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Iglesias-Velazquez O, Gf Tresguerres F, F Tresguerres I, Leco-Berrocal I, Lopez-Pintor R, Baca L, Torres J. OsteoMac: A new player on the bone biology scene. Ann Anat 2024; 254:152244. [PMID: 38492654 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The knowledge of bone biology has undergone major advances in recent decades. In bone, resorbing osteoclasts have classically been described as tissue-resident macrophages, however, it is currently known that a new subtype of macrophages, called OsteoMacs, are specialised bone-resident macrophages, which, depending on certain conditions, may play an important role not only in bone homeostasis, but also in promoting pro-anabolic functions or in creating an inflammatory environment. There is growing evidence that these osteal macrophages may influence the development of bone-loss diseases. It is essential to understand the biological bases underlying bone physiological processes to search for new therapeutic targets for bone-loss diseases, such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, or even periodontal disease. This narrative review provides an update on the origin, characterisation, and possible roles of osteoMacs in bone biology. Finally, the potential clinical applications of this new cell in bone-loss disorders are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Iglesias-Velazquez
- Department of Dental Clinical Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Gf Tresguerres
- Department of Dental Clinical Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel F Tresguerres
- Department of Dental Clinical Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.
| | - Isabel Leco-Berrocal
- Department of Dental Clinical Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Lopez-Pintor
- Department of Dental Clinical Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Baca
- Department of Dental Clinical Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus Torres
- Department of Dental Clinical Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
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2
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He J, Shan S, Jiang T, Zhou S, Qin J, Li Q, Yu Z, Cao D, Fang B. Mechanical stretch preconditioned adipose-derived stem cells elicit polarization of anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages and improve chronic wound healing. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23626. [PMID: 38739537 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300586r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Transplantation of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) is a promising option in the field of chronic wounds treatment. However, the effectiveness of ASCs therapies has been hampered by highly inflammatory environment in chronic wound areas. These problems could be partially circumvented using efficient approaches that boost the survival and anti-inflammatory capacity of transplanted ASCs. Here, by application of mechanical stretch (MS), we show that ASCs exhibits increased survival and immunoregulatory properties in vitro. MS triggers the secretion of macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) from ASCs, a chemokine that is linked to anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages polarization. When the MS-ASCs were transplanted to chronic wounds, the wound area yields significantly faster closure rate and lower inflammatory mediators, largely due to macrophages polarization driven by transplanted MS-ASCs. Thus, our work shows that mechanical stretch can be harnessed to enhance ASCs transplantation efficiency in chronic wounds treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao He
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengzhou Shan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Taoran Jiang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sizheng Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Qin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheyuan Yu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dejun Cao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Fang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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3
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Li X, Cheng Y, Gu P, Zhao C, Li Z, Tong L, Zeng W, Liang J, Luo E, Jiang Q, Zhou Z, Fan Y, Zhang X, Sun Y. Engineered Microchannel Scaffolds with Instructive Niches Reinforce Endogenous Bone Regeneration by Regulating CSF-1/CSF-1R Pathway. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2310876. [PMID: 38321645 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Structural and physiological cues provide guidance for the directional migration and spatial organization of endogenous cells. Here, a microchannel scaffold with instructive niches is developed using a circumferential freeze-casting technique with an alkaline salting-out strategy. Thereinto, polydopamine-coated nano-hydroxyapatite is employed as a functional inorganic linker to participate in the entanglement and crystallization of chitosan molecules. This scaffold orchestrates the advantage of an oriented porous structure for rapid cell infiltration and satisfactory immunomodulatory capacity to promote stem cell recruitment, retention, and subsequent osteogenic differentiation. Transcriptomic analysis as well as its in vitro and in vivo verification demonstrates that essential colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) factor is induced by this scaffold, and effectively bound to the target colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R) on the macrophage surface to activate the M2 phenotype, achieving substantial endogenous bone regeneration. This strategy provides a simple and efficient approach for engineering inducible bone regenerative biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yaling Cheng
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Peiyang Gu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Chengkun Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Zhulian Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Lei Tong
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Weinan Zeng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institution, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 17# Gaopeng Avenue, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Jie Liang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
- Sichuan Testing Center for Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - En Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14#, 3rd, Section of Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Qing Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Zongke Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institution, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 17# Gaopeng Avenue, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yujiang Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yong Sun
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
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Henning P, Westerlund A, Horkeby K, Lionikaite V, Nilsson KH, Movérare-Skrtic S, Conaway HH, Lerner UH. Vitamin A enhanced periosteal osteoclastogenesis is associated with increased number of tissue-derived macrophages/osteoclast progenitors. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107308. [PMID: 38657862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
A deleterious effect of elevated levels of vitamin A on bone health has been reported in clinical studies. Mechanistic studies in rodents have shown that numbers of periosteal osteoclasts are increased, while endocortical osteoclasts are simultaneously decreased by vitamin A treatment. The present study investigated the in vitro and in vivo effect of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), the active metabolite of vitamin A, on periosteal osteoclast progenitors. Mouse calvarial bone cells were cultured in media containing ATRA, with or without the osteoclastogenic cytokine receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B-ligand (RANKL), on plastic dishes or bone discs. Whereas ATRA did not stimulate osteoclast formation alone, the compound robustly potentiated the formation of RANKL-induced bone resorbing osteoclasts. This effect was due to stimulation by ATRA (half-maximal stimulation ∼3 nM) on the numbers of macrophages/osteoclast progenitors in the bone cell cultures, as assessed by mRNA and protein expression of several macrophage and osteoclast progenitor cell markers, such as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B, F4/80, and CD11b, as well as by flow cytometry (FACS) analysis of CD11b+/F480+/Gr1- cells. The stimulation of macrophage numbers in the periosteal cell cultures was not mediated by increased macrophage colony-stimulating factor or interleukin-34. In contrast, ATRA did not enhance macrophages in bone marrow cell cultures. Importantly, ATRA treatment upregulated the mRNA expression of several macrophage-related genes in the periosteum of tibia in adult mice. These observations demonstrate a novel mechanism by which vitamin A enhances osteoclast formation specifically on periosteal surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Henning
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Westerlund
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Horkeby
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Vikte Lionikaite
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin H Nilsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Movérare-Skrtic
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - H Herschel Conaway
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Ulf H Lerner
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Wang M, Caryotakis SE, Smith GG, Nguyen AV, Pleasure DE, Soulika AM. CSF1R antagonism results in increased supraspinal infiltration in EAE. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:103. [PMID: 38643194 PMCID: PMC11031888 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03063-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) signaling is crucial for the maintenance and function of various myeloid subsets. CSF1R antagonism was previously shown to mitigate clinical severity in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). The associated mechanisms are still not well delineated. METHODS To assess the effect of CSF1R signaling, we employed the CSF1R antagonist PLX5622 formulated in chow (PLX5622 diet, PD) and its control chow (control diet, CD). We examined the effect of PD in steady state and EAE by analyzing cells isolated from peripheral immune organs and from the CNS via flow cytometry. We determined CNS infiltration sites and assessed the extent of demyelination using immunohistochemistry of cerebella and spinal cords. Transcripts of genes associated with neuroinflammation were also analyzed in these tissues. RESULTS In addition to microglial depletion, PD treatment reduced dendritic cells and macrophages in peripheral immune organs, both during steady state and during EAE. Furthermore, CSF1R antagonism modulated numbers and relative frequencies of T effector cells both in the periphery and in the CNS during the early stages of the disease. Classical neurological symptoms were milder in PD compared to CD mice. Interestingly, a subset of PD mice developed atypical EAE symptoms. Unlike previous studies, we observed that the CNS of PD mice was infiltrated by increased numbers of peripheral immune cells compared to that of CD mice. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that CNS infiltrates in PD mice were mainly localized in the cerebellum while in CD mice infiltrates were primarily localized in the spinal cords during the onset of neurological deficits. Accordingly, during the same timepoint, cerebella of PD but not of CD mice had extensive demyelinating lesions, while spinal cords of CD but not of PD mice were heavily demyelinated. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that CSF1R activity modulates the cellular composition of immune cells both in the periphery and within the CNS, and affects lesion localization during the early EAE stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn Wang
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Sofia E Caryotakis
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Northern California, Sacramento, CA, USA
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Glendalyn G Smith
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Northern California, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Alan V Nguyen
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Sutro Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David E Pleasure
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Northern California, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Athena M Soulika
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Northern California, Sacramento, CA, USA.
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Nuszkiewicz J, Wróblewska J, Budek M, Czuczejko J, Woźniak A, Maruszak-Parda M, Szewczyk-Golec K. Exploring the Link between Inflammatory Biomarkers and Head and Neck Cancer: Understanding the Impact of Smoking as a Cancer-Predisposing Factor. Biomedicines 2024; 12:748. [PMID: 38672104 PMCID: PMC11048483 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is associated with significant morbidity globally, with smoking recognized as a key risk factor. This study investigates the interplay between smoking and inflammatory biomarkers in HNC development. The study involved 50 HNC patients, divided into smoking and non-smoking groups, and a control group of 30 healthy individuals. Serum levels of 48 cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and other inflammatory markers were meticulously assessed. Significant differences in the levels of an extensive panel of inflammatory markers were observed between the patient groups and healthy controls. Elevated macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) in both HNC groups implicated increased activity in pathways known for immunomodulation, proliferation, and angiogenesis during HNC cancerogenesis. In contrast, non-smokers with HNC demonstrated higher levels of interleukin 10 (IL-10) and interleukin 15 (IL-15), suggesting a more robust immune response. Platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) levels were particularly high in smokers with HNC. Smoking seems to alter the levels of crucial biomarkers in HNC, potentially affecting disease progression and responses to treatment. The data indicate that smokers may experience a more aggressive cancer phenotype, while non-smokers maintain a profile suggestive of a more active and effective immune response against HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Nuszkiewicz
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.W.); (M.B.); (A.W.); (K.S.-G.)
| | - Joanna Wróblewska
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.W.); (M.B.); (A.W.); (K.S.-G.)
| | - Marlena Budek
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.W.); (M.B.); (A.W.); (K.S.-G.)
| | - Jolanta Czuczejko
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 9 M. Curie Skłodowskiej St., 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Oncology Centre Prof. Franciszek Łukaszczyk Memorial Hospital, Bydgoszcz, 2 Dr I. Romanowskiej St., 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Alina Woźniak
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.W.); (M.B.); (A.W.); (K.S.-G.)
| | - Marta Maruszak-Parda
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Oncology Centre Prof. Franciszek Łukaszczyk Memorial Hospital, Bydgoszcz, 2 Dr I. Romanowskiej St., 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Karolina Szewczyk-Golec
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.W.); (M.B.); (A.W.); (K.S.-G.)
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7
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Jin N, Wang Z, Tang X, Jin N, Wang X. Promoting Diabetic Wound Healing through a Hydrogel-Based Cascade Regulation Strategy of Fibroblast-Macrophage. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400526. [PMID: 38469978 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The management of diabetic wounds (DWs) continues to pose a significant challenge in the field of medicine. DWs are primarily prevented from healing due to damage to macrophage efferocytosis and fibroblast dysfunction. Consequently, a treatment strategy that involves both immunoregulation and the promotion of extracellular matrix (ECM) formation holds promise for healing DWs. Nevertheless, existing treatment methods necessitate complex interventions and are associated with increased costs, for example, the use of cytokines and cell therapy, both of which have limited effectiveness. In this study, a new type of ruthenium (IV) oxide nanoparticles (RNPs)-laden hybrid hydrogel dressing with a double network of Pluronic F127 and F68 has been developed. Notably, the hybrid hydrogel demonstrates remarkable thermosensitivity, injectability, immunoregulatory characteristics, and healing capability. RNPs in hydrogel effectively regulate both fibroblasts and macrophages in a cascade manner, stimulating fibroblast differentiation while synergistically enhancing the efferocytosis of macrophage. The immunoregulatory character of the hydrogel aids in restoring the intrinsic stability of the immune microenvironment in the wound and facilitates essential remodeling of the ECM. This hydrogel therefore offers a novel approach for treating DWs through intercellular communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuo Jin
- Center of 3D Printing & Organ Manufacturing, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Zilin Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, China
| | - Nianqiang Jin
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Center of 3D Printing & Organ Manufacturing, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
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Martin AT, Giri S, Safronova A, Eliseeva SI, Kwok SF, Yarovinsky F. Parasite-induced IFN-γ regulates host defense via CD115 and mTOR-dependent mechanism of tissue-resident macrophage death. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1011502. [PMID: 38377133 PMCID: PMC10906828 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Host resistance to a common protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii relies on a coordinated immune response involving multiple cell types, including macrophages. Embryonically seeded tissue-resident macrophages (TRMs) play a critical role in maintaining tissue homeostasis, but their role in parasite clearance is poorly understood. In this study, we uncovered a crucial aspect of host defense against T. gondii mediated by TRMs. Through the use of neutralizing antibodies and conditional IFN-γ receptor-deficient mice, we demonstrated that IFN-γ directly mediated the elimination of TRMs. Mechanistically, IFN-γ stimulation in vivo rendered macrophages unresponsive to macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and inactivated mTOR signaling by causing the shedding of CD115 (CSFR1), the receptor for M-CSF. Further experiments revealed the essential role of macrophage IFN-γ responsiveness in host resistance to T. gondii. The elimination of peritoneal TRMs emerged as an additional host defense mechanism aimed at limiting the parasite's reservoir. The identified mechanism, involving IFN-γ-induced suppression of CD115-dependent mTOR signaling in macrophages, provides insights into the adaptation of macrophage subsets during infection and highlights a crucial aspect of host defense against intracellular pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T. Martin
- Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Shilpi Giri
- Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Alexandra Safronova
- Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Sophia I. Eliseeva
- Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Samantha F. Kwok
- Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Felix Yarovinsky
- Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
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9
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Niu Y, Cao S, Ma X, Xu Z, Wu H. Multiple cytokine analyses identify CSF1 as a robust biomarker for predicting postoperative recurrence in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 127:111430. [PMID: 38142640 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a heterogeneous disease with a high rate of postoperative recurrence. This study aimed to discover potential biomarkers by analyzing multiple cytokine profiles in serum to predict postoperative recurrence in CRSwNP and to explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS In this prospective study, we enrolled 18 healthy controls (HC) and 60 CRSwNP patients and analyzed the baseline serum cytokine profiles using the Luminex assay. Patients were followed up for more than 2 years and divided into non-recurrence and Recurrence groups. The differentially expressed cytokines were validated in the serum and tissue samples in a validation cohort, and their predictive values for recurrence were evaluated. RESULTS Fifty-four CRSwNP patients completed the follow-up schedule, including 37 patients in the non-Recurrence group and 17 patients in the Recurrence group. Multiple cytokine analyses showed that serum CD40, CD40L, IL-18, IL-8, MCP1, and CSF1 levels were elevated in the CRSwNP group, especially in the Recurrence group, compared to the HC group. Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that serum levels of CD40, CD40L, and CSF1 were closely associated with the risk of postoperative recurrence. Further validation results showed that both serum and tissue mRNA levels of CD40, CD40L, and CSF1 were significantly higher in the Recurrence group in comparison with the non-recurrence and HC groups, and tissue CSF1 mRNA expression exhibited a robust value for predicting the CRSwNP recurrence. Immunofluorescence results revealed that CSF1 was enhanced in the recurrent CRSwNP patients, especially in the epithelial cell area, and CSF1 expressions were augmented when patients suffered postoperative recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Circulating cytokine profiles may affect the risk of postoperative recurrence in CRSwNP patients. Our discovery-validation results suggested that CSF1 might serve as a robust biomarker for predicting CRSwNP recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Niu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Shouming Cao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhaoxiong Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second People's Hospital of Xuanwei City, Xuanwei, China
| | - Haiying Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
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Zhang Y, Sun J, Li M, Hou L, Wang Z, Dong H, Xu W, Jiang R, Geng Y, Guan C, Zhu Z, Wang H, Gong Q, Zhang G. Identification and validation of a disulfidptosis-related genes prognostic signature in lung adenocarcinoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23502. [PMID: 38223725 PMCID: PMC10784160 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Disulfidptosis, a newly revealed form of cell death, regulated by numerous genes that has been recently identified. The exact role of disulfidptosis in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) still uncertain. Objective of this study was to explore potential prognostic markers among disulfidptosis genes in LUAD. By combining transcriptomic information from Gene Expression Omnibus databases and The Cancer Genome Atlas, we identified differentially expressed and prognostic disulfidptosis genes. By conducting least absolute shrinkage and selection operator with multivariate Cox regression, four disulfidptosis genes were selected to create the prognostic signature. The implementation of the signature separated the training and validation cohorts into groups with high- and low-risk. Subsequently, the model was verified by conducting an independent analysis of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Further comparisons were made between the two risk-divided groups with regards the tumor microenvironment, immune cell infiltration, immunotherapy response, and drug sensitivity. The signature was constructed using four disulfidptosis-related genes: SLC7A11, SLC3A2, NCKAP1, and GYS1. According to ROC curves, the signature was effective for predicting LUAD prognosis. In addition, the prognostic signature correlated with sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents and the efficacy of immunotherapy in LUAD. Finally, through external validation, we showed that NCKAP1 are correlated with tumor migration, proliferation, and invasion of LUAD cells. GYS1 affects immune cell, especially M2 macrophage infiltration in the tumor microenvironment. The disulfidptosis four-gene model can reliably predict the prognosis of patients diagnosed with LUAD, thereby providing valuable information for clinical applications and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanpeng Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingyang Sun
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Gansu Central Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liren Hou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huanhuan Dong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenjun Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rongxuan Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuhan Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Gansu Central Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chungen Guan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Gansu Central Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zijiang Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Gansu Central Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongyi Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiuyu Gong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guangjian Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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11
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Sun H, Ma D, Hou S, Zhang W, Li J, Zhao W, Shafeng N, Meng H. Exploring causal correlations between systemic inflammatory cytokines and epilepsy: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Seizure 2024; 114:44-49. [PMID: 38039807 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation plays a role in the development and advancement of epilepsy, but the relationship between inflammatory cytokines and epilepsy is still not well understood. Herein, we use two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to examine the causal association between systemic inflammatory cytokines and epilepsy. METHODS We conducted a bidirectional two-sample MR analysis based on genome-wide association study data of 41 serum cytokines from 8293 Finnish individuals with various epilepsy subtypes from the International League against Epilepsy Consortium. RESULTS Our study showed that three inflammatory cytokines were associated with epilepsy, five were associated with generalized epilepsy, four were associated with focal epilepsy, one was associated with focal epilepsy-documented lesion negative, three were associated with juvenile absence epilepsy, one was associated with childhood absence epilepsy, two were associated with focal epilepsy-documented lesion other than hippocampal sclerosis, and two were associated with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Furthermore, the expression of systemic inflammatory cytokines was unaffected by genetically predicted epilepsy. CONCLUSION This study suggested that several inflammatory cytokines are probably the factors correlated with epilepsy. Additional research is required to ascertain if these biomarkers have therapeutic potential to prevent or manage epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaiyu Sun
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Di Ma
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuai Hou
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wuqiong Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiaai Li
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Weixuan Zhao
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Nilupaer Shafeng
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongmei Meng
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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12
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Waddell LA, Wu Z, Sauter KA, Hope JC, Hume DA. A novel monoclonal antibody against porcine macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF1) detects expression on the cell surface of macrophages. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2023; 266:110681. [PMID: 37992576 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF1) controls the proliferation and differentiation of cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system through binding to the receptor CSF1R. The expression and function of CSF1 has been well-studied in rodents and humans, but knowledge is lacking in other veterinary species. The development of a novel mouse anti-porcine CSF1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) facilitates the characterisation of this growth factor in pigs. Cell surface expression of CSF1 was confirmed on differentiated macrophage populations derived from blood and bone marrow monocytes, and on lung resident macrophages, the first species for this to be confirmed. However, monocytes isolated from blood and bone marrow lacked CSF1 expression. This species-specific mAb delivers the opportunity to further understanding of porcine myeloid cell biology. This is not only vital for the role of pigs as a model for human health, but also as a veterinary species of significant economic and agricultural importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey A Waddell
- The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Zhiguang Wu
- The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Kristin A Sauter
- The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Jayne C Hope
- The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK.
| | - David A Hume
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, Qld 4104, Australia
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13
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Wang T, Yang S, Long Y, Li Y, Wang T, Hou Z. Olink proteomics analysis uncovers the landscape of inflammation-related proteins in patients with acute compartment syndrome. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1293826. [PMID: 38045696 PMCID: PMC10691257 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1293826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Our primary purpose was to explore the landscape of inflammation-related proteins, and our second goal was to investigate these proteins as potential biomarkers of acute compartment syndrome (ACS), which is a serious complication of tibial fractures. Methods We collected sera from 15 healthy subjects (control group, CG) and 30 patients with tibial fractures on admission day, comprising 15 patients with ACS (ACS group, AG) and 15 patients without ACS (fracture group, FG). Ten samples in each group were analyzed by the inflammation panel of Olink Proteomics Analysis, and all samples were verified by an ELISA. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to identify the diagnostic ability and cutoff values of potential biomarkers. Results Our findings showed that the levels of IL6, CSF-1, and HGF in the FG were significantly higher than those in the CG. Similar results were found between the AG and CG, and their cutoff values for predicting ACS compared with the CG were 9.225 pg/ml, 81.04 pg/ml, and 0.3301 ng/ml, respectively. Furthermore, their combination had the highest diagnostic accuracy. Notably, compared with FG, we only found a higher expression of CCL23 in the AG. Additionally, we identified 35.75 pg/ml as the cutoff value of CCL23 for predicting ACS in patients with tibial fractures. Conclusion We identified CCL23 as a potential biomarker of ACS in comparison with tibial fracture patients and the significance of the combined diagnosis of IL6, CSF-1, and HGF for predicting ACS compared with healthy individuals. Furthermore, we also found their cutoff values, providing clinicians with a new method for rapidly diagnosing ACS. However, we need larger samples to verify our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yubin Long
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Central Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, China
| | - Yiran Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Nursing, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhiyong Hou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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14
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Tilg H, Adolph TE, Tacke F. Therapeutic modulation of the liver immune microenvironment. Hepatology 2023; 78:1581-1601. [PMID: 37057876 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a hallmark of progressive liver diseases such as chronic viral or immune-mediated hepatitis, alcohol-associated liver disease, and NAFLD. Preclinical and clinical studies have provided robust evidence that cytokines and related cellular stress sensors in innate and adaptive immunity orchestrate hepatic disease processes. Unresolved inflammation and liver injury result in hepatic scarring, fibrosis, and cirrhosis, which may culminate in HCC. Liver diseases are accompanied by gut dysbiosis and a bloom of pathobionts, fueling hepatic inflammation. Anti-inflammatory strategies are extensively used to treat human immune-mediated conditions beyond the liver, while evidence for immunomodulatory therapies and cell therapy-based strategies in liver diseases is only emerging. The development and establishment of novel immunomodulatory therapies for chronic liver diseases has been dampened by several clinical challenges, such as invasive monitoring of therapeutic efficacy with liver biopsy in clinical trials and risk of DILI in several studies. Such aspects prevented advancements of novel medical therapies for chronic inflammatory liver diseases. New concepts modulating the liver immune environment are studied and eagerly awaited to improve the management of chronic liver diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Tilg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, & Metabolism, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Timon E Adolph
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, & Metabolism, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
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15
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Kim HY, Shim JH, Heo CY. A Rare Skeletal Disorder, Fibrous Dysplasia: A Review of Its Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Prospects. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15591. [PMID: 37958575 PMCID: PMC10650015 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a rare, non-hereditary skeletal disorder characterized by its chronic course of non-neoplastic fibrous tissue buildup in place of healthy bone. A myriad of factors have been associated with its onset and progression. Perturbation of cell-cell signaling networks and response outputs leading to disrupted building blocks, incoherent multi-level organization, and loss of rigid structural motifs in mineralized tissues are factors that have been identified to participate in FD induction. In more recent years, novel insights into the unique biology of FD are transforming our understandings of its pathology, natural discourse of the disease, and treatment prospects. Herein, we built upon existing knowledge with recent findings to review clinical, etiologic, and histological features of FD and discussed known and potential mechanisms underlying FD manifestations. Subsequently, we ended on a note of optimism by highlighting emerging therapeutic approaches aimed at either halting or ameliorating disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Young Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hee Shim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Research Administration Team, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Yeong Heo
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea;
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Zhang P, Geng Y, Tang J, Cao Z, Xiang X, Yang K, Chen H. Identification of biomarkers related to immune and inflammation in membranous nephropathy: comprehensive bioinformatic analysis and validation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1252347. [PMID: 37876929 PMCID: PMC10590909 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1252347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Membranous nephropathy (MN) is an autoimmune glomerular disease that is predominantly mediated by immune complex deposition and complement activation. The aim of this study was to identify key biomarkers of MN and investigate their association with immune-related mechanisms, inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and chemokine receptors (CCRs). Methods MN cohort microarray expression data were downloaded from the GEO database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in MN were identified, and hub genes were determined using a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. The relationships between immune-related hub genes, immune cells, CCRs, and inflammatory cytokines were examined using immune infiltration analysis, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Finally, the immune-related hub genes in MN were validated using ELISA. Results In total, 501 DEGs were identified. Enrichment analysis revealed the involvement of immune- and cytokine-related pathways in MN progression. Using WGCNA and immune infiltration analysis, 2 immune-related hub genes (CYBB and CSF1R) were identified. These genes exhibited significant correlations with a wide range of immune cells and were found to participate in B cell/T cell receptor and chemokine signaling pathways. In addition, the expressions of 2 immune-related hub genes were positively correlated with the expression of CCR1, CX3CR1, IL1B, CCL4, TNF, and CCR2. Conclusion Our study identified CSF1 and CYBB as immune-related hub genes that potentially influence the expression of CCRs and pro-inflammatory cytokines (CCR1, CX3CR1, IL1B, CCL4, TNF, and CCR2). CSF1 and CYBB may be potential biomarkers for MN progression, providing a perspective for diagnostic and immunotherapeutic targets of MN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingna Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunling Geng
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyi Tang
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zijing Cao
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojun Xiang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Kezhen Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongbo Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
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17
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Li Y, Long Y, Chen X, Wang T, Guo J, Jin L, Wang L, Hou Z. Cytokine patterns in the blister fluid and plasma of patients with fracture blisters. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 123:110738. [PMID: 37536187 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fracture blister (FB) is a complication of fracture, which damages to the skin integrity and increases the risk of infection. Inflammation plays an important role in the formation and development of FBs, but its specific mechanism is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the patterns and dynamic changes of inflammatory cytokines in fracture blister fluid (FBF) and plasma. MATERIALS AND METHODS FBF and plasma were collected simultaneously from patients with lower extremity fractures with FBs on the first and fifth day after blisters formation. 92 inflammation-related protein biomarkers were measured in plasma and FBF using Proximity Extension Assay (PEA). We analyzed the cytokine patterns and their dynamic changes in FBF and plasma. Cytokine patterns in plasma from FB patients, fracture without blister patients, and healthy subjects were also analyzed. RESULT The cytokine pattern in FBF and plasma of patients with FBs was different but 11 cytokines were significantly correlated in the two sample types. 23 cytokines were different in plasma across FB patients, fracture without blister patients and healthy subjects. In the analysis of plasma from FB patients and fracture without blister patients, 15 cytokines were significantly different and they may be potential risk factors for the occurrence of FBs. The FBF and plasma showed different cytokine patterns in the early and late stages, with 50 cytokines significantly changed in FBF and 20 cytokines in plasma. CONCLUSION The different cytokine patterns in plasma between FB patients and fracture without blisters patients may be the potential factors for the occurrence of blisters. The cytokine patterns in FBF and plasma showed a dynamic change from the inflammatory stage to the proliferative and repair stage, which indicates that FBs may have new clinical importance in addition to being a soft tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yubin Long
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Country Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Baoding No. 1 Central Hospital, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jialiang Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; The School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Zhiyong Hou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
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Waugh S, Ranasinghe A, Gomez A, Houston S, Lithgow KV, Eshghi A, Fleetwood J, Conway KME, Reynolds LA, Cameron CE. Syphilis and the host: multi-omic analysis of host cellular responses to Treponema pallidum provides novel insight into syphilis pathogenesis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1254342. [PMID: 37795301 PMCID: PMC10546344 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1254342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Syphilis is a chronic, multi-stage infection caused by the extracellular bacterium Treponema pallidum ssp. pallidum. Treponema pallidum widely disseminates through the vasculature, crosses endothelial, blood-brain and placental barriers, and establishes systemic infection. Although the capacity of T. pallidum to traverse the endothelium is well-described, the response of endothelial cells to T. pallidum exposure, and the contribution of this response to treponemal traversal, is poorly understood. Methods To address this knowledge gap, we used quantitative proteomics and cytokine profiling to characterize endothelial responses to T. pallidum. Results Proteomic analyses detected altered host pathways controlling extracellular matrix organization, necroptosis and cell death, and innate immune signaling. Cytokine analyses of endothelial cells exposed to T. pallidum revealed increased secretion of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and decreased secretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Discussion This study provides insight into the molecular basis of syphilis disease symptoms and the enhanced susceptibility of individuals infected with syphilis to HIV co-infection. These investigations also enhance understanding of the host response to T. pallidum exposure and the pathogenic strategies used by T. pallidum to disseminate and persist within the host. Furthermore, our findings highlight the critical need for inclusion of appropriate controls when conducting T. pallidum-host cell interactions using in vitro- and in vivo-grown T. pallidum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Waugh
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Akash Ranasinghe
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Alloysius Gomez
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Simon Houston
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Karen V. Lithgow
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Azad Eshghi
- University of Victoria-Genome BC Proteomics Centre, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Jenna Fleetwood
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Kate M. E. Conway
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Lisa A. Reynolds
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Caroline E. Cameron
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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19
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Liu Y, Su S, Shayo S, Bao W, Pal M, Dou K, Shi PA, Aygun B, Campbell-Lee S, Lobo CA, Mendelson A, An X, Manwani D, Zhong H, Yazdanbakhsh K. Hemolysis dictates monocyte differentiation via two distinct pathways in sickle cell disease vaso-occlusion. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e172087. [PMID: 37490346 PMCID: PMC10503794 DOI: 10.1172/jci172087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hereditary hemoglobinopathy characterized by painful vaso-occlusive crises (VOC) and chronic hemolysis. The mononuclear phagocyte system is pivotal to SCD pathophysiology, but the mechanisms governing monocyte/macrophage differentiation remain unknown. This study examined the influence of hemolysis on circulating monocyte trajectories in SCD. We discovered that hemolysis stimulated CSF-1 production, partly by endothelial cells via Nrf2, promoting classical monocyte (CMo) differentiation into blood patrolling monocytes (PMo) in SCD mice. However, hemolysis also upregulated CCL-2 through IFN-I, inducing CMo transmigration and differentiation into tissue monocyte-derived macrophages. Blocking CMo transmigration by anti-P selectin antibody in SCD mice increased circulating PMo, corroborating that CMo-to-tissue macrophage differentiation occurs at the expense of CMo-to-blood PMo differentiation. We observed a positive correlation between plasma CSF-1/CCL-2 ratios and blood PMo levels in patients with SCD, underscoring the clinical significance of these two opposing factors in monocyte differentiation. Combined treatment with CSF-1 and anti-P selectin antibody more effectively increased PMo numbers and reduced stasis compared with single-agent therapies in SCD mice. Altogether, these data indicate that monocyte fates are regulated by the balance between two heme pathways, Nrf2/CSF-1 and IFN-I/CCL-2, and suggest that the CSF-1/CCL-2 ratio may present a diagnostic and therapeutic target in SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shan Su
- Laboratory of Complement Biology
| | | | | | | | - Kai Dou
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, and
| | - Patricia A. Shi
- Clinical Research in Sickle Cell Disease, New York Blood Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Banu Aygun
- Cohen Children’s Medical Center, New Hyde Park, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | - Sally Campbell-Lee
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | | | - Xiuli An
- Laboratory of Membrane Biology, New York Blood Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Deepa Manwani
- Department of Pediatrics, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Children’s Hospital at Montefiore, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hui Zhong
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, and
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20
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Zheng H, Cheng X, Jin L, Shan S, Yang J, Zhou J. Recent advances in strategies to target the behavior of macrophages in wound healing. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115199. [PMID: 37517288 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic wounds and scar formation are widespread due to limited suitable remedies. The macrophage is a crucial regulator in wound healing, controlling the onset and termination of inflammation and regulating other processes related to wound healing. The current breakthroughs in developing new medications and drug delivery methods have enabled the accurate targeting of macrophages in oncology and rheumatic disease therapies through clinical trials. These successes have cleared the way to utilize drugs targeting macrophages in various disorders. This review thus summarizes macrophage involvement in normal and pathologic wound healing. It further details the targets available for macrophage intervention and therapeutic strategies for targeting the behavior of macrophages in tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkun Zheng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinwei Cheng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Jin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengzhou Shan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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21
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Sehgal A, Carter-Cusack D, Keshvari S, Patkar O, Huang S, Summers KM, Hume DA, Irvine KM. Intraperitoneal transfer of wild-type bone marrow repopulates tissue macrophages in the Csf1r knockout rat without contributing to monocytopoiesis. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2250312. [PMID: 37059596 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Homozygous null mutation of the Csf1r gene (Csf1rko) in rats leads to the loss of most tissue macrophage populations and pleiotropic impacts on postnatal growth and organ maturation, leading to early mortality. The phenotype can be reversed by intraperitoneal transfer of WT BM cells (BMT) at weaning. Here, we used a Csf1r-mApple transgenic reporter to track the fate of donor-derived cells. Following BMT into Csf1rko recipients, mApple+ve cells restored IBA1+ tissue macrophage populations in every tissue. However, monocytes, neutrophils, and B cells in the BM, blood, and lymphoid tissues remained of recipient (mApple-ve ) origin. An mApple+ve cell population expanded in the peritoneal cavity and invaded locally in the mesentery, fat pads, omentum, and diaphragm. One week after BMT, distal organs contained foci of mApple+ve , IBA1-ve immature progenitors that appeared to proliferate, migrate, and differentiate locally. We conclude that rat BM contains progenitor cells that are able to restore, replace, and maintain all tissue macrophage populations in a Csf1rko rat directly without contributing to the BM progenitor or blood monocyte populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Sehgal
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Dylan Carter-Cusack
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sahar Keshvari
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Omkar Patkar
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Stephen Huang
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kim M Summers
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
| | - David A Hume
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Katharine M Irvine
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
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22
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Chen X, Li Y, Xia H, Chen YH. Monocytes in Tumorigenesis and Tumor Immunotherapy. Cells 2023; 12:1673. [PMID: 37443711 PMCID: PMC10340267 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocytes are highly plastic innate immune cells that display significant heterogeneity during homeostasis, inflammation, and tumorigenesis. Tumor-induced systemic and local microenvironmental changes influence the phenotype, differentiation, and distribution of monocytes. Meanwhile, monocytes and their related cell subsets perform an important regulatory role in the development of many cancers by affecting tumor growth or metastasis. Thanks to recent advances in single-cell technologies, the nature of monocyte heterogeneity and subset-specific functions have become increasingly clear, making it possible to systematically analyze subset-specific roles of monocytes in tumorigenesis. In this review, we discuss recent discoveries related to monocytes and tumorigenesis, and new strategies for tumor biomarker identification and anti-tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Houjun Xia
- Center for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen 518000, China; (X.C.); (Y.L.)
| | - Youhai H. Chen
- Center for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen 518000, China; (X.C.); (Y.L.)
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23
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Carbonaro M, Wang K, Huang H, Frleta D, Patel A, Pennington A, Desclaux M, Moller-Tank S, Grindley J, Altarejos J, Zhong J, Polites G, Poueymirou W, Jaspers S, Kyratsous C, Zambrowicz B, Murphy A, Lin JC, Macdonald LE, Daly C, Sleeman M, Thurston G, Li Z. IL-6-GP130 signaling protects human hepatocytes against lipid droplet accumulation in humanized liver models. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf4490. [PMID: 37058568 PMCID: PMC10104468 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf4490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Liver steatosis is an increasing health issue with few therapeutic options, partly because of a paucity of experimental models. In humanized liver rodent models, abnormal lipid accumulation in transplanted human hepatocytes occurs spontaneously. Here, we demonstrate that this abnormality is associated with compromised interleukin-6 (IL-6)-glycoprotein 130 (GP130) signaling in human hepatocytes because of incompatibility between host rodent IL-6 and human IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) on donor hepatocytes. Restoration of hepatic IL-6-GP130 signaling, through ectopic expression of rodent IL-6R, constitutive activation of GP130 in human hepatocytes, or humanization of an Il6 allele in recipient mice, substantially reduced hepatosteatosis. Notably, providing human Kupffer cells via hematopoietic stem cell engraftment in humanized liver mice also corrected the abnormality. Our observations suggest an important role of IL-6-GP130 pathway in regulating lipid accumulation in hepatocytes and not only provide a method to improve humanized liver models but also suggest therapeutic potential for manipulating GP130 signaling in human liver steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kehui Wang
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Hui Huang
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Davor Frleta
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Aditi Patel
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jun Zhong
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Greg Polites
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - John C. Lin
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Mark Sleeman
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | - Zhe Li
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
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24
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Zhong L, Lu J, Fang J, Yao L, Yu W, Gui T, Duffy M, Holdreith N, Bautista CA, Huang X, Bandyopadhyay S, Tan K, Chen C, Choi Y, Jiang JX, Yang S, Tong W, Dyment N, Qin L. Csf1 from marrow adipogenic precursors is required for osteoclast formation and hematopoiesis in bone. eLife 2023; 12:e82112. [PMID: 36779854 PMCID: PMC10005765 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Colony-stimulating factor 1 (Csf1) is an essential growth factor for osteoclast progenitors and an important regulator for bone resorption. It remains elusive which mesenchymal cells synthesize Csf1 to stimulate osteoclastogenesis. We recently identified a novel mesenchymal cell population, marrow adipogenic lineage precursors (MALPs), in bone. Compared to other mesenchymal subpopulations, MALPs expressed Csf1 at a much higher level and this expression was further increased during aging. To investigate its role, we constructed MALP-deficient Csf1 CKO mice using AdipoqCre. These mice had increased femoral trabecular bone mass, but their cortical bone appeared normal. In comparison, depletion of Csf1 in the entire mesenchymal lineage using Prrx1Cre led to a more striking high bone mass phenotype, suggesting that additional mesenchymal subpopulations secrete Csf1. TRAP staining revealed diminished osteoclasts in the femoral secondary spongiosa region of Csf1 CKOAdipoq mice, but not at the chondral-osseous junction nor at the endosteal surface of cortical bone. Moreover, Csf1 CKOAdipoq mice were resistant to LPS-induced calvarial osteolysis. Bone marrow cellularity, hematopoietic progenitors, and macrophages were also reduced in these mice. Taken together, our studies demonstrate that MALPs synthesize Csf1 to control bone remodeling and hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Zhong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Jiawei Lu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Jiankang Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Lutian Yao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Tao Gui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Institute of Orthopedic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Michael Duffy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Nicholas Holdreith
- Division of Hematology, Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Catherine A Bautista
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Xiaobin Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Shovik Bandyopadhyay
- Graduate Group in Cell and Molecular Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Kai Tan
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, The Children's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Chider Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Yongwon Choi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Jean X Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioUnited States
| | - Shuying Yang
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Wei Tong
- Division of Hematology, Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Nathanial Dyment
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
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25
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Heng H, Li D, Su W, Liu X, Yu D, Bian Z, Li J. Exploration of comorbidity mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets of rheumatoid arthritis and pigmented villonodular synovitis using machine learning and bioinformatics analysis. Front Genet 2023; 13:1095058. [PMID: 36685864 PMCID: PMC9853060 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1095058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease. Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a tenosynovial giant cell tumor that can involve joints. The mechanisms of co-morbidity between the two diseases have not been thoroughly explored. Therefore, this study focused on investigating the functions, immunological differences, and potential therapeutic targets of common genes between RA and PVNS. Methods: Through the dataset GSE3698 obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by R software, and weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to discover the modules most relevant to the clinical features. The common genes between the two diseases were identified. The molecular functions and biological processes of the common genes were analyzed. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING database, and the results were visualized in Cytoscape software. Two machine learning algorithms, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression and random forest (RF) were utilized to identify hub genes and predict the diagnostic efficiency of hub genes as well as the correlation between immune infiltrating cells. Results: We obtained a total of 107 DEGs, a module (containing 250 genes) with the highest correlation with clinical characteristics, and 36 common genes after taking the intersection. Moreover, using two machine learning algorithms, we identified three hub genes (PLIN, PPAP2A, and TYROBP) between RA and PVNS and demonstrated good diagnostic performance using ROC curve and nomogram plots. Single sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) was used to analyze the biological functions in which three genes were mostly engaged. Finally, three hub genes showed a substantial association with 28 immune infiltrating cells. Conclusion: PLIN, PPAP2A, and TYROBP may influence RA and PVNS by modulating immunity and contribute to the diagnosis and therapy of the two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongquan Heng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Dazhuang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wenxing Su
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College (China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital), Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Department of Radiology, Wangjiang Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Daojiang Yu
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College (China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital), Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Daojiang Yu, ; Zhengjun Bian, ; Jian Li,
| | - Zhengjun Bian
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Daojiang Yu, ; Zhengjun Bian, ; Jian Li,
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China,*Correspondence: Daojiang Yu, ; Zhengjun Bian, ; Jian Li,
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26
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Wen J, Wang S, Guo R, Liu D. CSF1R inhibitors are emerging immunotherapeutic drugs for cancer treatment. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 245:114884. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hume DA, Batoon L, Sehgal A, Keshvari S, Irvine KM. CSF1R as a Therapeutic Target in Bone Diseases: Obvious but Not so Simple. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2022; 20:516-531. [PMID: 36197652 PMCID: PMC9718875 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-022-00757-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of the review is to summarize the expression and function of CSF1R and its ligands in bone homeostasis and constraints on therapeutic targeting of this axis. RECENT FINDINGS Bone development and homeostasis depends upon interactions between mesenchymal cells and cells of the mononuclear phagocyte lineage (MPS), macrophages, and osteoclasts (OCL). The homeostatic interaction is mediated in part by the systemic and local production of growth factors, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF1), and interleukin 34 (IL34) that interact with a receptor (CSF1R) expressed exclusively by MPS cells and their progenitors. Loss-of-function mutations in CSF1 or CSF1R lead to loss of OCL and macrophages and dysregulation of postnatal bone development. MPS cells continuously degrade CSF1R ligands via receptor-mediated endocytosis. As a consequence, any local or systemic increase or decrease in macrophage or OCL abundance is rapidly reversible. In principle, both CSF1R agonists and antagonists have potential in bone regenerative medicine but their evaluation in disease models and therapeutic application needs to carefully consider the intrinsic feedback control of MPS biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Hume
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia.
| | - Lena Batoon
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Anuj Sehgal
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Sahar Keshvari
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Katharine M Irvine
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
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28
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Liu Y, Cai H, Guo X, Aierken A, Hua J, Ma B, Peng S. Melatonin alleviates heat stress-induced testicular damage in dairy goats by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. STRESS BIOLOGY 2022; 2:47. [PMID: 37676539 PMCID: PMC10441922 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-022-00068-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Current measures mainly focus on how melatonin reduces physiological heat stress in animals, but its effects on reproductive damage to male dairy goats have been neglected. This study aimed to determine the protective effect of melatonin on male reproduction during heat stress in dairy goats and to further explore its mechanisms. A natural heat stress model of Saanen dairy goats was used to assess testicular tissue damage 7 days after heat stress and to examine semen quality changes during a spermatogenic cycle. RNA-seq, Western blot, RT-qPCR, and immunofluorescence staining were used to explore the mechanism by which melatonin protects against heat stress-induced reproductive damage and to validate the results. The data suggested that melatonin significantly alleviated the heat stress-induced decrease in sperm quality, protected varicose tubule structure, reduced the levels of heat shock proteins and apoptotic proteins and protected the spermatocytes and round spermatozoa, which are mainly affected by heat stress. RNA-seq results suggest that melatonin inhibits the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, reduces the level of p-AKT, and promotes elevated BCL-2. In addition, melatonin treatment could upregulate the gene expression of MT2 which was downregulated by heat stress and improve the change in extracellular matrix components and restore serum testosterone levels. Our results suggest that melatonin can protect against testicular and spermatogenic cell damage and improve semen quality in male dairy goats under heat stress. This study provides an important reference for subsequent studies on the molecular mechanisms of melatonin in protecting male reproductive processes under heat stress and using exogenous melatonin to prevent heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yundie Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University of Science and Technology, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University of Science and Technology, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinrui Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University of Science and Technology, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Aili Aierken
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University of Science and Technology, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinlian Hua
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University of Science and Technology, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Baohua Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University of Science and Technology, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Sha Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University of Science and Technology, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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29
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Shesternya PA, Savchenko AA, Gritsenko OD, Vasileva AO, Kudryavtsev IV, Masterova AA, Isakov DV, Borisov AG. Features of Peripheral Blood Th-Cell Subset Composition and Serum Cytokine Level in Patients with Activity-Driven Ankylosing Spondylitis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15111370. [PMID: 36355542 PMCID: PMC9695783 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Th cells may exhibit pathological activity depending on the regulatory and functional signals sensed under a wide range of immunopathological conditions, including ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The relationship between Th cells and cytokines is important for diagnoses and for determining treatment. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Th-cell subset composition and serum cytokine profile for patients with activity-driven AS. In our study, patients were divided into two groups according to disease activity: low-activity AS (ASDAS-CRP < 2.1) and high-activity AS (ASDAS-CRP > 2.1). The peripheral blood Th cell subset composition was studied by flow cytometry. Using multiplex analysis, serum cytokine levels were quantified and investigated. It was found that only patients with high-activity AS had reduced central memory (CM) Th1 cells (p = 0.035) but elevated numbers of CM (p = 0.014) and effector memory (EM) Th2 cells (p < 0.001). However, no activity-driven change in the Th17 cell subset composition was observed in AS patients. Moreover, low-AS activity patients had increased numbers of Tfh17 EM cells (p < 0.001), whereas high-AS activity was associated with elevated Tfh2 EM level (p = 0.031). The serum cytokine profiles in AS patients demonstrated that cues stimulating cellular immunity were increased, but patients with high-AS activity reveled increased IL-5 level (p = 0.017). Analyzing the data obtained from AS patients allowed us to conclude that Th cell subset differentiation was mainly affected during the CM stage and characterized the IL-23/IL-17 regulatory axis, whereas increased humoral immunity was observed in the high-AS activity group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel A. Shesternya
- Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Andrei A. Savchenko
- Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center”, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Scientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Olga D. Gritsenko
- Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Alexandra O. Vasileva
- Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | | | - Alena A. Masterova
- Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center”, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Scientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Dmitry V. Isakov
- Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare, 197022 St. Peterburg, Russia
| | - Alexandr G. Borisov
- Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center”, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Scientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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30
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Li YF, Ren X, Zhang L, Wang YH, Chen T. Microglial polarization in TBI: Signaling pathways and influencing pharmaceuticals. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:901117. [PMID: 35978950 PMCID: PMC9376354 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.901117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious disease that threatens life and health of people. It poses a great economic burden on the healthcare system. Thus, seeking effective therapy to cure a patient with TBI is a matter of great urgency. Microglia are macrophages in the central nervous system (CNS) and play an important role in neuroinflammation. When TBI occurs, the human body environment changes dramatically and microglia polarize to one of two different phenotypes: M1 and M2. M1 microglia play a role in promoting the development of inflammation, while M2 microglia play a role in inhibiting inflammation. How to regulate the polarization direction of microglia is of great significance for the treatment of patients with TBI. The polarization of microglia involves many cellular signal transduction pathways, such as the TLR-4/NF-κB, JAK/STAT, HMGB1, MAPK, and PPAR-γ pathways. These provide a theoretical basis for us to seek therapeutic drugs for the patient with TBI. There are several drugs that target these pathways, including fingolimod, minocycline, Tak-242 and erythropoietin (EPO), and CSF-1. In this study, we will review signaling pathways involved in microglial polarization and medications that influence this process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yu-Hai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 904th Hospital of PLA, Medical School of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 904th Hospital of PLA, Medical School of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, China
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Sharon A, Erez H, Spira ME. Significant Sex Differences in the Efficacy of the CSF1R Inhibitor-PLX5622 on Rat Brain Microglia Elimination. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050569. [PMID: 35631395 PMCID: PMC9145577 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia play pivotal roles in central nervous system development, homeostasis, responses to trauma, and neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders with significant sex-bias in their symptoms and prevalence. Survival of the microglia in adult brains depends on the expression of the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R). The inhibition of CSF1R by brain-permeant PLX5622 in the chow eliminates, within 5–10 days, ~90% of the microglia in female and male mice, thereby enabling the investigation of the roles of the microglia in health and pathological mice models. Because of a prevailing “impression” that PLX5622 is ineffective in rats, it has hardly been used in studies of adult rats. Here, we report that effective microglia elimination by PLX5622-chow in rats is highly sex-dependent. Our observations provide missing information for the limited use and interpretation of PLX5622 in biomedical studies of the microglia in rat models. The sex differences that are too often overlooked must be carefully considered and clearly emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviv Sharon
- Department of Neurobiology, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel; (A.S.); (H.E.)
- The Charles E. Smith Family and Joel Elkes Laboratory for Collaborative Research in Psychobiology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Hadas Erez
- Department of Neurobiology, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel; (A.S.); (H.E.)
- The Charles E. Smith Family and Joel Elkes Laboratory for Collaborative Research in Psychobiology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Micha E. Spira
- Department of Neurobiology, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel; (A.S.); (H.E.)
- The Charles E. Smith Family and Joel Elkes Laboratory for Collaborative Research in Psychobiology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- Correspondence:
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