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Vuille-Dit-Bille RN, Staerkle RF, Soll C, Troller R, Muff JL, Choudhury R, Holland-Cunz SG, Grochola LF, Samra JS, Puhan MA, Breitenstein S. Extended versus standard lymph node dissection for pancreatic head and periampullary adenocarcinoma: systematic review. Br J Surg 2022; 109:e52-e53. [PMID: 35041744 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R N Vuille-Dit-Bille
- Clinic for Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, Cantonal Hospital of Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland.,Department of Paediatric Surgery, Children's University Hospital, Basle, Switzerland
| | - R F Staerkle
- Visceral Surgery, Hirslanden Klinik St Anna, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - C Soll
- Visceral Surgery, Hirslanden Klinik St Anna, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - R Troller
- Clinic for Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, Cantonal Hospital of Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - J L Muff
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Children's University Hospital, Basle, Switzerland
| | - R Choudhury
- Department of Transplant Surgery, University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - S G Holland-Cunz
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Children's University Hospital, Basle, Switzerland
| | - L F Grochola
- Clinic for Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, Cantonal Hospital of Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - J S Samra
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M A Puhan
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S Breitenstein
- Clinic for Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, Cantonal Hospital of Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
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2
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Allport J, Choudhury R, Bruce-Wootton P, Reed M, Tate D, Malviya A. Efficacy of mupirocin, neomycin and octenidine for nasal Staphylococcus aureus decolonisation: a retrospective cohort study. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2022; 11:5. [PMID: 35012641 PMCID: PMC8744346 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-021-01043-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) causes significant morbidity. Methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) is the most frequent organism, and the majority are endogenous. Decolonisation reduces PJIs but there is a paucity of evidence comparing treatments. Aims; compare 3 nasal decolonisation treatments at (1) achieving MSSA decolonisation, (2) preventing PJI. METHODS Our hospital prospectively collected data on our MSSA decolonisation programme since 2013, including; all MSSA carriers, treatment received, MSSA status at time of surgery and all PJIs. Prior to 2017 MSSA carriers received nasal mupirocin or neomycin, from August 2017 until August 2019 nasal octenidine was used. RESULTS During the study period 15,958 primary hip and knee replacements were performed. 3200 (20.1%) were MSSA positive at preoperative screening and received decolonisation treatment, 698 mupirocin, 1210 neomycin and 1221 octenidine. Mupirocin (89.1%) and neomycin (90.9%) were more effective at decolonisation than octenidine (50.0%, P < 0.0001). There was no difference in PJI rates (P = 0.452). CONCLUSIONS Mupirocin and neomycin are more effective than octenidine at MSSA decolonisation. There was poor correlation between the MSSA status after treatment (on day of surgery) and PJI rates. Further research is needed to compare alternative MSSA decolonisation treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Allport
- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Trust, Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Wansbeck General Hospital, Woodhorn Lane, Ashington, NE63 9JJ, UK.
| | - R Choudhury
- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Trust, Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Wansbeck General Hospital, Woodhorn Lane, Ashington, NE63 9JJ, UK
| | - P Bruce-Wootton
- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Trust, Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Wansbeck General Hospital, Woodhorn Lane, Ashington, NE63 9JJ, UK
| | - M Reed
- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Trust, Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Wansbeck General Hospital, Woodhorn Lane, Ashington, NE63 9JJ, UK
| | - D Tate
- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Trust, Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Wansbeck General Hospital, Woodhorn Lane, Ashington, NE63 9JJ, UK
| | - A Malviya
- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Trust, Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Wansbeck General Hospital, Woodhorn Lane, Ashington, NE63 9JJ, UK
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Habib FB, Rahman MM, Haque MM, Dey PR, Das P, Choudhury R, Rahman MA, Hasan MN. Role of Rotaviral Antigen Detection by ICT in Acute Diarrhoeic Children below 5 Years in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:112-116. [PMID: 34999689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rotavirus is responsible for acute severe watery diarrhoea in young children. Early and rapid detection of Rotavirus infection can help to reduce inappropriate administration of antibiotics and has future positive impact on prevention of drug resistance. This cross-sectional study was designed to determine the role of Rotaviral antigen detection by ICT from stool sample of acute diarrhoeal children below five years admitted in Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital, Sylhet and was carried out in the Department of Microbiology in collaboration with the Department of Paediatrics during the period from 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2018. Total 184 children of under five years of age with acute watery diarrhoea were enrolled in this study. Rotaviral antigen was detected by ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) and ICT (Immunochromatographic test) from stool samples. Out of 184 stool samples, Rotaviral antigen was found positive in 84 and 86 cases by ICT and ELISA methods, respectively. ICT showed sensitivity of 90.70% and specificity of 93.88% when compared with ELISA. The Rotavirus infection was found highest in male children (61.90%) and in age group of 7 to 12 months (51.89%). Considering the importance of Rotaviral diarrhoea, rapid detection of Rotavirus infection by ICT is essentially needed and might be practiced routinely as it is relatively reliable, easy to perform and cost-effective. It is particularly important in Bangladesh, where diarrhoea is still contributing a significant proportion of morbidity and mortality in under five children.
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Affiliation(s)
- F B Habib
- Dr Farjana-Binte-Habib, Lecturer, Department of Microbiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail: farjanahabib33@gmail
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Choudhury R, Middelkoop A, Boekhorst J, Gerrits WJJ, Kemp B, Bolhuis JE, Kleerebezem M. Early life feeding accelerates gut microbiome maturation and suppresses acute post-weaning stress in piglets. Environ Microbiol 2021; 23:7201-7213. [PMID: 34655283 PMCID: PMC9291500 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Early life microbiome perturbations can have important effects on host development, physiology and behaviour. In this longitudinal study, we evaluated the impact of early feeding on gut microbiome colonization in neonatal piglets. Early‐fed (EF) piglets had access to a customized fibrous diet from 2 days after birth until weaning in addition to mother's milk, whereas control piglets suckled mother's milk only. Rectal swabs were collected at multiple time points until 6 weeks of age to investigate microbiota development using 16S rRNA gene profiling. The dynamic pre‐weaning microbiota colonization was followed by a relatively stable post‐weaning microbiota, represented by Prevotella, Roseburia, Faecalibacterium, Ruminococcus, Megasphaera, Catenibacterium and Subdoligranulum. EF piglets showed an accelerated microbiota maturation, characterized by increased microbial diversity, pre‐weaning emergence of post‐weaning‐associated microbes and a more rapid decline of typical pre‐weaning microbes. Furthermore, the individual eating behaviour scores of piglets quantitatively correlated with their accelerated microbiome. Importantly, EF piglets displayed a smoother relative weight gain and tended to reach a higher relative weight gain, in addition to reduced diarrhoea scores in the first week post‐weaning. Overall, these findings demonstrate the beneficial impact of early feeding on microbiota development as well as pig health and performance during the weaning transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Choudhury
- Host-Microbe Interactomics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - A Middelkoop
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - J Boekhorst
- Host-Microbe Interactomics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - W J J Gerrits
- Animal Nutrition Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - B Kemp
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - J E Bolhuis
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Kleerebezem
- Host-Microbe Interactomics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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5
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Vuille-dit-Bille RN, Staerkle RF, Soll C, Troller R, Muff J, Choudhury R, Holland-Cunz SG, Grochola LF, Samra J, Puhan M, Breitenstein S. Extended lymph node resection versus standard resection for pancreatic head and peri-ampullary adenocarcinoma: A systemic review. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab202.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
For patients with pancreatic and peri-ampullary adenocarcinoma, it has been hypothesized that extended lymphadenectomy may result in higher R0 resection rates and improved survival. As such, the objective of this systematic review was to compare the oncologic outcomes after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) with standard lymphadenectomy (SLA) versus PD with extended lymphadenectomy (ELA).
Methods
A Cochrane systematic review was conducted to identify all randomized controlled trials comparing PD with SLA versus PD with ELA for participants with periampullary or pancreatic cancer. The following electronic databases were reviewed: the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials; MEDLINE; PubMed and EMBASE. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias criteria and the quality of evidence for important outcomes using GRADE. Extended lymphadenectomy included the interaortocaval space, left side of the celiac trunk, and superior mesenteric artery.
Results
Seven randomized controlled trials were included with 843 patients (421 ELA and 422 SLA). No difference in overall survival (1- and 3-years after surgery) was seen between groups. Mortality and morbidity rates (including pancreatic fistula, delayed gastric emptying, and postoperative bleeding) were similar between the two groups. Operative time was significantly longer following extended resection (Mean Difference 50.1 min; 95% CI 19.2 to 81.1 min; P = 0.001). Total amount of blood loss during surgery was significantly increased following extended resection (Mean Difference 137 ml; 95% CI 12 to 263 ml; P = 0.03), as well as transfusion requirements (Mean Difference 0.15 units; 95% CI 0.13 to 0.17 units; P < 0.00001).
More lymph nodes were retrieved during ELA (Mean Difference 11 nodes; 95% CI 7 to 15 nodes; P < 0.00001). Incidence of positive resection margins was not different between groups.
Conclusion
There is no indication for extended lymphadenectomy in pancreatic head resection as a routine procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- R N Vuille-dit-Bille
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children’s Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - R F Staerkle
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Hirslanden Klinik St. Anna, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - C Soll
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Hirslanden Klinik St. Anna, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - R Troller
- Department of Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, Cantonal Hospital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - J Muff
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children’s Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - R Choudhury
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, USA
| | - S G Holland-Cunz
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children’s Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - L F Grochola
- Department of Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, Cantonal Hospital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - J Samra
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Australia
| | - M Puhan
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S Breitenstein
- Department of Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, Cantonal Hospital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
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Choudhury R, Middelkoop A, de Souza JG, van Veen LA, Gerrits WJJ, Kemp B, Bolhuis JE, Kleerebezem M. Impact of early-life feeding on local intestinal microbiota and digestive system development in piglets. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4213. [PMID: 33603087 PMCID: PMC7892833 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83756-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Early-life gut microbial colonisation is known to influence host physiology and development, shaping its phenotype. The developing gastro-intestinal tract of neonatal piglets provides a "window of opportunity" for programming their intestinal microbiota composition and corresponding intestinal development. Here, we investigated the impact of early feeding on jejunum and colon microbiota composition, and intestinal maturation in suckling piglets. From two days of age, early-fed (EF; n = 6 litters) piglets had access to solid feed containing a mixture of fibres till weaning (day29) in addition to sow's milk, whereas the control (CON; n = 6 litters) piglets exclusively fed on sow's milk. Early feeding elicited a significant impact on the colon microbiota, whereas no such effect was seen in the jejunal and ileal microbiota. Quantified eating behavioural scores could significantly explain the variation in microbiota composition of EF piglets and support their classification into good, moderate, and bad eaters. Members of the Lachnospiraceae family, and the genera Eubacterium, Prevotella, and Ruminococcus were quantitatively associated with eating scores. EF piglets were found to have a decreased pH in caecum and colon, which coincided with increased short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations. Moreover, they also had increased weights and lengths of several intestinal tract segments, as well as a decreased villus-crypt ratio in jejunal mucosa and an increased abundance of proliferative cells in colon mucosa. The approaches in this study indicate that early feeding of a mixed-fibre (pre-weaning) diet changes the microbiota composition, pH, and fermentation products in the distal gut of piglets, while it also alters both macroscopic and microscopic intestinal measurements. These results exemplify the potential of early feeding to modulate intestinal development in young piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Choudhury
- Host-Microbe Interactomics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - A Middelkoop
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - J G de Souza
- Host-Microbe Interactomics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - L A van Veen
- Host-Microbe Interactomics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - W J J Gerrits
- Animal Nutrition Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - B Kemp
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - J E Bolhuis
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Kleerebezem
- Host-Microbe Interactomics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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7
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Islam MZ, Riaz BK, Islam ANMS, Khanam F, Akhter J, Choudhury R, Farhana N, Jahan NA, Uddin MJ, Efa SS. Risk factors associated with morbidity and mortality outcomes of COVID-19 patients on the 28th day of the disease course: a retrospective cohort study in Bangladesh. Epidemiol Infect 2020. [PMID: 33115547 DOI: 10.1101/10.1101/2020.08.17.20176586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diverse risk factors intercede the outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We conducted this retrospective cohort study with a cohort of 1016 COVID-19 patients diagnosed in May 2020 to identify the risk factors associated with morbidity and mortality outcomes. Data were collected by telephone-interview and reviewing records using a questionnaire and checklist. The study identified morbidity and mortality risk factors on the 28th day of the disease course. The majority of the patients were male (64.1%) and belonged to the age group 25-39 years (39.4%). Urban patients were higher in proportion than rural (69.3% vs. 30.7%). Major comorbidities included 35.0% diabetes mellitus (DM), 28.4% hypertension (HTN), 16.6% chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and 7.8% coronary heart disease (CHD). The morbidity rate (not-cured) was 6.0%, and the mortality rate (non-survivor) was 2.5%. Morbidity risk factors included elderly (AOR = 2.56, 95% CI = 1.31-4.99), having comorbidity (AOR = 1.43, 95% CI = 0.83-2.47), and smokeless tobacco use (AOR = 2.17, 95% CI = 0.84-5.61). The morbidity risk was higher with COPD (RR = 2.68), chronic kidney disease (CKD) (RR = 3.33) and chronic liver disease (CLD) (RR = 3.99). Mortality risk factors included elderly (AOR = 7.56, 95% CI = 3.19-17.92), having comorbidity (AOR = 5.27, 95% CI = 1.88-14.79) and SLT use (AOR = 1.93, 95% CI = 0.50-7.46). The mortality risk was higher with COPD (RR = 7.30), DM (RR = 2.63), CHD (RR = 4.65), HTN (RR = 3.38), CKD (RR = 9.03), CLD (RR = 10.52) and malignant diseases (RR = 9.73). We must espouse programme interventions considering the morbidity and mortality risk factors to condense the aggressive outcomes of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Z Islam
- Department of Community Medicine, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka1212, Bangladesh
| | - B K Riaz
- Department of Public Health and Hospital Administration, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka1212, Bangladesh
| | - A N M S Islam
- Department of Public Health and Hospital Administration, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka1212, Bangladesh
| | - F Khanam
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka1212, Bangladesh
| | - J Akhter
- Department of Microbiology and Mycology, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka1212, Bangladesh
| | - R Choudhury
- Department of Microbiology and Mycology, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka1212, Bangladesh
| | - N Farhana
- Department of Microbiology and Mycology, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka1212, Bangladesh
| | - N A Jahan
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka1212, Bangladesh
| | - M J Uddin
- Department of Microbiology and Mycology, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka1212, Bangladesh
| | - S S Efa
- Department of Community Medicine, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka1212, Bangladesh
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8
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Islam MZ, Riaz BK, Islam ANMS, Khanam F, Akhter J, Choudhury R, Farhana N, Jahan NA, Uddin MJ, Efa SS. Risk factors associated with morbidity and mortality outcomes of COVID-19 patients on the 28th day of the disease course: a retrospective cohort study in Bangladesh. Epidemiol Infect 2020; 148:e263. [PMID: 33115547 PMCID: PMC7653486 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268820002630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Diverse risk factors intercede the outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We conducted this retrospective cohort study with a cohort of 1016 COVID-19 patients diagnosed in May 2020 to identify the risk factors associated with morbidity and mortality outcomes. Data were collected by telephone-interview and reviewing records using a questionnaire and checklist. The study identified morbidity and mortality risk factors on the 28th day of the disease course. The majority of the patients were male (64.1%) and belonged to the age group 25-39 years (39.4%). Urban patients were higher in proportion than rural (69.3% vs. 30.7%). Major comorbidities included 35.0% diabetes mellitus (DM), 28.4% hypertension (HTN), 16.6% chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and 7.8% coronary heart disease (CHD). The morbidity rate (not-cured) was 6.0%, and the mortality rate (non-survivor) was 2.5%. Morbidity risk factors included elderly (AOR = 2.56, 95% CI = 1.31-4.99), having comorbidity (AOR = 1.43, 95% CI = 0.83-2.47), and smokeless tobacco use (AOR = 2.17, 95% CI = 0.84-5.61). The morbidity risk was higher with COPD (RR = 2.68), chronic kidney disease (CKD) (RR = 3.33) and chronic liver disease (CLD) (RR = 3.99). Mortality risk factors included elderly (AOR = 7.56, 95% CI = 3.19-17.92), having comorbidity (AOR = 5.27, 95% CI = 1.88-14.79) and SLT use (AOR = 1.93, 95% CI = 0.50-7.46). The mortality risk was higher with COPD (RR = 7.30), DM (RR = 2.63), CHD (RR = 4.65), HTN (RR = 3.38), CKD (RR = 9.03), CLD (RR = 10.52) and malignant diseases (RR = 9.73). We must espouse programme interventions considering the morbidity and mortality risk factors to condense the aggressive outcomes of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Z. Islam
- Department of Community Medicine, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka1212, Bangladesh
| | - B. K. Riaz
- Department of Public Health and Hospital Administration, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka1212, Bangladesh
| | - A. N. M. S. Islam
- Department of Public Health and Hospital Administration, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka1212, Bangladesh
| | - F. Khanam
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka1212, Bangladesh
| | - J. Akhter
- Department of Microbiology and Mycology, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka1212, Bangladesh
| | - R. Choudhury
- Department of Microbiology and Mycology, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka1212, Bangladesh
| | - N. Farhana
- Department of Microbiology and Mycology, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka1212, Bangladesh
| | - N. A. Jahan
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka1212, Bangladesh
| | - M. J. Uddin
- Department of Microbiology and Mycology, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka1212, Bangladesh
| | - S. S. Efa
- Department of Community Medicine, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka1212, Bangladesh
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Akbar N, Corbin A, Hogg E, Banerjee A, Lee C, Melling G, Edgar L, Dragovic R, Carter D, Riley P, Udalova I, Anthony D, Choudhury R. 2379Endothelial cell derived extracellular vesicles mediate immune cell deployment from the spleen and transcriptional programming following acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) induces transcriptional activation of monocyte en route to the injured myocardium, possibly through interactions involving plasma liberated extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are enriched for proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs) post-AMI. Neutrophils are the first immune cells to arrive at sites of injury and mediate further damage to the ischaemic myocardium. Here, we describe neutrophil-deployment from the spleen in AMI and by endothelial cell (EC) derived-EVs.
Methods
Patients presenting AMI provided informed consent as part of the Oxford Acute Myocardial Infarction Study (OxAMI). Plasma EV were isolated by differential ultra-centrifugation (120,000g, 2 hours) followed by washing and characterised for: morphology using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), size and concentration profiling by Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis, EV markers (TSG101, ALIX, CD9, HSP70) by western blot, and miRNAs by RT-qPCR. Mouse and human EC were used in vitro to derive EC-EV under control conditions or after inflammatory stimulation with tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) (10ng/mL) and from CRISPR-edited miRNA-126 knock-out ECs. EC-EVs were tail vein injected into wild-type mice or exposed to primary human peripheral blood neutrophils in vitro.
Results
Patients presenting with AMI (N=15) have significantly more plasma EV at time of injury vs a 6-month follow-up measurement (2.2-fold more, P=0.008). Plasma EVs at the time of AMI presentation correlate significantly with the extent of ischaemic injury (R=0.046, P=0.006) and plasma neutrophils (R=0.37, P=0.017). Experimental AMI in wild-type mice induced a significant increase in peripheral blood neutrophils and a simultaneous reduction in splenic-neutrophils, suggesting splenic-neutrophil deployment (P=0.004). Human plasma EV are enriched for vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and EC-associated miR-126 post-AMI (Akbar et al 2017). miRNA-126-mRNA targets are significantly over represented when compared to neutrophil Gene Ontology terms for: degranulation (P<0.001), activation (P<0.001), chemotaxis (P=0.008) and migration (P=0.008). Human and mouse EC release more EV after inflammatory stimulation and show enrichment for miRNA-126. CRISPR-edited miRNA-126 deficient human EC express more VCAM-1 (P<0.001) and release more EC-EVs (P<0.001). EC-EV exposure to primary human neutrophils alters inflammatory gene expression (IL-6 (P<0.05), CCL7 (P<0.001) and CCL18 (P<0.001)). EC-EV tail vein injected into wild-type mice mobilise splenic-neutrophils to peripheral blood (P<0.001).
Conclusions
Neutrophil deployment from the spleen is a novel finding in acute injury and interactions with EC-EV may mediate their splenic liberation and transcriptional programming following AMI, en route to the injured myocardium. The splenic neutrophil reserve may be a novel therapeutic target in AMI to modulate the inflammatory response before recruitment of cells to sites of injury.
Acknowledgement/Funding
British Heart Foundation Project Grant and Centre for Research Excellence Awards (RE/13/1/30181), Nuffield Benefaction for Medicine and ISSF
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Affiliation(s)
- N Akbar
- University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - A Corbin
- University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - E Hogg
- University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - A Banerjee
- University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - C Lee
- University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - G Melling
- Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - L Edgar
- University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - R Dragovic
- University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - D Carter
- Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - P Riley
- University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - I Udalova
- University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - D Anthony
- University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - R Choudhury
- University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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10
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Weng W, Choudhury R, Sapp J, Tang A, Healey J, Nault I, Rivard L, Greiss I, Parkash R. NT-PROBNP PREDICTS RECURRENCE AFTER CATHETER ABLATION IN A HYPERTENSIVE POPULATION UNDERGOING AGGRESSIVE BLOOD PRESSURE MANAGEMENT: A SUB-STUDY OF SMAC-AF. Can J Cardiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2019.07.476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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11
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Choudhury R, Middelkoop A, Bolhuis JE, Kleerebezem M. Legitimate and Reliable Determination of the Age-Related Intestinal Microbiome in Young Piglets; Rectal Swabs and Fecal Samples Provide Comparable Insights. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1886. [PMID: 31474964 PMCID: PMC6702655 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A prerequisite for reliable microbiota analysis is having an effective and consistent sampling method. Fecal sampling, commonly used to study the intestinal microbiome, might not be suitable in all situations, especially considering the potential difficulties in obtaining fresh feces from young animals. Indeed, this study shows that the success rate of collecting fecal samples from young piglets (<2 weeks of age) was very low. Therefore, we evaluated rectal swabs as an alternative sample type (to feces) for studying porcine microbiome development and performed a comparative analysis of microbiome composition obtained from fresh fecal samples and rectal swabs in 15 healthy piglets at seven (6 piglets) and 20 (9 piglets) days of age. Three samples (fresh feces, rectal swab before and after defecation) were collected from individual piglets and microbiome composition was assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results demonstrated that rectal swabs and fecal samples provide similar microbiome composition profiles, with samples clustering predominantly by individual animal rather than sample type. Furthermore, regardless of the sample type, the biological interpretation with respect to microbiota colonization patterns associated with different ages (7 and 20 days) was found to be comparable. Independent of sample type, we observed age-related changes like increasing microbiota diversity and alterations in relative abundances of the phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Fusobacteria, which was also reflected in consistent family- and genus-level microbiota changes. This study establishes that rectal swabs are a suitable alternative sample type to study the porcine microbiome development in early life, when fecal sampling is challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Choudhury
- Host-Microbe Interactomics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - A Middelkoop
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - J E Bolhuis
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - M Kleerebezem
- Host-Microbe Interactomics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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12
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Alkhalil M, Borlotti A, De Maria G, Gaughran L, Langrish J, Lucking A, Ferreira V, Kharbanda R, Banning A, Channon K, Choudhury R, Dall Armellina E. 49Hyper acute changes of myocardial blood flow and its relationship with infarct core. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez112.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Alkhalil
- University of Oxford, Acute Vascular Imaging Centre (AVIC), Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - A Borlotti
- University of Oxford, Acute Vascular Imaging Centre (AVIC), Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - G De Maria
- John Radcliffe Hospital, Cardiology Department, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - L Gaughran
- University of Oxford, Acute Vascular Imaging Centre (AVIC), Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - J Langrish
- John Radcliffe Hospital, Cardiology Department, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - A Lucking
- John Radcliffe Hospital, Cardiology Department, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - V Ferreira
- University of Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - R Kharbanda
- John Radcliffe Hospital, Cardiology Department, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - A Banning
- John Radcliffe Hospital, Cardiology Department, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - K Channon
- John Radcliffe Hospital, Cardiology Department, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - R Choudhury
- University of Oxford, Acute Vascular Imaging Centre (AVIC), Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - E Dall Armellina
- University of Oxford, Acute Vascular Imaging Centre (AVIC), Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
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13
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Alkhalil M, Borlotti A, De Maria G, Gaughran L, Langrish J, Lucking A, Ferreira V, Kharbanda R, Banning A, Channon K, Dall Armellina E, Choudhury R. 488Early versus late T1 infarct core following reperfusion treatment in patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez123.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Alkhalil
- University of Oxford, Acute Vascular Imaging Centre (AVIC), Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - A Borlotti
- University of Oxford, Acute Vascular Imaging Centre (AVIC), Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - G De Maria
- John Radcliffe Hospital, Cardiology Department, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - L Gaughran
- University of Oxford, Acute Vascular Imaging Centre (AVIC), Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - J Langrish
- John Radcliffe Hospital, Cardiology Department, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - A Lucking
- John Radcliffe Hospital, Cardiology Department, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - V Ferreira
- University of Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - R Kharbanda
- John Radcliffe Hospital, Cardiology Department, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - A Banning
- John Radcliffe Hospital, Cardiology Department, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - K Channon
- John Radcliffe Hospital, Cardiology Department, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - E Dall Armellina
- University of Oxford, Acute Vascular Imaging Centre (AVIC), Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - R Choudhury
- University of Oxford, Acute Vascular Imaging Centre (AVIC), Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
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14
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Choudhury R, Nath B, Khan MR, Mahanta C, Ellis T, van Geen A. The Impact of Aquifer Flushing on Groundwater Arsenic Across a 35-km Transect Perpendicular to the Upper Brahmaputra River in Assam, India. Water Resour Res 2018; 54:8160-8173. [PMID: 30906078 PMCID: PMC6424526 DOI: 10.1029/2017wr022485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Well testing in the floodplain of the Brahmaputra River in Golaghat and Jorhat districts of Assam, India, shows that groundwater arsenic (As) concentrations increase with distance from the river. To establish the origin of this pattern, an additional 900 wells <60 m deep were tested for As and 9 sites were drilled along a 35-km transect perpendicular to the river. The field data show no relation between groundwater As concentrations ranging from <1 to 660 μg/L along the transect and (a) As concentrations of <1-5 mg/kg in cuttings of aquifer sand recovered while drilling or (b) the degree of reduction of iron oxides in these cuttings. The drilling indicates, however, a marked increase in the thickness of a clay layer capping the aquifer starting from <1-5 m near the river to over 60 m at the most distant site towards the base of the Naga foothills. Organic radiocarbon ages of 18-46 kyr obtained from all but one of 13 clay samples indicate pre-Holocene deposition of the underlying sands across the entire transect. Radiocarbon ages of dissolved inorganic carbon of 0.2, 4.7, and 17.8 kyr were measured in groundwater from 3 monitoring wells installed to 30-60 m depth at distances of 10, 20, and 40 km from the river, respectively. A conceptual groundwater flow model consistent with monitored heads and groundwater ages suggests that thick clay layers capping the aquifer further from the river inhibited flushing of the aquifer and, as a result, preserved higher As levels in groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Choudhury
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
- Now at Department of Geological Sciences, Gauhati University, Gauhati 781014, Assam, India
| | - B Nath
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964, USA
| | - M R Khan
- Department of Geology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - C Mahanta
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - T Ellis
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964, USA
| | - A van Geen
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964, USA
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15
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Alam M, Choudhury R, Lamers RJ. Advances in preclinical human immune response studies – redefining immunogenicity. Toxicol Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.06.841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Rahman MA, Chowdhury OA, Debnath MR, Ahmed SM, Das S, Choudhury R, Akter R, Zaman S, Mahamud F. Comparison among Different Culture Media for the Detection of Dermatophytes. Mymensingh Med J 2018; 27:626-630. [PMID: 30141455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Dermatophytes are a group of closely related fungi that have the capacity of invading the keratinized tissue of human to produce infections known as dermatophytosis which is commonly referred to as ringworm. Other than routine microscopy, different culture media are available for the detection of dermatophytes from patient's specimen. This cross sectional study was designed to evaluate the outcome of three different culture media and microscopy for the detection of dermatophytes from clinical samples. Skin, hair and nail samples from 84 clinically suspected cases of dermatophytosis who attended at OPD of Dermatology Department, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital, Sylhet, Bangladesh from July 2014 to June 2015 were screened by direct microscopic examination using potassium hydroxide (KOH) mount. All the samples were inoculated for culture in Sabouraud's Dextrose Agar (SDA), Dermatophytes Test medium (DTM) and Sabouraud's Cycloheximide Chloramphenicol Agar (SCCA). The percentage of samples positive by microscopy was 37.5%, whereas the rate of positivity by culture was 47.6% which showed that culture was more sensitive than microscopy for the diagnosis of dermatophytosis. The efficiency of SDA and SCCA was found to be almost equal. There was no statistically significant difference between SDA and DTM in primary isolation of dermatophytes, though isolation rate was slightly higher in DTM. Though direct examination by microscopy is an efficient screening technique, culture should be done for accurate diagnosis. As DTM is easy to evaluate even without handling the growth of culture in the laboratory, it is recommended to use as screening medium for the detection of dermatophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Rahman
- Dr Md Arifur Rahman, M Phil Student, Department of Microbiology, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College, Sylhet, Bangladesh
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17
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Patel J, Rohling M, Smart N, Choudhury R, Greaves DR, Riley P, Channon KM. P274Novel aspects of chemokine receptor signalling in cardiovascular inflammation. Cardiovasc Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy060.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Patel
- University of Oxford, Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M Rohling
- University of Oxford, Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - N Smart
- University of Oxford, Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - R Choudhury
- University of Oxford, Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - D R Greaves
- University of Oxford, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - P Riley
- University of Oxford, Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - K M Channon
- University of Oxford, Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
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18
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Coutino HE, Takarada K, Sieira J, Choudhury R, Abugattas J, Salghetti F, De Regibus V, Moran D, Beckers S, Umbrain V, Stroker E, Brugada P, Capulzini L, De Asmundis C, Chierchia G. P1165 Anatomical and procedural predictors of pulmonary vein stenosis in the setting of second generation cryoballoon ablation. Europace 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euy015.650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H E Coutino
- Free University of Brussels (VUB), Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Brussels, Belgium
| | - K Takarada
- Free University of Brussels (VUB), Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J Sieira
- Free University of Brussels (VUB), Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Brussels, Belgium
| | - R Choudhury
- Free University of Brussels (VUB), Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J Abugattas
- Free University of Brussels (VUB), Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Salghetti
- Free University of Brussels (VUB), Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Brussels, Belgium
| | - V De Regibus
- Free University of Brussels (VUB), Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Brussels, Belgium
| | - D Moran
- Free University of Brussels (VUB), Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Beckers
- Free University of Brussels (VUB), Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Brussels, Belgium
| | - V Umbrain
- Free University of Brussels (VUB), Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Stroker
- Free University of Brussels (VUB), Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Brugada
- Free University of Brussels (VUB), Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Brussels, Belgium
| | - L Capulzini
- Free University of Brussels (VUB), Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Brussels, Belgium
| | - C De Asmundis
- Free University of Brussels (VUB), Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Brussels, Belgium
| | - G Chierchia
- Free University of Brussels (VUB), Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Brussels, Belgium
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19
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Mugnai G, De Asmundis C, Iacopino S, Stroker E, Longobardi M, De Regibus V, Coutino-Moreno HE, Takarada K, Choudhury R, Abugattas De Torres JP, Storti C, Brugada P, Chierchia GB. 1165The incidence of complications in the setting of second-generation cryoballoon ablation of atrial fibrillation: a comparison between vitamin K antagonists and novel oral anticoagulants. Europace 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/eux153.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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20
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Fedida J, Sohal M, Wolf M, Van Beeumen K, Neyrinck A, Taghji P, Choudhury R, Louw R, Vandekerkchove Y, Tavernier R, Duytschaever M, Knecht S. P925Efficacy of advanced pace mapping technology for idiopathic pvc ablation. Europace 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/eux151.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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21
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Leamy M, Clarke E, Le Boutillier C, Bird V, Choudhury R, MacPherson R, Pesola F, Sabas K, Williams J, Williams P, Slade M. Recovery practice in community mental health teams: national survey. Br J Psychiatry 2016; 209:340-346. [PMID: 27340113 PMCID: PMC5046739 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.114.160739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is consensus about the importance of 'recovery' in mental health services, but the link between recovery orientation of mental health teams and personal recovery of individuals has been underresearched. AIMS To investigate differences in team leader, clinician and service user perspectives of recovery orientation of community adult mental health teams in England. METHOD In six English mental health National Health Service (NHS) trusts, randomly chosen community adult mental health teams were surveyed. A random sample of ten patients, one team leader and a convenience sample of five clinicians were surveyed from each team. All respondents rated the recovery orientation of their team using parallel versions of the Recovery Self Assessment (RSA). In addition, service users also rated their own personal recovery using the Questionnaire about Processes of Recovery (QPR). RESULTS Team leaders (n = 22) rated recovery orientation higher than clinicians (n = 109) or patients (n = 120) (Wald(2) = 7.0, P = 0.03), and both NHS trust and team type influenced RSA ratings. Patient-rated recovery orientation was a predictor of personal recovery (b = 0.58, 95% CI 0.31-0.85, P<0.001). Team leaders and clinicians with experience of mental illness (39%) or supporting a family member or friend with mental illness (76%) did not differ in their RSA ratings from other team leaders or clinicians. CONCLUSIONS Compared with team leaders, frontline clinicians and service users have less positive views on recovery orientation. Increasing recovery orientation may support personal recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Leamy
- Correspondence: Mary Leamy, King's College London, National Nursing Research Unit, Florence Nightingale School of Nursing and Midwifery, James Clerk Maxwell Building, 57 Waterloo Road, London SE1 8WA, UK.
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22
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Kumar N, Abbas MM, Ter Bekke RMA, de Jong CMMJF, Choudhury R, Bisht O, Philippens S, Timmermans C. Maastricht experience with the second generation endoscopic laser balloon ablation system for the atrial fibrillation treatment. Neth Heart J 2015; 23:373-8. [PMID: 26031633 PMCID: PMC4497993 DOI: 10.1007/s12471-015-0703-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N Kumar
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), P. Debyelaan 25, PO Box 5800, 6229 HX/6202AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands,
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23
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Biswas P, Choudhury R, Gayen S, Guha D, Roy S, Dasgupta MK. Greek Warrior Helmet Facies (Wolf-hirschhorn Syndrome). J Nepal Paedtr Soc 2015. [DOI: 10.3126/jnps.v34i3.10289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is caused by a chromosomal deletion of the band 4p16.3 with characteristic craniofacial features -’Greek warrior helmet’5 facies (prominent glabella, hypertelorism, broad beaked nose and frontal bossing), high-arched eyebrows, protruding eyes, epicanthal folds, short philtrum, distinct mouth with downturned corners, micrognathia, dysplastic ears, preauricular tags. Till date there are very few case reports of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome.Here we report a case that had characteristic dysmorphic facies (Figure 1) ‘Greek warrior helmet’ and was diagnosed as a case of WHS. But presence of Meningo-encephalocele and lissencephaly is rarely reported in literature in association with Wolf-hirschhorn syndrome till date. J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2014;34(3):239-243 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v34i3.10289
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Munch F, Retel J, Jeuthe S, van Rossum B, Oh-Ici D, Berger F, Kuhne T, Oschkinat H, Messroghli D, Rodriguez Palomares J, Gutierrez Garcia Moreno L, Maldonado G, Garcia G, Otaegui I, Garcia Del Blanco B, Barrabes J, Gonzalez Alujas M, Evangelista A, Garcia Dorado D, Barison A, Del Torto A, Chiappino S, Del Franco A, Pugliese N, Aquaro G, Positano V, Passino C, Emdin M, Masci P, Fischer K, Guensch D, Shie N, Friedrich M, Captur G, Zemrak F, Muthurangu V, Chunming L, Petersen S, Kawel-Boehm N, Bassett P, Elliott P, Lima J, Bluemke D, Moon J, Pontone G, Bertella E, Loguercio M, Baggiano A, Mushtaq S, Aquaro G, Salerni S, Rossi C, Andreini D, Masci P, Ucar E, Baydes R, Ngah N, Kuo Y, Dabir D, Cummins C, Higgins D, Schaeffter T, Gaddum N, Chowienczyk P, Carr-White G, Marber M, Ucar S, Baydes R, Ngah N, Kuo Y, Dabir D, Cummins C, Higgins D, Schaeffter T, Gaddum N, Chowienczyk P, Carr-White G, Marber M, Reinstadler S, Klug G, Feistritzer H, Greber K, Mair J, Schocke M, Franz W, Metzler B, Moschetti K, Petersen S, Pilz G, Wasserfallen J, Lombardi M, Korosoglou G, Van Rossum A, Bruder O, Mahrholdt H, Schwitter J, Rodriguez Palomares J, Garcia Del Blanco B, Ferreira Gonzalez I, Otaegui I, Pineda V, Ruiz Salmeron R, San Roman A, Evangelista A, Fernandez Aviles F, Garcia Dorado D, Winkler S, Allison T, Conn H, Bandettini P, Shanbhag S, Kellman P, Hsu L, Arai A, Klug G, Reinstadler S, Feistritzer H, Pernter B, Mair J, Schocke M, Franz W, Metzler B, Pica S, Sado D, Maestrini V, Fontana M, White S, Treibel T, Anderson S, Piechnik S, Robson M, Lachmann R, Murphy E, Mehta A, Hughes D, Elliott P, Moon J, Ferreira V, Dall'Armellina E, Piechnik S, Karamitsos T, Francis J, Choudhury R, Banning A, Channon K, Kharbanda R, Forfar C, Ormerod O, Prendergast B, Kardos A, Newton J, Friedrich M, Robson M, Neubauer S, Barison A, Del Franco A, Vergaro G, Mirizzi G, Del Torto A, Chiappino S, Masci P, Passino C, Emdin M, Aquaro G, Florian A, Ludwig A, Rosch S, Sechtem U, Yilmaz A, Greulich S, Kitterer D, Latus J, Bentz K, Birkmeier S, Alscher M, Sechtem U, Braun N, Mahrholdt H, Barison A, Pugliese N, Masci P, Del Franco A, Vergaro G, Del Torto A, Passino C, Perfetto F, Emdin M, Aquaro G, Secchi F, Petrini M, Cannao P, Di Leo G, Sardanelli F, Lombardi M, Yoshihara H, Bastiaansen J, Berthonneche C, Comment A, Schwitter J, Gerber B, Noppe G, Marquet N, Buchlin P, Vanoverschelde J, Bertrand L, Horman S, Dorota P, Piotr W, Marek G, Almeida A, Cortez-Dias N, de Sousa J, Carpinteiro L, Magalhaes A, Silva G, Bernardes A, Pinto F, Nunes Diogo A. These abstracts have been selected for presentation in 4 sessions throughout the meeting. Please refer to the PROGRAM for more details. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeu083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Dall'armellina E, Adlam D, Ruparelia N, Kharbanda RK, Prendergast BP, Forfar JC, Banning AP, Neubauer S, Channon K, Choudhury R. Determination of myocardial injury in relation to angiographic lesions, in acute coronary syndromes: a prospective serial CMR study. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht308.p1327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Ferreira V, Dall'Armellina E, Piechnik S, Karamitsos T, Francis J, Choudhury R, Channon K, Banning A, Kharbanda R, Forfar C, Ormerod O, Prendergast B, Kardos A, Basagiannia C, Newton J, Friedrich M, Robson M, Neubauer S. 087 THE USEFULNESS OF EARLY CARDIOVASCULAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH ACUTE CHEST PAIN, POSITIVE TROPONIN AND NON-OBSTRUCTIVE CORONARY ARTERIES. Heart 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2013-304019.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Jefferson A, Ruparelia N, Choudhury R. 213 EXOGENOUS MICROPARTICLES OF IRON OXIDE BIND TO ACTIVATED ENDOTHELIAL CELLS BUT, UNLIKE MONOCYTES, DO NOT TRIGGER AN ENDOTHELIAL RESPONSE. Heart 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2013-304019.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ruparelia N, Digby J, Jefferson A, Medway D, Neubauer S, Lygate C, Choudhury R. 222 MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION CAUSES INFLAMMATION AND LEUKOCYTE RECRUITMENT AT REMOTE SITES IN THE MYOCARDIUM AND IN THE RENAL GLOMERULUS. Heart 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2013-304019.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Ferreira V, Piechnik S, Dall'Armellina E, Karamitsos T, Francis J, Ntusi N, Holloway C, Choudhury R, Kardos A, Robson M, Friedrich M, Neubauer S. 086 THE DETECTION OF ACUTE MYOCARDITIS USING CARDIOVASCULAR MRI: A CLINICAL STUDY COMPARING T1-MAPPING, T2-WEIGHTED AND LATE GADOLINIUM ENHANCEMENT IMAGING. Heart 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2013-304019.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Biasiolli L, Chai J, Lindsay A, Handa A, Robson M, Choudhury R. 237 IN-VIVO QUANTITATIVE T2 MAPPING OF CAROTID PLAQUES IN PATIENTS WITH RECENT CEREBROVASCULAR EVENTS: AHA PLAQUE TYPE CLASSIFICATION AND CORRELATION WITH PLAQUE HISTOLOGY. Heart 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2013-304019.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Chai J, Digby J, Ruparelia N, Jefferson A, Handa A, Choudhury R. 167 NICOTINIC ACID RECEPTOR GPR109A IS DOWN-REGULATED IN HUMAN MACROPHAGE-DERIVED FOAM CELLS. Heart 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2013-304019.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a major problem in clinical health settings. Interestingly the origin of many of antibiotic resistance mechanisms can be traced back to non-pathogenic environmental organisms. Important factors leading to the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance include absence of regulation in the use of antibiotics, improper waste disposal and associated transmission of antibiotic resistance genes in the community through commensals. In this review, we discussed the impact of globalisation on the transmission of antibiotic resistance genes in bacteria through immigration and export/import of foodstuff. The significance of surveillance to define appropriate use of antibiotics in the clinic has been included as an important preventive measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Choudhury
- Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar-751 023, Odisha, India
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Zuliani F, Choudhury R, Sbaizero O, De Vita A. Enhanced Creep Resistance via Ion Exchange Processes in Al/Mgal2O4 Composites. Progress in Reaction Kinetics and Mechanism 2010. [DOI: 10.3184/146867810x12796413875024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Discontinuously reinforced aluminium (DRA) composites were prepared by a novel ion exchange process in which the reinforcing phase, aluminium oxide, was introduced by exchanging the magnesium ions in magnesium aluminate spinel with aluminium [1]. The exchange reaction occurs by the diffusion of magnesium and aluminium ions across the interface in opposite directions. The process led to the formation of DRA composites with a remarkable resistance to high temperature deformation. We present an ab-initio density functional study of the coherent cube-on-cube interfaces between spinel (MgAl2O4) and Al metal and relevant X-ray diffraction studies of the DRA composite. We find that the presence of surface electric dipoles near the interface, originated by the ion exchange process, leads to a lowering of the Al/MgAl2O4 interface toughness, and an increased residual surface stress, which does not support the hypothesis that the ion exchange process is directly responsible for the increased creep resistance of the DRA composite. We propose instead that deep diffusion of the Al atoms into MgAl2O4, resulting in the formation of γ-Al2O3 nanograins, is the mechanism that impedes dislocation movement and thus increases the interface toughness.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Zuliani
- Department of Materials and Natural Resources, University of Trieste, Via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - R. Choudhury
- Physics Department, King's College London, London, Strand WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - O. Sbaizero
- Department of Materials and Natural Resources, University of Trieste, Via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - A. De Vita
- Department of Materials and Natural Resources, University of Trieste, Via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Physics Department, King's College London, London, Strand WC2R 2LS, UK
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Choudhury R, Barreto G, Ganeshaguru K, Cirak S, Scoto M, Muntoni F, Guglieri M, Straub V, Bell G, Speed C, Bourke J, Bushby K, Quinlivan R, Jones R, Hunt A. P07 Translation related clinical trials in duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) in the UK. Neuromuscul Disord 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-8966(10)70022-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Choudhury R, Gattinoni C, Makov G, De Vita A. Molecular dynamics studies of the dissociated screw dislocation in silicon. J Phys Condens Matter 2010; 22:074210. [PMID: 21386388 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/7/074210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Characterizing the motion of dislocations through covalent, high Peierls barrier materials is a key problem in materials science, while despite the progress in experimental studies the actual observation of the atomistic behaviour involved in core migration remains limited. We have applied a hybrid embedding scheme to investigate the dissociated screw dislocation in silicon, consisting of two 30° partials separated by a stacking fault ribbon, under the influence of a constant external strain. Our 'learn on the fly' hybrid technique allows us to calculate the forces on atoms in the vicinity of the core region using the tight binding Kwon potential, whilst the remainder of the bulk matrix is treated within a classical approximation. Applying a 5% strain to the dissociated screw dislocation, for a simulation time of 100 ps at a temperature of 600 K, we observe movement of the partials through two different mechanisms: double kink formation and square ring diffusion at the core. Our results suggest that in these conditions, the role of solitons or anti-phase defects in seeding kink formation and subsequent migration is an important one, which should be taken into account in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Choudhury
- Physics Department, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK
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Choudhury R. Abdur Rashid Choudhury. West J Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.c7320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Abstract
Heteroepitaxy of InAs on GaAs(110) leads to the formation of subsurface misfit dislocations to relieve strain. These dislocations have been observed both with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM), and show regular spacing. Electronic structure calculations of the structure of the core of the dislocations, as well as their location within the epitaxial layer, are presented. The most stable location is found to be at the interface, with the core centred over In. Calculated strain profiles and the thickness at which dislocations should form are in good agreement with available experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Choudhury
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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Mukhopadhyay Sr. A, Das S, Dey S, Choudhury R, Ahmed R, Gupta P, Dhara A, Chakraborty S, Halder B, Mukhopadhyay S. Arsenic trioxide for treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome: An experience from India. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.13156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
13156 Background: Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) is a heterogeneous group of clonal diseases of the haematopoietic stem cells. The hallmark of the disease is ineffective haematopoiesis characterized by dysplasia with incomplete maturation and progressive increase in the percentage of myeloblast. No standard treatment is currently available for MDS. The early clinical experience has confirmed the activity of arsenic trioxide in MDS. The drug is able to induce differentiation and apoptosis and to inhibit cell proliferation or angiogenesis. It has the potential to be active in tumour models in MDS. The preliminary result of ongoing studies conducted in patients with MDS suggests that arsenic trioxide produces haematological improvement including durable transfusion independence in 30% of patients. The aim of our study was to see the response of MDS with arsenic trioxide and to see the toxicity profile of arsenic trioxide in Asian Indian population. Methods: During period from July 2005 to December 2005 we selected consecutive 10 patients of MDS in Refractory Anaemia, Refractory anaemia with ringed sideroblasts, Refractory anaemia with blast excess, Refractory anaemia with blast excess in transformations and chronic myelo monocytic leukemia phases. All patients had performance status more than 60%, some karyotypic abnormalities & in cytopenic phase. Median age of the patients 65 years (range 42 to 70 years). All patients were treated with arsenic trioxide 10mg (Alkem/India) daily for 2 hours infusion 28 days. In 15 days interval 3 courses were repeated. Response assessments were done by haematological, cytogenetic & quality of life assessment. All patients were evaluated after 3 courses of arsenic trioxide. Result: Sixty percent (6 patients) patients had shown major haematological response, forty percent minor & twenty percent has major cytogenetic response. Twenty percent of the patients has disease progression where as 20% has stable disease. The only mild adverse effects were seen in forms of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain & dermatitis in 30% of patients. Only one patient (10%) had QT prolongation in ECG. Conclusion: We concluded that arsenic trioxide is very useful drug in myelodysplastic syndrome. It is also well tolerated in Asian Indian Population. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S. Das
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - S. Dey
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - R. Choudhury
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - R. Ahmed
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - P. Gupta
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - A. Dhara
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - S. Chakraborty
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - B. Halder
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - S. Mukhopadhyay
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
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Mukhopadhyay S, Paul C, Thander K, Gorai J, Purakayet M, Biswas S, Choudhury R, Ahmed R, Gupta P, Mukhopadhyay A. Assessment of nutrition in cancer patients and its effect on treatment outcome—A study from a developing country. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.6125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
6125 Background: In developing countries one-third of the people suffer from mal-nutrition. It has been shown that a good nutritional status can reduce complications of treatment, strengthen the immune system and contribute to the patient’s general well being throughout treatment. A good nutritional status is therefore essential for optimal treatment of a cancer patient. The aim of our study was to see the nutritional status of cancer patients on diagnosis and effect of nutrition on outcome of therapy. Methods: In this study we prospectively analyzed the nutritional status of 500 cancer patients in Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, a tertiary cancer center of eastern India during period from January 2004 to December 2005. The age range of the patients was 19 years to 74 years (median age 46 years). The parameter analyzed were weight for age, total protein, serum albumin and mid arm circumference. The weight for age and mid arm circumference were taken as normal if they were between 3rd and 97th percentile curve of the growth chart recommended by the Indian Council of Medical Research. The albumin level and the total protein were considered normal if the value is equal to or more than 3gm% and 5.8gm%. Result: It was seen that total 120 patients (24%) were low weight for age and 100 patients (20%) had low mid arm circumference. Total 90 patients (18%) had low serum albumin while 130 patients (26%) were low serum protein. Low weight for age, low serum albumin and low mid arm circumference were significant factors in disease free survival and toxicity of chemotherapy (p value < .001) Conclusion: We conclude that mal-nutrition is a major finding in cancer patients in developing country like ours. The patient with mal-nutrition had less disease free survival and more toxicities during therapy as compared to well-nourished patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Mukhopadhyay
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - C. Paul
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - K. Thander
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - J. Gorai
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - M. Purakayet
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - S. Biswas
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - R. Choudhury
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - R. Ahmed
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - P. Gupta
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - A. Mukhopadhyay
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
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Dey S, Sarkar R, Ghosh P, Khatun R, Ghorai K, Choudhury R, Ahmed R, Gupta P, Mukhopadhyay S, Mukhopadhyay A. Effect of wheat grass juice in supportive care of terminally ill cancer patients— A tertiary cancer centre experience from India. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.8634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
8634 Background: The solid content of juice made from wheat grass is 70% chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is often referred to as “The blood of plant life” and has almost the same chemical structure as haemoglobin. Chlorophyll cleanses the blood by improving the supply of oxygen to the circulatory system. Wheat grass is also a complete protein with about 30 enzymes, vitamins & minerals. Wheat grass juice has been proven over many years to benefit people in numerous ways, building the blood, restoring balance in the body, removing toxic metals from the cells, nourishing the liver & kidneys and restoring vitality. The aim of our study was to see the effect of wheat grass juice in terminally ill cancer patients to improve the quality of life. Methods: During period from January 2003 to December 2005 we selected 400 solid organ cancer patients in our palliative care unit of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute to see the effect of wheat grass on improvement of haemoglobin level, serum protein & performance status on terminally ill cancer patients. The age range of the patients was 22 year to 87 year (median age 42 years). The different types of cancers were Lung (25%), Breast (20%), Oesophagaus (11%), Colon (9%), Ovary (8%), Hepatocellular carcinoma (6%), Stomach (6%) and others (15%) respectively. We cultivated wheat grass in our campus. When the grasses were 5 days old we took the fresh leaves including roots and made fresh juice out of that and had given 30ml of juice to all our 400 cancer patients for continuous 6 months. Result: The mean levels of haemoglobin, Serum total protein, albumin and performance status were 8gm%, 5.4gm%, 2.2gm% and 50%. Fifty patients required transfusion support & those patients were excluded from the study. Other 348 patients are evaluated 6 months after giving wheat grass juice. The mean values for haemoglobin, total protein & albumin were improved significantly (pvalue < .005) and were observed mean of 9.6gm%, 7.4gm% and 3.1gm%. White blood cell & platelet count were same in both the cases. The performance status was improved from 50% to 70% (Karnofsky) after wheat grass treatment. Conclusion: We concluded that wheat grass juice is an effective alternative of blood transfusion. Its use in terminally ill cancer patients should be encouraged. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Dey
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - R. Sarkar
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - P. Ghosh
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - R. Khatun
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - K. Ghorai
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - R. Choudhury
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - R. Ahmed
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - P. Gupta
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - S. Mukhopadhyay
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - A. Mukhopadhyay
- Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata, India
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Miyazaki T, Bowler DR, Choudhury R, Gillan MJ. Atomic force algorithms in density functional theory electronic-structure techniques based on local orbitals. J Chem Phys 2004; 121:6186-94. [PMID: 15446912 DOI: 10.1063/1.1787832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Electronic structure methods based on density-functional theory, pseudopotentials, and local-orbital basis sets offer a hierarchy of techniques for modeling complex condensed-matter systems with a wide range of precisions and computational speeds. We analyze the relationships between the algorithms for atomic forces in this hierarchy of techniques, going from empirical tight-binding through ab initio tight-binding to full ab initio. The analysis gives a unified overview of the force algorithms as applied within techniques based either on diagonalization or on linear-scaling approaches. The use of these force algorithms is illustrated by practical calculations with the CONQUEST code, in which different techniques in the hierarchy are applied in a concerted manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Miyazaki
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Vaidya
- Department of Surgery, Whittington Hospital, Royal Free and University College London Medical School, Highgate Hill, London N19 5NF UK.
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Abstract
The genes for resistance to any essential metal ion are generally tightly regulated. In Pseudomonas putida strain S4, a multiple metal-resistant strain, mutational analysis gave strong evidence to the presence of the same for the expression of Zn resistance. Zn-sensitive mutants showed a lower MTC of Zn and expressed the Zn resistance genes with a lower efficacy. Non-complementation between these mutants suggests that they are possibly involved in the same function. Altered response to Zn of these mutants assisted in predicting the involvement of a repressor protein regulating the expression of Zn resistance genes. Zn hypersensitive mutant, on the other hand, appears to have an unregulated Zn uptake. This seems to provide the sensor component in the regulation. Zn resistance in strain S4 consists of three steps, viz., uptake, efflux, and binding, which are shared by a Zn homeostasis mechanism as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Choudhury
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi-South Campus, New Delhi, India
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Choudhury R, Srivastava J, Chaudhury S. Reconstruction-based recognition of scenes with translationally repeated quadrics. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Machine Intell 2001; 23:617-632. [DOI: 10.1109/34.927462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2023]
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Abstract
We present the MRI features of the lumbar spine in a patient with ochronosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Choudhury
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore-632004, Tamil Nadu, India
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Choudhury R, Chowrimootoo G, Srai K, Debnam E, Rice-Evans CA. Interactions of the flavonoid naringenin in the gastrointestinal tract and the influence of glycosylation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999; 265:410-5. [PMID: 10558881 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.1695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We have studied interactions in the gastrointestinal tract of flavonoids and the influence of glycosylation on their subsequent metabolism by examining the urinary recoveries of the flavonoid naringenin-7-glucoside and its aglycone, in the conscious rat model, after oral and intravenous administration. Absorption studies were also conducted using an in vitro isolated rat jejunum. The results show that ca. 10% of the administered dose of naringenin was recovered after oral dosing, the majority as naringenin glucuronide, whereas, after intravenous administration, the recovery of the glucuronide was ca. 20%. In contrast, after oral dosing of naringenin-7-glucoside, its hydrolysis product naringenin (0.5%) and naringenin glucuronide (12.7%) were detected. After intravenous dosing the majority of that identified in the urine was as the native glucoside. These findings suggest that, via the oral route, the glycoside group is cleaved by an intestinal enzyme prior to glucuronidation within the epithelium. This is substantiated by the urinary elimination of the native glucoside and the lack of detection of glucuronide after intravenous administration. Transport studies with isolated intestine showed that neither unchanged naringenin nor the 7-glucoside was absorbed in significant quantities across the gut wall. The major metabolite detected in both cases was naringenin glucuronide, thus supporting the notion that glucuronidation as well as hydrolysis can occur at the intestinal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Choudhury
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Guy's, King's and St Thomas's School of Biomedical Sciences, Guys Campus, London, SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
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48
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Abstract
We have studied the perfusion of the jejunum and ileum in an isolated rat intestine model with flavonoids and hydroxycinnamates and the influence of glycosylation on the subsequent metabolism. Flavone and flavonol glucosides and their corresponding aglycones are glucuronidated during transfer across the rat jejunum and ileum and this glucuronidation occurs without the need for gut microflora. Furthermore, this suggests the presence of glycosidases as well as UDP-glucuronyl transferase in the jejunum. In contrast, quercetin-3-glucoside and rutin are mainly absorbed unmetabolised. The results suggest that the more highly reducing phenolics are absorbed predominantly as glucuronides (96.5%+/-4.6) of the amount absorbed, whereas monophenolic hydroxycinnamates and monophenolic B-ring flavonoids are less predisposed to glucuronidation and higher levels of aglycone (88.1%+/-10.1) are detected on absorption through both the jejunum and ileum.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Spencer
- International Antioxidant Research Centre, Guy's King's and St. Thomas's School of Biomedical Sciences, London, UK
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49
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Abstract
The urinary recoveries of the hydroxycinnamates, ferulic acid (3-methoxy, 4-hydroxy cinnamic acid), and chlorogenic acid (the quinic acid ester of 3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid), and three structurally related flavonoids were studied in the rat. For the latter, the aglycone quercetin was compared with its 3-glucoside (isoquercitrin) and 3-rhamnoglucoside (rutin). Doses of 50 mg/kg were administered via the oral and intravenous routes and urine collected over the subsequent 24-h period. Reverse phase HPLC with photo-diode array detection was used to analyze the unchanged compound and their metabolites excreted in the urine. Ferulic acid and isoquercitrin were orally absorbed (5.4 and 0.48% of administered dose, respectively) and are therefore bioavailable. In contrast, neither unchanged chlorogenic acid, rutin, quercetin, nor the conjugated metabolites in the form of glucuronide or sulphate were detected in the urine after oral dosing. All the flavonoids studied produced low total urinary recoveries after intravenous administration, 9.2% for quercetin-3-rhamnoglucoside, 6.7% for the 3-glucoside, and 2.4% for the aglycone, indicating that extensive metabolism to low molecular weight compounds or excretion via other routes may be occurring. Overall it can be stated that renal excretion is not a major pathway of elimination for intact flavonoids and hydroxycinnamates in the rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Choudhury
- Antioxidant Research Centre, Guy's, King's and St Thomas's School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
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Bachier CR, Giles RE, Ellerson D, Hanania EG, Garcia-Sanchez F, Andreeff M, Cabanillas F, Champlin R, Choudhury R, Berenson R, Heimfeld S, Deisseroth AB. Hematopoietic retroviral gene marking in patients with follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 1999; 32:279-88. [PMID: 10037025 DOI: 10.3109/10428199909167388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a double retroviral vector (RV) gene marking trial to test for the possible contribution to relapse of follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (FNHL) cells present in bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) grafts used for hematopoietic reconstitution of patients undergoing myelaoblative chemotherapy and autologous transplant. CD34 positive selection using the CellPro Ceprate CD34 column was performed on PB mononuclear cells obtained after cyclophosphamide/G-CSF mobilization. CD34 positive cells were exposed for 4-6 hours to the LNL6 or G1 Na RV in the absence of growth factors or stromal monolayers. One week later, BM mononuclear cells were similarly processed. Patients then received total body irradiation (TBI), cyclophosphamide, and etoposide followed by infusion of both PB and BM CD34 positive cells. Semiquantitative Southern blot analysis of DNA t(14;18) amplification products showed approximately a three log reduction in t(14;18) positive cells after CD34 positive selection. The first patient showed evidence of engraftment with RV positive BM and PB cells for 9 months. He relapsed one year after transplant. At relapse, one year after transplant, he had lost evidence of RV positive cells in ficolled mononuclear BM and PB cells as well as in CD19 positive cells. The second and third patients showed evidence of engraftment with RV positive cells up to 9 and 6 months post BMT respectively. The second and third patients are still in clinical remission. Our results demonstrate engraftment of RV transduced hematopoietic cells in the PB and BM for up to 9 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Bachier
- South Texas Cancer Institute, San Antonio 78229, USA
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