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Xu X, Wang X, Sun T, Liu S, Dong M, Yue Y, Min Y, Jousset A, Xiao X, Liu S, Geisen S, Krashevska V, Shen Q, Scheu S, Li R. Interactions Between Bacterivorous Nematodes and Bacteria Reduce N 2O Emissions. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2025; 12:e2413227. [PMID: 39887670 PMCID: PMC11948072 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202413227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2024] [Revised: 01/06/2025] [Indexed: 02/01/2025]
Abstract
Trophic interactions in micro-food webs, such as those between nematodes and their bacterial prey, affect nitrogen cycling in soils, potentially changing nitrous oxide (N2O) production and consumption. However, how nematode-mediated changes in soil bacterial community composition affect soil N2O emissions is largely unknown. Here, microcosm experiments are performed with the bacterial feeding nematode Protorhabditis to explore the potential of nematodes in regulating microbial communities and thereby soil N2O emissions. Removal of nematodes by defaunation resulted in increased N2O emissions, with the removal of Protorhabditis contributing most to this increase. Further, inoculation with Protorhabditis altered bacterial community composition and increased the relative abundance of Bacillus, and the abundance of the nosZ gene in soil. In vitro experiments indicated that Protorhabditis reinforce the reduction in N2O emissions by Bacillus due to suppressing competitors and producing bacteria growth stimulating substances such as betaine. The results indicate that interactions between nematodes and bacteria modify N2O emissions providing the perspective for the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions via manipulating trophic interactions in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Xu
- The Sanya Institute of the Nanjing Agricultural UniversityEducational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource‐Saving FertilizersJiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste UtilizationJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic WastesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu210095China
- JF Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and AnthropologyUniversity of Göttingen37073GöttingenGermany
| | - Xinling Wang
- The Sanya Institute of the Nanjing Agricultural UniversityEducational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource‐Saving FertilizersJiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste UtilizationJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic WastesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu210095China
| | - Ting Sun
- The Sanya Institute of the Nanjing Agricultural UniversityEducational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource‐Saving FertilizersJiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste UtilizationJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic WastesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu210095China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- The Sanya Institute of the Nanjing Agricultural UniversityEducational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource‐Saving FertilizersJiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste UtilizationJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic WastesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu210095China
- Ecology and Biodiversity GroupInstitute of Environmental BiologyDepartment of BiologyUtrecht UniversityPadualaan 8Utrecht3584 CHThe Netherlands
| | - Menghui Dong
- Department of AgroecologyFaculty of Technical SciencesAarhus UniversityForsøgsvej 1Slagelse4200Denmark
| | - Yang Yue
- The Sanya Institute of the Nanjing Agricultural UniversityEducational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource‐Saving FertilizersJiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste UtilizationJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic WastesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu210095China
| | - Yi Min
- The Sanya Institute of the Nanjing Agricultural UniversityEducational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource‐Saving FertilizersJiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste UtilizationJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic WastesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu210095China
| | - Alexandre Jousset
- The Sanya Institute of the Nanjing Agricultural UniversityEducational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource‐Saving FertilizersJiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste UtilizationJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic WastesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu210095China
| | - Xian Xiao
- School of Environmental and Safety EngineeringChangzhou UniversityChangzhou213164China
| | - Shuwei Liu
- The Sanya Institute of the Nanjing Agricultural UniversityEducational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource‐Saving FertilizersJiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste UtilizationJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic WastesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu210095China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs MitigationCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China
| | - Stefan Geisen
- Laboratory of NematologyWageningen UniversityWageningen6700 AAThe Netherlands
| | - Valentyna Krashevska
- JF Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and AnthropologyUniversity of Göttingen37073GöttingenGermany
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research CentreFunctional Environmental GenomicsSenckenberganlage 2560325FrankfurtGermany
| | - Qirong Shen
- The Sanya Institute of the Nanjing Agricultural UniversityEducational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource‐Saving FertilizersJiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste UtilizationJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic WastesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu210095China
| | - Stefan Scheu
- JF Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and AnthropologyUniversity of Göttingen37073GöttingenGermany
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use37073GöttingenGermany
| | - Rong Li
- The Sanya Institute of the Nanjing Agricultural UniversityEducational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource‐Saving FertilizersJiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste UtilizationJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic WastesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu210095China
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Forey O, Sauze J, Piel C, Gritti ES, Devidal S, Faez A, Ravel O, Nahmani J, Rouch L, Blouin M, Pérès G, Capowiez Y, Roy J, Milcu A. Earthworms do not increase greenhouse gas emissions (CO 2 and N 2O) in an ecotron experiment simulating a three-crop rotation system. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21920. [PMID: 38081907 PMCID: PMC10713613 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48765-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Earthworms are known to stimulate soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, but the majority of previous studies have used simplified model systems or lacked continuous high-frequency measurements. To address this, we conducted a 2-year study using large lysimeters (5 m2 area and 1.5 m soil depth) in an ecotron facility, continuously measuring ecosystem-level CO2, N2O, and H2O fluxes. We investigated the impact of endogeic and anecic earthworms on GHG emissions and ecosystem water use efficiency (WUE) in a simulated agricultural setting. Although we observed transient stimulations of carbon fluxes in the presence of earthworms, cumulative fluxes over the study indicated no significant increase in CO2 emissions. Endogeic earthworms reduced N2O emissions during the wheat culture (- 44.6%), but this effect was not sustained throughout the experiment. No consistent effects on ecosystem evapotranspiration or WUE were found. Our study suggests that earthworms do not significantly contribute to GHG emissions over a two-year period in experimental conditions that mimic an agricultural setting. These findings highlight the need for realistic experiments and continuous GHG measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oswaldo Forey
- Montpellier European Ecotron, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Campus Baillarguet, 34980, Montferrier-Sur-Lez, France
| | - Joana Sauze
- Montpellier European Ecotron, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Campus Baillarguet, 34980, Montferrier-Sur-Lez, France
| | - Clément Piel
- Montpellier European Ecotron, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Campus Baillarguet, 34980, Montferrier-Sur-Lez, France
| | - Emmanuel S Gritti
- Montpellier European Ecotron, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Campus Baillarguet, 34980, Montferrier-Sur-Lez, France
| | - Sébastien Devidal
- Montpellier European Ecotron, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Campus Baillarguet, 34980, Montferrier-Sur-Lez, France
| | - Abdelaziz Faez
- Montpellier European Ecotron, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Campus Baillarguet, 34980, Montferrier-Sur-Lez, France
| | - Olivier Ravel
- Montpellier European Ecotron, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Campus Baillarguet, 34980, Montferrier-Sur-Lez, France
| | - Johanne Nahmani
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Laly Rouch
- Agroécologie, Institut Agro, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Manuel Blouin
- Agroécologie, Institut Agro, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Guénola Pérès
- UMR SAS INRAE Institut Agro Rennes-Angers, 65 Rue de Saint Brieuc, 35042, Rennes Cedex 10, France
| | - Yvan Capowiez
- INRAE, UMR 1114 EMMAH, INRAE/Université d'Avignon, Site Agroparc, 84914, Avignon Cedex 09, France
| | - Jacques Roy
- Montpellier European Ecotron, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Campus Baillarguet, 34980, Montferrier-Sur-Lez, France
| | - Alexandru Milcu
- Montpellier European Ecotron, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Campus Baillarguet, 34980, Montferrier-Sur-Lez, France.
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, 34293, Montpellier, France.
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