1
|
Zifkos K, Bochenek ML, Gogiraju R, Robert S, Pedrosa D, Kiouptsi K, Moiko K, Wagner M, Mahfoud F, Poncelet P, Münzel T, Ruf W, Reinhardt C, Panicot-Dubois L, Dubois C, Schäfer K. Endothelial PTP1B Deletion Promotes VWF Exocytosis and Venous Thromboinflammation. Circ Res 2024; 134:e93-e111. [PMID: 38563147 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.324214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial activation promotes the release of procoagulant extracellular vesicles and inflammatory mediators from specialized storage granules. Endothelial membrane exocytosis is controlled by phosphorylation. We hypothesized that the absence of PTP1B (protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B) in endothelial cells promotes venous thromboinflammation by triggering endothelial membrane fusion and exocytosis. METHODS Mice with inducible endothelial deletion of PTP1B (End.PTP1B-KO) underwent inferior vena cava ligation to induce stenosis and venous thrombosis. Primary endothelial cells from transgenic mice and human umbilical vein endothelial cells were used for mechanistic studies. RESULTS Vascular ultrasound and histology showed significantly larger venous thrombi containing higher numbers of Ly6G (lymphocyte antigen 6 family member G)-positive neutrophils in mice with endothelial PTP1B deletion, and intravital microscopy confirmed the more pronounced neutrophil recruitment following inferior vena cava ligation. RT2 PCR profiler array and immunocytochemistry analysis revealed increased endothelial activation and adhesion molecule expression in primary End.PTP1B-KO endothelial cells, including CD62P (P-selectin) and VWF (von Willebrand factor). Pretreatment with the NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B) kinase inhibitor BAY11-7082, antibodies neutralizing CD162 (P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1) or VWF, or arginylglycylaspartic acid integrin-blocking peptides abolished the neutrophil adhesion to End.PTP1B-KO endothelial cells in vitro. Circulating levels of annexin V+ procoagulant endothelial CD62E+ (E-selectin) and neutrophil (Ly6G+) extracellular vesicles were also elevated in End.PTP1B-KO mice after inferior vena cava ligation. Higher plasma MPO (myeloperoxidase) and Cit-H3 (citrullinated histone-3) levels and neutrophil elastase activity indicated neutrophil activation and extracellular trap formation. Infusion of End.PTP1B-KO extracellular vesicles into C57BL/6J wild-type mice most prominently enhanced the recruitment of endogenous neutrophils, and this response was blunted in VWF-deficient mice or by VWF-blocking antibodies. Reduced PTP1B binding and tyrosine dephosphorylation of SNAP23 (synaptosome-associated protein 23) resulting in increased VWF exocytosis and neutrophil adhesion were identified as mechanisms, all of which could be restored by NF-κB kinase inhibition using BAY11-7082. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that endothelial PTP1B deletion promotes venous thromboinflammation by enhancing SNAP23 phosphorylation, endothelial VWF exocytosis, and neutrophil recruitment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Zifkos
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (K.Z., M.L.B., D.P., K.K., W.R., C.R.), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
| | - Magdalena L Bochenek
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (K.Z., M.L.B., D.P., K.K., W.R., C.R.), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I (M.L.B., R.G., K.M., T.M., K.S.), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
| | - Rajinikanth Gogiraju
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I (M.L.B., R.G., K.M., T.M., K.S.), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
| | - Stéphane Robert
- Aix Marseille University, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) 1263, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Cardiovascular and Nutrition Research Center (C2VN), France (S.R., L.P.-D., C.D.)
| | - Denise Pedrosa
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (K.Z., M.L.B., D.P., K.K., W.R., C.R.), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
| | - Klytaimnistra Kiouptsi
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (K.Z., M.L.B., D.P., K.K., W.R., C.R.), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
| | - Kateryna Moiko
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I (M.L.B., R.G., K.M., T.M., K.S.), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
| | - Mathias Wagner
- Institute of Pathology, Saarland University Medical Center and Saarland University Faculty of Medicine, Homburg, Germany (M.W.)
| | - Felix Mahfoud
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Saarland University Hospital and Saarland University, Homburg, Germany (F.M.)
| | | | - Thomas Münzel
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I (M.L.B., R.G., K.M., T.M., K.S.), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
| | - Wolfram Ruf
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (K.Z., M.L.B., D.P., K.K., W.R., C.R.), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
| | - Christoph Reinhardt
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (K.Z., M.L.B., D.P., K.K., W.R., C.R.), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
| | - Laurence Panicot-Dubois
- Aix Marseille University, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) 1263, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Cardiovascular and Nutrition Research Center (C2VN), France (S.R., L.P.-D., C.D.)
| | - Christophe Dubois
- Aix Marseille University, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) 1263, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Cardiovascular and Nutrition Research Center (C2VN), France (S.R., L.P.-D., C.D.)
| | - Katrin Schäfer
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I (M.L.B., R.G., K.M., T.M., K.S.), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bochenek ML, Saar K, Nazari-Jahantigh M, Gogiraju R, Wiedenroth CB, Münzel T, Mayer E, Fink L, Schober A, Hübner N, Guth S, Konstantinides S, Schäfer K. Endothelial Overexpression of TGF-β-Induced Protein Impairs Venous Thrombus Resolution: Possible Role in CTEPH. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2024; 9:100-116. [PMID: 38362348 PMCID: PMC10864968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Endothelial cells play a critical role during venous thrombus remodeling, and unresolved, fibrotic thrombi with irregular vessels obstruct the pulmonary artery in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). This study sought to identify endothelial mediators of impaired venous thrombus resolution and to determine their role in the pathogenesis of the vascular obstructions in patients with CTEPH. Endothelial cells outgrown from pulmonary endarterectomy specimens (PEA) were processed for mRNA profiling, and nCounter gene expression and immunohistochemistry analysis of PEA tissue microarrays and immunoassays of plasma were used to validate the expression in CTEPH. Lentiviral overexpression in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs) and exogenous administration of the recombinant protein into C57BL/6J mice after inferior Vena cava ligation were employed to assess their role for venous thrombus resolution. RT2 PCR profiler analysis demonstrated the significant overexpression of factors downstream of transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ), that is TGFβ-Induced Protein (TGFBI or BIGH3) and transgelin (TAGLN), or involved in TGFβ signaling, that is follistatin-like 3 (FSTL3) and stanniocalcin-2 (STC2). Gene expression and immunohistochemistry analysis of tissue microarrays localized potential disease candidates to vessel-rich regions. Lentiviral overexpression of TGFBI in HPAECs increased fibrotic remodeling of human blood clots in vitro, and exogenous administration of recombinant TGFBI in mice delayed venous thrombus resolution. Significantly elevated plasma TGFBI levels were observed in patients with CTEPH and decreased after PEA. Our findings suggest that overexpression of TGFBI in endothelial promotes venous thrombus non-resolution and fibrosis and is causally involved in the pathophysiology of CTEPH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena L. Bochenek
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, RheinMain, Germany
| | - Kathrin Saar
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maliheh Nazari-Jahantigh
- Institute for Prophylaxis and Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Clinic of the University of Munich, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Munich, Germany
| | - Rajinikanth Gogiraju
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, RheinMain, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Münzel
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, RheinMain, Germany
| | - Eckhard Mayer
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kerckhoff Heart and Thorax Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Ludger Fink
- Institute for Pathology, Cytology and Molecular Pathology, MVZ, Wetzlar, Germany
| | - Andreas Schober
- Institute for Prophylaxis and Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Clinic of the University of Munich, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Munich, Germany
| | - Norbert Hübner
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Guth
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kerckhoff Heart and Thorax Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | | | - Katrin Schäfer
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, RheinMain, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yin B, Ren J, Cui Q, Liu X, Wang Z, Pei H, Zuo J, Zhang Y, Wen R, Sun X, Zhang W, Ma Y. Astaxanthin alleviates fine particulate matter (PM 2.5)-induced lung injury in rats by suppressing ferroptosis and apoptosis. Food Funct 2023; 14:10841-10854. [PMID: 37982854 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03641c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Fine particulate matter (PM2.5), a small molecule particulate pollutant, can reach the lungs via respiration and cause lung damage. Currently, effective strategies and measures are lacking to prevent and treat the pulmonary toxicity of PM2.5. Astaxanthin (ASX), a natural xanthophyll carotenoid, has attracted attention due to its unique biological activity. Our research aims to probe into the prevention and treatment of ASX on PM2.5-induced lung injury and clarify its potential mechanism. Methods: Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were given olive oil and different concentrations of ASX orally daily for 21 days. PM2.5 suspension was instilled into the trachea of rats every two days for one week to successfully develop the PM2.5 exposure model in the PM2.5-exposed and ASX-treated groups of rats. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected, and the content of lung injury-related markers was detected. Histomorphological changes and expression of markers associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, iron death, and apoptosis were detected in lung tissue. Results: PM2.5 exposure can cause changes in lung histochemistry and increase the expression levels of TP, AKP, ALB, and LDH in the BALF. Simultaneously, inflammatory responses and oxidative stress were promoted in rat lung tissue after exposure to particulate matter. Additionally, ASX preconditioning can alleviate histomorphological changes, oxidative stress, and inflammation caused by PM2.5 and reduce PM2.5-related ferroptosis and apoptosis. Conclusion: ASX preconditioning can alleviate lung injury after PM2.5 exposure by inhibiting ferroptosis and apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Yin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
| | - Jingyi Ren
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
| | - Qiqi Cui
- Undergraduate of College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Xuanyi Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Undergraduate of College of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Huanting Pei
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
| | - Jinshi Zuo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
| | - Yadong Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
| | - Rui Wen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
| | - Xiaoya Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
| | - Weican Zhang
- Undergraduate of College of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yuxia Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Obi AT, Sharma SB, Elfline MA, Luke CE, Dowling AR, Cai Q, Kimball AS, Hollinstat M, Stanger L, Moore BB, Jaffer FA, Henke PK. Experimental venous thrombus resolution is driven by IL-6 mediated monocyte actions. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3253. [PMID: 36828892 PMCID: PMC9951841 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30149-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep venous thrombosis and residual thrombus burden correlates with circulating IL-6 levels in humans. To investigate the cellular source and role of IL-6 in thrombus resolution, Wild type C57BL/6J (WT), and IL-6-/- mice underwent induction of VT via inferior vena cava (IVC) stenosis or stasis. Vein wall (VW) and thrombus were analyzed by western blot, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry. Adoptive transfer of WT bone marrow derived monocytes was performed into IL6-/- mice to assess for rescue. Cultured BMDMs from WT and IL-6-/- mice underwent quantitative real time PCR and immunoblotting for fibrinolytic factors and matrix metalloproteinase activity. No differences in baseline coagulation function or platelet function were found between WT and IL-6-/- mice. VW and thrombus IL-6 and IL-6 leukocyte-specific receptor CD126 were elevated in a time-dependent fashion in both VT models. Ly6Clo Mo/MØ were the predominant leukocyte source of IL-6. IL-6-/- mice demonstrated larger, non-resolving stasis thrombi with less neovascularization, despite a similar number of monocytes/macrophages (Mo/MØ). Adoptive transfer of WT BMDM into IL-6-/- mice undergoing stasis VT resulted in phenotype rescue. Human specimens of endophlebectomized tissue showed co-staining of Monocyte and IL-6 receptor. Thrombosis matrix analysis revealed significantly increased thrombus fibronectin and collagen in IL-6-/- mice. MMP9 activity in vitro depended on endogenous IL-6 expression in Mo/MØ, and IL-6-/- mice exhibited stunted matrix metalloproteinase activity. Lack of IL-6 signaling impairs thrombus resolution potentially via dysregulation of MMP-9 leading to impaired thrombus recanalization and resolution. Restoring or augmenting monocyte-mediated IL-6 signaling in IL-6 deficient or normal subjects, respectively, may represent a non-anticoagulant target to improve thrombus resolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea T Obi
- Conrad Jobst Vascular Research Laboratories, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA.
- University of Michigan Health System, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Cardiovascular Center - 5463, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5867, USA.
| | - Sriganesh B Sharma
- Conrad Jobst Vascular Research Laboratories, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Megan A Elfline
- Conrad Jobst Vascular Research Laboratories, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Catherine E Luke
- Conrad Jobst Vascular Research Laboratories, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Abigail R Dowling
- Conrad Jobst Vascular Research Laboratories, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Qing Cai
- Conrad Jobst Vascular Research Laboratories, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Andrew S Kimball
- Section of Vascular Surgery, University of Alabama Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Mike Hollinstat
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Livia Stanger
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Bethany B Moore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Farouc A Jaffer
- Section of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Peter K Henke
- Conrad Jobst Vascular Research Laboratories, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang J, Keshava S, Das K, Kolesnick R, Jiang XC, Pendurthi UR, Rao LVM. Alterations to Sphingomyelin Metabolism Affect Hemostasis and Thrombosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:64-78. [PMID: 36412194 PMCID: PMC9762718 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.318443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our recent studies suggest that sphingomyelin levels in the plasma membrane influence TF (tissue factor) procoagulant activity. The current study was performed to investigate how alterations to sphingomyelin metabolic pathway would affect TF procoagulant activity and thereby affect hemostatic and thrombotic processes. METHODS Macrophages and endothelial cells were transfected with specific siRNAs or infected with adenoviral vectors to alter sphingomyelin levels in the membrane. TF activity was measured in factor X activation assay. Saphenous vein incision-induced bleeding and the inferior vena cava ligation-induced flow restriction mouse models were used to evaluate hemostasis and thrombosis, respectively. RESULTS Overexpression of SMS (sphingomyelin synthase) 1 or SMS2 in human monocyte-derived macrophages suppresses ATP-stimulated TF procoagulant activity, whereas silencing SMS1 or SMS2 increases the basal cell surface TF activity to the same level as of ATP-decrypted TF activity. Consistent with the concept that sphingomyelin metabolism influences TF procoagulant activity, silencing of acid sphingomyelinase or neutral sphingomyelinase 2 or 3 attenuates ATP-induced enhanced TF procoagulant activity in macrophages and endothelial cells. Niemann-Pick disease fibroblasts with a higher concentration of sphingomyelin exhibited lower TF activity compared with wild-type fibroblasts. In vivo studies revealed that LPS+ATP-induced TF activity and thrombin generation were attenuated in ASMase-/- mice, while their levels were increased in SMS2-/- mice. Further studies revealed that acid sphingomyelinase deficiency leads to impaired hemostasis, whereas SMS2 deficiency increases thrombotic risk. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our data indicate that alterations in sphingomyelin metabolism would influence TF procoagulant activity and affect hemostatic and thrombotic processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jue Wang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler (J.W., S.K., K.D., U.R.P., L.V.M.R.)
| | - Shiva Keshava
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler (J.W., S.K., K.D., U.R.P., L.V.M.R.)
| | - Kaushik Das
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler (J.W., S.K., K.D., U.R.P., L.V.M.R.)
| | | | | | - Usha R Pendurthi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler (J.W., S.K., K.D., U.R.P., L.V.M.R.)
| | - L Vijaya Mohan Rao
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler (J.W., S.K., K.D., U.R.P., L.V.M.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ren J, Li X, Zhu S, Yin B, Guo Z, Cui Q, Song J, Pei H, Ma Y. Sesamin Ameliorates Fine Particulate Matter (PM 2.5)-Induced Lung Injury via Suppression of Apoptosis and Autophagy in Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:9489-9498. [PMID: 35881548 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lung damage can be caused by fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Thus, effective prevention strategies for PM2.5-induced lung injury are urgently required. Sesamin (Ses) is a natural polyphenolic compound that has attracted considerable attention of researchers because of its wide range of pharmacological activities. The present study aims to elucidate whether Ses pretreatment could alleviate PM2.5-induced lung damage and identify its possible mechanisms. Sprague-Dawley rats were orally dosed with 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and different concentrations of Ses once a day for 21 days. Then, the rats of the PM2.5 exposure group and Ses-treated group were exposed to PM2.5 by intratracheal instillation every 2 days for 1 week. Biomarkers associated with lung injury were detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Lung tissue was collected for histology, inflammation, oxidative stress, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot. Our results showed that PM2.5 exposure could cause pathological changes in lung tissue and increase levels of TP, AKP, and ALB in BALF. Meanwhile, exposure to PM2.5 can cause oxidative stress and inflammation in the lungs. In addition, Ses pretreatment could ameliorate histopathological injury, oxidative stress, and inflammation caused by PM2.5 exposure. It could also inhibit PM2.5-induced apoptosis and upregulation of autophagy-associated proteins. Collectively, our study indicated that Ses pretreatment could ameliorate PM2.5-induced lung damage via inhibiting apoptosis and autophagy in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Ren
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Undergraduate of College of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Siqi Zhu
- Undergraduate of College of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Bowen Yin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Zihao Guo
- Undergraduate of College of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Qiqi Cui
- Undergraduate of College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Jianshi Song
- Undergraduate of College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Huanting Pei
- Undergraduate of College of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yuxia Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
A Factor XIa Inhibitor Engineered from Banded Krait Venom Toxin: Efficacy and Safety in Rodent Models of Arterial and Venous Thrombosis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071679. [PMID: 35884984 PMCID: PMC9312835 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Activated factor XI (FXIa) is an important antithrombotic drug target. Clinical and pre-clinical data have demonstrated that its inhibition attenuates thrombosis with minimal risk of excessive bleeding. We isolated Fasxiator from the venom of banded krait Bungarus fasciatus and subsequently engineered FasxiatorN17R,L19E, with improved affinity (Ki = 0.9 nM) and selectivity towards FXIa. Here, we assess the in vivo efficacy and bleeding risk of rFasxiatorN17R, L19E in pre-clinical animal models. Rats injected intravenously (i.v.) with bolus rFasxiatorN17R, L19E showed the specific in vivo attenuation of the intrinsic coagulation pathway, lasting for at least 60 min. We performed the in vivo dose-ranging experiments for rFasxiatorN17R, L19E as follows: FeCl3-induced carotid artery occlusion in rats (arterial thrombosis); inferior vena cava ligation in mice (venous thrombosis); tail bleeding time in both rats and mice (bleeding risk). Head-to-head comparisons were made using therapeutic dosages of unfractionated heparin (UFH) and low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) for arterial and venous thrombosis, respectively. In the arterial thrombosis model, 2 mg/kg i.v. rFasxiatorN17R,L19E achieved a similar antithrombotic efficacy to that of UFH, with >3-fold lower bleeding time. In the venous thrombosis model, the 10 mg/kg subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of rFasxiatorN17R,L19E achieved similar efficacy and bleeding levels to those of LMWH enoxaparin. Overall, rFasxiatorN17R,L19E represents a promising molecule for the development of FXIa-targeting anticoagulants.
Collapse
|
8
|
Kapopara PR, Safikhan NS, Huang JL, Meixner SC, Gonzalez K, Loghmani H, Ruf W, Mast AE, Lei V, Pryzdial EL, Conway EM. CD248 enhances tissue factor procoagulant function, promoting arterial and venous thrombosis in mouse models. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:1932-1947. [PMID: 33830628 PMCID: PMC8571649 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD248 is a pro-inflammatory, transmembrane glycoprotein expressed by vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), monocytes/macrophages, and other cells of mesenchymal origin. Its distribution and properties are reminiscent of those of the initiator of coagulation, tissue factor (TF). OBJECTIVE We examined whether CD248 also participates in thrombosis. METHODS We evaluated the role of CD248 in coagulation using mouse models of vascular injury, and by assessing its functional interaction with the TF-factor VIIa (FVIIa)-factor X (FX) complex. RESULTS The time to ferric chloride-induced occlusion of the carotid artery in CD248 knockout (KO) mice was significantly longer than in wild-type (WT) mice. In an inferior vena cava (IVC) stenosis model of thrombosis, lack of CD248 conferred relative resistance to thrombus formation compared to WT mice. Levels of circulating cells and coagulation factors, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and tail bleeding times were similar in both groups. Proximity ligation assays revealed that TF and CD248 are <40 nm apart, suggesting a potential functional relationship. Expression of CD248 by murine and human VSMCs, and by a monocytic cell line, significantly augmented TF-FVIIa-mediated activation of FX, which was not due to differential expression or encryption of TF, altered exposure of phosphatidylserine or differences in tissue factor pathway inhibitor expression. Rather, conformation-specific antibodies showed that CD248 induces allosteric changes in the TF-FVIIa-FX complex that facilitates FX activation by TF-FVIIa. CONCLUSION CD248 is a newly uncovered protein partner and potential therapeutic target in the TF-FVIIa-FX macromolecular complex that modulates coagulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piyushkumar R. Kapopara
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nooshin S. Safikhan
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jenny L. Huang
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Scott C. Meixner
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kevin Gonzalez
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Houra Loghmani
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Wolfram Ruf
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, USA
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alan E. Mast
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Victor Lei
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Edward L.G. Pryzdial
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Edward M. Conway
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Henke PK, Obi AT. Advances in understanding the interplay between adaptive and innate immunity in experimental venous thrombus resolution. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:1387-1389. [PMID: 33595180 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter K Henke
- University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Andrea T Obi
- University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Neutrophil extracellular traps and inflammasomes cooperatively promote venous thrombosis in mice. Blood Adv 2021; 5:2319-2324. [PMID: 33938940 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020003377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is linked to local inflammation. A role for both neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and the assembly of inflammasomes (leading to caspase-1-dependent interleukin-1β activation) in the development of DVT was recently suggested. However, no link between these 2 processes in the setting of thrombosis has been investigated. Here, we demonstrate that stimulation of neutrophils induced simultaneous formation of NETs and active caspase-1. Caspase-1 was largely associated with NETs, suggesting that secreted active caspase-1 requires NETs as an adhesive surface. NETs and their components, histones, promoted robust caspase-1 activation in platelets with the strongest effect exerted by histones 3/4. Murine DVT thrombi contained active caspase-1, which peaked at 6 hours when compared with 48-hour thrombi. Platelets constituted more than one-half of cells containing active caspase-1 in dissociated thrombi. Using intravital microscopy, we identified colocalized NETs and caspase-1 as well as platelet recruitment at the site of thrombosis. Pharmacological inhibition of caspase-1 strongly reduced DVT in mice, and thrombi that still formed contained no citrullinated histone 3, a marker of NETs. Taken together, these data demonstrate a cross-talk between NETs and inflammasomes both in vitro and in the DVT setting. This may be an important mechanism supporting thrombosis in veins.
Collapse
|
11
|
Understanding the Pathophysiology of Thrombotic APS through Animal Models. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052588. [PMID: 33806694 PMCID: PMC7961365 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a leading acquired cause of thrombotic events, with a notable tendency to promote thrombosis in vascular beds of all sizes, including both arterial and venous circuits. While pathogenic antiphospholipid antibodies circulate at relatively stable levels in blood, thrombosis tends to manifest as discrete and acute events, suggesting the requirement for a “second hit.” While this two-hit model is generally accepted, much remains to be learned about exactly how antiphospholipid antibodies predispose to thrombosis in vivo and exactly how this predisposition interacts with the second hit. To this end, investigators have turned to animal models. Numerous approaches for modeling APS in animals have been described to date, each with potential advantages and disadvantages. This review will attempt to describe the most common APS models employed so far while discussing some pros and cons of each. Mechanisms of thrombotic APS that have thus far been explored in animal models will also be briefly addressed.
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu H, Lu Z, Lin B, Zhan JY, Gui S, Chen W, Tang P, Li P, Yang W, Lin B. Inferior vena cava stenosis-induced deep vein thrombosis is influenced by multiple factors in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 128:110270. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
|
13
|
Tilburg J, Coenen DM, Zirka G, Dólleman S, van Oeveren‐Rietdijk AM, Karel MFA, de Boer HC, Cosemans JMEM, Versteeg HH, Morange PE, van Vlijmen BJM, Maracle CX, Thomas GM. SLC44A2 deficient mice have a reduced response in stenosis but not in hypercoagulability driven venous thrombosis. J Thromb Haemost 2020; 18:1714-1727. [PMID: 32297475 PMCID: PMC7383581 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome wide association studies (GWAS) identified SLC44A2 as a novel susceptibility gene for venous thrombosis (VT) and previous work established that SLC44A2 contributed to clot formation upon vascular injury. OBJECTIVE To further investigate the role of SLC44A2 in VT by utilizing SLC44A2 deficient mice (Slc44a2-/- ) in two representative disease models. METHODS Mice were included in a hypercoagulability model driven by siRNA-mediated hepatic gene silencing of anticoagulants Serpinc1 (antithrombin) and Proc (protein C) and a flow restriction (stenosis) model induced by partial ligation of the inferior vena cava. RESULTS In the hypercoagulability model, no effect in onset was observed in Slc44a2-/- animals; however, a drop in plasma fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor coinciding with an increase in blood neutrophils was recorded. In the neutrophil dependent stenosis model after 48 hours, Slc44a2-/- mice had significantly smaller thrombi both in length and weight with less platelet accumulation as a percentage of the total thrombus area. During the initiation of thrombosis at 6 hours post-stenosis, Slc44a2-/- mice also had smaller thrombi both in length and weight, with circulating platelets remaining elevated in Slc44a2-/- animals. Platelet activation and aggregation under both static- and venous and arterial shear conditions were normal for blood from Slc44a2-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS These studies corroborate the original GWAS findings and establish a contributing role for SLC44A2 during the initiation of VT, with indications that this may be related to platelet-neutrophil interaction. The precise mechanism however remains elusive and warrants further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Tilburg
- Division of Thrombosis and HemostasisDepartment of Internal MedicineEinthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Daniëlle M. Coenen
- Department of BiochemistryCardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Gaia Zirka
- Aix‐Marseille UnivINSERMINRAC2VNMarseilleFrance
| | - Sophie Dólleman
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of Internal MedicineEinthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Annemarie M. van Oeveren‐Rietdijk
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of Internal MedicineEinthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Mieke F. A. Karel
- Department of BiochemistryCardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Hetty C. de Boer
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of Internal MedicineEinthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Judith M. E. M. Cosemans
- Department of BiochemistryCardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Henri H. Versteeg
- Division of Thrombosis and HemostasisDepartment of Internal MedicineEinthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Pierre E. Morange
- Aix‐Marseille UnivINSERMINRAC2VNMarseilleFrance
- APHMCHU de la TimoneLaboratoire d’hématologieMarseilleFrance
| | - Bart J. M. van Vlijmen
- Division of Thrombosis and HemostasisDepartment of Internal MedicineEinthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Chrissta X. Maracle
- Division of Thrombosis and HemostasisDepartment of Internal MedicineEinthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Diaz JA, Saha P, Cooley B, Palmer OR, Grover SP, Mackman N, Wakefield TW, Henke PK, Smith A, Lal BK. Choosing a Mouse Model of Venous Thrombosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 39:311-318. [PMID: 30786739 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Murine models are widely used valuable tools to study deep vein thrombosis. Leading experts in venous thrombosis research came together through the American Venous Forum to develop a consensus on maximizing the utility and application of available mouse models of venous thrombosis. In this work, we provide an algorithm for model selection, with discussion of the advantages, disadvantages, and applications of the main mouse models of venous thrombosis. Additionally, we provide a detailed surgical description of the models with guidelines to validate surgical technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose A Diaz
- From the Department of Surgery, Vascular Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (J.A.D., O.R.P., T.W.W., P.K.H.)
| | - Prakash Saha
- Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, King's College London, UK (P.S., A.S.)
| | - Brian Cooley
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (B.C., S.P.G., N.M.)
| | - Olivia R Palmer
- From the Department of Surgery, Vascular Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (J.A.D., O.R.P., T.W.W., P.K.H.)
| | - Steven P Grover
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (B.C., S.P.G., N.M.)
| | - Nigel Mackman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (B.C., S.P.G., N.M.)
| | - Thomas W Wakefield
- From the Department of Surgery, Vascular Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (J.A.D., O.R.P., T.W.W., P.K.H.)
| | - Peter K Henke
- From the Department of Surgery, Vascular Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (J.A.D., O.R.P., T.W.W., P.K.H.)
| | - Alberto Smith
- Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, King's College London, UK (P.S., A.S.)
| | - Brajesh K Lal
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland, College Park (B.K.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bochenek ML, Leidinger C, Rosinus NS, Gogiraju R, Guth S, Hobohm L, Jurk K, Mayer E, Münzel T, Lankeit M, Bosmann M, Konstantinides S, Schäfer K. Activated Endothelial TGFβ1 Signaling Promotes Venous Thrombus Nonresolution in Mice Via Endothelin-1: Potential Role for Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension. Circ Res 2019; 126:162-181. [PMID: 31747868 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is characterized by defective thrombus resolution, pulmonary artery obstruction, and vasculopathy. TGFβ (transforming growth factor-β) signaling mutations have been implicated in pulmonary arterial hypertension, whereas the role of TGFβ in the pathophysiology of CTEPH is unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine whether defective TGFβ signaling in endothelial cells contributes to thrombus nonresolution and fibrosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Venous thrombosis was induced by inferior vena cava ligation in mice with genetic deletion of TGFβ1 in platelets (Plt.TGFβ-KO) or TGFβ type II receptors in endothelial cells (End.TGFβRII-KO). Pulmonary endarterectomy specimens from CTEPH patients were analyzed using immunohistochemistry. Primary human and mouse endothelial cells were studied using confocal microscopy, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot. Absence of TGFβ1 in platelets did not alter platelet number or function but was associated with faster venous thrombus resolution, whereas endothelial TGFβRII deletion resulted in larger, more fibrotic and higher vascularized venous thrombi. Increased circulating active TGFβ1 levels, endothelial TGFβRI/ALK1 (activin receptor-like kinase), and TGFβRI/ALK5 expression were detected in End.TGFβRII-KO mice, and activated TGFβ signaling was present in vessel-rich areas of CTEPH specimens. CTEPH-endothelial cells and murine endothelial cells lacking TGFβRII simultaneously expressed endothelial and mesenchymal markers and transcription factors regulating endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, similar to TGFβ1-stimulated endothelial cells. Mechanistically, increased endothelin-1 levels were detected in TGFβRII-KO endothelial cells, murine venous thrombi, or endarterectomy specimens and plasma of CTEPH patients, and endothelin-1 overexpression was prevented by inhibition of ALK5, and to a lesser extent of ALK1. ALK5 inhibition and endothelin receptor antagonization inhibited mesenchymal lineage conversion in TGFβ1-exposed human and murine endothelial cells and improved venous thrombus resolution and pulmonary vaso-occlusions in End.TGFβRII-KO mice. CONCLUSIONS Endothelial TGFβ1 signaling via type I receptors and endothelin-1 contribute to mesenchymal lineage transition and thrombofibrosis, which were prevented by blocking endothelin receptors. Our findings may have relevant implications for the prevention and management of CTEPH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena L Bochenek
- From the Center for Cardiology, Cardiology I (M.L.B., C.L., N.S.R., R.G., L.H., T.M., K.S.), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (M.L.B., L.H., K.J., M.L., M.B., S.K.), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.; RheinMain) (M.L.B., N.S.R., R.G., E.M., T.M., K.S.)
| | - Christiane Leidinger
- From the Center for Cardiology, Cardiology I (M.L.B., C.L., N.S.R., R.G., L.H., T.M., K.S.), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
| | - Nico S Rosinus
- From the Center for Cardiology, Cardiology I (M.L.B., C.L., N.S.R., R.G., L.H., T.M., K.S.), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.; RheinMain) (M.L.B., N.S.R., R.G., E.M., T.M., K.S.)
| | - Rajinikanth Gogiraju
- From the Center for Cardiology, Cardiology I (M.L.B., C.L., N.S.R., R.G., L.H., T.M., K.S.), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.; RheinMain) (M.L.B., N.S.R., R.G., E.M., T.M., K.S.)
| | - Stefan Guth
- Thoracic Surgery, Kerckhoff Clinic, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.G., E.M.)
| | - Lukas Hobohm
- From the Center for Cardiology, Cardiology I (M.L.B., C.L., N.S.R., R.G., L.H., T.M., K.S.), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (M.L.B., L.H., K.J., M.L., M.B., S.K.), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
| | - Kerstin Jurk
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (M.L.B., L.H., K.J., M.L., M.B., S.K.), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
| | - Eckhard Mayer
- Thoracic Surgery, Kerckhoff Clinic, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.G., E.M.).,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.; RheinMain) (M.L.B., N.S.R., R.G., E.M., T.M., K.S.)
| | - Thomas Münzel
- From the Center for Cardiology, Cardiology I (M.L.B., C.L., N.S.R., R.G., L.H., T.M., K.S.), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.; RheinMain) (M.L.B., N.S.R., R.G., E.M., T.M., K.S.)
| | - Mareike Lankeit
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (M.L.B., L.H., K.J., M.L., M.B., S.K.), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité -University Medicine, Berlin, Germany (M.L.)
| | - Markus Bosmann
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (M.L.B., L.H., K.J., M.L., M.B., S.K.), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany.,Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, MA (M.B.)
| | - Stavros Konstantinides
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (M.L.B., L.H., K.J., M.L., M.B., S.K.), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece (S.K.)
| | - Katrin Schäfer
- From the Center for Cardiology, Cardiology I (M.L.B., C.L., N.S.R., R.G., L.H., T.M., K.S.), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.; RheinMain) (M.L.B., N.S.R., R.G., E.M., T.M., K.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Collateral vein dynamics in mouse models of venous thrombosis: Pathways consistent with humans. Thromb Res 2019; 182:116-123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2019.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
|
17
|
Nosaka M, Ishida Y, Kimura A, Kuninaka Y, Taruya A, Furuta M, Mukaida N, Kondo T. Contribution of the TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor-α)-TNF-Rp55 (Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor p55) Axis in the Resolution of Venous Thrombus. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:2638-2650. [PMID: 30354252 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective- Deep vein thrombosis results from a combination of risk factors including genetic conditions, obesity, drugs, pregnancy, aging, and malignancy. We examined pathophysiological roles of the TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α)-TNF-Rp55 (tumor necrosis factor receptor p55) axis in thrombus resolution using Tnfrp55-/- (TNF-Rp55-deficient) mice. Approach and Results- On ligating the inferior vena cava of wild-type (WT) mice, venous thrombi formed and grew progressively until 5 days but shrunk to <50% of the thrombus weight at day 14. Concomitantly, inferior vena cava ligation enhanced intrathrombotic gene expression of Tnfa and Tnfrp55, and intrathrombotic macrophages expressed both TNF-α and TNF-Rp55 proteins. In Tnfrp55-/- mice treated with the same manner, thrombus formed at a similar rate for 5 days, but shrinking was delayed compared with WT mice. Moreover, the blood flow recovery in thrombosed inferior vena cava was suspended in Tnfrp55-/- mice compared with WT mice. Intrathrombotic Plau (urokinase-type plasminogen activator), Mmp2 (matrix metalloproteinase 2), and Mmp9 (matrix metalloproteinase 9) mRNA expression was significantly reduced in Tnfrp55-/- mice, compared with WT ones. Supportingly, the administration of anti-TNF-α antibody or TNF-α inhibitor (etanercept) delayed the thrombus resolution in WT mice. Furthermore, TNF-α treatment enhanced gene expression of Plau, Mmp2, and Mmp9 in WT macrophages but not Tnfrp55-/- macrophages. These effects were significantly suppressed by ERK (extracellular signal regulated kinase) and NF-κB (nuclear factor-kappa B) inhibitors. Therefore, the lack of TNF-Rp55 has detrimental roles in the thrombus resolution by suppressing PLAU, MMP-2, and MMP-9 expression. In contrast, TNF-α administration accelerated thrombus resolution in WT but not Tnfrp55-/- mice. Conclusions- The TNF-α-TNF-Rp55 axis may have essential roles in the resolution of venous thrombus in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mizuho Nosaka
- From the Department of Forensic Medicine (M.N., Y.I., A.K., Y.K., T.K.), Wakayama Medical University, Japan
| | - Yuko Ishida
- From the Department of Forensic Medicine (M.N., Y.I., A.K., Y.K., T.K.), Wakayama Medical University, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kimura
- From the Department of Forensic Medicine (M.N., Y.I., A.K., Y.K., T.K.), Wakayama Medical University, Japan
| | - Yumi Kuninaka
- From the Department of Forensic Medicine (M.N., Y.I., A.K., Y.K., T.K.), Wakayama Medical University, Japan
| | - Akira Taruya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (A.T.), Wakayama Medical University, Japan
| | - Machi Furuta
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine (M.F.), Wakayama Medical University, Japan
| | - Naofumi Mukaida
- Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Japan (N.M.)
| | - Toshikazu Kondo
- From the Department of Forensic Medicine (M.N., Y.I., A.K., Y.K., T.K.), Wakayama Medical University, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Diaz JA, Saha P, Cooley B, Palmer OR, Grover SP, Mackman N, Wakefield TW, Henke PK, Smith A, Lal BK. Choosing a mouse model of venous thrombosis: a consensus assessment of utility and application. J Thromb Haemost 2019; 17:699-707. [PMID: 30927321 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Murine models are widely used valuable tools to study deep vein thrombosis (VT). Leading experts in VT research came together through the American Venous Forum to develop a consensus on maximizing the utility and application of available mouse models of VT. In this work, we provide an algorithm for model selection, with discussion of the advantages, disadvantages, and applications of the main mouse models of VT. Additionally, we provide a detailed surgical description of the models with guidelines to validate surgical technique.
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and its devastating complication, pulmonary embolism, are a severe health problem with high mortality. Mechanisms of thrombus formation in veins remain obscure. Lack of mobility (e.g., after surgery or long-haul flights) is one of the main factors leading to DVT. The pathophysiological consequence of the lack of mobility is blood flow stagnation in venous valves. Here, a model is described that mimics such flow disturbance as a thrombosis-driving factor. In this model, partial flow restriction (stenosis) in the inferior vena cava (IVC) is created. Closure of about 90% of the IVC lumen for 48 h results in development of thrombi structurally similar to those in humans. The similarities are: i) most of the thrombus volume is red, i.e., consists of red blood cells and fibrin, ii) presence of a white part (lines of Zahn), iii) non-denuded endothelial monolayer, iv) elevated plasma D-Dimer levels, and v) possibility to prevent thrombosis by low molecular weight heparin. Limitations include variable size of thrombi and the fact that a certain percentage of wild-type mice (0 - 35%) may not produce a thrombus. In addition to visual observation and measurement, thrombi may be visualized by non-invasive technologies, such as ultrasonography, which allows for monitoring the dynamics of thrombus development. At shorter time points (1 - 6 h), intravital microscopy may be applied to directly observe events (e.g., recruitment of cells to the vessel wall) preceding thrombus formation. Use of this method by several teams around the world has made it possible to uncover basic mechanisms of DVT initiation and identify potential targets that might be beneficial for its prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Holly Payne
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham
| | - Alexander Brill
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham;
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
In vivo characterization of the murine venous system before and during dobutamine stimulation: implications for preclinical models of venous disease. Ann Anat 2017; 214:43-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
21
|
Sangha GS, Phillips EH, Goergen CJ. In vivo photoacoustic lipid imaging in mice using the second near-infrared window. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:736-742. [PMID: 28270980 PMCID: PMC5330553 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.000736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Photoacoustic imaging has emerged as a promising technique to improve preclinical and clinical imaging by providing users with label-free optical contrast of tissue. Here, we present a proof-of-concept study for noninvasive in vivo murine lipid imaging using 1210 nm light to investigate differences in periaortic fat among mice of different gender, genotypes, and maturation. Acquired lipid signals suggest that adult male apoE-/- mice have greater periaortic fat accumulation compared to adolescent males, apoE-/- females, and wild-type mice. These results demonstrate the potential of photoacoustic tomography for studying vascular pathophysiology and improving the diagnosis of lipid-based diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gurneet S. Sangha
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 S. Martin Jischke Dr., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Evan H. Phillips
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 S. Martin Jischke Dr., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Craig J. Goergen
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 S. Martin Jischke Dr., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, 201 S. University St., West Lafayette, IN 46907, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Obi AT, Stringer KA, Diaz JA, Finkel MA, Farris DM, Yeomans L, Wakefield T, Myers DD. 1D-¹H-nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics reveals age-related changes in metabolites associated with experimental venous thrombosis. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2015; 4:221-30. [PMID: 26993871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Age is a significant risk factor for the development of venous thrombosis (VT), but the mechanism(s) that underlie this risk remain(s) undefined and poorly understood. Aging is known to adversely influence inflammation and affect metabolism. Untargeted metabolomics permits an agnostic assessment of the physiological landscape and lends insight into the mechanistic underpinnings of clinical phenotypes. The objective of this exploratory study was to test the feasibility of a metabolomics approach for identifying potential metabolic mechanisms of age-related VT. METHODS We subjected whole blood samples collected from young and old nonthrombosed controls and VT mice 2 days after thrombus induction using the electrolytic inferior vena cava, to a methanol:chloroform extraction and assayed the resulting aqueous fractions using 1D-(1)H- nuclear magnetic resonance. Normalized mouse metabolite data were compared across groups using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Holm-Sidak post-testing. In addition, associations between metabolite concentrations and parameters of thrombosis such as thrombus and vein wall weights, and markers of inflammation, vein wall P- and E-selectin levels, were assessed using linear regression. The relatedness of the found significant metabolites was visually assessed using a bioinformatics tool, Metscape, which generates compound-reaction-enzyme-gene networks to aid in the interpretation of metabolomics data. RESULTS Old mice with VT had a greater mean vein wall weight compared with young mice with VT (P < .05). Clot weight differences between old and young mice followed the same trend as vein wall weight (0.011 ± 0.04 g vs 0.008 ± 0.003 g; P = not significant). Glutamine (ANOVA, P < .01), proline (ANOVA, P < .01), and phenylalanine (ANOVA, P < .05) levels were increased in old VT mice compared with age-matched controls and young VT mice. Betaine and/or trimethylamine N-oxide levels were increased in aged mice compared with young animals. Vein wall weight was strongly associated with glutamine (P < .05), and phenylalanine (P < .01) concentrations and there was a trend toward an association with proline (P = .09) concentration. Vein wall P-selectin, but not E-selectin levels, were increased in old VT mice and were associated with the three found metabolites of age-related VT. Collectively, with the addition of glutamate, these metabolites form a single compound-reaction-enzyme-gene network that was generated by Metscape. CONCLUSIONS We used 1D-(1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance-metabolite profiling to identify, for the first time, in an experimental model, three potential metabolites, glutamine, phenylalanine, and proline, associated with age-related VT. These metabolites are metabolically related and their levels are associated with vein wall weight and P-selectin concentrations. In aggregate, these findings provide a "roadmap" of pathways that could be interrogated in future studies, which could include provocation of the glutamine, phenylalanine, and proline pathways in the vein wall. This study introduces metabolomics as a new approach to furthering knowledge about the mechanisms of age-related VT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea T Obi
- Jobst Vascular Research Laboratories, Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Kathleen A Stringer
- The NMR Metabolomics Laboratory and the Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich; Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Jose A Diaz
- Jobst Vascular Research Laboratories, Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Michael A Finkel
- The NMR Metabolomics Laboratory and the Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Diana M Farris
- Jobst Vascular Research Laboratories, Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Larisa Yeomans
- The NMR Metabolomics Laboratory and the Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Thomas Wakefield
- Jobst Vascular Research Laboratories, Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Daniel D Myers
- Jobst Vascular Research Laboratories, Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Mich; Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
In this chapter, an overview of some of the prominent risk factors that contribute to the pathophysiology of venous thrombosis will be discussed. In 1856, Dr Rudolf Virchow developed the concept outlining the genesis of intravascular thrombosis. Dr Virchow hypothesized that circulatory stasis due to interrupted blood flow, changes in the blood leading to blood coagulation, and irritation or damage to the vascular endothelium would initiate acute venous thrombus generation. Presently, it is known that these above-mentioned risk factors are influenced by increasing age, gender, and obesity. The current chapter will focus on recent preclinical and clinical investigations that will give the reader insight into the prothrombotic mechanisms that lead to acute venous thrombosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- DD Myers
- Department of Surgery, Section of Vascular Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hish GA, Diaz JA, Hawley AE, Myers DD, Lester PA. Effects of analgesic use on inflammation and hematology in a murine model of venous thrombosis. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE : JAALAS 2014; 53:485-493. [PMID: 25255071 PMCID: PMC4181690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Venous thrombosis (VT) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in humans. Surgical animal models are crucial in studies investigating the pathogenesis of this disease and evaluating VT therapies. Because inflammation is critical to both the development and resolution of VT, analgesic medications have the potential to adversely affect multiple parameters of interest in VT research. The objective of this study was to determine how several common analgesics affect key variables in a murine ligation model of deep vein thrombosis. Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to receive either local (bupivacaine) or systemic parenteral analgesia (buprenorphine, tramadol, or carprofen) or 0.9% NaCl (control). All mice underwent laparotomy and ligation of the inferior vena cava, and treatment was continued until euthanasia at 6 or 48 h after surgery. Analysis of harvested tissues and blood included: hematology, thrombus weight, serum and vein-wall cytokines (IL1β, IL6, IL10, TNFα), soluble P-selectin, and vein-wall leukocyte infiltration. Compared with 0.9% NaCl, all of the analgesics affected multiple parameters important to VT research. Carprofen and tramadol affected the most parameters and should not be used in murine models of VT. Although they affected fewer parameters, a single dose of bupivacaine increased thrombus weight at 6 h, and buprenorphine was associated with reduced vein wall macrophages at 48 h. Although we cannot recommend the use of any of the evaluated analgesic dosages in this mouse model of VT, buprenorphine merits additional investigation to ensure the highest level of laboratory animal care and welfare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerald A Hish
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jose A Diaz
- Conrad Jobst Vascular Research Laboratories, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Angela E Hawley
- Conrad Jobst Vascular Research Laboratories, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Daniel D Myers
- Conrad Jobst Vascular Research Laboratories, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Patrick A Lester
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Dias DPM, Canola PA, Teixeira LG, Bernardi NS, Gravena K, Sampaio RDCDL, Albernaz RM, Soares LMC, Bechara GH, Canola JC, Lacerda Neto JCD. A Reproducible Venous Thrombosis Model in Horses Induced by the Combination of an Endothelial Lesion and Blood Flow Stasis. J Equine Vet Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2013.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
26
|
Tso VK, Sydora BC, Foshaug RR, Churchill TA, Doyle J, Slupsky CM, Fedorak RN. Metabolomic profiles are gender, disease and time specific in the interleukin-10 gene-deficient mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67654. [PMID: 23874435 PMCID: PMC3706546 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomic profiling can be used to study disease-induced changes in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The aim of this study was to investigate the difference in the metabolomic profile of males and females as they developed IBD. Using the IL-10 gene-deficient mouse model of IBD and wild-type mice, urine at age 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, and 20 weeks was collected and analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Multivariate data analysis was employed to assess differences in metabolomic profiles that occurred as a consequence of IBD development and severity (at week 20). These changes were contrasted to those that occurred as a consequence of gender. Our results demonstrate that both IL-10 gene-deficient and wild-type mice exhibit gender-related changes in urinary metabolomic profile over time. Some male-female separating metabolites are common to both IL-10 gene-deficient and control wild-type mice and, therefore, appear to be related predominantly to gender maturation. In addition, we were able to identify gender-separating metabolites that are unique for IL-10 gene-deficient and wild-type mice and, therefore, may be indicative of a gender-specific involvement in the development and severity of the intestinal inflammation. The comparison of the gender-separating metabolomic profile from IL-10 gene-deficient mice and wild-type mice during the development of IBD allowed us to identify changes in profile patterns that appear to be imperative in the development of intestinal inflammation, but yet central to gender-related differences in IBD development. The knowledge of metabolomic profile differences by gender and by disease severity has potential clinical implications in the design of both biomarkers of disease as well as the development of optimal therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor K. Tso
- Centre of Excellence for Gastrointestinal Inflammation and Immunity Research, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Beate C. Sydora
- Centre of Excellence for Gastrointestinal Inflammation and Immunity Research, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rae R. Foshaug
- Centre of Excellence for Gastrointestinal Inflammation and Immunity Research, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Jason Doyle
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Vernon Jubilee Hospital, Vernon, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Carolyn M. Slupsky
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Richard N. Fedorak
- Centre of Excellence for Gastrointestinal Inflammation and Immunity Research, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Diaz JA, Obi AT, Myers DD, Wrobleski SK, Henke PK, Mackman N, Wakefield TW. Critical review of mouse models of venous thrombosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 32:556-62. [PMID: 22345593 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.111.244608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism are a significant health care concern, representing a major source of mortality and morbidity. In order to understand the pathophysiology of thrombogenesis and thrombus resolution, animal models are necessary. Mouse models of venous thrombosis contribute to our understanding of the initiation, propagation, and resolution of venous thrombus, as well as allow for the evaluation of new pharmaceutical approaches to prophylaxis and treatment of deep vein thrombosis. In this work we review the ferric chloride model, the inferior vena cava ligation model, the inferior vena cava stenosis models, and the electrolytic inferior vena cava model and compare their advantages and disadvantages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose A Diaz
- Department of Surgery, Conrad Jobst Vascular Research Laboratories, University of Michigan, A570 MSRB II, Dock #6, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0654, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hampton AL, Diaz JA, Hawley AE, Wrobleski SK, Wang JG, Lee RD, Kirchhofer D, Sigler RE, Wakefield TW, Mackman N, Myers DD. Myeloid cell tissue factor does not contribute to venous thrombogenesis in an electrolytic injury model. Thromb Res 2011; 130:640-5. [PMID: 22192154 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2011.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Revised: 10/10/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tissue factor (TF) is a potent initiator of the extrinsic coagulation cascade. The role and source of TF in venous thrombotic disease is not clearly defined. Our study objective was to identify the contribution of myeloid cell TF to venous thrombogenesis in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS The mouse electrolytic inferior vena cava model was used to induce thrombosis. The following groups of mice were used (1) TF(flox/flox)LysMCre(+) mice that have reduced TF expression in myeloid cells, (2) TF(flox/flox)LysMCre(-) littermate controls, (3) Wild type mice given a monoclonal anti-mouse TF antibody (1H1) to inhibit TF activity, and (4) Wild type mice given rat IgG. Evaluations at baseline, day 2, and day 6 post thrombosis included thrombus weight, vein wall inflammatory cell migration, vein wall TF mRNA, and plasma D-dimer levels. RESULTS Inhibition of TF significantly decreased thrombus weight 2days post venous thrombosis. In contrast, TF(flox/flox)LysMCre(+) had no change in thrombus weight when compared to littermate controls. The absence of myeloid cell TF did not affect infiltration of neutrophils or monocytes into the vein wall. TF mRNA expression in the vein wall decreased at 2days but then returned to baseline levels by 6days post thrombosis. D-dimer levels peaked at 2days post thrombosis in mice with or without myeloid cell TF. CONCLUSIONS TF is important in the formation of venous thrombi in the macrovasculature. However, TF expression by myeloid cells does not significantly contribute to venous thrombogenesis in this model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Hampton
- Department of Surgery, Section of Vascular Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Risk factors for arterial and venous thrombosis in WHO-defined essential thrombocythemia: an international study of 891 patients. Blood 2011; 117:5857-9. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-02-339002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
In an international collaborative study, a central histologic review identified 891 patients with essential thrombocythemia, strictly defined by World Health Organization criteria. After a median follow-up of 6.2 years, 109 (12%) patients experienced arterial (n = 79) or venous (n = 37) thrombosis. In multivariable analysis, predictors of arterial thrombosis included age more than 60 years (P = .03; hazard ratio [HR] = 1.7), thrombosis history (P = .003; HR = 2.1), cardiovascular risk factors including tobacco use, hypertension, or diabetes mellitus (P = .007; HR = 1.9), leukocytosis (> 11 × 109/L; P = .04; HR = 1.7), and presence of JAK2V617F (P = .009; HR = 2.6). In contrast, only male gender predicted venous thrombosis. Platelet count more than 1000 × 109/L was associated with a lower risk of arterial thrombosis (P = .007; HR = 0.4). These associations, except the one with leukocytosis, remained significant (or near significant) when analysis was restricted to JAK2V617F-positive cases. The current study clarifies the contribution of specific disease and host characteristics to the risk of arterial versus venous thrombosis in essential thrombocythemia.
Collapse
|