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Shen Z, Wu Y, Manna A, Yi C, Cairns BR, Evason KJ, Chandrasekharan MB, Tantin D. Oct4 redox sensitivity potentiates reprogramming and differentiation. Genes Dev 2024; 38:308-321. [PMID: 38719541 PMCID: PMC11146590 DOI: 10.1101/gad.351411.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The transcription factor Oct4/Pou5f1 is a component of the regulatory circuitry governing pluripotency and is widely used to induce pluripotency from somatic cells. Here we used domain swapping and mutagenesis to study Oct4's reprogramming ability, identifying a redox-sensitive DNA binding domain, cysteine residue (Cys48), as a key determinant of reprogramming and differentiation. Oct4 Cys48 sensitizes the protein to oxidative inhibition of DNA binding activity and promotes oxidation-mediated protein ubiquitylation. Pou5f1 C48S point mutation has little effect on undifferentiated embryonic stem cells (ESCs) but upon retinoic acid (RA) treatment causes retention of Oct4 expression, deregulated gene expression, and aberrant differentiation. Pou5f1 C48S ESCs also form less differentiated teratomas and contribute poorly to adult somatic tissues. Finally, we describe Pou5f1 C48S (Janky) mice, which in the homozygous condition are severely developmentally restricted after E4.5. Rare animals bypassing this restriction appear normal at birth but are sterile. Collectively, these findings uncover a novel Oct4 redox mechanism involved in both entry into and exit from pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuolian Shen
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Yifan Wu
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Asit Manna
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Chongil Yi
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Bradley R Cairns
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Kimberley J Evason
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Mahesh B Chandrasekharan
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Dean Tantin
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA;
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
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2
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Kunitomi A, Hirohata R, Osawa M, Washizu K, Arreola V, Saiki N, Kato TM, Nomura M, Kunitomi H, Ohkame T, Ohkame Y, Kawaguchi J, Hara H, Kusano K, Yamamoto T, Takashima Y, Tohyama S, Yuasa S, Fukuda K, Takasu N, Yamanaka S. H1FOO-DD promotes efficiency and uniformity in reprogramming to naive pluripotency. Stem Cell Reports 2024; 19:710-728. [PMID: 38701780 PMCID: PMC11103934 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneity among both primed and naive pluripotent stem cell lines remains a major unresolved problem. Here we show that expressing the maternal-specific linker histone H1FOO fused to a destabilizing domain (H1FOO-DD), together with OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and LMYC, in human somatic cells improves the quality of reprogramming to both primed and naive pluripotency. H1FOO-DD expression was associated with altered chromatin accessibility around pluripotency genes and with suppression of the innate immune response. Notably, H1FOO-DD generates naive induced pluripotent stem cells with lower variation in transcriptome and methylome among clones and a more uniform and superior differentiation potency. Furthermore, we elucidated that upregulation of FKBP1A, driven by these five factors, plays a key role in H1FOO-DD-mediated reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Kunitomi
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Ryoko Hirohata
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; CiRA Foundation, Kyoto 606-8397, Japan
| | - Mitsujiro Osawa
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kaho Washizu
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Vanessa Arreola
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Norikazu Saiki
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tomoaki M Kato
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; CiRA Foundation, Kyoto 606-8397, Japan
| | - Masaki Nomura
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; CiRA Foundation, Kyoto 606-8397, Japan
| | - Haruko Kunitomi
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Tokiko Ohkame
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ohkame
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Medical-risk Avoidance Based on iPS Cells Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project (AIP), Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Takashima
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shugo Tohyama
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Yuasa
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Keiichi Fukuda
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Naoko Takasu
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; CiRA Foundation, Kyoto 606-8397, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamanaka
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; CiRA Foundation, Kyoto 606-8397, Japan; Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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3
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Shen Z, Wu Y, Mana A, Yi C, Cairns B, Evason KJ, Chandrasekharan MB, Tantin D. Oct4 redox sensitivity potentiates reprogramming and differentiation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.02.21.529404. [PMID: 36865286 PMCID: PMC9980064 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.21.529404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor Oct4/Pou5f1 is a component of the regulatory circuitry governing pluripotency and is widely used to induce pluripotency from somatic cells. Here we use domain swapping and mutagenesis to study Oct4s reprogramming ability, identifying a redox-sensitive DNA binding domain cysteine residue (Cys48) as a key determinant of reprogramming and differentiation. Oct4 Cys48 sensitizes the protein to oxidative inhibition of DNA binding activity and promotes oxidation-mediated protein ubiquitylation. Pou5f1C48S point mutation has little effect on undifferentiated embryonic stem cells (ESCs), but upon retinoic acid (RA) treatment causes retention of Oct4 expression, deregulated gene expression and aberrant differentiation. Pou5f1C48S ESCs also form less differentiated teratomas and contribute poorly to adult somatic tissues. Finally, we describe Pou5f1C48S (Janky) mice, which in the homozygous condition are severely developmentally restricted after E4.5. Rare animals bypassing this restriction appear normal at birth but are sterile. Collectively, these findings uncover a novel Oct4 redox mechanism involved in both entry into and exit from pluripotency.
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4
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Benarroch L, Madsen-Østerbye J, Abdelhalim M, Mamchaoui K, Ohana J, Bigot A, Mouly V, Bonne G, Bertrand AT, Collas P. Cellular and Genomic Features of Muscle Differentiation from Isogenic Fibroblasts and Myoblasts. Cells 2023; 12:1995. [PMID: 37566074 PMCID: PMC10417614 DOI: 10.3390/cells12151995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to recapitulate muscle differentiation in vitro enables the exploration of mechanisms underlying myogenesis and muscle diseases. However, obtaining myoblasts from patients with neuromuscular diseases or from healthy subjects poses ethical and procedural challenges that limit such investigations. An alternative consists in converting skin fibroblasts into myogenic cells by forcing the expression of the myogenic regulator MYOD. Here, we directly compared cellular phenotype, transcriptome, and nuclear lamina-associated domains (LADs) in myo-converted human fibroblasts and myotubes differentiated from myoblasts. We used isogenic cells from a 16-year-old donor, ruling out, for the first time to our knowledge, genetic factors as a source of variations between the two myogenic models. We show that myo-conversion of fibroblasts upregulates genes controlling myogenic pathways leading to multinucleated cells expressing muscle cell markers. However, myotubes are more advanced in myogenesis than myo-converted fibroblasts at the phenotypic and transcriptomic levels. While most LADs are shared between the two cell types, each also displays unique domains of lamin A/C interactions. Furthermore, myotube-specific LADs are more gene-rich and less heterochromatic than shared LADs or LADs unique to myo-converted fibroblasts, and they uniquely sequester developmental genes. Thus, myo-converted fibroblasts and myotubes retain cell type-specific features of radial and functional genome organization. Our results favor a view of myo-converted fibroblasts as a practical model to investigate the phenotypic and genomic properties of muscle cell differentiation in normal and pathological contexts, but also highlight current limitations in using fibroblasts as a source of myogenic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Benarroch
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, 75013 Paris, France; (L.B.); (K.M.); (J.O.); (A.B.); (V.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Julia Madsen-Østerbye
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway; (J.M.-Ø.); (M.A.)
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Mohamed Abdelhalim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway; (J.M.-Ø.); (M.A.)
| | - Kamel Mamchaoui
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, 75013 Paris, France; (L.B.); (K.M.); (J.O.); (A.B.); (V.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Jessica Ohana
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, 75013 Paris, France; (L.B.); (K.M.); (J.O.); (A.B.); (V.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Anne Bigot
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, 75013 Paris, France; (L.B.); (K.M.); (J.O.); (A.B.); (V.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Vincent Mouly
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, 75013 Paris, France; (L.B.); (K.M.); (J.O.); (A.B.); (V.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Gisèle Bonne
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, 75013 Paris, France; (L.B.); (K.M.); (J.O.); (A.B.); (V.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Anne T. Bertrand
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, 75013 Paris, France; (L.B.); (K.M.); (J.O.); (A.B.); (V.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Philippe Collas
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway; (J.M.-Ø.); (M.A.)
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, 0372 Oslo, Norway
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5
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Zare M, Mirhoseini SZ, Ghovvati S, Yakhkeshi S, Hesaraki M, Barati M, Sayyahpour FA, Baharvand H, Hassani SN. The constitutively active pSMAD2/3 relatively improves the proliferation of chicken primordial germ cells. Mol Reprod Dev 2023. [PMID: 37379342 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
In many multicellular organisms, mature gametes originate from primordial germ cells (PGCs). Improvements in the culture of PGCs are important not only for developmental biology research, but also for preserving endangered species, and for genome editing and transgenic animal technologies. SMAD2/3 appear to be powerful regulators of gene expression; however, their potential positive impact on the regulation of PGC proliferation has not been taken into consideration. Here, the effect of TGF-β signaling as the upstream activator of SMAD2/3 transcription factors was evaluated on chicken PGCs' proliferation. For this, chicken PGCs at stages 26-28 Hamburger-Hamilton were obtained from the embryonic gonadal regions and cultured on different feeders or feeder-free substrates. The results showed that TGF-β signaling agonists (IDE1 and Activin-A) improved PGC proliferation to some extent while treatment with SB431542, the antagonist of TGF-β, disrupted PGCs' proliferation. However, the transfection of PGCs with constitutively active SMAD2/3 (SMAD2/3CA) resulted in improved PGC proliferation for more than 5 weeks. The results confirmed the interactions between overexpressed SMAD2/3CA and pluripotency-associated genes NANOG, OCT4, and SOX2. According to the results, the application of SMAD2/3CA could represent a step toward achieving an efficient expansion of avian PGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masumeh Zare
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, Guilan, Iran
| | | | - Shahrokh Ghovvati
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, Guilan, Iran
| | - Saeed Yakhkeshi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Hesaraki
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojgan Barati
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Forough Azam Sayyahpour
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh-Nafiseh Hassani
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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6
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Perovanovic J, Wu Y, Abewe H, Shen Z, Hughes EP, Gertz J, Chandrasekharan MB, Tantin D. Oct1 cooperates with the Smad family of transcription factors to promote mesodermal lineage specification. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eadd5750. [PMID: 37071732 PMCID: PMC10360295 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.add5750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
The transition between pluripotent and tissue-specific states is a key aspect of development. Understanding the pathways driving these transitions will facilitate the engineering of properly differentiated cells for experimental and therapeutic uses. Here, we showed that during mesoderm differentiation, the transcription factor Oct1 activated developmental lineage-appropriate genes that were silent in pluripotent cells. Using mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) with an inducible knockout of Oct1, we showed that Oct1 deficiency resulted in poor induction of mesoderm-specific genes, leading to impaired mesodermal and terminal muscle differentiation. Oct1-deficient cells exhibited poor temporal coordination of the induction of lineage-specific genes and showed inappropriate developmental lineage branching, resulting in poorly differentiated cell states retaining epithelial characteristics. In ESCs, Oct1 localized with the pluripotency factor Oct4 at mesoderm-associated genes and remained bound to those loci during differentiation after the dissociation of Oct4. Binding events for Oct1 overlapped with those for the histone lysine demethylase Utx, and an interaction between Oct1 and Utx suggested that these two proteins cooperate to activate gene expression. The specificity of the ubiquitous Oct1 for the induction of mesodermal genes could be partially explained by the frequent coexistence of Smad and Oct binding sites at mesoderm-specific genes and the cooperative stimulation of mesodermal gene transcription by Oct1 and Smad3. Together, these results identify Oct1 as a key mediator of mesoderm lineage-specific gene induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Perovanovic
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Yifan Wu
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Hosiana Abewe
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Zuolian Shen
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Erik P. Hughes
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jason Gertz
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Mahesh B. Chandrasekharan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Dean Tantin
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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Chen J, Huang L, Yang Y, Xu W, Qin Q, Qin R, Liang X, Lai X, Huang X, Xie M, Chen L. Somatic Cell Reprogramming for Nervous System Diseases: Techniques, Mechanisms, Potential Applications, and Challenges. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13030524. [PMID: 36979334 PMCID: PMC10046178 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13030524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Nervous system diseases present significant challenges to the neuroscience community due to ethical and practical constraints that limit access to appropriate research materials. Somatic cell reprogramming has been proposed as a novel way to obtain neurons. Various emerging techniques have been used to reprogram mature and differentiated cells into neurons. This review provides an overview of somatic cell reprogramming for neurological research and therapy, focusing on neural reprogramming and generating different neural cell types. We examine the mechanisms involved in reprogramming and the challenges that arise. We herein summarize cell reprogramming strategies to generate neurons, including transcription factors, small molecules, and microRNAs, with a focus on different types of cells.. While reprogramming somatic cells into neurons holds the potential for understanding neurological diseases and developing therapeutic applications, its limitations and risks must be carefully considered. Here, we highlight the potential benefits of somatic cell reprogramming for neurological disease research and therapy. This review contributes to the field by providing a comprehensive overview of the various techniques used to generate neurons by cellular reprogramming and discussing their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafeng Chen
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Lijuan Huang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Qingchun Qin
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Rongxing Qin
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiaojun Liang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xinyu Lai
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiaoying Huang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Minshan Xie
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Nanning 530021, China
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8
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B1 SINE-binding ZFP266 impedes mouse iPSC generation through suppression of chromatin opening mediated by reprogramming factors. Nat Commun 2023; 14:488. [PMID: 36717582 PMCID: PMC9887000 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36097-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) reprogramming is inefficient and understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying this inefficiency holds the key to successfully control cellular identity. Here, we report 24 reprogramming roadblock genes identified by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome-wide knockout (KO) screening. Of these, depletion of the predicted KRAB zinc finger protein (KRAB-ZFP) Zfp266 strongly and consistently enhances murine iPSC generation in several reprogramming settings, emerging as the most robust roadblock. We show that ZFP266 binds Short Interspersed Nuclear Elements (SINEs) adjacent to binding sites of pioneering factors, OCT4 (POU5F1), SOX2, and KLF4, and impedes chromatin opening. Replacing the KRAB co-suppressor with co-activator domains converts ZFP266 from an inhibitor to a potent facilitator of iPSC reprogramming. We propose that the SINE-KRAB-ZFP interaction is a critical regulator of chromatin accessibility at regulatory elements required for efficient cellular identity changes. In addition, this work serves as a resource to further illuminate molecular mechanisms hindering reprogramming.
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9
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Costa A, Powell LM, Malaguti M, Soufi A, Lowell S, Jarman AP. Repurposing the lineage-determining transcription factor Atoh1 without redistributing its genomic binding sites. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1016367. [PMID: 36420143 PMCID: PMC9676683 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1016367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the lineage-determining ability of transcription factors is often modulated according to cellular context, the mechanisms by which such switching occurs are not well known. Using a transcriptional programming model, we found that Atoh1 is repurposed from a neuronal to an inner ear hair cell (HC) determinant by the combined activities of Gfi1 and Pou4f3. In this process, Atoh1 maintains its regulation of neuronal genes but gains ability to regulate HC genes. Pou4f3 enables Atoh1 access to genomic locations controlling the expression of sensory (including HC) genes, but Atoh1 + Pou4f3 are not sufficient for HC differentiation. Gfi1 is key to the Atoh1-induced lineage switch, but surprisingly does not alter Atoh1's binding profile. Gfi1 acts in two divergent ways. It represses the induction by Atoh1 of genes that antagonise HC differentiation, a function in keeping with its well-known repressor role in haematopoiesis. Remarkably, we find that Gfi1 also acts as a co-activator: it binds directly to Atoh1 at existing target genes to enhance its activity. These findings highlight the diversity of mechanisms by which one TF can redirect the activity of another to enable combinatorial control of cell identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Costa
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Lynn M. Powell
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Mattias Malaguti
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Abdenour Soufi
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sally Lowell
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew P. Jarman
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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10
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Wu Y, Zhang D, Ye S, Liu Q, Huang B. Parabolic relationship between SMAD3 expression level and the reprogramming efficiency of goat induced mammary epithelial cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1002874. [PMID: 36313568 PMCID: PMC9614088 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1002874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammary epithelial cells are the only cells of mammary glands with lactation capacity. They are closely related to mammary development and milk yield. Our earlier studies showed that the transformation of goat fibroblasts into induced mammary epithelial cells (iMECs) was closely correlated with SMAD3 overexpression. Therefore, we further explored the role of SMAD3 on iMECs reprogramming in this study. The SMAD3 gene was overexpressed in goat ear fibroblasts using the tetracycline-induced expression method. The outcomes demonstrated that goat ear fibroblasts can be converted into iMECs by overexpressing the SMAD3 gene. In contrast, it was discovered that SMAD3 downregulation by RNA interference significantly decrease the reprogramming efficiency of iMECs. These results show that SMAD3 plays a key regulatory role in the reprogramming of iMECs. Surprisingly, we also found a parabolic relationship between SMAD3 expression level and iMECs reprogramming efficiency, and that the reprogramming efficiency was maximum when the addition of doxycycline concentration was 5 μg/ml. In light of this, our findings may offer new perspectives on the regulatory mechanism governing mammary epithelial cell fate in goats as well as a fresh approach to studying mammary development and differentiation in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulian Wu
- Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-8 Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Sheng Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-8 Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Quanhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-8 Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Ben Huang
- Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-8 Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- *Correspondence: Ben Huang, ,
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11
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Zhou X, Franklin RA, Adler M, Carter TS, Condiff E, Adams TS, Pope SD, Philip NH, Meizlish ML, Kaminski N, Medzhitov R. Microenvironmental sensing by fibroblasts controls macrophage population size. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2205360119. [PMID: 35930670 PMCID: PMC9371703 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2205360119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal tissues comprise diverse cell types. However, the mechanisms controlling the number of each cell type within tissue compartments remain poorly understood. Here, we report that different cell types utilize distinct strategies to control population numbers. Proliferation of fibroblasts, stromal cells important for tissue integrity, is limited by space availability. In contrast, proliferation of macrophages, innate immune cells involved in defense, repair, and homeostasis, is constrained by growth factor availability. Examination of density-dependent gene expression in fibroblasts revealed that Hippo and TGF-β target genes are both regulated by cell density. We found YAP1, the transcriptional coactivator of the Hippo signaling pathway, directly regulates expression of Csf1, the lineage-specific growth factor for macrophages, through an enhancer of Csf1 that is specifically active in fibroblasts. Activation of YAP1 in fibroblasts elevates Csf1 expression and is sufficient to increase the number of macrophages at steady state. Our data also suggest that expression programs in fibroblasts that change with density may result from sensing of mechanical force through actin-dependent mechanisms. Altogether, we demonstrate that two different modes of population control are connected and coordinated to regulate cell numbers of distinct cell types. Sensing of the tissue environment may serve as a general strategy to control tissue composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhou
- aDepartment of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Ruth A. Franklin
- aDepartment of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Miri Adler
- bBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142
| | - Trevor S. Carter
- cDepartment of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Emily Condiff
- aDepartment of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Taylor S. Adams
- dPulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Scott D. Pope
- aDepartment of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
- eHHMI, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Naomi H. Philip
- aDepartment of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Matthew L. Meizlish
- aDepartment of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- dPulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Ruslan Medzhitov
- aDepartment of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
- eHHMI, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
- 5To whom correspondence may be addressed.
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12
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Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Isoform 1 Predicts a Poor Prognosis of Acute Cerebral Infarction. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:8199917. [PMID: 35909581 PMCID: PMC9307396 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8199917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the prognostic potential of serum aldehyde dehydrogenase isoform 1 (ALDH1) level in acute cerebral infarction, and the molecular mechanism in mediating neurological deficits, a total of 120 acute cerebral infarction cases within 72 h of onset were retrospectively analyzed. Serum ALDH1 level in them was detected by qRT-PCR. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and Kaplan–Meier curves were depicted for assessing the diagnostic and prognostic potentials of ALDH1 in acute cerebral infarction, respectively. An in vivo acute cerebral infarction model in rats was established by performing MCAO, followed by evaluation of neurological deficits using mNSS and detection of relative levels of ALDH1, Smad2, Smad4, and p21 in rat brain tissues. Pearson's correlation test was carried out to verify the correlation between ALDH1 and mNSS and relative levels of Smad2, Smad4, and p21. Serum ALDH1 level increased in acute cerebral infarction patients. A high level of ALDH1 predicted a poor prognosis of acute cerebral infarction patients. In addition, ALDH1 was sensitive and specific in distinguishing acute cerebral infarction cases, presenting a certain diagnostic potential. mNSS was remarkably higher in acute cerebral infarction rats than that of controls. Compared with sham operation group, relative levels of ALDH1, Smad2, and Smad4 were higher in brain tissues of modeling rats, whilst p21 level was lower. ALDH1 level in brain tissues of modeling rats was positively correlated to mNSS, and mRNA levels of Smad2 and Smad4, but negatively correlated to p21 level. Serum ALDH1 level is a promising prognostic and diagnostic factor of acute cerebral infarction, which is correlated to 90-day mortality. Increased level of ALDH1 in the brain of cerebral infarction rats is closely linked to neurological function, which is associated with the small mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad) signaling and p21.
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13
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Zheng X, Chen J, Nan T, Zheng L, Lan J, Jin X, Cai Y, Liu H, Chen W. FAM198B promotes colorectal cancer progression by regulating the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages via the SMAD2 signaling pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:12435-12445. [PMID: 35587159 PMCID: PMC9276016 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2075300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promote the progression of CRC, but the mechanism is not completely clear. The present study aimed to reveal the expression and function of FAM198B in TAMs, and the role of FAM198B in mediating macrophage polarization in CRC. The role of FAM198B in macrophage activity, cell cycle, and angiogenesis was evaluated by CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, and vasculogenic mimicry assay. The effects of FAM198B on macrophage polarization were determined by flow cytometry. The function of FAM198B-mediated macrophage polarization on CRC progression was evaluated by transwell assays. Bioinformatic analyses and rescue assays were performed to identify biological functions and signaling pathways involved in FAM198B regulation of macrophage polarization. Increased FAM198B expression in TAMs is negatively associated with poor CRC prognosis. Functional assays showed that FAM198B promotes M2 macrophage polarization, which leads to CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Mechanistically, FAM198B regulates the M2 polarization of macrophages by targeting SMAD2, identifying the SMAD2 pathway as a mechanism by which FAM198B promotes CRC progression through regulating macrophage polarization. These findings provide a possible molecular mechanism for FAM198B in TAMs in CRC and suggest that FAM198B may be a novel therapeutic target in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Combining Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiabin Chen
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Combining Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tianhao Nan
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Zheng
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Combining Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiahua Lan
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Combining Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoqin Jin
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Cai
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Combining Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Combining Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Combining Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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14
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Induction of functional neutrophils from mouse fibroblasts by thymidine through enhancement of Tet3 activity. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:619-633. [PMID: 35301470 PMCID: PMC9061759 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-022-00842-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are derived from bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and are the largest population among circulating white blood cells in humans, acting as the first line of defense against invading pathogens. Whether neutrophils can be generated by transdifferentiation strategies is unknown. Here, we show that thymidine induces the conversion of mouse fibroblasts to neutrophils. Induced neutrophils (iNeus) showed antibacterial effects and did not undergo malignant transformation in vivo. Importantly, iNeu transplantation cured neutropenia in mice in vivo. Mechanistically, thymidine mediates iNeu conversion by enhancing Tet3 activity. Tet3 initiates the expression of the neutrophil fate decision factors Cebpδ and Rfx1 that drive the transdifferentiation of mouse fibroblasts to neutrophils. Therefore, the induction of functional neutrophils by chemicals may provide a potential therapeutic strategy for patients with neutropenia patients and infectious diseases.Fibroblasts; Neutrophils; Thymidine; Transdifferentiation; Tet3.
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15
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In the spotlight: the role of TGFβ signalling in haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell emergence. Biochem Soc Trans 2022; 50:703-712. [PMID: 35285494 PMCID: PMC9162451 DOI: 10.1042/bst20210363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) sustain haematopoiesis by generating precise numbers of mature blood cells throughout the lifetime of an individual. In vertebrates, HSPCs arise during embryonic development from a specialised endothelial cell population, the haemogenic endothelium (HE). Signalling by the Transforming Growth Factor β (TGFβ) pathway is key to regulate haematopoiesis in the adult bone marrow, but evidence for a role in the formation of HSPCs has only recently started to emerge. In this review, we examine recent work in various model systems that demonstrate a key role for TGFβ signalling in HSPC emergence from the HE. The current evidence underpins two seemingly contradictory views of TGFβ function: as a negative regulator of HSPCs by limiting haematopoietic output from HE, and as a positive regulator, by programming the HE towards the haematopoietic fate. Understanding how to modulate the requirement for TGFβ signalling in HSC emergence may have critical implications for the generation of these cells in vitro for therapeutic use.
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16
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Kaji K, Pereira CF. Reprogramming Stars #3: Mechanisms of iPSC Reprogramming-An Interview with Dr. Keisuke Kaji. Cell Reprogram 2021; 23:264-269. [PMID: 34525313 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2021.29046.kk] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Kaji
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Carlos-Filipe Pereira
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Centre, Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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17
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Chu X, Wang J. Microscopic Chromosomal Structural and Dynamical Origin of Cell Differentiation and Reprogramming. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2001572. [PMID: 33101859 PMCID: PMC7578896 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As an essential and fundamental process of life, cell development involves large-scale reorganization of the 3D genome architecture, which forms the basis of gene regulation. Here, a landscape-switching model is developed to explore the microscopic chromosomal structural origin of embryonic stem cell (ESC) differentiation and somatic cell reprogramming. It is shown that chromosome structure exhibits significant compartment-switching in the unit of topologically associating domain. It is found that the chromosome during differentiation undergoes monotonic compaction with spatial repositioning of active and inactive chromosomal loci toward the chromosome surface and interior, respectively. In contrast, an overexpanded chromosome, which exhibits universal localization of loci at the chromosomal surface with erasing the structural characteristics formed in the somatic cells, is observed during reprogramming. An early distinct differentiation pathway from the ESC to the terminally differentiated cell, giving rise to early bifurcation on the Waddington landscape for the ESC differentiation is suggested. The theoretical model herein including the non-equilibrium effects, draws a picture of the highly irreversible cell differentiation and reprogramming processes, in line with the experiments. The predictions provide a physical understanding of cell differentiation and reprogramming from the chromosomal structural and dynamical perspective and can be tested by future experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiakun Chu
- Department of ChemistryState University of New York at Stony BrookStony BrookNY11794USA
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of ChemistryState University of New York at Stony BrookStony BrookNY11794USA
- Department of Physics and AstronomyState University of New York at Stony BrookStony BrookNY11794USA
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18
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Coactivation of NF-κB and Notch signaling is sufficient to induce B-cell transformation and enables B-myeloid conversion. Blood 2020; 135:108-120. [PMID: 31697816 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019001438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
NF-κB and Notch signaling can be simultaneously activated in a variety of B-cell lymphomas. Patients with B-cell lymphoma occasionally develop clonally related myeloid tumors with poor prognosis. Whether concurrent activation of both pathways is sufficient to induce B-cell transformation and whether the signaling initiates B-myeloid conversion in a pathological context are largely unknown. Here, we provide genetic evidence that concurrent activation of NF-κB and Notch signaling in committed B cells is sufficient to induce B-cell lymphomatous transformation and primes common progenitor cells to convert to myeloid lineage through dedifferentiation, not transdifferentiation. Intriguingly, the converted myeloid cells can further transform, albeit at low frequency, into myeloid leukemia. Mechanistically, coactivation of NF-κB and Notch signaling endows committed B cells with the ability to self renew. Downregulation of BACH2, a lymphoma and myeloid gene suppressor, but not upregulation of CEBPα and/or downregulation of B-cell transcription factors, is an early event in both B-cell transformation and myeloid conversion. Interestingly, a DNA hypomethylating drug not only effectively eliminated the converted myeloid leukemia cells, but also restored the expression of green fluorescent protein, which had been lost in converted myeloid leukemia cells. Collectively, our results suggest that targeting NF-κB and Notch signaling will not only improve lymphoma treatment, but also prevent the lymphoma-to-myeloid tumor conversion. Importantly, DNA hypomethylating drugs might efficiently treat these converted myeloid neoplasms.
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19
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Senft AD, Costello I, King HW, Mould AW, Bikoff EK, Robertson EJ. Combinatorial Smad2/3 Activities Downstream of Nodal Signaling Maintain Embryonic/Extra-Embryonic Cell Identities during Lineage Priming. Cell Rep 2020; 24:1977-1985.e7. [PMID: 30134160 PMCID: PMC6113931 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Epiblast cells in the early post-implantation stage mammalian embryo undergo a transition described as lineage priming before cell fate allocation, but signaling pathways acting upstream remain ill defined. Genetic studies demonstrate that Smad2/3 double-mutant mouse embryos die shortly after implantation. To learn more about the molecular disturbances underlying this abrupt failure, here we characterized Smad2/3-deficient embryonic stem cells (ESCs). We found that Smad2/3 double-knockout ESCs induced to form epiblast-like cells (EpiLCs) display changes in naive and primed pluripotency marker gene expression, associated with the disruption of Oct4-bound distal regulatory elements. In the absence of Smad2/3, we observed enhanced Bmp target gene expression and de-repression of extra-embryonic gene expression. Cell fate allocation into all three embryonic germ layers is disrupted. Collectively, these experiments demonstrate that combinatorial Smad2/3 functional activities are required to maintain distinct embryonic and/or extra-embryonic cell identity during lineage priming in the epiblast before gastrulation. Smad2/3 alters the transcriptome and activity of distal regulatory elements in EpiLCs Smad2 prevents expression of extra-embryonic genes during priming and differentiation Smad2/3 is essential for mesoderm and definitive endoderm cell fate allocation Smad2/3 signaling balances Bmp signaling during neural precursor differentiation
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna D Senft
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Ita Costello
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Hamish W King
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Arne W Mould
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Elizabeth K Bikoff
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
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20
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HORISAWA K, SUZUKI A. Direct cell-fate conversion of somatic cells: Toward regenerative medicine and industries. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2020; 96:131-158. [PMID: 32281550 PMCID: PMC7247973 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.96.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cells of multicellular organisms have diverse characteristics despite having the same genetic identity. The distinctive phenotype of each cell is determined by molecular mechanisms such as epigenetic changes that occur throughout the lifetime of an individual. Recently, technologies that enable modification of the fate of somatic cells have been developed, and the number of studies using these technologies has increased drastically in the last decade. Various cell types, including neuronal cells, cardiomyocytes, and hepatocytes, have been generated using these technologies. Although most direct reprogramming methods employ forced transduction of a defined sets of transcription factors to reprogram cells in a manner similar to induced pluripotent cell technology, many other strategies, such as methods utilizing chemical compounds and microRNAs to change the fate of somatic cells, have also been developed. In this review, we summarize transcription factor-based reprogramming and various other reprogramming methods. Additionally, we describe the various industrial applications of direct reprogramming technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi HORISAWA
- Division of Organogenesis and Regeneration, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Atsushi SUZUKI
- Division of Organogenesis and Regeneration, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Correspondence should be addressed: A. Suzuki, Division of Organogenesis and Regeneration, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan (e-mail: )
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21
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Mayer D, Stadler MB, Rittirsch M, Hess D, Lukonin I, Winzi M, Smith A, Buchholz F, Betschinger J. Zfp281 orchestrates interconversion of pluripotent states by engaging Ehmt1 and Zic2. EMBO J 2019; 39:e102591. [PMID: 31782544 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019102591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental cell fate specification is a unidirectional process that can be reverted in response to injury or experimental reprogramming. Whether differentiation and de-differentiation trajectories intersect mechanistically is unclear. Here, we performed comparative screening in lineage-related mouse naïve embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and primed epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs), and identified the constitutively expressed zinc finger transcription factor (TF) Zfp281 as a bidirectional regulator of cell state interconversion. We showed that subtle chromatin binding changes in differentiated cells translate into activation of the histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) methyltransferase Ehmt1 and stabilization of the zinc finger TF Zic2 at enhancers and promoters. Genetic gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments confirmed a critical role of Ehmt1 and Zic2 downstream of Zfp281 both in driving exit from the ESC state and in restricting reprogramming of EpiSCs. Our study reveals that cell type-invariant chromatin association of Zfp281 provides an interaction platform for remodeling the cis-regulatory network underlying cellular plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Mayer
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.,Faculty of Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael B Stadler
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Rittirsch
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Hess
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ilya Lukonin
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.,Faculty of Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maria Winzi
- Medical Systems Biology, UCC, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Austin Smith
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Frank Buchholz
- Medical Systems Biology, UCC, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Joerg Betschinger
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
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22
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Birtele M, Sharma Y, Kidnapillai S, Lau S, Stoker TB, Barker RA, Rylander Ottosson D, Drouin‐Ouellet J, Parmar M. Dual modulation of neuron‐specific microRNAs and the REST complex promotes functional maturation of human adult induced neurons. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:3370-3380. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Birtele
- Department of Experimental Medical Science Wallenberg Neuroscience Center Division of Neurobiology Lund Stem Cell Center Lund University Sweden
| | - Yogita Sharma
- Department of Experimental Medical Science Wallenberg Neuroscience Center Division of Neurobiology Lund Stem Cell Center Lund University Sweden
| | | | - Shong Lau
- Department of Experimental Medical Science Wallenberg Neuroscience Center Division of Neurobiology Lund Stem Cell Center Lund University Sweden
| | - Thomas B. Stoker
- Department of Experimental Medical Science Wallenberg Neuroscience Center Division of Neurobiology Lund Stem Cell Center Lund University Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and WT‐MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute University of Cambridge UK
| | - Roger A. Barker
- Department of Experimental Medical Science Wallenberg Neuroscience Center Division of Neurobiology Lund Stem Cell Center Lund University Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and WT‐MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute University of Cambridge UK
| | - Daniella Rylander Ottosson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science Wallenberg Neuroscience Center Division of Neurobiology Lund Stem Cell Center Lund University Sweden
- Regenerative Neurophysiology BMC Lund University Sweden
| | | | - Malin Parmar
- Department of Experimental Medical Science Wallenberg Neuroscience Center Division of Neurobiology Lund Stem Cell Center Lund University Sweden
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23
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Liu Y, Li Y, Liu X, Wang CS. Investigation of transcriptome mechanism associated with osteoporosis explored by microarray analysis. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:3459-3464. [PMID: 31007729 PMCID: PMC6468394 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microarray data of osteoporosis (OP) were analyzed based on prediction of transcription factors (TFs) or their targets as well as influences of TFs or TF network to uncover key TFs in OP. The microarray data E-GEOD-35956 was downloaded from the GPL570 platform. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with logarithm of fold change (|logFC|) >2 and P-value <0.05 were identified between OP samples and normal controls. TF genes were screened from the DEGs based on ITFP, Marbach 2016, TRRUST databases. TF targets were enriched from DEGs using Fisher's exact test. TF targets were selected based on their impact factors. TF targets were chosen from TF network analysis. Finally, key TFs were identified by based on TFs coverage. A total of 300 DEGs were obtained. There were no TF genes screened from the DEGs. In total 165, 87 and 178 TF targets were screened from DEGs respectively based on Fisher's exact test, influence of TFs or TF network analysis. According to the optimal TF set with TFs having maximum coverage of DEGs, 178 TF targets was the most. Thus, the optimal sets of TFs were FOXO1, KLF16, RXRA, RARA, HNF4A, CEBPB, ESR1, SOX8, ZNF219, and SP1. Altogether, these results suggested identified crucial TFs in OP might play a significant role in OP development, showing these key TFs probably would aid in unveiling the underlying molecular mechanisms and may be therapeutic targets, diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers for OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Beijing Splinger Medical Research Institute, Beijing 100054, P.R. China
| | - Xing Liu
- Beijing Splinger Medical Research Institute, Beijing 100054, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Sheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated YanTaiYeDa Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Yantai, Shandong 264006, P.R. China
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24
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Saito S, Lin YC, Nakamura Y, Eckner R, Wuputra K, Kuo KK, Lin CS, Yokoyama KK. Potential application of cell reprogramming techniques for cancer research. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:45-65. [PMID: 30283976 PMCID: PMC6326983 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2924-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The ability to control the transition from an undifferentiated stem cell to a specific cell fate is one of the key techniques that are required for the application of interventional technologies to regenerative medicine and the treatment of tumors and metastases and of neurodegenerative diseases. Reprogramming technologies, which include somatic cell nuclear transfer, induced pluripotent stem cells, and the direct reprogramming of specific cell lineages, have the potential to alter cell plasticity in translational medicine for cancer treatment. The characterization of cancer stem cells (CSCs), the identification of oncogene and tumor suppressor genes for CSCs, and the epigenetic study of CSCs and their microenvironments are important topics. This review summarizes the application of cell reprogramming technologies to cancer modeling and treatment and discusses possible obstacles, such as genetic and epigenetic alterations in cancer cells, as well as the strategies that can be used to overcome these obstacles to cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Saito
- Saito Laboratory of Cell Technology, Yaita, Tochigi, 329-1571, Japan
- College of Engineering, Nihon University, Koriyama, Fukushima, 963-8642, Japan
| | - Ying-Chu Lin
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Yukio Nakamura
- Cell Engineering Division, RIKEN BioResource Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0074, Japan
| | - Richard Eckner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School-Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, 07101, USA
| | - Kenly Wuputra
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Kai Kuo
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Shen Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan.
| | - Kazunari K Yokoyama
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
- Faculty of Molecular Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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25
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Li J, Wang Z, Ren L, Fan L, Liu W, Jiang Y, Lau HK, Liu R, Wang Q. Antagonistic interaction between Nodal and insulin modulates pancreatic β-cell proliferation and survival. Cell Commun Signal 2018; 16:79. [PMID: 30409165 PMCID: PMC6225724 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-018-0288-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Insulin signaling pathway in β-cell is essential to promote β-cells proliferation and survival, while Nodal–ALK7–Smad3 signaling involves β-cells apoptosis. We attempted to address inter-relationship between Nodal and insulin in modulating β-cell proliferation and apoptosis. Methods Using INS-1 β-cells and isolated rat islets, we examined the effects of Nodal, insulin, or the two combined on β-cell proliferation and/or apoptosis. Results The β-cells under high-glucose or palmitate conditions showed significant up-regulation of Nodal expression and activation of its downstream signaling pathway resulted in increased cleaved caspase-3. Insulin treatment led to significantly attenuated Nodal-induced cell apoptotic pathway. Similar results were found in directly Nodal-treated β-cell that insulin could partially block Nodal-induced up-regulation of ALK7–Smad3–caspase-3 signaling pathways with significantly attenuated β-cell apoptosis. Interestingly, we found that insulin-induced Akt activation and downstream molecules including GSK-3β, β-catenin and ERK1/2 was significantly attenuated by the co-treatment with Nodal, resulted in decreased cell proliferation. Furthermore, Nodal decreased glucose-evoked calcium influx and played a negative role during glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in the β-cells. Immunocytochemistry studies showed that Nodal treatment translocated Smad3 from cytosol mostly to the nucleus; however, co-treatment with insulin significantly decreased Smad3 nuclear localization. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments showed a directly interaction between Smad3 and Akt, and this interaction was enhanced by co-treatment with insulin. Conclusions Our data suggest that the antagonistic interaction between Nodal and insulin has a role in the regulation of β-cell mass and secretion. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12964-018-0288-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liwei Ren
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linling Fan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjuan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaojing Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Harry K Lau
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinghua Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Department of Physiology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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26
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Kelaini S, Margariti A. Constitutively active SMAD2/3 facilitates efficient transcription factor-mediated cell conversion. Stem Cell Investig 2018; 5:25. [PMID: 30221170 DOI: 10.21037/sci.2018.08.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Kelaini
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Andriana Margariti
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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27
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Bragança J. SMAD2/3, versatile molecular tools for cellular engineering. Stem Cell Investig 2018; 5:24. [PMID: 30148157 DOI: 10.21037/sci.2018.07.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José Bragança
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.,Centre for Biomedical Research-CBMR, University of Algarve, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.,ABC - Algarve Biomedical Centre, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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28
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Cell fate reprogramming through engineering of native transcription factors. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2018; 52:109-116. [PMID: 29980007 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cellular reprogramming using cocktails of transcription factors (TFs) affirms the epigenetic and developmental plasticity of mammalian cells. It demonstrates the ability of TFs to 'read' genetic information and to rewire regulatory networks in different cellular contexts. Silenced chromatin is not an impediment to the genome engagement by ectopically expressed TFs. Reprogramming TFs have been identified in diverse structural families that lack shared domains or sequence motifs. Interestingly, the reprogramming activity of non-redundant paralogous TFs can be switched with a few point mutations. These findings revealed that the sequence-function relationships influencing reprogramming are tied to subtle features directing genome wide binding. Therefore, endogenous reprogramming TFs are amenable to directed biomolecular engineering that opens up new avenues to optimize cell fate conversions.
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29
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Sartorelli V, Puri PL. Shaping Gene Expression by Landscaping Chromatin Architecture: Lessons from a Master. Mol Cell 2018; 71:375-388. [PMID: 29887393 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Since its discovery as a skeletal muscle-specific transcription factor able to reprogram somatic cells into differentiated myofibers, MyoD has provided an instructive model to understand how transcription factors regulate gene expression. Reciprocally, studies of other transcriptional regulators have provided testable hypotheses to further understand how MyoD activates transcription. Using MyoD as a reference, in this review, we discuss the similarities and differences in the regulatory mechanisms employed by tissue-specific transcription factors to access DNA and regulate gene expression by cooperatively shaping the chromatin landscape within the context of cellular differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Sartorelli
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells & Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Pier Lorenzo Puri
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Epigenetics and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.
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30
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Thambyrajah R, Fadlullah MZH, Proffitt M, Patel R, Cowley SM, Kouskoff V, Lacaud G. HDAC1 and HDAC2 Modulate TGF-β Signaling during Endothelial-to-Hematopoietic Transition. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 10:1369-1383. [PMID: 29641990 PMCID: PMC5998800 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The first hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells are generated during development from hemogenic endothelium (HE) through trans-differentiation. The molecular mechanisms underlying this endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT) remain poorly understood. Here, we explored the role of the epigenetic regulators HDAC1 and HDAC2 in the emergence of these first blood cells in vitro and in vivo. Loss of either of these epigenetic silencers through conditional genetic deletion reduced hematopoietic transition from HE, while combined deletion was incompatible with blood generation. We investigated the molecular basis of HDAC1 and HDAC2 requirement and identified TGF-β signaling as one of the pathways controlled by HDAC1 and HDAC2. Accordingly, we experimentally demonstrated that activation of this pathway in HE cells reinforces hematopoietic development. Altogether, our results establish that HDAC1 and HDAC2 modulate TGF-β signaling and suggest that stimulation of this pathway in HE cells would be beneficial for production of hematopoietic cells for regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshana Thambyrajah
- CRUK Stem Cell Biology Group, CRUK Manchester Institute, 555 Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Muhammad Z H Fadlullah
- CRUK Stem Cell Biology Group, CRUK Manchester Institute, 555 Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Martin Proffitt
- CRUK Stem Cell Biology Group, CRUK Manchester Institute, 555 Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Rahima Patel
- CRUK Stem Cell Biology Group, CRUK Manchester Institute, 555 Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Shaun M Cowley
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Valerie Kouskoff
- Division of Developmental Biology & Medicine, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
| | - Georges Lacaud
- CRUK Stem Cell Biology Group, CRUK Manchester Institute, 555 Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK.
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