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Huang C, He X, Shi R, Zi S, Xi C, Li X, Liu T. Mycorrhizal fungi reduce the photosystem damage caused by drought stress on Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0294394. [PMID: 38635811 PMCID: PMC11025924 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Drought stress (DS) is one of the important abiotic stresses facing cash crops today. Drought can reduce plant growth and development, inhibit photosynthesis, and thus reduce plant yield. In this experiment, we investigated the protective mechanism of AMF on plant photosynthetic system by inoculating Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis(P.py) with a clumping mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) under drought conditions. The drought environment was maintained by weighing AMF plants and non-AMF plants. The relative water content (RWC) of plant leaves was measured to determine its drought effect. DS decreased the RWC of plants, but AMF was able to increase the RWC of plants. chlorophyll a fluorescence curve measurements revealed that DS increased the OKJIP curve of plants, but AMF was able to reduce this trend, indicating that AMF increased the light absorption capacity of plants. DS also caused a decrease in plant Y(I) and Y(II). ETRI and ETRII, and increased Y(NO) and Y(NA) in plants, indicating that DS caused photosystem damage in plants. For the same host, different AMFs did not help to the same extent, but all AMFs were able to help plants reduce this damage and contribute to the increase of plant photosynthesis under normal water conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Huang
- Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Xiahong He
- Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Rui Shi
- Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Shuhui Zi
- Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Congfang Xi
- Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoxian Li
- Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
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Scholz SS, Barth E, Clément G, Marmagne A, Ludwig-Müller J, Sakakibara H, Kiba T, Vicente-Carbajosa J, Pollmann S, Krapp A, Oelmüller R. The Root-Colonizing Endophyte Piriformospora indica Supports Nitrogen-Starved Arabidopsis thaliana Seedlings with Nitrogen Metabolites. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15372. [PMID: 37895051 PMCID: PMC10607921 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The root-colonizing endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica promotes the root and shoot growth of its host plants. We show that the growth promotion of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves is abolished when the seedlings are grown on media with nitrogen (N) limitation. The fungus neither stimulated the total N content nor did it promote 15NO3- uptake from agar plates to the leaves of the host under N-sufficient or N-limiting conditions. However, when the roots were co-cultivated with 15N-labelled P. indica, more labels were detected in the leaves of N-starved host plants but not in plants supplied with sufficient N. Amino acid and primary metabolite profiles, as well as the expression analyses of N metabolite transporter genes suggest that the fungus alleviates the adaptation of its host from the N limitation condition. P. indica alters the expression of transporter genes, which participate in the relocation of NO3-, NH4+ and N metabolites from the roots to the leaves under N limitation. We propose that P. indica participates in the plant's metabolomic adaptation against N limitation by delivering reduced N metabolites to the host, thus alleviating metabolic N starvation responses and reprogramming the expression of N metabolism-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra S. Scholz
- Department of Plant Physiology, Matthias-Schleiden-Institute, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany;
| | - Emanuel Barth
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany;
| | - Gilles Clément
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France (A.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Anne Marmagne
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France (A.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Jutta Ludwig-Müller
- Institute of Botany, Technische Universität Dresden, 01217 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Hitoshi Sakakibara
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; (H.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Takatoshi Kiba
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; (H.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Jesús Vicente-Carbajosa
- Centro de Biotechnología y Genómica de Plantas, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Campus de Montegancedo, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (J.V.-C.); (S.P.)
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Stephan Pollmann
- Centro de Biotechnología y Genómica de Plantas, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Campus de Montegancedo, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (J.V.-C.); (S.P.)
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne Krapp
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France (A.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Ralf Oelmüller
- Department of Plant Physiology, Matthias-Schleiden-Institute, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany;
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Ahammed GJ, Shamsy R, Liu A, Chen S. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-induced tolerance to chromium stress in plants. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 327:121597. [PMID: 37031849 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is one of the toxic elements that harms all forms of life, including plants. Industrial discharges and mining largely contribute to Cr release into the soil environment. Excessive Cr pollution in arable land significantly reduces the yield and quality of important agricultural crops. Therefore, remediation of polluted soil is imperative not only for agricultural sustainability but also for food safety. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are widespread soil-borne endophytic fungi that form mutualistic relationships with the vast majority of land plants. In mycorrhizal symbiosis, AMF are largely dependent on the host plant-supplied carbohydrates and lipids, in return, AMF aid the host plants in acquiring water and mineral nutrients, especially phosphorus, nitrogen and sulfur from distant soils, and this distinguishing feature of the two-way exchange of resources is a functional requirement for such mutualism and ecosystem services. In addition to supplying nutrients and water to plants, the AMF symbiosis enhances plant resilience to biotic and abiotic stresses including Cr stress. Studies have revealed vital physiological and molecular mechanisms by which AMF alleviate Cr phytotoxicity and aid plants in nutrient acquisition under Cr stress. Notably, plant Cr tolerance is enhanced by both the direct effects of AMF on Cr stabilization and transformation, and the indirect effects of AMF symbiosis on plant nutrient uptake and physiological regulation. In this article, we summarized the research progress on AMF and associated mechanisms of Cr tolerance in plants. In addition, we reviewed the present understanding of AMF-assisted Cr remediation. Since AMF symbiosis can enhance plant resilience to Cr pollution, AMF may have promising prospects in agricultural production, bioremediation, and ecological restoration in Cr-polluted soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golam Jalal Ahammed
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, PR China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Stress Resistance Regulation and Safe Production of Protected Vegetables, Luoyang, 471023, PR China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for Horticultural Crop Safety and Disease Control, Luoyang, 471023, PR China
| | - Rubya Shamsy
- Microbiology Program, Department of Mathematics & Natural Sciences, Brac University, 66 Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Airong Liu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, PR China.
| | - Shuangchen Chen
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, PR China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Stress Resistance Regulation and Safe Production of Protected Vegetables, Luoyang, 471023, PR China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for Horticultural Crop Safety and Disease Control, Luoyang, 471023, PR China
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Fang L, Wang M, Chen X, Zhao J, Wang J, Liu J. Analysis of the AMT gene family in chili pepper and the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization on the expression patterns of CaAMT2 genes. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:158. [PMID: 36991328 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09226-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ammonium (NH4+) is a key nitrogen source supporting plant growth and development. Proteins in the ammonium transporter (AMT) family mediate the movement of NH4+ across the cell membrane. Although several studies have examined AMT genes in various plant species, few studies of the AMT gene family have been conducted in chili pepper. RESULTS Here, a total of eight AMT genes were identified in chili pepper, and their exon/intron structures, phylogenetic relationships, and expression patterns in response to arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonization were explored. Synteny analyses among chili pepper, tomato, eggplant, soybean, and Medicago revealed that the CaAMT2;1, CaAMT2.4, and CaAMT3;1 have undergone an expansion prior to the divergence of Solanaceae and Leguminosae. The expression of six AMT2 genes was either up-regulated or down-regulated in response to AM colonization. The expression of CaAMT2;1/2;2/2;3 and SlAMT2;1/2;2/2;3 was significantly up-regulated in AM fungi-inoculated roots. A 1,112-bp CaAMT2;1 promoter fragment and a 1,400-bp CaAMT2;2 promoter fragment drove the expression of the β-glucuronidase gene in the cortex of AM roots. Evaluation of AM colonization under different NH4+ concentrations revealed that a sufficient, but not excessive, supply of NH4+ promotes the growth of chili pepper and the colonization of AM. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CaAMT2;2 overexpression could mediate NH4+ uptake in tomato plants. CONCLUSION In sum, our results provide new insights into the evolutionary relationships and functional divergence of chili pepper AMT genes. We also identified putative AMT genes expressed in AM symbiotic roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Fang
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianrong Zhao
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Jianfei Wang
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Jianjian Liu
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China.
- MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
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Salmeron-Santiago IA, Martínez-Trujillo M, Valdez-Alarcón JJ, Pedraza-Santos ME, Santoyo G, López PA, Larsen J, Pozo MJ, Chávez-Bárcenas AT. Carbohydrate and lipid balances in the positive plant phenotypic response to arbuscular mycorrhiza: increase in sink strength. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13857. [PMID: 36648218 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The exchange of phosphorus (P) and carbon (C) between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is a major determinant of their mutualistic symbiosis. We explored the C dynamics in tomato (Solanum lycorpersicum) inoculated or not with Rhizophagus irregularis to study their growth response under different NaH2 PO4 concentrations (Null P, 0 mM; Low P, 0.065 mM; High P, 1.3 mM). The percentage of AMF colonization was similar in plants under Null and Low P, but severely reduced under High P. However, the AMF mass biomarker 16:1ω5 revealed higher fungal accumulation in inoculated roots under Low P, while more AMF spores were produced in the Null P. Under High P, AMF biomass and spores were strongly reduced. Plant growth response to mycorrhiza was negative under Null P, showing reduction in height, biovolume index, and source leaf (SL) area. Under Low P, inoculated plants showed a positive response (e.g., increased SL area), while inoculated plants under High P were similar to non-inoculated plants. AMF promoted the accumulation of soluble sugars in the SL under all fertilization levels, whereas the soluble sugar level decreased in roots under Low P in inoculated plants. Transcriptional upregulation of SlLIN6 and SlSUS1, genes related to carbohydrate metabolism, was observed in inoculated roots under Null P and Low P, respectively. We conclude that P-limiting conditions that increase AMF colonization stimulate plant growth due to an increase in the source and sink strength. Our results suggest that C partitioning and allocation to different catabolic pathways in the host are influenced by AMF performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juan J Valdez-Alarcón
- Centro Multidisciplinario de Estudios en Biotecnología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico
| | - Martha E Pedraza-Santos
- Facultad de Agrobiología "Presidente Juárez", Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Uruapan, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Santoyo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico
| | - Pedro A López
- Colegio de Postgraduados-Campus Puebla, San Pedro Cholula, Mexico
| | - John Larsen
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Mexico
| | - María J Pozo
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Granada, Spain
| | - Ana T Chávez-Bárcenas
- Facultad de Agrobiología "Presidente Juárez", Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Uruapan, Mexico
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Hui J, An X, Li Z, Neuhäuser B, Ludewig U, Wu X, Schulze WX, Chen F, Feng G, Lambers H, Zhang F, Yuan L. The mycorrhiza-specific ammonium transporter ZmAMT3;1 mediates mycorrhiza-dependent nitrogen uptake in maize roots. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:4066-4087. [PMID: 35880836 PMCID: PMC9516061 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Most plant species can form symbioses with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMFs), which may enhance the host plant's acquisition of soil nutrients. In contrast to phosphorus nutrition, the molecular mechanism of mycorrhizal nitrogen (N) uptake remains largely unknown, and its physiological relevance is unclear. Here, we identified a gene encoding an AMF-inducible ammonium transporter, ZmAMT3;1, in maize (Zea mays) roots. ZmAMT3;1 was specifically expressed in arbuscule-containing cortical cells and the encoded protein was localized at the peri-arbuscular membrane. Functional analysis in yeast and Xenopus oocytes indicated that ZmAMT3;1 mediated high-affinity ammonium transport, with the substrate NH4+ being accessed, but likely translocating uncharged NH3. Phosphorylation of ZmAMT3;1 at the C-terminus suppressed transport activity. Using ZmAMT3;1-RNAi transgenic maize lines grown in compartmented pot experiments, we demonstrated that substantial quantities of N were transferred from AMF to plants, and 68%-74% of this capacity was conferred by ZmAMT3;1. Under field conditions, the ZmAMT3;1-dependent mycorrhizal N pathway contributed >30% of postsilking N uptake. Furthermore, AMFs downregulated ZmAMT1;1a and ZmAMT1;3 protein abundance and transport activities expressed in the root epidermis, suggesting a trade-off between mycorrhizal and direct root N-uptake pathways. Taken together, our results provide a comprehensive understanding of mycorrhiza-dependent N uptake in maize and present a promising approach to improve N-acquisition efficiency via plant-microbe interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hui
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xia An
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhibo Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Benjamin Neuhäuser
- Department of Nutritional Crop Physiology, Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, 70593, Germany
| | - Uwe Ludewig
- Department of Nutritional Crop Physiology, Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, 70593, Germany
| | - Xuna Wu
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Institute for Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, 70593, Germany
| | - Waltraud X Schulze
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Institute for Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, 70593, Germany
| | - Fanjun Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Gu Feng
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hans Lambers
- School of Biological Science and Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA6009, Australia
| | - Fusuo Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Rui W, Mao Z, Li Z. The Roles of Phosphorus and Nitrogen Nutrient Transporters in the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911027. [PMID: 36232323 PMCID: PMC9570102 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 80% of land plant species can form symbioses with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, and nutrient transfer to plants is largely mediated through this partnership. Over the last few years, great progress has been made in deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying the AM-mediated modulation of nutrient uptake progress, and a growing number of fungal and plant genes responsible for the uptake of nutrients from soil or transfer across the fungal–root interface have been identified. In this review, we outline the current concepts of nutrient exchanges within this symbiosis (mechanisms and regulation) and focus on P and N transfer from the fungal partner to the host plant, with a highlight on a possible interplay between P and N nutrient exchanges. Transporters belonging to the plant or AM fungi can synergistically process the transmembrane transport of soil nutrients to the symbiotic interface for further plant acquisition. Although much progress has been made to elucidate the complex mechanism for the integrated roles of nutrient transfers in AM symbiosis, questions still remain to be answered; for example, P and N transporters are less studied in different species of AM fungi; the involvement of AM fungi in plant N uptake is not as clearly defined as that of P; coordinated utilization of N and P is unknown; transporters of cultivated plants inoculated with AM fungi and transcriptomic and metabolomic networks at both the soil–fungi interface and fungi–plant interface have been insufficiently studied. These findings open new perspectives for fundamental research and application of AM fungi in agriculture.
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Branco S, Schauster A, Liao HL, Ruytinx J. Mechanisms of stress tolerance and their effects on the ecology and evolution of mycorrhizal fungi. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:2158-2175. [PMID: 35713988 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Stress is ubiquitous and disrupts homeostasis, leading to damage, decreased fitness, and even death. Like other organisms, mycorrhizal fungi evolved mechanisms for stress tolerance that allow them to persist or even thrive under environmental stress. Such mechanisms can also protect their obligate plant partners, contributing to their health and survival under hostile conditions. Here we review the effects of stress and mechanisms of stress response in mycorrhizal fungi. We cover molecular and cellular aspects of stress and how stress impacts individual fitness, physiology, growth, reproduction, and interactions with plant partners, along with how some fungi evolved to tolerate hostile environmental conditions. We also address how stress and stress tolerance can lead to adaptation and have cascading effects on population- and community-level diversity. We argue that mycorrhizal fungal stress tolerance can strongly shape not only fungal and plant physiology, but also their ecology and evolution. We conclude by pointing out knowledge gaps and important future research directions required for both fully understanding stress tolerance in the mycorrhizal context and addressing ongoing environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Branco
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, 80204, USA
| | - Annie Schauster
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, 80204, USA
| | - Hui-Ling Liao
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy, FL, 32351, USA
- Soil and Water Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Joske Ruytinx
- Research Groups Microbiology and Plant Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
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9
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Howard N, Pressel S, Kaye RS, Daniell TJ, Field KJ. The potential role of Mucoromycotina 'fine root endophytes' in plant nitrogen nutrition. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13715. [PMID: 35560043 PMCID: PMC9328347 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Mycorrhizal associations between fungi and plant roots have globally significant impacts on nutrient cycling. Mucoromycotina 'fine root endophytes' (MFRE) are a distinct and recently characterised group of mycorrhiza-forming fungi that associate with the roots of a range of host plant species. Given their previous misidentification and assignment as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) of the Glomeromycotina, it is now important to untangle the specific form and function of MFRE symbioses. In particular, relatively little is known about the nature of MFRE colonisation and its role in N uptake and transfer to host plants. Even less is known about the mechanisms by which MFRE access and assimilate N, and how this N is processed and subsequently exchanged with host plants for photosynthates. Here, we summarise and contrast the structures formed by MFRE and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in host plants as well as compare the N source preference of each mycorrhizal fungal group with what is currently known for MFRE N uptake. We compare the mechanisms of N assimilation and transfer to host plants utilised by the main groups of mycorrhizal fungi and hypothesise potential mechanisms for MFRE N assimilation and transfer, outlining directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Howard
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of BiosciencesUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Silvia Pressel
- Department of Life SciencesNatural History MuseumLondonUK
| | - Ryan S. Kaye
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of BiosciencesUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Tim J. Daniell
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of BiosciencesUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Katie J. Field
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of BiosciencesUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
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10
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Fall AF, Nakabonge G, Ssekandi J, Founoune-Mboup H, Apori SO, Ndiaye A, Badji A, Ngom K. Roles of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Soil Fertility: Contribution in the Improvement of Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties of the Soil. FRONTIERS IN FUNGAL BIOLOGY 2022; 3:723892. [PMID: 37746193 PMCID: PMC10512336 DOI: 10.3389/ffunb.2022.723892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Many of the world's soils are experiencing degradation at an alarming rate. Climate change and some agricultural management practices, such as tillage and excessive use of chemicals, have all contributed to the degradation of soil fertility. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMFs) contribute to the improvement of soil fertility. Here, a short review focusing on the role of AMF in improving soil fertility is presented. The aim of this review was to explore the role of AMF in improving the chemical, physical, and biological properties of the soil. We highlight some beneficial effects of AMF on soil carbon sequestration, nutrient contents, microbial activities, and soil structure. AMF has a positive impact on the soil by producing organic acids and glomalin, which protect from soil erosion, chelate heavy metals, improve carbon sequestration, and stabilize soil macro-aggregation. AMF also recruits bacteria that produce alkaline phosphatase, a mineralization soil enzyme associated with organic phosphorus availability. Moreover, AMFs influence the composition, diversity, and activity of microbial communities in the soil through mechanisms of antagonism or cooperation. All of these AMF activities contribute to improve soil fertility. Knowledge gaps are identified and discussed in the context of future research in this review. This will help us better understand AMF, stimulate further research, and help in sustaining the soil fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdoulaye Fofana Fall
- African Center of Excellence in Agroecology and Livelihood Systems, Faculty of Agriculture, Uganda Martyrs University, Nkozi, Uganda
- Fungi Biotechnology Laboratory, Plant Biology Department, Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar (UCAD), Dakar, Senegal
| | - Grace Nakabonge
- College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Joseph Ssekandi
- African Center of Excellence in Agroecology and Livelihood Systems, Faculty of Agriculture, Uganda Martyrs University, Nkozi, Uganda
| | - Hassna Founoune-Mboup
- ISRA_LNRPV, Laboratoire National de Recherches sur les Productions Végétales (LNRPV), Dakar, Senegal
| | - Samuel Obeng Apori
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Abibatou Ndiaye
- African Center of Excellence in Agroecology and Livelihood Systems, Faculty of Agriculture, Uganda Martyrs University, Nkozi, Uganda
| | - Arfang Badji
- Department of Agricultural Production, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Khady Ngom
- African Center of Excellence in Agroecology and Livelihood Systems, Faculty of Agriculture, Uganda Martyrs University, Nkozi, Uganda
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11
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Balestrini R, Brunetti C, Chitarra W, Nerva L. Photosynthetic Traits and Nitrogen Uptake in Crops: Which Is the Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi? PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E1105. [PMID: 32867243 PMCID: PMC7570035 DOI: 10.3390/plants9091105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are root symbionts that provide mineral nutrients to the host plant in exchange for carbon compounds. AM fungi positively affect several aspects of plant life, improving nutrition and leading to a better growth, stress tolerance, and disease resistance and they interact with most crop plants such as cereals, horticultural species, and fruit trees. For this reason, they receive expanding attention for the potential use in sustainable and climate-smart agriculture context. Although several positive effects have been reported on photosynthetic traits in host plants, showing improved performances under abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity and extreme temperature, the involved mechanisms are still to be fully discovered. In this review, some controversy aspects related to AM symbiosis and photosynthesis performances will be discussed, with a specific focus on nitrogen acquisition-mediated by AM fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Balestrini
- National Research Council-Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), 10125 Turin, Italy; (C.B.); (W.C.); (L.N.)
| | - Cecilia Brunetti
- National Research Council-Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), 10125 Turin, Italy; (C.B.); (W.C.); (L.N.)
| | - Walter Chitarra
- National Research Council-Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), 10125 Turin, Italy; (C.B.); (W.C.); (L.N.)
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Center for Viticulture and Enology, (CREA-VE), 31015 Conegliano (TV), Italy
| | - Luca Nerva
- National Research Council-Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), 10125 Turin, Italy; (C.B.); (W.C.); (L.N.)
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Center for Viticulture and Enology, (CREA-VE), 31015 Conegliano (TV), Italy
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12
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Xu G, Takahashi H. Improving nitrogen use efficiency: from cells to plant systems. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:4359-4364. [PMID: 32710784 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- China MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing, China
| | - Hideki Takahashi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
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13
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Dellagi A, Quillere I, Hirel B. Beneficial soil-borne bacteria and fungi: a promising way to improve plant nitrogen acquisition. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:4469-4479. [PMID: 32157312 PMCID: PMC7475097 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an essential element for plant productivity, thus, it is abundantly applied to the soil in the form of organic or chemical fertilizers that have negative impacts on the environment. Exploiting the potential of beneficial microbes and identifying crop genotypes that can capitalize on symbiotic associations may be possible ways to significantly reduce the use of N fertilizers. The best-known example of symbiotic association that can reduce the use of N fertilizers is the N2-fixing rhizobial bacteria and legumes. Bacterial taxa other than rhizobial species can develop associative symbiotic interactions with plants and also fix N. These include bacteria of the genera Azospirillum, Azotobacter, and Bacillus, some of which are commercialized as bio-inoculants. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are other microorganisms that can develop symbiotic associations with most terrestrial plants, favoring access to nutrients in a larger soil volume through their extraradical mycelium. Using combinations of different beneficial microbial species is a promising strategy to boost plant N acquisition and foster a synergistic beneficial effect between symbiotic microorganisms. Complex biological mechanisms including molecular, metabolic, and physiological processes dictate the establishment and efficiency of such multipartite symbiotic associations. In this review, we present an overview of the current knowledge and future prospects regarding plant N nutrition improvement through the use of beneficial bacteria and fungi associated with plants, individually or in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia Dellagi
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, France
| | - Isabelle Quillere
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, France
| | - Bertrand Hirel
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, France
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14
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Wang S, Chen A, Xie K, Yang X, Luo Z, Chen J, Zeng D, Ren Y, Yang C, Wang L, Feng H, López-Arredondo DL, Herrera-Estrella LR, Xu G. Functional analysis of the OsNPF4.5 nitrate transporter reveals a conserved mycorrhizal pathway of nitrogen acquisition in plants. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:16649-16659. [PMID: 32586957 PMCID: PMC7368293 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2000926117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Low availability of nitrogen (N) is often a major limiting factor to crop yield in most nutrient-poor soils. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are beneficial symbionts of most land plants that enhance plant nutrient uptake, particularly of phosphate. A growing number of reports point to the substantially increased N accumulation in many mycorrhizal plants; however, the contribution of AM symbiosis to plant N nutrition and the mechanisms underlying the AM-mediated N acquisition are still in the early stages of being understood. Here, we report that inoculation with AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis remarkably promoted rice (Oryza sativa) growth and N acquisition, and about 42% of the overall N acquired by rice roots could be delivered via the symbiotic route under N-NO3- supply condition. Mycorrhizal colonization strongly induced expression of the putative nitrate transporter gene OsNPF4.5 in rice roots, and its orthologs ZmNPF4.5 in Zea mays and SbNPF4.5 in Sorghum bicolor OsNPF4.5 is exclusively expressed in the cells containing arbuscules and displayed a low-affinity NO3- transport activity when expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Moreover, knockout of OsNPF4.5 resulted in a 45% decrease in symbiotic N uptake and a significant reduction in arbuscule incidence when NO3- was supplied as an N source. Based on our results, we propose that the NPF4.5 plays a key role in mycorrhizal NO3- acquisition, a symbiotic N uptake route that might be highly conserved in gramineous species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Aiqun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China;
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Kun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Jiadong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Dechao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Yuhan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Congfan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Lingxiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Huimin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Damar Lizbeth López-Arredondo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409
| | - Luis Rafael Herrera-Estrella
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China;
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409
- Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, Unidad de Genómica Avanzada del Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 36500 Irapuato, Mexico
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China;
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
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15
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Hao DL, Zhou JY, Yang SY, Qi W, Yang KJ, Su YH. Function and Regulation of Ammonium Transporters in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3557. [PMID: 32443561 PMCID: PMC7279009 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ammonium transporter (AMT)-mediated acquisition of ammonium nitrogen from soils is essential for the nitrogen demand of plants, especially for those plants growing in flooded or acidic soils where ammonium is dominant. Recent advances show that AMTs additionally participate in many other physiological processes such as transporting ammonium from symbiotic fungi to plants, transporting ammonium from roots to shoots, transferring ammonium in leaves and reproductive organs, or facilitating resistance to plant diseases via ammonium transport. Besides being a transporter, several AMTs are required for the root development upon ammonium exposure. To avoid the adverse effects of inadequate or excessive intake of ammonium nitrogen on plant growth and development, activities of AMTs are fine-tuned not only at the transcriptional level by the participation of at least four transcription factors, but also at protein level by phosphorylation, pH, endocytosis, and heterotrimerization. Despite these progresses, it is worth noting that stronger growth inhibition, not facilitation, unfortunately occurs when AMT overexpression lines are exposed to optimal or slightly excessive ammonium. This implies that a long road remains towards overcoming potential limiting factors and achieving AMT-facilitated yield increase to accomplish the goal of persistent yield increase under the present high nitrogen input mode in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Li Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; (D.-L.H.); (J.-Y.Z.); (S.-Y.Y.)
| | - Jin-Yan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; (D.-L.H.); (J.-Y.Z.); (S.-Y.Y.)
| | - Shun-Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; (D.-L.H.); (J.-Y.Z.); (S.-Y.Y.)
| | - Wei Qi
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China;
| | - Ke-Jun Yang
- Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center, Zhucheng 262200, China;
| | - Yan-Hua Su
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; (D.-L.H.); (J.-Y.Z.); (S.-Y.Y.)
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16
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Gao P, Wang X, Sang Y, Wang S, Dai D. AM fungi enhance the function of ecological floating bed in the treatment of saline industrial wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:16656-16667. [PMID: 32130639 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08229-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of saline wastewater attracts more and more attention due to its negative effects on the environment in China. Although salt removal from high-saline wastewater is well done in many industry factories, few technologies are available to remove salt from low-saline wastewater (total dissolved solids, TDS < 10,000 mg/L). In this study, ecological floating bed (EFB) enhanced by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Glomus etunicatum was constructed to remove salt from simulated low-saline wastewater. Results showed that AM formation in Canna indica was not affected by salt stress, and a higher mycorrhizal colonization rate was even observed under salt stress relative to the control treatment. In saline wastewater containing TDS 5000 mg/L, EFB with AM inoculation (AM-EFB) removed 15.9% of TDS, 19.9% of COD, 14.2% of TN, 22.5% of TP, and 11.6-23.0% of salt ions (Na, K, Mg, and Ca) more than EFB without AM inoculation (NM-EFB) in September, and 13.0% of TDS, 15.8% of COD, 17.5% of TN, 16.6% of TP, and 8.60-22.2% of salt ions (Na, K, Mg, and Ca) more than NM-EFB in October respectively. AMF increased plant uptake to Na and the translocation of Na from root to shoot, especially at the initial stage of the experiment. Additionally, EFB function declined when environmental temperature declined independent of AM inoculation, but the presence of AM increased EFB function in the treatment of saline wastewater relative to NM-EFB. This study provides a new strategy for the treatment of low-saline wastewater and the EFB application in a low-temperature environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yimin Sang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, 102617, China
| | - Shuguang Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Dongwei Dai
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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17
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Liu J, Chen J, Xie K, Tian Y, Yan A, Liu J, Huang Y, Wang S, Zhu Y, Chen A, Xu G. A mycorrhiza-specific H + -ATPase is essential for arbuscule development and symbiotic phosphate and nitrogen uptake. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:1069-1083. [PMID: 31899547 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Most land plants can form symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi to enhance uptake of mineral nutrients, particularly phosphate (Pi) and nitrogen (N), from the soil. It is established that transport of Pi from interfacial apoplast into plant cells depends on the H+ gradient generated by the H+ -ATPase located on the periarbuscular membrane (PAM); however, little evidence regarding the potential link between mycorrhizal N transport and H+ -ATPase activity is available to date. Here, we report that a PAM-localized tomato H+ -ATPase, SlHA8, is indispensable for arbuscule development and mycorrhizal P and N uptake. Knockout of SlHA8 resulted in truncated arbuscule morphology, reduced shoot P and N accumulation, and decreased H+ -ATPase activity and acidification of apoplastic spaces in arbusculated cells. Overexpression of SlHA8 in tomato promoted both P and N uptake, and increased total colonization level, but did not affect arbuscule morphology. Heterogeneous expression of SlHA8 in the rice osha1 mutant could fully complement its defects in arbuscule development and mycorrhizal P and N uptake. Our results propose a pivotal role of the SlHA8 in energizing both the symbiotic P and N transport, and highlight the evolutionary conservation of the AM-specific H+ -ATPase orthologs in maintaining AM symbiosis across different mycorrhizal plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- The Institute of Environmental Resources and Soil Fertilizers, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiadong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Anning Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianjian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yujuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuangshuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiyong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aiqun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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18
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Wu F, Fang F, Wu N, Li L, Tang M. Nitrate Transporter Gene Expression and Kinetics of Nitrate Uptake by Populus × canadensis 'Neva' in Relation to Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Nitrogen Availability. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:176. [PMID: 32184762 PMCID: PMC7058973 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants and other organisms in the ecosystem compete for the limited nitrogen (N) in the soil. Formation of a symbiotic relationship with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) may influence plant competitiveness for N. However, the effects of AMF on plant nitrate (NO3 -) uptake capacity remain unknown. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of N application and Rhizophagus irregularis inoculation on the root absorbing area, uptake kinetics of NO3 -, and the expression of NO3 - transporter (NRT) genes in Populus × canadensis 'Neva'. The results showed that R. irregularis colonized more than 70% of the roots of the poplar and increased root active absorbing area/total absorbing area. The uptake kinetics of NO3 - by poplar fitted the Michaelis-Menten equation. Mycorrhizal plants had a higher maximum uptake rate (V max) value than non-mycorrhizal plants, indicating that R. irregularis enhanced the NO3 - uptake capacity of poplar. The expression of NRTs in roots, namely, NRT1;2, NRT2;4B, NRT2;4C, NRT3;1A, NRT3;1B, and NRT3;1C, was decreased by R. irregularis under conditions of 0 and 1 mM NH4NO3. This study demonstrated that the improved NO3 - uptake capacity by R. irregularis was not achieved by up-regulating the expression of NRTs in roots. The mycorrhizal pathway might repress root direct pathway in the NO3 - uptake by mycorrhizal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fengru Fang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Na Wu
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ming Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Quiroga G, Erice G, Aroca R, Delgado-Huertas A, Ruiz-Lozano JM. Elucidating the Possible Involvement of Maize Aquaporins and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis in the Plant Ammonium and Urea Transport under Drought Stress Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E148. [PMID: 31979273 PMCID: PMC7076390 DOI: 10.3390/plants9020148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the possible involvement of maize aquaporins which are regulated by arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) in the transport in planta of ammonium and/or urea under well-watered and drought stress conditions. The study also aims to better understand the implication of the AM symbiosis in the uptake of urea and ammonium and its effect on plant physiology and performance under drought stress conditions. AM and non-AM maize plants were cultivated under three levels of urea or ammonium fertilization (0, 3 µM or 10 mM) and subjected or not to drought stress. Plant aquaporins and physiological responses to these treatments were analyzed. AM increased plant biomass in absence of N fertilization or under low urea/ ammonium fertilization, but no effect of the AM symbiosis was observed under high N supply. This effect was associated with reduced oxidative damage to lipids and increased N accumulation in plant tissues. High N fertilization with either ammonium or urea enhanced net photosynthesis (AN) and stomatal conductance (gs) in plants maintained under well-watered conditions, but 14 days after drought stress imposition these parameters declined in AM plants fertilized with high N doses. The aquaporin ZmTIP1;1 was up-regulated by both urea and ammonium and could be transporting these two N forms in planta. The differential regulation of ZmTIP4;1 and ZmPIP2;4 with urea fertilization and of ZmPIP2;4 with NH4+ supply suggests that these two aquaporins may also play a role in N mobilization in planta. At the same time, these aquaporins were also differentially regulated by the AM symbiosis, suggesting a possible role in the AM-mediated plant N homeostasis that deserves future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Quiroga
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Profesor Albareda nº 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Gorka Erice
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Profesor Albareda nº 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Ricardo Aroca
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Profesor Albareda nº 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | | | - Juan Manuel Ruiz-Lozano
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Profesor Albareda nº 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
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20
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Jiang J, Zhao J, Duan W, Tian S, Wang X, Zhuang H, Fu J, Kang Z. TaAMT2;3a, a wheat AMT2-type ammonium transporter, facilitates the infection of stripe rust fungus on wheat. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:239. [PMID: 31170918 PMCID: PMC6554902 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1841-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ammonium transporters (AMTs), a family of proteins transporting ammonium salt and its analogues, have been studied in many aspects. Although numerous studies have found that ammonium affects the interaction between plants and pathogens, the role of AMTs remains largely unknown, especially that of the AMT2-type AMTs. RESULTS In the present study, we found that the concentration of ammonium in wheat leaves decreased after infection with Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), the causal agent of stripe rust. Then, an AMT2-type ammonium transporter gene induced by Pst was identified and designated as TaAMT2;3a. Transient expression assays indicated that TaAMT2;3a was located to the cell and nuclear membranes. TaAMT2;3a successfully complemented the function of a yeast mutant defective in NH4+ transport, indicating its ammonium transport capacity. Function of TaAMT2;3a in wheat-Pst interaction was further analyzed by barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV)-induced gene silencing. Pst growth was significantly retarded in TaAMT2;3a-knockdown plants, in which ammonium in leaves were shown to be induced at the early stage of infection. Histological observation showed that the hyphal length, the number of hyphal branches and haustorial mother cells decreased in the TaAMT2;3a knockdown plants, leading to the impeded growth of rust pathogens. CONCLUSIONS The results clearly indicate that the induction of AMT2-type ammonium transporter gene TaAMT2;3a may facilitates the nitrogen uptake from wheat leaves by Pst, thereby contribute to the infection of rust fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpeng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Wanlu Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Song Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhensheng Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
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Dreyer I, Spitz O, Kanonenberg K, Montag K, Handrich MR, Ahmad S, Schott‐Verdugo S, Navarro‐Retamal C, Rubio‐Meléndez ME, Gomez‐Porras JL, Riedelsberger J, Molina‐Montenegro MA, Succurro A, Zuccaro A, Gould SB, Bauer P, Schmitt L, Gohlke H. Nutrient exchange in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis from a thermodynamic point of view. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 222:1043-1053. [PMID: 30565261 PMCID: PMC6667911 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
To obtain insights into the dynamics of nutrient exchange in arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis, we modelled mathematically the two-membrane system at the plant-fungus interface and simulated its dynamics. In computational cell biology experiments, the full range of nutrient transport pathways was tested for their ability to exchange phosphorus (P)/carbon (C)/nitrogen (N) sources. As a result, we obtained a thermodynamically justified, independent and comprehensive model of the dynamics of the nutrient exchange at the plant-fungus contact zone. The predicted optimal transporter network coincides with the transporter set independently confirmed in wet-laboratory experiments previously, indicating that all essential transporter types have been discovered. The thermodynamic analyses suggest that phosphate is released from the fungus via proton-coupled phosphate transporters rather than anion channels. Optimal transport pathways, such as cation channels or proton-coupled symporters, shuttle nutrients together with a positive charge across the membranes. Only in exceptional cases does electroneutral transport via diffusion facilitators appear to be plausible. The thermodynamic models presented here can be generalized and adapted to other forms of mycorrhiza and open the door for future studies combining wet-laboratory experiments with computational simulations to obtain a deeper understanding of the investigated phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Dreyer
- SFB 1208 – Identity and Dynamics of Membrane Systems – from Molecules to Cellular FunctionsHeinrich Heine Universität DüsseldorfUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
- Centro de Bioinformática y Simulación Molecular (CBSM)Facultad de IngenieríaUniversidad de Talca2 Norte 685Talca3460000Chile
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryHeinrich‐Heine‐Universität DüsseldorfUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
| | - Olivia Spitz
- SFB 1208 – Identity and Dynamics of Membrane Systems – from Molecules to Cellular FunctionsHeinrich Heine Universität DüsseldorfUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
- Institute of BiochemistryHeinrich‐Heine‐University DüsseldorfUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
| | - Kerstin Kanonenberg
- SFB 1208 – Identity and Dynamics of Membrane Systems – from Molecules to Cellular FunctionsHeinrich Heine Universität DüsseldorfUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
- Institute of BiochemistryHeinrich‐Heine‐University DüsseldorfUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
| | - Karolin Montag
- SFB 1208 – Identity and Dynamics of Membrane Systems – from Molecules to Cellular FunctionsHeinrich Heine Universität DüsseldorfUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
- Institute of BotanyHeinrich‐Heine UniversityUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
| | - Maria R. Handrich
- SFB 1208 – Identity and Dynamics of Membrane Systems – from Molecules to Cellular FunctionsHeinrich Heine Universität DüsseldorfUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
- Institute for Molecular EvolutionHeinrich Heine UniversityUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
| | - Sabahuddin Ahmad
- SFB 1208 – Identity and Dynamics of Membrane Systems – from Molecules to Cellular FunctionsHeinrich Heine Universität DüsseldorfUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryHeinrich‐Heine‐Universität DüsseldorfUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
| | - Stephan Schott‐Verdugo
- SFB 1208 – Identity and Dynamics of Membrane Systems – from Molecules to Cellular FunctionsHeinrich Heine Universität DüsseldorfUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
- Centro de Bioinformática y Simulación Molecular (CBSM)Facultad de IngenieríaUniversidad de Talca2 Norte 685Talca3460000Chile
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryHeinrich‐Heine‐Universität DüsseldorfUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
| | - Carlos Navarro‐Retamal
- Centro de Bioinformática y Simulación Molecular (CBSM)Facultad de IngenieríaUniversidad de Talca2 Norte 685Talca3460000Chile
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryHeinrich‐Heine‐Universität DüsseldorfUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
| | - María E. Rubio‐Meléndez
- Centro de Bioinformática y Simulación Molecular (CBSM)Facultad de IngenieríaUniversidad de Talca2 Norte 685Talca3460000Chile
| | - Judith L. Gomez‐Porras
- Centro de Bioinformática y Simulación Molecular (CBSM)Facultad de IngenieríaUniversidad de Talca2 Norte 685Talca3460000Chile
| | - Janin Riedelsberger
- Centro de Bioinformática y Simulación Molecular (CBSM)Facultad de IngenieríaUniversidad de Talca2 Norte 685Talca3460000Chile
- Instalación en la AcademiaNúcleo Científico MultidisciplinarioDirección de InvestigaciónVicerrectoría AcadémicaUniversidad de Talca2 Norte 685Talca3460000Chile
| | - Marco A. Molina‐Montenegro
- Instituto de Ciencias BiológicasUniversidad de TalcaAvenida Lircay s/nTalca3460000Chile
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA)Universidad Católica del NorteAvda. Larrondo 1281CoquimboChile
| | - Antonella Succurro
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) InstituteUniversity of BonnCarl‐Troll‐Str. 3153115 BonnGermany
- Botanical InstituteCluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS)University of Cologne50674KolnGermany
| | - Alga Zuccaro
- Botanical InstituteCluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS)University of Cologne50674KolnGermany
| | - Sven B. Gould
- SFB 1208 – Identity and Dynamics of Membrane Systems – from Molecules to Cellular FunctionsHeinrich Heine Universität DüsseldorfUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
- Institute for Molecular EvolutionHeinrich Heine UniversityUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
| | - Petra Bauer
- SFB 1208 – Identity and Dynamics of Membrane Systems – from Molecules to Cellular FunctionsHeinrich Heine Universität DüsseldorfUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
- Institute of BotanyHeinrich‐Heine UniversityUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
| | - Lutz Schmitt
- SFB 1208 – Identity and Dynamics of Membrane Systems – from Molecules to Cellular FunctionsHeinrich Heine Universität DüsseldorfUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
- Institute of BiochemistryHeinrich‐Heine‐University DüsseldorfUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
| | - Holger Gohlke
- SFB 1208 – Identity and Dynamics of Membrane Systems – from Molecules to Cellular FunctionsHeinrich Heine Universität DüsseldorfUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryHeinrich‐Heine‐Universität DüsseldorfUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
- John von Neumann Institute for Computing (NIC)Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC) & Institute for Complex Systems – Structural Biochemistry (ICS‐6)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH52425JülichGermany
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New Insights into the Symbiotic Relationship between Orchids and Fungi. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9030585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Mycorrhizas play an important role in plant growth and development. In mycorrhizal symbioses, fungi supply soil mineral nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, to their host plants in exchange for carbon resources. Plants gain as much as 80% of mineral nutrient requirements from mycorrhizal fungi, which form associations with the roots of over 90% of all plant species. Orchid seeds lack endosperms and contain very limited storage reserves. Therefore, the symbiosis with mycorrhizal fungi that form endomycorrhizas is essential for orchid seed germination and protocorm development under natural conditions. The rapid advancement of next-generation sequencing contributes to identifying the orchid and fungal genes involved in the orchid mycorrhizal symbiosis and unraveling the molecular mechanisms regulating the symbiosis. We aim to update and summarize the current understanding of the mechanisms on orchid-fungus symbiosis, and the main focus will be on the nutrient exchange between orchids and their fungal partners.
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