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da Silva Ferreira Filho CE, Oliveira CMC, da Silva AOA, da Silva E Silva Silveira N, Barbosa CC, Tondo LAS, Famadas KM, de Farias Brito Queiroz M, da Silva Lima DH, da Costa PSC, Neto JDB. Prevalence and clinico-pathology of PSOROPTIC mange in buffaloes of the Amazon region. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2024; 52:101055. [PMID: 38880569 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2024.101055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Scabies is an important skin disease in several species of domestic and wild animals; however, few reports in Brazil have emphasized its occurrence in buffaloes. This article describes the epidemiological, clinical and pathological aspects and diagnosis of psoroptic mange in buffaloes in a property in the municipality of Castanhal, PA, Amazon region. Of the 41 buffaloes examined, 38 males and females of the Murrah, Baio, Mediterranean and Carabao breeds and their crossbreeds, aged between 2 and 20 years, had a history of pruritus. Clinical examination was performed to map the lesions, skin scrapings were collected to identify the mites, and a biopsy was performed for histopathological examination. Clinical signs, from mild to severe intensity, varied according to the system of creation and handling of the animals and were more severe in buffaloes raised in bays than those raised under a collective regime (pastures and collective troughs). The characteristic clinical signs were intense itching, extensive areas of alopecia, periocular edema, and thickening of the epidermis with exudative crusts covering the face, chamfer, neck, scapular region, back, base of the horn, thoracic and pelvic limbs and chest. The behavior of rubbing the affected regions of the body against structures (troughs, fence posts, gates) or with the horns was frequently observed and provided relief from itching. In the most severe cases, mites were also noted in the crusts, which were identified as Psoroptes natalensis. Histological skin lesions exhibited alterations consistent with immune-mediated dermatitis, which is typical of hypersensitivity to mite-derived allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Camila Cordeiro Barbosa
- Instituto de Medicina Veterinárias (IMV), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Castanhal 68740-970, PA, Brazil
| | - Luis Antônio Scalabrin Tondo
- Setor de Anatomia Patológica (SAP), Instituto de Veterinária (IV), Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica 23890-000, RJ, Brazil
| | - Katia Maria Famadas
- Departamento de Parasitologia Animal (DptPA), Instituto de Veterinária (IV), Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica 23890-000, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marilene de Farias Brito Queiroz
- Setor de Anatomia Patológica (SAP), Instituto de Veterinária (IV), Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica 23890-000, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - José Diomedes Barbosa Neto
- Instituto de Medicina Veterinárias (IMV), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Castanhal 68740-970, PA, Brazil.
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Emre Yanar K, Kucukler S, Eren E, Sertaç Eroglu M, Ilgun M, Gur C, Kandemir FM, Aktas MS. Oxidative stress parameters in dogs naturally infected with sarcoptic mange. REV COLOMB CIENC PEC 2023. [DOI: 10.17533/udea.rccp.v36n4a2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
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Seroprevalence of Sarcoptes scabiei in Free-Ranging Black Bears (Ursus americanus) in Eastern North Carolina, USA. J Wildl Dis 2021; 57:628-631. [PMID: 33787886 DOI: 10.7589/jwd-d-20-00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent sarcoptic mange epizootics have affected free-ranging black bears (Ursus americanus) in the northeastern US, but not in North Carolina. To determine whether black bears in eastern North Carolina have exposure to Sarcoptes scabiei, serum samples from hunter-harvested black bears (n=45) were collected and evaluated for antibodies using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay previously validated in black bears. No dermal lesions consistent with sarcoptic mange were identified in the sampled bears. The seroprevalence among these asymptomatic bears was 18%, with no significant difference between sexes or association with age. This suggests that exposure to Sarcoptes scabiei occurs within the population, and highlights the importance of serosurveys in regions without a history of clinical mange.
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Host-Parasite Interaction in Sarcoptes scabiei Infestation in Porcine Model with a Preliminary Note on Its Genetic Lineage from India. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10122312. [PMID: 33297315 PMCID: PMC7762329 DOI: 10.3390/ani10122312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Scabies or mange caused by Sarcoptess cabiei is the latest addition of WHO’s list oftropical neglected diseases. It causes severe itching to the host. It has a wide host range including humans, farm animals, companion animals, and wild animals. It is anemerging/re-emerging disease with high prevalence in underdeveloped and developing countries. The disease has zoonotic importance and is of significant public health concern as cross-transmission or species jumping is very common. To date, fifteen Sarcoptes varieties have been reported as per host origin. Differential diagnosis at variety level is very crucial for epidemiological study and scratching future eradication program of the disease. As morphotaxonomy fails to differentiate varieties, use of molecular markers is crucial. Moreover, it is very important to understand the host-parasite interaction at the systemic level for a better understanding on the pathogenicity of the disease. Here, we report the genetic characterization of S. scabiei from India and host-parasite interaction in a porcine model. Abstract The burrowing mite Sarcoptes scabiei causes scabies in humans or mange in animals. It infests a wide range of mammalian species including livestock, companion animals, wild animals, and humans. Differential diagnosis of Sarcoptes varieties is key for epidemiological studies and for formulation of an eradication program. Host-parasite interaction at the systemic level is very important to understand the pathogenicity of the mite. This communication deals with the preliminary report on the genetic characterization of S. scabiei from India. Moreover, the effect of S. scabiei infestation on host physiology with special emphasis on serum biochemical parameters, lipid profile, oxidant/antioxidant balance, stress parameters, and immune responses were evaluated in a porcine model. Cytochrome C oxidase 1 and voltage-sensitive sodium channel based phylogenetic study could distinguish human and animals isolates but could not distinguish host or geographical specific isolates belonging to animal origin. An absence of host-specific cluster among animal isolates argues against the hypothesis of delineating S. scabiei as per host origin. Elevated levels of markers of liver function such as albumin, AST, ALT, ALP, and LDH in infested animals indicated impaired liver function in infested animals. S. scabiei infestation induced atherogenic dyslipidemia indicated by elevated levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides, and a decreased level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Oxidative stress in infested animals was indicated by a high level of nitric oxide and serum MDA as oxidative stress markers and low antioxidant capacity. S. scabiei triggered stress response and elevated levels of serum cortisol and heat shock proteins were recorded in infested animals. S. scabiei infestation increased the serum concentration of immunoglobulins and was associated with up-regulation of IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-1β, and IL-4 indicating both Th1 and Th2 response. The results of the study will be helpful for a better understanding of host-parasite interaction at the systemic level in crusted scabies in pigs.
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Rowe ML, Whiteley PL, Carver S. The treatment of sarcoptic mange in wildlife: a systematic review. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:99. [PMID: 30867019 PMCID: PMC6416846 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3340-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcoptic mange, caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite, is an infectious disease of wildlife, domestic animals and humans with international importance. Whilst a variety of treatment and control methods have been investigated in wildlife, the literature is fragmented and lacking consensus. The primary objectives of this review were to synthesise the diverse literature published on the treatment of sarcoptic mange in wildlife from around the world, and to identify the qualities of successful treatment strategies in both captive and free-roaming wildlife. METHODS A systematic search of the electronic databases CAB Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE and Discovery was undertaken. Data pertaining to study design, country, year, species, study size, mange severity, treatment protocol and outcomes were extracted from eligible studies and placed in a table. Following data extraction, a decision tree was used to identify studies suitable for further analysis based on the effectiveness of their treatment protocol, whether they were conducted on captive or non-captive wildlife, and the quality of their post-treatment monitoring period. RESULTS Twenty-eight studies met our initial inclusion criteria for data collection. Of these studies, 15 were selected for further analysis following application of the decision tree. This comprised of 9 studies on captive wildlife, 5 studies on free-living wildlife and 1 study involving both captive and free-living wildlife. Ivermectin delivered multiple times via subcutaneous injection at a dose between 200-400 µg/kg was found to be the most common and successfully used treatment, although long-term data on post-release survival and re-infection rates was elusive. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this review is the first to demonstrate that multiple therapeutic protocols exist for the treatment of sarcoptic mange in wildlife. However, several contemporary treatment options are yet to be formally reported in wildlife, such as the use of isoxazoline chemicals as a one-off treatment. There is also a strong indication for more randomised controlled trials, as well as improved methods of post-treatment monitoring. Advancing this field of knowledge is expected to aid veterinarians, wildlife workers and policy makers with the design and implementation of effective treatment and management strategies for the conservation of wildlife affected by sarcoptic mange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine L. Rowe
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Science, The University of Melbourne, Werribee Campus, Werribee, VIC 3030 Australia
| | - Pam L. Whiteley
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Science, The University of Melbourne, Werribee Campus, Werribee, VIC 3030 Australia
| | - Scott Carver
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Hobart, Australia
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Martin AM, Fraser TA, Lesku JA, Simpson K, Roberts GL, Garvey J, Polkinghorne A, Burridge CP, Carver S. The cascading pathogenic consequences of Sarcoptes scabiei infection that manifest in host disease. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:180018. [PMID: 29765692 PMCID: PMC5936957 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.180018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sarcoptic mange, caused by the parasitic mite Sarcoptes scabiei, causes a substantive burden of disease to humans, domestic animals and wildlife, globally. There are many effects of S. scabiei infection, culminating in the disease which hosts suffer. However, major knowledge gaps remain on the pathogenic impacts of this infection. Here, we focus on the bare-nosed wombat host (Vombatus ursinus) to investigate the effects of mange on: (i) host heat loss and thermoregulation, (ii) field metabolic rates, (iii) foraging and resting behaviour across full circadian cycles, and (iv) fatty acid composition in host adipose, bone marrow, brain and muscle tissues. Our findings indicate that mange-infected V. ursinus lose more heat to the environment from alopecia-affected body regions than healthy individuals. Additionally, mange-infected individuals have higher metabolic rates in the wild. However, these metabolic demands are difficult to meet, because infected individuals spend less time foraging and more time inactive relative to their healthy counterparts, despite being outside of the burrow for longer. Lastly, mange infection results in altered fatty acid composition in adipose tissue, with increased amounts of omega-6 acids, and decreased amounts of omega-3 acids, a consequence of chronic cutaneous inflammation and inhibition of anti-inflammatory responses. These findings highlight the interactions of mange-induced physiological and behavioural changes, and have implications for the treatment and rehabilitation of infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alynn M. Martin
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Tasmania 7005Australia
| | - Tamieka A. Fraser
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Tasmania 7005Australia
- Animal Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland 4556Australia
| | - John A. Lesku
- School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086Australia
| | - Kellie Simpson
- Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment, Hobart, Tasmania 7000Australia
| | - Georgia L. Roberts
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086Australia
- School of Science and Engineering, Federation University, Mount Helen, Victoria 3350Australia
| | - Jillian Garvey
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086Australia
| | - Adam Polkinghorne
- Animal Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland 4556Australia
| | | | - Scott Carver
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Tasmania 7005Australia
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Aktas MS, Kandemir FM, Kirbas A, Hanedan B, Aydin MA. Evaluation of Oxidative Stress in Sheep Infected with Psoroptes Ovis using Total Antioxidant Capacity, Total Oxidant Status, and Malondialdehyde Level. J Vet Res 2017; 61:197-201. [PMID: 29978073 PMCID: PMC5894390 DOI: 10.1515/jvetres-2017-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The study aimed at evaluating oxidative stress using malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) markers in sheep naturally infected with Psoroptes ovis(Acari). Material and Methods The study was performed on 40 sheep divided into two equal groups: a healthy group (group I) and a group naturally infected with Psoroptes ovis (group II). The sera were obtained by centrifuging blood samples collected from the vena jugularis and serum MDA level changes in the samples were measured spectrophotometrically. Commercially available test kits were used for the measurement of TAC and TOS levels. The percentage ratio of TOS level to TAC level was accepted as OSI. Results The serum malondialdehyde, total oxidant status levels, and oxidative stress index increased significantly (P < 0.01) in group II, while the serum total antioxidant capacity levels decreased significantly (P < 0.01) in this group. Negative correlations between total antioxidant capacity and total oxidant status and total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde, and a positive correlation between total oxidant status and malondialdehyde were found in infected sheep. Conclusion The obtained results indicated the relationship between oxidant/antioxidant imbalance and Psoroptes ovis infection in sheep. Their MDA, TAC, TOS, and OSI markers may be used to determine the oxidative stress in natural infections with Psoroptes ovis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatih Mehmet Kandemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Akin Kirbas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Basak Hanedan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Akif Aydin
- Food and Livestock Applied Research Center, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
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Ajith Y, Dimri U, Gopalakrishnan A, Madhesh E, Jhambh R, Joshi V, Devi G. Th1/Th2 immune responses and oxidative stress in caprine flea allergy dermatitis. Parasite Immunol 2017; 39. [PMID: 29094355 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Flea allergy dermatitis (FAD) is the common, often neglected skin disease of goats caused mainly by Ctenocephalides felis. This study aimed to evaluate the immuno-oxidative pathobiology of FAD in goats. Twelve goats from the same herd were divided into two groups of six animals each. The group I (FAD) included animals with natural flea infestation and severe dermatitis lesions. The group II (Healthy control) animals were free from any parasitic infestation. To assess the pathological changes, the markers of oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione and total antioxidant capacity), and immune status (Tumour necrosis factor alpha, Interleukin 10, Transforming growth factor beta 1 and Th1/Th2 cytokine ratio) were evaluated from the blood and the serum samples. Remarkable oxidative stress and severe inflammatory response with Th2 cytokine dominance were observed in flea infested animals. Highly antigenic agents of fleas, either secretory or excretory or structural, induced severe inflammatory responses and significant oxidative stress in caprine FAD. Massive release of cytokines may be responsible for severe skin inflammation and lesions in FAD in contrast to other Th2 dominant ectoparasitic skin conditions of goats'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ajith
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India
| | - U Dimri
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India
| | - A Gopalakrishnan
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India
| | - E Madhesh
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India
| | - R Jhambh
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India
| | - V Joshi
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India
| | - G Devi
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India
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Espinosa J, Pérez JM, López-Olvera JR, Ráez-Bravo A, Cano-Manuel FJ, Fandos P, Soriguer RC, Granados JE, Romero D. Evaluation of oxidant/antioxidant balance in Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) experimentally infested with Sarcoptes scabiei. Vet Parasitol 2017; 242:63-70. [PMID: 28606327 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is an imbalance between radical-generating and radical scavenging activity, resulting in oxidation products and tissue damage. Although some studies have been done in other species, there is a lack of information about the oxidative/antioxidant status in the Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) affected by sarcoptic mange. To clarify this fact, albumin, catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), glutathione reductase (GR), reduced glutathione (GSH): oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratio, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and total oxidant status (TOS) concentrations were measured in peripheral blood of ibexes experimentally infested with Sarcoptes scabiei (n=25), as well as in the healthy control group (n=14). During the course of the experiment, the infected ibexes were visually assigned to four categories according to the percentage of skin surface affected by mites. In the infested ibexes, the levels of albumin, PON-1, CAT, SOD, GSH-Px and GSH:GSSG ratio showed a significant (p<0.01) decrease with disease progression. With respect to the control group, this decrease was significantly (p<0.001) lower in the more severe clinical stages. No significant changes were observed in GR activity during disease or with respect to the control group. Conversely, the concentrations of TOS and TBARS increased with lesion severity, and with respect to the control group, this increase was significant (p<0.01) in the more advanced stages of the infection. Additionally, to explore the possible effects of sex, age, haplotype, mange status, and days post infection (dpi) on each of the OS biomarkers, generalized additive mixed models were applied. According to our results, the mange status and dpi explained the highest percentages in the observed changes in the biomarkers analyzed, whereas the haplotype only influenced the observed variability of albumin and TOS. The contribution of sex and age was not significant in any of the OS biomarkers. From the present study, it may be concluded that sarcoptic mange infestation increases OS and decreases antioxidant status in ibex. This imbalance may contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Espinosa
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Jesús M Pérez
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Jorge R López-Olvera
- Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arián Ráez-Bravo
- Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco J Cano-Manuel
- Espacio Natural Sierra Nevada, Carretera Antigua de Sierra Nevada, Km 7, E-18071 Pinos Genil, Granada, Spain
| | - Paulino Fandos
- Agencia de Medio Ambiente y Agua, Isla de la Cartuja, E-41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ramón C Soriguer
- Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC), Av. Américo Vespucio, s.n., E-41092 Sevilla, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - José Enrique Granados
- Espacio Natural Sierra Nevada, Carretera Antigua de Sierra Nevada, Km 7, E-18071 Pinos Genil, Granada, Spain
| | - Diego Romero
- Área de Toxicología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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Clinico-pathological and therapeutic evaluation of Black Bengal goats (Capra hircus) infested with Psoroptes cuniculi mange. J Parasit Dis 2016; 40:41-5. [PMID: 27065595 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-014-0440-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the clinico-pathological changes and therapeutic evaluation of gamma-benzene hexachloride and cetrimide along with vit A, D3, E and H in Black Bengal goat infested Psoroptes cuniculi mange. The study was conducted on 14 Black Bengal goats; 6 clinically infested with Psoroptes mange (group I) and 8 healthy goats (group II). Haemato-biochemical profile viz., haemoglobulin concentration, packed cell volume, total leukocyte count, albumin and albumin globulin ratio revealed significantly (P < 0.05) decreased level; whereas, globulin, alanine aminotransaminase, aspartate aminotransaminase, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen level were significantly (P < 0.05) increased in goats of group I animals as compared to healthy control (group II) on day 0. Gamma-benzene hexachloride and cetrimide along with adjunct therapy (group I) showed parasitological recovery on day 21 while complete elimination of clinical signs observed on day 28 of post-therapy in all clinical cases.
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Assay of alterations in oxidative stress markers in pigs naturally infested with Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis. Vet Parasitol 2014; 205:295-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Shang X, Wang D, Miao X, Wang X, Li J, Yang Z, Pan H. The oxidative status and inflammatory level of the peripheral blood of rabbits infested with Psoroptes cuniculi. Parasit Vectors 2014; 7:124. [PMID: 24667000 PMCID: PMC3972963 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Psoroptes cuniculi can parasitise the ear canal of the rabbit, and cause the afflicted animals to cease feeding and become severely debilitated, sometimes resulting in death. In this study, we examined the oxidative status and inflammatory level of the peripheral blood of rabbits infested with Psoroptes cuniculi and investigated the pathogenesis of this disease. Methods A total of 24 rabbits were divided into a healthy rabbit group and two infested rabbit groups. After weighing the rabbits, approximately 5 ml of blood was obtained from each animal. Then, the blood serum was extracted and used to assess the levels of antioxidant enzymes and inflammatory factors. Results Compared to the healthy rabbits, the activities of catalase and glutathione-S-transferase and the level of malonyldialdehyde were increased, but the activity of superoxide dismutase was reduced in the infested rabbits. At the same time, a variety of inflammatory cells were activated, and the levels of inflammatory factors such as prostaglandin E2, interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and transforming growth factor-β1 were increased in peripheral blood. Conclusion Animal acariasis was associated with immunosuppressive disorders and inflammatory reaction. These results advance our understanding of the pathogenesis of Psoroptes cuniculi infestation in rabbits and can help guide the effectual treatment of this disease in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Shang
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China.
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Abd Ellah MR. Involvement of free radicals in parasitic infestations. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2012.739093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Zama M, Ansari M, Dimri U, Hoque M, Maiti S, Kinjavdekar P. Effect of therapeutic ultrasound and diathermy on oxidant–antioxidant balance in dogs suffering from hind quarter weakness. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2012.738217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Dimri U, Singh SK, Sharma MC, Behera SK, Kumar D, Tiwari P. Oxidant/antioxidant balance, minerals status and apoptosis in peripheral blood of dogs naturally infected with Dirofilaria immitis. Res Vet Sci 2011; 93:296-9. [PMID: 21645912 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Revised: 04/25/2011] [Accepted: 04/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to examine lipid peroxides, antioxidants, zinc, copper, iron panels and apoptosis in peripheral blood of dogs with clinical dirofilariosis. In comparison to healthy control, erythrocytic lipid peroxides level and superoxide dismutase activity were significantly (P<0.01) higher in diseased dogs. However, level of reduced glutathione and activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase and catalase were significantly (P<0.01) lower in diseased dogs. Blood zinc, copper and iron levels in dogs with dirofilariosis were significantly (P<0.01) lower than the healthy control. The percent apoptotic peripheral leukocytes were significantly higher in dogs with dirofilariosis in comparison with healthy control. From the present study, it is concluded that significant alterations in oxidant/antioxidant balance, mineral status and rate of apoptosis in peripheral blood may be implicated in the pathogenesis of clinical canine dirofilariosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Dimri
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243 122, Bareilly, UP, India.
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Psoroptes cuniculi induced oxidative imbalance in rabbits and its alleviation by using vitamins A, D3, E, and H as adjunctive remedial. Trop Anim Health Prod 2011; 44:43-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-011-9884-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Behera SK, Dimri U, Singh SK, Mohanta RK. The curative and antioxidative efficiency of ivermectin and ivermectin + vitamin E-selenium treatment on canine Sarcoptes scabiei infestation. Vet Res Commun 2011; 35:237-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s11259-011-9468-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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18
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Singh SK, Dimri U, Sharma MC, Swarup D, Sharma B. Determination of oxidative status and apoptosis in peripheral blood of dogs with sarcoptic mange. Vet Parasitol 2011; 178:330-8. [PMID: 21324594 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2010] [Revised: 01/06/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the erythrocytic oxidant/antioxidant balance and apoptosis of peripheral blood leukocytes of dogs with natural Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis mite infestation. A total of twenty four clinically Sarcoptes-infested dogs were examined and used to execute the study. While another twenty four healthy dogs free of any ecto-parasite were used as controls. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from each infested only once on the day of dermatological examinations. Determination of oxidant/antioxidant balance was conceded by estimating the levels of lipid peroxides and antioxidants in erythrocytes. While, apoptosis of peripheral blood leukocytes was determined by estimating externalization of phosphatidylserine (PS) at the cell surface as well as by detection of depolarization mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) by flow cytometry. Sarcoptes-infested dogs had revealed significantly higher (P≤0.001) contents of erythrocytic lipid peroxides in comparison with the healthy controls. Whereas the level of reduced glutathione was found to be significantly lower (P≤0.001) in Sarcoptes-infested dogs as compared to the healthy dogs. The activity of glutathione peroxidase was found to be significantly lower (P≤0.001) in Sarcoptes-infested dogs as compared to the healthy dogs. The activity of glutathione-S-transferase was also found to be significantly lower (P≤0.001) in Sarcoptes-infested dogs as compared to the healthy dogs. The dogs with sarcoptic mange had revealed significantly lower (P≤0.001) activity of superoxide dismutase in coparision with the healthy dogs. The dogs with sarcoptic mange had also revealed significantly lower (P≤0.001) activity of catalase in coparision with the healthy dogs. The percentage of apoptotic leukocytes was found to be significantly higher (P≤0.001) in Sarcoptes-infested dogs as compared to the healthy controls. Sarcoptes-infested dogs had also exhibited significantly (P≤0.001) higher percentage of leukocytes with depolarized mitochondrial membrane potential in comparison with the healthy controls. It is concluded that significant alteration in oxidant/antioxidant balance and increased rate of apoptosis in peripheral leukocytes may be implicated in the pathogenesis of clinical Sarcoptes mite infestation in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Singh
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243 122, Bareilly, U.P., India.
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19
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Circulating oxidative stress status in dromedary camels infested with sarcoptic mange. Vet Res Commun 2010; 35:35-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s11259-010-9450-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Sarasa M, Serrano E, Soriguer RC, Granados JE, Fandos P, Gonzalez G, Joachim J, Pérez JM. Negative effect of the arthropod parasite, Sarcoptes scabiei, on testes mass in Iberian ibex, Capra pyrenaica. Vet Parasitol 2010; 175:306-12. [PMID: 21074328 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2010] [Revised: 10/11/2010] [Accepted: 10/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Testes mass is a key factor in male reproductive success and is potentially exposed to so-called 'parasitic castration'. This is the result of the direct destruction or alteration of reproductive cell lineages (parasitic castration sensu stricto), or the indirect detrimental effects - for example, via body condition - on the ability of progenitors to produce or rear offspring (parasitic castration sensu lato). There are enormous gaps in our knowledge on the effects of parasites on the testes of wild mammals and in an attempt to rectify this dearth of data we examined the relationship between the skin parasite Sarcoptes scabiei and testes mass in Iberian ibex Capra pyrenaica. We considered data from 222 males that were culled in the population from the Sierra Nevada in Spain. Our results provide evidence that sarcoptic mange is associated with reduced size-corrected testes mass in Iberian ibex which supports the hypothesis that parasitism is a determining factor in gonad plasticity in male mammals. We discuss several hypothetical causes of this relationship and highlight the need to deepen the sub-lethal effects of pathogens if we are to accurately understand their modulator effects on host population dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Sarasa
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, E-23071 Jaén, Spain.
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Dimri U, Sharma M, Yamdagni A, Ranjan R, Zama M. Psoroptic mange infestation increases oxidative stress and decreases antioxidant status in sheep. Vet Parasitol 2010; 168:318-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2009] [Revised: 11/19/2009] [Accepted: 11/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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Evaluation of blood oxidant/antioxidant balance in dogs with sarcoptic mange. Vet Parasitol 2009; 161:106-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2008] [Revised: 12/15/2008] [Accepted: 12/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Dimri U, Ranjan R, Kumar N, Sharma M, Swarup D, Sharma B, Kataria M. Changes in oxidative stress indices, zinc and copper concentrations in blood in canine demodicosis. Vet Parasitol 2008; 154:98-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2007] [Revised: 02/23/2008] [Accepted: 03/04/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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