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Dziadosz-Brzezińska A, Kusiński S, Piróg A, Urban-Wójciuk Z, Padariya M, Kalathiya U, Kote S, Sznarkowska A. Considerations for antibody-based detection of NRF2 in human cells. Redox Biol 2025; 81:103549. [PMID: 40043449 PMCID: PMC11926719 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2025.103549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2025] [Revised: 02/11/2025] [Accepted: 02/12/2025] [Indexed: 03/22/2025] Open
Abstract
Based on the knockdown and overexpression experiments, it is accepted that in Tris-glycine SDS-PAGE human NRF2 migrates above 100 kDa, depending on the percentage of the gel. In 8 % Tris-glycine gel, monoclonal anti-NRF2 antibodies detect NRF2 signal as three bands migrating between 100 and 130 kDa. Here we used mass spectrometry to identify proteins immunoprecipitated by anti-NRF2 antibodies migrating in this range under steady state, upon NRF2 activator tert-BHQ and after translation inhibition with emetine. Our results show that three commercial monoclonal antibodies with epitopes in the center and in the C-terminus of NRF2 also bind calmegin, an ER-residing chaperone, that co-migrates with NRF2 in SDS-PAGE and gives stronger signal in western blot than NRF2. Calmegin has a much longer half life than NRF2 and resides in the cytoplasm, which differentiates it from NRF2. The most specific anti-NRF2 antibody in western blot, Cell Signaling Technology clone E5F1 is also specific in staining nuclear NRF2 in immunofluorescence. Other antibodies, that recognize calmegin in western blot, still can be specific for nuclear NRF2 in immunofluorescence, but require prior validation with NRF2 knockdown or knockout. These results appeal for caution and consideration when analyzing and interpreting results from antibody-based NRF2 detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Dziadosz-Brzezińska
- University of Gdansk, International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, Kladki 24, 80-822, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Sara Kusiński
- University of Gdansk, International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, Kladki 24, 80-822, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Artur Piróg
- University of Gdansk, International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, Kladki 24, 80-822, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Urban-Wójciuk
- University of Gdansk, International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, Kladki 24, 80-822, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Monikaben Padariya
- University of Gdansk, International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, Kladki 24, 80-822, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Umesh Kalathiya
- University of Gdansk, International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, Kladki 24, 80-822, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Sachin Kote
- University of Gdansk, International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, Kladki 24, 80-822, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Alicja Sznarkowska
- University of Gdansk, International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, Kladki 24, 80-822, Gdansk, Poland.
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2
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Bernuzzi F, Maertens A, Saha S, Troncoso-Rey P, Ludwig T, Hiller K, Mithen RF, Korcsmaros T, Traka MH. Sulforaphane rewires central metabolism to support antioxidant response and achieve glucose homeostasis. Redox Biol 2023; 67:102878. [PMID: 37703668 PMCID: PMC10502441 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cruciferous-rich diets, particularly broccoli, have been associated with reduced risk of developing cancers of various sites, cardiovascular disease and type-2 diabetes. Sulforaphane (SF), a sulfur-containing broccoli-derived metabolite, has been identified as the major bioactive compound mediating these health benefits. Sulforaphane is a potent dietary activator of the transcription factor Nuclear factor erythroid-like 2 (NRF2), the master regulator of antioxidant cell capacity responsible for inducing cytoprotective genes, but its role in glucose homeostasis remains unclear. In this study, we set to test the hypothesis that SF regulates glucose metabolism and ameliorates glucose overload and its resulting oxidative stress by inducing NRF2 in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. HepG2 cells were exposed to varying glucose concentrations: basal (5.5 mM) and high glucose (25 mM), in the presence of physiological concentrations of SF (10 μM). SF upregulated the expression of glutathione (GSH) biosynthetic genes and significantly increased levels of reduced GSH. Labelled glucose and glutamine experiments to measure metabolic fluxes identified that SF increased intracellular utilisation of glycine and glutamate by redirecting the latter away from the TCA cycle and increased the import of cysteine from the media, likely to support glutathione synthesis. Furthermore, SF altered pathways generating NADPH, the necessary cofactor for oxidoreductase reactions, namely pentose phosphate pathway and 1C-metabolism, leading to the redirection of glucose away from glycolysis and towards PPP and of methionine towards methylation substrates. Finally, transcriptomic and targeted metabolomics LC-MS analysis of NRF2-KD HepG2 cells generated using CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing revealed that the above metabolic effects are mediated through NRF2. These results suggest that the antioxidant properties of cruciferous diets are intricately connected to their metabolic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Bernuzzi
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Andre Maertens
- Braunschweig Integrated Centre of System Biology, Technical University of Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Shikha Saha
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Perla Troncoso-Rey
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Tobias Ludwig
- Braunschweig Integrated Centre of System Biology, Technical University of Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Karsten Hiller
- Braunschweig Integrated Centre of System Biology, Technical University of Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Tamas Korcsmaros
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom; Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Maria H Traka
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom.
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3
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Pensabene KM, LaMorte J, Allender AE, Wehr J, Kaur P, Savage M, Eggler AL. Acute Oxidative Stress Can Paradoxically Suppress Human NRF2 Protein Synthesis by Inhibiting Global Protein Translation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1735. [PMID: 37760038 PMCID: PMC10525356 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The NRF2 transcription factor is a master regulator of the cellular oxidant/electrophile response and a drug target for the prevention/treatment of chronic diseases. A major mechanism of NRF2 activation is its escape from rapid degradation, and newly synthesized NRF2 induces cytoprotective protein expression through its cognate antioxidant response elements (AREs). However, oxidative stress can also inhibit global protein translation, thereby potentially inhibiting NRF2 protein accumulation. H2O2 has been shown to be a relatively weak inducer of NRF2 in comparison with electrophiles. In the current study, we evaluated whether levels of H2O2 that activate the NRF2/ARE pathway inhibit NRF2 protein synthesis in HaCaT keratinocytes. A weak maximum induction was observed for H2O2 in comparison with electrophiles, both for NRF2 protein accumulation and ARE reporter activation (~10-fold compared to ≥100-fold activation). At similar H2O2 concentrations, both NRF2 protein synthesis and global protein synthesis were inhibited. The manganese porphyrin antioxidant MnTMPyP rescued both global protein synthesis and NRF2 protein synthesis from H2O2 inhibition and increased ARE reporter activation. Similar results were observed for the diphenol di-tert-butylhydroquinone (dtBHQ). In conclusion, induction of the NRF2/ARE pathway by H2O2 and dtBHQ-derived oxidative species can be limited by inhibition of NRF2 protein synthesis, likely by arrest of global protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Aimee L. Eggler
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, USA
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4
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Kamienieva I, Charzyńska A, Duszyński J, Malińska D, Szczepanowska J. In search for mitochondrial biomarkers of Parkinson's disease: Findings in parkin-mutant human fibroblasts. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023:166787. [PMID: 37302428 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Most cases of Parkinson's disease (PD) are idiopathic, with unknown aetiology and genetic background. However, approximately 10 % of cases are caused by defined genetic mutations, among which mutations in the parkin gene are the most common. There is increasing evidence of the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in the development of both idiopathic and genetic PD. However, the data on mitochondrial changes reported by different studies are inconsistent, which can reflect the variability in genetic background of the disease. Mitochondria, as a plastic and dynamic organelles, are the first place in the cell to respond to external and internal stress. In this work, we characterized mitochondrial function and dynamics (network morphology and turnover regulation) in primary fibroblasts from PD patients with parkin mutations. We performed clustering analysis of the obtained data to compare the profiles of mitochondrial parameters in PD patients and healthy donors. This allowed to extract the features characteristic for PD patients fibroblasts, which were a smaller and less complex mitochondrial network and decreased levels of mitochondrial biogenesis regulators and mitophagy mediators. The approach we used allowed a comprehensive characteristics of elements common for mitochondrial dynamics remodelling accompanying pathogenic mutation. This may be helpful in the deciphering key pathomechanisms of the PD disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Kamienieva
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Agata Charzyńska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Jerzy Duszyński
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Dominika Malińska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Joanna Szczepanowska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland.
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5
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Li G, Liu C, Yang L, Feng L, Zhang S, An J, Li J, Gao Y, Pan Z, Xu Y, Liu J, Wang Y, Yan J, Cui J, Qi Z, Yang L. Syringaresinol protects against diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting pyroptosis via NRF2-mediated antioxidant pathway. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:621-639. [PMID: 36640193 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-023-09790-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the serious complications of diabetes that has limited treatment options. As a lytic inflammatory cell death, pyroptosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of DN. Syringaresinol (SYR) possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, the therapeutic effects and the underlying mechanism of SYR in DN remain unclear. Herein, we showed that SYR treatment ameliorated renal hypertrophy, fibrosis, mesangial expansion, glomerular basement membrane thickening, and podocyte foot process effacement in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Mechanistically, SYR prevented the abundance of pyroptosis-related proteins such as NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase 1 (Caspase-1), and gasdermin D (GSDMD), and the biosynthesis of inflammatory cytokines interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and interleukin 18 (IL-18). In addition, SYR promoted the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and enhanced the downstream antioxidant enzymes heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), thereby effectively decreasing excess reactive oxygen species (ROS). Most importantly, knockout of NRF2 abolished SYR-mediated renoprotection and anti-pyroptotic activities in NRF2-KO diabetic mice. Collectively, SYR inhibited the NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pyroptosis pathway by upregulating NRF2 signaling in DN. These findings suggested that SYR may be promising a therapeutic option for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangru Li
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Lifeng Feng
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shengzheng Zhang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jiale An
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of General Surgery in Construction, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300122, China
| | - Zhongjie Pan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of General Surgery in Construction, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300122, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yachen Wang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jianlin Cui
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhi Qi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of General Surgery in Construction, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300122, China.
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Hospital, Xinjiang, 830092, China.
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of General Surgery in Construction, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300122, China.
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6
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Huang WZ, Liu TM, Liu ST, Chen SY, Huang SM, Chen GS. Oxidative Status Determines the Cytotoxicity of Ascorbic Acid in Human Oral Normal and Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054851. [PMID: 36902281 PMCID: PMC10002971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) can arise anywhere in the oral cavity. OSCC's molecular pathogenesis is complex, resulting from a wide range of events that involve the interplay between genetic mutations and altered levels of transcripts, proteins, and metabolites. Platinum-based drugs are the first-line treatment for OSCC; however, severe side-effects and resistance are challenging issues. Thus, there is an urgent clinical need to develop novel and/or combinatory therapeutics. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic effects of pharmacological concentrations of ascorbate on two human oral cell lines, the oral epidermoid carcinoma meng-1 (OECM-1) cell and the Smulow-Glickman (SG) human normal gingival epithelial cell. Our study examined the potential functional impact of pharmacological concentrations of ascorbates on the cell-cycle profiles, mitochondrial-membrane potential, oxidative response, the synergistic effect of cisplatin, and the differential responsiveness between OECM-1 and SG cells. Two forms of ascorbate, free and sodium forms, were applied to examine the cytotoxic effect and it was found that both forms had a similar higher sensitivity to OECM-1 cells than to SG cells. In addition, our study data suggest that the determinant factor of cell density is important for ascorbate-induced cytotoxicity in OECM-1 and SG cells. Our findings further revealed that the cytotoxic effect might be mediated through the induction of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the reduction in cytosolic ROS generation. The combination index supported the agonistic effect between sodium ascorbate and cisplatin in OECM-1 cells, but not in SG cells. In summary, our current findings provide supporting evidence for ascorbate to serve as a sensitizer for platinum-based treatment of OSCC. Hence, our work provides not only repurposing of the drug, ascorbate, but also an opportunity to decrease the side-effects of, and risk of resistance to, platinum-based treatment for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Zhi Huang
- School of Dentistry, Department of Dentistry of Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
- Division of Orthodontics, Pediatric Dentistry and Pediatric for Special Need, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Ming Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ting Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
| | - Ssu-Yu Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ming Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
| | - Gunng-Shinng Chen
- School of Dentistry, Department of Dentistry of Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
- Division of Orthodontics, Pediatric Dentistry and Pediatric for Special Need, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or
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7
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Zhou Y, Tang J, Lan J, Zhang Y, Wang H, Chen Q, Kang Y, Sun Y, Feng X, Wu L, Jin H, Chen S, Peng Y. Honokiol alleviated neurodegeneration by reducing oxidative stress and improving mitochondrial function in mutant SOD1 cellular and mouse models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:577-597. [PMID: 36873166 PMCID: PMC9979194 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting both upper and lower motor neurons (MNs) with large unmet medical needs. Multiple pathological mechanisms are considered to contribute to the progression of ALS, including neuronal oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Honokiol (HNK) has been reported to exert therapeutic effects in several neurologic disease models including ischemia stroke, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Here we found that honokiol also exhibited protective effects in ALS disease models both in vitro and in vivo. Honokiol improved the viability of NSC-34 motor neuron-like cells that expressed the mutant G93A SOD1 proteins (SOD1-G93A cells for short). Mechanistical studies revealed that honokiol alleviated cellular oxidative stress by enhancing glutathione (GSH) synthesis and activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway. Also, honokiol improved both mitochondrial function and morphology via fine-tuning mitochondrial dynamics in SOD1-G93A cells. Importantly, honokiol extended the lifespan of the SOD1-G93A transgenic mice and improved the motor function. The improvement of antioxidant capacity and mitochondrial function was further confirmed in the spinal cord and gastrocnemius muscle in mice. Overall, honokiol showed promising preclinical potential as a multiple target drug for ALS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jingshu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jiaqi Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hongyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Qiuyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yuying Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinhong Feng
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Lei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hongtao Jin
- New Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shizhong Chen
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ying Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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8
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Banas K, Modarai S, Rivera-Torres N, Yoo BC, Bialk PA, Barrett C, Batish M, Kmiec EB. Exon skipping induced by CRISPR-directed gene editing regulates the response to chemotherapy in non-small cell lung carcinoma cells. Gene Ther 2022; 29:357-367. [PMID: 35314779 PMCID: PMC9203268 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-022-00324-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We have been developing CRISPR-directed gene editing as an augmentative therapy for the treatment of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) by genetic disruption of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (NRF2). NRF2 promotes tumor cell survival in response to therapeutic intervention and thus its disablement should restore or enhance effective drug action. Here, we report how NRF2 disruption leads to collateral damage in the form of CRISPR-mediated exon skipping. Heterogeneous populations of transcripts and truncated proteins produce a variable response to chemotherapy, dependent on which functional domain is missing. We identify and characterize predicted and unpredicted transcript populations and discover that several types of transcripts arise through exon skipping; wherein one or two NRF2 exons are missing. In one specific case, the presence or absence of a single nucleotide determines whether an exon is skipped or not by reorganizing Exonic Splicing Enhancers (ESEs). We isolate and characterize the diversity of clones induced by CRISPR activity in a NSCLC tumor cell population, a critical and often overlooked genetic byproduct of this exciting technology. Finally, gRNAs must be designed with care to avoid altering gene expression patterns that can account for variable responses to solid tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Banas
- Gene Editing Institute, ChristianaCare, Newark, DE, USA
| | | | | | | | - Pawel A Bialk
- Gene Editing Institute, ChristianaCare, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Connor Barrett
- Department of Medical and Molecular Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Mona Batish
- Department of Medical and Molecular Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Eric B Kmiec
- Gene Editing Institute, ChristianaCare, Newark, DE, USA.
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9
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Bi Z, Fu Y, Wadgaonkar P, Qiu Y, Almutairy B, Zhang W, Seno A, Thakur C, Chen F. New Discoveries and Ambiguities of Nrf2 and ATF3 Signaling in Environmental Arsenic-Induced Carcinogenesis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:77. [PMID: 35052581 PMCID: PMC8773296 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Environment exposure to arsenic had been linked to increased incidents of human cancers. In cellular and animal experimental systems, arsenic has been shown to be highly capable of activating several signaling pathways that play critical roles in cell growth regulation, malignant transformation and the stemness of cancer stem-like cells. Emerging evidence indicates certain oncogenic properties of the Nrf2 transcription factor that can be activated by arsenic and many other environmental hazards. In human bronchial epithelial cells, our most recent data suggested that arsenic-activated Nrf2 signaling fosters metabolic reprogramming of the cells through shifting mitochondrial TCA cycle to cytosolic glycolysis, and some of the metabolites in glycolysis shunt the hexosamine biosynthesis and serine-glycine pathways important for the energy metabolism of the cancer cells. In the current report, we further demonstrated direct regulation of oncogenic signals by arsenic-activated Nrf2 and connection of Nrf2 with ATF3 stress transcription factor. Meanwhile, we also highlighted some unanswered questions on the molecular characteristics of the Nrf2 protein, which warrants further collaborative efforts among scientists for understanding the important role of Nrf2 in human cancers either associated or not to environmental arsenic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyue Bi
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Lauterbur Drive, Brookhaven, NY 11794, USA; (Z.B.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (W.Z.); (C.T.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (P.W.); (B.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Yao Fu
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Lauterbur Drive, Brookhaven, NY 11794, USA; (Z.B.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (W.Z.); (C.T.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (P.W.); (B.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Priya Wadgaonkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (P.W.); (B.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Yiran Qiu
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Lauterbur Drive, Brookhaven, NY 11794, USA; (Z.B.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (W.Z.); (C.T.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (P.W.); (B.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Bandar Almutairy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (P.W.); (B.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Wenxuan Zhang
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Lauterbur Drive, Brookhaven, NY 11794, USA; (Z.B.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (W.Z.); (C.T.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (P.W.); (B.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Akimasa Seno
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (P.W.); (B.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Chitra Thakur
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Lauterbur Drive, Brookhaven, NY 11794, USA; (Z.B.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (W.Z.); (C.T.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (P.W.); (B.A.); (A.S.)
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, Brookhaven, NY 11794, USA
| | - Fei Chen
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Lauterbur Drive, Brookhaven, NY 11794, USA; (Z.B.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (W.Z.); (C.T.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (P.W.); (B.A.); (A.S.)
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, Brookhaven, NY 11794, USA
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10
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Audry A, Mathiot J, Muller S, Coiscaud A, Langonné I, Battais F, Leininger B, Sponne I. A new cytometry-based method reveals an accumulation of Nrf2 in dendritic cells exposed to two respiratory sensitizers. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 10:1223-1227. [PMID: 34956624 PMCID: PMC8692752 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfab101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying chemical respiratory sensitization are incompletely understood. One of the major cell types involved in this pathology are dendritic cells. In this study, the mechanisms of the NRF2-Keap1 pathway were studied using a bone marrow-derived dendritic cell model exposed to two respiratory sensitizers: ammonium hexachloroplatinate (HCP) and ammonium tetrachloroplatinate (ATCP). Expression levels for two Nrf2-regulated genes, hmox1 and srxn1, were analyzed by real time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. A flow cytometry-based method was also developed to measure intracellular Nrf2 accumulation in dendritic cells following exposure. Exposure to HCP and ATCP increased both hmox1 and srxn1 gene expression, and was associated with accumulation of Nrf2 protein in cells. Overall, these results show that the respiratory sensitizers, in addition to skin sensitizers, can also induced markers associated with NRF2-Keap1 pathway activation in dendritic cells. This study contributes to a better understanding of the adverse outcome of respiratory sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Audry
- Correspondence address. Department of Toxicology and Biometrology, National Institute for Research and Safety (INRS), rue du Morvan – 54500 Vandœuvre-ès-Nancy, France. Tel: +33 3 83 50 20 00; E-mail:
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11
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Faber SC, McNabb NA, Ariel P, Aungst ER, McCullough SD. Exposure Effects Beyond the Epithelial Barrier: Transepithelial Induction of Oxidative Stress by Diesel Exhaust Particulates in Lung Fibroblasts in an Organotypic Human Airway Model. Toxicol Sci 2021; 177:140-155. [PMID: 32525552 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro bronchial epithelial monoculture models have been pivotal in defining the adverse effects of inhaled toxicant exposures; however, they are only representative of one cellular compartment and may not accurately reflect the effects of exposures on other cell types. Lung fibroblasts exist immediately beneath the bronchial epithelial barrier and play a central role in lung structure and function, as well as disease development and progression. We tested the hypothesis that in vitro exposure of a human bronchial epithelial cell barrier to the model oxidant diesel exhaust particulates caused transepithelial oxidative stress in the underlying lung fibroblasts using a human bronchial epithelial cell and lung fibroblast coculture model. We observed that diesel exhaust particulates caused transepithelial oxidative stress in underlying lung fibroblasts as indicated by intracellular accumulation of the reactive oxygen species hydrogen peroxide, oxidation of the cellular antioxidant glutathione, activation of NRF2, and induction of oxidative stress-responsive genes. Further, targeted antioxidant treatment of lung fibroblasts partially mitigated the oxidative stress response gene expression in adjacent human bronchial epithelial cells during diesel exhaust particulate exposure. This indicates that exposure-induced oxidative stress in the airway extends beyond the bronchial epithelial barrier and that lung fibroblasts are both a target and a mediator of the adverse effects of inhaled chemical exposures despite being separated from the inhaled material by an epithelial barrier. These findings illustrate the value of coculture models and suggest that transepithelial exposure effects should be considered in inhalation toxicology research and testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha C Faber
- Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Nicole A McNabb
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Pablo Ariel
- Microscopy Services Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Emily R Aungst
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Shaun D McCullough
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
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12
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Mikac S, Rychłowski M, Dziadosz A, Szabelska-Beresewicz A, Fahraeus R, Hupp T, Sznarkowska A. Identification of a Stable, Non-Canonically Regulated Nrf2 Form in Lung Cancer Cells. ANTIOXIDANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:antiox10050786. [PMID: 34063559 PMCID: PMC8157215 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NF-E2)-related factor 2) transcription factor is recognized for its pro-survival and cell protective role upon exposure to oxidative, chemical, or metabolic stresses. Nrf2 controls a number of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, autophagy, lipid synthesis, and metabolism and glucose metabolism and is a target of activation in chronic diseases like diabetes, neurodegenerative, and inflammatory diseases. The dark side of Nrf2 is revealed when its regulation is imbalanced (e.g., via oncogene activation or mutations) and under such conditions constitutively active Nrf2 promotes cancerogenesis, metastasis, and radio- and chemoresistance. When there is no stress, Nrf2 is instantly degraded via Keap1-Cullin 3 (Cul3) pathway but despite this, cells exhibit a basal activation of Nrf2 target genes. It is yet not clear how Nrf2 maintains the expression of its targets under homeostatic conditions. Here, we found a stable 105 kDa Nrf2 form that is resistant to Keap1-Cul3-mediated degradation and translocates to the nucleus of lung cancer cells. RNA-Seq analysis indicate that it might originate from the exon 2 or exon 3-truncated transcripts. This stable 105 kDa Nrf2 form might help explain the constitutive activity of Nrf2 under normal cellular conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mikac
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, University of Gdansk, Kladki 24, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland; (S.M.); (A.D.); (R.F.); (T.H.)
| | - Michał Rychłowski
- Laboratory of Virus Molecular Biology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk, Abrahama 58, 80-307 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Alicja Dziadosz
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, University of Gdansk, Kladki 24, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland; (S.M.); (A.D.); (R.F.); (T.H.)
| | - Alicja Szabelska-Beresewicz
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 28 Wojska Polskiego St, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Robin Fahraeus
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, University of Gdansk, Kladki 24, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland; (S.M.); (A.D.); (R.F.); (T.H.)
- Inserm UMRS1131, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire, Université Paris 7, Hôpital St. Louis, F-75010 Paris, France
- RECAMO, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Zluty kopec 7, 65653 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Building 6M, Umeå University, 901 85 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Theodore Hupp
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, University of Gdansk, Kladki 24, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland; (S.M.); (A.D.); (R.F.); (T.H.)
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre at the Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH14 1DJ, UK
| | - Alicja Sznarkowska
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, University of Gdansk, Kladki 24, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland; (S.M.); (A.D.); (R.F.); (T.H.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Peritore AF, D’Amico R, Cordaro M, Siracusa R, Fusco R, Gugliandolo E, Genovese T, Crupi R, Di Paola R, Cuzzocrea S, Impellizzeri D. PEA/Polydatin: Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Approach to Counteract DNBS-Induced Colitis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:464. [PMID: 33809584 PMCID: PMC8000209 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) has well-known anti-inflammatory effects. However, PEA does not possess an antioxidant ability. A comicronized formulation of ultramicronized PEA (um-PEA) and polydatin (Pol) PEA/Pol, a biological precursor of resveratrol with antioxidant activity, could have protective effects on oxidative stress produced by inflammatory processes. We evaluated the effects of a comicronized PEA/Pol 10 mg/kg (9 mg of um-PEA+1 mg of polydatin) in a model of Dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis. Ulcerative colitis was induced in mice by intrarectally injection of DNBS (4 mg in 100 µL of 50% ethanol per mouse). Macroscopic and histologic colon alterations and marked clinical signs were observed four days after DNBS and elevated cytokine production. The myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity assessed for neutrophil infiltration was associated with ICAM-1 and P-selectin adhesion controls in colons. Oxidative stress was detected with increased poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) and nitrotyrosine positive staining and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in inflamed colons. Macroscopic and histologic alterations minimized by oral PEA/Pol, as well as neutrophil infiltration, inflammatory cytokine release, MDA, nitrotyrosine, PARP and ICAM-1, and P-selectin expressions. The mechanism of action of PEA/Pol could be related to the sirtuin 1/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (SIRT-1/Nrf2) pathway and nuclear factor (NF)-κB. PEA/Pol administration inhibited NF-κB and increased SIRT-1/Nrf2 expressions. Our results show that PEA/Pol is capable of decreasing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) DNBS-induced in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Filippo Peritore
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.F.P.); (R.D.); (R.S.); (R.F.); (T.G.); (D.I.)
| | - Ramona D’Amico
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.F.P.); (R.D.); (R.S.); (R.F.); (T.G.); (D.I.)
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy;
| | - Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.F.P.); (R.D.); (R.S.); (R.F.); (T.G.); (D.I.)
| | - Roberta Fusco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.F.P.); (R.D.); (R.S.); (R.F.); (T.G.); (D.I.)
| | - Enrico Gugliandolo
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (E.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Tiziana Genovese
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.F.P.); (R.D.); (R.S.); (R.F.); (T.G.); (D.I.)
| | - Rosalia Crupi
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (E.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.F.P.); (R.D.); (R.S.); (R.F.); (T.G.); (D.I.)
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.F.P.); (R.D.); (R.S.); (R.F.); (T.G.); (D.I.)
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Daniela Impellizzeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.F.P.); (R.D.); (R.S.); (R.F.); (T.G.); (D.I.)
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14
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Tauber S, Sieckmann MK, Erler K, Stahl W, Klotz LO, Steinbrenner H. Activation of Nrf2 by Electrophiles Is Largely Independent of the Selenium Status of HepG2 Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020167. [PMID: 33498683 PMCID: PMC7911449 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenoenzymes, whose activity depends on adequate selenium (Se) supply, and phase II enzymes, encoded by target genes of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), take part in governing cellular redox homeostasis. Their interplay is still not entirely understood. Here, we exposed HepG2 hepatoma cells cultured under Se-deficient, Se-adequate, or Se-supranutritional conditions to the Nrf2 activators sulforaphane, cardamonin, or diethyl maleate. Nrf2 protein levels and intracellular localization were determined by immunoblotting, and mRNA levels of Nrf2 target genes and selenoproteins were assessed by qRT-PCR. Exposure to electrophiles resulted in rapid induction of Nrf2 and its enrichment in the nucleus, independent of the cellular Se status. All three electrophilic compounds caused an enhanced expression of Nrf2 target genes, although with differences regarding extent and time course of their induction. Whereas Se status did not significantly affect mRNA levels of the Nrf2 target genes, gene expression of selenoproteins with a low position in the cellular "selenoprotein hierarchy", such as glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) or selenoprotein W (SELENOW), was elevated under Se-supplemented conditions, as compared to cells held in Se-deficient media. In conclusion, no major effect of Se status on Nrf2 signalling was observed in HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Tauber
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Nutrigenomics Section, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, D-07743 Jena, Germany; (S.T.); (M.K.S.); (K.E.); (L.-O.K.)
| | - Maria Katharina Sieckmann
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Nutrigenomics Section, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, D-07743 Jena, Germany; (S.T.); (M.K.S.); (K.E.); (L.-O.K.)
| | - Katrin Erler
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Nutrigenomics Section, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, D-07743 Jena, Germany; (S.T.); (M.K.S.); (K.E.); (L.-O.K.)
| | - Wilhelm Stahl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, D-40001 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Lars-Oliver Klotz
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Nutrigenomics Section, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, D-07743 Jena, Germany; (S.T.); (M.K.S.); (K.E.); (L.-O.K.)
| | - Holger Steinbrenner
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Nutrigenomics Section, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, D-07743 Jena, Germany; (S.T.); (M.K.S.); (K.E.); (L.-O.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-3641-949757
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15
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Oguro A, Sugitani A, Kobayashi Y, Sakuma R, Imaoka S. Bisphenol A stabilizes Nrf2 via Ca 2+ influx by direct activation of the IP 3 receptor. J Toxicol Sci 2021; 46:1-10. [PMID: 33408296 DOI: 10.2131/jts.46.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical used in polycarbonate and epoxy resins. Previously, we found that BPA stabilized the protein levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) by inducing Ca2+ efflux into the cytosol, followed by nitric oxide synthase activation, resulting in the enhanced nitrosylation of Keap1, which is a negative regulator of Nrf2. However, the mechanisms behind the stimulation of Ca2+ efflux by BPA remain unknown. In the present study, we found that BPA stimulated Ca2+ efflux into the cytosol from the ER, but not from outside of cells through the plasma membrane in Hep3B cells. Ca2+ efflux and Nrf2 stabilization by BPA were inhibited by an inhibitor of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor, 2-aminoethoxydiphenylborane, in the endoplasmic reticulum. IP3 is produced by activation of phospholipase C (PLC) from a membrane lipid, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). The induction of Nrf2 by BPA was not inhibited by a PLC inhibitor, U-73122, suggesting that BPA does not induce the production of IP3 via PLC activation. We found that BPA bound directly to the IP3 binding core domain of the IP3 receptor, and BPA competed with IP3 on this site. In addition, overexpression of this domain of the IP3 receptor in Hep3B cells inhibited the stabilization of Nrf2 by BPA. These results clarified that the IP3 receptor is a new target of BPA, and that BPA induces Ca2+ efflux from the endoplasmic reticulum via activation of the IP3 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami Oguro
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University.,Program of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University
| | - Atsushi Sugitani
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University
| | - Yukino Kobayashi
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University
| | - Rika Sakuma
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University
| | - Susumu Imaoka
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University
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16
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Modulation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in the Aged Lacrimal Gland. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 191:294-308. [PMID: 33159886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress accompany aging. This study investigated the interplay between oxidative stress and inflammation in the lacrimal gland. C57BL/6 mice were used at 2 to 3, 12, and 24 months of age. Nuclear factor erythroid derived-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-/- and corresponding wild-type mice were used at 2 to 3 and 12 to 13 months of age. A separate group of 15.5 to 17 months of age C57BL/6 mice received a diet containing an Nrf2 inducer (Oltipraz) for 8 weeks. Aged C57BL/6 lacrimal glands showed significantly greater lymphocytic infiltration, higher levels of MHC II, IFN-γ, IL-1β, TNF-α, and cathepsin S (Ctss) mRNA transcripts, and greater nitrotyrosine and 4-hydroxynonenal protein. Young Nrf2-/- mice showed an increase in IL-1β, IFN-γ, MHC II, and Ctss mRNA transcripts compared with young wild-type mice and greater age-related changes at 12 to 13 months of age. Oltipraz diet significantly decreased nitrotyrosine and 4-hydroxynonenal and decreased the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α mRNA transcripts, while decreasing the frequency of CD45+CD4+ cells in lacrimal glands and significantly increasing conjunctival goblet cell density compared with a standard diet. The findings provide novel insight into the development of chronic, low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress in age-related dry eye. New therapies targeting oxidative stress pathways will be valuable in treating age-related dry eye.
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17
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Torrente L, Maan G, Oumkaltoum Rezig A, Quinn J, Jackson A, Grilli A, Casares L, Zhang Y, Kulesskiy E, Saarela J, Bicciato S, Edwards J, Dinkova-Kostova AT, de la Vega L. High NRF2 Levels Correlate with Poor Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer Patients and with Sensitivity to the Kinase Inhibitor AT9283 In Vitro. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1365. [PMID: 32992842 PMCID: PMC7600603 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant hyperactivation of nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NF-E2) p45-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a common event in many tumour types and associates with resistance to therapy and poor patient prognosis; however, its relevance in colorectal tumours is not well-established. Measuring the expression of surrogate genes for NRF2 activity in silico, in combination with validation in patients' samples, we show that the NRF2 pathway is upregulated in colorectal tumours and that high levels of nuclear NRF2 correlate with a poor patient prognosis. These results highlight the need to overcome the protection provided by NRF2 and present an opportunity to selectively kill cancer cells with hyperactive NRF2. Exploiting the CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we generated colorectal cancer cell lines with hyperactive NRF2 and used them to perform a drug screen. We identified AT9283, an Aurora kinase inhibitor, for its selectivity towards killing cancer cells with hyperactive NRF2 as a consequence to either genetic or pharmacological activation. Our results show that hyperactivation of NRF2 in colorectal cancer cells might present a vulnerability that could potentially be therapeutically exploited by using the Aurora kinase inhibitor AT9283.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Torrente
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK; (L.T.); (G.M.); (A.J.); (L.C.); (Y.Z.); (A.T.D.-K.)
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Gunjit Maan
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK; (L.T.); (G.M.); (A.J.); (L.C.); (Y.Z.); (A.T.D.-K.)
| | - Asma Oumkaltoum Rezig
- Unit of Gastrointestinal Oncology and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK; (A.O.R.); (J.Q.); (J.E.)
| | - Jean Quinn
- Unit of Gastrointestinal Oncology and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK; (A.O.R.); (J.Q.); (J.E.)
| | - Angus Jackson
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK; (L.T.); (G.M.); (A.J.); (L.C.); (Y.Z.); (A.T.D.-K.)
| | - Andrea Grilli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; via G, Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.G.); (S.B.)
| | - Laura Casares
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK; (L.T.); (G.M.); (A.J.); (L.C.); (Y.Z.); (A.T.D.-K.)
| | - Ying Zhang
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK; (L.T.); (G.M.); (A.J.); (L.C.); (Y.Z.); (A.T.D.-K.)
| | - Evgeny Kulesskiy
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Tukholmankatu 8, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland; (E.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Jani Saarela
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Tukholmankatu 8, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland; (E.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Silvio Bicciato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; via G, Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.G.); (S.B.)
| | - Joanne Edwards
- Unit of Gastrointestinal Oncology and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK; (A.O.R.); (J.Q.); (J.E.)
| | - Albena T. Dinkova-Kostova
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK; (L.T.); (G.M.); (A.J.); (L.C.); (Y.Z.); (A.T.D.-K.)
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Laureano de la Vega
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK; (L.T.); (G.M.); (A.J.); (L.C.); (Y.Z.); (A.T.D.-K.)
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18
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Peserico D, Stranieri C, Garbin U, Mozzini C C, Danese E, Cominacini L, Fratta Pasini AM. Ezetimibe Prevents Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Oxidative Stress and Up-Regulates Nrf2/ARE and UPR Signaling Pathways. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E349. [PMID: 32340270 PMCID: PMC7222361 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While reperfusion is crucial for survival after an episode of ischemia, it also causes oxidative stress. Nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and unfolded protein response (UPR) are protective against oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Ezetimibe, a cholesterol absorption inhibitor, has been shown to activate the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/Nrf2 pathway. In this study we evaluated whether Ezetimibe affects oxidative stress and Nrf2 and UPR gene expression in cellular models of ischemia-reperfusion (IR). METHODS Cultured cells were subjected to simulated IR with or without Ezetimibe. RESULTS IR significantly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the percentage of apoptotic cells without the up-regulation of Nrf2, of the related antioxidant response element (ARE) gene expression or of the pro-survival UPR activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) gene, whereas it significantly increased the pro-apoptotic CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP). Ezetimibe significantly decreased the cellular ROS formation and apoptosis induced by IR. These effects were paralleled by the up-regulation of Nrf2/ARE and ATF6 gene expression and by a down-regulation of CHOP. We also found that Nrf2 activation was dependent on AMPK, since Compound C, a pan inhibitor of p-AMPK, blunted the activation of Nrf2. CONCLUSIONS Ezetimibe counteracts IR-induced oxidative stress and induces Nrf2 and UPR pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Peserico
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Medicine and Atherothrombotic and Degenerative Diseases, University of Verona, Policlinico G.B. Rossi, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (D.P.); (C.S.); (U.G.); (C.M.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Chiara Stranieri
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Medicine and Atherothrombotic and Degenerative Diseases, University of Verona, Policlinico G.B. Rossi, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (D.P.); (C.S.); (U.G.); (C.M.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Ulisse Garbin
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Medicine and Atherothrombotic and Degenerative Diseases, University of Verona, Policlinico G.B. Rossi, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (D.P.); (C.S.); (U.G.); (C.M.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Chiara Mozzini C
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Medicine and Atherothrombotic and Degenerative Diseases, University of Verona, Policlinico G.B. Rossi, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (D.P.); (C.S.); (U.G.); (C.M.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Elisa Danese
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Luciano Cominacini
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Medicine and Atherothrombotic and Degenerative Diseases, University of Verona, Policlinico G.B. Rossi, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (D.P.); (C.S.); (U.G.); (C.M.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Anna M. Fratta Pasini
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Medicine and Atherothrombotic and Degenerative Diseases, University of Verona, Policlinico G.B. Rossi, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (D.P.); (C.S.); (U.G.); (C.M.C.); (L.C.)
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Pereira EJ, Burns JS, Lee CY, Marohl T, Calderon D, Wang L, Atkins KA, Wang CC, Janes KA. Sporadic activation of an oxidative stress-dependent NRF2-p53 signaling network in breast epithelial spheroids and premalignancies. Sci Signal 2020; 13:eaba4200. [PMID: 32291314 PMCID: PMC7315801 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aba4200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Breast and mammary epithelial cells experience different local environments during tissue development and tumorigenesis. Microenvironmental heterogeneity gives rise to distinct cell regulatory states whose identity and importance are just beginning to be appreciated. Cellular states diversify when clonal three-dimensional (3D) spheroids are cultured in basement membrane, and one such state is associated with stress tolerance and poor response to anticancer therapeutics. Here, we found that this state was jointly coordinated by the NRF2 and p53 pathways, which were costabilized by spontaneous oxidative stress within 3D cultures. Inhibition of NRF2 or p53 individually disrupted some of the transcripts defining the regulatory state but did not yield a notable phenotype in nontransformed breast epithelial cells. In contrast, combined perturbation prevented 3D growth in an oxidative stress-dependent manner. By integrating systems models of NRF2 and p53 signaling in a single oxidative stress network, we recapitulated these observations and made predictions about oxidative stress profiles during 3D growth. NRF2 and p53 signaling were similarly coordinated in normal breast epithelial tissue and hormone-negative ductal carcinoma in situ lesions but were uncoupled in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a subtype in which p53 is usually mutated. Using the integrated model, we correlated the extent of this uncoupling in TNBC cell lines with the importance of NRF2 in the 3D growth of these cell lines and their predicted handling of oxidative stress. Our results point to an oxidative stress tolerance network that is important for single cells during glandular development and the early stages of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J Pereira
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Joseph S Burns
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Christina Y Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Taylor Marohl
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Delia Calderon
- Biology and Chemistry Programs, California State University Channel Islands, Camarillo, CA 93012, USA
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Kristen A Atkins
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Chun-Chao Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Kevin A Janes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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20
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An Y, Zhang H, Huang S, Pei G. PL201, a Reported Rhamnoside Against Alzheimer's Disease Pathology, Alleviates Neuroinflammation and Stimulates Nrf2 Signaling. Front Immunol 2020; 11:162. [PMID: 32174909 PMCID: PMC7056876 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation induced by overactivated glia cells is believed to be a major hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and a hopeful target against AD. A rhamnoside PL201 was previously reported to promote neurogenesis and ameliorate AD, and in this study, we revealed that PL201 also significantly reduced accumulation of the activated microglia and proinflammatory cytokines in APP/PS1 mice. In vitro, PL201 consistently suppressed the microglia induction of proinflammatory cytokines after stimulation with lipopolysaccharides and Aβ42. Further mechanistic studies demonstrated that PL201 considerably enhanced the expression level and the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, a key regulator of neuroinflammation. Moreover, PL201 effectively stimulated Nrf2 signaling cascade, including upregulation of HO-1 and downregulation of NF-κB pathway. Thus, our findings indicated the anti-neuroinflammatory effect by PL201 in vivo and suggested that PL201 or the like, with multiple functions such as neurogenesis, mitochondria maintenance, and anti-neuroinflammation, could be a promising candidate in AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian An
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shichao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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21
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Liu L, Vollmer MK, Kelly MG, Fernandez VM, Fernandez TG, Kim H, Doré S. Reactive Gliosis Contributes to Nrf2-Dependent Neuroprotection by Pretreatment with Dimethyl Fumarate or Korean Red Ginseng Against Hypoxic-Ischemia: Focus on Hippocampal Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:105-117. [PMID: 31494826 PMCID: PMC6980429 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01760-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Recently, dimethyl fumarate (DMF) and Korean red ginseng (ginseng), based on their purported antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, have exhibited protective potential in various neurological conditions. Their effects on cerebral ischemia and underlying mechanisms remain inconclusive; however, increasing evidence indicates the involvement of the transcriptional factor Nrf2. This study evaluated the preventive effects of DMF and ginseng on hippocampal neuronal damage following hypoxia-ischemia (HI) and assessed the contributions of reactive gliosis and the Nrf2 pathway. Adult wild type (WT) and Nrf2-/- mice were pretreated with DMF or ginseng for 7 days prior to HI. At 24 h after HI, DMF or ginseng significantly reduced infarct volume (52.5 ± 12.3% and 47.8 ± 10.7%), brain edema (61.5 ± 17.4% and 39.3 ± 12.8%), and hippocampal CA1 neuronal degeneration, and induced expressions of Nrf2 target proteins in WT, but not Nrf2-/-, mice. Such hippocampal neuroprotective benefits were also observed at 6 h and 7 days after HI. The dynamic attenuation of reactive gliosis in microglia and astrocytes correlated well with this sustained neuroprotection in an Nrf2-dependent manner. In both early and late stages of HI, astrocytic dysfunctions in extracellular glutamate clearance and water transport, as indicated by glutamine synthetase and aquaporin 4, were also attenuated after HI in WT, but not Nrf2-/-, mice treated with DMF or ginseng. Together, DMF and ginseng confer robust and prolonged Nrf2-dependent neuroprotection against ischemic hippocampal damage. The salutary Nrf2-dependent attenuation of reactive gliosis may contribute to this neuroprotection, offering new insight into the cellular basis of an Nrf2-targeting strategy for stroke prevention or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, Biomed Sci J493, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Mary K Vollmer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, Biomed Sci J493, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Marie G Kelly
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, Biomed Sci J493, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Victoria M Fernandez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, Biomed Sci J493, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Tyler G Fernandez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, Biomed Sci J493, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Hocheol Kim
- Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, South Korea
| | - Sylvain Doré
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, Biomed Sci J493, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
- Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry, Pharmaceutics, and Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
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The impact of acute and chronic exercise on Nrf2 expression in relation to markers of mitochondrial biogenesis in human skeletal muscle. Eur J Appl Physiol 2019; 120:149-160. [PMID: 31707475 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-019-04259-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the relationship between changes in nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression and markers of mitochondrial biogenesis in acutely and chronically exercised human skeletal muscle. METHODS The impact of acute submaximal endurance (END) and supramaximal interval (Tabata) cycling on the upregulation of Nrf2 (and its downstream targets), nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF-1) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) mRNA expression was examined in healthy young males (n = 10). The relationship between changes in citrate synthase (CS) maximal activity and the protein content of Nrf2, heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), NRF-1, and TFAM was also investigated following 4 weeks of Tabata in a separate group of males (n = 21). RESULTS Nrf2, NRF-1, and HO-1 mRNA expression increased after acute exercise (p < 0.05), whereas the increase in superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) mRNA expression approached significance (p = 0.08). Four weeks of Tabata increased CS activity and Nrf2, NRF-1, and TFAM protein content (p < 0.05), but decreased HO-1 protein content (p < 0.05). Training-induced changes in Nrf2 protein were strongly correlated with NRF-1 (r = 0.63, p < 0.01). When comparing protein content changes between individuals with the largest (HI: + 23%) and smallest (LO: - 1%) observed changes in CS activity (n = 8 each), increases in Nrf2 and TFAM protein content were apparent in the HI group only (p < 0.02) with medium-to-large effect sizes for between-group differences in changes in Nrf2 (ηp2=0.15) and TFAM (ηp2 = 0.12) protein content. CONCLUSION Altogether, our findings support a potential role for Nrf2 in exercise-induced mitochondrial biogenesis in human skeletal muscle.
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23
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N-acetylcysteine and alpha-lipoic acid improve antioxidant defenses and decrease oxidative stress, inflammation and serum lipid levels in ovariectomized rats via estrogen-independent mechanisms. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 67:190-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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24
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Beinse G, Just PA, Rance B, Izac B, Letourneur F, Saidu NEB, Chouzenoux S, Nicco C, Goldwasser F, Pasmant E, Batteux F, Borghese B, Alexandre J, Leroy K. The NRF2 transcriptional target NQO1 has low mRNA levels in TP53-mutated endometrial carcinomas. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214416. [PMID: 30908539 PMCID: PMC6433262 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background NRF2 is a major transcription factor regulating the expression of antioxidative/detoxifying enzymes, involved in oncogenic processes and drug resistance. We aimed to identify molecular alterations associated with NRF2 activation in endometrial carcinoma (EC). Methods Ninety patients treated (2012–2017) for localized/locally advanced EC were included in this study. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples were processed for immunohistochemical (NRF2 and Mismatch Repair proteins) analyses. Next generation sequencing (NGS) of a panel of genes including POLE, TP53, NFE2L2, KEAP1 and CUL3 was performed using Ampliseq panels on Ion Torrent PGM (ThermoFisher). NRF2 activity was assessed by NQO1, GCLC, and AKR1C3 mRNA expressions, using TaqMan assays and quantitative RT-PCR. Results Tumors were classified as POLE exonuclease domain mutated (N = 3, 3%), MMR-deficient (MSI-like) (N = 28, 31%), TP53 mutated (Copy-number high-like) (N = 22, 24%), and other tumors (Copy-number low-like) (N = 32, 36%). NRF2 nuclear immunostaining did not correlate with NRF2 target genes expression. The 3 tumors with highest NRF2 target genes expression harbored oncogenic KEAP1 or NFE2L2 mutations. Low NQO1 mRNA and protein levels were observed in the TP53 mutated subgroup compared to others tumors (p < .05) and in silico analyses of The Cancer Genome Atlas data further indicated that NQO1 mRNA levels were lower in serous compared to endometrioid copy-number high EC. Conclusion In contrast with previous reports based on immunohistochemistry, our study indicates that NRF2 activation is a rare event in EC, associated with NFE2L2 or KEAP1 mutations. The subset of aggressive EC with low NQO1 mRNA level might represent a specific subgroup, which could be sensitive to combination therapies targeting oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pierre-Alexandre Just
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, CARPEM, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Pathology, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique–Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Bastien Rance
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Medical Informatics, HEGP, Assistance Publique–Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Izac
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, CARPEM, Paris, France
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, GENOMIC platform, Paris, France
| | - Franck Letourneur
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, CARPEM, Paris, France
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, GENOMIC platform, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Carole Nicco
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, CARPEM, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - François Goldwasser
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique–Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Eric Pasmant
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, CARPEM, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique–Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Frederic Batteux
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, CARPEM, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Immunology, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique–Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Borghese
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Gynecologic Surgery, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique–Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Alexandre
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, CARPEM, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique–Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Karen Leroy
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, CARPEM, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique–Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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25
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Liu L, Locascio LM, Doré S. Critical Role of Nrf2 in Experimental Ischemic Stroke. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:153. [PMID: 30890934 PMCID: PMC6411824 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of death and long-term disability worldwide; however, effective clinical approaches are still limited. The transcriptional factor Nrf2 is a master regulator in cellular and organismal defense against endogenous and exogenous stressors by coordinating basal and stress-inducible activation of multiple cytoprotective genes. The Nrf2 network not only tightly controls redox homeostasis but also regulates multiple intermediary metabolic processes. Therefore, targeting Nrf2 has emerged as an attractive therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of CNS diseases including stroke. Here, the current understanding of the Nrf2 regulatory network is critically examined to present evidence for the contribution of Nrf2 pathway in rodent ischemic stroke models. This review outlines the literature for Nrf2 studies in preclinical stroke and focuses on the in vivo evidence for the role of Nrf2 in primary and secondary brain injuries. The dynamic change and functional importance of Nrf2 signaling, as well as Nrf2 targeted intervention, are revealed in permanent, transient, and global cerebral ischemia models. In addition, key considerations, pitfalls, and future potentials for Nrf2 studies in preclinical stroke investigation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Logan M Locascio
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Sylvain Doré
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry, Pharmaceutics, and Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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26
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Liu L, Vollmer MK, Ahmad AS, Fernandez VM, Kim H, Doré S. Pretreatment with Korean red ginseng or dimethyl fumarate attenuates reactive gliosis and confers sustained neuroprotection against cerebral hypoxic-ischemic damage by an Nrf2-dependent mechanism. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 131:98-114. [PMID: 30458277 PMCID: PMC6362849 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The transcriptional factor Nrf2, a master regulator of oxidative stress and inflammation that are tightly linked to the development and progression of cerebral ischemia pathology, plays a vital role in inducing the endogenous neuroprotective process. Here, hypoxic-ischemia (HI) was performed in adult Nrf2 knockout and wildtype mice that were orally pretreated either with standardized Korean red ginseng extract (Ginseng) or dimethyl fumarate (DMF), two candidate Nrf2 inducers, to determine whether the putative protection was through an Nrf2-dependent mechanism involving the attenuation of reactive gliosis. Results show that Nrf2 target cytoprotective genes were distinctly elevated following HI. Pretreatment with Ginseng or DMF elicited robust neuroprotection against the deterioration of acute cerebral ischemia damage in an Nrf2-dependent manner as revealed by the reductions of neurological deficits score, infarct volume and brain edema, as well as enhanced expression levels of Nrf2 target antioxidant proteins and anti-inflammation mediators. In both ischemic striatum and cortex, the dynamic pattern of attenuated reactive gliosis in astrocytes and microglia, including affected astrocytic dysfunction in glutamate metabolism and water homeostasis, correlated well with the Nrf2-dependent neuroprotection by Ginseng or DMF. Furthermore, such neuroprotective benefits extended to the late phase of ischemic brain damage after HI, as evidenced by improvements in neurobehavioral outcomes, infarct volume and brain edema. Overall, pretreatment with Ginseng or DMF identically attenuates reactive gliosis and confers long-lasting neuroprotective efficacy against ischemic brain damage through an Nrf2-dependent mechanism. This study also provides new insight into the profitable contribution of reactive gliosis in the Nrf2-dependent neuroprotection in acute brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mary K Vollmer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Abdullah S Ahmad
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Victoria M Fernandez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Hocheol Kim
- Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sylvain Doré
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry, Pharmaceutics, Psychology, and Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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27
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Östreicher C, Gensberger-Reigl S, Pischetsrieder M. Targeted mass spectrometry to monitor nuclear accumulation of endogenous Nrf2 and its application to SH-SY5Y cells stimulated with food components. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:1273-1286. [PMID: 30637439 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1560-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The Nrf2 signaling pathway is highly significant for redox homeostasis. Hence, nutrients and drugs activating Nrf2 can prevent oxidative stress-mediated medical conditions. After activation, Nrf2 accumulates in the cell nucleus; therefore, stimulation of Nrf2 by food components and drugs is usually monitored by measuring nuclear Nrf2 levels. The present study developed a targeted mass spectrometry method for the highly reliable quantification of nuclear Nrf2 levels. Three Nrf2-specific peptides were detected after enzymatic digestion of the nuclear fraction by the developed protocol for micro-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in scheduled multiple reaction monitoring mode (microLC-MS/MS-sMRM). The method also identified nuclear Nrf2 unequivocally and specifically in the SDS-PAGE fraction of 100-150 kDa. Moreover, highly precise and linear relative quantification was achieved (mean relative standard deviation 8.3%; coefficient of determination 0.998). Incubation experiments in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells revealed significantly up to 6-fold elevated nuclear Nrf2 levels after stimulation with 10 μM carnosol (rosemary), 10 μM sulforaphane (broccoli), or 20 μM cinnamaldehyde (cinnamon). Our results were in very good accordance with conventional Nrf2 western blotting and were highly correlated with the food components' effect on the expression levels of NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 and thioredoxin reductase 1, two major Nrf2-regulated cytoprotective enzymes. The newly developed microLC-MS/MS-sMRM method shows broad applicability and can serve as a highly selective and reliable method to analyze Nrf2 activation. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Östreicher
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Food Chemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sabrina Gensberger-Reigl
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Food Chemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Monika Pischetsrieder
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Food Chemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.
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Cisplatin Loaded Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Induce Resistance in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Pharmaceutics 2018; 10:pharmaceutics10040228. [PMID: 30428555 PMCID: PMC6321179 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10040228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper we developed a method for multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) use as carriers for a drug based on platinum in breast cancer therapy. The method of functionalization involves the carboxyl functionalization of nanotubes and encapsulation of cisplatin (CDDP) into MWCNTs. The biological properties of MWCNTs loaded with CDDP (MWCNT-COOH-CDDP) and of individual components MWCNT-COOH and free CDDP were evaluated on MDA-MB-231 cells. Various concentrations of CDDP (0.316–2.52 µg/mL) and MWCNTs (0.5–4 µg/mL) were applied on cells for 24 and 48 h. Only at high doses of CDDP (1.26 and 2.52 µg/mL) and MWCNT-COOH-CDDP (2 and 4 µg/mL) cell morphological changes were observed. The cellular viability decreased only with approx. 40% after 48 h of exposure to 2.52 µg/mL CDDP and 4 µg/mL MWCNT-COOH-CDDP despite the high reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by MWCNTs starting with 24 h. After 48 h, ROS level dropped as a result of the antioxidant defence activation. We also found a significant decrease of caspase-3 and p53 expression after 48 h, accompanied by a down-regulation of NF-κB in cells exposed to MWCNT-COOH-CDDP system which promotes apoptosis escape and thus failing to overcome the triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells resistance.
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Liu L, Vollmer MK, Fernandez VM, Dweik Y, Kim H, Doré S. Korean Red Ginseng Pretreatment Protects Against Long-Term Sensorimotor Deficits After Ischemic Stroke Likely Through Nrf2. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:74. [PMID: 29628876 PMCID: PMC5876314 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous neuroprotective mechanisms by which the brain protects itself against noxious stimuli and recovers from ischemic damage are key targets of stroke research, ultimately facilitating functional recovery. Transcriptional factor Nrf2, enriched in astrocytes, is a master regulator of endogenous defense systems against oxidative stress and inflammation. Korean Red Ginseng (Ginseng), one most widely used herbal medicine, has exhibited promising potentials in neuroprotection. Our study aimed to determine whether the standardized Ginseng extract pretreatment could attenuate acute sensorimotor deficits and improve long-term functional recovery after ischemic stroke though Nrf2 pathway and whether reactive astrogliosis is associated with such effect. Adult Nrf2−/− and matched wildtype control (WT) mice were pretreated with Ginseng orally for 7 days prior to permanent distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (pdMCAO). Using an optimized method that can accurately assess either severe or mild pdMCAO-induced sensorimotor deficits, neurobehavioral tests were performed over 28 days. The progression of lesion volume and the evolution of astrocytic and microglial activation were determined in the acute stage of ischemic stroke after pdMCAO (0–3 days). Nrf2-downstream target antioxidant genes expression levels was assessed by Western blot. We found that Ginseng pretreatment ameliorated acute sensorimotor deficits and promoted long-term functional recovery, prevented the acute enlargement of lesion volume (36.37 ± 7.45% on day 3), attenuated reactive astroglial progression but not microglia activation, and enhanced the induction of Nrf2-downstream target proteins after ischemic insult in WT mice, an effect which was lost in Nrf2 knockouts. The spatiotemporal pattern of reactive astrogliosis evaluation correlated well with acute ischemic damage progression in an Nrf2-dependent fashion during the acute phase of ischemia. In contrast, Nrf2 deficiency mice exhibited exacerbated ischemic condition compared to WT controls. Together, Ginseng pretreatment protects against acute sensorimotor deficits and promotes its long-term recovery after pdMCAO, at least partly, through Nrf2 activation, highlighting the potential efficacy of oral consumption of Ginseng for stroke preventative intervention in patients who are at great risk of recurrent stroke or transient ischemic attack. The attenuated reactive astrogliosis contributes to the Nrf2 pathway related neuroprotection against acute ischemic outcome and substantially long-term sensorimotor deficits in the context of ischemic stroke under pdMCAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Mary K Vollmer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Victoria M Fernandez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Yasmin Dweik
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Hocheol Kim
- Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sylvain Doré
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry, Pharmaceutics, Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Torrente L, Sanchez C, Moreno R, Chowdhry S, Cabello P, Isono K, Koseki H, Honda T, Hayes JD, Dinkova-Kostova AT, de la Vega L. Crosstalk between NRF2 and HIPK2 shapes cytoprotective responses. Oncogene 2017; 36:6204-6212. [PMID: 28692050 PMCID: PMC5641449 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Homeodomain interacting protein kinase-2 (HIPK2) is a member of the HIPK family of stress-responsive kinases that modulates cell growth, apoptosis, proliferation and development. HIPK2 has several well-characterised tumour suppressor roles, but recent studies suggest it can also contribute to tumour progression, although the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Herein, we have identified novel crosstalk between HIPK2 and the cytoprotective transcription factor NRF2. We show that HIPK2 is a direct transcriptional target of NRF2, identifying a functional NRF2 binding site in the HIPK2 gene locus and demonstrating for the first time a transcriptional mode of regulation for this kinase. In addition, HIPK2 is required for robust NRF2 responsiveness in cells and in vivo. By using both gain-of-function and loss-of-function approaches, we demonstrate that HIPK2 can elicit a cytoprotective response in cancer cells via NRF2. Our results have uncovered a new downstream effector of HIPK2, NRF2, which is frequently activated in human tumours correlating with chemoresistance and poor prognosis. Furthermore, our results suggest that modulation of either HIPK2 levels or activity could be exploited to impair NRF2-mediated signalling in cancer cells, and thus sensitise them to chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Torrente
- Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, James Arrott Drive, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - C Sanchez
- Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, James Arrott Drive, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - R Moreno
- Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, James Arrott Drive, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - S Chowdhry
- Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, James Arrott Drive, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - P Cabello
- Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, James Arrott Drive, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - K Isono
- Developmental Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - H Koseki
- Developmental Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - T Honda
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - J D Hayes
- Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, James Arrott Drive, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - A T Dinkova-Kostova
- Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, James Arrott Drive, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - L de la Vega
- Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, James Arrott Drive, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
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Patricia Moreno-Londoño A, Bello-Alvarez C, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Isoliquiritigenin pretreatment attenuates cisplatin induced proximal tubular cells (LLC-PK1) death and enhances the toxicity induced by this drug in bladder cancer T24 cell line. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 109:143-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Done AJ, Traustadóttir T. Nrf2 mediates redox adaptations to exercise. Redox Biol 2016; 10:191-199. [PMID: 27770706 PMCID: PMC5078682 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary aim of this review is to summarize the current literature on the effects of acute exercise and regular exercise on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activity and downstream targets of Nrf2 signaling. Nrf2 (encoded in humans by the NFE2L2 gene) is the master regulator of antioxidant defenses, a transcription factor that regulates expression of more than 200 cytoprotective genes. Increasing evidence indicates that Nrf2 signaling plays a key role in how oxidative stress mediates the beneficial effects of exercise. Episodic increases in oxidative stress induced through bouts of acute exercise stimulate Nrf2 activation and when applied repeatedly, as with regular exercise, leads to upregulation of endogenous antioxidant defenses and overall greater ability to counteract the damaging effects of oxidative stress. The evidence of Nrf2 activation in response to exercise across variety of tissues may be an important mechanism of how exercise exerts its well-known systemic effects that are not limited to skeletal muscle and myocardium. Additionally there are emerging data that results from animal studies translate to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J Done
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Tinna Traustadóttir
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA.
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Ellinger I, Chatuphonprasert W, Reiter M, Voss A, Kemper J, Straka E, Scheinast M, Zeisler H, Salzer H, Gundacker C. Don't trust an(t)ybody - Pitfalls during investigation of candidate proteins for methylmercury transport at the placental interface. Placenta 2016; 43:13-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Done AJ, Gage MJ, Nieto NC, Traustadóttir T. Exercise-induced Nrf2-signaling is impaired in aging. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 96:130-8. [PMID: 27109910 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The transcription factor nuclear erythroid-2 like factor-2 (Nrf2) is the master regulator of antioxidant defense. Data from animal studies suggest exercise elicits significant increases in Nrf2 signaling, and that signaling is impaired with aging resulting in decreased induction of phase II detoxifying enzymes and greater susceptibility to oxidative damage. We have previously shown that older adults have lower resistance to an oxidative challenge as compared to young, and that this response is modified with physical fitness and phytonutrient intervention. We hypothesized that a single bout of submaximal exercise would elicit increased nuclear accumulation of Nrf2, and that this response to exercise would be attenuated with aging. METHODS Nrf2 signaling in response to 30-min cycling at 70% VO2max was compared in young (23±1y, n=10) and older (63±1, n=10) men. Blood was collected at six time points; pre-exercise, and 10min, 30min, 1h, 4h, and 24h post-exercise. Nrf2 signaling was determined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by measuring protein expression by western blot of Nrf2 in whole cell and nuclear fractions, and whole cell SOD1, and HMOX, as well as gene expression (RT-PCR) of downstream Nrf2-ARE antioxidants SOD1, HMOX, and NQO1. RESULTS Baseline differences in protein expression did not differ between groups. The exercise trial elicited significant increase in whole cell Nrf2 (P=0.003) for both young and older groups. Nuclear Nrf2 levels were increased significantly in the young but not older group (P=0.031). Exercise elicited significant increases in gene expression of HMOX1 and NQO1 in the young (P=0.006, and P=0.055, respectively) whereas gene expression in the older adults was repressed. There were no significant differences in SOD1 or HMOX1 protein expression. CONCLUSION These findings indicate a single session of submaximal aerobic exercise is sufficient to activate Nrf2 at the whole cell level in both young and older adults, but that nuclear import is impaired with aging. Additionally we have shown repressed gene expression of downstream antioxidant targets of Nrf2 in older adults. Together these translational data demonstrate for the first time the attenuation of Nrf2 activity in response to exercise in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J Done
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
| | - Matthew J Gage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, United States
| | - Nathan C Nieto
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
| | - Tinna Traustadóttir
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States.
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