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Djekkoun N, Depeint F, Guibourdenche M, Sabbouri HEKE, Corona A, Rhazi L, Gay-Queheillard J, Rouabah L, Biendo M, Al-Salameh A, Lalau JD, Bach V, Khorsi-Cauet H. Perigestational exposure of a combination of a high-fat diet and pesticide impacts the metabolic and microbiotic status of dams and pups; a preventive strategy based on prebiotics. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:1253-1265. [PMID: 36510012 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03063-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metabolic changes during the perinatal period are known to promote obesity and type-2 diabetes in adulthood via perturbation of the microbiota. The risk factors for metabolic disorders include a high-fat diet (HFD) and exposure to pesticide residues. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of perigestational exposure to a HFD and chlorpyrifos (CPF) on glycemia, lipid profiles, and microbial populations in Wistar dams and their female offspring. We also tested a preventive strategy based on treatment with the prebiotic inulin. METHODS From 4 months before gestation to the end of the lactation period, six groups of dams were exposed to either a standard diet, a HFD alone, CPF alone, a combination of a HFD and CPF, and/or inulin supplementation. All female offspring were fed a standard diet from weaning to adulthood. We measured the impacts of these exposures on glycemia, the lipid profile, and the microbiota (composition, metabolite production, and translocation into tissues). RESULTS HFD exposure and CPF + HFD co-exposure induced dysmetabolism and an imbalance in the gut flora in both the dams and the female offspring. Inulin mitigated the impact of exposure to a HFD alone but not that of CPF + HFD co-exposure. CONCLUSION Our results provide a better understanding of the complex interactions between environmental pollutants and diet in early life, including in the context of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narimane Djekkoun
- Laboratoire PeriTox UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80054, Amiens cedex 1, France
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire Et Moléculaire, Mentouri Brothers University of Constantine 1, 2500, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Flore Depeint
- Transformations Et Agro-Ressources ULR7519, Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle - Université d'Artois, 60026, Beauvais, France
| | - Marion Guibourdenche
- Laboratoire PeriTox UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80054, Amiens cedex 1, France
| | - Hiba El Khayat Et Sabbouri
- Laboratoire PeriTox UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80054, Amiens cedex 1, France
| | - Aurélie Corona
- Laboratoire PeriTox UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80054, Amiens cedex 1, France
| | - Larbi Rhazi
- Transformations Et Agro-Ressources ULR7519, Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle - Université d'Artois, 60026, Beauvais, France
| | - Jerome Gay-Queheillard
- Laboratoire PeriTox UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80054, Amiens cedex 1, France
| | - Leila Rouabah
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire Et Moléculaire, Mentouri Brothers University of Constantine 1, 2500, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Maurice Biendo
- Laboratoire PeriTox UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80054, Amiens cedex 1, France
| | - Abdallah Al-Salameh
- Service Endocrinologie-Diabétologie et Nutrition, CHU Amiens-Picardie, 80000, Amiens, France
| | - Jean-Daniel Lalau
- Service Endocrinologie-Diabétologie et Nutrition, CHU Amiens-Picardie, 80000, Amiens, France
| | - Véronique Bach
- Laboratoire PeriTox UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80054, Amiens cedex 1, France
| | - Hafida Khorsi-Cauet
- Laboratoire PeriTox UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80054, Amiens cedex 1, France.
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Yan J, Wang D, Meng Z, Yan S, Teng M, Jia M, Li R, Tian S, Weiss C, Zhou Z, Zhu W. Effects of incremental endosulfan sulfate exposure and high fat diet on lipid metabolism, glucose homeostasis and gut microbiota in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115697. [PMID: 33070067 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The influence of pollutants on metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus is an emerging field in environmental medicine. Here, we explored the effects of a low-dose endosulfan sulfate (ES), a major metabolite of the pesticide endosulfan and a bio-persistent contaminant detected in environmental and human samples, on the progress of obesity and metabolic disorders. Pregnant CD-1 mice were given ES from gestational day 6 to postnatal day 21 (short-term). After weaning, male pups of exposed dams were provided with a low-fat or a high-fat diet (LFD or HFD) and assessed after an additional 12 weeks. At the same time, one group of male pups continuously received ES (long-term). Treatment with low-dose ES, short or long-term, alleviated the development of obesity and accumulation of hepatic triglycerides induced by HFD. Analysis of gene expression, metabolic profile and gut microbiome indicates that ES treatment inhibits adipogenesis induced by HFD due to enhanced lipid catabolism, fatty acid oxidation and disturbance of gut microbiota composition. However, impaired glucose and insulin homeostasis were still conserved in HFD-fed mice exposed to ES. Furthermore, ES treatment impaired glucose tolerance, affected hepatic gene expression, fatty acids composition and serum metabolic profile, as well as disturbed gut microbiota in LFD-fed mice. In conclusion, ES treatment at levels close to the accepted daily intake during fetal development directly impact glucose homeostasis, hepatic lipid metabolism, and gut microbiome dependent on the type of diet consumed. These findings provide a better understanding of the complex interactions of environmental pollutants and diet at early life stages also in the context of metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dezhen Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhiyuan Meng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Sen Yan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Miaomiao Teng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ming Jia
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ruisheng Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Sinuo Tian
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Carsten Weiss
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Campus North, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Abstract
We provide an overview of studies on seafood intake in relation to obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Overweight and obesity development is for most individuals the result of years of positive energy balance. Evidence from intervention trials and animal studies suggests that frequent intake of lean seafood, as compared with intake of terrestrial meats, reduces energy intake by 4–9 %, sufficient to prevent a positive energy balance and obesity. At equal energy intake, lean seafood reduces fasting and postprandial risk markers of insulin resistance, and improves insulin sensitivity in insulin-resistant adults. Energy restriction combined with intake of lean and fatty seafood seems to increase weight loss. Marine n-3 PUFA are probably of importance through n-3 PUFA-derived lipid mediators such as endocannabinoids and oxylipins, but other constituents of seafood such as the fish protein per se, trace elements or vitamins also seem to play a largely neglected role. A high intake of fatty seafood increases circulating levels of the insulin-sensitising hormone adiponectin. As compared with a high meat intake, high intake of seafood has been reported to reduce plasma levels of the hepatic acute-phase protein C-reactive protein level in some, but not all studies. More studies are needed to confirm the dietary effects on energy intake, obesity and insulin resistance. Future studies should be designed to elucidate the potential contribution of trace elements, vitamins and undesirables present in seafood, and we argue that stratification into responders and non-responders in randomised controlled trials may improve the understanding of health effects from intake of seafood.
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Suarez-Lopez JR, Clemesha CG, Porta M, Gross MD, Lee DH. Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in early adulthood and blood lipids over a 23-year follow-up. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 66:24-35. [PMID: 30594847 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some evidence in humans suggests that persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), may alter the blood lipid composition. This study analyzed associations between serum POPs concentrations in young adulthood with blood lipid levels up to 23 years later. METHODS Serum POPs were measured in year 2 of follow-up (n = 180 men and women, ages: 20-32y), and plasma lipids in follow-up years 2, 7, 10, 15, 20 and 25. 32 POPs were detectable in ≥75% of participants (23 PCBs, 8 OCPs and PBB-153). We created summary scores for PCBs and OCPs for both wet-weight, and lipid standardized (LP) concentrations. We used repeated measures regression adjusting for demographic factors, BMI, smoking, diabetes status, among others. RESULTS We observed positive associations of the 23 LP-PCB score with total cholesterol (βper SD increase [95%CI]: 5.0 mg/dL [0.7, 9.2]), triglycerides (7.8 mg/dL [-0.9, 16.5]), LDL (4.2 mg/dL [0.2, 8.2]), oxidized LDL 3.4 U/L (-0.05, 6.8), and cholesterol/HDL ratio (0.2 [0.02, 0.3]). The associations for triglycerides (14.7 mg/dL [0.4, 20.1]), cholesterol/HDL (0.33 [0.09, 0.56]) and, to some extent, LDL (4.7 md/dL [-1.6, 10.9]) were only observed among participants in the upper 50th percentile of BMI. Non-dioxin-like PCBs had stronger associations that dioxin-like PCBs. OCPs and PBB-s had positive associations with most outcomes. CONCLUSIONS PCBs and PBB-153 measured in young adulthood were positively associated with prospective alterations in most blood lipid components, with evidence of effect modification by BMI. Further longitudinal studies with multiple measures of POPs overtime are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose R Suarez-Lopez
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive #0725, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093-0725, USA.
| | - Chase G Clemesha
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive #0725, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093-0725, USA.
| | - Miquel Porta
- Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), School of Medicine, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, and CIBERESP, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader, 88, E-08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Myron D Gross
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, MMC 609 Mayo 8609, 420 Delaware, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Duk-Hee Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 101 Dongin-dong, Jung-gu, Daegu, 700-422, Republic of Korea.
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Warner M, Rauch S, Coker ES, Harley K, Kogut K, Sjödin A, Eskenazi B. Obesity in relation to serum persistent organic pollutant concentrations in CHAMACOS women. Environ Epidemiol 2018; 2:e032. [PMID: 31106289 PMCID: PMC6521959 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), including persistent organic pollutants (POPs), has been hypothesized to increase risk of obesity. Using data from the Center for Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) study, we examined the longitudinal relationship between serum concentrations of a POPs mixture and several obesity measures. METHODS Concentrations of 17 POPs were measured in serum collected in 2009-2011 from 468 CHAMACOS women. Anthropometry measurements and personal interviews were completed at up to three study visits between 2009 and 2014. We assessed the relationship of serum POPs concentrations with adiposity measures longitudinally using generalized estimating equation (GEE) models. We implemented Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) to elucidate the effects of joint exposure to the POPs mixture. RESULTS In GEE models, positive associations with BMI were found for dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (Q4 vs Q1: adjusted-β = 3.2 kg/m2; 95%CI 1.5,4.9), β-hexachlorocyclohexane (Q4 vs Q1: adjusted-β = 3.6 kg/m2; 95%CI 2.0,5.2), and PBDE-47 (Q4 vs Q1: adjusted-β = 1.9 kg/m2; 95%CI 0.3,3.5), while PBDE-153 was inversely associated (Q4 vs Q1: adjusted-β = -2.8 kg/m2; 95%CI -4.4,-1.2). BKMR results, while largely consistent with single pollutant models, revealed the shape and direction of the exposure-response relationships, as well as interactions among pollutants within the mixture, that could not be discovered by single-pollutant models. CONCLUSION In summary, we found significant associations of serum POPs with several adiposity measures using both conventional regressions and BKMR. Our results provide support for the chemical obesogen hypothesis, that exposure to EDCs may alter risk for later obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Warner
- Center for Environmental Research and Children’s Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Stephen Rauch
- Center for Environmental Research and Children’s Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Eric S. Coker
- Center for Environmental Research and Children’s Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Kim Harley
- Center for Environmental Research and Children’s Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Katherine Kogut
- Center for Environmental Research and Children’s Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Andreas Sjödin
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Brenda Eskenazi
- Center for Environmental Research and Children’s Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California
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Madsen L, Myrmel LS, Fjære E, Liaset B, Kristiansen K. Links between Dietary Protein Sources, the Gut Microbiota, and Obesity. Front Physiol 2017; 8:1047. [PMID: 29311977 PMCID: PMC5742165 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.01047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between the gut microbiota and obesity is well documented in both humans and in animal models. It is also demonstrated that dietary factors can change the gut microbiota composition and obesity development. However, knowledge of how diet, metabolism and gut microbiota mutually interact and modulate energy metabolism and obesity development is still limited. Epidemiological studies indicate an association between intake of certain dietary protein sources and obesity. Animal studies confirm that different protein sources vary in their ability to either prevent or induce obesity. Different sources of protein such as beans, vegetables, dairy, seafood, and meat differ in amino acid composition. Further, the type and level of other factors, such as fatty acids and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) vary between dietary protein sources. All these factors can modulate the composition of the gut microbiota and may thereby influence their obesogenic properties. This review summarizes evidence of how different protein sources affect energy efficiency, obesity development, and the gut microbiota, linking protein-dependent changes in the gut microbiota with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Madsen
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway.,Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lene S Myrmel
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway
| | - Even Fjære
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bjørn Liaset
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway
| | - Karsten Kristiansen
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
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Wang D, Wang X, Zhang P, Wang Y, Zhang R, Yan J, Zhou Z, Zhu W. The fate of technical-grade chlordane in mice fed a high-fat diet and its roles as a candidate obesogen. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 222:532-542. [PMID: 28041837 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies indicate that exposure to persistent organic pollutants is positively associated with the prevalence of obesity. To delineate the potential role of technical-grade chlordane in obesity development, chlordane metabolism and chlordane-induced metabolic changes were investigated in mice fed high-fat diet (HFD) over a 6-week period. Gas chromatography-electron capture detector analysis showed that HFD induced more accumulation of technical chlordane in the liver, muscle and adipose tissue. The enantioselectivities of oxychlordane in selected tissues were also influenced by HFD. 1H NMR-based liver metabolome indicated that technical chlordane can enhance the metabolic alterations induced by HFD. Compared with the low-fat diet (LFD) group, no differences were observed in the LFD + chlordane group. However, as many as 16 metabolites were significantly different between the HFD group and HFD + chlordane group. Moreover, compared to the LFD + chlordane group, the abundances of 24 metabolites significantly increased or decreased in the HFD + chlordane group. Twenty metabolites were altered in the HFD group compared to the LFD group. Tryptophan profiling suggested that both chlordane and HFD can disturb tryptophan catabolism. These interactions between technical chlordane and HFD suggest that technical chlordane is a candidate obesogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhen Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xinru Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yao Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Renke Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Jin Yan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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Xue J, Ideraabdullah FY. An assessment of molecular pathways of obesity susceptible to nutrient, toxicant and genetically induced epigenetic perturbation. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 30:1-13. [PMID: 27012616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the etiology of human disease has greatly improved with the inclusion of epigenetic mechanisms, in particular as a common link between environment and disease. However, for most diseases we lack a detailed interpretation of the epigenetic regulatory pathways perturbed by environment and causal mechanisms. Here, we focus on recent findings elucidating nutrient-related epigenetic changes linked to obesity. We highlight studies demonstrating that obesity is a complex disease linked to disruption of epigenetically regulated metabolic pathways in the brain, adipose tissue and liver. These pathways regulate (1) homeostatic and hedonic eating behaviors, (2) adipocyte differentiation and fat accumulation, and (3) energy expenditure. By compiling these data, we illustrate that obesity-related phenotypes are repeatedly linked to disruption of critical epigenetic mechanisms that regulate key metabolic genes. These data are supported by genetic mutation of key epigenetic regulators, and many of the diet-induced epigenetic mechanisms of obesity are also perturbed by exposure to environmental toxicants. Identifying similarly perturbed epigenetic mechanisms in multiple experimental models of obesity strengthens the translational applications of these findings. We also discuss many of the ongoing challenges to understanding the role of environmentally induced epigenetic pathways in obesity and suggest future studies to elucidate these roles. This assessment illustrates our current understanding of molecular pathways of obesity that are susceptible to environmental perturbation via epigenetic mechanisms. Thus, it lays the groundwork for dissecting the complex interactions between diet, genes and toxicants that contribute to obesity and obesity-related phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xue
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 500 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Folami Y Ideraabdullah
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 500 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 120 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States; Department of Nutrition, 120 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.
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Myrmel LS, Fjære E, Midtbø LK, Bernhard A, Petersen RK, Sonne SB, Mortensen A, Hao Q, Brattelid T, Liaset B, Kristiansen K, Madsen L. Macronutrient composition determines accumulation of persistent organic pollutants from dietary exposure in adipose tissue of mice. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 27:307-16. [PMID: 26507541 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) has been linked to adipose tissue expansion. As different nutrients modulate adipose tissue development, we investigated the influence of dietary composition on POP accumulation, obesity development and related disorders. Lifespan was determined in mice fed fish-oil-based high fat diets during a long-term feeding trial and accumulation of POPs was measured after 3, 6 and 18months of feeding. Further, we performed dose-response experiments using four abundant POPs found in marine sources, PCB-153, PCB-138, PCB-118 and pp'-DDE as single congeners or as mixtures in combination with different diets: one low fat diet and two high fat diets with different protein:sucrose ratios. We measured accumulation of POPs in adipose tissue and liver and determined obesity development, glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity and hepatic expression of genes involved in metabolism of xenobiotics. Compared with mice fed diets with a low protein:sucrose ratio, mice fed diets with a high protein:sucrose ratio had significantly lower total burden of POPs in adipose tissue, were protected from obesity development and exhibited enhanced hepatic expression of genes involved in metabolism and elimination of xenobiotics. Exposure to POPs, either as single compounds or mixtures, had no effect on obesity development, glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the dietary composition of macronutrients profoundly modulates POP accumulation in adipose tissues adding an additional parameter to be included in future studies. Our results indicate that alterations in macronutrient composition might be an additional route for reducing total body burden of POPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lene Secher Myrmel
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, 5817 Bergen, Norway
| | - Even Fjære
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, 5817 Bergen, Norway
| | - Lisa Kolden Midtbø
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, 5817 Bergen, Norway
| | - Annette Bernhard
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, 5817 Bergen, Norway
| | - Rasmus Koefoed Petersen
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Si Brask Sonne
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alicja Mortensen
- Division of Risk Assessment and Nutrition, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Qin Hao
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Trond Brattelid
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, 5817 Bergen, Norway
| | - Bjørn Liaset
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, 5817 Bergen, Norway
| | - Karsten Kristiansen
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Lise Madsen
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, 5817 Bergen, Norway.
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Rantakokko P, Männistö V, Airaksinen R, Koponen J, Viluksela M, Kiviranta H, Pihlajamäki J. Persistent organic pollutants and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in morbidly obese patients: a cohort study. Environ Health 2015; 14:79. [PMID: 26420011 PMCID: PMC4588245 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-015-0066-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In animal experiments persistent organic pollutants (POPs) cause hepatosteatosis. In epidemiological studies POPs have positive associations with serum markers of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and together with obesity synergistic association with insulin resistance. Because insulin resistance and obesity are critical in NAFLD pathogenesis, we investigated the association of serum pollutant levels with liver histology and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in morbidly obese. METHODS Liver biopsies were from 161 participants of the Kuopio Obesity Surgery Study (KOBS) who underwent bariatric surgery 2005-2011. Liver histology was categorized as normal, steatosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Liver phenotype at baseline and ALT at baseline and 12 months post-surgery were correlated to serum POP concentrations at respective time points. As lipophilic POPs concentrate to smaller fat volume during weight loss, serum levels before and 12 months after bariatric surgery were compared. RESULTS Baseline serum concentration of PCB-118, β-HCH and several PFAAs had an inverse association with lobular inflammation possibly due to changes in bile acid metabolism. ALT had negative associations with many POPs at baseline that turned positive at 12 months after major clinical improvements. There was an interaction between some POPs and sex at 12 months, and in stratified data positive associations were observed mainly in females but not in males. CONCLUSIONS We found a negative association between serum concentrations of PCB-118, β-HCH and several PFAAs with lobular inflammation at baseline. Positive POPs-ATL associations at 12 months among women suggest that increased POP concentrations may decrease the degree of liver recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panu Rantakokko
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Health Protection, Chemicals and Health Unit, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Ville Männistö
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Riikka Airaksinen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Health Protection, Chemicals and Health Unit, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Jani Koponen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Health Protection, Chemicals and Health Unit, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Matti Viluksela
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Health Protection, Chemicals and Health Unit, Kuopio, Finland.
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Hannu Kiviranta
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Health Protection, Chemicals and Health Unit, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Jussi Pihlajamäki
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
- Clinical Nutrition and Obesity Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
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Ngwa EN, Kengne AP, Tiedeu-Atogho B, Mofo-Mato EP, Sobngwi E. Persistent organic pollutants as risk factors for type 2 diabetes. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2015; 7:41. [PMID: 25987904 PMCID: PMC4435855 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-015-0031-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major and fast growing public health problem. Although obesity is considered to be the main driver of the pandemic of T2DM, a possible contribution of some environmental contaminants, of which persistent organic pollutants (POPs) form a particular class, has been suggested. POPs are organic compounds that are resistant to environmental degradation through chemical, biological, and photolytic processes which enable them to persist in the environment, to be capable of long-range transport, bio accumulate in human and animal tissue, bio accumulate in food chains, and to have potential significant impacts on human health and the environment. Several epidemiological studies have reported an association between persistent organic pollutants and diabetes risk. These findings have been replicated in experimental studies both in human (in-vitro) and animals (in-vivo and in-vitro), and patho-physiological derangements through which these pollutants exercise their harmful effect on diabetes risk postulated. This review summarizes available studies, emphasises on limitations so as to enable subsequent studies to be centralized on possible pathways and bring out clearly the role of POPs on diabetes risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvis Ndonwi Ngwa
- />Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Biotechnology Centre Nkolbisson, Biotechnology Centre Nkolbisson, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Andre-Pascal Kengne
- />Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- />Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Barbara Tiedeu-Atogho
- />Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Biotechnology Centre Nkolbisson, Biotechnology Centre Nkolbisson, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Edith-Pascale Mofo-Mato
- />Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Biotechnology Centre Nkolbisson, Biotechnology Centre Nkolbisson, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Eugene Sobngwi
- />Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Biotechnology Centre Nkolbisson, Biotechnology Centre Nkolbisson, Yaounde, Cameroon
- />Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- />National Obesity Center, Yaoundé Central Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 7535, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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13
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Jaacks LM, Staimez LR. Association of persistent organic pollutants and non-persistent pesticides with diabetes and diabetes-related health outcomes in Asia: A systematic review. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2015; 76:57-70. [PMID: 25545233 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over half of the people with diabetes in the world live in Asia. Emerging scientific evidence suggests that diabetes is associated with environmental pollutants, exposures that are also abundant in Asia. OBJECTIVE To systematically review the literature concerning the association of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and non-persistent pesticides with diabetes and diabetes-related health outcomes in Asia. METHODS PubMed and Embase were searched to identify studies published up to November 2014. A secondary reference review of all extracted articles and the National Toxicology Program Workshop on the association of POPs with diabetes was also conducted. A total of 19 articles met the inclusion criteria and were evaluated in this review. RESULTS To date, the evidence relating POPs and non-persistent pesticides with diabetes in Asian populations is equivocal. Positive associations were reported between serum concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and several organochlorine pesticides (DDT, DDE, oxychlordane, trans-nonachlor, hexachlorobenzene, hexachlorocyclohexane) with diabetes. PCDD/Fs were also associated with blood glucose and insulin resistance, but not beta-cell function. There were substantial limitations of the literature including: most studies were cross-sectional, few studies addressed selection bias and confounding, and most effect estimates had exceptionally wide confidence intervals. Few studies evaluated the effects of organophosphates. CONCLUSIONS Well-conducted research is urgently needed on these pervasive exposures to inform policies to mitigate the diabetes epidemic in Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay M Jaacks
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lisa R Staimez
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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14
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Lee DH, Porta M, Jacobs DR, Vandenberg LN. Chlorinated persistent organic pollutants, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. Endocr Rev 2014; 35:557-601. [PMID: 24483949 PMCID: PMC5393257 DOI: 10.1210/er.2013-1084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are lipophilic compounds that travel with lipids and accumulate mainly in adipose tissue. Recent human evidence links low-dose POPs to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Because humans are contaminated by POP mixtures and POPs possibly have nonmonotonic dose-response relations with T2D, critical methodological issues arise in evaluating human findings. This review summarizes epidemiological results on chlorinated POPs and T2D, and relevant experimental evidence. It also discusses how features of POPs can affect inferences in humans. The evidence as a whole suggests that, rather than a few individual POPs, background exposure to POP mixtures-including organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls-can increase T2D risk in humans. Inconsistent statistical significance for individual POPs may arise due to distributional differences in POP mixtures among populations. Differences in the observed shape of the dose-response curves among human studies may reflect an inverted U-shaped association secondary to mitochondrial dysfunction or endocrine disruption. Finally, we examine the relationship between POPs and obesity. There is evidence in animal studies that low-dose POP mixtures are obesogenic. However, relationships between POPs and obesity in humans have been inconsistent. Adipose tissue plays a dual role of promoting T2D and providing a relatively safe place to store POPs. Large prospective studies with serial measurements of a broad range of POPs, adiposity, and clinically relevant biomarkers are needed to disentangle the interrelationships among POPs, obesity, and the development of T2D. Also needed are laboratory experiments that more closely mimic real-world POP doses, mixtures, and exposure duration in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duk-Hee Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine (D.-H.L.), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, Korea; BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science (D.-H.L.), Kyungpook National University, Korea; Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (M.P.), School of Medicine, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Barcelona 08193, Spain; Division of Epidemiology (D.R.J.), School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455; Department of Nutrition (D.R.J.), University of Oslo, 0313 Oslo, Norway; and University of Massachusetts-Amherst (L.N.V.), School of Public Health, Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
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Hectors TLM, Vanparys C, Van Gaal LF, Jorens PG, Covaci A, Blust R. Insulin resistance and environmental pollutants: experimental evidence and future perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2013; 121:1273-81. [PMID: 24058052 PMCID: PMC3855520 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1307082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The metabolic disruptor hypothesis postulates that environmental pollutants may be risk factors for metabolic diseases. Because insulin resistance is involved in most metabolic diseases and current health care prevention programs predominantly target insulin resistance or risk factors thereof, a critical analysis of the role of pollutants in insulin resistance might be important for future management of metabolic diseases. OBJECTIVES We aimed to critically review the available information linking pollutant exposure to insulin resistance and to open the discussion on future perspectives for metabolic disruptor identification and prioritization strategies. METHODS We searched PubMed and Web of Science for experimental studies reporting on linkages between environmental pollutants and insulin resistance and identified a total of 23 studies as the prime literature. DISCUSSION Recent studies specifically designed to investigate the effect of pollutants on insulin sensitivity show a potential causation of insulin resistance. Based on these studies, a summary of viable test systems and end points can be composed, allowing insight into what is missing and what is needed to create a standardized insulin resistance toxicity testing strategy. CONCLUSIONS It is clear that current research predominantly relies on top-down identification of insulin resistance-inducing metabolic disruptors and that the development of dedicated in vitro or ex vivo screens to allow animal sparing and time- and cost-effective bottom-up screening is a major future research need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tine L M Hectors
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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