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Parven A, Md Meftaul I, Venkateswarlu K, Gopalan S, Megharaj M. Pre-emergence herbicides widely used in urban and farmland soils: fate, and potential human and environmental health risks. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:132. [PMID: 38483701 PMCID: PMC10940459 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01907-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
We determined the distribution, fate, and health hazards of dimethenamid-P, metazachlor, and pyroxasulfone, the effective pre-emergence herbicides widely used both in urban and agricultural settings globally. The rate-determining phase of sorption kinetics of these herbicides in five soils followed a pseudo-second-order model. Freundlich isotherm model indicated that the herbicides primarily partition into heterogeneous surface sites on clay minerals and organic matter (OM) and diffuse into soil micropores. Principal component analysis revealed that soil OM (R2, 0.47), sand (R2, 0.56), and Al oxides (R2, 0.33) positively correlated with the herbicide distribution coefficient (Kd), whereas clay (R2, ‒ 0.43), silt (R2, ‒ 0.51), Fe oxides (R2, ‒ 0.02), alkaline pH (R2, ‒ 0.57), and EC (R2, ‒ 0.03) showed a negative correlation with the Kd values. Decomposed OM rich in C=O and C-H functional groups enhanced herbicide sorption, while undecomposed/partially-decomposed OM facilitated desorption process. Also, the absence of hysteresis (H, 0.27‒0.88) indicated the enhanced propensity of herbicide desorption in soils. Leachability index (LIX, < 0.02-0.64) and groundwater ubiquity score (GUS, 0.02‒3.59) for the soils suggested low to moderate leaching potential of the herbicides to waterbodies, indicating their impact on water quality, nontarget organisms, and food safety. Hazard quotient and hazard index data for human adults and adolescents suggested that exposure to soils contaminated with herbicides via dermal contact, ingestion, and inhalation poses minimal to no non-carcinogenic risks. These insights can assist farmers in judicious use of herbicides and help the concerned regulatory authorities in monitoring the safety of human and environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aney Parven
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, ATC Building, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Islam Md Meftaul
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, ATC Building, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Kadiyala Venkateswarlu
- Formerly Department of Microbiology, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapuramu, 515003, India
| | - Saianand Gopalan
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, ATC Building, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, ATC Building, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
- crcCARE, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
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2
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Merleau LA, Lourdais O, Olivier A, Vittecoq M, Blouin-Demers G, Alliot F, Burkart L, Foucault Y, Leray C, Migne E, Goutte A. Pesticide concentrations in a threatened freshwater turtle (Emys orbicularis): Seasonal and annual variation in the Camargue wetland, France. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 341:122903. [PMID: 37952921 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Wetlands are among the most threatened ecosystems on the planet and pollution is a major factor causing the decline of wetland biodiversity. Despite the increasing use of pesticides, their fate and effects on freshwater reptiles remain largely unknown. We studied the European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis), a long-lived species at risk with a high exposure potential to pesticides. Between 2018 and 2020, we measured 29 pesticides and metabolites in 408 blood samples of turtles from two populations in the Camargue wetland (France). We were able to quantify 24 compounds and at least one pesticide or one degradation product in 62.5% of samples. Pesticide occurrences and concentrations were low, except for a herbicide widely used in rice cultivation and locally detected in water: bentazone that reached high blood concentrations in E. orbicularis. The occurrence and the concentration of pesticides in E. orbicularis blood depended mainly on the site and the sampling date in relation to pesticide application. Individual characteristics (sex, age, body condition) did not explain the occurrence or the concentration of pesticides found in turtle blood. Assessing the exposure of aquatic wildlife to a cocktail of currently-used pesticides is a first and crucial step before studying their effects at the individual and population levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie-Anne Merleau
- École Pratique des Hautes Études, PSL Research University, UMR 7619, Sorbonne University, Paris, France; Centre D'études Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS, UMR 7372, Villiers en Bois, France; La Tour Du Valat, Research Institute for the Conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands, Arles, France.
| | - Olivier Lourdais
- Centre D'études Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS, UMR 7372, Villiers en Bois, France; School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Anthony Olivier
- La Tour Du Valat, Research Institute for the Conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands, Arles, France
| | - Marion Vittecoq
- La Tour Du Valat, Research Institute for the Conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands, Arles, France; MIGEVEC Laboratoire Maladies Infectieuses & Vecteurs: écologie, Génétique évolution et Contrôle, UMR (CNRS/IRD 224/UM), Montpellier, France
| | | | - Fabrice Alliot
- École Pratique des Hautes Études, PSL Research University, UMR 7619, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Louisiane Burkart
- École Pratique des Hautes Études, PSL Research University, UMR 7619, Sorbonne University, Paris, France; La Tour Du Valat, Research Institute for the Conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands, Arles, France
| | - Yvann Foucault
- École Pratique des Hautes Études, PSL Research University, UMR 7619, Sorbonne University, Paris, France; La Tour Du Valat, Research Institute for the Conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands, Arles, France
| | - Carole Leray
- La Tour Du Valat, Research Institute for the Conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands, Arles, France
| | - Emmanuelle Migne
- Réserve Naturelle Nationale de Camargue, Société Nationale de Protection de La Nature, Arles, France
| | - Aurélie Goutte
- École Pratique des Hautes Études, PSL Research University, UMR 7619, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
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Medkova D, Hollerova A, Riesova B, Blahova J, Hodkovicova N, Marsalek P, Doubkova V, Weiserova Z, Mares J, Faldyna M, Tichy F, Svobodova Z, Lakdawala P. Pesticides and Parabens Contaminating Aquatic Environment: Acute and Sub-Chronic Toxicity towards Early-Life Stages of Freshwater Fish and Amphibians. TOXICS 2023; 11:333. [PMID: 37112561 PMCID: PMC10141211 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides and personal care products are two very important groups of contaminants posing a threat to the aquatic environment and the organisms living in it.. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the effects of widely used pesticides and parabens on aquatic non-target biota such as fish (using model organisms Danio rerio and Cyprinus carpio) and amphibians (using model organism Xenopus laevis) using a wide range of endpoints. The first part of the experiment was focused on the embryonal toxicity of three widely used pesticides (metazachlor, prochloraz, and 4-chloro-2-methyl phenoxy acetic acid) and three parabens (methylparaben, propylparaben, and butylparaben) with D. rerio, C. carpio, and X. laevis embryos. An emphasis was placed on using mostly sub-lethal concentrations that are partially relevant to the environmental concentrations of the substances studied. In the second part of the study, an embryo-larval toxicity test with C. carpio was carried out with prochloraz using concentrations 0.1, 1, 10, 100, and 1000 µg/L. The results of both parts of the study show that even the low, environmentally relevant concentrations of the chemicals tested are often able to affect the expression of genes that play either a prominent role in detoxification and sex hormone production or indicate cell stress or, in case of prochloraz, to induce genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Medkova
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Faculty of Agrisciences, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Animal Breeding, Animal Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aneta Hollerova
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Riesova
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Blahova
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Nikola Hodkovicova
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Marsalek
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Doubkova
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Weiserova
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Mares
- Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Faculty of Agrisciences, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Faldyna
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Tichy
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenka Svobodova
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Lakdawala
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
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Dione CT, Ndiaye M, Delhomme O, Diebakate C, Ndiaye B, Diagne I, Cisse D, Hane M, Dione MM, Diouf S, Diop A, Millet M. Pollution of water in Africa: a review of contaminants and fish as biomonitors and analytical methodologies-the case of Senegal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:2374-2391. [PMID: 36399299 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24216-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution is one of the major problems facing human health, ecosystems, and biodiversity. This is particularly the case for water quality in Senegal. Fish can be used as a biomonitor of pollution by accumulating pollutants from the environment through their tissues. Fish is an indispensable element in the assessment of the quality of the environment due to the diversity of biological cycles and their position in the food chain. Fish, which is very sensitive to chemical and bacterial pollution, concentrates pollutants and is a good indicator of water quality. This review presents water pollution in Senegal and the possibility of using fish as an ideal monitoring matrix for marine environments, to detect the concentration of heavy metals and organic pollutants. The different extraction and analytical techniques used for fish biomonitoring will be also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheikh Tidiane Dione
- Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health (ICPEES, UMR 7515 CNRS), University of Strasbourg, 25 Rue Becquerel, 67087, Strasbourg Cedex 3, France
- Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Physical Organic Chemistry and Environmental Analysis (LCPOAE), Dakar, Senegal
| | - Momar Ndiaye
- Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Physical Organic Chemistry and Environmental Analysis (LCPOAE), Dakar, Senegal
| | - Olivier Delhomme
- Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health (ICPEES, UMR 7515 CNRS), University of Strasbourg, 25 Rue Becquerel, 67087, Strasbourg Cedex 3, France
- Faculty of Sciences and Technics, Lorraine University, Metz, France
| | - Cheikhna Diebakate
- Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Department of Animal Biology, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Birame Ndiaye
- Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Physical Organic Chemistry and Environmental Analysis (LCPOAE), Dakar, Senegal
| | - Ibrahima Diagne
- Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Physical Organic Chemistry and Environmental Analysis (LCPOAE), Dakar, Senegal
| | - Dame Cisse
- Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Physical Organic Chemistry and Environmental Analysis (LCPOAE), Dakar, Senegal
| | - Maoudo Hane
- Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Physical Organic Chemistry and Environmental Analysis (LCPOAE), Dakar, Senegal
| | - Mame Mor Dione
- Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Physical Organic Chemistry and Environmental Analysis (LCPOAE), Dakar, Senegal
| | - Sitor Diouf
- Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Physical Organic Chemistry and Environmental Analysis (LCPOAE), Dakar, Senegal
| | - Abdoulaye Diop
- Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Physical Organic Chemistry and Environmental Analysis (LCPOAE), Dakar, Senegal
| | - Maurice Millet
- Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health (ICPEES, UMR 7515 CNRS), University of Strasbourg, 25 Rue Becquerel, 67087, Strasbourg Cedex 3, France.
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Saito-Shida S, Saito M, Nemoto S, Tsutsumi T. GC–MS/MS method for determining quizalofop ethyl, quizalofop tefuryl, and their metabolites in foods. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.105011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Zaouak A, Chouchane H, Jelassi H. Kinetic and mechanism investigation on the gamma irradiation induced degradation of quizalofop-p-ethyl. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:4147-4155. [PMID: 34182888 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1944325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
An efficient gamma radiolytic decomposition of one of the extensively used herbicides in the world quizalofo-p-ethyl (QPE) was explored under different experimental conditions. Aqueous solutions of QPE were irradiated by gamma rays emitted by a Cobalt 60 source. QPE aqueous solutions were irradiated at doses of 0.5-3 kGy with 26.31 Gy min-1 dose rate. Obtained results indicated that removal efficiency of 98.5% and 73% of QPE were obtained, respectively, in absence and in presence of dissolved oxygen. Change of absorption spectra, pH effect and Total Organic Carbon (TOC) were carried out and studied. It was found that all absorption bands decreased with increasing irradiation dose and disappear totally after 3 kGy applied dose. Three pH conditions (pH = 10, pH = 6.2 and pH = 3) were applied in radiolytic degradation of QPE showing that the best removal efficiency has been found for neutral pH. Interestingly, the % TOC removal reaches 98% at 3 kGy indicated practically total mineralization. Furthermore, spectrophotometric analyses argued in favour of a pseudo-first-order kinetic of QPE degradation. The resulting apparent rate constant value is approximately kapp = (0.012 ± 0.001) min-1. Finally, several by-products such as 6-chloroquinoxalin -2-ol, 2-(4-hydroxy-phenyoxy) propionate, 1,4-hydroquinone, quinone, 4-chlorobenzene-1,2diol and 1,2,4-benzenetriol were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) evidencing that radiation process starting with the fragmentation of the molecule involving the hydroxyl radical, which is generated by the radiolysis of water. Based on the identification intermediates, a degradation mechanistic schema of QPE has been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Zaouak
- Research Laboratory on Energy and Matter for Nuclear Science Development (LR16CNSTN02), National Center for Nuclear Science and Technologies, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Habib Chouchane
- Univ. Manouba, ISBST, LR11-ES31 BVBGR, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Haikel Jelassi
- Research Laboratory on Energy and Matter for Nuclear Science Development (LR16CNSTN02), National Center for Nuclear Science and Technologies, Tunis, Tunisia
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Tidiane Dione C, Delhomme O, Diagne I, Diebakate C, Ndiaye B, Cisse D, Hane M, Dione MM, Diouf S, Diop A, Ndiaye M, Millet M. Application of the QuEChERS method for the determination of pesticides, PAHs and PCBs in fish in Senegal. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2022; 57:869-879. [PMID: 36111817 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2022.2123188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pollution of water by persistent organic pollutants is well described; however, little is known about the accumulation of these pollutants by aquatic organisms. For this reason, a method based on QuEChERS extraction and gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) was developed for the determination of pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the muscles of five fish species from the bay of Soumbedioune (Dakar, Senegal). This method shows good recoveries of extraction (68.2-98.1% for pesticides, 83.87-98.10% for PAHs and 81.30-98.15% for PCBs), precision (% RSD ≤ 1%), sensitivity (LODs between 0.001 and 0.079 ng g-1), linearity (R2 ≥ 0.99) and repeatability and reproducibility, evaluated for three concentration levels (10 ng g-1, 200 ng g-1 and 500 ng g-1), ≤ 15% for the majority of pollutants under study except for alachlor, atrazine, acetochlor, dicofol, deltamethrin and dichlorvos where a RSD ≥ 20% was determined for the 10 ng g-1 concentration. Organic pollutants have been detected in fish from the Soumbedioune coast demonstrating the necessity of a regular survey of water and fish in order to protect the populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheikh Tidiane Dione
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES, UMR 7515 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg Cedex 3, France
- Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Organique et d'Analyse Environnementale (LCPOAE)-UCAD, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Olivier Delhomme
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES, UMR 7515 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg Cedex 3, France
- Université de Lorraine, Site de Metz, Metz, France
| | - Ibrahima Diagne
- Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Organique et d'Analyse Environnementale (LCPOAE)-UCAD, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Cheikhna Diebakate
- Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Département de Biologie Animale, UCAD, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Birame Ndiaye
- Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Organique et d'Analyse Environnementale (LCPOAE)-UCAD, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Dame Cisse
- Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Organique et d'Analyse Environnementale (LCPOAE)-UCAD, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Maoudo Hane
- Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Organique et d'Analyse Environnementale (LCPOAE)-UCAD, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Mame Mor Dione
- Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Organique et d'Analyse Environnementale (LCPOAE)-UCAD, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Sitor Diouf
- Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Organique et d'Analyse Environnementale (LCPOAE)-UCAD, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Abdoulaye Diop
- Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Organique et d'Analyse Environnementale (LCPOAE)-UCAD, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Momar Ndiaye
- Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Organique et d'Analyse Environnementale (LCPOAE)-UCAD, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Maurice Millet
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES, UMR 7515 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg Cedex 3, France
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8
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Liu Z, Zhao H, Wang J, Wang Z, Di S, Xu H, Wang Q, Wang X, Wang X, Qi P. Magnetic polymer particles as a highly efficient and facile cleanup adsorbent for multi-pesticide residues analysis in aquatic products. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 241:113830. [PMID: 36068757 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A novel and efficient sample pretreatment procedure using magnetic particles was exploited for the determination of multi-pesticide residues in aquatic products. The magnetic adsorbent was prepared using divinyl benzene and N-vinyl pyrrolidone as functional monomers modified on the Fe3O4 @SiO2. The obtained magnetic adsorbent, octadecylsilane sorbents, and graphitized carbon black were employed as effective adsorbents to remove matrix interferences in aquatic products, and their dosages were optimized. Satisfactory levels of accuracy and precision were procured under optimum conditions. The method limits of quantification ranged from 0.1 to 2.0 μg/kg. The analytical accuracy of the developed method for the analysis of multi-pesticide residues in freshwater and seafood products was validated. It was found to be suitable for the analysis of multi-pesticide residues in different types of aquatic products. Additionally, the method was successfully applied for the analysis of pesticide residues in fish samples obtained from aquaculture plants located in Zhejiang Province, China. The detected concentrations of pesticides ranged from 0.14 to 0.95 μg/kg. In general, this method shows promising application prospects for the rapid determination of multi-pesticide residues in aquatic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Huiyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Jiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Shanshan Di
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Hao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Xinhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Xinquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310021, PR China.
| | - Peipei Qi
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310021, PR China.
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9
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Didoné EJ, Minella JPG, Tiecher T, Zanella R, Prestes OD, Evrard O. Mobilization and transport of pesticides with runoff and suspended sediment during flooding events in an agricultural catchment of Southern Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:39370-39386. [PMID: 33755887 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13303-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Brazil is one of the largest consumers of pesticides in the world, and these chemicals present a high contamination risk for the country's water bodies. The mechanisms of mobilization and transport of pesticides from cropland to river systems are controlled by runoff and erosion processes occurring at the catchment scale. In addition to the excessive use of pesticides, the transport processes of these substances are also accelerated by inadequate soil management and the absence of soil conservation measures at the catchment scale. The current research relied on hydrological monitoring to investigate the transport and persistence of pesticides in response to hydrological dynamics. The study was conducted in the Conceição River watershed where runoff and suspended sediment fluxes are continuously monitored at the outlet. This study area is representative of the grain production system in southern Brazil including the application of large amounts of pesticides combined with extensive runoff and erosion problems. Sample collection in the river for pesticide analysis included the analysis of both water and suspended sediment. The sediment deposit analysis was performed in a single location at 4 depths. Results demonstrate the occurrence of pesticides including simazine, 2,4-D, carbendazim, imidacloprid, tebuconazole, propiconazole, tetraconazole, and trifloxystrobin in water, while glyphosate and AMPA were detected in suspended sediments, and AMPA and carbendazim were found in sediment deposits. The study demonstrated the strong dependence of the mechanisms of pesticide mobilization and transport in the catchment with the intra- and interevent variability of hydro-sedimentary processes. Pesticide detections can be related to several factors, including the magnitude of the rainfall event, the period of pesticide application, or the transport of suspended sediment. All these factors are correlated, and the mechanisms of transportation play an important role in the connections between sink and sources. The results suggest that pesticide monitoring should take into account the runoff and erosion pathways in each particular catchment, and it should especially include the monitoring of major rainfall events for identifying and quantifying the occurrence of pesticides in the environment. The transport of pesticides indicates to be potentiated by intensive pesticide use, the magnitude of rainfall-runoff events, and the absence of runoff control measures (e.g., terracing). These results demonstrate that water and soil conservation techniques should be planned and coordinated at the watershed scale to reduce the connectivity of water and sediment flows from agricultural areas to river systems with the implementation of effective runoff control practices. This will control the mobilization agents (runoff), as well as limit the connection between the sources and the water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizeu Jonas Didoné
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Avenida Roraima, no. 1000, Prédio 42, sala 3311ª, Santa Maria, RS, CEP 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Jean Paolo Gomes Minella
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Avenida Roraima, no. 1000, Prédio 42, sala 3311ª, Santa Maria, RS, CEP 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Tales Tiecher
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Bento Gonçalves, 7712, Porto Alegre, RS, 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Renato Zanella
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Avenida Roraima, no. 1000, Prédio 42, sala 3311ª, Santa Maria, RS, CEP 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Osmar Damian Prestes
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Avenida Roraima, no. 1000, Prédio 42, sala 3311ª, Santa Maria, RS, CEP 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Olivier Evrard
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE/IPSL), UMR 8212 (CEA/CNRS/UVSQ), Université Paris-Saclay, Centre CEA Paris-Saclay, l'Orme des Merisiers, bât. 714, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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10
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Chuang S, Yang H, Wang X, Xue C, Jiang J, Hong Q. Potential effects of Rhodococcus qingshengii strain djl-6 on the bioremediation of carbendazim-contaminated soil and the assembly of its microbiome. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 414:125496. [PMID: 33667802 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As a widely used fungicide, the environmental fate of carbendazim and its residues in agricultural products have caused great concern. However, its effects on soil microbial communities are largely unknown. Herein, we used high-throughput sequencing to reveal the effects of high and low dose of carbendazim and its degrading strain, Rhodococcus qingshengii strain djl-6, on the composition, diversity, and interrelationship of soil bacterial and fungal communities in short- and medium-term under laboratory conditions. The results showed that carbendazim exhibited an increased negative impact on bacterial communities and reduced the proportion of dominant fungal phylum Ascomycota during a 14-day incubation period. Only the impacts of low-dose carbendazim (2 mg·kg-1 dry soil) on fungal community were weakened. Network analysis showed that carbendazim increased the connectivity and modularity of microbial co-occurrence networks. Strain djl-6 exhibited good potential for bioremediation of carbendazim-contaminated soils. Moreover, it driven the assembly of potential carbendazim-degrading consortia from indigenous microbial communities; and members of the genera Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Brevundimonas, Lysinibacillus, Massilia, Mycobacterium, Paenibacillus, and Pseudarthrobacter might be participated in the degradation of carbendazim. Taken together, our study provides a relatively comprehensive understanding of the effects of carbendazim and its degrading strain djl-6 on soil microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaochuang Chuang
- Department of Microbiology, Key Lab of Environmental Microbiology for Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hongxing Yang
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Chao Xue
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiandong Jiang
- Department of Microbiology, Key Lab of Environmental Microbiology for Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qing Hong
- Department of Microbiology, Key Lab of Environmental Microbiology for Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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11
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Chiaia-Hernández AC, Zander PD, Schneider T, Szidat S, Lloren R, Grosjean M. High-Resolution Historical Record of Plant Protection Product Deposition Documented by Target and Nontarget Trend Analysis in a Swiss Lake under Anthropogenic Pressure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:13090-13100. [PMID: 32940459 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c04842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A multiproxy workflow was used to assess >60 plant protection products (PPPs) in sediment samples from a Swiss lake under heavy agricultural pressure. The results show the appearance of PPPs for the first time in the early 1960s with an overall detection of 34 PPPs and with herbicides and fungicides found in equal proportions. Paleolimnological data [e.g., chronology, hyperspectral imaging of sedimentary green pigments, and semiquantitative elemental composition (μXRF scans)] suggest that PPP concentrations and fluxes to the sediment over time are not related to land surface processes such as soil erosion or lake biogeochemistry but are attributed mainly to PPP application (inferred from sales) or regulatory measures (bans). Additional compounds with similar sources of contamination as the target PPPs captured by nontarget trend analysis (≥2000 unknown profiles) reveal significant inputs of contaminants to the lake starting in the 1970s, followed by a decrease of contamination at the beginning of the 1990s and a constant increase by ∼28% of the unknown compounds since the year 2000. An ecological risk assessment conducted on detected PPPs indicates that since the 1980s, the sediment quality is insufficient with risk quotient values displaying maximum levels in the most recent sediments (∼2010) despite bans of specific PPPs and environmental regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurea C Chiaia-Hernández
- Institute of Geography and Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Paul D Zander
- Institute of Geography and Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Schneider
- Climate System Research Center, Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst 01003, United States
| | - Sönke Szidat
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Ronald Lloren
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
- Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Zürich, 8006 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Grosjean
- Institute of Geography and Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland
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12
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Kondo K, Wakasone Y, Iijima K, Ohyama K. Inverse modeling of laboratory experiment to assess parameter transferability of pesticide environmental fate into outdoor experiments under paddy test systems. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:2768-2780. [PMID: 32202059 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extraction of environmental fate parameters for pesticides by inverse modeling in laboratory experiments has evolved to become a common practice in higher tier exposure modeling. This study focuses on flooded paddy soil conditions using a simple container test system. Four active ingredients of paddy herbicide were tested. The results were parameterized and transferred to analyze the effect of formulation types on the outdoor experimental data via inverse analyses of two structurally-compatible mathematical models, namely: pesticide concentration in paddy field for laboratory (PCPF-LR) and PCPF for outdoors (PCPF-1Rv1.1 ). RESULTS After in-laboratory calibration, the PCPF-LR model revealed statistically acceptable or ideal simulations of pesticide concentrations in both the aqueous and soil phases (e.g. Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency > 0.7), in addition to determining the apparent sorption from the laboratory data. The extracted persistence indicators (degradation half-life, DegT50 ) in the aqueous phase were 1.4-38.7 times higher than those of the dissipation (DT50 ) due to the exclusion of partitioning and phase transfer processes (diffusion and sorption). In the outdoor experiment, 72% of the outdoor-calibrated simulations of the PCPF-1Rv1.1 model, showed statistically acceptable representations of the concentrations in paddy water. Furthermore, the DegT50 as 'bulk' degradation in paddy water was statistically insignificant between the formulation types; however, the DT50 demonstrated statistically different results. CONCLUSION The laboratory/outdoor data interconnections using proposed modeling approach facilitate the data-specific model calibration and analysis. These can be useful in the exposure modeling of paddy pesticide by manipulating the parameter uncertainties associated with the experimental constraints. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Kondo
- Chemistry Division, The Institute of Environmental Toxicology (IET), Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Wakasone
- Chemistry Division, The Institute of Environmental Toxicology (IET), Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Iijima
- Chemistry Division, The Institute of Environmental Toxicology (IET), Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Ohyama
- Chemistry Division, The Institute of Environmental Toxicology (IET), Ibaraki, Japan
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13
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López-Ruiz R, Romero-González R, Ortega-Carrasco E, Martínez Vidal JL, Garrido Frenich A. Degradation studies of dimethachlor in soils and water by UHPLC-HRMS: putative elucidation of unknown metabolites. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:721-729. [PMID: 31373749 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Degradation of dimethachlor was evaluated in soils and water, detecting metabolites in incurred samples. Putative elucidation was performed using HRMS and software tools, detecting new possible metabolites of dimethachlor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalía López-Ruiz
- Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Mediterranean Intensive Agrosystems and Agri-Food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, Almería, Spain
| | - Roberto Romero-González
- Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Mediterranean Intensive Agrosystems and Agri-Food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, Almería, Spain
| | | | - José L Martínez Vidal
- Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Mediterranean Intensive Agrosystems and Agri-Food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, Almería, Spain
| | - Antonia Garrido Frenich
- Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Mediterranean Intensive Agrosystems and Agri-Food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, Almería, Spain
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14
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A reliable LC-MS/MS-based method for trace level determination of 50 medium to highly polar pesticide residues in sediments and ecological risk assessment. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:7981-7996. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02188-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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15
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Barbieri MV, Postigo C, Guillem-Argiles N, Monllor-Alcaraz LS, Simionato JI, Stella E, Barceló D, López de Alda M. Analysis of 52 pesticides in fresh fish muscle by QuEChERS extraction followed by LC-MS/MS determination. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 653:958-967. [PMID: 30759621 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide pollution in water has been well described; however, little is known on pesticide accumulation by aquatic organisms, and to date, most studies in this line have been focused on persistent organochlorine pesticides. For this reason, a method based on QuEChERS extraction and subsequent liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis has been developed and validated for the determination of 52 medium to highly polar pesticides in fresh fish muscle. Target pesticides were selected on the basis of use and occurrence in surface waters. Quantification is carried out following an isotope dilution approach. The method developed is satisfactory in terms of accuracy (relative recoveries between 71 and 120%), precision (relative standard deviations below 21%) and sensitivity (limits of determination in the pg/g or low ng/g f.w. range for most compounds). The application of the validated methodology to fish specimens collected from the Adige River (Italy) revealed the presence of trace levels of diazinon, dichlorvos and diuron, and measurable levels of metolachlor, quinoxyfen, irgarol, terbutryn, and acetamiprid, but in all cases at concentrations below the default maximum residue level of 10 ng/g established for pesticides not specifically regulated in fish intended for human consumption. Metolachlor and quinoxyfen were both the most ubiquitous and abundant pesticides, in agreement with their high potential for bioaccumulation. Both are toxic to aquatic organisms, and therefore, their potential effects on aquatic ecosystems should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vittoria Barbieri
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Postigo
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7050, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Nuria Guillem-Argiles
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Simon Monllor-Alcaraz
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Elisa Stella
- University of Trento, Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Via Mesiano 77, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Damià Barceló
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Emili Grahit, 101, Edifici H2O, Parc Científic i Tecnològic de la Universitat de Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Miren López de Alda
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Casado J, Santillo D, Johnston P. Multi-residue analysis of pesticides in surface water by liquid chromatography quadrupole-Orbitrap high resolution tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1024:1-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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17
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López-Ruiz R, Romero-González R, Martínez Vidal JL, Garrido Frenich A. Behavior of quizalofop-p and its commercial products in water by liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 157:285-291. [PMID: 29627412 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.03.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A degradation study of quizalofop-p and its commercial products (quizalofop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-tefuryl and propaquizafop) in water samples has been performed using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS). CHHQ (dihydroxychloroquinoxalin), CHQ (6-chloroquinoxalin-2-ol) and PPA ((R)-2-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)propionicacid) were the main metabolites of this active substance (quizalofop-p) in water. The degradation of the parent compound has been monitored in distilled water. Several commercial products (Panarex®, Master-D® and Dixon®) were used to evaluate the degradation of the target compounds into their metabolites. The concentration of the main active substances (quizalofop-p-tefuryl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and propaquizafop) decreased during the degradation studies, whereas the concentration of quizalofop-p increased. DT50 of the main active substances ranged from 10 days to 70 days for most of the analytes, so it can be concluded that compounds are medium-high persistent in this matrix. Metabolites, such as PPA, CHHQ and CHQ, were detected in water samples after 7 days of the application of the commercial products at concentrations higher than their limits of quantification (> 0.1 µg/L). CHQ was detected at 1400 µg/L after 75 days of the application of quizalofop-p-ethyl commercial product. CHHQ and CHQ were found at the highest concentrations at 7-45 days after the application of quizalofop-p-tefuryl, whereas PPA was detected at higher concentrations (up to 5.37 µg/L) in propaquizafop samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalía López-Ruiz
- Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, Andalusian Center for the Evaluation and Monitoring of Global Change (CAESCG), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - Roberto Romero-González
- Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, Andalusian Center for the Evaluation and Monitoring of Global Change (CAESCG), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - José Luis Martínez Vidal
- Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, Andalusian Center for the Evaluation and Monitoring of Global Change (CAESCG), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - Antonia Garrido Frenich
- Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, Andalusian Center for the Evaluation and Monitoring of Global Change (CAESCG), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120 Almeria, Spain.
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18
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Ogbeide O, Chukwuka A, Tongo I, Ezemonye L. Relationship between geosorbent properties and field-based partition coefficients for pesticides in surface water and sediments of selected agrarian catchments: Implications for risk assessment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 217:23-37. [PMID: 29579538 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Studies on pesticide behavior, adsorption-likelihood, and bioavailability vis-a-vis geosorbent properties and seasons, are critical for understanding pesticide-fate and risks in pesticide-prone environments. We examined the relationship between geosorbent profiles of sediments (percentage sand, silt, clay, organic carbon content) across seasons and occurrence of pesticide residues in surface water and sediment of agricultural catchments at Owan, Ogbesse and Illushi communities of Edo State, Nigeria. Pesticide concentrations were measured monthly in samples of surface water and sediments across the selected sites for 18-months. Pesticide behavior and sorption-likelihoods were examined using partition coefficients Kd (sediment-water coefficient), Koc (sediment-water coefficient normalized for organic carbon) and Log Kow (octane-water coefficient); the relationship between Kd and Koc was also examined. Results of the principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that pesticide levels in sediment and surface water were positively associated with the rainy season, total organic content (TOC), percentage silt and clay in sediment. Field-derived pesticide partition coefficients (Kd < 100 and log Koc < 3) indicated that pesticide species were largely mobile and less likely to be retained in sediments by adsorption. As such, pesticides irrespective of solubility would end up in surface water, increasing risks for pelagic biota and humans sourcing river water for domestic use. Values of Log Kow indicate that organochlorines including DDT, dieldrin, endrin and heptachlor epoxide portend significant bioaccumulation risks to humans and biota across sites. The relationship between Kd and Koc for each site fitted into a quadratic model; it depicted a biphasic behavior of pesticide adsorption and desorption to sediments revealing that concentration of organic carbon across study sites was a limiting factor determining the extent of pesticide adsorption. This study demonstrates that understanding pesticide mobility using field-based partition coefficients could give a clearer picture of pesticide risks to biota and human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozekeke Ogbeide
- Ecotoxicology Unit, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of the Free State, Qwa Qwa Campus, Free State, South Africa; Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Azubuike Chukwuka
- Environmental Quality Control (EQC) Department, Conservation Unit, National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA), Osun State, Nigeria.
| | - Isioma Tongo
- Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Lawrence Ezemonye
- Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
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19
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Massei R, Busch W, Wolschke H, Schinkel L, Bitsch M, Schulze T, Krauss M, Brack W. Screening of Pesticide and Biocide Patterns As Risk Drivers in Sediments of Major European River Mouths: Ubiquitous or River Basin-Specific Contamination? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:2251-2260. [PMID: 29353470 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b04355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides and biocides (PaB) are ubiquitously present in aquatic ecosystems due to their widespread application and have been detected in rivers at concentrations that may cause distress to aquatic life. Many of these compounds accumulate in sediments acting as long-term source for aquatic ecosystems. However, data on sediment contamination with current-use PaB in Europe are scarce. Thus, in this study, we elucidated PaB patterns and associated risks in sediments of seven major European rivers focusing on their last stretch as an integrative sink of particles transported by these rivers. Sediments were extracted with pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) using a broad-spectrum method recovering many compound classes with a wide range of physicochemical properties. Altogether 126 compounds were analyzed and 81 of them were detected with LC-HRMS and GC-NCI-MS/MS at least in one of the sediments. The highest number of compounds was detected (59) in River Elbe sediments close to Cuxhaven with outstanding concentrations ranging from 0.8 to 1691 mg/g organic carbon. Multivariate analysis identified a cluster with 3 ubiquitous compounds (cyhalothrin, carbendazim, fenpropimorph) and three clusters of chemicals with higher variability within and between rivers. Risk assessment indicates an acute toxic risk to benthic crustaceans at all investigated sites with the pyrethroids tefluthrin and cyfluthrin together with the fungicide carbendazim as the main drivers. Risks to algae were driven at most sites almost exclusively by photosynthesis inhibitors with estuary-specific herbicide mixtures, while in the rivers Po and Gironde cell division inhibitors played an important role at some sites. Mixtures of specific concern have been defined and suggested for integration in future monitoring programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Massei
- Department Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Ecosystem Analyses, RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research , Worringerweg 1, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wibke Busch
- Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hendrik Wolschke
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Centre for Materials and Coastal Research, Institute of Coastal Research , Department for Environmental Chemistry, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Lena Schinkel
- Department Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maike Bitsch
- Department Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tobias Schulze
- Department Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Krauss
- Department Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Werner Brack
- Department Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Ecosystem Analyses, RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research , Worringerweg 1, Aachen, Germany
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Polat A, Polat S, Simsek A, Kurt TT, Ozyurt G. Pesticide residues in muscles of some marine fish species and seaweeds of Iskenderun Bay (Northeastern Mediterranean), Turkey. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:3756-3764. [PMID: 29168137 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0756-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide residues in muscles of nine marine fish and four seaweed species of Iskenderun Bay (Northeastern Mediterranean) have been investigated. In sampled fish species, two herbicides, three insecticides, two fungicides, and one synergist were identified and quantified. Metribuzin DADK, propamocarb HCl, and piperonyl butoxide (PBO) were detected in all the muscles of sampled fish species. Metribuzin DADK was the most abundant pesticide residue in fish muscles and the highest metribuzin DADK concentration was found in sardine (311.20 μg/kg). Propamocarb HCl concentrations varied greatly among species; from 0.530 ± 0.020 μg/kg in striped sea bream to 34.170 μg/kg in sea bass. The level of PBO ranged from 0.001 μg/kg for fourlined terapon to 0.013 μg/kg for sardine. No measurable oxamyl residue was found in any of the muscles of sampled fish species (except sardine). In seaweeds, two herbicides and two insecticides were identified and quantified. Metribuzin DADK was the most abundant and found in Cystoseira corniculata (5.01 mg/kg), Corallina elongata (0.703 mg/kg), and Jania rubens (3.85 mg/kg). Molinate was a minor contaminant and only found in Corallina elongata (0.002 mg/kg). Pyrethrin I was determined only in Padina pavonia to be 0.567 mg/kg. Pyrethrine II was found in Padina pavonia and Corallina elongate to be 1.214 and 0.229 mg/kg, respectively. The most hazardous pesticide residues of organochlorines and organophosphorus were not detected in both sampled fish muscles and seaweeds. There are no clear maximum residue limits for the detected eight pesticide residues declared for fish muscle by European Union MRL (2017). In conclusion, it can be considered that observed concentrations of pesticides in sampled nine marine fish species do not have a potential health risk for consumers. Some of the detected pesticide residues can be toxic for algae and aquatic life and regular monitoring studies are therefore essential to control the pesticide concentrations of aquatic biota in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurahman Polat
- Department of Fisheries and Fish Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Çukurova University, Balcali, 01330, Adana, Turkey
| | - Sevim Polat
- Department of Fisheries and Fish Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Çukurova University, Balcali, 01330, Adana, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Simsek
- Department of Fisheries and Fish Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Çukurova University, Balcali, 01330, Adana, Turkey
| | - Tuba Terbiyik Kurt
- Department of Fisheries and Fish Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Çukurova University, Balcali, 01330, Adana, Turkey
| | - Gülsün Ozyurt
- Department of Fisheries and Fish Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Çukurova University, Balcali, 01330, Adana, Turkey.
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Thinh NQ, Phu TM, Douny C, Phuong NT, Huong DTT, Kestemont P, Scippo ML. Bioconcentration and half-life of quinalphos pesticide in rice-fish integration system in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2018; 53:35-41. [PMID: 29035631 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2017.1371551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In order to determine the distribution and enable the elimination of quinalphos, a popular active pesticide compound used in the Mekong Delta, an experiment was set up in a rice-fish integration system in Can Tho City, Vietnam. Fish was stocked into the field when the rice was two-months old. Quinalphos was applied twice in doses of 42.5 g per 1000 m2. Water, fish and sediment samples were collected at time intervals and analyzed by a Gas Chromatography Electron Capture Detector system. The results show that quinalphos residues in fish muscles were much higher than those of the water and the bioconcentration factor (logBCF) was above 2 for the fish. The half-life of first and second quinalphos applications were 12.2 and 11.1 days for sediment, 2.5 and 1.1 days for silver barb, 1.9 and 1.3 days for common carp, and 1.1 and 1.0 days for water, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Quoc Thinh
- a Department of Fish Nutrition and Aquatic Food Processing , College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho University , Can Tho City , Vietnam
- b Department of Food Sciences, Laboratory of Food Analysis , FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège , Liège , Belgium
| | - Tran Minh Phu
- a Department of Fish Nutrition and Aquatic Food Processing , College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho University , Can Tho City , Vietnam
| | - Caroline Douny
- b Department of Food Sciences, Laboratory of Food Analysis , FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège , Liège , Belgium
| | - Nguyen Thanh Phuong
- a Department of Fish Nutrition and Aquatic Food Processing , College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho University , Can Tho City , Vietnam
| | - Do Thi Thanh Huong
- a Department of Fish Nutrition and Aquatic Food Processing , College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho University , Can Tho City , Vietnam
| | - Patrick Kestemont
- c Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, University of Namur , Namur , Belgium
| | - Marie-Louise Scippo
- b Department of Food Sciences, Laboratory of Food Analysis , FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège , Liège , Belgium
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Fu L, Lu X, Tan J, Wang L, Chen J. Multiresidue determination and potential risks of emerging pesticides in aquatic products from Northeast China by LC-MS/MS. J Environ Sci (China) 2018; 63:116-125. [PMID: 29406095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A simple method for determining 33 pesticides with a wide polarity range (logKow 0.6-4.5) in aquatic products was developed based on LC-MS/MS. The target analytes included three types of widely used pesticides: insecticides, fungicides and herbicides. Based on the optimization of ultrasonic assisted extraction and GPC clean-up procedures, the matrix effect, extraction recoveries and LOD were improved distinctively. LOQ of this method was below 0.5ng/g for all pesticides, which is superior to values in the literature, and the matrix effect was reduced effectively (-14.7% to 7.5%). The method was successfully applied to investigate the pesticide residue levels of twenty-five samples including seven common kinds of fishes from Northeast China. The results showed that all targeted pesticides were present in the fish samples; however, their levels were low, except for atrazine, linuron, ethoprophos, tetrachlorvinphos, acetochlor and fenthion. Atrazine and linuron caught our attention because the concentrations of atrazine in fish samples from Liaoning province were in the range of 0.5-8ng/g (w/w) with mean concentration of 2.3ng/g, which were far above those of other pesticides. The levels of linuron were in the range of 0.6-6ng/g (mean concentration 2.8ng/g), which were the highest among all targeted pesticides in the Inner Mongolia. This is the first systematic investigation on the characteristics and levels of these pesticides in aquatic products from northeast China. Considering their toxicity and bioaccumulation, the potential risk of atrazine and linuron from consuming aquatic products should be paid more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Fu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xianbo Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Jun Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Longxing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jiping Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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López-Ruiz R, Romero-González R, Martínez Vidal JL, Fernández-Pérez M, Garrido Frenich A. Degradation studies of quizalofop-p and related compounds in soils using liquid chromatography coupled to low and high resolution mass analyzers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 607-608:204-213. [PMID: 28692891 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive degradation study of quizalofop-p, quizalofop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-tefuryl and propaquizafop in soil samples have been firstly performed using ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled to Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS). Thus, metabolites or degradation products, such as CHHQ (dihydroxychloroquinoxalin), CHQ (6-chloroquinoxalin-2-ol), PPA ((R)-2-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)propionic acid) and 2,3-dihydroxyquinoxaline were also monitored. An extraction procedure based on QuEChERS procedure was used. Acidified water (0.1M hydrochloric acid) and acidified acetonitrile (1% acetic acid, (v/v)) were used as extraction solvents, and magnesium sulfate and sodium chloride were used as salts. Dispersive solid phase extraction with C18 as sorbent, was needed as a clean-up step. Several commercial products (Panarex®, Master-D® and Dixon®) were used to evaluate the degradation of the target compounds into their metabolites. The concentration of the main active substances (quizalofop-p-tefuryl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and propaquizafop) decreased during the degradation studies, whereas the concentration of quizalofop-p increased. Dissipation rates of half-live of quizalofop-p were also evaluated, and it was observed that this compound is easily degraded, obtaining values lower than 1day. Taking into account that quizalofop-p is the R enantiomer of quizalofop, a chiral separation was performed by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry, concluding that in samples containing quizalofop-p-tefuryl, there was a 15% contribution from the S enantiomer and a 85% contribution from the R enantiomer. Metabolites such as PPA, CHHQ and CHQ were detected in soil samples after 15days of application commercial product at concentrations between the limits of detection (LOD) and the limits of quantification (LOQ). CHQ and CHHQ were detected at concentrations higher than the LOQ in samples after 50 and 80days of application, with their concentration increasing during this time up to 500%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalía López-Ruiz
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Roberto Romero-González
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120 Almería, Spain
| | - José Luis Martínez Vidal
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Manuel Fernández-Pérez
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Antonia Garrido Frenich
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120 Almería, Spain..
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Stevanovic M, Gasic S, Pipal M, Blahova L, Brkic D, Neskovic N, Hilscherova K. Toxicity of clomazone and its formulations to zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 188:54-63. [PMID: 28458150 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Herbicides are the most widely used group of pesticides but after reaching water bodies they are able to cause adverse effects on non-target organisms. Different formulations using the same active ingredient are frequently available, which raises the issue of potential influence of different formulation types on herbicide toxicity. The present study evaluated the toxicity and teratogenic effects of the active ingredient clomazone and its two formulations (Rampa® EC and GAT Cenit 36 CS, both containing 360g a.i./l of clomazone) on zebrafish embryos. The crucial difference between the two formulation types is the way of active substance release. This investigation is the first report on zebrafish embryotoxicity of both clomazone and its formulations. The technical active ingredient and formulations caused mortality and diverse teratogenic effects, showing different levels of toxicity. The LC50 values for the technical ingredient, Rampa® EC and GAT Cenit 36 CS were 61.4, 9.6 and 92.5mg a.i./l, respectively. Spontaneous movements in 22 hpf embryos decreased under exposure to both the technical ingredient and formulations. A significant number of underdeveloped embryos was detected after exposure to clomazone and Rampa® EC, while no underdevelopment was noted in embryos exposed to GAT Cenit 36 CS. Exposure to the technical ingredient and formulations led also to a series of morphological changes and interfered with the growth of zebrafish embryos. The EC50 based on detection of edemas, spine and tail tip deformations and gas bladder absence (120hpf) was 12.1, 10.1 and 24.1mg/l for technical clomazone, Rampa® EC and GAT Cenit 36 CS, while teratogenicity index (TI) based on LC50/EC50 ratio was 5.1, 1 and 3.8, respectively. The data in this study showed that the emulsifiable concentrate formulation (Rampa® EC) caused statistically significantly higher toxicity, and the aqueous capsule suspension (GAT Cenit 36 CS) lower toxicity than technical clomazone. It indicates that different formulations with the same active ingredient may have different environmental impacts, which is why risk assessment based only on active ingredient toxicity might not be sufficient in terms of preventing formulation effects on the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Stevanovic
- Institute for Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Banatska 31b, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slavica Gasic
- Institute for Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Banatska 31b, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marek Pipal
- Research Center for Toxic Compounds in Environment, Kamenice 753/5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Blahova
- Research Center for Toxic Compounds in Environment, Kamenice 753/5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dragica Brkic
- Institute for Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Banatska 31b, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nesko Neskovic
- Institute for Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Banatska 31b, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Klara Hilscherova
- Research Center for Toxic Compounds in Environment, Kamenice 753/5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic.
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25
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Núñez M, Borrull F, Pocurull E, Fontanals N. Pressurised liquid extraction and liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry to determine high-intensity sweeteners in fish samples. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1479:32-39. [PMID: 27986290 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
An analytical method based on pressurised liquid extraction (PLE) followed by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (Orbitrap) was developed for the simultaneous determination of ten high-intensity sweeteners in fish samples. As the method was developed, the different PLE parameters were optimised and different clean-up strategies were evaluated, of which in-cell clean-up using alumina and on-cell clean-up with hexane were the most effective. PLE recoveries were between 43% and 94%. The method quantification limits were between 12.5ngg-1 dry weight (d.w.) and 250ngg-1 (d.w.) and the method detection limits between 2.5ngg-1 (d.w.) and 125ngg-1 (d.w.). Intra-day precision and inter-day precision were below 16% and 25%, respectively. Fish samples from different species were analysed and, saccharin was found below its method quantification limit in the species Scomber scombrus (Atlantic mackerel).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Núñez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sescelades Campus, Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Francesc Borrull
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sescelades Campus, Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Eva Pocurull
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sescelades Campus, Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Núria Fontanals
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sescelades Campus, Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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Munaretto JS, May MM, Saibt N, Zanella R. Liquid chromatography with high resolution mass spectrometry for identification of organic contaminants in fish fillet: screening and quantification assessment using two scan modes for data acquisition. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1456:205-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Bussy U, Li K, Li W. Application of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in quantitative bioanalyses of organic molecules in aquatic environment and organisms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:9459-79. [PMID: 26996906 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6433-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Analytical methods using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for the simultaneous determination of metabolites or contaminants (or both) in various tissues of aquatic organisms and in the aquatic environment have received increasing attention in the last few years. This review discusses the findings relevant to such procedures published between 2005 and 2015. The aim is to evaluate the advantages, restrictions, and performances of the procedures from sample preparation to mass spectrometry measurement. To support these discussions, a general knowledge on LC-MS/MS is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Bussy
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, 480 Wilson Road, Room 13, Natural Resources Bldg., East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, 480 Wilson Road, Room 13, Natural Resources Bldg., East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Weiming Li
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, 480 Wilson Road, Room 13, Natural Resources Bldg., East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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Pang N, Wang T, Hu J. Method validation and dissipation kinetics of four herbicides in maize and soil using QuEChERS sample preparation and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.05.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Sack C, Vonderbrink J, Smoker M, Smith RE. Determination of Acid Herbicides Using Modified QuEChERS with Fast Switching ESI(+)/ESI(-) LC-MS/MS. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:9657-9665. [PMID: 26473587 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A method for the determination of 35 acid herbicides in food matrices was developed, validated, and implemented. It utilizes a modified QuEChERS extraction procedure coupled with quantitation by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The acid herbicides analyzed are all organic carboxylic acids, including the older chlorophenoxy acid herbicides such as 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), dicamba, 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (4-CPA), quinclorac, and many of the newer imidazolinone herbicides such as imazethapyr and imazaquin. In the procedure, 10 mL of water is added to 5 g of sample and then extracted with 1% formic acid in acetonitrile for 1 min. The acetonitrile phase is salted out of the extract by adding sodium chloride and magnesium sulfate, followed by centrifugation. The acetonitrile is diluted 1:1 with water to enable quantitation by LC-MS/MS using fast switching between positive and negative electrospray ionization modes. The average recoveries for all the compounds except aminocyclopyrachlor were 95% with a precision of 8%. The method detection limits for all residues were less than 10 ng/g, and the correlation coefficients for the calibration curves was greater than 0.99 for all but two compounds tested. The method was used successfully for the quantitation of acid herbicides in the FDA's total diet study. The procedure proved to be accurate, precise, linear, sensitive, and rugged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Sack
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration , 11510 West 80th Street, Lenexa, Kansas 66224, United States
| | - John Vonderbrink
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration , 11510 West 80th Street, Lenexa, Kansas 66224, United States
| | - Michael Smoker
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration , 11510 West 80th Street, Lenexa, Kansas 66224, United States
| | - Robert E Smith
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration , 11510 West 80th Street, Lenexa, Kansas 66224, United States
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Cho HR, Park JS, Kim J, Han SB, Choi YS. Multiresidue method for the quantitation of 20 pesticides in aquatic products. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:9043-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-9071-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bedassa T, Gure A, Megersa N. Low density solvent based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and preconcentration of multiresidue pesticides in environmental waters for liquid chromatographic analysis. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934815100184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ribeiro C, Ribeiro AR, Maia AS, Gonçalves VMF, Tiritan ME. New trends in sample preparation techniques for environmental analysis. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2015; 44:142-85. [PMID: 25391434 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2013.833850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Environmental samples include a wide variety of complex matrices, with low concentrations of analytes and presence of several interferences. Sample preparation is a critical step and the main source of uncertainties in the analysis of environmental samples, and it is usually laborious, high cost, time consuming, and polluting. In this context, there is increasing interest in developing faster, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly sample preparation techniques. Recently, new methods have been developed and optimized in order to miniaturize extraction steps, to reduce solvent consumption or become solventless, and to automate systems. This review attempts to present an overview of the fundamentals, procedure, and application of the most recently developed sample preparation techniques for the extraction, cleanup, and concentration of organic pollutants from environmental samples. These techniques include: solid phase microextraction, on-line solid phase extraction, microextraction by packed sorbent, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, and QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Ribeiro
- a CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde , Gandra , Portugal
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Ivanova B, Spiteller M. Solid-state UV-MALDI mass spectrometric quantitation of fluroxypyr and triclopyr in soil. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2015; 37:557-574. [PMID: 25555463 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-014-9673-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The work presented here refers firstly to solid-state UV-MALDI-Orbitrap-mass spectrometric analysis of fluroxypyr (A) and triclopyr (B) in soils under laboratory conditions. The experimental design has involved the following: (a) determination of analytes A and B in polycrystalline composites of organic materials 1-7, based on 2-piperidine (pyrrolidine or piperazine)-1-yl-ethyl ammonium salts in order to determine the effect of sample preparation techniques on method performance using commercial herbicide formulations and (b) analysis of non-(X j,k,l (i) ) and sterilized (Y j,k,l (i) ) soil samples (i-fold rate 1, 10, 100, or 1,000; j-pesticide type A or B; k-time (0, 5, 10, 20, and 50 days) and l = 1-3 replicated samples) having clay content ∈ 5.0-12.0 %, silt ∈ 23.0-51.1 %, sand ∈ 7.2-72.0 %, and pH ∈ 4.0-8.1. In order to obtain a high representativeness of the data toward real-field experiments, the pollution scheme has involved 1-, 10-, 100-, and 1,000-fold rates. The firstfold rate has concentration of pollutant A of 2.639 × 10(-4) g in 625 cm(2) soil horizon of 0-25 cm(2) (5 cm depth) according to registration report (PSM-Zulassungbericht) of German Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety (Bundesamt für Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit) 6337/26.10.2009. The experimental design has involved quincunx systematic statistical approach for collection of soil samples. The performance has been compared with the corresponding statistical variable obtained, using an independent HPLC-ESI-(APCI-)-MS/MS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojidarka Ivanova
- Lehrstuhl für Analytische Chemie, Institut für Umweltforschung, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44227, Dortmund, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany,
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Pose-Juan E, Sánchez-Martín MJ, Andrades MS, Rodríguez-Cruz MS, Herrero-Hernández E. Pesticide residues in vineyard soils from Spain: Spatial and temporal distributions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 514:351-358. [PMID: 25679815 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Spatial and temporal evaluations of seventeen pesticides and some of their degradation products were carried out in seventeen vineyard soils from La Rioja region (Spain). The soils were sampled in March, June and October 2012, and the pesticides were selected among those previously detected in surface and ground waters from the same area. All pesticides were detected in some of the soils in the three different areas of La Rioja at the different sampling times, with only the metalaxyl metabolite, CGA-62826, not being detected in any of the soils sampled in October. The highest concentrations were determined for the fungicides metalaxyl (11.5 μg kg(-1)) and triadimenol (26.1 μg kg(-1)), the herbicides fluometuron (174.6 μg kg(-1)) and terbuthylazine (403.3 μg kg(-1)), and the insecticide methoxyfenozide (4.61 μg kg(-1)). While the highest total concentration of pesticides was detected in March, the highest number of positive detections was recorded in June (46), as opposed to 26 and 19 in March and October, respectively. Significant differences were detected in the concentrations of herbicides in soils from the three areas in La Rioja, but this was not the case for the fungicides and the insecticides. The study revealed a more intensive use of herbicides in March, while the use of insecticides and fungicides probably depended on the specific needs of crops and/or the onset of diseases. The results are consistent with the residues found in waters in the region, and highlight the need to implement strategies for more efficient application of these compounds to avoid risk of water contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Pose-Juan
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - María J Sánchez-Martín
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - M Soledad Andrades
- Departamento de Agricultura y Alimentación, Universidad de La Rioja, 51 Madre de Dios, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - M Sonia Rodríguez-Cruz
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Eliseo Herrero-Hernández
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
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Coupling passive sampling and time of flight mass spectrometry for a better estimation of polar pesticide freshwater contamination: Simultaneous target quantification and screening analysis. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1387:75-85. [PMID: 25702082 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was first to develop and validate an analytical method for the quantification of 35 polar pesticides and 9 metabolites by ultra-high-performance-liquid chromatography combined with a high resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer detector (UHPLC-(Q)-TOF). Various analytical conditions were investigated (eluent composition and mass parameters) to optimize analyte responses. Analytical performance (linearity, limit of quantification, and accuracy) was then evaluated and interference in the extract of a passive sampler exposed in freshwater (POCIS: Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler) was studied. The proposed quantification method was validated for 43 compounds with variation of calibration slopes below 10% in environmental matrix. For the unvalidated compound DIA (atrazine-desisopropyl: an atrazine metabolite), interference increased the error of concentration determination (50%). The limits of quantification obtained by combining POCIS and UHPLC-(Q)-TOF for 43 target compounds were between 0.1 (terbuthylazine) and 10.7 ng/L (acetochlor). Secondly, the method was successfully applied during a 14-day POCIS river exposure, and gave concentration values similar to a more commonly used triple quadrupole detector regarding concentration, but allowed for the detection of more compounds. Additionally with the targeted compound quantification, the (Q)-TOF mass spectrometer was also used for screening non-target compounds (other pesticides and pharmaceuticals) in POCIS extracts. Moreover, the acquisition of full scan MS data allowed the identification of the polyethylene glycol (PEG) compounds which gave unresolvable interference to DIA, and thus questions the ability of DIA to be used as performance reference compound (PRC) to determine sampling rates in situ. This study therefore illustrates the potential, and proposes a pathway, of UHPLC-(Q)-TOF combined with POCIS in situ pre-concentration for both quantitative and screening analyses of organic contaminants in water.
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Assessment of two extraction methods to determine pesticides in soils, sediments and sludges. Application to the Túria River Basin. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1378:19-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.11.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Molina-Ruiz JM, Cieslik E, Cieslik I, Walkowska I. Determination of pesticide residues in fish tissues by modified QuEChERS method and dual-d-SPE clean-up coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:369-378. [PMID: 25074831 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3361-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to modify the Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe (QuEChERS) method for the determination of organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides in fatty animal matrices such as fish muscle tissues of carp and sturgeon collected from Carp Valley, Lesser Poland. Pesticides extraction effectiveness was evaluated at 0.030 mg kg(-1) spiking level and efficiency of the dispersive-solid-phase extraction (d-SPE) clean-up step was evaluated by comparison testing two different d-SPE clean-up stages, first the addition of the d-SPE sorbent combination (PSA + SAX + NH2), and secondly the addition of C18 after extracts enrichment with the d-SPE sorbent combination (PSA + SAX + NH2), introducing a novel concept of clean-up named dual-d-SPE clean-up. Analysis of pesticide residues was performed by Gas Chromatography Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (GC/Q-MS) working in selected-ion monitoring (SIM) mode. Linear relation was observed from 0 to 200 ng mL(-1) and determination coefficient R(2) > 0.997 in all instances for all target analytes. Better recoveries and cleanliness of extracts in both samples, carp and sturgeon tissues, were obtained after C18 addition during the dual-d-SPE clean-up step. Recoveries were in the range 70-120%, with relative standard deviation lower than 10% at 0.030 mg kg(-1) spiking level for most pesticides. LODs ranged 0.001-0.003 mg kg(-1), while LOQs ranged 0.004-0.009 mg kg(-1). The proposed method was successfully applied analyzing pesticide residues in real carp and sturgeon muscle samples; detectable pesticide residues were observed, but in all of the cases contamination level was lower than the default maximum residue levels (MRLs) set by the European Union (EU), Regulation (EC) N 396/2005.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Molina-Ruiz
- Malopolska Centre of Food Monitoring, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 122 Balicka St, 30-149, Krakow, Poland,
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Kalogridi EC, Christophoridis C, Bizani E, Drimaropoulou G, Fytianos K. Part I: temporal and spatial distribution of multiclass pesticide residues in lake waters of Northern Greece: application of an optimized SPE-UPLC-MS/MS pretreatment and analytical method. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:7239-7251. [PMID: 24696214 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2793-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The present work describes the application of an analytical procedure, utilizing ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with mass spectrometry instrumentation, for the determination of 253 multiclass pesticides, classified in six different groups. Solid phase extraction was applied for the isolation and pre-concentration of target compounds in water samples. Surface waters of the lakes located in Northern Greece (Volvi, Doirani, and Kerkini), were collected in two time periods (fall/winter 2010 and spring/summer 2011) and analyzed, applying the developed analytical methods. Spatial distribution of detected pesticides was visualized using interpolation methods and geographical information systems (GIS). Pesticides with maximum concentrations were amitrole, propoxur, simazine, chlorpyrifos, carbendazim, triazophos, disulfoton-sulfone, pyridaben, sebuthylazine, terbuthylazine, atrazine, atrazine-desethyl, bensulfuron-methyl, metobromuron, metribuzin, rotenone, pyriproxyfen, and rimsulfuron. In Lake Kerkini, mainly carbamates and triazines were determined at elevated concentrations, near the coastal point of the NW side of the lake. Seasonal variations were strong among the applied pesticide classes and determined concentrations, indicating the contribution of pesticide application patterns and rainfall. Lake Doirani exhibited organophosphate pesticides at higher concentrations mainly at coastal points, while triazines emerged as the main pollutant during spring sampling. Lake Volvi exhibited the highest pesticide concentrations, mostly triazines and ureas at the central part of the lake. The occurrence of extreme values and nonconstant seasonal variations indicated that the concentrations were increased disproportionately during the second sampling, as a result of the varying contribution of pollution sources right after the application period. In all cases, the total concentration of pesticides increased during the second sampling period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni-Chrysoula Kalogridi
- Environmental Pollution Control Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Campo J, Masiá A, Blasco C, Picó Y. Occurrence and removal efficiency of pesticides in sewage treatment plants of four Mediterranean River Basins. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 263 Pt 1:146-57. [PMID: 24188900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Removal of contaminants in the sewage treatment plants (STPs) can be incomplete causing their release to the environment. In this paper, the results of an extensive survey on more than 40 pesticides carried out in 2010 and 2011 in 16 STPs of Ebro, Guadalquivir, Jucar and Llobregat Rivers (Spain) are presented. In 2010, of 43 analytes screened, 29 were detected in influent and 28 in effluent samples, meanwhile in 2011, of 50 analytes, 33 and 34 were detected, respectively. Pesticides were in the range of 0.33 ng L(-1) (terbumeton, 2011)-2526.05 ng L(-1) (diuron, 2010) for influent and 0.25 ng L(-1) (terbumeton, 2011)-2821.12 ng L(-1) (carbendazim, 2011) for effluent. Regarding the sludge samples, 11 pesticides were detected in 2010 and 24 in 2011 at concentrations up to 25667.34 ng g(-1) dry weight (dw). Removal efficiencies showed that, in 2010, the elimination ranged from -810% (chlorfenvinphos) to 93% (dimethoate), and in 2011, from -4575% (diazinon) to 97% (chlorfenvinphos). All these data confirm that most of the pesticides are only partially eliminated during the secondary and even tertiary treatments, commonly used in STPs, suggesting that they can be a focal point of contamination to the rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Campo
- Food and Environmental Safety Research Group (SAMA-UV), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
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Masiá A, Campo J, Vázquez-Roig P, Blasco C, Picó Y. Screening of currently used pesticides in water, sediments and biota of the Guadalquivir River Basin (Spain). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 263 Pt 1:95-104. [PMID: 24140087 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of 50 currently used pesticides and their transformation products in surface and waste waters, sediment and fish in the Guadalquivir River Basin was determined in 2010 and 2011. After selective sample extraction, pesticides were identified and quantified by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The contamination profile in water and sediments is marked by the presence of organophosphorus and triazines. Transformation products were even at higher concentrations than parent pesticides. A wider range of pesticides was present in water than in sediments but none of them were detected in fish. The mean concentrations ranged from 0.2 to 13.0 ng/L in water and from 0.1 to 13.2 ng/g d.w. in sediment. The spatial distribution of most pesticides was consistent with the agricultural activities of the area or their urban applications. The waste water treatment plant effluents that impact the river are minor sources for few pesticides but for most of them run-off would be the most important contribution. The temporal distribution showed differences between both sampling campaigns related to the river flow. The low-flow produced a pesticide concentration effect, generating higher levels in water and accumulation in sediments. This forecasts a hazard in future scenarios if the current situation of the climate change and water scarcity evolves to more critical conditions highlighting the need of these monitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Masiá
- Food and Environmental Safety Research Group, Department of Medicine Preventive, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
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Araujo L, Troconis ME, Cubillán D, Mercado J, Villa N, Prieto A. Single drop microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the determination of diflufenican, mepanipyrim, fipronil, and pretilachlor in water samples. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2013; 185:10225-10233. [PMID: 23887887 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-013-3327-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
An analytical method for the determination of diflufenican, mepanipyrim, pretilachlor, and fipronil in water samples was developed using single drop microextraction in the direct immersion mode and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A factorial fractionated design of type 2(6-1) at two levels was performed, to study the influence of experimental variables such as ionic strength, pH, agitation speed, extraction time, drop volume, and sample volume. To establish the optimal conditions for the variables that were significant, a Doehlert design was performed. The optimum conditions of extraction were 1 μL of heptane immersed in 4.0 mL of sample with continuous agitation at 500 rpm for 30 min at room temperature. The developed method proved to have good linearity for the range studied. The detection limits were 0.07 μg L(-1) for diflufenican, 0.03 μg L(-1) for mepanipyrim, 0.08 μg L(-1) for pretilachlor, and 1.39 μg L(-1) for fipronil. The method was validated on river water samples, showing the absence of matrix effect and recoveries ranged from 90.1 to 107.8 %. The results show that the method developed is accurate, sensitive, rapid, simple, and low cost, so it is recommended for application in the analysis of these different classes of pesticides in water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilia Araujo
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Engineering, University of Zulia, P.O. Box 4011-A-526, Maracaibo, Venezuela,
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Llorent-Martínez E, Delgado-Blanca I, Ruiz-Medina A, Ortega-Barrales P. Separation of a binary mixture of pesticides in fruits using a flow-through optosensor. Talanta 2013; 115:462-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Revised: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Development of a multiresidue method for analysis of pesticides in sediments based on isotope dilution and liquid chromatography-electrospray–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1305:176-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Lazartigues A, Thomas M, Banas D, Brun-Bellut J, Cren-Olivé C, Feidt C. Accumulation and half-lives of 13 pesticides in muscle tissue of freshwater fishes through food exposure. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 91:530-535. [PMID: 23374295 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Revised: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/02/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Fish are often exposed to various molecules like pesticides. Some of these compounds get biomagnified within aquatic food web, inducing health hazards of consumers. However, behaviors of many pesticides are still unknown. This work aims to study the uptake and the elimination of some of them in muscle tissue of edible fish (azoxystrobin, clomazone, diflufenican, dimethachlor, carbendazim, iprodion, isoproturon, mesosulfuron-methyl, metazachlor, napropamid, quizalofop, and thifensulfuron-methyl). Two freshwater fish species (Perca fluviatilis and Cyprinus carpio) were exposed to a mixture of these 13 pesticides, via multi-contaminated pellets, and then, eliminated. Compounds were measured in food, water and muscle tissue using multi-residues methods. Kinetics, biomagnification factors (BMFs) and half-lives (t1/2) were estimated and they did not show a large difference between the species. Muscular BMFs ranged from 2 × 10(-6) (mesosulfuron-methyl in perch) to 1 × 10(-3) (isoproturon and napropamid in perch) and t1/2 ranged from 0.8 (mesosulfuron-methyl in perch) to 40.3d (napropamid in carp). BMFs were also modeled as a function of Kow value. All BMF values were explained by the model, except for diflufenican which had a BMF lower than that expected by our modeling work, probably due to an efficient metabolism. Results led to the conclusion that none of these chemicals would probably be biomagnified within aquatic food webs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélique Lazartigues
- Université de Lorraine, INRA, UR-AFPA, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP 172, F-54505 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy cedex, France.
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Rodrigues ET, Lopes I, Pardal MÂ. Occurrence, fate and effects of azoxystrobin in aquatic ecosystems: a review. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2013; 53:18-28. [PMID: 23314040 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2012.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/09/2012] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The use of pesticides for crop protection may result in the presence of toxic residues in environmental matrices. In the aquatic environment, pesticides might freely dissolve in the water or bind to suspended matter and to the sediments, and might be transferred to the organisms' tissues during bioaccumulation processes, resulting in adverse consequences to non-target species. One such group of synthetic organic pesticides widely used worldwide to combat pathogenic fungi affecting plants is the strobilurin chemical group. Whereas they are designed to control fungal pathogens, their general modes of action are not specific to fungi. Consequently, they can be potentially toxic to a wide range of non-target organisms. The present work had the intent to conduct an extensive literature review to find relevant research on the occurrence, fate and effects of azoxystrobin, the first patent of the strobilurin compounds, in aquatic ecosystems in order to identify strengths and gaps in the scientific database. Analytical procedures and existing legislation and regulations were also assessed. Data gathered in the present review revealed that analytical reference standards for the most relevant environmental metabolites of azoxystrobin are needed. Validated confirmatory methods for complex matrices, like sediment and aquatic organisms' tissues, are very limited. Important knowledge of base-line values of azoxystrobin and its metabolites in natural tropical and estuarine/marine ecosystems is lacking. Moreover, some environmental concentrations of azoxystrobin found in the present review are above the Regulatory Acceptable Concentration (RAC) in what concerns risk to aquatic invertebrates and the No Observed Ecologically Adverse Effect Concentration (NOEAEC) reported for freshwater communities. The present review also showed that there are very few data on azoxystrobin toxicity to different aquatic organisms, especially in what concerns estuarine/marine organisms. Besides, toxicity studies mostly address azoxystrobin and usually neglect the more relevant environmental metabolites. Further work is also required in what concerns effects of exposure to multi-stressors, e.g. pesticide mixtures. Even though Log K(ow) for azoxystrobin and R234886, the main metabolite of azoxystrobin in water, are below 3, the bio-concentration factor and the bioaccumulation potential for azoxystrobin are absent in the literature. Moreover, no single study on bioaccumulation and biomagnification processes was found in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Teresa Rodrigues
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Apartado 3046, 3001-401 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Rapid and Selective Determination of Trace Benzimidazole Fungicides in Fruit Juices by Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction Coupled with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Fluorescence Detection. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-013-9572-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Chiaia-Hernandez AC, Krauss M, Hollender J. Screening of lake sediments for emerging contaminants by liquid chromatography atmospheric pressure photoionization and electrospray ionization coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:976-986. [PMID: 23215447 DOI: 10.1021/es303888v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We developed a multiresidue method for the target and suspect screening of more than 180 pharmaceuticals, personal care products, pesticides, biocides, additives, corrosion inhibitors, musk fragrances, UV light stabilizers, and industrial chemicals in sediments. Sediment samples were freeze-dried, extracted by pressurized liquid extraction, and cleaned up by liquid-liquid partitioning. The quantification and identification of target compounds with a broad range of physicochemical properties (log K(ow) 0-12) was carried out by liquid chromatography followed by electrospray ionization (ESI) and atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) coupled to high resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry (HRMS/MS). The overall method average recoveries and precision are 103% and 9% (RSD), respectively. The method detection limits range from 0.010 to 4 ng/g(dw), while limits of quantification range from 0.030 to 14 ng/g(dw). The use of APPI as an alternative ionization source helped to distinguish two isomeric musk fragrances by means of different ionization behavior. The method was demonstrated on sediment cores from Lake Greifensee located in northeastern Switzerland. The results show that biocides, musk fragrances, and other personal care products were the most frequently detected compounds with concentrations ranging from pg/g(dw) to ng/g(dw), whereas none of the targeted pharmaceuticals were found. The concentrations of many urban contaminants originating from wastewater correlate with the highest phosphorus input into the lake as a proxy for treatment efficiency. HRMS enabled a retrospective analysis of the full-scan data acquisition allowing the detection of suspected compounds like quaternary ammonium surfactants, the biocide triclocarban, and the tentative identification of further compounds without reference standards, among others transformation products of triclosan and triclocarban.
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Lazartigues A, Thomas M, Cren-Olivé C, Brun-Bellut J, Le Roux Y, Banas D, Feidt C. Pesticide pressure and fish farming in barrage pond in Northeastern France. Part II: residues of 13 pesticides in water, sediments, edible fish and their relationships. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:117-25. [PMID: 22961490 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-1167-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Residues of pesticides in fish farming productions from barrage ponds are seldom studied in spite of increasing health questionings and environmental concerns. The purpose of this study is to establish the pesticide contamination profiles of sediments and edible fish from five ponds in Northeastern France. Multi-residues method and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis were used to quantify 13 pesticides (azoxystrobin, carbendazim, clomazone, diflufenican, dimethachlor, fluroxypyr, iprodion, isoproturon, mesosulfuron-methyl, metazachlor, napropamid, quizalofop and thifensulfuron-methyl). Ten sediments and 143 muscles samples were analysed, corresponding to two successive fishing campaigns (first fishing date and second fishing date (P2), about 1 year later) on five sites (noted C-0, C-25, C-45, C-75 and C-85 to express the increasing gradient of crop area). Isoproturon was present in all sediments samples (1.8-56.4 μg/kg dry weight). During P2 period, carbendazim was quantified in the fish of site C-0 (0.09 ± 0.02, 0.2 ± 0.1 and 0.17 ± 0.06 μg/kg wet weight (ww) for roach, carp and perch, respectively). Metazachlor was only quantified in perch of the site C-25 (0.13 ± 0.02 μg/kg ww). Concentrations of isoproturon were similar for the sites C-45 and C-75 with 0.4 ± 0.1 and 0.75 ± 0.06 μg/kg ww for carp and perch, respectively. Contamination of fish reflected generally concentrations in surroundings. Isoproturon was the most concentrated and its main source was water for perch while carp was exposed through both water and sediments, highlighting their life strategies in pond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélique Lazartigues
- Université de Lorraine, INRA, UR AFPA, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP 172, 54505 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy cedex, France.
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Lazartigues A, Banas D, Feidt C, Brun-Bellut J, Gardeur JN, Le Roux Y, Thomas M. Pesticide pressure and fish farming in barrage pond in northeastern France. Part III: how management can affect pesticide profiles in edible fish? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:126-135. [PMID: 22467231 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-0824-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2011] [Accepted: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The quality of fish produced in ponds needs to be ensured. Indeed, pond is often strongly connected to an agricultural watershed, and pesticides are a main health and environmental issue of concern. In this context, the purpose of this study is to highlight the management practices which could impact the pesticide contamination profiles in edible fish and to give recommendations for better practices. METHODS A principal component analysis, coupled to a hierarchical cluster analysis, was performed to evaluate temporal evolution of contamination profiles and to assess variability among fish species and among sites according to watershed characteristics. The explicative variables correspond to muscular concentrations of pesticides (azoxystrobin, clomazone, diflufenican, carbendazim, isoproturon, metazachlor, napropamid) in three species of fish (Perca fluviatilis, Cyprinus carpio and Rutilus rutilus), caught in five ponds during two sampling campaigns. Management data are added variables in order to discuss about parameters suspected to be implicated in the contamination profiles recorded. RESULTS This work shows that high amounts of pesticides applied, short crop rotation durations and bare soil practices led to contamination of sediments and fish and were associated to a "bad" management of watershed. Breeding fish that had low masses and establishing the fishing period at the end of winter seemed to be "bad" management of pond. Aggravating topological parameters were big watershed coupled to small pond and high proportions of sand soils in the watershed. CONCLUSIONS Reducing amounts of pesticide used (e.g. policy agency plans, farmer acceptance), favouring long-term rotations and inter-cultures, adapting pond creation and fish farming practices to watershed management and topography all could reduce pesticide levels in edible fish and contribute to a better sustainability of the extensive fish farming in pond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélique Lazartigues
- Nancy Université, INRA, UR AFPA, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP 172, 54505 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy cedex, France.
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Carro AM, García-Rodríguez D, Gonzalez-Siso P, Lorenzo RA. Determination of chemotherapeutic agents in fish and shellfish by matrix solid-phase dispersion and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:2866-74. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonia M. Carro
- Dpto. de Química Analítica; Nutrición y Bromatología; Facultad de Química; Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; Santiago de Compostela; Spain
| | - Diego García-Rodríguez
- Dpto. de Química Analítica; Nutrición y Bromatología; Facultad de Química; Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; Santiago de Compostela; Spain
| | - Paula Gonzalez-Siso
- Dpto. de Química Analítica; Nutrición y Bromatología; Facultad de Química; Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; Santiago de Compostela; Spain
| | - Rosa A. Lorenzo
- Dpto. de Química Analítica; Nutrición y Bromatología; Facultad de Química; Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; Santiago de Compostela; Spain
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