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Jahan S, Rahman MM, Biswas SK, Hossain ATM, Saha B, Haque SMA. Breast Cancer in Younger and Older Women: A Comparison of Clinicopathological Traits. Mymensingh Med J 2024; 33:433-439. [PMID: 38557522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer stands as the prevailing invasive cancer globally, bearing high mortality rates among women. Existing evidence indicates diminished survival rates in younger patients. Consequently, this study endeavors to assess and contrast the pathological features of breast cancer in women under 40 years of age with their older counterparts. Conducted as a cross-sectional analysis, this study encompasses 560 patients diagnosed with breast cancer, seeking treatment at Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Community Based Medical College Bangladesh (CBMCB) and several private hospitals in Mymensingh. The gathered data incorporates information such as age, residential area, occupation, tumor histopathology, TNM classification, staging and status of hormone receptor. The patients' mean age (standard deviation) was 49.7±11.9 years, with 20.5% below 40, most were from rural areas and were housewives. Ductal carcinoma prevailed as the most common histopathologic type (87.67%). However, younger patients exhibited a higher prevalence of lobular and other rare carcinomas compared to their older counterparts (p=0.04). Additionally, the younger group demonstrated larger tumor sizes (p=0.01), lymphatic node involvement (p=0.04) and advanced staging (p=0.004). Notably, younger age showed more negativity for estrogen and/or progesterone receptors. The results suggested that women under 40 years old exhibit more aggressive tumor characteristics and a more severe form of breast cancer compared to their older counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jahan
- Dr Shahanaz Jahan, Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Community Based Medical College Bangladesh (CBMCB), Mymensingh, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Nahar A, Hasan SK, Haq AI, Dowllah E, Al-Amin M, Sayeed SJ, Sikder MH, Rahman MM, Akhtaruzzaman M, Hoque MT. Dysfunction of Thyroid Hormones Following Acute Coronary Syndrome in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City. Mymensingh Med J 2024; 33:486-491. [PMID: 38557530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
In cardiovascular homeostasis thyroid hormone plays an important role. We planned to study the changes in thyroid hormone profile in acute coronary syndrome patients admitted in the coronary care unit and compare them between two groups: unstable angina/non-ST elevated Myocardial infarction (UA/NSTEMI) and ST elevated Myocardial infarction (STEMI). This study was a hospital based descriptive cross sectional study which was conducted from 01 March 2018 to 01 February 2019 in Coronary Care Unit of Bangladesh Medical College Hospital and laboratory tests were done in Microbiology Department of Bangladesh Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Eighty three cases of acute coronary syndromes were taken for the study. Troponin-I was measured as cardiac marker, Electrocardiogram, Complete blood count, blood glucose level, Blood urea, serum creatinine, serum electrolytes, Fasting lipid profile, Thyroid profile, Echocardiography 2D were done. Most of the respondents were distributed in age group 46-60 years where 34(64.15%) male and 19(35.85%) female. Out of 83 Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) patients, 27(32.53%) hypertensive, 22(26.50%) diabetic and 16(19.27%) were Chronic kidney disease (CKD). Abnormal lipid profile was present in 30(43.47%) patients. Among total 52 male and 31 female 9(17.30%) male and 6(19.35%) female had abnormal thyroid function. We further elaborated abnormal thyroid function tests in STEMI group and UA/Non STEMI group of ACS patients. We found 10 patients in STEMI group and 5 patients in UA/Non STEMI group with abnormal thyroid function 29.41% and 10.20% respectively which was not statistically significant (p=0.025). This study depicts abnormality in thyroid hormone profile in 18.07% patients of ACS. Abnormal thyroid function increases risk of coronary artery disease. TSH level of ACS patients on hospital admission could be helpful to evaluate further prognosis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nahar
- Dr Azizun Nahar, Associate Professor of Microbiology, Bangladesh Medical College (BMC), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Tuli JZ, Rahman MM, Yasmin M, Afrin R, Sarkar S. Comparative Study of Serum Zinc Level in Between Preeclamptic Patients and Normal Pregnancy in Bangladesh. Mymensingh Med J 2024; 33:540-543. [PMID: 38557538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Globally preeclampsia is a major cause of maternal & perinatal morbidity & mortality. Zinc is an important trace element which is essential in pregnancy for fetal growth. Essentiality of zinc during pregnancy is evident. The cross sectional study was performed to estimate the comparison of serum zinc level in between preeclamptic patient and normal pregnancy. This study was conducted from July 2016 to June 2017 in the Department of Biochemistry, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Total 100 pregnant women were included as study population. Out of 100 subjects 50 were preeclamptic patients as case group and another 50 were normal pregnant women as control group. Serum zinc was determined by colorimetric method. The statistical analysis was done by SPSS windows package version 21.0. The mean±SD of case group was 59.30±5.22 and control group was 65.26±5.99mg/dl. Statistical difference was calculated by Student's unpaired 't' test. After analysis it showed that the mean±SD of serum zinc level was highly significantly (p<0.001) decreased in case group that in comparison to control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Z Tuli
- Dr Jesmin Zahan Tuli, Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Sheikh Hasina Medical College, Jamalpur, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Islam MR, Khan MKR, Hossain MS, Rahman MM, Haque MM, Aliuzzaman M, Alam MK, Sarker MSI. Structural, thermodynamic, and magnetic properties of SrFe 12O 19 hexaferrite modified by co-substitution of Cu and Gd. RSC Adv 2024; 14:7314-7328. [PMID: 38433931 PMCID: PMC10906010 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08878b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
A hard magnetic system of SrFe12O19 nanomaterial was modified according to the composition of Sr0.95Gd0.05Fe12-xCuxO19 with x = 0.0, 0.30, and 0.60 using the sol-gel technique. The structures of the samples were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) along with Rietveld refinement, and an M-type hexaferrite with a hexagonal structure was confirmed with a trace amount of the α-Fe2O3 phase. In addition, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed polycrystalline nanoplates in all samples. Furthermore, the bond structures of the octahedral and tetrahedral sites along with the thermodynamic properties of these ferrites were extracted from the FTIR spectra at room temperature. The Debye temperature (θD) decreased from 755.9 K to 749.3 K due to the co-substitution of Gd3+ at Sr2+ and Cu2+ at Fe3+. The magnetic hysteresis (M-H) measurements revealed that the coercivity decreased from 5.3 kOe to 1.5 kOe along with the highest magnetization saturation (Ms) of 65.2 emu g-1 for the composition Sr0.95Gd0.05Fe11.7Cu0.3O19, which is suitable for industrial application. The effect of local crystalline anisotropy in magnetization was explored using the law of approach to saturation (LAS). Finally, thermo-magnetization was recorded in the range from 400 K to 5 K for cooling under zero field and in the presence of a 100 Oe field, and magnetic transitions were tracked due to the introduction of the foreign atoms of Gd and Cu into SrFe12O19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Roni Islam
- Department of Physics, Rajshahi University Rajshahi-6205 Bangladesh
| | - M K R Khan
- Department of Physics, Rajshahi University Rajshahi-6205 Bangladesh
| | - Md Sarowar Hossain
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology (FST), American International University-Bangladesh (AIUB) Dhaka-1229 Bangladesh
| | - M M Rahman
- Department of Physics, Rajshahi University Rajshahi-6205 Bangladesh
| | - M Mahbubul Haque
- Materials Science Division, Atomic Energy Centre Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh
| | - M Aliuzzaman
- Nuclear Power and Energy Division, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission Dhaka-1207 Bangladesh
| | - M K Alam
- Department of Physics, Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh
| | - M S I Sarker
- Department of Physics, Rajshahi University Rajshahi-6205 Bangladesh
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Islam MS, Khalil MM, Hossain MI, Datta RK, Podder S, Khan ST, Ahmed F, Ahmed F, Rahman MM, Kibria MG. Frequency of Post Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Acute Pancreatitis in an Academic Hospital of Bangladesh. Mymensingh Med J 2024; 33:133-139. [PMID: 38163784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Post-ERCP acute pancreatitis (PEP) is a common and serious complication with high morbidity and mortality rates. There is a paucity of data on the frequency of PEP in a resource constraint setting like Bangladesh. Hence we have conducted a prospective study to determine the frequency of PEP and the factors associated with its occurrence. This prospective, observational study was carried out in Gastroenterology Department of Dhaka Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from April 2018 to December 2018 on the consecutive patients who underwent ERCP. PEP and its severity were diagnosed according to consensus definition. Serum lipase was done in all patients before procedure and 24 hours after procedure or if patient develops abdominal pain after the procedure which became earlier. Total 168 patients were included (mean age 46.97±14.35 years; male 72(43.0%). The most common indication of ERCP was choledocholithiasis 97(58.0%) followed by malignant biliary obstruction 45(27.0%), recurrent pyogenic cholangitis 8(5.0%), chronic pancreatitis 4(2.3%), biliary ascariasis 4(2.3%) and others 10(6.0%). Overall post ERCP complication rate was 46(27.3%) including cholangitis 29(17.3%), pancreatitis 16(9.5%), bleeding 12(7.1%), aspiration pneumonia 4(2.4%) and death 3(1.8%). Regarding the severity of PEP, 50.0%, 43.7% and 6.3% patients developed mild, moderate and severe pancreatitis respectively. Number of cannulation attempts >5 times [22(48%) vs. 17(14%); p=0.001], cannulation attempts duration more than 10 minutes [25(55%) vs. 27(22%); p=0.001], unintentional passage of guide wire into the pancreatic duct [8(17%) vs. 18(15%); p=0.001], pancreatic duct contrast injection [12(26%) vs. 2(1.6%); p=0.001] and pre-cut sphincterotomy [16(35%) vs. 6(4.9%); p=0.001] were significantly different between the patients who developed PEP compared to those who did not. In multiple logistic regressions analysis, pancreatic duct contrast injection was significantly associated with PEP [OR 25.523 with 95% CI (4.049- 100.0%)]. Around ten percent patients had developed PEP. Regarding the severity half of them were mild, 44.0% patients had moderate and 6.0% patient had severe type of pancreatitis. Difficult cannulation, unintentional passage of guide wire into the pancreas, pancreatic duct contrast injection and pre-cut sphincterotomy were associated with PEP. Among them pancreatic duct contrast injection had independent significance in the causation of PEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Islam
- Dr Mohammad Shohidul Islam, Assistant Registrar, Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Sheikh Russel National Gastroliver Institute & Hospital (SRNGI&H), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Shapla SP, Rahman MM, Paul P, Begum M, Debnath MR, Jahan F, Ferdousi A, Saha T, Sultana H, Biswas R. Usefulness of Diagnostic Ultrasound for Detection of Common Shoulder Abnormalities Prior to MRI. Mymensingh Med J 2024; 33:16-22. [PMID: 38163768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Shoulder pain is a common musculoskeletal pain in the general population and results in significant disability, quality of life impairment and financial burden to the health care system. This cross-sectional study was carried out among purposively selected 61 adult patients with shoulder pain and or limited range of motion in the Department of Radiology and Imaging, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh, Bangladesh from September 2018 to August 2020 to determine the usefulness of USG in detection of common shoulder abnormalities, as an initial imaging modality using MRI as reference standard. The majority of the patients 25(40.98%) were in age group of 51-60 years with mean age of 52.98±10.85 years. In the dectection of rotator cuff pathology, the overall sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of USG for any complete tear were 100.0% each, for any partial tear were 79.71%, 96.57% and 91.80%, for any rotator cuff tear were 83.33%, 96.25% and 91.80%, and for any tendinosis were 90.48%, 99.37% and 96.31% respectively. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of USG were 88.23%, 92.59% & 90.16% for long head of biceps tendon sheath effusion, 100.0% each for long head of biceps tendon dislocation, 71.11%, 87.50% and 75.41% for glenohumeral joint effusion, and 58.06%, 96.67% and 77.05% for bursal effusion respectively. From this study, it is concluded that high resolution USG showed high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy compared to MRI in detecting common shoulder abnormalities, and could be considered as the first line imaging modality in the evaluation of shoulder pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Shapla
- Dr Sanchita Paul Shapla, MD Resident, Department of Radiology and Imaging, Mymensingh Medical College (MMC), Mymensingh, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Rahman MM, Mostofa MG, Keya SS, Ghosh PK, Abdelrahman M, Anik TR, Gupta A, Tran LSP. Jasmonic acid priming augments antioxidant defense and photosynthesis in soybean to alleviate combined heat and drought stress effects. Plant Physiol Biochem 2024; 206:108193. [PMID: 38029615 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
In the aftermaths of global warming, plants are more frequently exposed to the combination of heat stress and drought in natural conditions. Jasmonic acid (JA) has been known to modulate numerous plant adaptive responses to diverse environmental stresses. However, the function of JA in regulating plant responses to the combined effects of heat and drought remains underexplored. In this study, we elucidated the functions of JA in enhancing the combined heat and drought tolerance of soybean (Glycine max). Our results showed that priming with JA improved plant biomass, photosynthetic efficiency and leaf relative water content, which all together contributed to the improved performance of soybean plants under single and combined heat and drought conditions. Exposure to single and combined heat and drought conditions caused oxidative damage in soybean leaves. Priming soybean plants, which were exposed to single and combined heat and drought conditions, with JA, on the other hand, substantially quenched the reactive oxygen species-induced oxidative burden possibly by bolstering their antioxidant defense system. Together, our findings provide direct evidence of the JA-mediated protective mechanisms in maintaining the optimal photosynthetic rate and plant performance under combined heat and drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mezanur Rahman
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Mohammad Golam Mostofa
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
| | - Sanjida Sultana Keya
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Protik Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Mostafa Abdelrahman
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Touhidur Rahman Anik
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Aarti Gupta
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.
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Sultana S, Rahman MM, Das AK, Haque MA, Rahman MA, Islam SMN, Ghosh PK, Keya SS, Tran LSP, Mostofa MG. Role of salicylic acid in improving the yield of two mung bean genotypes under waterlogging stress through the modulation of antioxidant defense and osmoprotectant levels. Plant Physiol Biochem 2024; 206:108230. [PMID: 38100888 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Waterlogging (WL) is a major hindrance to the growth and development of leguminous crops, including mung bean. Here, we explored the effect of salicylic acid (SA) pretreatment on growth and yield output of two elite mung bean genotypes (BU Mung bean-4 and BU Mung bean-6) subjected to WL stress. SA pretreatment significantly improved shoot dry weight, individual leaf area, and photosynthetic pigment contents in both genotypes, while those improvements were higher in BU Mung bean-6 when compared with BU Mung bean-4. We also found that SA pretreatment significantly reduced the reactive oxygen species-induced oxidative burden in both BU Mung bean-6 and BU Mung bean-4 by enhancing peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase activities, as well as total flavonoid contents. SA pretreatment further improved the accumulation of proline and free amino acids in both genotypes, indicating that SA employed these osmoprotectants to enhance osmotic balance. These results were particularly corroborated with the elevated levels of leaf water status and leaf succulence in BU Mung bean-6. SA-mediated improvement in physiological and biochemical mechanisms led to a greater yield-associated feature in BU Mung bean-6 under WL conditions. Collectively, these findings shed light on the positive roles of SA in alleviating WL stress, contributing to yield improvement in mung bean crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmin Sultana
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mezanur Rahman
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Ashim Kumar Das
- Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ashraful Haque
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abiar Rahman
- Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Shah Mohammad Naimul Islam
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Protik Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Sanjida Sultana Keya
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.
| | - Mohammad Golam Mostofa
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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Majumder KR, Shrivastava A, Maitra D, Siddique MI, Rahman MM. Fish-tail Plasty: A Secure Technique to Enhance Cosmesis at the Lateral End of Mastectomy Scar and Prevent Dog Ear. Mymensingh Med J 2024; 33:160-167. [PMID: 38163788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Mastectomy is very common surgical procedure for breast cancer. The closure of transverse elliptical mastectomy incisions has been represented with numerous modifications since 1915. The technical challenge is to avoid a fold of skin dogging laterally ("dog-ear"). This might lead to off future discomfort and poor cosmetic result. However, various surgical techniques are reported to tackle this lateral dog ear, there is no standardized technique. We therefore conduct a systematic review of the surgical techniques with the aim of comparing the merits and limitations of every technique. The comparative study among 72 patients was performed in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Anower Khan Modern Medical College & Hospital and Care Medical College & Hospital, Bangladesh from July 2017 to January 2020. Patients were divided randomly into two groups: Group I underwent fishtail technique group (36 patients), Group II underwent modified suturing technique group (36 patients). The follow up periods were 1 month and 3 months post-operatively for determination of the presence of dog ear and patient's satisfaction regarding cosmetic outcome and comfortability. Incidence of dog ear in fish-tail plasty group patients was less than that for Group II yet the difference is not significant less (p value 0.001). In consideration of patient satisfaction, doctor satisfaction and patient comfortability were significantly higher in Group I than Group II (p value 0.476 and 0.001 respectively). Fish-tail plasty was significantly better in patient satisfaction, comfortability and doctor satisfaction than modified suturing techniques and it might be recommended following mastectomy in obese patients for improving cosmesis and avoiding discomfort due to redundant skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- K R Majumder
- Dr Krisna Rani Majumder, Associate Professor of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Islam AM, Rahman KM, Rahman MA, Rahman MM, Paul GK, Jesmin H. Effect of Milk Intake and Calcium-Vitamin D Supplementation on Serum Vitamin D Status. Mymensingh Med J 2023; 32:1046-1051. [PMID: 37777900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D is important for health and disease. Milk is a good natural source of it, and calcium-vitamin D supplements are widely available over-the-counter and prescribed in clinical practice. But the effect of milk intake and calcium-vitamin D supplementation on serum vitamin D status is not known. This cross-sectional study was done to see the relationship between vitamin D status and milk intake or oral calcium-vitamin D supplementation using a structured questionnaire and carried out in a private consultation centre of Dhaka city, the capital of Bangladesh from July 2017 to March 2018. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level was measured by radioimmunoassay. Out of 259 patients, 64.1% had vitamin D deficiency defined as serum 25(OH)D level <20ng/mL. Sixty one percent of those who had serum 25(OH)D level <20ng/mL did not take milk or milk products, while 53.0% of those having 25(OH)D level ≥20ng/mL did not take milk. Approximately 89.0% of those who had serum 25(OH)D level <20ng/mL did not take oral calcium-vitamin D, whereas 72.0% of those having 25(OH)D level ≥20ng/mL did not take oral calcium-vitamin D (p=0.001). In the multiple logistic regression analysis, there were significantly increased odds of vitamin D deficiency for females as compared to males [odds ratio (OR) 2.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.34-4.56] and not taking oral vitamin D as compared to taking oral vitamin D (OR 3.56, 95% CI 1.74-7.28). Vitamin D deficiency is widely prevalent. Lack of milk intake and calcium-vitamin D supplementation are more commonly associated with serum vitamin D deficiency, and calcium-vitamin D supplementation is specially important in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Islam
- Dr AKM Monwarul Islam, Associate Professor, Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Rahman N, Rahman MA, Rahman MM, Ahmed B, Akter MR, Karim MR, Ahamed F. Role of Rehabilitation Exercise on Myofascial Pain Syndrome Causing Upper Back Pain. Mymensingh Med J 2023; 32:1096-1102. [PMID: 37777907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Upper back pain is as painful or troublesome as the pain in the lower back or the neck. Myofascial pain syndrome which is most common cause of upper back pain is characterized by localized musculoskeletal pain and tenderness in association with trigger points. The aim of the study was to correlate the improvement of myofascial pain syndrome patients with proper and timely physical therapy. This quasi experimental study was conducted in the department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Bangladesh, from 1st January 2008 to 31st August 2008 to see the role of rehabilitation exercise on myofascial pain syndrome causing upper back pain. Sixty (60) patients of myofascial pain syndrome causing upper back pain were randomly assigned for treatment; out of which 23(38.33%) were male and 37(61.66%) were female. The male and female ratio was 1:1.6. The patients selected for the trial were divided into two groups: Group A and Group B. In group A (n=28) the patients were treated with thermotherapy- Microwave diathermy, non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs and activities of daily living instructions and in Group B (n=32) with same interventions in addition to rehabilitation exercises. Treatment duration was 6 weeks. The difference of treatment improvement was statistically significant (p<0.05) from 1st week up to 6th week. After complete course of treatment 67.86% patients in Group A and 78.13% patients in group B reported improvement. So rehabilitation exercises can be a valuable adjunct to other modalities of treatment of myofascial pain syndrome causing upper back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Rahman
- Dr Nadia Rahman, Consultant, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Chowdhury RA, Rahman MM, Islam MN, Roy S, Rahman MH, Hasan MH, Rahman MW, Alam I. Utility of Median-to-Ulnar Sensory Comparative Nerve Conduction Study to Increase Diagnostic Accuracy in Mild Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. Mymensingh Med J 2023; 32:1156-1162. [PMID: 37777915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Electro-physiological diagnosis of mild Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) based on traditional median motor and sensory studies are often inconclusive. Therefore, we wanted to investigate the utility of Median-to-Ulnar Sensory Conduction studies in diagnosis of mild CTS. Data from Nerve conduction study (NCS) of 82 cases with symptoms suggestive of CTS from September 2017 to October 2020 attending electrophysiology department of Mount Adora Hospital, Sylhet, Bangladesh was selected for study. About 54(66.0%) out of 82 symptomatic patients were diagnosed as CTS by the conventional method, and 28(34.0%) patients required further investigation as their test report were found to be inconclusive. combining methods showed 70(85.37%) were found to be positive and 12(14.63%) were negative in comparison study. Thus, it can be concluded that those patients found to be negative in conventional methods; comparison method is an option for diagnostic confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Chowdhury
- Dr Rahat Amin Chowdhury, Associate Professor of Neurology, Sylhet Women's Medical College, Sylhet, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Bashar AK, Kabir MN, Ghosh R, Sajedin M, Rahman MM. Early Inflammatory Response of Dental Pulp in Response to Biodentin and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate as Pulp-capping Agents. Mymensingh Med J 2023; 32:1038-1045. [PMID: 37777899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out to observe immediate inflammatory response of Human Dental Pulp capped with Biodentin and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA). This prospective clinical study was carried out in the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics together with the Department of Orthodontia, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Bangladesh from 2016 to 2018. A total number of eighty (80) permanent premolars teeth planned to be extracted for orthodontic alignment of occlusion were used as study sample. Those teeth were divided into two groups; Group A and Group B, having 40 teeth in each (n=40). An occlusal exposure of approximately 1.5mm in diameter was made. Then in -group A, exposed pulp were capped with 2-mm-thick layer of sterile Biodentin (Septodont) and in-group B with ProRoot White MTA (Dentsply). After pulp capping with the experimental material in respective group, cavities in all teeth were restored with glass ionomer cement. After 24 hours the teeth were extracted, fixed in 10% buffered formalin solution, then decalcified by 10.0% nitric acid and embedded in paraffin. Now 2 to 3-micron-thick serial sections were made in the linguo-buccal plane and finally stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Now pulpal inflammation in respect of type, intensity and extension, were determined by using a predetermined evaluation criterion under an optical microscope at 40× magnifications. Statistical differences among the experimental groups were analyzed by Descriptive analysis (Cross Tabulation) (p<0.05). Histologically both the tested materials produced immediate pulpal tissue reaction. 'Biodentin' found to be most immediate pulpal tissue reactive (reactive in 100% cases), Whereas, MTA produced immediate tissue reaction only in 50.0% cases. Immediate pulpal inflammatory reaction in response to tested material found to be statistically significant different between 'Biodentin' and 'MTA' (p=0.001). According to present study Biodentin is found to be more immediate pulpal tissue reactive than MTA when used as a pulp capping material.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Bashar
- Dr AKM Bashar, Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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14
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Islam A, Haque N, Khatun A, Roy S, Rahman MM, Sathi FA, Hasan MS, Abedin S. Different RT-PCR Protocol used in SARS-Cov2 PCR Laboratory of Mymensingh Medical College, Bangladesh. Mymensingh Med J 2023; 32:911-921. [PMID: 37777880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
The novel corona virus (SARS CoV-2) was first detected on Wuhan, China. After that it spread worldwide and has caused many deaths till now. This virus is also known as novel corona virus because of being newly discovered. Scientifically it is named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It has positive-single stranded RNA and several proteins such as spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M), nucleocapsid (N) and the other helper proteins. On the basis of phylogenic evidence, it is the new member of beta corona viruses and this group of viruses causes respiratory illness in human. This virus is detected in laboratory by using RT-PCR, by which different target gene such as E gene, S gene, N gene and RdRP (ORF1a-ORF1b) etc. are detected. This study was carried out at Mymensingh Medical College from April 2020 to December 2020. Around 65000 samples (nasopharyngeal swab) were tested during this period by three PCR protocols. By Sansure PCR kit N and ORF1a target genes were detected, Basphore's target genes were E and ORF and by Neoplex PCR kit N and RdRp genes were detected. Most of samples were tested by Sansure kit (62500), 2000 samples were screened by Bosphore kit and 500 samples by Neoplex. Among them, 6876(11.0%) samples were positive by Sansure, 120(6.0%) by Bosphore and 66(13.2%) by Neoplex. Among the positive samples, N gene 6188(90.0%) was mostly found by Sansure kit, whereas ORF was 120(100.0%) mostly found by Bosphore.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Islam
- Dr Arup Islam, Assistant Professor of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College (MMC), Mymensingh, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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15
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Chakraborty A, Liton MNH, Sarker MSI, Rahman MM, Khan MKR. Exploration of the structural, vibrational, electronic, mechanical and thermal properties of Ru 4Al 3B 2 and Ru 9Al 3B 8: a DFT study. RSC Adv 2023; 13:28912-28930. [PMID: 37790092 PMCID: PMC10544048 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05334b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The structural, dynamical, electro-optical, mechanical, and thermal characteristics of the newly synthesized intermetallic compounds Ru4Al3B2 and Ru9Al3B8 have been studied under ambient and elevated pressure through density functional theory (DFT). The obtained lattice parameters of the compounds are consistent with the experimental values. The metallic character of these compounds is established by the band structure and density of states (DOS). The electronic charge density distribution and bond analysis imply that Ru4Al3B2 and Ru9Al3B8 have mainly both ionic and covalent bonding. The non-negative phonon dispersion frequency of the compounds reaffirms their dynamical stability. Both compounds are tough as well as have high melting points, and hence, can be applied in harsh conditions. Mechanical properties are significantly improved under pressure. Thermal barrier coating (TBC) is a possible field of application for both compounds. The different thermal properties such as the Debye temperature (ΘD), Grüneisen parameter (γ), melting temperature (Tm), minimum thermal conductivity (Kmin) and lattice thermal conductivity (κph) of these compounds have been studied to figure out the suitable application areas in thermally demanding situations. The pressure and temperature dependent bulk modulus (B) and other thermodynamic properties have also been analyzed, which suggested that the present compounds are strong candidates for device applications at high temperature and pressure. Owing to their high optical absorptivity and reflectivity in the UV region, they are also candidates for UV-based applications. Furthermore, they also have applicability in the fields of electronics, aviation, energy storage, and supercapacitor devices for their superior electronic, thermal and mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpon Chakraborty
- Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi Rajshahi-6205 Bangladesh
| | - M N H Liton
- Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi Rajshahi-6205 Bangladesh
- Department of Physics, Begum Rokeya University Rangpur-5400 Bangladesh
| | - M S I Sarker
- Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi Rajshahi-6205 Bangladesh
| | - M M Rahman
- Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi Rajshahi-6205 Bangladesh
| | - M K R Khan
- Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi Rajshahi-6205 Bangladesh
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Farzin A, Rahman MM, Mollika FA, Haque MM, Das P. Bacteriological Profile of Hospital Acquired Infection and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns in a Tertiary Care Hospital. Mymensingh Med J 2023; 32:787-793. [PMID: 37391975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
A hospital-acquired infection (HAI) is acquired in a hospital or other health care facilities. This is an extra burden in every unit of hospital as it increases the morbidity, mortality, cost of treatment and also duration of the hospital stays for the patients. This study aimed to find out the causative bacterial agents of HAI from different clinical samples and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the Department of Microbiology and Virology, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College, in collaboration with in-patient departments of Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital from January 2019 to December 2019. A total of 123 patients of different ages, sex were enrolled in this study. Samples were collected from postoperative wounds, post catheterized urinary tract infections, diabetic wounds and intravenous cannula from Surgery ward, Medicine ward and Obstetrics & Gynecology ward. Standard laboratory procedures were applied to isolate and identify the bacteria. The identified organisms were then tested for anti biogram. Among 123 patients 46 (37.4%) were affected by hospital acquired infections. Higher prevalence (n=28, 60.87%) of HAI was found in Surgery ward and the lower prevalence (n=9, 19.56%) was found in Medicine ward and Obstetrics & Gynecology ward. The most common type of infection was surgical wound infection (20, 43.48%). Out of all the HAIs irrespective of source and site, highest number were done by Staphylococcus aureus (15, 30.61%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (08, 16.33%), Escherichia coli (07, 14.29%), Serratia spp. (05, 6.12%), Aeromonas spp. (05, 6.12%), Acinetobacter spp. (02, 4.08%), Proteus spp. (02, 4.08%), Citrobacter spp. (02, 4.08%), Klebsiella spp. (02, 4.08%), CoNS (02, 4.08%), Enterobacter spp. (01, 2.04%) and Morganella morganii (01, 2.04%). The antimicrobial susceptibility data suggested that Gram positive bacteria are more susceptible to doxycycline, vancomycin and linezolid; while Gram negative bacteria were more susceptible to imipenem, levofloxacin and meropenem.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Farzin
- Dr Anika Farzin, Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Eastern Medical College, Cumilla, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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17
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Chowdhury MM, Warid MM, Mohammed S, Sobhan SA, Haque MN, Quiyum MA, Rahman Z, Mahmud R, Tanjim SM, Rahman MM. Biliary Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma: A Case Report. Mymensingh Med J 2023; 32:880-883. [PMID: 37391989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
A 10 years old boy who was initially diagnosed as choledochal cyst underwent laparotomy. There was presence of necrotic and soft tissue growth within common bile duct (CBD). After extensive toileting of bile duct, a T-tube was placed. His histopathology followed by immunohistochemistry revealed Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma. Later the patient received VAC regime chemotherapy. On follow-up imaging, there was no tumour mass in CBD. So, T-tube removed and now the patient is doing well.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Chowdhury
- Professor Dr Md Mohsen Chowdhury, Professor & Chairman, Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Liver Transplant Surgery Department, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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18
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Tuli JZ, Rahman MM, Biswas PS, Sarkar S, Nahar K, Momo FR. Comparison of Serum Phosphorus Level among Women with Preeclampsia and Normal Pregnancy. Mymensingh Med J 2023; 32:769-772. [PMID: 37391972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Pregnancy is a physiological state. During pregnancy increased physiological changes may lead to many biochemical and anatomical alterations. The biochemical changes that seen in blood of the pregnant mother are exaggerated in various complications of pregnancy like preeclampsia. Preeclampsia is a dangerous complication that may leads to maternal and neonatal mortality. Globally it affects 3.0-5.0% of pregnant women. The study was done to analyze the changes in serum phosphorus level in pre-eclamsia compared with normal pregnancy. The study was cross sectional and was performed from July 2016 to June 2017 in the department of Biochemistry, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Total 100 subjects were included in this study. Among them 50 preeclamptic patients were taken as case and another 50 normal pregnant women were taken as control. Statistical difference was calculated by Student's unpaired 't' test. Biochemical values were expressed as mean±SD. The mean±SD of serum phosphorus levels in case and control group were 2.81±0.79 and 3.40±0.87mg/dl respectively. The difference in mean±SD of serum phosphorus were highly significant (p<0.001) when compared between case and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Z Tuli
- Dr Jesmin Zahan Tuli, Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Sheikh Hasina Medical College, Jamalpur, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Alam QS, Alam MT, Sutrodhar PK, Islam MS, Hossain MM, Salam SI, Saha MK, Rahman MM, Hossain MZ, Roy MK. Outcomes of Varus Derotation Femoral Osteotomy By Angle Blade Plate in Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease for Patient Above Eight Years of Age in The Lateral Pillar B or B/C Group. Mymensingh Med J 2023; 32:677-680. [PMID: 37391959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (LCPD) that starts after 8 years (late onset) usually follow more aggressive course and the long-term outcome is also poor. Treatment method of LCPD that will produce best results is controversial particularly if the patients are with late-onset presentation. This prospective study was conducted from January 2015 to January 2019 at Dhaka Medical College Hospital and Health N Hope Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. We evaluated the radiographic outcomes for patients who had varus derotation femoral osteotomy (VDRO). We followed up 16 patients who had femoral varus osteotomy. All patients were above 8 years of age at clinical onset. The involvement of femoral epiphysis was in either in B or B/C in lateral pillar classification. All patients had MRI done to confirm radiological diagnosis and classification. The mean age was 9.5 years (range, 8 to 12 years). Final outcome was evaluated by using the Stulberg classification which was radiological. Important exclusion criteria were patient with bilateral involvement and requirement of femoral varus >30 degree. We had 81.25% of our patient with satisfactory outcomes. Among them there were Stulberg grade I, 0 cases; Stulberg grade II, 13 cases (81.25%); Stulberg III, 3 cases (18.75%), Stulberg IV and V both 0 case each. The surgical outcomes for varus derotation femoral osteotomy in late onset LCPD patients over 8 years old were showing the good results than other modalities of non surgical and surgical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q S Alam
- Dr Quazi Shahid-ul Alam, Assistant Professor of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Dhaka Medical College (DMC), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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20
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Alam QS, Saha MK, Alam MK, Rahman MA, Salam SI, Rahman MM, Hossain MJ, Roy MK, Alam MT, Mollick K, Islam MA. A Modified Approach for Harvesting Non Vascularized Fibular Graft for Pediatric Age Group. Mymensingh Med J 2023; 32:476-479. [PMID: 37002760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The conventional technique of harvesting free non-vascularized fibular grafting is associated with different scale of morbidity and usually a long scar. We follow a technique that causes minimum interference to the surrounding soft tissues to harvest the desired length of fibula. This prospective study was performed at Department of Orthopaedics, Dhaka Medical College Hospital from January 2018 to December 2018. Thirty patients of average age 10.5 years (range 8 to 14 years) were taken up for the study. The fibula was harvested by two separate incisions, 1 cm each at proximal and distal extent of proposed length of graft after elevating the periosteum circumferentially using a periosteum elevator. Compression bandage and above knee plaster immobilization was applied that help to reduce hematoma formation. The mean follow up is 12 months. The patients were evaluated clinically and by radiology. Twenty nine patients showed good results. One patient had delayed wound healing resulting in fair result. This modified approach of harvesting fibula reduces donor site morbidity and is safer and easier than conventional approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q S Alam
- Dr Quazi Shahid-ul Alam, Assistant Professor of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Dhaka Medical College (DMC), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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21
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Azad AK, Banik D, Hoque AF, Kader MA, Ray L, Hannan MA, Rahman MM, Shah MI, Siddique SU, Haque MM, Mariom ML, Jahan AS, Hossain MS, Masud M. Predicting Difficult Intubation by using Modified Mallampati (MMT) with or without Thyromental Height Test (TMHT). Mymensingh Med J 2023; 32:534-541. [PMID: 37002768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Failed Tracheal Intubation with Subsequent inability to maintain an open airway and adequate oxygenation is the most frequent cause of brain damage or death during anesthesia. Recognizing before anesthesia the potential for difficult intubation allows time for optimal preparation. Proper Selection of equipment and techniques is needed to avoid unwanted situation. To find out difficulties associated with endotracheal intubation using Modified Mallampati Test (MMT) combined with Thyromental Height Test (TMHT) and MMT without TMHT. This prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Anesthesia in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from April 2018 to September 2018. Two hundred two patients with different surgical procedures under general anaesthesia in different operation theaters of BSMMU, Dhaka were selected as study population. After taking written consents from each patient or his/her attendant elaborate history of illness, meticulous clinical examinations were performed and relevant laboratory investigations were done. All information was recorded in a preformed data sheet and statistical analysis was done by SPSS-22.0. Mean age ±SD of the study subjects was 42.49±14.29 years in MMT with TMHT group and 43.40±15.39 years in MMT without TMHT group. Females were enrolled more than males in both the groups. BMI was 28.75±3.59kg/m² in MMT with TMHT group and 29.44±8.64kg/m² in MMT without TMHT group. There were no significant differences in age, gender and BMI between the groups. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy were 100.0%, 96.0%, 96.2%, 100.0% and 98.0% respectively of MMT with TMHT in predicting intubation difficulty. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy were 100.0%, 96.0%, 96.2%, 100.0% and 98.0% respectively of MMT only in predicting intubation difficulty. MMT combined with TMHT is a better predictor of intubation difficulty than MMT alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Azad
- Dr Mohammad Abul Kalam Azad, Medical Officer, Department of Anesthesia, Analgesia & Intensive Care Medicine (AA&ICM), Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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22
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Siddiqui M, Globig A, Hoffmann B, Rahman MM, Islam MR, Chowdhury EH. Development of cell culture based peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus vaccine candidate from Bangladeshi isolates. J Virol Methods 2023; 314:114690. [PMID: 36775141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2023.114690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to develop a cell culture based PPR virus vaccine candidate using recent Bangladeshi strain of peste des petits ruminant's (PPR) virus. PPR virus was isolated from field outbreaks, confirmed by RT-PCR and used as viral inoculum for serial passaging in Vero cells for adaptation and attenuation. 60th serial passage had completed and RT-PCR and real time RT-PCR were done in every 5 passages for confirmation of PPR virus in tissue culture fluid (TCF). To assess the adaptation and attenuation cytopathology, virus titration, sequencing of both F and N genes and live animal experimentation were done. Different cellular alterations produced by PPR virus in infected Vero cells including syncytia formation, development of both intranuclear and intra cytoplasmic inclusion bodies and finally cell degradation are the indications of adaptation. The virus titre was found 2.5, 3.31, 3.55, 4.44, 4.71 and 6.5 Log10 TCID50/ml at 10th, 20th, 30th, 40th, 50th and 60th passages level respectively. In F gene sequence analysis it has been observed that few nucleotide (nt) and mino acid (aa) has been substituted as the effects of serial passaging of PPR virus in Vero cells. TCF at 60th passage level was found effective to produced protective antibody (Ab) titre in live animal experimentation. It is concluded that serially passaged and Vero cells adapted PPR virus TCF could be used as a vaccine candidate for further use to develop a potent & effective vaccine against PPR diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Msi Siddiqui
- Department of Anatomy & Histology, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal & Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh.
| | - Anja Globig
- Friedrich Loffler Institute, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, D-17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
| | - Bernd Hoffmann
- Friedrich Loffler Institute, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, D-17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
| | - M M Rahman
- Office of the Director General, Bangladesh Islamic Foundation, Ministry of Religious Affairs, Govt. of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - M R Islam
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.
| | - E H Chowdhury
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.
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Puthiaparampil T, Rahman MM, Sabrina BL, Nariman S, Shazrina AR. Rejuvenating multiple true-false: proposing fairer scoring methods. Med J Malaysia 2023; 78:213-217. [PMID: 36988533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic has reached a phase where many have been infected at least once. Healthcare workers were not spared from being infected. This study aimed to determine the period prevalence of COVID-19 among the paediatric healthcare workers in Negeri Sembilan as the country transitioned into an endemic phase of the pandemic. Additionally, we investigate potential sociodemographic and occupational characteristics associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among the healthcare workers in the paediatric department at three public specialist hospitals in Negeri Sembilan between 15 and 21 April 2022. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS Out of the 504 eligible healthcare workers, 493 participated in this study (response rate 97.8%). The overall prevalence of COVID-19 (11 March 2020-15 April 2022) among healthcare workers was 50.9%. The majority (80.1%) were infected during the Omicron wave two months before the survey. Household contacts accounted for 35.9% of infection sources. The proportion of non-doctors in the COVID-19-infected group was significantly higher compared to the non-infected group (74.1% vs 64.0%, p=0.016). The COVID-19-infected group had a higher proportion of schoolgoing children (44.6% vs 30.6%, p=0.001) and children who attended pre-school/sent to the babysitter (49.0% vs 24.4%, p<0.001). There were no significant differences between infection rates among the healthcare workers working in the tertiary hospital and the district hospitals. There were also no significant differences in the proportion of COVID-19- infected doctors and nurses when analysed by seniority. CONCLUSION Our study provided an estimate on the prevalence of COVID-19 among paediatric healthcare workers in Negeri Sembilan and the factors associated with infection, which captures the extent and magnitude of this pandemic on the state's paediatric department. Most infections resulted from household contact, with a higher proportion of infected healthcare workers having young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Puthiaparampil
- Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - M M Rahman
- Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - B L Sabrina
- Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - S Nariman
- Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - A R Shazrina
- Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sarawak, Malaysia
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Younes NA, Anik TR, Rahman MM, Wardany AA, Dawood MFA, Tran LSP, Abdel Latef AAH, Mostofa MG. Effects of microbial biostimulants ( Trichoderma album and Bacillus megaterium) on growth, quality attributes, and yield of onion under field conditions. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14203. [PMID: 36925528 PMCID: PMC10010997 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial biostimulants (MBs) promote plant growth and stress tolerance in a sustainable manner. However, precise field trials of MBs are required in natural setting with a range of crop varieties to harness the benefits of biostimulants on crop yield improvement. This study investigated the effects of two MBs, Trichoderma album and Bacillus megaterium, on an onion cultivar's growth, nutritional qualities, antioxidant properties, and yield potentials under field conditions for two successive years. Before transplantation, onion bulbs were gelatin-coated with 2.0 and 4.0 g L-1 of each of the MB. Results revealed that MBs-pretreated onion plants exhibited better growth indices, photosynthetic pigment contents, and yield-attributing features like bulb weight than control plants. Nutraceutical analysis demonstrated that T. album-pretreated (by 2.0 g L-1) onion cultivar enhanced the level of K+ (by 105.79%), Ca2+ (by 37.77%), proline (by 34.21%), and total free amino acids (by 144.58%) in bulb tissues over the control plants. Intriguingly, the pretreatment with both T. album and B. megaterium (by 2.0 g L-1) increased the levels of total soluble carbohydrates (by 19.10 and 84.02%), as well as antioxidant properties, including increased activities of superoxide dismutase (by 58.52 and 31.34%), catalase (by 164.71 and 232%), ascorbate peroxidase (by 175.35 and 212.69%), and glutathione-S-transferase (by 31.99 and 9.34%) and improved the contents of ascorbic acid (by 19.1 and 44.05%), glutathione (by 6.22 and 33.82%), and total flavonoids (by 171.98 and 56.24%, respectively) in the bulb tissues than control plants. Although both MBs promoted the growth and nutraceutical qualities of onion bulbs, T. album pretreatment showed better effects than that of B. megaterium in the field settings. Based on the morphophysiological attributes and biochemical properties, a low dose (2.0 g L-1) was more effective than a high dose (4.0 g L-1) of T. album in promoting onion growth. Overall, the current research findings imply that T. album might be a potential MB in improving growth and quality attributes, and hence the productivity of onion cultivars under field circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil A Younes
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Touhidur Rahman Anik
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Md Mezanur Rahman
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Ahmed A Wardany
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Mona F A Dawood
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - A A H Abdel Latef
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, 83523 Qena, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Golam Mostofa
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, Michigan, USA
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Ali MR, Bacchu MS, Das S, Akter S, Rahman MM, Saad Aly MA, Khan MZH. Label free flexible electrochemical DNA biosensor for selective detection of Shigella flexneri in real food samples. Talanta 2023; 253:123909. [PMID: 36152607 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An effective tool for early-stage selective detection of the foodborne bacterial pathogen Shigella flexneri (S. flexneri) is essential for diagnosing infectious diseases and controlling outbreaks. Here, a label-free electrochemical DNA biosensor for monitoring S. flexneri is developed. To fabricate the biosensor, detection probe (capture probe) is immobilized on the surface of poly melamine (P-Mel) and poly glutamic acid (PGA), and disuccinimidyl suberate (DSS) functionalized flexible indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode. Anthraquinone-2-sulfonic acid monohydrate sodium salt (AQMS) is used as a signal indicator for the detection of S. flexneri. The proposed DNA biosensor exhibits a wide dynamic range with concentration of the targets ranging from 1 × 10-6 to 1 × 10-21 molL-1 with a limit of detection (LOD) of 7.4 × 10-22 molL-1 in the complementary linear target of S. flexneri, and a detection range of 8 × 1010-80 cells/ml with a LOD of 10 cells/ml in real S. flexneri sample. The proposed flexible biosensor provides high specificity for the detection of S. flexneri compared to other target signals such as discrete base mismatches and different bacterial species. The developed biosensor displayed excellent recoveries in detecting S. flexneri in spiked food samples. Therefore, the proposed biosensor can serve as a model methodology for the detection of other pathogens in a broad span of industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Ali
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh; Laboratory of Nano-bio and Advanced Materials Engineering (NAME), Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - M S Bacchu
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh; Laboratory of Nano-bio and Advanced Materials Engineering (NAME), Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - S Das
- Dept. of Microbiology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - S Akter
- Dept. of Microbiology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - M M Rahman
- Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - M Aly Saad Aly
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), 333 Techno Jungang-daero, Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - M Z H Khan
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh; Laboratory of Nano-bio and Advanced Materials Engineering (NAME), Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh.
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Mostofa MG, Abdelrahman M, Rahman MM, Tran CD, Nguyen KH, Watanabe Y, Itouga M, Li W, Wang Z, Mochida K, Tran LSP. Karrikin Receptor KAI2 Coordinates Salt Tolerance Mechanisms in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Physiol 2023; 63:1927-1942. [PMID: 35997763 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plants activate a myriad of signaling cascades to tailor adaptive responses under environmental stresses, such as salinity. While the roles of exogenous karrikins (KARs) in salt stress mitigation are well comprehended, genetic evidence of KAR signaling during salinity responses in plants remains unresolved. Here, we explore the functions of the possible KAR receptor KARRIKIN-INSENSITIVE2 (KAI2) in Arabidopsis thaliana tolerance to salt stress by investigating comparative responses of wild-type (WT) and kai2-mutant plants under a gradient of NaCl. Defects in KAI2 functions resulted in delayed and inhibited cotyledon opening in kai2 seeds compared with WT seeds, suggesting that KAI2 played an important role in enhancing seed germination under salinity. Salt-stressed kai2 plants displayed more phenotypic aberrations, biomass reduction, water loss and oxidative damage than WT plants. kai2 shoots accumulated significantly more Na+ and thus had a lower K+/Na+ ratio, than WT, indicating severe ion toxicity in salt-stressed kai2 plants. Accordingly, kai2 plants displayed a lower expression of genes associated with Na+ homeostasis, such as SALT OVERLY SENSITIVE (SOS) 1, SOS2, HIGH-AFFINITY POTASSIUM TRANSPORTER 1;1 (HKT1;1) and CATION-HYDROGEN EXCHANGER 1 (NHX1) than WT plants. WT plants maintained a better glutathione level, glutathione-related redox status and antioxidant enzyme activities relative to kai2 plants, implying KAI2's function in oxidative stress mitigation in response to salinity. kai2 shoots had lower expression levels of genes involved in the biosynthesis of strigolactones (SLs), salicylic acid and jasmonic acid and the signaling of abscisic acid and SLs than those of WT plants, indicating interactive functions of KAI2 signaling with other hormone signaling in modulating plant responses to salinity. Collectively, these results underpin the likely roles of KAI2 in the alleviation of salinity effects in plants by regulating several physiological and biochemical mechanisms involved in ionic and osmotic balance, oxidative stress tolerance and hormonal crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Golam Mostofa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Mostafa Abdelrahman
- Faculty of Science, Galala University, Suze, El Sokhna 43511, Egypt
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt
| | - Md Mezanur Rahman
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Cuong Duy Tran
- Agricultural Genetics Institute, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Pham Van Dong St., Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Kien Huu Nguyen
- Agricultural Genetics Institute, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Pham Van Dong St., Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Yasuko Watanabe
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Misao Itouga
- Synthetic Genomics Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Weiqiang Li
- Jilin Da'an Agro-ecosystem National Observation Research Station, Changchun Jingyuetan Remote Sensing Experiment Station, Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Beijing 130102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Keiichi Mochida
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
- Microalgae Production Control Technology Laboratory, RIKEN Baton Zone Program, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
- School of Information and Data Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
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Yeasmin F, Nessa A, Rahman MM, Huq MM, Afroz L, Sharmin T, Akhter T, Rukunuzzaman M, Ferdous AR. A Comparative Study of Body Mass Index and Blood Pressure between Sedentary and Non-Sedentary Workers. Mymensingh Med J 2023; 32:61-64. [PMID: 36594302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Sedentary lifestyle are spreading worldwide because of lack of available spaces for exercise, increased occupational sedentary behaviors such as office work and the increased prevalence of television and video devices. Increased incidence of sedentary lifestyle and obesity in developed and developing countries is one of the major risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases. This study was undertaken to analyze the differences in anthropometric and cardiovascular parameters in sedentary and non-sedentary male subjects. This analytical type of cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh, Bangladesh from July 2021 to June 2022. This study consisted 50 male employees of 25-60 years who worked in an office were study group (Group II) and control group Group-I) consisted of 50 male age matched physical laborers. BMI was calculated as weight in kilogram divided by the height in meter square i.e. kg/m². Blood Pressure was measured by indirect auscultatory method with an aneroid sphygmomanometer. Statistical analysis was done by using Student's un-paired 't' test. Values expressed as mean ± standard deviation. P value was taken as significant at 5 percent confidence level. The mean±SD BMI in kg/m² of Group I and Group II were 21.90±2.22 and 29.32±3.13 respectively. The mean±SD systolic blood pressure of Group I and Group II were 112.20±6.79 and 145.10±8.11 and mean±SD diastolic blood pressure of Group I and Group II were 72.80±5.73 and 91.00±5.05 respectively. The BMI and blood pressure were increased in sedentary group compared to non-sedentary group. From the study, it appears that the risk for cardiovascular disease is increased in sedentary workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Yeasmin
- Dr Fahmida Yeasmin, Lecturer, Department of Physiology, Mymensingh Medical College (MMC), Mymensingh, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Chowdhury MM, Mahmud R, Quiyum MA, Rahman MM, Mohammed S, Sobhan SA, Warid MM. Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis- A Rare Cause of Obstructive Jaundice: A Case Report. Mymensingh Med J 2023; 32:257-260. [PMID: 36594330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Diagnosis of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is often very difficult and may have a suspicion with altered liver functions. PSC is known to be associated with inflammatory bowel disease. This article presents a case study of a 70 years old male patient who presented with obstructive jaundice with recurrent episode of cholangitis in June 2019 at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Evaluation revealed beaded appearance in MRCP with positive relevant markers which raised suspicion of PSC and it was confirmed by biopsy and histopathology of the affected segment in biliary tree. The importance of early detection of primary sclerosing cholangitis in an effort to decrease the morbidity and mortality from cholangiocarcinoma will also be emphasized and our management according to local protocol and outcome of this patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Chowdhury
- Professor Dr Md Mohsen Chowdhury, Professor and Chairman, Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic & Liver transplant Surgery Department, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Yeasmin L, Rahman MM, Banik RK, Islam AM. Effect of Full Veneer Crown on Periodontal Health in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:1005-1012. [PMID: 36189545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Both periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus (DM) are important public health issues. Compared to the non-diabetic counterparts, diabetic patients more often suffer from dental problems, sometimes requiring fixed-dental prosthesis. Gingival inflammation and other forms of periodontal disease are the common complications of the dental prosthesis. This prospective comparative experimental study was intended to compare the outcome of the periodontal health after placement of full veneer crown in diabetic and non-diabetic patients in the Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Bangladesh from April 2018 to March 2019. This study involved consecutive 53 diabetic and 53 non-diabetic adult patients of either sex, undergoing treatment with full veneer crown in either maxillary or mandibular posterior teeth with healthy periodontal tissue. The outcome variables were: plaque index, gingival index, periodontal pocket depth, and bleeding on probing, at baseline, 3 months and 6 months post-procedure. Gingival index in the diabetic group reached from 0 at baseline to nearly 0.1 at 3 months which then steeply reached to 0.2 at 6 months interval, whereas the same index in the non-diabetic group reached from 0 at baseline to 0.009 at 3 months and 0.04 at 6 months interval. Plaque index of diabetic patients increased from 0 at baseline to 0.5 at 3- and 6-months interval, whereas the plaque index of non-diabetic patients increased to 0.4 at 3 months and then decreased again 0.3 at 6 months interval (p<0.001). Periodontal pocket depth of diabetic group increased from 1.0mm at baseline to 1.2 and 1.5mm at 3 and 6 months respectively, while the same measure in the non-diabetic group increased to 1.1 and 1.3mm at 3 and 6 months respectively (p<0.001). Bleeding on probing index in the diabetic group reached sharply to 1.5 at 3 months from 0 at baseline and then it reached 2.3 at 6 months, whereas the same index in non-diabetic group reached 1.1 and 1.6 at 3 and 6 months respectively (p<0.001). Periodontal health outcome of full veener crown in diabetic patients is adversely affected compared to that in non-diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Yeasmin
- Dr Lovely Yeasmin, Lecturer, Prosthodontics, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Mostofa MG, Rahman MM, Ghosh TK, Kabir AH, Abdelrahman M, Rahman Khan MA, Mochida K, Tran LSP. Potassium in plant physiological adaptation to abiotic stresses. Plant Physiol Biochem 2022; 186:279-289. [PMID: 35932652 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Potassium (K) is an integral part of plant nutrition, playing essential roles in plant growth and development. Despite its abundance in soils, the limitedly available form of K ion (K+) for plant uptake is a critical factor for agricultural production. Plants have evolved complex transport systems to maintain appropriate K+ levels in tissues under changing environmental conditions. Adequate stimulation and coordinated actions of multiple K+-channels and K+-transporters are required for nutrient homeostasis, reproductive growth, cellular signaling and stress adaptation responses in plants. Various contemporary studies revealed that K+-homeostasis plays a substantial role in plant responses and tolerance to abiotic stresses. The beneficial effects of K+ in plant responses to abiotic stresses include its roles in physiological and biochemical mechanisms involved in photosynthesis, osmoprotection, stomatal regulation, water-nutrient absorption, nutrient translocation and enzyme activation. Over the last decade, we have seen considerable breakthroughs in K research, owing to the advances in omics technologies. In this aspect, omics investigations (e.g., transcriptomics, metabolomics, and proteomics) in systems biology manner have broadened our understanding of how K+ signals are perceived, conveyed, and integrated for improving plant physiological resilience to abiotic stresses. Here, we update on how K+-uptake and K+-distribution are regulated under various types of abiotic stress. We discuss the effects of K+ on several physiological functions and the interaction of K+ with other nutrients to improve plant potential against abiotic stress-induced adverse consequences. Understanding of how K+ orchestrates physiological mechanisms and contributes to abiotic stress tolerance in plants is essential for practicing sustainable agriculture amidst the climate crisis in global agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Golam Mostofa
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
| | - Md Mezanur Rahman
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Totan Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Md Arifur Rahman Khan
- Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Keiichi Mochida
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan; Microalgae Production Control Technology Laboratory, RIKEN Baton Zone Program, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan; Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan; School of Information and Data Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam.
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Rahman MM, Kamrul-Hasan AB, Jasmine T, Hossain MS, Rahman MM, Saha PK, Sarker MA. Relationship of Serum Uric Acid Level with Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Single-Center, Hospital-Based Study from Bangladesh. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:677-682. [PMID: 35780350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
The role of uric acid as a risk factor for cerebrovascular disease, particularly acute ischemic stroke, is controversial and there is little information about this in our setting. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the departments of Medicine and Neurology of a tertiary hospital in Bangladesh over one year, from January 2018 to December 2018, to estimate serum uric acid (SUA) levels and assess its risk factor potential in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Forty-five patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled and a similar number of age and sex-matched healthy individuals were recruited for comparison. All known risk factors for stroke were searched and SUA levels were measured. SUA was higher (6.66±2.33 vs. 5.23±1.81 mg/dL; p=0.002) and hyperuricemia was more frequent (64.4% vs. 24.4%, p<0.001) in stroke patients in comparison to the controls. Hypertension was more frequent among stroke patients. In multivariate analysis, hyperuricemia [OR 4.51 (95% CI 1.67-12.16; p<0.05)] and HTN [OR 6.31 (95% CI 2.26-17.61; p<0.001)] were found to be independent risk factors of acute ischemic stroke. The stroke and control groups had no differences in age, sex, residence, education, monthly income, occupation, fasting plasma glucose, triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were higher in the stroke patients. SUA may be used as a marker for increased risk of ischemic stroke. However, larger-scale studies are needed to get more insight into our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Rahman
- Dr Mohammad Mostafizur Rahman, Resident Physician, Department of Medicine, Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC) Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Alauddin M, Hossain MZ, Rahman MM, Roy MK, Minto MR, Islam MA, Islam MK, Islam MS, Saha MK, Mahmud AA, Siddiquee TH, Seraji SI. Management of Neglected Rupture of Tendoachilles with Long Gap by Flexor Hallucis Longus Tendon Transfer. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:861-868. [PMID: 35780375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The tendo achilles is one of most important tendon in human body which often injured through direct trauma or indirect stress on a weakened tendon. Longer the duration after injury the injured parts likely to move apart, fibrosis and degeneration leading to difficulty in repair or reconstruction. Usually a phase of 4 weeks or more without specific treatment is regarded as chronic or neglected rupture. Different authors described many management protocols about the tendo achilles rupture but there is no procedure of choice for neglected rupture with long gap. Prospective case series of 21 patients of neglected tendo achilles rupture with long gap treated with flexor hallucis longus tendon (FHLT) transfer was taken for study from January 2019 to December 2020 in Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh. Average age of patients was 39.47 years with range 22-65 years. Fifteen (15) cases of traumatic rupture in this study with average age 32.66 years and pathologic 6 cases with average age 56.5 years were recorded. We grafted FHLT from channel by incising Henry's knot. Krackow et al.'s technique was followed for tendon mobilization and bone fixation. We made procedure simpler and cheaper; instead of using interference screw the sutured tendon pulled through the heel and anchored over rubber tube or button by Cole method. Post-operative complications were less with one patient with superficial infection which eventually recovered 3 cases of mild pain and 2 cases of numbness. Questionnaire for surgical outcome measure are satisfactory in 19 patients (90.47%). Final follow up AOFAS score at 6 month (91.61±5.41) was highly significant (p<0.001) in comparison to preoperative score (38.71±9.78). These are comparable to other study. Above mentioned scores indicate the reliability of the surgical system. But our study is a prospective case series with minimum cases. To establish the best procedure for neglected tendo achilles rupture with long gap we recommend further study with larger group and Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) study among different procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alauddin
- Dr Md Alauddin, Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedics, Mymensingh Medical College (MMC), Mymensingh, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Hasan MK, Rashid MM, Hussain KS, Rahman MM, Rahaman MA, Alam I, Farjana J, Mamun A, Mahmud J, Majumder AR. Association of Aortic Valve Sclerosis with Angiographic Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome, Aged ≤65 Years. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:767-772. [PMID: 35780362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aortic valve sclerosis (AVS) represents a degenerative process that progresses with advancing age. The study was intended to find out the association between aortic valve sclerosis and the severity of CAD in patient's age ≤65 years with acute coronary syndrome. This cross-sectional analytical study was carried out in the department of cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Dhaka, Bangladesh during a period of October 2017 to September 2018. A total of 140 Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients undergoing coronary angiogram during index hospitalization were included in the study. Study patients were divided into two groups on the basis of echocardiographic presence or absence of Aortic valve sclerosis (AVS), with 70 patients in each group. Group I was patients with aortic valve sclerosis and Group II was patients without aortic valve sclerosis. All patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography before they underwent coronary angiography on different days. Severity of CAD was determined by Gensini score and Vessel score. Association of traditional risk factors (smoking habit, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia and family history of CAD) with severity of CAD was investigated. Coronary angiography showed that AVS group had a higher positive rate of CAD (82.9% vs. 54.3%, p<0.001) and incidence rate of triple vessel CAD (40% vs. 14.3%, p<0.001) than non-AVS group. Gensini score had higher in AVS group than non AVS group (37.9±27.8 vs. 12.5±14.2; p<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that AVS (p=0.01) and age (p=0.04) were independent predictors of the presence of significant coronary artery disease. The study concluded that echocardiographically detected AVS is an independent predictor of coronary artery disease severity. There is positive correlation between severity of AVS and severity of CAD in patient's age ≤65 years with ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Hasan
- Dr Md Kamrul Hasan, Assistant Registrar, Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Rahman MM, Khasru MR, Rahman MA, Mohajan K, Fuad SM, Haque F, Bilkis F, Islam KA, Hasan MN, Hosain M. Quality of Life Assessment by SF-36 among the Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:586-591. [PMID: 35780337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients have substantial functional disability which poses a significant impact on the quality of life (QoL). So, this study aims to assess the QoL of RA patients by the Short Form Health Survey-36 (SF-36) questionnaire. Total sixty-two (62) rheumatoid arthritis patients were included in this cross-sectional observational study and were performed in the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from August 2018 to September 2019 according to selection criteria. A Bengali validated version of Medical Outcomes Study-36: Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire was used to assess QoL. Among the sixty-two (62) patients, mean age was 44.18±12.14 years with female preponderance (77.4%). About one-fifth of the patients (19.4%, n=12) were illiterate and the majority (71.0%, n=44) were housewives. Amongst all, 53.2% (n=33) had monthly family income >20,000 taka. Forty percent (n=25) had a disease duration of 1 to 5 years. According to Disease Activity Score Sheet 28 (DAS-28), 36(58.1%) patients had moderate disease activity and 26(41.9%) patients had high disease activity. Among the 8 domains, the mental health domain had the highest score (42.77±13.78) and the role physical domain had the lowest (35.89±15.43). Male, literate patients with higher income had relatively better QoL. Patients with prolonged disease, high disease activity and irregular taking of Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) had poor quality of life. A significant negative correlation was present between SF-36 scores and the DAS-28 scores (r = -0.803, p<0.001). Rheumatoid arthritis had a relatively poor quality of life regarding both physical and mental health components, but the physical health component was predominantly affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Rahman
- Dr Md Mubdiur Rahman, Assistant Registrar, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Farjana J, Rahman MA, Rahman MM, Khalequzzaman M, Hussain KS, Firoz MU, Rahaman MA, Zaman S, Mamun A, Hasan MK, Rahman MA, Ali M. Association of Diastolic Dysfunction with Angiographic Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in patients with Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:773-778. [PMID: 35780363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, diastolic dysfunction is an evolving context. Presence of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) indicates a poor prognosis in patients with an ACS and chronic coronary artery diseases. This study evaluated the association of LVDD and angiographic severity of CAD in patients with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). This cross-sectional analytical study was carried out in National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Dhaka, Bangladesh, during the period of April 2017 to March 2018. A total of 120 NSTEMI patients undergoing coronary angiogram (CAG) during index hospitalization were included in the study. All patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography before they underwent CAG on different days. Presence (Group I, n=65) and absence of LVDD (Group II, n=55) was established by echocardiography. Severity of CAD was assessed by Vessel score and Leaman score. Association of traditional risk factors (smoking habit, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and family history of CAD) with severity of CAD was investigated. Vessel score showed coronary artery obstruction (CAO) was present in 62(95.4%) patients in Group I and 35(63.6%) patients in Group II, single vessel was involved in 17(27.4%) patients while multi vessel in 45(72.6%) patients was found in Group I. On the contrary 27(77.1%) single vessel patients and 8(22.9%) multi vessel patients were found in Group II. Positive Leaman score was significantly higher in Group I, 62(95.4%) than that of Group II, 35(63.6%) which is statistically significant (p<0.001). This study showed a positive correlation between LVDD and CAD severity in terms of vessel score and Leamanscore. This study also demonstrates that the severity of vessel score and Leaman score was higher in the higher grade of diastolic dysfunction. The present study concludes that LVDD is associated with angiographically severe CAD in patients with NSTEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Farjana
- Dr Jinat Farjana, MD, Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Rahman MM, Ezeigwe O. 982 ARE POST FALL CT HEAD SCANS DONE ACCORDING TO TRUST GUIDELINES. Age Ageing 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac126.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Falls are a major public health concern, which poses a high risk of injury and even death. Due to fears regarding increased morbidity and mortality post fall, we have noticed that there is a tendency for junior doctors to request computerized tomography (CT) head scans beyond clinical reasoning and indications that are not found in the trusts post falls protocol. In addition, we discovered significant delays in completion of inpatient CT head scans resulting in delayed management. We therefore embarked on an audit with the aim of improving post falls assessment. We assessed compliance with trust post fall protocol regarding suspected head injury and requesting of urgent CT head scans, if urgent CT had scan are done within 1 hour and carrying out neurological observations post fall. The initial audit outcomes demonstrated poor compliance with the audited standards. As a result we introduced a new comprehensive post falls assessment proforma.
Results
We re-audited after the introduction of the new falls proforma, assessing inpatient falls from 20th January to 27th February 2021 at the William Harvey Hospital. 69% of falls cases have CT head scans requested as per trust policy, an improvement of 77% from the initial audit. 50% of patients who met the criteria for urgent CT head scans had it done within one hour of the request being made, an improvement of 150%. 84% of patient’s had neurological observations recorded as part of post fall assessment, an improvement of 12% from the initial audit.
Conclusion
The improvements seen in the audited standards are indicative that the new post falls proforma improves compliance with the trusts post falls protocol. We recommend that the new post falls proforma be a part of the trusts post fall protocol and for it to be included in the trust induction to new doctors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Rahman
- William Harvey Hospital; East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust
| | - O Ezeigwe
- William Harvey Hospital; East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust
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Huq FN, Momenuzzaman NAM, Chowdhury AW, Hoque MM, Khan KN, Begum F, Shafique AM, Anis R, Rahman MA, Nahar S, Chakraborty S, Ahmad T, Khan TA, Ullah R, Rahman MM. Effect of telephone-monitored home-based cardiac rehabilitation exercise on functional capacity and quality of life in heart failure patients in a lower-middle-income country. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac056.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Introduction
Chronic heart failure (CHF) prevails as one of the major cardiovascular diseases in lower-middle-income countries (LMICs) like Bangladesh. Home-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation (HBCR) is a cost-effective method of secondary prevention of chronic heart failure which, if provided, might not only improve the health status of the patients but might also reduce the financial and hospitalization burden on the health care system of these countries. The study aims to assess the scope and benefits of HBCR in such low resource settings.
Purpose
The study evaluates the effect of telephone-monitored HBCR exercise programme in improving the functional capacity and quality of life (QoL) in patients of CHF with reduced ejection fraction due to ischemic heart disease (IHD).
Method
This self-controlled interventional study was conducted from August 2019 to July 2020 at a heart failure clinic, a tertiary healthcare centre in Bangladesh. A total of 115 patients of CHF with ejection fraction <40% and in NYHA class II and III were included in the study according to selection criteria. The functional capacity of the patients was evaluated by NYHA classification and 6-minute walk test. The quality of life of the patients was evaluated by Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ). All patients were advised to perform HBCR exercise as per recommended guideline and were telephone-monitored 2-weekly. After the 3-months study period, the participants were divided into compliant and partial compliant groups based on their adherence to the guideline. Repeat evaluation of patients' condition was carried out. Results were then compared within the groups and data was analyzed through appropriate statistical methods.
Results
Significant improvement of NYHA class (p<0.05), and 6-minute walk test distance (6MWTD) (1102.01±215.90 feet vs 1243.30±217.86 feet; p<0.001) were noticed after the rehabilitation programme. Improvement of total MLHFQ score was also observed (35.53±14 vs 28.22±12.84; p<0.001) at 3-months follow up. The functional capacity and quality of life of the patients in both the compliant and partially compliant groups showed significant improvement after the rehabilitation programme (p<0.001); though no difference was found in the indicators when compared between compliant vs partially compliant groups after rehabilitation except for 6MWTD (1302.86±219.61 feet vs 1230.71±212.284 feet, p<0.001).
Conclusion
From the results, it can be concluded that any amount of routine exercise tends to improve quality of life and symptoms in patients of chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. However, to achieve the best effect in functional capacity and overall health status, the addition of a structured exercise programme like HBCR can be beneficial for proper rehabilitation in low resource settings. Further validation of the results is recommended through randomized control trials in larger study groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- FN Huq
- United Hospital Ltd, Cardiology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - AW Chowdhury
- Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Cardiology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - MM Hoque
- Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Biochemistry, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - KN Khan
- United Hospital Ltd, Cardiology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - F Begum
- United Hospital Ltd, Cardiology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - AM Shafique
- United Hospital Ltd, Cardiology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - R Anis
- United Hospital Ltd, Cardiology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - MA Rahman
- Sorkari Karmachari Hospital, Cardiology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - S Nahar
- United Hospital Ltd, Cardiology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - T Ahmad
- United Hospital Ltd, Cardiology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - TA Khan
- United Hospital Ltd, Cardiology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - R Ullah
- United Hospital Ltd, Cardiology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - MM Rahman
- Keraniganj Upazila Health Complex, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Das BC, Elahi NE, Uddin MS, Ansary AA, Rahman MM, Haque N, Sobhan SA, Mahmud R, Khan ZR. Management of Choledocholithiasis: Should We Remove the Bile Duct? Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:564-568. [PMID: 35383782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Retrieval of stone by endoscopic papillotomy, laparoscopic choledochotomy or open choledochotomy is the treatment of choice for choledocholithiasis. Published literature shows that the recurrence rate is 4% to 24% with existing method of treatment. We have treated 8 patients who admitted with recurrent choledocholithiasis in the department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Liver Transplant Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Bangladesh in the period of January 2016 to December 2019. None had intrahepatic duct abnormality or stones. All patients underwent either ERCP stenting, open choledocholithotomy or both 16 to 84 months back. Management policy is designed and outcome is observed on these patients. There were 3 males and 5 females; age ranges 18 to 60 years. The common bile duct (CBD) diameter of all patient ranges from 15 to 24mm. The shape of CBD is different from normal variant; S shaped, saculated, grossly dilated with terminal narrowing. Considering the anatomical abnormality and recurrence of disease we have removed the abnormal part of common bile duct along with stones and the operation was completed by Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy. All patients were completely symptom free for 6 to 48 months after surgery. Removal of abnormal part of common bile duct with reconstruction in the form of Roux-en-Y hepatico-jejunostomy may be considered for treating choledocholithiasis with abnormal CBD (abnormally dilated, abnormally shaped, angulated or sacculated) however, long-term follow up is required for final comment.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Das
- Dr Bidhan Chandra Das, Professor, Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Alam MM, Rahman MM, Parvin T, Al-Amin M, Khaled MF, Bajracharya P, Islam MA, Mahjabeen F, Dey D, Shakil SS. Simple Treadmill Score: Does It Have Better Predictability for Coronary Artery Disease? Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:490-497. [PMID: 35383771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease is one of the most prevalent causes of increasing mortalitiy in current time. Early detection of such dreadful condition by a non-invasive test like exercise treadmill test, is a much-required option to prevent future complications like myocardial infarction. The aim of this study was to find out how different the predictability of simple treadmill score in comparison to other treadmill scores namely the well-known Duke treadmill score and Cleveland clinic score. In a cross-sectional analytical study of total 130 individuals with stable angina were included according to criteria set before the study. The treadmill scores of these patients were calculated and compared to coronary angiogram findings where coronary artery angiograms were done according to clinical need. Simple treadmill test had similar predictability for coronary artery disease when we compared it with much-applied Duke Treadmill Test and Cleveland Clinic Score- which is currently used for mortality prediction. Receiver Operator Characteristics (ROC) Curve showd all scores had around 0.7 area under the curve (AUC) which is highly statistically significant (p<0.0001) though simple treadmill score in females has higher sensitivity (92.3%). Simple treadmill score can be considered to exclude female patients from undergoing invasive investigation as it has higher sensitivity than other currently practiced treadmill scores i.e., Duke treadmill score.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Alam
- Dr Md Mashiul Alam, Resident, Department of Internal Medicine, Bridgeport Hospital/ Yale University, CT, USA; E-mail:
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Rahman MM, Hassan MR, Kabir S, Immamuzzaman M, Rahman SR, Basher MS. Health Problems of Bangladeshi Tannery Workers. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:421-427. [PMID: 35383761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tanners are exposed to raw hides as well as to various toxic chemicals. The study was intended to find out the health problems among tannery workers. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 among 223 workers working with raw hides and chemicals selected by stratified random sampling in ten tanneries of Leather Industry Area, Hemayetpur, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Data were collected by the principal investigator after taking informed written consent from the tanners using a pre-tested interview schedule and a check-list. Data were cross-checked for consistency and accuracy. All relevant ethical issues including approval from Institutional Review Board (IRB), and data quality assurance issues were taken into consideration. Analysis of data was carried out by using computer software SPSS version 20.0 with anonymity. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the data, while Chi-square test was carried out to measure statistical association. As many as 97(43.5%) workers were in age group of 15 to 24 years with a mean age of 28.4±9.5 years. An overwhelming majority 204(91.5%) were males, three-fifths 134(60.1%) of the workers were married, while 213(95.5%) tanners had religion Islam. Majority 122(54.7%) tanners had primary level of education, whereas 56(25.1%) had secondary level and 44(19.7%) had no formal schooling. The mean monthly family income was 13744.4±3485.5 Taka. More than three-fourths 170(76.2%) workers had more than four family members with over half 114(51.1%) of the workers were smokers. Of 223, over half 124(55.6%) of the workers were affected with at least one health problem. Majority of the workers suffered from skin diseases (51.6%), musculoskeletal disorders (33.1%), gastrointestinal problems (22.6%), chronic headache (14.5%) and respiratory problems (14.5%). Only 9(4.0%) workers had pre-placement orientation, while 196(66.4%) workers did not notice the necessity for pre-placement training. Of ten tanneries, cent per cent had foul smell, 80.0% each had poor lighting and discomfort temperature, 60.0% had intolerable noise, 50.0% were with poor ventilation system, and only 30.0% had adequate waste management facilities. The tanneries did not have medical facilities even for emergency conditions. Health problems are significantly associated with job duration (p<0.01), working sections (p<0.05) and smoking status (p<0.001) of the workers. The overall environment of the tanneries is far from satisfactory. Skin diseases, musculoskeletal disorders, gastrointestinal problems, chronic headache and respiratory diseases are the common identified health problems. A considerable number of workers are unconcerned for the pre-placement orientation, and do not use Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs). As a rule, Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs) are not made available to workers by the tannery authorities, and lack of treatment facilities of the tanneries is a common place.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Rahman
- Dr Mohammad Mosiur Rahman, MPH (CM) Program, Department of Community Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Ali MZ, Rahman MM, Hossain MB. Knowledge and Preventive Practice on COVID-19 among Civil Employees Working In Selected Unit of Dhaka Cantonment. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:512-521. [PMID: 35383774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Corona viruses are a large group of viruses that are responsible for sickness starting from mild common cold to extremely severe form of diseases. Prevention is the best method to control COVID-19 pandemic. The World Health Organization recommended that generating awareness by enriching knowledge of people to rule out COVID-19. To find out the level of knowledge and status of preventive practice on COVID-19 among Civil employees of Central Ordnance Depot (COD) and Central Mechanical Transport Depot (CMTD) of Dhaka Cantonment. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 151 civil employees of COD (Central Ordnance Depot) and CMTD (Central Mechanical Transport Depot), Dhaka cantonment from July 2020 to June 2021. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select the respondents. Data collection was done by face to face interview with using semi-structured questionnaire. The mean age of the respondent was 37.94±10.12 years. Among the respondents 84.8% were male, rest 15.2% were female. Mean score of knowledge highest (17.73) in 18-29 years age group, in female (17.83), 2nd class employee (18.00) and those qualified in graduation and above (17.27). Regarding level of knowledge 77.48% respondents had excellent knowledge, of which most of them were doing practice. The association between knowledge and preventive practice of COVID-19 on hand washing (p=0.01), wearing face mask (p=0.000), maintaining social distance (p=0.002) were found statistically significant. In this study most of the respondents had 'excellent' and 'good' level of knowledge on COVID-19, of which most of them were doing practice. There are some, those who had knowledge but not doing practice. On the other hand some had no knowledge on particular event of COVID-19, but were doing practice unknowingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Z Ali
- Col ASM Zulfiquer Ali, M Phil Course Member, AFMI, Dhaka Cantonment, Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Chowdhury MM, Ullah AA, Mohammed S, Warid MM, Rahman MM, Mahmud R, Ahsan SM, Quiyum MA, Siddiqui O, Sobhan SA. Post-Operative Severe Hyperbilirubinemia: A Case Report. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:556-561. [PMID: 35383780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hyperbilirubinemia is commonly seen in medical practice. But what could be the highest level of bilirubin in an individual that is still an unanswered question. We came across to a 37 years old lady in October 2018 with hepaticolithiasis who underwent extended choledocholithotomy. Her preoperative serum bilirubin was within normal range. Post-operatively she developed cholangitis and from 3rd post-operative day onwards she developed severe hyperbilirubinemia, which was high as 70.47 mg/dl on the 6th post-operative day. Other causes of post-operative hyperbilirubinemia were excluded. She was managed conservatively for this hyperbilirubinemia and bilirubin level gradually reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Chowdhury
- Professor Md Mohsen Chowdhury, Professor & Chairman, Department of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Liver Transplant Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Majumder ABD, Rahman MT, Islam AKM, Ullah M, Zaman MK, Reza MA, Islam MS, Khan RC, Rahman MZ, Rahman MM, Awal MA, Kabir S, Paul GK, Nasrin S, Zaman S. Evaluation of outcome of Coronavirus disease 2019 patients receiving RAAS inhibitors (OCRAS study): a prospective observational study of Bangladeshi hypertensive patients. Eur Heart J 2022. [PMCID: PMC9383380 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab849.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Private company. Main funding source(s): Beximco Pharmaceutical Limited, Bangladesh
OnBehalf
Cardiology Study Group (Bangladesh)
Background
The fact that SAARS-Cov2 virus enters cells through ACE2 receptors and the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitors (RAASi) upregulate the ACE2 receptors, there was speculation that use of RAASi may lead increased cellular entry of the virus. There was a pause for a brief period of the use of RAASi in COVID 19 patients. But clinically the speculation has been found to be incorrect. Different professional societies come up with the assertion to continue to use RAASi. As the hesitancy among the clinicians appears to continue and there is no first hand data regarding the safety of the use of RAASi in Bangladeshi population, the study was undertaken to evaluate the safety of RAASi in COVID 19 patients.
Aims & Methods
This study was a prospective, observational multi-center study to evaluate the outcome of COVID-19 patients receiving RAAS inhibitors. Adult Hypertensive patients (age ≥18 years) with diagnosed COVID-19 confirmed by RT-PCR test who have a history of taking either ACE inhibitor/ARB or any other anti-hypertensive medication. Evaluation of outcome was assessed by rate of hospitalization, requirement of oxygen therapy, requirement of high flow nasal cannula, admission to ICU and mortality between two groups. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS for Windows, version 20.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).
Results
We collected data from 147 Covid-19 positive patients confirmed by RT-PCR. Among them, 117 (79.6%) had a history of taking RAAS inhibitor and 30 had history of taking other antihypertensive medications. Of them, two-third patients had more than 50 years of age and more than half of the patients had overweight or obesity. Other than hypertension they had several comorbidities such as Diabetes Mellitus (45.4%), Ischemic Heart Diseases (35.4%), Asthma or COPD (15%) etc. Rate of hospitalization had no statistical difference between RAAS inhibitor group and other hypertensive group (48.7% vs 46.70% respectively; p-value - 0.841). There was no statistical difference between two groups in terms of requirement of oxygen therapy (p-value - 0.297), High Flow Nasal Cannula (p-value - 0.430), intensive care unit (p-value - 0.194) and death (p-value – 0.383) also. Almost half and one-third of the patients had persistence of symptoms even after 14 days and 28 days respectively. Fatigue, cough, breathlessness, loss of appetite and taste were the most common symptoms among those.
Conclusion
In our study we found that RAAS inhibitor treatment had no adverse effect on the outcome of COVID-19 patients compared with other antihypertensive drugs. Patients may continue receiving ACEIs and ARBs for the treatment of any indication for RAASi without an increased risk of worse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M T Rahman
- Col. Malek Medical College, Cardiology, Manikganj, Bangladesh
| | - A K M Islam
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M Ullah
- Sir Salimullah Medical College, Cardiology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M K Zaman
- Dhaka Medical College, Cardiology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M A Reza
- Beximco Pharmaceuticals, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M S Islam
- KY Medical College, Cardiology, Sirajganj, Bangladesh
| | - R C Khan
- Sher-E-Bangla Medical College, Barisal, Cardiology, Barisal, Bangladesh
| | - M Z Rahman
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M M Rahman
- Rangpur Medical College, Cardiology, Rangpur, Bangladesh
| | - M A Awal
- Chittagong Medical College, Cardiology, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - S Kabir
- AR Medical College, Cardiology, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
| | - G K Paul
- Mymensingh medical college, Cardiology, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - S Nasrin
- Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital & Research Institute, Cardiology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - S Zaman
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Habib FB, Rahman MM, Haque MM, Dey PR, Das P, Choudhury R, Rahman MA, Hasan MN. Role of Rotaviral Antigen Detection by ICT in Acute Diarrhoeic Children below 5 Years in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:112-116. [PMID: 34999689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rotavirus is responsible for acute severe watery diarrhoea in young children. Early and rapid detection of Rotavirus infection can help to reduce inappropriate administration of antibiotics and has future positive impact on prevention of drug resistance. This cross-sectional study was designed to determine the role of Rotaviral antigen detection by ICT from stool sample of acute diarrhoeal children below five years admitted in Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital, Sylhet and was carried out in the Department of Microbiology in collaboration with the Department of Paediatrics during the period from 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2018. Total 184 children of under five years of age with acute watery diarrhoea were enrolled in this study. Rotaviral antigen was detected by ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) and ICT (Immunochromatographic test) from stool samples. Out of 184 stool samples, Rotaviral antigen was found positive in 84 and 86 cases by ICT and ELISA methods, respectively. ICT showed sensitivity of 90.70% and specificity of 93.88% when compared with ELISA. The Rotavirus infection was found highest in male children (61.90%) and in age group of 7 to 12 months (51.89%). Considering the importance of Rotaviral diarrhoea, rapid detection of Rotavirus infection by ICT is essentially needed and might be practiced routinely as it is relatively reliable, easy to perform and cost-effective. It is particularly important in Bangladesh, where diarrhoea is still contributing a significant proportion of morbidity and mortality in under five children.
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Affiliation(s)
- F B Habib
- Dr Farjana-Binte-Habib, Lecturer, Department of Microbiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail: farjanahabib33@gmail
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Salahuddin AZ, Roy AS, Ahammed SU, Asadujjaman M, Das SK, Hossain MB, Miah OF, Borman GC, Afroz N, Bhattacharjee S, Rahman MM, Datta P, Islam MS, Hasib M, Islam H, Firoz NH, Khan SR, Saha BK, Khan SI. Pattern of Glomerular Disease in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:80-87. [PMID: 34999684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Glomerular disease is one of the most important causes of chronic kidney disease in developing countries like Bangladesh as well as the whole world. The pattern of glomerular disease varies in different countries and can have different clinical presentations. The aim of the study was to analyze the clinical profile and to determine the histological pattern of glomerular diseases in a large tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh. All kidney biopsies performed in Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh from October 2018 to March 2020 were prospectively analyzed in the study. A total of 101 patients with kidney biopsy were examined by clinical and laboratory findings and by light and immuno-fluorescence microscopy. The mean age was 30.0±14.6 years and 50(49.5%) were male and 51(50.5%) were female with a male to female ratio of 1:1. The clinical syndromes namely nephrotic syndrome, nephritic syndrome, nephrito-nephrotic presentation, RPGN like presentation, macroscopic haematuria and asymptomatic urine abnormality were present in 31.7%, 34.5%, 22.8%, 11.9%, 19.8% and 10.9% patients respectively. The most common histological varieties found in the study were mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MesPGN) (18.8%) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) (18.8%). Other histopathological pattern among the studied subjects revealed minimal change disease (MCD) in 5.9%, membranous nephropathy (MN) in 7.9%, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) in 16.8%, IgA nephropathy in 5%, IgM nephropathy in 2%, IgG nephropathy in 2%, diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis (DPGN) in 1%, focal proliferative glomerulo-nephritis (FPGN) in 3%, crescentic GN in 3%, lupus nephritis (LN) in 13.9%, amyloidosis in 1% and fibrillary glomerulopathy in 1% patient. The pattern of glomerular disease found in this study was similar to other studies performed in Bangladesh with a little variation. It may guide the future researchers to establish a national kidney biopsy registry in Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Z Salahuddin
- Dr Abu Zafor Md Salahuddin, Registrar, Department of Nephrology, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Rahman MM, Alam MM, Alam MJ, Bari MS, Binte-Habib F, Sarkar SM, Rahman MA, Hasan MN. Short Term Outcome of Therapeutic ERCP in the Management of Biliary Ascariasis in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:124-128. [PMID: 34999691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The history of ascariasis is very old. It is endemic in various parts of Bangladesh. Hepatobiliary ascariasis is a well-known complication of the intestinal ascariasis. Although cosmopolitan, it predominantly affects people in Asia, Africa, and South America. This was a prospective observational study conducted from July to December 2014 to explore the short term outcome of therapeutic ERCP in the treatment of biliary ascariasis in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh. A total of 60 cases of biliary ascariasis were selected conveniently in this study. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews and observation with the help of data sheet. Data were checked for quality control and analyzed by computer using SPSS software. The mean±SD age of the patients was 30.96±7.66 years. All the patients were aged between 17 and 55 years and predominantly affect women in the 3rd and 4th decades. The most common presentation was upper abdominal pain in 47(83.32%) of the patients. Ultrasound was the diagnostic tool of choice, where biliary ascariasis was found in 40(66.7%) of patients. ERCP is reserved mainly for therapeutic purposes and found successful in 57(95%) of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Rahman
- Dr Mohammed Mirazur Rahman, Junior Consultant (Medicine), Upazila Health Complex, Kaliganj, Gazipur, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Zare A, Stevanovic S, Jafari M, Verma P, Babaie M, Yang L, Rahman MM, Ristovski ZD, Brown RJ, Bodisco TA. Analysis of cold-start NO 2 and NOx emissions, and the NO 2/NOx ratio in a diesel engine powered with different diesel-biodiesel blends. Environ Pollut 2021; 290:118052. [PMID: 34479164 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the transportation sector, the share of biofuels such as biodiesel is increasing and it is known that such fuels significantly affect NOx emissions. In addition to NOx emission from diesel engines, which is a significant challenge to vehicle manufacturers in the most recent emissions regulation (Euro 6.2), this study investigates NO2 which is a toxic emission that is currently unregulated but is a focus to be regulated in the next regulation (Euro 7). This manuscript studies how the increasing share of biofuels affects the NO2, NOx, and NO2/NOx ratio during cold-start (in which the after-treatment systems are not well-effective and mostly happens in urban areas). Using a turbocharged cummins diesel engine (with common-rail system) fueled with diesel and biofuel derived from coconut (10 and 20% blending ratio), this study divides the engine warm-up period into 7 stages and investigates official cold- and hot-operation periods in addition to some intermediate stages that are not defined as cold in the regulation and also cannot be considered as hot-operation. Engine coolant, lubricating oil and exhaust temperatures, injection timing, cylinder pressure, and rate of heat release data were used to explain the observed trends. Results showed that cold-operation NOx, NO2, and NO2/NOx ratio were 31-60%, 1.14-2.42 times, and 3-8% higher than the hot-operation, respectively. In most stages, NO2 and the NO2/NOx ratio with diesel had the lowest value and they increased with an increase of biofuel in the blend. An injection strategy change significantly shifted the in-cylinder pressure and heat release diagrams, aligned with the sudden NOx drop during the engine warm-up. The adverse effect of cold-operation on NOx emissions increased with increasing biofuel share.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Zare
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, VIC, 3216, Australia.
| | | | - Mohammad Jafari
- Biofuel Engine Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), QLD, 4000, Australia; International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Puneet Verma
- Biofuel Engine Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), QLD, 4000, Australia; International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Meisam Babaie
- School of Computing, Science and Engineering (CSE), University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, Salford, United Kingdom
| | - Liping Yang
- Institute of Power and Energy Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, No. 145-1, Nantong Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - M M Rahman
- School of Mechanical Aerospace and Automotive Engineering, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 2JH, UK
| | - Zoran D Ristovski
- Biofuel Engine Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), QLD, 4000, Australia; International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Richard J Brown
- Biofuel Engine Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), QLD, 4000, Australia
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Ghosh TK, Tompa NH, Rahman MM, Mohi-Ud-Din M, Al-Meraj SMZ, Biswas MS, Mostofa MG. Acclimation of liverwort Marchantia polymorpha to physiological drought reveals important roles of antioxidant enzymes, proline and abscisic acid in land plant adaptation to osmotic stress. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12419. [PMID: 34824915 PMCID: PMC8590393 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Liverwort Marchantia polymorpha is considered as the key species for addressing a myriad of questions in plant biology. Exploration of drought tolerance mechanism(s) in this group of land plants offers a platform to identify the early adaptive mechanisms involved in drought tolerance. The current study aimed at elucidating the drought acclimation mechanisms in liverwort’s model M. polymorpha. The gemmae, asexual reproductive units of M. polymorpha, were exposed to sucrose (0.2 M), mannitol (0.5 M) and polyethylene glycol (PEG, 10%) for inducing physiological drought to investigate their effects at morphological, physiological and biochemical levels. Our results showed that drought exposure led to extreme growth inhibition, disruption of membrane stability and reduction in photosynthetic pigment contents in M. polymorpha. The increased accumulation of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde, and the rate of electrolyte leakage in the gemmalings of M. polymorpha indicated an evidence of drought-caused oxidative stress. The gemmalings showed significant induction of the activities of key antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase and glutathione S-transferase, and total antioxidant activity in response to increased oxidative stress under drought. Importantly, to counteract the drought effects, the gemmalings also accumulated a significant amount of proline, which coincided with the evolutionary presence of proline biosynthesis gene Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase 1 (P5CS1) in land plants. Furthermore, the application of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) reduced drought-induced tissue damage and improved the activities of antioxidant enzymes and accumulation of proline, implying an archetypal role of this phytohormone in M. polymorpha for drought tolerance. We conclude that physiological drought tolerance mechanisms governed by the cellular antioxidants, proline and ABA were adopted in liverwort M. polymorpha, and that these findings have important implications in aiding our understanding of osmotic stress acclimation processes in land plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Totan Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Naznin Haque Tompa
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mezanur Rahman
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, United States
| | - Mohammed Mohi-Ud-Din
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - S M Zubair Al-Meraj
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sanaullah Biswas
- Department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Golam Mostofa
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
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Salma U, Sarker MA, Zafrin N, Rahman MM, Kamrul-Hasan AB. Sociodemographic and Clinico-laboratory Profile of Expanded Dengue Syndrome: Experience from a Tertiary Hospital of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Mymensingh Med J 2021; 30:1073-1078. [PMID: 34605479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Dengue is endemic in more than a hundred countries throughout the tropics. The classic presentation of dengue fever has expanded its horizon by involving different organ systems, and these system-specific presentations pose a diagnostic dilemma. The objective of this prospective observational study was to evaluate the sociodemographic, and clinical profile of expanded dengue syndrome (EDS) patients admitted to a tertiary hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Data were collected from all admitted patients from April 2019 to September 2019 and diagnosed with dengue. The patients with dengue having EDS were followed up till discharge. Of 4200 dengue cases admitted during this period, 108 patients (2.57%) were diagnosed with EDS. Among the EDS cases, 94% were from Dhaka city, and 6% were outside Dhaka city; 66% of the patients were male. Gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations were the most common (87%) type of EDS, and among the GI presentations, acute acalculous cholecystitis (38.3%), acute pancreatitis (30.85%), acute hepatitis (21.27%) were the most frequent. Among the EDS cases, 5.55% had a central nervous system (CNS), 4.6% cardiovascular (CVS), and 1.88% had renal complications; 0.93% presented with myositis. The majority (90.74%) of the patients recovered with conservative management, 10 (9.26%) died. This study shows that expanded dengue syndrome (EDS) is not uncommon in Bangladesh's dengue viral infection. A high degree of clinical suspicion is the key to early diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Salma
- Dr Umma Salma, Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Dhaka National Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Yadav RK, Hasan MN, Sarkar SM, Rahman MM, Rahman MA, Mosharraf-Hossain AK. Frequency of Osteoporosis among Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients Attending Respiratory Medicine Out Patient Department, BSMMU. Mymensingh Med J 2021; 30:1060-1066. [PMID: 34605477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is an important systemic manifestation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Osteoporosis is a systemic disease of bone which may present as low bone mass and micro-architectural disarray that increases the risk of fracture. The World Health Organization defines osteoporosis as bone density ≥2.5 standard deviations below the bone density of a normal young adult. Osteopenia, a less severe form of bone loss, is defined as a bone density between 1 and 2.5 standard deviations below that reference point. The aetiology of osteoporosis in COPD patients remain unclear, but several factors significantly correspond to reduced bone density in COPD, including older age, female sex and body mass index (BMI). However, the relationship to other factors, such as FEV₁, tobacco smoking, physical inactivity and corticosteroid therapy, are still an unresolved issue. This cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Respiratory Medicine, BSMMU from March 2018 to March 2019. A total of 86 patients of which prevalence of osteoporosis is 29.1%, osteopenia 50% and normal BMD in 20.9%, majority of them was belonging to age group 51-60 years. Male were predominant with male-female ratio of 3.5:1. The frequency of osteoporosis was 32.0%, 64.0% and 4.0% in moderate, severe and in very severe COPD patients, respectively. The frequency of osteopenia was 14.0% in mild, 53.5% in moderate, 20.9% in severe and 11.6% were in very severe COPD patients. The p value (p=0.018) was significant for prevalence osteoporosis and osteopenia with increase in severity of COPD. The prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia was high in COPD patients under study. The frequency of osteoporosis and osteopenia was more with severity of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Yadav
- Dr Rajesh Kishor Yadav, MD (Pulmonology) Ex-Resident, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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