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Castagnola V, Tomati V, Boselli L, Braccia C, Decherchi S, Pompa PP, Pedemonte N, Benfenati F, Armirotti A. Sources of biases in the in vitro testing of nanomaterials: the role of the biomolecular corona. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2024; 9:799-816. [PMID: 38563642 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00510k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The biological fate of nanomaterials (NMs) is driven by specific interactions through which biomolecules, naturally adhering onto their surface, engage with cell membrane receptors and intracellular organelles. The molecular composition of this layer, called the biomolecular corona (BMC), depends on both the physical-chemical features of the NMs and the biological media in which the NMs are dispersed and cells grow. In this work, we demonstrate that the widespread use of 10% fetal bovine serum in an in vitro assay cannot recapitulate the complexity of in vivo systemic administration, with NMs being transported by the blood. For this purpose, we undertook a comparative journey involving proteomics, lipidomics, high throughput multiparametric in vitro screening, and single molecular feature analysis to investigate the molecular details behind this in vivo/in vitro bias. Our work indirectly highlights the need to introduce novel, more physiological-like media closer in composition to human plasma to produce realistic in vitro screening data for NMs. We also aim to set the basis to reduce this in vitro-in vivo mismatch, which currently limits the formulation of NMs for clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Castagnola
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy.
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Valeria Tomati
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gaslini 5, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Boselli
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Clarissa Braccia
- Analytical Chemistry Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova, 16163, Italy.
| | - Sergio Decherchi
- Data Science and Computation Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego, 30, Genova, 16163, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Pompa
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Pedemonte
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gaslini 5, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Fabio Benfenati
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy.
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Armirotti
- Analytical Chemistry Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova, 16163, Italy.
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2
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Yaghmur A, Østergaard J, Mu H. Lipid nanoparticles for targeted delivery of anticancer therapeutics: Recent advances in development of siRNA and lipoprotein-mimicking nanocarriers. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 203:115136. [PMID: 37944644 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The limitations inherent in conventional cancer treatment methods have stimulated recent efforts towards the design of safe nanomedicines with high efficacy for combating cancer through various promising approaches. A plethora of nanoparticles has been introduced in the development of cancer nanomedicines. Among them, different lipid nanoparticles are attractive for use due to numerous advantages and unique opportunities, including biocompatibility and targeted drug delivery. However, a comprehensive understanding of nano-bio interactions is imperative to facilitate the translation of recent advancements in the development of cancer nanomedicines into clinical practice. In this contribution, we focus on lipoprotein-mimicking nanoparticles, which possess unique features and compositions facilitating drug transport through receptor binding mechanisms. Additionally, we describe potential applications of siRNA lipid nanoparticles in the future design of anticancer nanomedicines. Thus, this review highlights recent progress, challenges, and opportunities of lipid-based lipoprotein-mimicking nanoparticles and siRNA nanocarriers designed for the targeted delivery of anticancer therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anan Yaghmur
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Østergaard
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Huiling Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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3
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Poulsen KM, Albright MC, Niemuth NJ, Tighe RM, Payne CK. Interaction of TiO 2 nanoparticles with lung fluid proteins and the resulting macrophage inflammatory response. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. NANO 2023; 10:2427-2436. [PMID: 38009084 PMCID: PMC10669912 DOI: 10.1039/d3en00179b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Inhalation is a major exposure route to nanoparticles. Following inhalation, nanoparticles first interact with the lung lining fluid, a complex mixture of proteins, lipids, and mucins. We measure the concentration and composition of lung fluid proteins adsorbed on the surface of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles. Using proteomics, we find that lung fluid results in a unique protein corona on the surface of the TiO2 nanoparticles. We then measure the expression of three cytokines (interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2)) associated with lung inflammation. We find that the corona formed from lung fluid leads to elevated expression of these cytokines in comparison to bare TiO2 nanoparticles or coronas formed from serum or albumin. These experiments show that understanding the concentration and composition of the protein corona is essential for understanding the pulmonary response associated with human exposure to nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsten M Poulsen
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA 27705
| | - Michaela C Albright
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA 27710
| | - Nicholas J Niemuth
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA 27705
- Present address: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599
| | - Robert M Tighe
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA 27710
| | - Christine K Payne
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA 27705
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4
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Cerrato A, Cavaliere C, Montone CM, Piovesana S. New hydrophilic material based on hydrogel polymer for the selective enrichment of intact glycopeptides from serum protein digests. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1245:340862. [PMID: 36737137 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.340862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The paper describes the preparation and characterization of a new HILIC material for the enrichment of N-linked glycopeptides. The material was prepared using 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid as the monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the cross-linker. The material was developed by a Box-Behnken experimental design, taking into consideration the amount of monomer-to-crosslinker ratio, the composition, and the amount of porogen mixture. By this approach, the property of the resulting polymer could be fine-tuned to modulate the hydrophilicity and porosity. As HILIC enrichment is mostly dependent on hydrophilic interactions, including H-bonding, the amount of swelling was expected to have an important function, therefore the optimization considered a monomer percent in the range of 20-80%, which implied very different water swelling capacities. After assessing the potential of this new polymer family on fetuin digests, the 17 materials resulting from the Box-Behnken experimental design were used for the enrichment of glycopeptides from serum protein digests. The materials displayed a superior performance over cotton HILIC enrichment, both in terms of the number of enriched N-linked glycopeptides and selectivity, providing up to 762 N-linked glycopeptides with 77% selectivity. The optimization indicated that a high amount of monomer significantly affected the number of enriched glycopeptides, which is also closely connected with the hydrogel nature of the resulting polymers. The results not only provide one additional HILIC material for the enrichment of glycopeptides but also pave the way for the use and development of hydrogel materials for the enrichment of N-linked glycopeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cerrato
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Cavaliere
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmela Maria Montone
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Susy Piovesana
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
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5
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Palmieri V, Caracciolo G. Tuning the immune system by nanoparticle-biomolecular corona. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:3300-3308. [PMID: 36131704 PMCID: PMC9419885 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00290f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has a great potential to revolutionize the landscape of medicine, but an inadequate understanding of the nanomaterial-biological (nano-bio) interface hampers its ultimate clinical translation. Surface attachment of biomolecules provides a new biological identity of nanoparticles that plays a crucial role in vivo as it can activate the immune system triggering inflammatory responses, clearance from the body, and cellular toxicity. In this review, we summarize and critically analyze progress in understanding the relationship between the biological identity of nanoparticles and immune system activation. Accordingly, we discuss the implications of biomolecular corona on nanotoxicity, immune safety, and biocompatibility. We also highlight a perspective on engineering the biological identity of nanoparticles for modulating immunological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Palmieri
- Institute for Complex Systems, National Research Council of Italy Via dei Taurini 19 00185 Rome Italy
| | - Giulio Caracciolo
- NanoDelivery Lab, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome Viale Regina Elena 291 00161 Rome Italy
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6
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Gardner L, Kostarelos K, Mallick P, Dive C, Hadjidemetriou M. Nano-omics: nanotechnology-based multidimensional harvesting of the blood-circulating cancerome. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2022; 19:551-561. [PMID: 35739399 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-022-00645-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, the development of 'simple' blood tests that enable cancer screening, diagnosis or monitoring and facilitate the design of personalized therapies without the need for invasive tumour biopsy sampling has been a core ambition in cancer research. Data emerging from ongoing biomarker development efforts indicate that multiple markers, used individually or as part of a multimodal panel, are required to enhance the sensitivity and specificity of assays for early stage cancer detection. The discovery of cancer-associated molecular alterations that are reflected in blood at multiple dimensions (genome, epigenome, transcriptome, proteome and metabolome) and integration of the resultant multi-omics data have the potential to uncover novel biomarkers as well as to further elucidate the underlying molecular pathways. Herein, we review key advances in multi-omics liquid biopsy approaches and introduce the 'nano-omics' paradigm: the development and utilization of nanotechnology tools for the enrichment and subsequent omics analysis of the blood-circulating cancerome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lois Gardner
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute Cancer Biomarker Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (ICN2), UAB Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Parag Mallick
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, California, USA
| | - Caroline Dive
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute Cancer Biomarker Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Marilena Hadjidemetriou
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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7
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Zhang W, Chetwynd AJ, Thorn JA, Lynch I, Ramautar R. Understanding the Significance of Sample Preparation in Studies of the Nanoparticle Metabolite Corona. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2022; 2:251-260. [PMID: 35726252 PMCID: PMC9204816 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.2c00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption of metabolites to the surface of nanomaterials is a growing area of interest in the field of bionanointeractions. Like its more-established protein counterpart, it is thought that the metabolite corona has a key role in the uptake, distribution, and toxicity of nanomaterials in organisms. Previous research has demonstrated that nanomaterials obtain a unique metabolite fingerprint when exposed to biological matrices; however, there have been some concerns raised over the reproducibility of bionanointeraction research due to challenges in dispersion of nanomaterials and their stability. As such, this work investigates a much-overlooked aspect of this field, i.e., sample preparation, which is vital to the accurate, reproducible, and informative analysis of the metabolite corona. The impact of elution buffer pH, volume, and ionic strength on the metabolite corona composition acquired by uncapped and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-capped TiO2 from mixtures of cationic and anionic metabolites was studied. We demonstrate the temporal evolution of the TiO2 metabolite corona and the recovery of the metabolite corona, which resulted from a complex biological matrix, in this case human plasma. This work also demonstrates that it is vital to optimize sample preparation for each nanomaterial being investigated, as the metabolite recovery from Fe3O4 and Dispex-capped TiO2 nanomaterials is significantly reduced compared to the aforementioned uncapped and PVP-capped TiO2 nanomaterials. These are important findings for future bionanointeraction studies, which is a rapidly emerging area of research in nanoscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Leiden
Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden
University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew J. Chetwynd
- School
of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
- Department
of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Life
Course and Medical Sciences, University
of Liverpool, Liverpool L12 2AP, U.K.
| | - James A. Thorn
- AB
SCIEX UK Ltd., SCIEX UK Centre of Innovation, Suite 21F18, 21 Mereside, Alderley
Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, U.K.
| | - Iseult Lynch
- School
of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Rawi Ramautar
- Leiden
Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden
University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
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8
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Liposomal Nanoformulation as a Carrier for Curcumin and pEGCG—Study on Stability and Anticancer Potential. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12081274. [PMID: 35457986 PMCID: PMC9028936 DOI: 10.3390/nano12081274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanoformulations are regarded as a promising tool to enable the efficient delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients to the target site. One of the best-known and most studied nanoformulations are liposomes—spherical phospholipid bilayered nanocarriers resembling cell membranes. In order to assess the possible effect of a mixture of polyphenols on both the stability of the formulation and its biological activity, two compounds were embedded in the liposomes—(i) curcumin (CUR), (ii) a peracetylated derivative of (−)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (pEGCG), and (iii) a combination of the aforementioned. The stability of the formulations was assessed in two different temperature ranges (4–8 and 20 °C) by monitoring both the particle size and their concentration. It was found that after 28 days of the experiment, the liposomes remained largely unchanged in terms of the particle size distribution, with the greatest change from 130 to 146 nm. The potential decomposition of the carried substances was evaluated using HPLC. The combined CUR and pEGCG was sensitive to temperature conditions; however its stability was greatly increased when compared to the solutions of the individual compounds alone—up to 9.67% of the initial concentration of pEGCG in liposomes after 28 days storage compared to complete decomposition within hours for the non-encapsulated sample. The potential of the prepared formulations was assessed in vitro on prostate (LNCaP) and bladder cancer (5637) cell lines, as well as on a non-cancerous human lung fibroblast cell line (MRC-5), with the highest activity of IC50 equal 15.33 ± 2.03 µM for the mixture of compounds towards the 5637 cell line.
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9
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Bilardo R, Traldi F, Vdovchenko A, Resmini M. Influence of surface chemistry and morphology of nanoparticles on protein corona formation. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1788. [PMID: 35257495 PMCID: PMC9539658 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials offer promising solutions as drug delivery systems and imaging agents in response to the demand for better therapeutics and diagnostics. However, the limited understanding of the interaction between nanoparticles and biological entities is currently hampering the development of new systems and their applications in clinical settings. Proteins and lipids in biological fluids are known to complex with nanoparticles to form a "biomolecular corona". This has been shown to affect particles' morphology and behavior in biological systems and their interactions with cells. Hence, understanding how nanomaterials' physicochemical properties affect the formation and composition of this biocorona is a crucial step. This work evaluates existing literature on how morphology (size and shape), and surface chemistry (charge and hydrophobicity) of nanoparticles influence the formation of protein corona. The latest evidence suggest that although surface charge promotes the interaction with proteins and lipids, surface chemistry plays a leading role in determining the affinity of the nanoparticle for biomolecules and, ultimately, the composition of the corona. More recently the study of additional nanoparticles' properties like shape and surface chirality have demonstrated a significant effect on protein corona architecture, providing new tools to tailor biomolecular corona formation. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Toxicology and Regulatory Issues in Nanomedicine > Toxicology of Nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Bilardo
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Federico Traldi
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Alena Vdovchenko
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Marina Resmini
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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10
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Rossi D, Dannhauser D, Nastri BM, Ballini A, Fiorelli A, Santini M, Netti PA, Scacco S, Marino MM, Causa F, Boccellino M, Di Domenico M. New Trends in Precision Medicine: A Pilot Study of Pure Light Scattering Analysis as a Useful Tool for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Diagnosis. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11101023. [PMID: 34683164 PMCID: PMC8537600 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11101023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary A reliable method for a fast diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) would greatly help in improving therapeutic success in personalized medicine approaches. Thus, in the present study, a new idea was proposed: a morphological single-cell analysis approach combined with a microfluidic device for liquid biopsy. The investigation of the NSCLC sample at different culturing times created the possibility of understanding the evolution of different cell types and their morphological changes, making the Circulating Tumour Cells (CTC) predominance against all other cell classes visible. Abstract Background: To date, in personalized medicine approaches, single-cell analyses such as circulating tumour cells (CTC) are able to reveal small structural cell modifications, and therefore can retrieve several biophysical cell properties, such as the cell dimension, the dimensional relationship between the nucleus and the cytoplasm and the optical density of cellular sub-compartments. On this basis, we present in this study a new morphological measurement approach for the detection of vital CTC from pleural washing in individual non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Materials and methods: After a diagnosis of pulmonary malignancy, pleural washing was collected from nine NSCLC patients. The collected samples were processed with a density gradient separation process. Light scattering analysis was performed on a single cell. The results of this analysis were used to obtain the cell’s biophysical pattern and, later on, as basis for Machine Learning (ML) on unknown samples. Results: Morphological single-cell analysis followed by ML show a predictive picture for an NSCLC patient, screening that it is possible to distinguish CTC from other cells. Moreover, we find that the proposed measurement approach was fast, reliable, label-free, identifying and count CTC in a biological fluid. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that CTC Biophysical Profile by Pure Light Scattering in NSCLC could be used as a promising diagnostic candidate in NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Rossi
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Naples, Italy; (D.R.); (P.A.N.)
| | - David Dannhauser
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy; (D.D.); (F.C.)
| | - Bianca Maria Nastri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Andrea Ballini
- School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.M.M.); (M.B.); (M.D.D.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (S.S.)
| | - Alfonso Fiorelli
- Department of Translational Medical and Surgical Science, Thoracic Surgery Unit, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Mario Santini
- Department of Translational Medical and Surgical Science, Thoracic Surgery Unit, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Paolo Antonio Netti
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Naples, Italy; (D.R.); (P.A.N.)
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy; (D.D.); (F.C.)
| | - Salvatore Scacco
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (S.S.)
| | - Maria Michela Marino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.M.M.); (M.B.); (M.D.D.)
| | - Filippo Causa
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy; (D.D.); (F.C.)
| | - Mariarosaria Boccellino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.M.M.); (M.B.); (M.D.D.)
| | - Marina Di Domenico
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.M.M.); (M.B.); (M.D.D.)
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19121, USA
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11
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Tóth EÁ, Turiák L, Visnovitz T, Cserép C, Mázló A, Sódar BW, Försönits AI, Petővári G, Sebestyén A, Komlósi Z, Drahos L, Kittel Á, Nagy G, Bácsi A, Dénes Á, Gho YS, Szabó‐Taylor KÉ, Buzás EI. Formation of a protein corona on the surface of extracellular vesicles in blood plasma. J Extracell Vesicles 2021; 10:e12140. [PMID: 34520123 PMCID: PMC8439280 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we tested whether a protein corona is formed around extracellular vesicles (EVs) in blood plasma. We isolated medium-sized nascent EVs of THP1 cells as well as of Optiprep-purified platelets, and incubated them in EV-depleted blood plasma from healthy subjects and from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. EVs were subjected to differential centrifugation, size exclusion chromatography, or density gradient ultracentrifugation followed by mass spectrometry. Plasma protein-coated EVs had a higher density compared to the nascent ones and carried numerous newly associated proteins. Interactions between plasma proteins and EVs were confirmed by confocal microscopy, capillary Western immunoassay, immune electron microscopy and flow cytometry. We identified nine shared EV corona proteins (ApoA1, ApoB, ApoC3, ApoE, complement factors 3 and 4B, fibrinogen α-chain, immunoglobulin heavy constant γ2 and γ4 chains), which appear to be common corona proteins among EVs, viruses and artificial nanoparticles in blood plasma. An unexpected finding of this study was the high overlap of the composition of the protein corona with blood plasma protein aggregates. This is explained by our finding that besides a diffuse, patchy protein corona, large protein aggregates also associate with the surface of EVs. However, while EVs with an external plasma protein cargo induced an increased expression of TNF-α, IL-6, CD83, CD86 and HLA-DR of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells, EV-free protein aggregates had no effect. In conclusion, our data may shed new light on the origin of the commonly reported plasma protein 'contamination' of EV preparations and may add a new perspective to EV research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Á. Tóth
- Department of GeneticsCell‐ and ImmunobiologySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Lilla Turiák
- ELKH‐SE Immune‐Proteogenomics Extracellular Vesicle Research GroupBudapestHungary
- MS Proteomics Research GroupResearch Centre for Natural SciencesEötvös Loránd Research NetworkBudapestHungary
| | - Tamás Visnovitz
- Department of GeneticsCell‐ and ImmunobiologySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Csaba Cserép
- Laboratory of NeuroimmunologyInstitute of Experimental MedicineEötvös Loránd Research NetworkBudapestHungary
| | - Anett Mázló
- Department of ImmunologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Barbara W. Sódar
- Department of GeneticsCell‐ and ImmunobiologySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- HCEMM‐SE Extracellular Vesicles Research GroupBudapestHungary
| | - András I. Försönits
- Department of GeneticsCell‐ and ImmunobiologySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Gábor Petővári
- Tumour BiologyTumour Metabolism Research Group1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer ResearchSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Anna Sebestyén
- Tumour BiologyTumour Metabolism Research Group1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer ResearchSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Zsolt Komlósi
- Department of GeneticsCell‐ and ImmunobiologySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - László Drahos
- ELKH‐SE Immune‐Proteogenomics Extracellular Vesicle Research GroupBudapestHungary
- MS Proteomics Research GroupResearch Centre for Natural SciencesEötvös Loránd Research NetworkBudapestHungary
| | - Ágnes Kittel
- Institute of Experimental MedicineEötvös Loránd Research NetworkBudapestHungary
| | - György Nagy
- Department of GeneticsCell‐ and ImmunobiologySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical ImmunologySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Attila Bácsi
- Department of ImmunologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Ádám Dénes
- Laboratory of NeuroimmunologyInstitute of Experimental MedicineEötvös Loránd Research NetworkBudapestHungary
| | - Yong Song Gho
- Department of Life SciencesPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)PohangRepublic of Korea
| | | | - Edit I. Buzás
- Department of GeneticsCell‐ and ImmunobiologySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- ELKH‐SE Immune‐Proteogenomics Extracellular Vesicle Research GroupBudapestHungary
- HCEMM‐SE Extracellular Vesicles Research GroupBudapestHungary
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12
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Jang GJ, Jeong JY, Kang J, Cho W, Han SY. Size Dependence Unveiling the Adsorption Interaction of High-Density Lipoprotein Particles with PEGylated Gold Nanoparticles in Biomolecular Corona Formation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:9755-9763. [PMID: 34347501 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Apolipoproteins have been often found to be highly enriched in the serum protein coronas produced on various engineered nanoparticles (NPs), which is also known to greatly influence the behaviors of protein corona NPs in the biological systems. As most of the apolipoproteins in blood are associated with lipoproteins, it suggests the active involvement of lipoproteins in the formation of biomolecular coronas on NPs. However, the interactions of lipoprotein complexes with NPs in the corona formation have been rarely understood. In this study, to obtain insights into the interactions, the formation of biomolecular coronas of high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) on the PEGylated gold NPs (PEG-AuNPs) of various sizes (20-150 nm dia.) was investigated as a model system. The results of this study revealed a noticeable size dependence, which is a drastic increase in the affinity of HDL for larger NPs and thus less-curved NP surfaces. For example, only a few HDLs per NP, which correspond to 5% surface coverage, were found to constitute the hard coronas of HDLs on 20 nm PEG-AuNPs, whereas 73% surface coverage was assessed for larger 150 nm PEG-AuNPs. However, the relative affinities of HDL and apolipoprotein A-1 (APOA1) examined in competition with human serum albumin exhibited the opposite size dependences, which suggests that the adsorption of HDLs is not driven by the constituent protein, APOA1. In fact, the total strength of non-covalent intermolecular interactions between a HDL particle and a NP relies on the physical contact between the two particles, which thus depends on the varying curvatures of spherical NPs in this case. Therefore, it was concluded that it is whole HDL complex that interacts with the spherical PEG-AuNPs in the initial stage of adsorption toward biomolecular coronas, which is unveiled by the distinct size dependence observed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwi Ju Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Gachon University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Gachon University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghoon Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonryeon Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yun Han
- Department of Chemistry, Gachon University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13120, Republic of Korea
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13
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Gardner L, Warrington J, Rogan J, Rothwell DG, Brady G, Dive C, Kostarelos K, Hadjidemetriou M. The biomolecule corona of lipid nanoparticles contains circulating cell-free DNA. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2020; 5:1476-1486. [PMID: 32853302 DOI: 10.1039/d0nh00333f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The spontaneous adsorption of biomolecules onto the surface of nanoparticles (NPs) in complex physiological biofluids has been widely investigated over the last decade. Characterisation of the protein composition of the 'biomolecule corona' has dominated research efforts, whereas other classes of biomolecules, such as nucleic acids, have received no interest. Scarce, speculative statements exist in the literature about the presence of nucleic acids in the biomolecule corona, with no previous studies attempting to describe the contribution of genomic content to the blood-derived NP corona. Herein, we provide the first experimental evidence of the interaction of circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) with lipid-based NPs upon their incubation with human plasma samples, obtained from healthy volunteers and ovarian carcinoma patients. Our results also demonstrate an increased amount of detectable cfDNA in patients with cancer. Proteomic analysis of the same biomolecule coronas revealed the presence of histone proteins, suggesting an indirect, nucleosome-mediated NP-cfDNA interaction. The finding of cfDNA as part of the NP corona, offers a previously unreported new scope regarding the chemical composition of the 'biomolecule corona' and opens up new possibilities for the potential exploitation of the biomolecule corona for the enrichment and analysis of blood-circulating nucleic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lois Gardner
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Manchester, UK.
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14
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Feng R, Yu F, Xu J, Hu X. Knowledge gaps in immune response and immunotherapy involving nanomaterials: Databases and artificial intelligence for material design. Biomaterials 2020; 266:120469. [PMID: 33120200 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Exploring the interactions between the immune system and nanomaterials (NMs) is critical for designing effective and safe NMs, but large knowledge gaps remain to be filled prior to clinical applications (e.g., immunotherapy). The lack of databases on interactions between the immune system and NMs affects the discovery of new NMs for immunotherapy. Complement activation and inhibition by NMs have been widely studied, but the general rules remain unclear. Biomimetic nanocoating to promote the clearance of NMs by the immune system is an alternative strategy for the immune response mediation of the biological corona. Immune response predictions based on NM properties can facilitate the design of NMs for immunotherapy, and artificial intelligences deserve much attention in the field. This review addresses the knowledge gaps regarding immune response and immunotherapy in relation to NMs, effective immunotherapy and material design without adverse immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Fubo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xiangang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
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15
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Coreas R, Cao X, Deloid GM, Demokritou P, Zhong W. Lipid and protein corona of food-grade TiO 2 nanoparticles in simulated gastrointestinal digestion. NANOIMPACT 2020; 20:100272. [PMID: 33344797 PMCID: PMC7742882 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2020.100272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In the presence of biological matrices, engineered nanomaterials, such as TiO2, develop a biomolecular corona composed of lipids, proteins, etc. In this study, we analyzed the biocorona formed on the food grade TiO2 (E171) going through an in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion system in either a fasting food model (FFM), a standardized food model (SFM), or a high fat food model (HFFM). Lipids and proteins were extracted from the biocorona and underwent untargeted lipidomic and label-free shotgun proteomic analyses. Our results showed that the biocorona composition was different before and after food digestion. After digestion, more diverse lipids were adsorbed compared to proteins, most of which were the enzymes added to the simulated digestion system. The corona lipid profile was distinct from the digested food model they presented in, although similarity in the lipid profiles between the corona and the food matrix increased with the fat content in the food model. The corona formed in the two low-fat environments of FFM and SFM shared a higher degree of similarity while very different from their corresponding matrix, with some lipid species adsorbed with high enrichment factors, indicating specific interaction with the TiO2 surface outperforming lipid matrix concentration in determination of corona formation. Formation of the biocorona may have contributed to the reduced oxidative stress as well as toxicological impacts observed in cellular studies. The present work is the first to confirm persistent adsorption of biomolecules could occur on ingested nanomaterials in food digestae. More future studies are needed to study the in vivo impacts of the biocorona, and shed lights on how the biocorona affects the biotransformations and fate of the ingested nanomaterials, which may impose impacts on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Coreas
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Xiaoqiong Cao
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Glen M. Deloid
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Corresponding authors.: Philip Demokritou, , Wenwan Zhong,
| | - Wenwan Zhong
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Corresponding authors.: Philip Demokritou, , Wenwan Zhong,
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16
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Wei XQ, Ba K. Construction a Long-Circulating Delivery System of Liposomal Curcumin by Coating Albumin. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:16502-16509. [PMID: 32685814 PMCID: PMC7364587 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Although the bioavailability and stability of curcumin can be greatly improved by liposomes encapsulation, its application is still limited due to the short circulating time. In this present work, we aim to construct a long-circulating delivery system of liposomal curcumin (Cur-Lips) by coating bovine serum albumin (BSA), namely, BSA-coated liposomal curcumin (BSA-Cur-Lips). The effects of coating albumin on the physicochemical properties of Cur-Lips were investigated. It was found that BSA-Cur-Lips was more spherical, more homogeneous in size, and significantly larger than Cur-Lips. Combining sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), Coomassie bright blue staining, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis (XPS), we confirmed that albumin molecules were stably located on the surface of BSA-Cur-Lips. In addition, the impacts of the coating albumin on the Cur-Lips release and phagocytosis by mouse macrophages Raw264.7 in vitro were investigated. We found that no significant initial burst drug release effect was observed for both Cur-Lips and BSA-Cur-Lips and the presence of albumin can enhance the liposome structure stability and slow down the release of Cur. More importantly, the macrophage phagocytosis of Cur-Lips was significantly reduced after coating albumin. In conclusion, coating albumin is a promising approach for developing a long-circulating delivery system of liposomal curcumin, and its properties including low phagocytosis, slow drug release, enhanced stability, and nontoxicity give this system great prospects for practical use.
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Quagliarini E, Di Santo R, Palchetti S, Ferri G, Cardarelli F, Pozzi D, Caracciolo G. Effect of Protein Corona on The Transfection Efficiency of Lipid-Coated Graphene Oxide-Based Cell Transfection Reagents. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E113. [PMID: 32019150 PMCID: PMC7076454 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12020113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Coating graphene oxide nanoflakes with cationic lipids leads to highly homogeneous nanoparticles (GOCL NPs) with optimised physicochemical properties for gene delivery applications. In view of in vivo applications, here we use dynamic light scattering, micro-electrophoresis and one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to explore the bionano interactions between GOCL/DNA complexes (hereafter referred to as "grapholipoplexes") and human plasma. When exposed to increasing protein concentrations, grapholipoplexes get covered by a protein corona that evolves with protein concentration, leading to biocoronated complexes with modified physicochemical properties. Here, we show that the formation of a protein corona dramatically changes the interactions of grapholipoplexes with four cancer cell lines: two breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB and MCF-7 cells), a malignant glioma cell line (U-87 MG) and an epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (CACO-2). Luciferase assay clearly indicates a monotonous reduction of the transfection efficiency of biocoronated grapholipoplexes as a function of protein concentration. Finally, we report evidence that a protein corona formed at high protein concentrations (as those present in in vivo studies) promotes a higher capture of biocoronated grapholipoplexes within degradative intracellular compartments (e.g., lysosomes), with respect to their pristine counterparts. On the other hand, coronas formed at low protein concentrations (human plasma = 2.5%) lead to high transfection efficiency with no appreciable cytotoxicity. We conclude with a critical assessment of relevant perspectives for the development of novel biocoronated gene delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Quagliarini
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Riccardo Di Santo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.D.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Sara Palchetti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.D.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Gianmarco Ferri
- Laboratorio NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (G.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesco Cardarelli
- Laboratorio NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (G.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Daniela Pozzi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.D.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Giulio Caracciolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.D.S.); (S.P.)
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18
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Digiacomo L, Pozzi D, Palchetti S, Zingoni A, Caracciolo G. Impact of the protein corona on nanomaterial immune response and targeting ability. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 12:e1615. [DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Digiacomo
- Department of Molecular Medicine Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Daniela Pozzi
- Department of Molecular Medicine Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Sara Palchetti
- Department of Molecular Medicine Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
| | | | - Giulio Caracciolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
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