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Biyani M, Yasuda K, Isogai Y, Okamoto Y, Weilin W, Kodera N, Flechsig H, Sakaki T, Nakajima M, Biyani M. Novel DNA Aptamer for CYP24A1 Inhibition with Enhanced Antiproliferative Activity in Cancer Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:18064-18078. [PMID: 35436103 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c22965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of the vitamin D3-inactivating enzyme CYP24A1 (cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily and hereafter referred to as CYP24) can cause chronic kidney diseases, osteoporosis, and several types of cancers. Therefore, CYP24 inhibition has been considered a potential therapeutic approach. Vitamin D3 mimetics and small molecule inhibitors have been shown to be effective, but nonspecific binding, drug resistance, and potential toxicity limit their effectiveness. We have identified a novel 70-nt DNA aptamer-based inhibitor of CYP24 by utilizing the competition-based aptamer selection strategy, taking CYP24 as the positive target protein and CYP27B1 (the enzyme catalyzing active vitamin D3 production) as the countertarget protein. One of the identified aptamers, Apt-7, showed a 5.8-fold higher binding affinity with CYP24 than the similar competitor CYP27B1. Interestingly, Apt-7 selectively inhibited CYP24 (the relative CYP24 activity decreased by 39.1 ± 3% and showed almost no inhibition of CYP27B1). Furthermore, Apt-7 showed cellular internalization in CYP24-overexpressing A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells via endocytosis and induced endogenous CYP24 inhibition-based antiproliferative activity in cancer cells. We also employed high-speed atomic force microscopy experiments and molecular docking simulations to provide a single-molecule explanation of the aptamer-based CYP24 inhibition mechanism. The novel aptamer identified in this study presents an opportunity to generate a new probe for the recognition and inhibition of CYP24 for biomedical research and could assist in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Biyani
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kaori Yasuda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Isogai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Yuki Okamoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Wei Weilin
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kodera
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Holger Flechsig
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Sakaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Miki Nakajima
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Manish Biyani
- BioSeeds Corporation, JAIST venture business laboratory, Ishikawa Create Labo, Asahidai 2-13, Nomi City, Ishikawa 923-1211, Japan
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Su Y, Ganguli-Indra G, Bhattacharya N, Logan IE, Indra AK, Gombart AF, Wong SL, Xie J. Codelivery of 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3 and CYP24A1 Inhibitor VID400 by Nanofiber Dressings Promotes Endogenous Antimicrobial Peptide LL-37 Induction. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:974-984. [PMID: 35179903 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Surgical site infections represent a significant clinical problem. Herein, we report a nanofiber dressing for topical codelivery of immunomodulating compounds including 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) and VID400, a CYP24A1 inhibitor in a sustained manner, for inducing the expression of the endogenous cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) gene encoding the hCAP18 protein, which is processed into the LL-37 peptide. Nanofiber wound dressings with coencapsulation of 1,25(OH)2D3 and VID400 were generated by electrospinning. Both 1,25(OH)2D3 and VID400 were coencapsulated into nanofibers with loading efficiencies higher than 90% and exhibited a prolonged release from nanofiber membranes longer than 28 days. Incubation with 1,25(OH)2D3/VID400-coencapsulated poly(ϵ-caprolactone) nanofiber membranes greatly induced the hCAP18/LL-37 gene expression in monocytes, neutrophils, and keratinocytes in vitro. Moreover, the administration of 1,25(OH)2D3/VID400-coencapsulated nanofiber membranes dramatically promoted the hCAP18/LL-37 expression in dermal wounds created in both human CAMP transgenic mice and human skin tissues. The 1,25(OH)2D3- and VID400-coencapsulated nanofiber dressings enhanced innate immunity via the more effective induction of antimicrobial peptide than the free drug alone or 1,25(OH)2D3-loaded nanofibers. Together, 1,25(OH)2D3/VID400-embedded nanofiber dressings presented in this study show potential in preventing surgical site infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Su
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Nilika Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Isabelle E Logan
- Linus Pauling Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Arup K Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States.,Linus Pauling Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States.,Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Adrian F Gombart
- Linus Pauling Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Shannon L Wong
- Department of Surgery-Plastic Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Jingwei Xie
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States.,Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
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3
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Kotwan J, Kühn J, Baur AC, Stangl GI. Oral Intake of Lumisterol Affects the Metabolism of Vitamin D. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2001165. [PMID: 34061442 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202001165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE The treatment of food with ultraviolet-B (UV-B) light to increase the vitamin D content is accompanied by the formation of photoisomers, such as lumisterol2 . The physiological impact of photoisomers is largely unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Three groups of C57Bl/6 mice are fed diets containing 50 µg kg-1 deuterated vitamin D3 with 0, 50 (moderate-dose) or 2000 µg kg-1 (high-dose) lumisterol2 for four weeks. Considerable quantities of lumisterol2 and vitamin D2 are found in the plasma and tissues of mice fed with 2000 µg kg-1 lumisterol2 but not in those fed 0 or 50 µg kg-1 lumisterol2 . Mice fed with 2000 µg kg-1 lumisterol2 showed strongly reduced deuterated 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (-50%) and calcitriol (-80%) levels in plasma, accompanied by downregulated mRNA abundance of cytochrom P450 (Cyp)27b1 and upregulated Cyp24a1 in the kidneys. Increased tissue levels of vitamin D2 were also seen in mice in a second study that are kept on a diet with 0.2% UV-B exposed yeast versus those fed 0.2% untreated yeast containing iso-amounts of vitamin D2 . CONCLUSION High doses of lumisterol2 can enter the body, induce the formation of vitamin D2 , reduce the levels of 25(OH)D3 and calcitriol and strongly impact the expression of genes involved in the degradation and synthesis of bioactive vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Kotwan
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Jena, Germany
| | - Julia Kühn
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anja C Baur
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Jena, Germany
| | - Gabriele I Stangl
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Jena, Germany
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Sawicki K, Czajka M, Matysiak-Kucharek M, Kurzepa J, Wojtyła-Buciora P, Zygo K, Kruszewski M, Kapka-Skrzypczak L. Chlorpyrifos alters expression of enzymes involved in vitamin D 3 synthesis in skin cells. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 174:104812. [PMID: 33838712 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Skin acts as a mechanical barrier between human body and environment. Epidermal cells are regularly exposed to many physiological and environmental stressors, such as pesticides, like chlorpyrifos (CPS). It is recognised that CPS may affect metabolism of other exo- and endogenous substances by affecting enzyme activity and expression. This study aims to investigate the effect of CPS on expression of CYP27A1, CYP27B1 and CYP24A1, the enzymes involved in synthesis and metabolism of vitamin D3, in human keratinocytes HaCaT and human fibroblasts BJ. Synthesis of vitamin D3 in cells was initiated by irradiating with UVB. Expression of CYP27A1, CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 was evaluated by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Our experiments revealed that expression of all tested cytochrome P450 isoforms in cells exposed to CPS changed significantly. Exposure of HaCaT keratinocytes to CPS decreased CYP27A1 mRNA levels, but increased CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 mRNA levels. This was confirmed at the protein level, except for the CYP27A1 expression. Outcome for the BJ cells was however less conclusive. Though exposure to CPS decreased CYP27A1 and CYP27B1 mRNA levels, at protein level increasing concentration of CPS and UVB intensity induced expression of CYP27A1 and CYP24A1. The expression of CYP27B1 isoform decreased in line with mRNA level. Nevertheless, it can be concluded that CPS may therefore interrupt vitamin D3 metabolism in skin cells, but further studies are required to better understand such mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Sawicki
- Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Czajka
- Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Jacek Kurzepa
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Karol Zygo
- Department of Public Health, Medical University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marcin Kruszewski
- Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland; Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lucyna Kapka-Skrzypczak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland.
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5
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Jordan A, Stoy P, Sneddon HF. Chlorinated Solvents: Their Advantages, Disadvantages, and Alternatives in Organic and Medicinal Chemistry. Chem Rev 2020; 121:1582-1622. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Jordan
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratory for Sustainable Chemistry, Jubilee Campus, University of Nottingham, 6 Triumph Road, Nottingham NG7 2GA, U.K
| | - Patrick Stoy
- Drug Design and Selection, Platform and Technology Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Helen F. Sneddon
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
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6
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Zmijewski MA, Carlberg C. Vitamin D receptor(s): In the nucleus but also at membranes? Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:876-884. [PMID: 32654294 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The genomic actions of the vitamin D are mediated via its biologically most potent metabolite 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2 D3 ) and the transcription factor vitamin D receptor (VDR). Activation of VDR by 1,25(OH)2 D3 leads to change in the expression of more 1000 genes in various human tissues. Based on (epi)genome, transcriptome and crystal structure data the molecular details of this nuclear vitamin D signalling pathway are well understood. Vitamin D is known for its role on calcium homeostasis and bone formation, but it also modulates energy metabolism, innate and adaptive immunity as well as cellular growth, differentiation and apoptosis. The observation of rapid, non-genomic effects of 1,25(OH)2 D3 at cellular membranes and in the cytosol initiated the question, whether there are alternative vitamin D-binding proteins in these cellular compartments. So far, the best candidate is the enzyme PDIA3 (protein disulphide isomerase family A member 3), which is found at various subcellular locations. Furthermore, also VDR seems to play a role in membrane-based responses to vitamin D. In this viewpoint, we will dispute whether these rapid, non-genomic pathways are a meaningful addition to the genome-wide effects of vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carsten Carlberg
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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7
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Lee PW, Selhorst A, Lampe SG, Liu Y, Yang Y, Lovett-Racke AE. Neuron-Specific Vitamin D Signaling Attenuates Microglia Activation and CNS Autoimmunity. Front Neurol 2020; 11:19. [PMID: 32082243 PMCID: PMC7005247 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Low vitamin D during childhood is associated with an increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS) as an adult. Given that vitamin D has anti-inflammatory properties, it has been postulated that the relationship between MS and low vitamin D is due to immune dysregulation. Since the vitamin D receptor (VDR) is expressed in many cell types, this study investigated an alternative hypothesis-neuron-specific VDR signaling induces anti-inflammatory molecules that protect the central nervous system from autoimmunity. Using media from neurons treated with calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D3, LPS-activated microglia had a reduction in pro-inflammatory molecules, and a reciprocal induction of anti-inflammatory molecules. Since IL-34 is critical to the homeostasis of microglia, and was previously shown to be induced in endothelial cells by vitamin D, we investigated IL-34 as the potential anti-inflammatory molecule induced in neurons by vitamin D. Treatment of LPS-activated microglia with IL-34 reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine production and enhanced the expression of anti-inflammatory transcripts. However, neutralizing IL-34 in vitamin D neuronal conditioned media only impacted IL-6 and not the broader anti-inflammatory phenotype of microglia. To mimic low vitamin D in children, we used a neuron-specific inducible mouse model in which VDR was partially deleted in juvenile mice. Partial deletion of VDR in neurons during early life resulted in exacerbated CNS autoimmunity in adult mice. Overall, the study illustrated that vitamin D signaling in neurons promotes an anti-inflammatory state in microglia, and low vitamin D in early life may enhance CNS autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla W. Lee
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Amanda Selhorst
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Sara Gombash Lampe
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Yuhong Yang
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Amy E. Lovett-Racke
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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Abstract
Signaling through the vitamin D receptor has been shown to be biologically active and important in a number of preclinical studies in prostate and other cancers. Epidemiologic data also indicate that vitamin D signaling may be important in the cause and prognosis of prostate and other cancers. These data indicate that perturbation of vitamin D signaling may be a target for the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer. Large studies of vitamin D supplementation will be required to determine whether these observations can be translated into prevention strategies. This paper reviews the available data in the use of vitamin D compounds in the treatment of prostate cancer. Clinical data are limited which support the use of vitamin D compounds in the management of men with prostate cancer. However, clinical trials guided by existing preclinical data are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald L Trump
- Inova Schar Cancer Institute, Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA 22037, USA
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Annalora AJ, Jozic M, Marcus CB, Iversen PL. Alternative splicing of the vitamin D receptor modulates target gene expression and promotes ligand-independent functions. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 364:55-67. [PMID: 30552932 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alternative splicing modulates gene function by creating splice variants with alternate functions or non-coding RNA activity. Naturally occurring variants of nuclear receptor (NR) genes with dominant negative or gain-of-function phenotypes have been documented, but their cellular roles, regulation, and responsiveness to environmental stress or disease remain unevaluated. Informed by observations that class I androgen and estrogen receptor variants display ligand-independent signaling in human cancer tissues, we questioned whether the function of class II NRs, like the vitamin D receptor (VDR), would also respond to alternative splicing regulation. Artificial VDR constructs lacking exon 3 (Dex3-VDR), encoding part of the DNA binding domain (DBD), and exon 8 (Dex8-VDR), encoding part of the ligand binding domain (LBD), were transiently transfected into DU-145 cells and stably-integrated into Caco-2 cells to study their effect on gene expression and cell viability. Changes in VDR promoter signaling were monitored by the expression of target genes (e.g. CYP24A1, CYP3A4 and CYP3A5). Ligand-independent VDR signaling was observed in variants lacking exon 8, and a significant loss of gene suppressor function was documented for variants lacking exon 3. The gain-of-function behavior of the Dex8-VDR variant was recapitulated in vitro using antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) that induce the skipping of exon 8 in wild-type VDR. ASO targeting the splice acceptor site of exon 8 significantly stimulated ligand-independent VDR reporter activity and the induction of CYP24A1 above controls. These results demonstrate how alternative splicing can re-program NR gene function, highlighting novel mechanisms of toxicity and new opportunities for the use of splice-switching oligonucleotides (SSO) in precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Annalora
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, 1007 Agriculture & Life Sciences Building, Corvallis, OR 97331; USA.
| | - Marija Jozic
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, 1007 Agriculture & Life Sciences Building, Corvallis, OR 97331; USA
| | - Craig B Marcus
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, 1007 Agriculture & Life Sciences Building, Corvallis, OR 97331; USA
| | - Patrick L Iversen
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, 1007 Agriculture & Life Sciences Building, Corvallis, OR 97331; USA; LS Pharma, 884 Park St., Lebanon, OR 97355; USA
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10
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Trump DL. Calcitriol and cancer therapy: A missed opportunity. Bone Rep 2018; 9:110-119. [PMID: 30591928 PMCID: PMC6303233 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The vitamin D receptor is expressed in most tissues of the body - and the cancers that arise from those tissues. The vitamin D signaling pathway is active in those tissues and cancers. This is at least consistent with the hypothesis that perturbing this signaling may have a favorable effect on the genesis and growth of cancers. Epidemiologic data indicate that vitamin D signaling may be important in the initiation and outcome of a number of types of cancer. Many studies have shown that calcitriol (1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol) and other vitamin D compounds have antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-cell migration and antiangiogenic activity in a number of preclinical studies in many different cancer types. Unfortunately, the assessment of the activity of calcitriol or other vitamin D analogues in the treatment of cancer, as single agents or in combination with other anticancer agents has been stymied by the failure to adhere to commonly accepted principles of drug development and clinical trials conduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald L Trump
- Inova Schar Cancer Institute, Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA 22037, United States of America
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11
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Taban IM, Zhu J, DeLuca HF, Simons C. Analysis of the binding sites of vitamin D 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) and vitamin D 24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1) for the design of selective CYP24A1 inhibitors: Homology modelling, molecular dynamics simulations and identification of key binding requirements. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:5629-5636. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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12
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Chiellini G, Rapposelli S, Nesi G, Sestito S, Sabatini M, Zhu J, Massarelli I, Plum LA, Clagett‐Dame M, DeLuca HF. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Cyclopropylamine Vitamin D‐Like CYP24A1 Inhibitors. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Chiellini
- Department of Biochemistry University of Wisconsin-Madison 433 Babcock Drive Madison WI 53706
- Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e Area Critica Universita' di Pisa via Roma 55 56126 Pisa Italy
| | - Simona Rapposelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia Universita' di Pisa via Bonanno 6 56126 Pisa Italy
| | - Giulia Nesi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia Universita' di Pisa via Bonanno 6 56126 Pisa Italy
| | - Simona Sestito
- Dipartimento di Farmacia Universita' di Pisa via Bonanno 6 56126 Pisa Italy
| | - Martina Sabatini
- Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e Area Critica Universita' di Pisa via Roma 55 56126 Pisa Italy
| | - Jinge Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry University of Wisconsin-Madison 433 Babcock Drive Madison WI 53706
| | | | - Lori A. Plum
- Department of Biochemistry University of Wisconsin-Madison 433 Babcock Drive Madison WI 53706
| | - Margaret Clagett‐Dame
- Department of Biochemistry University of Wisconsin-Madison 433 Babcock Drive Madison WI 53706
| | - Hector F. DeLuca
- Department of Biochemistry University of Wisconsin-Madison 433 Babcock Drive Madison WI 53706
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13
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Almokhtar M, Wikvall K, Ubhayasekera SJKA, Bergquist J, Norlin M. Motor neuron-like NSC-34 cells as a new model for the study of vitamin D metabolism in the brain. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 158:178-188. [PMID: 26704532 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D3 is a pro-hormone, which is sequentially activated by 25- and 1α-hydroxylation to form 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1α,25(OH)2D3], respectively. Subsequent inactivation is performed by 24-hydroxylation. These reactions are carried out by a series of CYP450 enzymes. The 25-hydroxylation involves mainly CYP2R1 and CYP27A1, whereas 1α-hydroxylation and 24-hydroxylation are catalyzed by CYP27B1 and CYP24A1, respectively, and are tightly regulated to maintain adequate levels of the active vitamin D hormone, 1α,25(OH)2D3. Altered circulating vitamin D levels, in particular 25(OH)D3, have been linked to several disorders of the nervous system, e.g., schizophrenia and Parkinson disease. However, little is known about the mechanisms of vitamin D actions in the neurons. In this study, we examined vitamin D metabolism and its regulation in a murine motor neuron-like hybrid cell line, NSC-34. We found that these cells express mRNAs for the four major CYP450 enzymes involved in vitamin D activation and inactivation, and vitamin D receptor (VDR) that mediates vitamin D actions. We also found high levels of CYP24A1-dependent 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [24,25(OH)2D3] production, that was inhibited by the well-known CYP enzyme inhibitor ketoconazole and by several inhibitors that are more specific for CYP24A1. Furthermore, CYP24A1 mRNA levels in NSC-34 cells were up-regulated by 1α,25(OH)2D3 and its synthetic analogs, EB1089 and tacalcitol. Our results suggest that NSC-34 cells could be a novel model for the studies of neuronal vitamin D metabolism and its mechanism of actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mokhtar Almokhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kjell Wikvall
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - S J Kumari A Ubhayasekera
- Department of Chemistry-Biomedical Center, Analytical Chemistry and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Bergquist
- Department of Chemistry-Biomedical Center, Analytical Chemistry and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Norlin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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14
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Riccio P, Rossano R, Larocca M, Trotta V, Mennella I, Vitaglione P, Ettorre M, Graverini A, De Santis A, Di Monte E, Coniglio MG. Anti-inflammatory nutritional intervention in patients with relapsing-remitting and primary-progressive multiple sclerosis: A pilot study. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 241:620-35. [PMID: 26785711 PMCID: PMC4950325 DOI: 10.1177/1535370215618462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to assess the influence of nutritional intervention on inflammatory status and wellness in people with multiple sclerosis. To this end, in a seven-month pilot study we investigated the effects of a calorie-restricted, semi-vegetarian diet and administration of vitamin D and other dietary supplements (fish oil, lipoic acid, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, resveratrol and multivitamin complex) in 33 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and 10 patients with primary-progressive multiple sclerosis. At 0/3/6 months, patients had neurological examination, filled questionnaires and underwent anthropometric measurements and biochemical analyses. Serum fatty acids and vitamin D levels were measured as markers of dietary compliance and nutritional efficacy of treatment, whereas serum gelatinase levels were analyzed as markers of inflammatory status. All patients had insufficient levels of vitamin D at baseline, but their values did not ameliorate following a weekly administration of 5000 IU, and rather decreased over time. Conversely, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids increased already after three months, even under dietary restriction only. Co-treatment with interferon-beta in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis was irrelevant to vitamin D levels. After six months nutritional treatment, no significant changes in neurological signs were observed in any group. However, serum levels of the activated isoforms of gelatinase matrix metalloproteinase-9 decreased by 59% in primary-progressive multiple sclerosis and by 51% in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients under nutritional intervention, including dietary supplements. This study indicates that a healthy nutritional intervention is well accepted by people with multiple sclerosis and may ameliorate their physical and inflammatory status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Riccio
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Rocco Rossano
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Marilena Larocca
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Trotta
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Ilario Mennella
- Department of Agricultural and Food Science, University of Naples "Federico II", 80055 Portici, Napoli, Italy
| | - Paola Vitaglione
- Department of Agricultural and Food Science, University of Naples "Federico II", 80055 Portici, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Graverini
- O.T.I. Officine Terapie Innovative S.r.l., 67061 Carsoli, Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Elisabetta Di Monte
- Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Hospital ASL 4 "Madonna Delle Grazie", 75100 Matera, Italy
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15
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Abstract
The question whether dietary habits and lifestyle have influence on the course of multiple sclerosis (MS) is still a matter of debate, and at present, MS therapy is not associated with any information on diet and lifestyle. Here we show that dietary factors and lifestyle may exacerbate or ameliorate MS symptoms by modulating the inflammatory status of the disease both in relapsing-remitting MS and in primary-progressive MS. This is achieved by controlling both the metabolic and inflammatory pathways in the human cell and the composition of commensal gut microbiota. What increases inflammation are hypercaloric Western-style diets, characterized by high salt, animal fat, red meat, sugar-sweetened drinks, fried food, low fiber, and lack of physical exercise. The persistence of this type of diet upregulates the metabolism of human cells toward biosynthetic pathways including those of proinflammatory molecules and also leads to a dysbiotic gut microbiota, alteration of intestinal immunity, and low-grade systemic inflammation. Conversely, exercise and low-calorie diets based on the assumption of vegetables, fruit, legumes, fish, prebiotics, and probiotics act on nuclear receptors and enzymes that upregulate oxidative metabolism, downregulate the synthesis of proinflammatory molecules, and restore or maintain a healthy symbiotic gut microbiota. Now that we know the molecular mechanisms by which dietary factors and exercise affect the inflammatory status in MS, we can expect that a nutritional intervention with anti-inflammatory food and dietary supplements can alleviate possible side effects of immune-modulatory drugs and the symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome and thus favor patient wellness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Riccio
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Rocco Rossano
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
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16
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Ferla S, Aboraia AS, Brancale A, Pepper CJ, Zhu J, Ochalek JT, DeLuca HF, Simons C. Small-Molecule Inhibitors of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D-24-Hydroxylase (CYP24A1): Synthesis and Biological Evaluation. J Med Chem 2014; 57:7702-15. [DOI: 10.1021/jm5009314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Ferla
- Medicinal
Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3NB, U.K
| | - Ahmed S. Aboraia
- Medicinal
Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3NB, U.K
| | - Andrea Brancale
- Medicinal
Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3NB, U.K
| | - Christopher J. Pepper
- Department
of Haematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, U.K
| | - Jinge Zhu
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1544, United States
| | - Justin T. Ochalek
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1544, United States
| | - Hector F. DeLuca
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1544, United States
| | - Claire Simons
- Medicinal
Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3NB, U.K
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17
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Slominski AT, Zmijewski MA, Semak I, Zbytek B, Pisarchik A, Li W, Zjawiony J, Tuckey RC. Cytochromes p450 and skin cancer: role of local endocrine pathways. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2014; 14:77-96. [PMID: 23869782 DOI: 10.2174/18715206113139990308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Skin is the largest body organ forming a metabolically active barrier between external and internal environments. The metabolic barrier is composed of cytochromes P450 (CYPs) that regulate its homeostasis through activation or inactivation of biologically relevant molecules. In this review we focus our attention on local steroidogenic and secosteroidogenic systems in relation to skin cancer, e.g., prevention, attenuation of tumor progression and therapy. The local steroidogenic system is composed of locally expressed CYPs involved in local production of androgens, estrogens, gluco- and mineralo-corticosteroids from cholesterol (initiated by CYP11A1) or from steroid precursors delivered to the skin, and of their metabolism and/or inactivation. Cutaneous 7-hydroxylases (CYP7A1, CYP7B1 and CYP39) potentially can produce 7-hydroxy/oxy-steroids/sterols with modifying effects on local tumorigenesis. CYP11A1 also transforms 7-dehydrocholesterol (7DHC)→22(OH)7DHC→20,22(OH)2-7DHC→7-dehydropregnenolone, which can be further metabolized to other 5,7- steroidal dienes. These 5,7-dienal intermediates are converted by ultraviolet radiation B (UVB) into secosteroids which show pro-differentiation and anti-cancer properties. Finally, the skin is the site of activation of vitamin D3 through two alternative pathways. The classical one involves sequential hydroxylation at positions 25 and 1 to produce active 1,25(OH)2D3, which is further inactivated through hydroxylation at C24. The novel pathway is initiated by CYP11A1 with predominant production of 20(OH)D3 which is further metabolized to biologically active but non-calcemic D3-hydroxyderivatives. Classical and non-classical (novel) vitamin D analogs show pro-differentiation, anti-proliferative and anticancer properties. In addition, melatonin is metabolized by local CYPs. In conclusion cutaneously expressed CYPs have significant effects on skin physiology and pathology trough regulation of its chemical milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Robert C Tuckey
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 930 Madison Avenue, RM525, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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18
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Lancaster ST, Blackburn J, Blom A, Makishima M, Ishizawa M, Mansell JP. 24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 cooperates with a stable, fluoromethylene LPA receptor agonist to secure human (MG63) osteoblast maturation. Steroids 2014; 83:52-61. [PMID: 24513053 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2014.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D receptor (VDR) agonists supporting human osteoblast (hOB) differentiation in the absence of bone resorption are attractive agents in a bone regenerative setting. One potential candidate fulfilling these roles is 24,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 (24,25D). Over forty years ago it was reported that supraphysiological levels of 24,25D could stimulate intestinal calcium uptake and aid bone repair without causing bone calcium mobilisation. VDR agonists co-operate with certain growth factors to enhance hOB differentiation but whether 24,25D might act similarly in promoting cellular maturation has not been described. Given our discovery that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) co-operated with VDR agonists to enhance hOB maturation, we co-treated MG63 hOBs with 24,25D and a phosphatase-resistant LPA analog. In isolation 24,25D inhibited proliferation and stimulated osteocalcin expression. When co-administered with the LPA analog there were synergistic increases in alkaline phosphatase (ALP). These are encouraging findings which may help realise the future application of 24,25D in promoting osseous repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Tamar Lancaster
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Avon Orthopaedic Centre, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Julia Blackburn
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Avon Orthopaedic Centre, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Ashley Blom
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Avon Orthopaedic Centre, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Makoto Makishima
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Michiyasu Ishizawa
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Jason Peter Mansell
- Department of Biological, Biomedical & Analytical Sciences, University of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK.
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19
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Abstract
Vitamin D metabolism consists of both production and catabolism, which are enzymatically driven and highly regulated. Renal vitamin D metabolism requires filtration and tubular reabsorption of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and is regulated by parathyroid hormone, fibroblast growth factor-23, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. In chronic kidney disease, renal production of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D from 25-hydroxyvitamin D is reduced. In addition, pharmacokinetic studies and epidemiologic studies of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, the most abundant product of 25-hydroxyvitamin D catabolism by CYP24A1, suggest that vitamin D catabolism also is reduced. New insights into the mechanisms and regulation of vitamin D metabolism may lead to novel approaches to assess and treat impaired vitamin D metabolism in chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cortney Bosworth
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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20
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Hartfield KA, Stout CD, Annalora AJ. The novel purification and biochemical characterization of a reversible CYP24A1:adrenodoxin complex. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2013; 136:47-53. [PMID: 23165146 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2012.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2012] [Revised: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Novel paradigms for CYP24A1 inhibitor development are needed to circumvent existing efficacy and toxicity issues related to human therapeutics in this class. We hypothesize that improved structural knowledge of CYP24A1 in complex with natural substrates, inhibitors and/or its redox partner protein, adrenodoxin (Adx) is required to facilitate the next generation of CYP24A1 inhibitor design. To this end, we have developed truncated expression constructs for both rat CYP24A1 (Δ51) and bovine Adx (Δ108), which allow us to purify a stable and reversible state of the CYP24A1:Adx complex, for use in ongoing X-ray crystallographic studies. Spectral characterization of the reversible complex revealed that Adx binding enhanced the stability of the enzyme-substrate complex, despite lowering the ligand binding affinity of the free enzyme, for 1,25(OH)2D2, over 9-fold. Truncation of CYP24A1's flexible N-terminus (Δ51) improved the enzyme's ability to recruit substrate, without altering Adx's ability to stabilize the ligand-bound form. We also found that several common crystallization detergents, including CHAPS, inhibit ligand binding to the CYP24A1:Adx complex at concentrations well below their reported critical micelle concentration (CMC) values. Ultimately, this research provides a useful platform and framework for the study of conformationally complex, membrane-protein complexes, in the ligand-bound state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Hartfield
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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