1
|
Baturalp TB, Bozkurt S, Baldock C. The future of biomedical engineering education is transdisciplinary. Phys Eng Sci Med 2024:10.1007/s13246-024-01442-9. [PMID: 38814515 DOI: 10.1007/s13246-024-01442-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Selim Bozkurt
- School of Engineering, Ulster University, BT15 1AP, Belfast, UK
| | - Clive Baldock
- Graduate Research School, Western Sydney University, 2747, Penrith, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ayala AJ, Ogbunugafor CB. When Vibrios Take Flight: A Meta-Analysis of Pathogenic Vibrio Species in Wild and Domestic Birds. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1404:295-336. [PMID: 36792882 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-22997-8_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Of the over 100 species in the genus Vibrio, approximately twelve are associated with clinical disease, such as cholera and vibriosis. Crucially, eleven of those twelve, including Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio vulnificus, have been isolated from birds. Since 1965, pathogenic Vibrio species have been consistently isolated from aquatic and ground-foraging bird species, which has implications for public health, as well as the One Health paradigm defined as an ecology-inspired, integrative framework for the study of health and disease, inclusive of environmental, human, and animal health. In this meta-analysis, we identified 76 studies from the primary literature which report on or examine birds as hosts for pathogenic Vibrio species. We found that the burden of disease in birds was most commonly associated with V. cholerae, followed by V. metschnikovii and V. parahaemolyticus. Meta-analysis wide prevalence of our Vibrio pathogens varied from 19% for V. parahaemolyticus to 1% for V. mimicus. Wild and domestic birds were both affected, which may have implications for conservation, as well as agriculturally associated avian species. As pathogenic Vibrios become more abundant throughout the world as a result of warming estuaries and oceans, susceptible avian species should be continually monitored as potential reservoirs for these pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J Ayala
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - C Brandon Ogbunugafor
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chakraborty S, Andrade FCD, Smith RL. An Interdisciplinary Approach to One Health: Course Design, Development, and Delivery. JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL EDUCATION 2022; 49:568-574. [PMID: 34351842 DOI: 10.3138/jvme-2021-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
One Health is an approach to studying health by recognizing the interconnections between people, animals, plants, and their shared environment. This article describes the process of designing a new course on One Health at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC). We brought together faculty and students from across campus to develop a multidisciplinary course dedicated to One Health and infectious diseases. This group met over 9 months to brainstorm course goals, objectives, and ideas. The group also organized a workshop to explore One Health's existing knowledge and ongoing work on the UIUC campus. We solicited the help of experts throughout the university to co-teach the course. The course curriculum and course materials included 13 unique case studies. The course was offered in fall 2019, and its goals were to add to the existing training and coursework on One Health at the University of Illinois campus, offer a course that would be suitable for students from all fields of study, and develop helpful case studies to be made available to other educators. Student feedback highlights the course's successes as well as areas for future improvement. This article describes this entire process of course development, provides recommendations to guide improvements in the next offering of the course, and details our contributions to the field of One Health education.
Collapse
|
4
|
Clark D, Antwi-Boasiako G, Brook RK, Epp T, Jenkins E, Lambert S, Soos C. Understanding and strengthening wildlife and zoonotic disease policy processes: A research imperative. Zoonoses Public Health 2022; 69:768-776. [PMID: 35822519 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic highlights the urgency and importance of monitoring, managing and addressing zoonotic diseases, and the acute challenges of doing so with sufficient inter-jurisdictional coordination in a dynamic global context. Although wildlife pathogens are well-studied clinically and ecologically, there is very little systematic scholarship on their management or on policy implications. The current global pandemic therefore presents a unique social science research imperative: to understand how decisions are made about preventing and responding to wildlife diseases, especially zoonoses, and how those policy processes can be improved as part of early warning systems, preparedness and rapid response. To meet these challenges, we recommend intensified research efforts towards: (i) generating functional insights about wildlife and zoonotic disease policy processes, (ii) enabling social and organizational learning to mobilize those insights, (iii) understanding epistemic instability to address populist anti-science and (iv) anticipating evolving and new zoonotic emergences, especially their human dimensions. Since policy processes for zoonoses can be acutely challenged during the early stages of an epidemic or pandemic, such insights can provide a pragmatic, empirically-based roadmap for enhancing their robustness and efficacy, and benefiting long-term decision-making efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Clark
- School of Environment & Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Gabriel Antwi-Boasiako
- School of Environment & Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Ryan K Brook
- College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Tasha Epp
- Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Emily Jenkins
- Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Simon Lambert
- Department of Indigenous Studies, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Catherine Soos
- Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.,Environment and Climate Change, Prairie and Northern Wildlife Research Centre, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Arzi B, Nolta JA, Vapniarsky N. The oromaxillofacial region as a model for a one-health approach in regenerative medicine. Am J Vet Res 2022; 83:291-297. [PMID: 35175935 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.21.12.0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The concept of a one-health approach in regenerative medicine has gained tremendous momentum in the scientific and public communities in recent years. Knowledge derived from this approach informs innovative biomedical research, clinical trials, and practice. The ultimate goal is to translate regenerative strategies for curing diseases and improving the quality of life in animals and people. Building and fostering strong and enthusiastic interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary collaboration between teams with a wide range of expertise and backgrounds is the cornerstone to the success of the one-health approach and translational sciences. The veterinarian's role in conducting clinical trials in client-owned animals with naturally occurring diseases is critical and unique as it may potentially inform human clinical trials. The veterinary regenerative medicine and surgery field is on a steep trajectory of discoveries and innovations. This manuscript focuses on oromaxillofacial-region regeneration to exemplify how the concept of interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary collaboration and the one-health approach influenced the authors' work experience at the University of California-Davis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boaz Arzi
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA.,Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Jan A Nolta
- Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA.,Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Natalia Vapniarsky
- Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA.,Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Caliskan D, Bakkaloğlu Z, Numanoglu Cevik Y, Suzuk Yildiz S, Kaskatepe B. Maldi-TOF MS identification and antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from playground. Microb Pathog 2021; 159:105155. [PMID: 34418494 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, it was aimed to determine the antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli strains isolated from samples taken from various children's parks of Ankara and to confirm the resistance by molecular methods. Five hundred fifty-four samples, including soil samples from 140 different parks and 414 swab samples from slides, swings, ferris wheels, seesaws, and other toys from 176 different parks, were taken. Fourty E. coli strains isolated from these samples were included in the study. Antibiotic susceptibility tests of 40 E. coli isolates were performed by EUCAST recommendations. The resistance rates of E. coli isolates were found as ciprofloxacin 5%, ampicillin 17%, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 15%, streptomycin 12.5%, tobramycin 5%, gentamicin 5%, cefotaxime 2.5%, and ceftazidime 2.5%. Intermediate rates were found as 95%, 90%, and 70% for tobramycin, gentamicin, and streptomycin respectively. blaCTX-M β-lactamase gene was investigated for an isolate determined to be resistant to both cefotaxime and ceftazidime but blaCTXM gene could not be detected. Aminoglycoside resistance of strains has been investigated because of high intermediate sensitivity rates. For this purpose, aac(6')-Ib, aac(3')-IIa, aph(3')-VI, ant(3')-I, aac(3')-IV, ant(2')-Ia genes scanned, and were detected 97.5% of our isolates ant (3')-I, %25 aac(6')-Ib', 5% aac(3')-IIa, 2.5% ant(2')-Ia. Also, aph(3')-VI, and aac(3')-IV genes could not be detected in any of the isolates. Consequently, it has been revealed that resistant E. coli strains isolated from children's parks can pose a potential risk in public health for transmission of resistant genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilara Caliskan
- Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Van, Turkey; Ankara University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zekiye Bakkaloğlu
- MoH General Directorate of Public Health, Department of Microbiology Reference Laboratory and Biological Product, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Numanoglu Cevik
- MoH General Directorate of Public Health, Department of Microbiology Reference Laboratory and Biological Product, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serap Suzuk Yildiz
- MoH General Directorate of Public Health, Department of Microbiology Reference Laboratory and Biological Product, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Banu Kaskatepe
- Ankara University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ankara, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Espeschit IDF, Santana CM, Moreira MAS. Public Policies and One Health in Brazil: The Challenge of the Disarticulation. Front Public Health 2021; 9:644748. [PMID: 34150698 PMCID: PMC8213203 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.644748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Working the One health strategy in developing countries is a challenge, due to structural weaknesses or deprivation of financial, human, and material resources. Brazil has policies and programs that would allow continuous and systematic monitoring of human, animal, and environmental health, recommending strategies for control and prevention. For animals, there are components of the Epidemiological Surveillance of zoonosis and Animal Health Programs. To guarantee food safety, there are Health Surveillance services and support of the Agropecuary Defense in the inspection of these products, productive environments, and their inputs. Environmental Surveillance Services monitor water and air quality, which may influence health. For human health, these and other services related to Health Surveillance, such as Worker Health and Epidemiological Surveillance, which has a training program responsible for forming professionals groups to respond effectively to emergencies in public health are available. Therefore, Brazil has instruments that may allow integrated planning and intervention based on the One Health initiative. However, the consolidation of this faces several challenges, such as insufficient resources, professional alienation, and lack of the recognition of the importance of animal and environmental health for the maintenance of human and planetary well-being. This culminates in disarticulation, lack of communication, and integration between organizations. Thus, efforts to share attributions and responsibilities must be consolidated, overcoming the verticality of the actions, promoting efficiency and effectiveness. Finally, this perspective aims to describe the government instruments that constitute potential national efforts and the challenges for the consolidation of the One Health initiative in Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isis de Freitas Espeschit
- Laboratory of Bacterial Diseases, Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Public Health Sector, Veterinary Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Aparecida Scatamburlo Moreira
- Laboratory of Bacterial Diseases, Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Public Health Sector, Veterinary Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Atusingwize E, Ndejjo R, Tumukunde G, Buregyeya E, Nsamba P, Tuhebwe D, Kato CD, Naigaga I, Musoke D, Kabasa JD, Bazeyo W. Application of one health approach in training at Makerere University: experiences from the one health workforce project in Uganda. ONE HEALTH OUTLOOK 2020; 2:23. [PMID: 33829138 PMCID: PMC7993464 DOI: 10.1186/s42522-020-00030-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The interconnections of humans, domestic animals, wildlife and the environment have increasingly become complex, requiring innovative and collaborative approaches (One Health approach) for addressing global health challenges. One Health is a multidisciplinary and multi-sectoral collaborative approach to human, animal, plant and environmental health. The role of academia in training professionals oriented in One Health is critical in building a global workforce capable of enhancing synergies of various sectors in improving health. Makerere University, Uganda has implemented pre-service capacity building initiatives aimed to foster One Health competencies among students who are future practitioners. In addition to incorporating the One Health concept in didactic curricula, Student One Health Innovation Clubs, undergraduate field placements in 11 demonstration sites, graduate fellowships, small grants to support research and innovations, and cross-college collaborative training approaches have greatly aided the assimilation of One Health into the fabric of university offerings. Partnerships with government ministries, private sector and international agencies were initiated to benefit the students, as well as chart a path for experiential learning and in-service offerings in the future. One major challenge, however, has been the tendency to focus on infectious diseases, especially zoonoses, with less consideration of other health issues. The opportunity for improvement, nonetheless, lies in the increasing emerging and re-emerging health concerns including epidemics, environmental pollution and related challenges which justify the need for countries and institutions to focus on building and strengthening multidisciplinary health systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rawlance Ndejjo
- Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | - Peninah Nsamba
- Makerere University College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Doreen Tuhebwe
- Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Charles Drago Kato
- Makerere University College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Irene Naigaga
- One Health Central and Eastern Africa (OHCEA), Kampala, Uganda
| | - David Musoke
- Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - John David Kabasa
- Makerere University College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Kampala, Uganda
- One Health Central and Eastern Africa (OHCEA), Kampala, Uganda
| | - William Bazeyo
- Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
- One Health Central and Eastern Africa (OHCEA), Kampala, Uganda
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Berrian AM, Wilkes M, Gilardi K, Smith W, Conrad PA, Crook PZ, Cullor J, Nyatanyi T, Smith MH, Kazwala R, Mazet JAK. Developing a Global One Health Workforce: The "Rx One Health Summer Institute" Approach. ECOHEALTH 2020; 17:222-232. [PMID: 32685999 PMCID: PMC7471195 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-020-01481-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The One Health approach has gained support across a range of disciplines; however, training opportunities for professionals seeking to operationalize the interdisciplinary approach are limited. Academic institutions, through the development of high-quality, experiential training programs that focus on the application of professional competencies, can increase accessibility to One Health education. The Rx One Health Summer Institute, jointly led by US and East African partners, provides a model for such a program. In 2017, 21 participants representing five countries completed the Rx One Health program in East Africa. Participants worked collaboratively with communities neighboring wildlife areas to better understand issues impacting human and animal health and welfare, livelihoods, and conservation. One Health topics were explored through community engagement and role-playing exercises, field-based health surveillance activities, laboratories, and discussions with local experts. Educational assessments reflected improvements in participants' ability to apply the One Health approach to health and disease problem solving, as well as anticipate cross-sectoral challenges to its implementation. The experiential learning method, specifically the opportunity to engage with local communities, proved to be impactful on participants' cultural awareness. The Rx One Health Summer Institute training model may provide an effective and implementable strategy by which to contribute to the development of a global One Health workforce.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Berrian
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Michael Wilkes
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Kirsten Gilardi
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Woutrina Smith
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Patricia A Conrad
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Global Programs, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Paulina Zielinska Crook
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Global Programs, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - James Cullor
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Thierry Nyatanyi
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martin H Smith
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Jonna A K Mazet
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kanankege KST, Phelps NBD, Vesterinen HM, Errecaborde KM, Alvarez J, Bender JB, Wells SJ, Perez AM. Lessons Learned From the Stakeholder Engagement in Research: Application of Spatial Analytical Tools in One Health Problems. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:254. [PMID: 32478109 PMCID: PMC7237577 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stakeholder engagement in research is widely advocated as a tool to integrate diverse knowledge and perspectives in the management of health threats while addressing potential conflicts of interest. Although guidelines for stakeholder engagement exist in public health and environmental sciences, the feasibility of actionable decisions based on scientific analyses and the lessons learned from the stakeholder engagement in the process co-creation of knowledge have been rarely discussed in One Health literature and veterinary sciences. Risk maps and risk regionalization using spatiotemporal epidemiological/analytical tools are known to improve risk perception and communication. Risk maps are useful when informing policy and management decisions on quarantine, vaccination, and surveillance intended to prevent or control threats to human, animal, or environmental health interface (i.e., One Health). We hypothesized that researcher-stakeholder engagement throughout the research process could enhance the utility of risk maps; while identifying opportunities to improve data collection, analysis, interpretation, and, ultimately, implementation of scientific/evidence-based management and policy measures. Three case studies were conducted to test this process of co-creation of scientific knowledge, using spatiotemporal epidemiological approaches, all related to One Health problems affecting Minnesota. Our interpretation of the opportunities, challenges, and lessons learned from the process are summarized from both researcher and stakeholder perspectives. By sharing our experience we intend to provide an understanding of the expectations, realizations, and “good practices” we learned through this slow-moving iterative process of co-creation of knowledge. We hope this contribution benefits the planning of future transdisciplinary research related to risk map-based management of One Health problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaushi S T Kanankege
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Nicholas B D Phelps
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, College of Food, Agriculture and Natural Resource Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Heidi M Vesterinen
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Kaylee M Errecaborde
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Julio Alvarez
- Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria (VISAVET), Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jeffrey B Bender
- Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Scott J Wells
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Andres M Perez
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Santaniello A, Dicé F, Claudia Carratú R, Amato A, Fioretti A, Menna LF. Methodological and Terminological Issues in Animal-Assisted Interventions: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10050759. [PMID: 32349351 PMCID: PMC7277107 DOI: 10.3390/ani10050759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Animal-assisted interventions (AAIs) include a wide range of activities aimed at improving the health and well-being of people with the help of pets. Although there have been many studies on the effects of these interventions on animal and human wellbeing and health, univocal data on the methodological aspects, regarding type and duration of intervention, operators, involved animal species, and so on, are still lacking. In this regard, several systematic reviews in the scientific literature have already explored and outlined some methodological aspects of animal-assisted interventions. Therefore, we developed an umbrella review (UR) which summarizes the data of a set of suitable systematic reviews (SRs), in order to clarify how these Interventions are carried out. From our results, it is shown that there is a widespread heterogeneity in the scientific literature concerning the study and implementation of these interventions. These results highlight the need for the development and, consequently, the diffusion of protocols (not only operational, but also research approaches) providing for a univocal use of globally recognized terminologies and facilitating comparison between the numerous experiences carried out and reported in the field. Abstract Recently, animal-assisted interventions (AAIs), which are defined as psychological, educational, and rehabilitation support activities, have become widespread in different contexts. For many years, they have been a subject of interest in the international scientific community and are at the center of an important discussion regarding their effectiveness and the most appropriate practices for their realization. We carried out an umbrella review (UR) of systematic reviews (SRs), created for the purpose of exploring the literature and aimed at deepening the terminological and methodological aspects of AAIs. It is created by exploring the online databases PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library. The SRs present in the high-impact indexed search engines Web of Sciences and Scopus are selected. After screening, we selected 15 SRs that met the inclusion criteria. All papers complained of the poor quality of AAIs; some considered articles containing interventions that did not always correspond to the terminology they have explored and whose operating practices were not always comparable. This stresses the need for the development and consequent diffusion of not only operational protocols, but also research protocols which provide for the homogeneous use of universally recognized terminologies, thus facilitating the study, deepening, and comparison between the numerous experiences described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Santaniello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, Federico II University of Naples, via Mezzocannone, 8-80134 Naples, Italy; (A.A.); (A.F.); (L.F.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0812536134
| | - Francesca Dicé
- University Centre SinAPSi, Federico II University of Naples, via G.C. Cortese, 29-80133 Naples, Italy; (F.D.); (R.C.C.)
| | - Roberta Claudia Carratú
- University Centre SinAPSi, Federico II University of Naples, via G.C. Cortese, 29-80133 Naples, Italy; (F.D.); (R.C.C.)
| | - Alessia Amato
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, Federico II University of Naples, via Mezzocannone, 8-80134 Naples, Italy; (A.A.); (A.F.); (L.F.M.)
| | - Alessandro Fioretti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, Federico II University of Naples, via Mezzocannone, 8-80134 Naples, Italy; (A.A.); (A.F.); (L.F.M.)
| | - Lucia Francesca Menna
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, Federico II University of Naples, via Mezzocannone, 8-80134 Naples, Italy; (A.A.); (A.F.); (L.F.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Menna LF, Santaniello A, Todisco M, Amato A, Borrelli L, Scandurra C, Fioretti A. The Human-Animal Relationship as the Focus of Animal-Assisted Interventions: A One Health Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E3660. [PMID: 31569460 PMCID: PMC6801464 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16193660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal-assisted intervention (AAIs) represent an adequate expression of integrated medicine, according to the One Health approach. We argue that AAIs are interventions based on interspecific relationships between humans and animals. Although there are many studies on the effects of AAIs on animal and human health and wellbeing, research is still needed to give us more data. For example, information is still lacking on the aspects characterizing and influencing the interspecific relationships occurring in AAIs. The efficacy of an intervention based on interspecific relationships will be influenced by different factors, such as attachment styles and personalities of both the animal and the handler, an appropriate choice of animal species and their individuality, animal educational training techniques, the relationship between the handler and the animal, and relational reciprocity between animal, the patients, and members of the working team. METHOD This article aims to contribute to the study of interspecific relationships in AAIs via theoretical considerations. An interspecific relationship determines the result of safe interventions, which directly influences the welfare of the animal. Results and considerations: AAIs should be evaluated systemically as a network within a process in which every component interacts with and influences other components. Standardized methods using appropriate tests and parameters are needed to better select appropriate animals (i.e., species and individual subjects) using interspecific relational competences as well as appropriate educational training methods and health protocols to assess potential risks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Francesca Menna
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Antonio Santaniello
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Margherita Todisco
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Alessia Amato
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Luca Borrelli
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Fioretti
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Barrett MJ, Alphonsus KB, Harmin M, Epp T, Hoessler C, McIntyre D, Reeder B, Singh B. Learning for Transdisciplinary Leadership: Why Skilled Scholars Coming Together Is Not Enough. Bioscience 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biz072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Transdisciplinary research is an emerging new normal for many scientists in applied research fields, including One Health, planetary health, and sustainability. However, simply bringing highly skilled students (and faculty members) together to generate real-world solutions and policy recommendations for complex problems often fails to consistently create the desired results in transdisciplinary settings. Our research goal was to improve understanding and applications of transdisciplinary learning processes within a One Health graduate education program. This qualitative study analyzes 5 years of action research data, identifying four transdisciplinary leadership skills and four conditions required for consistent skill development. Combining Vygotsky's theory of proximal development with identified transdisciplinary skills, we explain why educational scaffolding is needed to enable more successful design and delivery of transdisciplinary learning, particularly in One Health educational programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tasha Epp
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine
| | | | - Danielle McIntyre
- Clinical Learning Resource Centre, Office of the Vice Provost Health
| | - Bruce Reeder
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Baljit Singh
- Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Rainha K, Fernandes Ferreira R, Trindade CNR, Carneiro LG, Penna B, Endres BT, Begum K, Alam MJ, Garey KW, Domingues Regina Maria CP, Ferreira EO. Characterization of Clostridioides difficile ribotypes in domestic dogs in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Anaerobe 2019; 58:22-29. [PMID: 31220606 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Clostridioides difficile is the major etiologic agent of nosocomial bacterial diarrhoea and pseudomembranous colitis. The pathogenesis of C. difficile infection (CDI)involves two cytotoxic enzymes (TcdA, TcdB) that cause colonic epithelial damage, fluid accumulation and enteritis. CDI has been demonstrated in a variety of animal species and some reports have recently raised the importance of wild animals as a reservoir of this pathogen and possible transmission to humans and domestic animals. The aim of this study was to characterize C. difficile isolates obtained from pet dogs in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A total of 50 faecal samples were obtained from healthy and diarrheic dogs. Five of fifty samples (10%) grew C. difficile. Of those, three belonged to the PCR ribotype 106 (ST 42) and were toxigenic (A+B+). The other two strains belonged to the PCR ribotype 010 (ST 15) and were not toxin producers (A-B-). None of the isolates tested positive for the binary toxin genes. Considering the antimicrobial resistance patterns of all isolates using EUCAST breakpoints, all strains were sensitive to metronidazole and vancomycin. However, two strains (ribotype 106 and ribotype 010), were resistant to clindamycin (≤256 μg/mL). All strains were strong biofilm producers. Our study provides evidence that dogs can act as reservoirs for C. difficile epidemic ribotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Rainha
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, IMPG, Depto. de Microbiologia Médica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - R Fernandes Ferreira
- Clínica Veterinária VetCare, Flamengo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Universidade Severino Sombra, Pro Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós Graduação, Vassouras, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - C N R Trindade
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, IMPG, Depto. de Microbiologia Médica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - L G Carneiro
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, IMPG, Depto. de Microbiologia Médica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - B Penna
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Depto. de Microbiologia Veterinária, Niterói, Brazil
| | - B T Endres
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, 4849 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - K Begum
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, 4849 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - M J Alam
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, 4849 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - K W Garey
- University of Houston College of Pharmacy, 4849 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | | | - E O Ferreira
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, IMPG, Depto. de Microbiologia Médica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mor SM, Norris JM, Bosward KL, Toribio JALML, Ward MP, Gongora J, Vost M, Higgins PC, McGreevy PD, White PJ, Zaki S. One health in our backyard: Design and evaluation of an experiential learning experience for veterinary medical students. One Health 2018; 5:57-64. [PMID: 29911166 PMCID: PMC6000817 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background New educational approaches are needed to improve student understanding of the wider sociological and ecological determinants of health as well as professional responsibilities in related areas. Field trips allow students to observe interaction between plant, animal and human communities, making them an ideal tool for teaching One Health concepts. Methods Veterinary medical students participated in a field trip to a local parklands area, frequented by humans, dogs, horses, and wildlife. Students rotated through 5 learning activities (‘stations’) that focused on: (1) response to exotic animal disease incursion (equine influenza); (2) impact of cultures and belief systems on professional practice; (3) management of dangerous dogs; (4) land use change, biodiversity and emerging infectious disease; and (5) management of environmentally-acquired zoonoses (botulism). Intended learning outcomes were for students to: evaluate the various roles and responsibilities of veterinarians in society; compare the benefits and risks associated with human-animal and animal-animal interactions; and evaluate the contributions made by various professionals in safeguarding the health and welfare of animals, humans and the environment. Following the field trip, students participated in a debrief exercise and completed an online survey on their experiences. Results Feedback from students collected in 2016/2017 (n = 211) was overwhelmingly positive. The learning experience at each station was rated as 4 (‘Good’) or 5 (‘Very Good’) out of 5 by 82–96% of students. Responses to closed- and open-ended questions − as well as outputs generated in the debrief session − indicated that students achieved the learning outcomes. Overall, 94% of students agreed or strongly agreed that they had a better understanding of One Health because of the field trip. Conclusions Field trips to local parklands are effective in promoting learning about One Health and can be incorporated into the core curriculum to maximize student exposure at relatively low cost.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siobhan M Mor
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Veterinary Science, NSW 2006, Australia.,The University of Sydney, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jacqueline M Norris
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Veterinary Science, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Katrina L Bosward
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Veterinary Science, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jenny-Ann L M L Toribio
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Veterinary Science, NSW 2006, Australia.,The University of Sydney, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Michael P Ward
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Veterinary Science, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jaime Gongora
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Veterinary Science, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Meg Vost
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Veterinary Science, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Peter C Higgins
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Veterinary Science, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Paul D McGreevy
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Veterinary Science, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Peter J White
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Veterinary Science, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Sanaa Zaki
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Veterinary Science, NSW 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Roh S, Rickard LN, McComas KA, Decker DJ. Public understanding of One Health messages: The role of temporal framing. PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE (BRISTOL, ENGLAND) 2018; 27:185-196. [PMID: 29353551 DOI: 10.1177/0963662516670805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Building on research in motivated reasoning and framing in science communication, we examine how messages that vary attribution of responsibility (human vs animal) and temporal orientation (now vs in the next 10 years) for wildlife disease risk influence individuals' conservation intentions. We conducted a randomized experiment with a nationally representative sample of US adults ( N = 355), which revealed that for people low in biospheric concern, messages that highlighted both human responsibility for and the imminent nature of the risk failed to enhance conservation intentions compared with messages highlighting animal responsibility. However, when messages highlighting human responsibility placed the risk in a temporally distal frame, conservation intentions increased among people low in biospheric concern. We assess the underlying mechanism of this effect and discuss the value of temporal framing in overcoming motivated skepticism to improve science communication.
Collapse
|
17
|
Letters to the Editor. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2018; 252:43-44. [DOI: 10.2460/javma.252.1.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
18
|
Chatterjee P, Chauhan AS, Joseph J, Kakkar M. One Health/EcoHealth capacity building programs in South and South East Asia: a mixed method rapid systematic review. HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH 2017; 15:72. [PMID: 28962571 PMCID: PMC5622563 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-017-0246-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although One Health (OH) or EcoHealth (EH) have been acknowledged to provide comprehensive and holistic approaches to study complex problems, like zoonoses and emerging infectious diseases, there remains multiple challenges in implementing them in a problem-solving paradigm. One of the most commonly encountered barriers, especially in low- and middle-income countries, is limited capacity to undertake OH/EH inquiries. A rapid review was undertaken to conduct a situation analysis of the existing OH/EH capacity building programs, with a focused analysis of those programs with extensive OH engagement, to help map the current efforts in this area. METHODS A listing of the OH/EH projects/initiatives implemented in South Asia (SA) and South East Asia (SEA) was done, followed by analysis of documents related to the projects, available from peer-reviewed or grey literature sources. Quantitative data was extracted using a data extraction format, and a free listing of qualitative themes was undertaken. RESULTS In SEA, 13 unique OH/EH projects, with 37 capacity building programs, were identified. In contrast, in SA, the numbers were 8 and 11 respectively. In SA, programs were oriented to develop careers in program management, whereas, in SEA, the emphasis was on research. Two thirds of the programs in SEA had extensive OH engagement, whereas only one third of those in SA did. The target for the SEA programs was wider, including a population more representative of OH stakes. SEA program themes reveal utilization of multiple approaches, usually in shorter terms, and are growing towards integration with the traditional curricula. Such convergence of themes was lacking in SA programs. In both regions, the programs were driven by external donor agencies, with minimal local buy-in. CONCLUSIONS There is limited investment in research capacity building in both SA and SEA. The situation appears to be more stark in SA, whilst SEA has been able to use the systematic investment and support to develop the OH/EH agenda and strategize capacity building in the core competencies. In order to effectively address the disease emergence hotspots in these regions, there needs to be strategic funding decisions targeting capacity building in the core OH/EH competencies especially related to transdisciplinarity, systems thinking, and adaptive management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pranab Chatterjee
- Public Health Foundation of India, Plot 47, Sector 44, Institutional Area, Gurgaon, 122 002 India
| | - Abhimanyu Singh Chauhan
- Public Health Foundation of India, Plot 47, Sector 44, Institutional Area, Gurgaon, 122 002 India
| | - Jessy Joseph
- Public Health Foundation of India, Plot 47, Sector 44, Institutional Area, Gurgaon, 122 002 India
| | - Manish Kakkar
- Public Health Foundation of India, Plot 47, Sector 44, Institutional Area, Gurgaon, 122 002 India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
McDowell A, Beard R, Brightmore A, Lu LW, McKay A, Mistry M, Owen K, Swan E, Young J. Veterinary Pharmaceutics: An Opportunity for Interprofessional Education in New Zealand? Pharmaceutics 2017; 9:pharmaceutics9030025. [PMID: 28933730 PMCID: PMC5620566 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics9030025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally pharmacists are becoming increasingly involved in veterinary medicine; however, little is known about the level of interest for pharmacists playing a larger role in animal treatment in New Zealand. A key stakeholder in any progression of pharmacists becoming more involved in the practice of veterinary pharmacy is the veterinary profession. The aim of this study was to investigate views of veterinarians and veterinary students on the role of pharmacists supporting veterinarians with advice on animal medicines. Open interviews were conducted with veterinarians in Dunedin, New Zealand. Veterinary students at Massey University completed an online survey. Most veterinarians do not have regular communication with pharmacists regarding animal care, but believe it may be beneficial. In order to support veterinarians, pharmacists would need further education in veterinary medicine. Veterinary students believe there is opportunity for collaboration between professions provided that pharmacists have a better working knowledge of animal treatment. Most of the veterinary students surveyed perceive a gap in their knowledge concerning animal medicines, specifically pharmacology and compounding. While there is support for pharmacists contributing to veterinary medicine, particularly in the area of pharmaceutics, this is currently limited in New Zealand due to a lack of specialized education opportunities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arlene McDowell
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
| | - Rebekah Beard
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
| | - Anna Brightmore
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
| | - Lisa W Lu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
| | - Amelia McKay
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
| | - Maadhuri Mistry
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
| | - Kate Owen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
| | - Emma Swan
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
| | - Jessica Young
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Angelos JA, Arens AL, Johnson HA, Cadriel JL, Osburn BI. One Health in food safety and security education: Subject matter outline for a curricular framework. One Health 2017; 3:56-65. [PMID: 28616505 PMCID: PMC5454146 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Educating students in the range of subjects encompassing food safety and security as approached from a One Health perspective requires consideration of a variety of different disciplines and the interrelationships among disciplines. The Western Institute for Food Safety and Security developed a subject matter outline to accompany a previously published One Health in food safety and security curricular framework. The subject matter covered in this outline encompasses a variety of topics and disciplines related to food safety and security including effects of food production on the environment. This subject matter outline should help guide curriculum development and education in One Health in food safety and security and provides useful information for educators, researchers, students, and public policy-makers facing the inherent challenges of maintaining and/or developing safe and secure food supplies without destroying Earth's natural resources.
Collapse
|
21
|
Kaffes I, Moser F, Pham M, Oetjen A, Fehling M. Global health education in Germany: an analysis of current capacity, needs and barriers. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2016; 16:304. [PMID: 27884194 PMCID: PMC5123271 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-016-0814-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In times of increasing global challenges to health, it is crucial to create a workforce capable of tackling these complex issues. Even though a lack of GHE in Germany is perceived by multiple stakeholders, no systematic analysis of the current landscape exists. The aim of this study is to provide an analysis of the global health education (GHE) capacity in Germany as well as to identify gaps, barriers and future strategies. METHODS An online search in combination with information provided by student representatives, course coordinators and lecturers was used to create an overview of the current GHE landscape in Germany. Additionally, a semi-structured questionnaire was sent to GHE educators and students engaged in global health (GH) to assess the capacity of German GHE, its barriers and suggested strategies for the future. RESULTS A total of 33 GHE activities were identified at 18 German universities. Even though medical schools are the main provider of GHE (42%), out of 38 medical schools, only 13 (34%) offer any kind of GHE. Modules offered for students of other health-related professions constitute 27% of all activities. Most survey respondents (92%, n = 48) consider current GHE activities in Germany insufficient. Suggested formats were GHE as part of medical curricula (82%, n = 45) and dual degree MD/MPH or PhD programs. Most important barriers mentioned were low priority of GH at faculties and academic management levels (n = 41, 75%) as well as lack of necessary institutional structures (n = 33, 60%). CONCLUSIONS Despite some innovative academic approaches, there is clearly a need for more systematic GHE in Germany. GHE educators and students can take an important role advocating for more awareness at university management level and suggesting ways to institutionalize GHE to overcome barriers. This study provides key evidence, relevant perceptions and suggestions to strengthen GHE in Germany.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Kaffes
- Cand. med. at Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Global Health Education Initiative (GHEI), Berlin, Germany
| | - Fabian Moser
- Cand. med. at Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Global Health Education Initiative (GHEI), Berlin, Germany
| | - Miriam Pham
- Cand. med. at Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Global Health Education Initiative (GHEI), Berlin, Germany
| | - Aenne Oetjen
- Global Health Education Initiative (GHEI), Berlin, Germany
- PhD Cand. at Berlin Graduate School of Social Sciences (BGSS), Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Luisenstr. 56, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maya Fehling
- Global Health Education Initiative (GHEI), Berlin, Germany
- Médecins sans Frontières Germany, Am Köllnischen Park 1, 10179 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Angelos J, Arens A, Johnson H, Cadriel J, Osburn B. One Health in food safety and security education: A curricular framework. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 44:29-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
23
|
Asokan GV. One Health and Zoonoses: The Evolution of One Health and Incorporation of Zoonoses. Cent Asian J Glob Health 2015; 4:139. [PMID: 29138713 PMCID: PMC5661195 DOI: 10.5195/cajgh.2015.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Zoonotic disease outbreaks have surged in the last two decades. These include severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Hendra virus, Nipah virus, influenza viruses, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) coronavirus, and ebola. One Health is the initiative of an inclusive collaboration linking human, animal, and environmental health. One Health is advocated through an intersectoral coordination to combat zoonoses, and the term has evolved over centuries. The primary aim of this literature review was to examine the change in the definition of the term One Health over time, particuarly following the the introduction of the latest definition in 2007 by the American Medical Association and the American Veterinary Medical Association. METHODS This review was conducted in four phases. The first phase consisted of a general PubMed search for the phrase "One Health" for every literature published up to December 2014. Then an advanced search was carried out using "One Health" in conjunction with the terms "zoonosis" and "zoonoses" in PubMed for the time period between January 2007 and December 2014. The articles found were then categorized based on the type of journals in which the articles were published. For the second phase, "One Health" was searched as a Medical subject heading (MeSH) term, which is the National Library of Medicine controlled vocabulary thesaurus used for indexing articles. In the third phase, One Health advocate organizations were found using Google search engine. During the final phase, One Health was searched in Google scholar, examined by Google trends, and analyzed by Google ngram. RESULTS Before 2007, One Health had many connotations to health in the medical literature with an incomplete adherence to the usage of One Health linking zoonoses. The Google trends analysis shows an overal steady increase of the search of One Health from 2007 to 2014, which is consistent with the findings of articles from Pubmed. DISCUSSION Our results indicate that the linkage between the terms One Health and zoonoses started in 2007, which correlates with the joint declaration made by the American Medical Association and the American Veterinary Medical Association in 2007. We suggest creating a MeSH term for One Health in the PubMed database to support more specific research on zoonoses, and exploring the possibility of a patent of the term One Health to support global health and evidence based public health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Govindaraj V Asokan
- Public Health Program, College of Health Sciences, University of Bahrain, Manama, Bahrain
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Uchtmann N, Herrmann JA, Hahn EC, Beasley VR. Barriers to, Efforts in, and Optimization of Integrated One Health Surveillance: A Review and Synthesis. ECOHEALTH 2015; 12:368-384. [PMID: 25894955 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-015-1022-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Insufficient data from existing surveillance systems underlie societal tolerance of acute and slow-onset health disasters that threaten, harm, and kill vast numbers of humans, animals, and plants. Here we describe barriers to integrated "One Health" surveillance, including those related to a lack of medical services, professional divisions, incompatible vocabularies, isolated data sets, and territorial borders. We draw from publications of experts who justify broader and more integrated surveillance, education, and stewardship focused on preventing and mitigating disease emergence and re-emergence. In addition, we highlight efforts from Illinois, the United States and the broader world, pointing to examples of relevant education; ways to acquire, compile, and analyze diagnostic and syndromic data; mapping of diseases of humans and animals; and rapid communication of findings and recommendations. For the future, we propose using needed outcomes for health and sustainability to set priorities for One Health programs of education, surveillance, and stewardship. Professionals and paraprofessionals should gather, interpret, and widely communicate the implications of data, not only on infectious diseases, but also on toxic agents, malnutrition, ecological damage, the grave impacts of warfare, societal drivers underlying these problems, and the effectiveness of specific countermeasures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Uchtmann
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
| | - John Arthur Herrmann
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1008 W. Hazelwood Dr., Urbana, IL, 61802, USA.
| | - Edwin C Hahn
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 S. Lincoln Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA.
| | - Val Richard Beasley
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, 115 Henning Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Liu Y, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Wang J. Gaps in studies of global health education: an empirical literature review. Glob Health Action 2015; 8:25709. [PMID: 25906768 PMCID: PMC4408318 DOI: 10.3402/gha.v8.25709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Global health has stimulated a lot of students and has attracted the interest of many faculties, thereby initiating the establishment of many academic programs on global health research and education. global health education reflects the increasing attention toward social accountability in medical education. OBJECTIVE This study aims to identify gaps in the studies on global health education. DESIGN A critical literature review of empirical studies was conducted using Boolean search techniques. RESULTS A total of 238 articles, including 16 reviews, were identified. There had been a boom in the numbers of studies on global health education since 2010. Four gaps were summarized. First, 94.6% of all studies on global health education were conducted in North American and European countries, of which 65.6% were carried out in the United States, followed by Canada (14.3%) and the United Kingdom (9.2%). Only seven studies (2.9%) were conducted in Asian countries, five (2.1%) in Oceania, and two (0.8%) in South American/Caribbean countries. A total of 154 studies (64.4%) were qualitative studies and 64 studies (26.8%) were quantitative studies. Second, elective courses and training or programs were the most frequently used approach for global health education. Third, there was a gap in the standardization of global health education. Finally, it was mainly targeted at medical students, residents, and doctors. It had not granted the demands for global health education of all students majoring in medicine-related studies. CONCLUSIONS Global health education would be a potentially influential tool for achieving health equity, reducing health disparities, and also for future professional careers. It is the time to build and expand education in global health, especially among developing countries. Global health education should be integrated into primary medical education. Interdisciplinary approaches and interprofessional collaboration were recommended. Collaboration and support from developed countries in global health education should be advocated to narrow the gap and to create further mutual benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada;
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Zhaolan Liu
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - JianLi Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Winer JN, Nakagawa K, Conrad PA, Brown L, Wilkes M. Evaluation of medical and veterinary students' attitudes toward a one health interprofessional curricular exercise. J Interprof Care 2014; 29:49-54. [PMID: 25051087 DOI: 10.3109/13561820.2014.940039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates whether medical and veterinary students' attitudes toward "One Health" and interprofessional education changed after participating in a joint small group learning exercise focused on risk factors associated with zoonotic disease. A survey was distributed to third-year medical students (n = 98) and second-year veterinary students (n = 140), each with a 95% response rate. Overall, 92% of veterinary students and 73% of medical students agreed or strongly agreed that "One Health" was relevant to their desired specialty. Students from both schools largely agreed that interprofessional education should be a goal of the curriculum for their school, and that interprofessional approaches strengthen their overall education. Students reported increased confidence in their communication skills and improved ability to contribute to One Health collaborative teams. This educational intervention, built around a patient case, focused on a variety of learning objectives including skills (such as communication), knowledge (of zoonotic toxoplasmosis) and attitudes (toward collaborative learning and practice). By sparking an interest in One Health during their early professional education, we sought to encourage a new generation of physicians and veterinarians to adopt a more collaborative spirit to their clinical practice, which will ultimately benefit human, animal and environmental health.
Collapse
|
27
|
Ecological Approaches to Studying Zoonoses. One Health 2014. [DOI: 10.1128/9781555818432.ch4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
28
|
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Concern over emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) and a better understanding of their causes has resulted in increasing recognition of the linkages among human, animal, and ecosystem health. It is now well recognized that human activities can promote the emergence of infectious diseases through the large-scale modification of natural environments and inadvertent vectoring (e.g., international trade and travel). These perturbations can alter the ecological and evolutionary relationships among humans, wildlife, and the pathogens that move between them, resulting in disease emergence. In recent years, the rise in zoonotic EIDs has not only increased our awareness of the need for cross-sectoral collaborations, but has also highlighted the disconnect between current ecological theory and biological reality. As the One Health movement continues to gain steam, further integration of ecological approaches into the One Health framework will be required. We discuss the importance of ecological methods and theory to the study of zoonotic diseases by (i) discussing key ecological concepts and approaches, (ii) reviewing methods of studying wildlife diseases and their potential applications for zoonoses, and (iii) identifying future directions in the One Health movement.
Collapse
|
29
|
Min B, Allen-Scott LK, Buntain B. Transdisciplinary research for complex One Health issues: a scoping review of key concepts. Prev Vet Med 2013; 112:222-9. [PMID: 24128755 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2013.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Revised: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In order to address the complexity inherent in researching One Health (OH) issues, we support the concept that researchers must transcend individual disciplinary and non-disciplinary boundaries, and move into the realm of transdisciplinary (TD) research approaches. For the purposes of this paper we use the term OH and the concept that OH research is conducted to solve complex health challenges at the animal-human--human-ecosystem interface. TD goes beyond interdisciplinary research to engages disciplines and communities through a unified conceptual framework. In this scoping review we investigated key concepts, definitions and themes in OH and TD based on the peer reviewed literature. We identified nine emerging themes in TD research: (1) education, (2) conflict amongst disciplines, (3) effective communication, (4) shared conceptual framework, (5) leadership, (6) perceived power differentials, (7) community-based methodologies, (8) support for TD research and (9) time and effort. This review provides a synthesized knowledge base that describes the nature, extent of evidence and challenges of engaging in TD initiatives. This knowledge base further provides a foundation for those interested in developing improved strategies for TD collaborative and cross-sectoral research in OH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Min
- Bachelor of Health Sciences Program, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Marcotty T, Thys E, Conrad P, Godfroid J, Craig P, Zinsstag J, Meheus F, Boukary AR, Badé MA, Sahibi H, Filali H, Hendrickx S, Pissang C, Van Herp M, van der Roost D, Thys S, Hendrickx D, Claes M, Demeulenaere T, van Mierlo J, Dehoux JP, Boelaert M. Intersectoral collaboration between the medical and veterinary professions in low-resource societies: The role of research and training institutions. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2013; 36:233-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2012.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2012] [Revised: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
31
|
VanWormer E, Fritz H, Shapiro K, Mazet JAK, Conrad PA. Molecules to modeling: Toxoplasma gondii oocysts at the human-animal-environment interface. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2013; 36:217-31. [PMID: 23218130 PMCID: PMC3779781 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2012.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Revised: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Environmental transmission of extremely resistant Toxoplasma gondii oocysts has resulted in infection of diverse species around the world, leading to severe disease and deaths in human and animal populations. This review explores T. gondii oocyst shedding, survival, and transmission, emphasizing the importance of linking laboratory and landscape from molecular characterization of oocysts to watershed-level models of oocyst loading and transport in terrestrial and aquatic systems. Building on discipline-specific studies, a One Health approach incorporating tools and perspectives from diverse fields and stakeholders has contributed to an advanced understanding of T. gondii and is addressing transmission at the rapidly changing human-animal-environment interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth VanWormer
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Jackson SF, Cole DC. Graduate global public health education: activities and outcomes in relation to student prior experience. Glob J Health Sci 2013; 5:54-63. [PMID: 23618475 PMCID: PMC4776821 DOI: 10.5539/gjhs.v5n3p54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Dalla Lana School of Public Health uses an “add-on” or concentration model of global health education. Records of masters’ graduate cohorts across five disciplinary fields from 2006 to 2009 were classified as to prior experience at application and completion of global health concentration requirements. Alumni from the first two cohorts (2006-08 and 2007-09) were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. Prior experience was not linked consistently with the number of elective courses, location of practica or completion of requirements. Successful completion of the global health requirements depended more on the student’s base disciplinary program. Interviewed alumni with medium prior experience reported greater satisfaction with the concentration. Alumni with lower prior experience wanted more courses and support with practica. The pros and cons of a concentration model of global public health graduate education are discussed.
Collapse
|
33
|
Mor SM, Robbins AH, Jarvin L, Kaufman GE, Lindenmayer JM. Curriculum asset mapping for One Health education. JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL EDUCATION 2013; 40:363-9. [PMID: 24072190 DOI: 10.3138/jvme.0313-0525r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The major premise of One Health is engagement of multiple disciplines to address shared problems spanning human, animal, and ecosystem health. The current model of academic specialization encourages development of isolated disciplines within the university setting, thereby creating barriers to resource sharing and academic collaboration. The aim of this project was to develop a systematic approach to mapping university assets that could be harnessed to advance One Health education. Asset in this context was defined as a course, program, or faculty expertise relevant to a particular One Health problem. The approach adopted comprised the following steps: (1) identify a current problem that would benefit from an integrated, interdisciplinary perspective (e.g., EIDs [emerging infectious diseases]); (2) identify individual disciplinary teaching areas pertinent to the problem (e.g., health communication, wildlife ecology); (3) identify competencies expected to be attained by graduates who will address the problem (e.g., respond to outbreaks); (4) survey faculty members on their teaching areas and curricular offerings that address these competencies; and (5) compile responses in a database that is searchable by teaching area and competency. We discuss our recent experiences mapping the assets at Tufts University that are relevant to the problem of EIDs with emphasis on zoonotic-disease surveillance, outbreak investigation, and outbreak response. Using 13 teaching areas and 16 competencies relevant to applied epidemiology, we identified and characterized previously untapped resources across the university. Asset mapping is thus a useful tool for identifying university resources and opportunities that can be leveraged to support interdisciplinary education for One Health.
Collapse
|
34
|
Cat-scratch disease in Northern Italy: atypical clinical manifestations in humans and prevalence of Bartonella infection in cats. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2012; 32:531-4. [PMID: 23132688 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-012-1769-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
35
|
Vink WD, McKenzie JS, Cogger N, Borman B, Muellner P. Building a Foundation for ‘One Health’: An Education Strategy for Enhancing and Sustaining National and Regional Capacity in Endemic and Emerging Zoonotic Disease Management. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-45791-7_241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
36
|
Chaddock M. Academic veterinary medicine and One Health education: it is more than clinical applications. JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL EDUCATION 2012; 39:241-246. [PMID: 22940444 DOI: 10.3138/jvme.0612-062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Chaddock
- Association of American Veterinary Colleges, Washington, DC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Rinaldi L, Genchi C, Musella V, Genchi M, Cringoli G. Geographical information systems as a tool in the control of heartworm infections in dogs and cats. Vet Parasitol 2011; 176:286-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
38
|
Brown G, Dennis MM, Slapeta J, Thompson AR. Prevalence of Cysticercus bovis (beef measles) in Australian cattle. Aust Vet J 2010; 88:463-4. [PMID: 21091456 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2010.00659.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|