpression lines (AtBBD1-OX), single knockout atbbd1, and double knockout atbbd1/atbbd2 plants under drought conditions. We did not observe any phenotypic difference among them under normal growth conditions, while OX lines had greatly enhanced drought tolerance, lower transpirational water loss, and higher proline content than the WT and KOs. Moreover, by measuring seed germination rate and the stomatal aperture after ABA treatment, we found that AtBBD1-OX and atbbd1 plants showed significantly higher and lower ABA-sensitivity, respectively, than the WT. RNA sequencing analysis of AtBBD1-OX and atbbd1 plants under PEG-induced drought stress showed that overexpression of AtBBD1 enhances the expression of key regulatory genes in the ABA-mediated drought signaling cascade, particularly by inducing genes related to ABA biosynthesis, downstream transcription factors, and other regulatory proteins, conferring AtBBD1-OXs with drought tolerance. Taken together, we suggest that AtBBD1 functions as a novel positive regulator of drought responses by enhancing the expression of ABA- and drought stress-responsive genes as well as by increasing proline content.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. K. M. Mahmudul Huque
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (A.K.M.M.H.); (W.S.); (M.N.)
| | - Wonmi So
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (A.K.M.M.H.); (W.S.); (M.N.)
| | - Minsoo Noh
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (A.K.M.M.H.); (W.S.); (M.N.)
| | - Min Kyoung You
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.K.Y.); (J.S.S.)
| | - Jeong Sheop Shin
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (A.K.M.M.H.); (W.S.); (M.N.)
- Correspondence: (M.K.Y.); (J.S.S.)
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15
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Liu T, Li CX, Zhong J, Shu D, Luo D, Li ZM, Zhou JY, Yang J, Tan H, Ma XR. Exogenous 1',4'- trans-Diol-ABA Induces Stress Tolerance by Affecting the Level of Gene Expression in Tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2555. [PMID: 33806336 PMCID: PMC7961390 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
1',4'-trans-diol-ABA is a key precursor of the biosynthesis of abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis in fungi. We successfully obtained the pure compound from a mutant of Botrytis cinerea and explored its function and possible mechanism on plants by spraying 2 mg/L 1',4'-trans-diol-ABA on tobacco leaves. Our results showed that this compound enhanced the drought tolerance of tobacco seedlings. A comparative transcriptome analysis showed that a large number of genes responded to the compound, exhibiting 1523 genes that were differentially expressed at 12 h, which increased to 1993 at 24 h and 3074 at 48 h, respectively. The enrichment analysis demonstrated that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were primarily enriched in pathways related to hormones and resistance. The DEGs of transcription factors were generally up-regulated and included the bHLH, bZIP, ERF, MYB, NAC, WRKY and HSF families. Moreover, the levels of expression of PYL/PYR, PP2C, SnRK2, and ABF at the ABA signaling pathway responded positively to exogenous 1',4'-trans-diol-ABA. Among them, seven ABF transcripts that were detected were significantly up-regulated. In addition, the genes involved in salicylic acid, ethylene and jasmonic acid pathways, reactive oxygen species scavenging system, and other resistance related genes were primarily induced by 1',4'-trans-diol-ABA. These findings indicated that treatment with 1',4'-trans-diol-ABA could improve tolerance to plant abiotic stress and potential biotic resistance by regulating gene expression, similar to the effects of exogenous ABA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (T.L.); (C.-X.L.); (J.Z.); (D.S.); (D.L.); (Z.-M.L.); (J.-Y.Z.); (J.Y.)
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cai-Xia Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (T.L.); (C.-X.L.); (J.Z.); (D.S.); (D.L.); (Z.-M.L.); (J.-Y.Z.); (J.Y.)
| | - Juan Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (T.L.); (C.-X.L.); (J.Z.); (D.S.); (D.L.); (Z.-M.L.); (J.-Y.Z.); (J.Y.)
| | - Dan Shu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (T.L.); (C.-X.L.); (J.Z.); (D.S.); (D.L.); (Z.-M.L.); (J.-Y.Z.); (J.Y.)
| | - Di Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (T.L.); (C.-X.L.); (J.Z.); (D.S.); (D.L.); (Z.-M.L.); (J.-Y.Z.); (J.Y.)
| | - Zhe-Min Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (T.L.); (C.-X.L.); (J.Z.); (D.S.); (D.L.); (Z.-M.L.); (J.-Y.Z.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jin-Yan Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (T.L.); (C.-X.L.); (J.Z.); (D.S.); (D.L.); (Z.-M.L.); (J.-Y.Z.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jie Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (T.L.); (C.-X.L.); (J.Z.); (D.S.); (D.L.); (Z.-M.L.); (J.-Y.Z.); (J.Y.)
| | - Hong Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (T.L.); (C.-X.L.); (J.Z.); (D.S.); (D.L.); (Z.-M.L.); (J.-Y.Z.); (J.Y.)
| | - Xin-Rong Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (T.L.); (C.-X.L.); (J.Z.); (D.S.); (D.L.); (Z.-M.L.); (J.-Y.Z.); (J.Y.)
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16
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Waqas M, Yaning C, Iqbal H, Shareef M, Rehman HU, Bilal HM. Synergistic consequences of salinity and potassium deficiency in quinoa: Linking with stomatal patterning, ionic relations and oxidative metabolism. Plant Physiol Biochem 2021; 159:17-27. [PMID: 33310530 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Quinoa emerged as an ideal food security crop due to its exceptional nutritive profile and stress enduring potential and also deemed as model plant to study the salt-tolerance mechanisms. However to fill the research gaps of this imperative crop, the present work aimed to study the effect of potassium (K) deficiency either separately or in combination with salinity. First, we investigated the stomatal and physiological based variations in quinoa growth under salinity and K, then series of analytical tools were used with model approach to interpret the stomatal aperture (SA) and photosynthesis (Pn) changes. Results revealed that quinoa efficiently deployed antioxidants to scavenge the excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), had high uptake and retention of K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ with Cl⁻ as charge balancing ion, increased stomata density (SD) and declined the SA to maintain the Pn which resulted the improved growth under salinity. Whereas, K-deficiency caused the stunted growth more severally under salinity due to disruption in ionic homeostasis, excessive ROS production elicited the oxidative damages, SD and SA reduced and ultimately declined in Pn. Our best fitted regression model explored that dependent variables like Pn and SA changed according to theirs signified explanatory variables with quantification per unit based as stomatal conductance (Gs, 51), SD (0.05), ROS (-0.79) and K+ (0.08), Cl⁻ (0.34) and Na+ (- 0.52) respectively. Overall, moderate salinity promoted the quinoa growth, while K-deficiency particularly with salinity reduced the quinoa performance by affecting stomatal and non-stomatal factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Waqas
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China; Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Okara, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Chen Yaning
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China.
| | - Hassan Iqbal
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China; Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Shareef
- Cele National Station for Desert and Grassland Observation and Research, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China; Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore, Pakistan; Department of Botany, Hameeda Rasheed Institute of Science and Technology, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Hafeez Ur Rehman
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Bilal
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Okara, Punjab, Pakistan; PARC-Arid Zone Research Institute, Umerkot, Sindh, Pakistan
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17
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Ahuja I, Kissen R, Hoang L, Sporsheim B, Halle KK, Wolff SA, Ahmad SJN, Ahmad JN, Bones AM. The Imaging of Guard Cells of thioglucosidase ( tgg) Mutants of Arabidopsis Further Links Plant Chemical Defence Systems with Physical Defence Barriers. Cells 2021; 10:227. [PMID: 33503919 PMCID: PMC7911204 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The glucosinolate-myrosinase system is a well-known plant chemical defence system. Two functional myrosinase-encoding genes, THIOGLUCOSIDASE 1 (TGG1) and THIOGLUCOSIDASE 2 (TGG2), express in aerial tissues of Arabidopsis. TGG1 expresses in guard cells (GCs) and is also a highly abundant protein in GCs. Recently, by studying wild type (WT), tgg single, and double mutants, we showed a novel association between the glucosinolate-myrosinase system defence system, and a physical barrier, the cuticle. In the current study, using imaging techniques, we further analysed stomata and ultrastructure of GCs of WT, tgg1, tgg2 single, and tgg1 tgg2 double mutants. The tgg mutants showed distinctive features of GCs. The GCs of tgg1 and tgg1 tgg2 mutants showed vacuoles that had less electron-dense granular material. Both tgg single mutants had bigger stomata complexes. The WT and tgg mutants also showed variations for cell wall, chloroplasts, and starch grains of GCs. Abscisic acid (ABA)-treated stomata showed that the stomatal aperture was reduced in tgg1 single and tgg1 tgg2 double mutants. The data provides a basis to perform comprehensive further studies to find physiological and molecular mechanisms associated with ultrastructure differences in tgg mutants. We speculate that the absence of myrosinase alters the endogenous chemical composition, hence affecting the physical structure of plants and the plants' physical defence barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Ahuja
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway;
| | - Ralph Kissen
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway;
| | - Linh Hoang
- Cellular and Molecular Imaging Core Facility (CMIC), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (L.H.); (B.S.)
| | - Bjørnar Sporsheim
- Cellular and Molecular Imaging Core Facility (CMIC), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (L.H.); (B.S.)
- Central Administration, St Olavs Hospital, The University Hospital in Trondheim, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kari K. Halle
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway;
| | - Silje Aase Wolff
- National Centre for STEM Recruitment, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway;
| | - Samina Jam Nazeer Ahmad
- Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (S.J.N.A.); (J.N.A.)
- Integrated Genomics, Cellular, Developmental and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Jam Nazeer Ahmad
- Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (S.J.N.A.); (J.N.A.)
- Integrated Genomics, Cellular, Developmental and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Atle M. Bones
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway;
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18
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Agurla S, Sunitha V, Raghavendra AS. Methyl salicylate is the most effective natural salicylic acid ester to close stomata while raising reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide in Arabidopsis guard cells. Plant Physiol Biochem 2020; 157:276-283. [PMID: 33152646 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Modulation by salicylic acid (SA) and its six esters of stomatal closure was evaluated in Arabidopsis thaliana. The seven compounds tested are salicylic acid (SA), acetylsalicylate (ASA), methyl salicylate (MeSA), propyl salicylate (PrSA), amyl salicylate, benzyl salicylate, and salicin. Among these, MeSA was the most effective to induce stomatal closure, followed by salicin and SA, while ASA was the least effective. Since SA, ASA, and MeSA could modulate plant function, the effects of these three compounds on the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or nitric oxide (NO) in guard cells were studied. MeSA and SA raised the content of ROS or NO in as with ABA. The extent of ROS/NO production in response to ASA was the lowest. Reversal by cPTIO or catalase of stomatal closure by MeSA indicated the essentiality of NO and ROS for stomatal closure. Further studies revealed peroxidase as the ROS source during stomatal closure by MeSA, unlike the dominant role of NADPH oxidase in ROS production induced by ABA. The rise in NO production by ABA or MeSA was dependent on nitrate reductase and NO synthase-like enzyme. Given its most effective nature, MeSA can be an excellent tool to examine the signaling components in guard cells and other plant tissues. The ability of MeSA to induce stomatal closure is physiologically relevant because of its volatile nature, stability, and systemic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Agurla
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Vaidya Sunitha
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Agepati S Raghavendra
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India.
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19
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Feng YN, Cui JQ, Zhou T, Liu Y, Yue CP, Huang JY, Hua YP. Comprehensive dissection into morpho-physiologic responses, ionomic homeostasis, and transcriptomic profiling reveals the systematic resistance of allotetraploid rapeseed to salinity. BMC Plant Biol 2020; 20:534. [PMID: 33228523 PMCID: PMC7685620 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02734-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salinity severely inhibit crop growth, yield, and quality worldwide. Allotetraploid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), a major glycophyte oil crop, is susceptible to salinity. Understanding the physiological and molecular strategies of rapeseed salinity resistance is a promising and cost-effective strategy for developing highly resistant cultivars. RESULTS First, early leaf senescence was identified and root system growth was inhibited in rapeseed plants under severe salinity conditions. Electron microscopic analysis revealed that 200 mM NaCl induced fewer leaf trichomes and stoma, cell plasmolysis, and chloroplast degradation. Primary and secondary metabolite assays showed that salinity led to an obviously increased anthocyanin, osmoregulatory substances, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, pectin, cellulose, reactive oxygen species, and antioxidant activity, and resulted in markedly decreased photosynthetic pigments, indoleacetic acid, cytokinin, gibberellin, and lignin. ICP-MS assisted ionomics showed that salinity significantly constrained the absorption of essential elements, including the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, mangnese, copper, zinc, and boron nutrients, and induced the increase in the sodium/potassium ratio. Genome-wide transcriptomics revealed that the differentially expressed genes were involved mainly in photosynthesis, stimulus response, hormone signal biosynthesis/transduction, and nutrient transport under salinity. CONCLUSIONS The high-resolution salt-responsive gene expression profiling helped the efficient characterization of central members regulating plant salinity resistance. These findings might enhance integrated comprehensive understanding of the morpho-physiologic and molecular responses to salinity and provide elite genetic resources for the genetic modification of salinity-resistant crop species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-na Feng
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 China
| | - Jia-qian Cui
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 China
| | - Ting Zhou
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 China
| | - Cai-peng Yue
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 China
| | - Jin-yong Huang
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 China
| | - Ying-peng Hua
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 China
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20
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Gong C, Shi C, Ding X, Liu C, Li J. Hydrogen sulfide induces Ca 2+ signal in guard cells by regulating reactive oxygen species accumulation. Plant Signal Behav 2020; 15:1805228. [PMID: 32772870 PMCID: PMC7588180 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1805228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important gas signal molecule, but little is known about its signal mechanism. Ca2+ is an important second messenger in plant cells, and its fluctuation in the cytoplasm causes downstream physiological responses. Our previous study found that H2S can induce the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). We also found that reactive oxygen species (ROS) can further induce the Ca2+ influx in guard cells by noninvasive micro-teat technology (NMT). This study confirmed that the accumulation of reactive oxygen species to induce Ca2+ signal in guard cells, resulting in stomatal closure. Thus, revealing a novel mechanism of H2S promoting stomatal closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Gong
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cong Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xueting Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cuixia Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jisheng Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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21
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Wang W, Chen Q, Xu S, Liu W, Zhu X, Song C. Trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase E modulates ABA-controlled root growth and stomatal movement in Arabidopsis. J Integr Plant Biol 2020; 62:1518-1534. [PMID: 32167237 PMCID: PMC7586804 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose plays important roles in plant growth and stress responses and is synthesized from trehalose-6-phosphate by trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP). Here, we show that trehalose and abscisic acid (ABA) have synergistic effects on root growth and stomatal closure. The Arabidopsis thaliana genome contains ten genes encoding TPPs and the expression level of one, TPPE, and trehalose contents increased in response to ABA. In the presence of ABA, the ABA-responsive transcription factor ABA RESPONSE ELEMENT BINDING FACTOR2 (ABF2) directly binds to the TPPE promoter to activate its expression. Genetic analysis revealed that TPPE acts downstream of ABF2, which is supported by the findings that TPPE expression and trehalose content are reduced in the abf2 mutant and that a mutation in TPPE abolished the ABA-sensitive root elongation phenotype of 35S:ABF2 plants. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in response to ABA failed to occur in tppe mutant plants, suggesting that TPPE is involved in ABA-controlled root elongation and stomatal movement by inducing ROS accumulation. This study uncovers a new branch of the ABA signaling pathway and provides a molecular basis for the role of trehalose in plant responses to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng475001China
- Department of Biology and Food ScienceShangqiu Normal UniversityShangqiu476000China
| | - Qingbin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng475001China
| | - Shouming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng475001China
| | - Wen‐Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng475001China
| | - Xiaohong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng475001China
| | - Chun‐Peng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng475001China
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22
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Ausma T, Mulder J, Polman TR, van der Kooi CJ, De Kok LJ. Atmospheric H 2S exposure does not affect stomatal aperture in maize. Planta 2020; 252:63. [PMID: 32968882 PMCID: PMC7511280 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03463-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Stomatal aperture in maize is not affected by exposure to a subtoxic concentration of atmospheric H2S. At least in maize, H2S, thus, is not a gaseous signal molecule that controls stomatal aperture. Sulfur is an indispensable element for the physiological functioning of plants with hydrogen sulfide (H2S) potentially acting as gasotransmitter in the regulation of stomatal aperture. It is often assumed that H2S is metabolized into cysteine to stimulate stomatal closure. To study the significance of H2S for the regulation of stomatal closure, maize was exposed to a subtoxic atmospheric H2S level in the presence or absence of a sulfate supply to the root. Similar to other plants, maize could use H2S as a sulfur source for growth. Whereas sulfate-deprived plants had a lower biomass than sulfate-sufficient plants, exposure to H2S alleviated this growth reduction. Shoot sulfate, glutathione, and cysteine levels were significantly higher in H2S-fumigated plants compared to non-fumigated plants. Nevertheless, this was not associated with changes in the leaf area, stomatal density, stomatal resistance, and transpiration rate of plants, meaning that H2S exposure did not affect the transpiration rate per stoma. Hence, it did not affect stomatal aperture, indicating that, at least in maize, H2S is not a gaseous signal molecule controlling this aperture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ties Ausma
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Jeffrey Mulder
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas R Polman
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Casper J van der Kooi
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Luit J De Kok
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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23
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Shohat H, Illouz-Eliaz N, Kanno Y, Seo M, Weiss D. The Tomato DELLA Protein PROCERA Promotes Abscisic Acid Responses in Guard Cells by Upregulating an Abscisic Acid Transporter. Plant Physiol 2020; 184:518-528. [PMID: 32576645 PMCID: PMC7479916 DOI: 10.1104/pp.20.00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Plants reduce transpiration through stomatal closure to avoid drought stress. While abscisic acid (ABA) has a central role in the regulation of stomatal closure under water-deficit conditions, we demonstrated in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) that a gibberellin response inhibitor, the DELLA protein PROCERA (PRO), promotes ABA-induced stomatal closure and gene transcription in guard cells. To study how PRO affects stomatal closure, we performed RNA-sequencing analysis of isolated guard cells and identified the ABA transporters ABA-IMPORTING TRANSPORTER1 1 (AIT1 1) and AIT1 2, also called NITRATE TRANSPORTER1/PTR TRANSPORTER FAMILY4 6 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), as being upregulated by PRO. Tomato has four AIT1 genes, but only AIT1 1 and AIT1 2 were upregulated by PRO, and only AIT1 1 exhibited high expression in guard cells. Functional analysis of AIT1 1 in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) confirmed its activity as an ABA transporter, possibly an importer. A clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-Cas9-derived ait1 1 mutant exhibited an increased transpiration, a larger stomatal aperture, and a reduced stomatal response to ABA. Moreover, ait1 1 suppressed the promoting effects of PRO on ABA-induced stomatal closure and gene expression in guard cells, suggesting that the effects of PRO on stomatal aperture and transpiration are AIT1.1-dependent. Previous studies suggest a negative crosstalk between gibberellin and ABA that is mediated by changes in hormone biosynthesis and signaling. The results of this study suggest this crosstalk is also mediated by changes in hormone transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagai Shohat
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Natanella Illouz-Eliaz
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yuri Kanno
- Dormancy and Adaptation Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Seo
- Dormancy and Adaptation Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - David Weiss
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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24
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Guzman AR, Kim JG, Taylor KW, Lanver D, Mudgett MB. Tomato Atypical Receptor Kinase1 Is Involved in the Regulation of Preinvasion Defense. Plant Physiol 2020; 183:1306-1318. [PMID: 32385090 PMCID: PMC7333691 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.01400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Tomato Atypical Receptor Kinase 1 (TARK1) is a pseudokinase required for postinvasion immunity. TARK1 was originally identified as a target of the Xanthomonas euvesicatoria effector protein Xanthomonas outer protein N (XopN), a suppressor of early defense signaling. How TARK1 participates in immune signal transduction is not well understood. To gain insight into TARK1's role in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) immunity, we used a proteomics approach to isolate and identify TARK1-associated immune complexes formed during infection. We found that TARK1 interacts with proteins predicted to be associated with stomatal movement. TARK1 CRISPR mutants and overexpression (OE) lines did not display differences in light-induced stomatal opening or abscisic acid-induced stomatal closure; however, they did show altered stomatal movement responses to bacteria and biotic elicitors. Notably, we found that TARK1 CRISPR plants were resistant to Pseudomonas syringae pathovar tomato strain DC3000-induced stomatal reopening, and TARK1 OE plants were insensitive to P syringae pathovar tomato strain DC3118 (coronatine deficit)-induced stomatal closure. We also found that TARK1 OE in leaves resulted in increased susceptibility to bacterial invasion. Collectively, our results indicate that TARK1 functions in stomatal movement only in response to biotic elicitors and support a model in which TARK1 regulates stomatal opening postelicitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Guzman
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5020
| | - Jung-Gun Kim
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5020
| | - Kyle W Taylor
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5020
| | - Daniel Lanver
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5020
| | - Mary Beth Mudgett
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5020
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25
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Zhu K, Wang A, Wu J, Yuan F, Guan D, Jin C, Zhang Y, Gong C. Effects of nitrogen additions on mesophyll and stomatal conductance in Manchurian ash and Mongolian oak. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10038. [PMID: 32572068 PMCID: PMC7308411 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66886-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The response of plant CO2 diffusion conductances (mesophyll and stomatal conductances, gm and gsc) to soil drought has been widely studied, but few studies have investigated the effects of soil nitrogen addition levels on gm and gsc. In this study, we investigated the responses of gm and gsc of Manchurian ash and Mongolian oak to four soil nitrogen addition levels (control, low nitrogen, medium nitrogen and high nitrogen) and the changes in leaf anatomy and associated enzyme activities (aquaporin (AQP) and carbonic anhydrase (CA)). Both gm and gsc increased with the soil nitrogen addition levels for both species, but then decreased under the high nitrogen addition level, which primarily resulted from the enlargements in leaf and mesophyll cell thicknesses, mesophyll surface area exposed to intercellular space per unit leaf area and stomatal opening status with soil nitrogen addition. Additionally, the improvements in leaf N content and AQP and CA activities also significantly promoted gm and gsc increases. The addition of moderate levels of soil nitrogen had notably positive effects on CO2 diffusion conductance in leaf anatomy and physiology in Manchurian ash and Mongolian oak, but these positive effects were weakened with the addition of high levels of soil nitrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Anzhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jiabing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Fenghui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Dexin Guan
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Changjie Jin
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yushu Zhang
- The Institute of Atmospheric Environment, China Meteorological Administration, Shenyang, 110166, China
| | - Chunjuan Gong
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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26
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Bian C, Guo X, Zhang Y, Wang L, Xu T, DeLong A, Dong J. Protein phosphatase 2A promotes stomatal development by stabilizing SPEECHLESS in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:13127-13137. [PMID: 32434921 PMCID: PMC7293623 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1912075117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Stomatal guard cells control gas exchange that allows plant photosynthesis but limits water loss from plants to the environment. In Arabidopsis, stomatal development is mainly controlled by a signaling pathway comprising peptide ligands, membrane receptors, a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, and a set of transcription factors. The initiation of the stomatal lineage requires the activity of the bHLH transcription factor SPEECHLESS (SPCH) with its partners. Multiple kinases were found to regulate SPCH protein stability and function through phosphorylation, yet no antagonistic protein phosphatase activities have been identified. Here, we identify the conserved PP2A phosphatases as positive regulators of Arabidopsis stomatal development. We show that mutations in genes encoding PP2A subunits result in lowered stomatal production in Arabidopsis Genetic analyses place the PP2A function upstream of SPCH. Pharmacological treatments support a role for PP2A in promoting SPCH protein stability. We further find that SPCH directly binds to the PP2A-A subunits in vitro. In plants, nonphosphorylatable SPCH proteins are less affected by PP2A activity levels. Thus, our research suggests that PP2A may function to regulate the phosphorylation status of the master transcription factor SPCH in stomatal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Bian
- The Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - Xiaoyu Guo
- The Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - Yi Zhang
- The Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University-Joint Centre, Horticulture and Metabolic Biology Centre, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Wang
- The Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - Tongda Xu
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University-Joint Centre, Horticulture and Metabolic Biology Centre, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Alison DeLong
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
| | - Juan Dong
- The Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854;
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
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27
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Rhaman MS, Nakamura T, Nakamura Y, Munemasa S, Murata Y. The Myrosinases TGG1 and TGG2 Function Redundantly in Reactive Carbonyl Species Signaling in Arabidopsis Guard Cells. Plant Cell Physiol 2020; 61:967-977. [PMID: 32145024 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Myrosinase (β-thioglucoside glucohydrolase, enzyme nomenclature, EC 3.2.1.147, TGG) is a highly abundant protein in Arabidopsis guard cells, of which TGG1 and TGG2 function redundantly in abscisic acid (ABA)- and methyl jasmonate-induced stomatal closure. Reactive carbonyl species (RCS) are α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones, which function downstream of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the ABA signalling pathway in guard cells. Among the RCS, acrolein is the most highly reactive, which is significantly produced in ABA-treated guard cells. To clarify the ABA signal pathway downstream of ROS production, we investigated the responses of tgg mutants (tgg1-3, tgg2-1 and tgg1-3 tgg2-1) to acrolein. Acrolein induced stomatal closure and triggered cytosolic alkalization in wild type (WT), tgg1-3 single mutants and in tgg2-1 single mutants, but not in tgg1-3 tgg2-1 double mutants. Exogenous Ca2+ induced stomatal closure and cytosolic alkalization not only in WT but also in all of the mutants. Acrolein- and Ca2+-induced stomatal closures were inhibited by an intracellular acidifying agent, butyrate, a Ca2+ chelator, ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA) and a Ca2+ channel blocker, LaCl3. Acrolein induced cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) elevation in guard cells of WT plants but not in the tgg1-3 tgg2-1 double mutants. Exogenous Ca2+ elicited [Ca2+]cyt elevation in guard cells of WT and tgg1-3 tgg2-1. Our results suggest that TGG1 and TGG2 function redundantly, not between ROS production and RCS production, but downstream of RCS production in the ABA signal pathway in Arabidopsis guard cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Saidur Rhaman
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Okayama, 700-8530 Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Nakamura
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Okayama, 700-8530 Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Nakamura
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Okayama, 700-8530 Japan
| | - Shintaro Munemasa
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Okayama, 700-8530 Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Murata
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Okayama, 700-8530 Japan
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28
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Jin D, Wang X, Xu Y, Gui H, Zhang H, Dong Q, Sikder RK, Yang G, Song M. Chemical Defoliant Promotes Leaf Abscission by Altering ROS Metabolism and Photosynthetic Efficiency in Gossypium hirsutum. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082738. [PMID: 32326540 PMCID: PMC7215509 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical defoliation is an important part of cotton mechanical harvesting, which can effectively reduce the impurity content. Thidiazuron (TDZ) is the most used chemical defoliant on cotton. To better clarify the mechanism of TDZ promoting cotton leaf abscission, a greenhouse experiment was conducted on two cotton cultivars (CRI 12 and CRI 49) by using 100 mg L−1 TDZ at the eight-true-leaf stage. Results showed that TDZ significantly promoted the formation of leaf abscission zone and leaf abscission. Although the antioxidant enzyme activities were improved, the reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents of TDZ increased significantly compared with CK (water). The photosynthesis system was destroyed as net photosynthesis (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), and stomatal conductance (Gs) decreased dramatically by TDZ. Furthermore, comparative RNA-seq analysis of the leaves showed that all of the photosynthetic related genes were downregulated and the oxidation-reduction process participated in leaf shedding caused by TDZ. Consequently, a hypothesis involving possible cross-talk between ROS metabolism and photosynthesis jointly regulating cotton leaf abscission is proposed. Our findings not only provide important insights into leaf shedding-associated changes induced by TDZ in cotton, but also highlight the possibility that the ROS and photosynthesis may play a critical role in the organ shedding process in other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingsha Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (D.J.); (X.W.); (Y.X.); (H.G.); (H.Z.); (Q.D.); (R.K.S.)
| | - Xiangru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (D.J.); (X.W.); (Y.X.); (H.G.); (H.Z.); (Q.D.); (R.K.S.)
| | - Yanchao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (D.J.); (X.W.); (Y.X.); (H.G.); (H.Z.); (Q.D.); (R.K.S.)
| | - Huiping Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (D.J.); (X.W.); (Y.X.); (H.G.); (H.Z.); (Q.D.); (R.K.S.)
| | - Hengheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (D.J.); (X.W.); (Y.X.); (H.G.); (H.Z.); (Q.D.); (R.K.S.)
| | - Qiang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (D.J.); (X.W.); (Y.X.); (H.G.); (H.Z.); (Q.D.); (R.K.S.)
| | - Ripon Kumar Sikder
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (D.J.); (X.W.); (Y.X.); (H.G.); (H.Z.); (Q.D.); (R.K.S.)
| | - Guozheng Yang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-physiology and Farming system in the Middle Reaches of Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China
- Correspondence: (G.Y.); (M.S.); Tel.: +86-0372-2562308 (M.S.)
| | - Meizhen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (D.J.); (X.W.); (Y.X.); (H.G.); (H.Z.); (Q.D.); (R.K.S.)
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Correspondence: (G.Y.); (M.S.); Tel.: +86-0372-2562308 (M.S.)
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Li JG, Fan M, Hua W, Tian Y, Chen LG, Sun Y, Bai MY. Brassinosteroid and Hydrogen Peroxide Interdependently Induce Stomatal Opening by Promoting Guard Cell Starch Degradation. Plant Cell 2020; 32:984-999. [PMID: 32051210 PMCID: PMC7145500 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Starch is the major storage carbohydrate in plants and functions in buffering carbon and energy availability for plant fitness with challenging environmental conditions. The timing and extent of starch degradation appear to be determined by diverse hormonal and environmental signals; however, our understanding of the regulation of starch metabolism is fragmentary. Here, we demonstrate that the phytohormone brassinosteroid (BR) and redox signal hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induce the breakdown of starch in guard cells, which promotes stomatal opening. The BR-insensitive mutant bri1-116 accumulated high levels of starch in guard cells, impairing stomatal opening in response to light. The gain-of-function mutant bzr1-1D suppressed the starch excess phenotype of bri1-116, thereby promoting stomatal opening. BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT1 (BZR1) interacts with the basic leucine zipper transcription factor G-BOX BINDING FACTOR2 (GBF2) to promote the expression of β-AMYLASE1 (BAM1), which is responsible for starch degradation in guard cells. H2O2 induces BZR1 oxidation, enhancing the interaction between BZR1 and GBF2 to increase BAM1 transcription. Mutations in BAM1 lead to starch accumulation and reduce the effects of BR and H2O2 on stomatal opening. Overall, this study uncovers the critical roles of BR and H2O2 in regulating guard cell starch metabolism and stomatal opening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ge Li
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, 266237, Qingdao, China
| | - Min Fan
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, 266237, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenbo Hua
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, 266237, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanchen Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, 266237, Qingdao, China
| | - Lian-Ge Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Normal University, 050024, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, 050024, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Normal University, 050024, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, 050024, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ming-Yi Bai
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, 266237, Qingdao, China
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30
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Dai L, Li J, Harmens H, Zheng X, Zhang C. Melatonin enhances drought resistance by regulating leaf stomatal behaviour, root growth and catalase activity in two contrasting rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) genotypes. Plant Physiol Biochem 2020; 149:86-95. [PMID: 32058897 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Two contrasting rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) genotypes, Qinyou 8 (drought-sensitive) and Q2 (drought-tolerant), were studied under drought stress with or without pretreatment with melatonin to (i) explore whether melatonin enhances drought resistance by regulating root growth and (ii) determine the relationship between the belowground and aboveground responses to melatonin under drought stress. Results show that the light-saturated rate of photosynthesis (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), water use efficiency (WUE) and chlorophyll content were decreased by drought for Qinyou 8, whereas drought only decreased Pn and chlorophyll content for Q2. Drought decreased actual photochemical efficiency in saturated light (Fv'/Fm'), actual photochemical efficiency (PhiPSⅡ), quenching of photochemical efficiency (qL) and electron transport rate (ETR) in Qinyou 8. However drought only decreased Fv'/Fm' and qL in Q2. Drought increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents in the roots of both genotypes. Melatonin had no significant additional effects on root guaiacol peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, but enhanced root catalase (CAT) activity of droughted plants further. Melatonin promoted taproot and lateral root growth under drought stress. Melatonin also promoted stomatal opening resulting in enhanced photosynthesis in the two genotypes. The two mechanisms induced by melatonin synergistically enhance drought resistance of rapeseed as indicated by enhanced gas exchange parameters under melatonin pretreatment. The findings provide evidence for a physiological role of melatonin in improving drought resistance, especially in belowground parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Dai
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Haidian Distract, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan Disctrict, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jun Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Harry Harmens
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW, UK
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Changcheng Road 700, Chengyang District, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China.
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31
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Zhang J, Zhou M, Ge Z, Shen J, Zhou C, Gotor C, Romero LC, Duan X, Liu X, Wu D, Yin X, Xie Y. Abscisic acid-triggered guard cell l-cysteine desulfhydrase function and in situ hydrogen sulfide production contributes to heme oxygenase-modulated stomatal closure. Plant Cell Environ 2020; 43:624-636. [PMID: 31734942 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) produced through the activity of l-cysteine desulfhydrase (DES1) is an important gaseous signaling molecule in plants that could participate in abscisic acid (ABA)-induced stomatal closure. However, the coupling of the DES1/H2 S signaling pathways to guard cell movement has not been thoroughly elucidated. The results presented here provide genetic evidence for a physiologically relevant signaling pathway that governs guard cell in situ DES1/H2 S function in stomatal closure. We discovered that ABA-activated DES1 produces H2 S in guard cells. The impaired guard cell ABA phenotype of the des1 mutant can be fully complemented when DES1/H2 S function has been specifically rescued in guard cells and epidermal cells, but not mesophyll cells. This research further characterized DES1/H2 S function in the regulation of LONG HYPOCOTYL1 (HY1, a member of the heme oxygenase family) signaling. ABA-induced DES1 expression and H2 S production are hyper-activated in the hy1 mutant, both of which can be fully abolished by the addition of H2 S scavenger. Impaired guard cell ABA phenotype of des1/hy1 can be restored by H2 S donors. Taken together, this research indicated that guard cell in situ DES1 function is involved in ABA-induced stomatal closure, which also acts as a pivotal hub in regulating HY1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjian Zhou
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenglin Ge
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Shen
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Zhou
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Cecilia Gotor
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Luis C Romero
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Xingliang Duan
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong Province, Life Science College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Deliang Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianchao Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjie Xie
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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32
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Arruebarrena Di Palma A, Di Fino LM, Salvatore SR, D'Ambrosio JM, García-Mata C, Schopfer FJ, Laxalt AM. Nitro-oleic acid triggers ROS production via NADPH oxidase activation in plants: A pharmacological approach. J Plant Physiol 2020; 246-247:153128. [PMID: 32065921 PMCID: PMC7153499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Nitrated fatty acids (NO2-FAs) are important signaling molecules in mammals. NO2-FAs are formed by the addition reaction of nitric oxide- and nitrite-derived nitrogen dioxide with unsaturated fatty acid double bonds. The study of NO2-FAs in plant systems constitutes an interesting and emerging area. The presence of NO2-FA has been reported in olives, peas, rice and Arabidopsis. To gain a better understanding of the role of NO2-FA on plant physiology, we analyzed the effects of exogenous application of nitro-oleic acid (NO2-OA). In tomato cell suspensions we found that NO2-OA induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in a dose-dependent manner via activation of NADPH oxidases, a mechanism that requires calcium entry from the extracellular compartment and protein kinase activation. In tomato and Arabidopsis leaves, NO2-OA treatments induced two waves of ROS production, resembling plant defense responses. Arabidopsis NADPH oxidase mutants showed that NADPH isoform D (RBOHD) was required for NO2-OA-induced ROS production. In addition, on Arabidopsis isolated epidermis, NO2-OA induced stomatal closure via RBOHD and F. Altogether, these results indicate that NO2-OA triggers NADPH oxidase activation revealing a new signaling role in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Arruebarrena Di Palma
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Luciano M Di Fino
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Sonia R Salvatore
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Juan Martín D'Ambrosio
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Carlos García-Mata
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Francisco J Schopfer
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Ana M Laxalt
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina.
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Lawrence SR, Gaitens M, Guan Q, Dufresne C, Chen S. S-Nitroso-Proteome Revealed in Stomatal Guard Cell Response to Flg22. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051688. [PMID: 32121556 PMCID: PMC7084773 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in stomata closure induced by environmental stimuli including pathogens. During pathogen challenge, nitric oxide (NO) acts as a second messenger in guard cell signaling networks to activate downstream responses leading to stomata closure. One means by which NO’s action is achieved is through the posttranslational modification of cysteine residue(s) of target proteins. Although the roles of NO have been well studied in plant tissues and seedlings, far less is known about NO signaling and, more specifically, protein S-nitrosylation (SNO) in stomatal guard cells. In this study, using iodoTMTRAQ quantitative proteomics technology, we analyzed changes in protein SNO modification in guard cells of reference plant Arabidopsis thaliana in response to flg22, an elicitor-active peptide derived from bacterial flagellin. A total of 41 SNO-modified peptides corresponding to 35 proteins were identified. The proteins cover a wide range of functions, including energy metabolism, transport, stress response, photosynthesis, and cell–cell communication. This study creates the first inventory of previously unknown NO responsive proteins in guard cell immune responses and establishes a foundation for future research toward understanding the molecular mechanisms and regulatory roles of SNO in stomata immunity against bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheldon R. Lawrence
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
- Department of Biology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (M.G.); (Q.G.)
| | - Meghan Gaitens
- Department of Biology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (M.G.); (Q.G.)
| | - Qijie Guan
- Department of Biology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (M.G.); (Q.G.)
| | - Craig Dufresne
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, 1400 Northpoint Parkway, West Palm Beach, FL 33407, USA;
| | - Sixue Chen
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
- Department of Biology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (M.G.); (Q.G.)
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Correspondence:
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34
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Hoshika Y, Fares S, Pellegrini E, Conte A, Paoletti E. Water use strategy affects avoidance of ozone stress by stomatal closure in Mediterranean trees-A modelling analysis. Plant Cell Environ 2020; 43:611-623. [PMID: 31834637 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Both ozone (O3 ) and drought can limit carbon fixation by forest trees. To cope with drought stress, plants have isohydric or anisohydric water use strategies. Ozone enters plant tissues through stomata. Therefore, stomatal closure can be interpreted as avoidance to O3 stress. Here, we applied an optimization model of stomata involving water, CO2 , and O3 flux to test whether isohydric and anisohydric strategies may affect avoidance of O3 stress by stomatal closure in four Mediterranean tree species during drought. The data suggest that stomatal closure represents a response to avoid damage to the photosynthetic mechanisms under elevated O3 depending on plant water use strategy. Under high-O3 and well-watered conditions, isohydric species limited O3 fluxes by stomatal closure, whereas anisohydric species activated a tolerance response and did not actively close stomata. Under both O3 and drought stress, however, anisohydric species enhanced the capacity of avoidance by closing stomata to cope with the severe oxidative stress. In the late growing season, regardless of the water use strategy, the efficiency of O3 stress avoidance decreased with leaf ageing. As a result, carbon assimilation rate was decreased by O3 while stomata did not close enough to limit transpirational water losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasutomo Hoshika
- Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Silvano Fares
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Forestry and Wood, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Pellegrini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- CIRSEC, Centre for Climatic Change Impact, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Adriano Conte
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Forestry and Wood, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Paoletti
- Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Biel A, Moser M, Meier I. A Role for Plant KASH Proteins in Regulating Stomatal Dynamics. Plant Physiol 2020; 182:1100-1113. [PMID: 31767690 PMCID: PMC6997697 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Stomatal movement, which regulates gas exchange in plants, is controlled by a variety of environmental factors, including biotic and abiotic stresses. The stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA) initiates a signaling cascade, which leads to increased H2O2 and Ca2+ levels and F-actin reorganization, but the mechanism of, and connection between, these events is unclear. SINE1, an outer nuclear envelope component of a plant Linker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton complex, associates with F-actin and is, along with its putative paralog SINE2, expressed in guard cells. Here, we have determined that Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) SINE1 and SINE2 play an important role in stomatal opening and closing. Loss of SINE1 or SINE2 results in ABA hyposensitivity and impaired stomatal dynamics but does not affect stomatal closure induced by the bacterial elicitor flg22. The ABA-induced stomatal closure phenotype is, in part, attributed to impairments in Ca2+ and F-actin regulation. Together, the data suggest that SINE1 and SINE2 act downstream of ABA but upstream of Ca2+ and F-actin. While there is a large degree of functional overlap between the two proteins, there are also critical differences. Our study makes an unanticipated connection between stomatal regulation and nuclear envelope-associated proteins, and adds two new players to the increasingly complex system of guard cell regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alecia Biel
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Morgan Moser
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Iris Meier
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
- Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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Batke SP, Yiotis C, Elliott-Kingston C, Holohan A, McElwain J. Plant responses to decadal scale increments in atmospheric CO 2 concentration: comparing two stomatal conductance sampling methods. Planta 2020; 251:52. [PMID: 31950281 PMCID: PMC6965045 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03343-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that the species respond non-linearly to increases in CO2 concentration when exposed to decadal changes in CO2, representing the year 1987, 2025, 2051, and 2070, respectively. There are several lines of evidence suggesting that the vast majority of C3 plants respond to elevated atmospheric CO2 by decreasing their stomatal conductance (gs). However, in the majority of CO2 enrichment studies, the response to elevated CO2 are tested between plants grown under ambient (380-420 ppm) and high (538-680 ppm) CO2 concentrations and measured usually at single time points in a diurnal cycle. We investigated gs responses to simulated decadal increments in CO2 predicted over the next 4 decades and tested how measurements of gs may differ when two alternative sampling methods are employed (infrared gas analyzer [IRGA] vs. leaf porometer). We exposed Populus tremula, Popolus tremuloides and Sambucus racemosa to four different CO2 concentrations over 126 days in experimental growth chambers at 350, 420, 490 and 560 ppm CO2; representing the years 1987, 2025, 2051, and 2070, respectively (RCP4.5 scenario). Our study demonstrated that the species respond non-linearly to increases in CO2 concentration when exposed to decadal changes in CO2. Under natural conditions, maximum operational gs is often reached in the late morning to early afternoon, with a mid-day depression around noon. However, we showed that the daily maximum gs can, in some species, shift later into the day when plants are exposed to only small increases (70 ppm) in CO2. A non-linear decreases in gs and a shifting diurnal stomatal behavior under elevated CO2, could affect the long-term daily water and carbon budget of many plants in the future, and therefore alter soil-plant-atmospheric processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Peter Batke
- Biology Department, Edge Hill University, St. Helen's Road, Ormskirk, L39 4QP, UK.
| | - Charilaos Yiotis
- Botany Department, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Caroline Elliott-Kingston
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Stillorgan Road, Belfield, Dublin 4, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aidan Holohan
- School Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Stillorgan Road, Belfield, Dublin 4, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jennifer McElwain
- Botany Department, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland
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Landi M, Araniti F, Flamini G, Piccolo EL, Trivellini A, Abenavoli MR, Guidi L. "Help is in the air": volatiles from salt-stressed plants increase the reproductive success of receivers under salinity. Planta 2020; 251:48. [PMID: 31932951 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03344-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Salinity alters VOC profile in emitter sweet basil plants. Airborne signals by emitter plants promote earlier flowering of receivers and increase their reproductive success under salinity. Airborne signals can prime neighboring plants against pathogen and/or herbivore attacks, whilst little is known about the possibility that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by stressed plants alert neighboring plants against abiotic stressors. Salt stress (50 mM NaCl) was imposed on Ocimum basilicum L. plants (emitters, namely NaCl), and a putative alerting-priming interaction was tested on neighboring basil plants (receivers, namely NaCl-S). Compared with the receivers, the NaCl plants exhibited reduced biomass, lower photosynthesis, and changes in the VOC profile, which are common early responses of plants to salinity. In contrast, NaCl-S plants had physiological parameters similar to those of nonsalted plants (C), but exhibited a different VOC fingerprint, which overlapped, for most compounds, with that of emitters. NaCl-S plants exposed later to NaCl treatment (namely NaCl-S + NaCl) exhibited changes in the VOC profile, earlier plant senescence, earlier flowering, and higher seed yield than C + NaCl plants. This experiment offers the evidence that (1) NaCl-triggered VOCs promote metabolic changes in NaCl-S plants, which, finally, increase reproductive success and (2) the differences in VOC profiles observed between emitters and receivers subjected to salinity raise the question whether the receivers are able to "propagate" the warning signal triggered by VOCs in neighboring companions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Landi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
- CIRSEC, Centre for Climatic Change Impact, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Fabrizio Araniti
- Department of Agraria, University 'Mediterranea' of Reggio Calabria, località Feo di Vito, 89122, Reggio Calabria, RC, Italy
| | - Guido Flamini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ermes Lo Piccolo
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alice Trivellini
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Via Santa Cecilia 3, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Abenavoli
- Department of Agraria, University 'Mediterranea' of Reggio Calabria, località Feo di Vito, 89122, Reggio Calabria, RC, Italy
| | - Lucia Guidi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
- CIRSEC, Centre for Climatic Change Impact, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
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Deng G, Zhou L, Wang Y, Zhang G, Chen X. Hydrogen sulfide acts downstream of jasmonic acid to inhibit stomatal development in Arabidopsis. Planta 2020; 251:42. [PMID: 31907619 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03334-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Main conclusion: Jasmonic acid (JA) negatively regulates stomatal development by promoting LCD expression and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) biosynthesis. H2S inhibits the initiation of stomata formation and acts upstream of SPEECHLESS. Abstract: Stomatal development is strictly regulated by endogenous signals and environmental cues. We recently revealed that jasmonic acid (JA) negatively regulates stomatal development in Arabidopsis thaliana cotyledons (Han et al., Plant Physiol 176:2871-2885, 2018), but the underlying molecular mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we uncovered a role for H2S in regulating stomatal development. The H2S scavenger hypotaurine reversed the JA-induced repression of stomatal development in the epidermis of wild-type Arabidopsis. The H2S-deficient mutant lcd displayed increased stomatal density and stomatal index values, which were rescued by treatment with sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS; an H2S donor) but not JA, suggesting that JA-mediated repression of stomatal development is dependent on H2S biosynthesis. The high stomatal density of JA-deficient mutants was rescued by exogenous NaHS treatment. Further analysis indicated that JA positively regulates LCD expression, L-cysteine desulfhydrases (L-CDes) activity, and endogenous H2S content. Furthermore, H2S represses the expression of stomate-associated genes and functions downstream of stomate-related signaling pathway components TOO MANY MOUTHS (TMM) and STOMATAL DENSITY AND DISTRIBUTION1 (SDD1) and upstream of SPEECHLESS (SPCH). Therefore, H2S acts downstream of JA signaling to regulate stomatal development in Arabidopsis cotyledons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guobin Deng
- Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, Yunnan, China
| | - Lijuan Zhou
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, Yunnan, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, China
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Gensong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaolan Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, China.
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Hoshika Y, De Carlo A, Baraldi R, Neri L, Carrari E, Agathokleous E, Zhang L, Fares S, Paoletti E. Ozone-induced impairment of night-time stomatal closure in O 3-sensitive poplar clone is affected by nitrogen but not by phosphorus enrichment. Sci Total Environ 2019; 692:713-722. [PMID: 31539979 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nocturnal transpiration may be a key factor influencing water use in plants. Tropospheric ozone (O3) and availability of nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in the soil can affect daytime water use through stomata, but the combined effects of O3, N and P on night-time stomatal conductance (gs) are not known. We investigated the effects of O3 and soil availability of N and P on nocturnal gs and the dynamics of stomatal response after leaf severing in an O3-sensitive poplar clone (Oxford) subjected to combined treatments over a growing season in an O3 free air controlled exposure (FACE) facility. The treatments were two soil N levels (0 and 80 kg N ha-1; N0 and N80), three soil P levels (0, 40 and 80 kg P ha-1; P0, P40 and P80) and three O3 levels (ambient concentration, AA [35.0 ppb as hourly mean]; 1.5 × AA; 2.0 × AA). The analysis of stomatal dynamics after leaf severing suggested that O3 impaired stomatal closure execution. As a result, nocturnal gs was increased by 2.0 × AA O3 in August (+39%) and September (+108%). Night-time gs was correlated with POD0 (phytotoxic O3 dose) and increased exponentially after 40 mmol m-2 POD0. Such increase of nocturnal gs was attributed to the emission of ethylene due to 2.0 × AA O3 exposure, while foliar abscisic acid (ABA) or indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) did not affect gs at night. Interestingly, the O3-induced stomatal opening at night was limited by N treatments in August, but not limited in September. Phosphorus decreased nocturnal gs, although P did not modify the O3-induced stomatal dysfunction. The results suggest that the increased nocturnal gs may be associated with a need to improve N acquisition to cope with O3 stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasutomo Hoshika
- Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri (IRET), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Anna De Carlo
- Istituto di Bioeconomia (IBE), National Research Council (CNR), via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Rita Baraldi
- Istituto di Bioeconomia (IBE), National Research Council (CNR), Via P. Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Luisa Neri
- Istituto di Bioeconomia (IBE), National Research Council (CNR), Via P. Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Carrari
- Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri (IRET), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- Institute of Ecology, Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), Nanjing, Jiangsu 210044, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Changjiang Road 600, 150030 Harbin, China
| | - Silvano Fares
- Research Centre for Forestry and Wood, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Roma, Italy
| | - Elena Paoletti
- Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri (IRET), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Li J, Zhang GZ, Li X, Wang Y, Wang FZ, Li XM. Seasonal change in response of stomatal conductance to vapor pressure deficit and three phytohormones in three tree species. Plant Signal Behav 2019; 14:1682341. [PMID: 31668123 PMCID: PMC6866701 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2019.1682341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Stomatal behavior under global climate change is a central topic of plant ecophysiological research. Vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and phytohormones can affect stomata of leaves which can affect gas exchange characteristics of plant. The role of VPD in regulating leaf gas exchange of three tree species was investigated in Jinan, China. Experiments were performed in June, August, and October. Levels of three phytohormones (GA3, IAA, ABA) in the leaves of the three trees were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography in three seasons. The responses of stomatal conductance (gs) to an increasing VPD in the leaves of the three trees had peak curves under different seasons, which differed from the prevailing response pattern of gs to VPD in most literature. The peak curve could be fitted with a Log-Normal Model (R2 = 0.838-0.995). The VPD/RH values of the corresponding maximum of gs (gs-max-VPD/RH) could be calculated by fitted models. The gs-max-RH could be affected by environmental conditions, because of positive correlation between gs-max-RH and the mean monthly temperature in 2010 (R2 > 0.81). Two typical stomatal models (the Leuning model and the optimal stomatal behavior model) were used to estimate gs values, but they poorly predicted gs in the three trees. The concentration of ABA was positively correlated to sensitivity in response of stomatal conductance to VPD in the leaves of the tree species during the different seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Gui-Zhai Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xia Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fang-Zhi Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Rahman MM, Mostofa MG, Rahman MA, Islam MR, Keya SS, Das AK, Miah MG, Kawser AQMR, Ahsan SM, Hashem A, Tabassum B, Abd Allah EF, Tran LSP. Acetic acid: a cost-effective agent for mitigation of seawater-induced salt toxicity in mung bean. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15186. [PMID: 31645575 PMCID: PMC6811677 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51178-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study sought the effective mitigation measure of seawater-induced damage to mung bean plants by exploring the potential roles of acetic acid (AA). Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that foliar application of AA under control conditions improved mung bean growth, which was interlinked to enhanced levels of photosynthetic rate and pigments, improved water status and increased uptake of K+, in comparison with water-sprayed control. Mung bean plants exposed to salinity exhibited reduced growth and biomass production, which was emphatically correlated with increased accumulations of Na+, reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde, and impaired photosynthesis, as evidenced by PCA and heatmap clustering. AA supplementation ameliorated the toxic effects of seawater, and improved the growth performance of salinity-exposed mung bean. AA potentiated several physio-biochemical mechanisms that were connected to increased uptake of Ca2+ and Mg2+, reduced accumulation of toxic Na+, improved water use efficiency, enhanced accumulations of proline, total free amino acids and soluble sugars, increased catalase activity, and heightened levels of phenolics and flavonoids. Collectively, our results provided new insights into AA-mediated protective mechanisms against salinity in mung bean, thereby proposing AA as a potential and cost-effective chemical for the management of salt-induced toxicity in mung bean, and perhaps in other cash crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mezanur Rahman
- Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Golam Mostofa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Abiar Rahman
- Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Robyul Islam
- Department of Biotechnology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Sanjida Sultana Keya
- Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Ashim Kumar Das
- Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Giashuddin Miah
- Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - A Q M Robiul Kawser
- Department of Aquaculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - S M Ahsan
- Department of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - Abeer Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Mycology and Plant Disease Survey Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, ARC, Giza, 12511, Egypt
| | - Baby Tabassum
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Govt. Raza P.G. College, Rampur, UP, 244091, India
| | - Elsayed Fathi Abd Allah
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang, Vietnam.
- Stress Adaptation Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan.
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García-León M, Cuyas L, El-Moneim DA, Rodriguez L, Belda-Palazón B, Sanchez-Quant E, Fernández Y, Roux B, Zamarreño ÁM, García-Mina JM, Nussaume L, Rodriguez PL, Paz-Ares J, Leonhardt N, Rubio V. Arabidopsis ALIX Regulates Stomatal Aperture and Turnover of Abscisic Acid Receptors. Plant Cell 2019; 31:2411-2429. [PMID: 31363038 PMCID: PMC6790096 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The plant endosomal trafficking pathway controls the abundance of membrane-associated soluble proteins, as shown for abscisic acid (ABA) receptors of the PYRABACTIN RESISTANCE1/PYR1-LIKE/REGULATORY COMPONENTS OF ABA RECEPTORS (PYR/PYL/RCAR) family. ABA receptor targeting for vacuolar degradation occurs through the late endosome route and depends on FYVE DOMAIN PROTEIN REQUIRED FOR ENDOSOMAL SORTING1 (FYVE1) and VACUOLAR PROTEIN SORTING23A (VPS23A), components of the ENDOSOMAL SORTING COMPLEX REQUIRED FOR TRANSPORT-I (ESCRT-I) complexes. FYVE1 and VPS23A interact with ALG-2 INTERACTING PROTEIN-X (ALIX), an ESCRT-III-associated protein, although the functional relevance of such interactions and their consequences in cargo sorting are unknown. In this study we show that Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ALIX directly binds to ABA receptors in late endosomes, promoting their degradation. Impaired ALIX function leads to altered endosomal localization and increased accumulation of ABA receptors. In line with this activity, partial loss-of-function alix-1 mutants display ABA hypersensitivity during growth and stomatal closure, unveiling a role for the ESCRT machinery in the control of water loss through stomata. ABA-hypersensitive responses are suppressed in alix-1 plants impaired in PYR/PYL/RCAR activity, in accordance with ALIX affecting ABA responses primarily by controlling ABA receptor stability. ALIX-1 mutant protein displays reduced interaction with VPS23A and ABA receptors, providing a molecular basis for ABA hypersensitivity in alix-1 mutants. Our findings unveil a negative feedback mechanism triggered by ABA that acts via ALIX to control the accumulation of specific PYR/PYL/RCAR receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Cuyas
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Aix Marseille Université, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, BIAM, UMR7265, SAVE, Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France
- Centre Mondial de l'Innovation, Groupe Roullier, Saint-Malo, France
| | - Diaa Abd El-Moneim
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Plant Production, Genetic Branch, Faculty of Environmental and Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, North Sinai, Egypt
| | - Lesia Rodriguez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, ES-46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Borja Belda-Palazón
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, ES-46022 Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Brice Roux
- Aix Marseille Université, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, BIAM, UMR7265, SAVE, Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - Ángel María Zamarreño
- Department of Environmental Biology, Agricultural Chemistry and Biology Group-CMI Roullier, Faculty of Sciences, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - José María García-Mina
- Department of Environmental Biology, Agricultural Chemistry and Biology Group-CMI Roullier, Faculty of Sciences, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Laurent Nussaume
- Aix Marseille Université, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, BIAM, UMR7265, SAVE, Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - Pedro L Rodriguez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, ES-46022 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Nathalie Leonhardt
- Aix Marseille Université, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, BIAM, UMR7265, SAVE, Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - Vicente Rubio
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Bernacka-Wojcik I, Huerta M, Tybrandt K, Karady M, Mulla MY, Poxson DJ, Gabrielsson EO, Ljung K, Simon DT, Berggren M, Stavrinidou E. Implantable Organic Electronic Ion Pump Enables ABA Hormone Delivery for Control of Stomata in an Intact Tobacco Plant. Small 2019; 15:e1902189. [PMID: 31513355 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201902189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Electronic control of biological processes with bioelectronic devices holds promise for sophisticated regulation of physiology, for gaining fundamental understanding of biological systems, providing new therapeutic solutions, and digitally mediating adaptations of organisms to external factors. The organic electronic ion pump (OEIP) provides a unique means for electronically-controlled, flow-free delivery of ions, and biomolecules at cellular scale. Here, a miniaturized OEIP device based on glass capillary fibers (c-OEIP) is implanted in a biological organism. The capillary form factor at the sub-100 µm scale of the device enables it to be implanted in soft tissue, while its hyperbranched polyelectrolyte channel and addressing protocol allows efficient delivery of a large aromatic molecule. In the first example of an implantable bioelectronic device in plants, the c-OEIP readily penetrates the leaf of an intact tobacco plant with no significant wound response (evaluated up to 24 h) and effectively delivers the hormone abscisic acid (ABA) into the leaf apoplast. OEIP-mediated delivery of ABA, the phytohormone that regulates plant's tolerance to stress, induces closure of stomata, the microscopic pores in leaf's epidermis that play a vital role in photosynthesis and transpiration. Efficient and localized ABA delivery reveals previously unreported kinetics of ABA-induced signal propagation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Bernacka-Wojcik
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-601 74, Norrkoping, Sweden
| | - Miriam Huerta
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-601 74, Norrkoping, Sweden
| | - Klas Tybrandt
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-601 74, Norrkoping, Sweden
| | - Michal Karady
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mohammad Yusuf Mulla
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-601 74, Norrkoping, Sweden
| | - David J Poxson
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-601 74, Norrkoping, Sweden
| | - Erik O Gabrielsson
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-601 74, Norrkoping, Sweden
| | - Karin Ljung
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Daniel T Simon
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-601 74, Norrkoping, Sweden
| | - Magnus Berggren
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-601 74, Norrkoping, Sweden
| | - Eleni Stavrinidou
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-601 74, Norrkoping, Sweden
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Singh R, Jha AB, Misra AN, Sharma P. Differential responses of growth, photosynthesis, oxidative stress, metals accumulation and NRAMP genes in contrasting Ricinus communis genotypes under arsenic stress. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:31166-31177. [PMID: 31456154 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06243-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Effect of arsenate [As(V)] on biomass, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration, oxidative stress, accumulation of As, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn and expression of NRAMP genes was investigated in As(V) tolerant and sensitive genotypes of bioenergy crop Ricinus communis. As(V) treatments (100 and 200 μM) led to significant reduction in root and leaf biomass, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration in GCH 2 and GCH 4 genotypes but no significant change or increase was observed in WM and DCH 177 genotypes. No significant difference was observed in hydrogen peroxide content and lipid peroxidation in As(V)-treated tolerant genotypes compared to control, whereas these parameters enhanced significantly in As(V)-treated sensitive genotypes. GCH 2 accumulated around two times As in leaves and showed significant reduction in concentration of Zn and Mn in the leaves and roots due to 200 μM As(V) treatment compared to WM. NRAMP genes are critical for uptake and distribution of essential divalent metal cations, photosynthesis and controlled production of reactive oxygen species in plants. RcNRAMP2, RcNRAMP3 and RcNRAMP5 genes showed differential expression in response to 200 μM As(V) in GCH 2 and WM suggesting that NRAMP genes are associated with differential responses of WM and GCH 2 genotypes to As(V) stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajani Singh
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Brambe, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835205, India
| | - Ambuj Bhushan Jha
- Crop Development Centre, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Amarendra Narayan Misra
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Brambe, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835205, India
- Khallikote Cluster University, Berhampur, Odisha, 760001, India
| | - Pallavi Sharma
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Brambe, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835205, India.
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Huang S, Waadt R, Nuhkat M, Kollist H, Hedrich R, Roelfsema MRG. Calcium signals in guard cells enhance the efficiency by which abscisic acid triggers stomatal closure. New Phytol 2019; 224:177-187. [PMID: 31179540 PMCID: PMC6771588 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
During drought, abscisic acid (ABA) induces closure of stomata via a signaling pathway that involves the calcium (Ca2+ )-independent protein kinase OST1, as well as Ca2+ -dependent protein kinases. However, the interconnection between OST1 and Ca2+ signaling in ABA-induced stomatal closure has not been fully resolved. ABA-induced Ca2+ signals were monitored in intact Arabidopsis leaves, which express the ratiometric Ca2+ reporter R-GECO1-mTurquoise and the Ca2+ -dependent activation of S-type anion channels was recorded with intracellular double-barreled microelectrodes. ABA triggered Ca2+ signals that occurred during the initiation period, as well as in the acceleration phase of stomatal closure. However, a subset of stomata closed in the absence of Ca2+ signals. On average, stomata closed faster if Ca2+ signals were elicited during the ABA response. Loss of OST1 prevented ABA-induced stomatal closure and repressed Ca2+ signals, whereas elevation of the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration caused a rapid activation of SLAC1 and SLAH3 anion channels. Our data show that the majority of Ca2+ signals are evoked during the acceleration phase of stomatal closure, which is initiated by OST1. These Ca2+ signals are likely to activate Ca2+ -dependent protein kinases, which enhance the activity of S-type anion channels and boost stomatal closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouguang Huang
- Molecular Plant Physiology and BiophysicsJulius‐von‐Sachs Institute for BiosciencesBiocenter, Würzburg UniversityJulius‐von‐Sachs‐Platz 2D‐97082 WürzburgGermany
| | - Rainer Waadt
- Centre for Organismal StudiesPlant Developmental BiologyRuprecht‐Karls‐Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 230D‐69120 HeidelbergGermany
| | - Maris Nuhkat
- Institute of TechnologyUniversity of TartuNooruse 1Tartu50411Estonia
| | - Hannes Kollist
- Institute of TechnologyUniversity of TartuNooruse 1Tartu50411Estonia
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Molecular Plant Physiology and BiophysicsJulius‐von‐Sachs Institute for BiosciencesBiocenter, Würzburg UniversityJulius‐von‐Sachs‐Platz 2D‐97082 WürzburgGermany
| | - M. Rob G. Roelfsema
- Molecular Plant Physiology and BiophysicsJulius‐von‐Sachs Institute for BiosciencesBiocenter, Würzburg UniversityJulius‐von‐Sachs‐Platz 2D‐97082 WürzburgGermany
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Touati M, Bottega S, Ruffini Castiglione M, Sorce C, Béjaoui Z, Spanò C. Modulation of the defence responses against Cd in willow species through a multifaceted analysis. Plant Physiol Biochem 2019; 142:125-136. [PMID: 31279860 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Willow, due to the extensive root system, high transpiration rates and ability to accumulate large amounts of cadmium, is considered particularly useful for green remediation practices. In this study two different willow species, Salix viminalis and Salix alba, were used to assess possible differences in their ability of cadmium accumulation and to analyse in detail the physiology of their response to treatments with this metal using a multidisciplinary approach. Plants were grown in hydroponics and treated with 0, 50 and 100 μM Cd2+ (CdCl2) for 7 and 14 days. Cadmium content, oxidative stress, both evaluated by biochemical and histochemical techniques, antioxidant response, leaf stomatal conductance and photosynthetic efficiency were measured in control and treated roots and/or leaves. The two willow species removed cadmium with a high efficiency from the growth solution; however, the highest contents of Cd recorded in plants grown in the presence of the lower Cd concentrations suggest a limited capacity of metal accumulation. No photochemical limitation characterised treated plants, probably due to the ability to store large amounts of Cd in the root compartment, with reduction of damage to the photosynthetic machinery. S. viminalis, able to uptake cadmium also in the root apical region, seemed to be a more efficient accumulator than S. alba and, thanks to a relatively higher antioxidant response, did not show a higher level of oxidative stress. On the basis of the above, the two plant species, in particular S. viminalis, are confirmed as useful for cadmium phytostabilisation/phytoextraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Touati
- Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia; Laboratory of Forest Ecology, National Research Institute of Rural Engineering, Water and Forests Rue Hédi Elkarray, Elmenzah IV, BP 10, 2080, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Stefania Bottega
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Luca Ghini 13, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Sorce
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Luca Ghini 13, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Zoubeir Béjaoui
- Laboratory of Forest Ecology, National Research Institute of Rural Engineering, Water and Forests Rue Hédi Elkarray, Elmenzah IV, BP 10, 2080, Ariana, Tunisia; Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021, Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Carmelina Spanò
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Luca Ghini 13, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
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Franco-Navarro JD, Rosales MA, Cubero-Font P, Calvo P, Álvarez R, Diaz-Espejo A, Colmenero-Flores JM. Chloride as a macronutrient increases water-use efficiency by anatomically driven reduced stomatal conductance and increased mesophyll diffusion to CO 2. Plant J 2019; 99:815-831. [PMID: 31148340 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Chloride (Cl- ) has been recently described as a beneficial macronutrient, playing specific roles in promoting plant growth and water-use efficiency (WUE). However, it is still unclear how Cl- could be beneficial, especially in comparison with nitrate (NO3- ), an essential source of nitrogen that shares with Cl- similar physical and osmotic properties, as well as common transport mechanisms. In tobacco plants, macronutrient levels of Cl- specifically reduce stomatal conductance (gs ) without a concomitant reduction in the net photosynthesis rate (AN ). As stomata-mediated water loss through transpiration is inherent in the need of C3 plants to capture CO2 , simultaneous increase in photosynthesis and WUE is of great relevance to achieve a sustainable increase in C3 crop productivity. Our results showed that Cl- -mediated stimulation of larger leaf cells leads to a reduction in stomatal density, which in turn reduces gs and water consumption. Conversely, Cl- improves mesophyll diffusion conductance to CO2 (gm ) and photosynthetic performance due to a higher surface area of chloroplasts exposed to the intercellular airspace of mesophyll cells, possibly as a consequence of the stimulation of chloroplast biogenesis. A key finding of this study is the simultaneous improvement of AN and WUE due to macronutrient Cl- nutrition. This work identifies relevant and specific functions in which Cl- participates as a beneficial macronutrient for higher plants, uncovering a sustainable approach to improve crop yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan D Franco-Navarro
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, CSIC, Avda Reina Mercedes 10, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Miguel A Rosales
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, CSIC, Avda Reina Mercedes 10, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Paloma Cubero-Font
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, CSIC, Avda Reina Mercedes 10, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes (BPMP), Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INRA, SupAgro, 2 Place P. Viala, Montpellier, 34060, France
| | - Purificación Calvo
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda Reina Mercedes 6, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rosario Álvarez
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes 6, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Antonio Diaz-Espejo
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, CSIC, Avda Reina Mercedes 10, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - José M Colmenero-Flores
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, CSIC, Avda Reina Mercedes 10, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
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48
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Dusart N, Vaultier MN, Olry JC, Buré C, Gérard J, Jolivet Y, Le Thiec D. Altered stomatal dynamics of two Euramerican poplar genotypes submitted to successive ozone exposure and water deficit. Environ Pollut 2019; 252:1687-1697. [PMID: 31284211 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.06.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The impact of ozone (O3) pollution events on the plant drought response needs special attention because spring O3 episodes are often followed by summer drought. By causing stomatal sluggishness, O3 could affect the stomatal dynamic during a subsequent drought event. In this context, we studied the impact of O3 exposure and water deficit (in the presence or in the absence of O3 episode) on the stomatal closure/opening mechanisms relative to irradiance or vapour pressure deficit (VPD) variation. Two genotypes of Populus nigra x deltoides were exposed to various treatments for 21 days. Saplings were exposed to 80 ppb/day O3 for 13 days, and then to moderate drought for 7 days. The curves of the stomatal response to irradiance and VPD changes were determined after 13 days of O3 exposure, and after 21 days in the case of subsequent water deficit, and then fitted using a sigmoidal model. The main responses under O3 exposure were stomatal closure and sluggishness, but the two genotypes showed contrasting responses. During stomatal closure induced by a change in irradiance, closure was slower for both genotypes. Nonetheless, the genotypes differed in stomatal opening under light. Carpaccio stomata opened more slowly than control stomata, whereas Robusta stomata tended to open faster. These effects could be of particular interest, as stomatal impairment was still present after O3 exposure and could result from imperfect recovery. Under water deficit alone, we observed slower stomatal closure in response to VPD and irradiance, but faster stomatal opening in response to irradiance, more marked in Carpaccio. Under the combined treatment, most of the parameters showed antagonistic responses. Our results highlight that it is important to take genotype-specific responses and interactive stress cross-talk into account to improve the prediction of stomatal conductance in response to various environmental modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Dusart
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, Inra, Silva, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | | | - Jean-Charles Olry
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, Inra, Silva, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Cyril Buré
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, Inra, Silva, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Joëlle Gérard
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, Inra, Silva, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Yves Jolivet
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, Inra, Silva, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Didier Le Thiec
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, Inra, Silva, F-54000 Nancy, France.
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49
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Sulewska H, Ratajczak K, Panasiewicz K, Kalaji HM. Can pyraclostrobin and epoxiconazole protect conventional and stay-green maize varieties grown under drought stress? PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221116. [PMID: 31430301 PMCID: PMC6701797 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Risks associated with drought are increasing and are a global problem. Therefore, there is a need for new solutions for the safe production of food, while maintaining respect for the environment. Fungicides are designed to protect maize plants against disease, but some of the active substances used in preparations can also promote plant growth, which is known as the 'physiological effect'. However, there is a paucity of information as to how some of the 'new generation' fungicides act in stimulating grain yield in plants under abiotic stress, especially drought. Therefore, the effects of these products on conventional and stay-green maize varieties need to be better understood in order to reduce losses caused by droughts and to maximize production. In this study, the effect of a pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole fungicide preparation on maize plants was evaluated at different times after spraying; during induced drought conditions and again during the regeneration process of the plants. The preparation was applied to 'KWS 1325' (conventional) and 'Ambrosini' (stay-green) varieties at the recommended dose, three times in greenhouse conditions. Plant gas exchange, plant water use efficiency, chlorophyll fluorescence and fresh and dry plant biomass were evaluated. The pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole preparation increased stomatal conductance and photosynthesis intensity in the 'Ambrosini' plants. When maintained under a high light intensity, the variety used increased efficiency and exchanged excessive energy in the form of thermal energy to protect the maize leaf from light-induced damage under drought stress. Plant photosynthetic efficiency (ETR and Yield parameters) during drought stress and after regeneration was significantly higher in treated plants than in the controls. Thus, the beneficial effects on the physiology of the maize varieties grown under drought stress from the fungicide application are significant for farmers and growers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Sulewska
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agronomy and Bioengineering, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Karolina Ratajczak
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agronomy and Bioengineering, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Panasiewicz
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agronomy and Bioengineering, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences WULS-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
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50
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Zhang X, Goatley M, Wu W, Ervin E, Shang C. Drought-induced injury is associated with hormonal alteration in Kentucky bluegrass. Plant Signal Behav 2019; 14:e1651607. [PMID: 31403391 PMCID: PMC6768267 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2019.1651607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Plant hormones play an important role in plant adaptation to abiotic stress, but hormonal responses of cool-season turfgrass species to drought stress are not well documented. This study was to investigate responses of hormones and photosynthesis to drought stress and examine if drought stress - induced hormone alteration is associated with stress tolerance in kentucky bluegrass (KBG, Poa pratensis L.). The grass was grown in a growth chamber for 6 weeks and then subjected to drought stress [40%-50% evapotranspiration (ET) replacement)] for 28 d. Drought stress caused cell membrane damage, resulting in decline in photosynthetic rate (Pn), chlorophyll content, and visual quality in KBG. Drought stressed grass had higher leaf abscisic acid (ABA), lower leaf trans-zeatin riboside (ZR), isopentenyl adenosine (iPA), and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), but similar level of leaf gibberellin A4 (GA4) when compared to the control (well-watered). On average, drought stress treatment reduced leaf ZR by 59.1%, iPA by 50.4%, IAA by 26.7%, while increased ABA by 108.5% when compared to the control at the end of drought stress (28 d). The turf quality and photosynthetic rate was positively correlated with cytokinins and IAA, but negatively correlated with ABA and ABA/cytokinins (CK) ratio under drought stress. The results of this study suggest drought stress-induced injury to Kentucky bluegrass may be associated with hormonal alteration, and the plants with higher cytokinins and IAA and less ABA under drought stress may have better photosynthetic function and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunzhong Zhang
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Mike Goatley
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Wenli Wu
- Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Erik Ervin
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Chao Shang
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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