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Li Y, Fan W, Link F, Wang S, Dooley S. Transforming growth factor β latency: A mechanism of cytokine storage and signalling regulation in liver homeostasis and disease. JHEP REPORTS : INNOVATION IN HEPATOLOGY 2022; 4:100397. [PMID: 35059619 PMCID: PMC8760520 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2021.100397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a potent effector in the liver, which is involved in a plethora of processes initiated upon liver injury. TGF-β affects parenchymal, non-parenchymal, and inflammatory cells in a highly context-dependent manner. Its bioavailability is critical for a fast response to various insults. In the liver – and probably in other organs – this is made possible by the deposition of a large portion of TGF-β in the extracellular matrix as an inactivated precursor form termed latent TGF-β (L-TGF-β). Several matrisomal proteins participate in matrix deposition, latent complex stabilisation, and activation of L-TGF-β. Extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1) was recently identified as a critical factor in maintaining the latency of deposited L-TGF-β in the healthy liver. Indeed, its depletion causes spontaneous TGF-β signalling activation with deleterious effects on liver architecture and function. This review article presents the current knowledge on intracellular L-TGF-β complex formation, secretion, matrix deposition, and activation and describes the proteins and processes involved. Further, we emphasise the therapeutic potential of toning down L-TGF-β activation in liver fibrosis and liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Li
- Department of Medicine II, Section Molecular Hepatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Weiguo Fan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford CA, USA
| | - Frederik Link
- Department of Medicine II, Section Molecular Hepatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sai Wang
- Department of Medicine II, Section Molecular Hepatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; Tel.: 06213835595.
| | - Steven Dooley
- Department of Medicine II, Section Molecular Hepatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Corresponding authors. Addresses: Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; Tel.: 06213833768;
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Fan W, Liu T, Chen W, Hammad S, Longerich T, Hausser I, Fu Y, Li N, He Y, Liu C, Zhang Y, Lian Q, Zhao X, Yan C, Li L, Yi C, Ling Z, Ma L, Zhao X, Xu H, Wang P, Cong M, You H, Liu Z, Wang Y, Chen J, Li D, Hui L, Dooley S, Hou J, Jia J, Sun B. ECM1 Prevents Activation of Transforming Growth Factor β, Hepatic Stellate Cells, and Fibrogenesis in Mice. Gastroenterology 2019; 157:1352-1367.e13. [PMID: 31362006 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Activation of TGFB (transforming growth factor β) promotes liver fibrosis by activating hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), but the mechanisms of TGFB activation are not clear. We investigated the role of ECM1 (extracellular matrix protein 1), which interacts with extracellular and structural proteins, in TGFB activation in mouse livers. METHODS We performed studies with C57BL/6J mice (controls), ECM1-knockout (ECM1-KO) mice, and mice with hepatocyte-specific knockout of EMC1 (ECM1Δhep). ECM1 or soluble TGFBR2 (TGFB receptor 2) were expressed in livers of mice after injection of an adeno-associated virus vector. Liver fibrosis was induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) administration. Livers were collected from mice and analyzed by histology, immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and immunofluorescence analyses. Hepatocytes and HSCs were isolated from livers of mice and incubated with ECM1; production of cytokines and activation of reporter genes were quantified. Liver tissues from patients with viral or alcohol-induced hepatitis (with different stages of fibrosis) and individuals with healthy livers were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. RESULTS ECM1-KO mice spontaneously developed liver fibrosis and died by 2 months of age without significant hepatocyte damage or inflammation. In liver tissues of mice, we found that ECM1 stabilized extracellular matrix-deposited TGFB in its inactive form by interacting with αv integrins to prevent activation of HSCs. In liver tissues from patients and in mice with CCl4-induced liver fibrosis, we found an inverse correlation between level of ECM1 and severity of fibrosis. CCl4-induced liver fibrosis was accelerated in ECM1Δhep mice compared with control mice. Hepatocytes produced the highest levels of ECM1 in livers of mice. Ectopic expression of ECM1 or soluble TGFBR2 in liver prevented fibrogenesis in ECM1-KO mice and prolonged their survival. Ectopic expression of ECM1 in liver also reduced the severity of CCl4-induced fibrosis in mice. CONCLUSIONS ECM1, produced by hepatocytes, inhibits activation of TGFB and its activation of HSCs to prevent fibrogenesis in mouse liver. Strategies to increase levels of ECM1 in liver might be developed for treatment of fibrosis.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/metabolism
- Animals
- Carbon Tetrachloride
- Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/genetics
- Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/metabolism
- Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/pathology
- Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/prevention & control
- Extracellular Matrix Proteins/deficiency
- Extracellular Matrix Proteins/genetics
- Extracellular Matrix Proteins/metabolism
- Hepatic Stellate Cells/metabolism
- Hepatic Stellate Cells/pathology
- Hepatitis, Alcoholic/metabolism
- Hepatitis, Alcoholic/pathology
- Hepatitis, Viral, Human/metabolism
- Hepatitis, Viral, Human/pathology
- Humans
- Liver/metabolism
- Liver/pathology
- Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic/metabolism
- Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic/pathology
- Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/genetics
- Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/metabolism
- Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/pathology
- Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/prevention & control
- Male
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Signal Transduction
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
- ATP-Binding Cassette Sub-Family B Member 4
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianhui Liu
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Liver Cirrhosis and National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Seddik Hammad
- Sektion Molecular Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; Department of Forensic Medicine and Veterinary Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Thomas Longerich
- Sektion Translational Gastrointestinal Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ingrid Hausser
- Sektion Translational Gastrointestinal Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yadong Fu
- Institute of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yajing He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Hepatology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaguang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiaoshi Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinhao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenghua Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyan Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyang Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Liyan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyan Zhao
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Liver Cirrhosis and National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Hufeng Xu
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Liver Cirrhosis and National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Liver Cirrhosis and National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Min Cong
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Liver Cirrhosis and National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Hong You
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Liver Cirrhosis and National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Hepatology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Hepatology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dangsheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijian Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Steven Dooley
- Sektion Molecular Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany.
| | - Jinlin Hou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Hepatology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jidong Jia
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Liver Cirrhosis and National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China.
| | - Bing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China.
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Jia J, Coyle RC, Richards DJ, Berry CL, Barrs RW, Biggs J, James Chou C, Trusk TC, Mei Y. Development of peptide-functionalized synthetic hydrogel microarrays for stem cell and tissue engineering applications. Acta Biomater 2016; 45:110-120. [PMID: 27612960 PMCID: PMC5146757 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic polymer microarray technology holds remarkable promise to rapidly identify suitable biomaterials for stem cell and tissue engineering applications. However, most of previous microarrayed synthetic polymers do not possess biological ligands (e.g., peptides) to directly engage cell surface receptors. Here, we report the development of peptide-functionalized hydrogel microarrays based on light-assisted copolymerization of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylates (PEGDA) and methacrylated-peptides. Using solid-phase peptide/organic synthesis, we developed an efficient route to synthesize methacrylated-peptides. In parallel, we identified PEG hydrogels that effectively inhibit non-specific cell adhesion by using PEGDA-700 (M. W.=700) as a monomer. The combined use of these chemistries enables the development of a powerful platform to prepare peptide-functionalized PEG hydrogel microarrays. Additionally, we identified a linker composed of 4 glycines to ensure sufficient exposure of the peptide moieties from hydrogel surfaces. Further, we used this system to directly compare cell adhesion abilities of several related RGD peptides: RGD, RGDS, RGDSG and RGDSP. Finally, we combined the peptide-functionalized hydrogel technology with bioinformatics to construct a library composed of 12 different RGD peptides, including 6 unexplored RGD peptides, to develop culture substrates for hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs), a cell type known for poor adhesion to synthetic substrates. 2 out of 6 unexplored RGD peptides showed substantial activities to support hiPSC-CMs. Among them, PMQKMRGDVFSP from laminin β4 subunit was found to support the highest adhesion and sarcomere formation of hiPSC-CMs. With bioinformatics, the peptide-functionalized hydrogel microarrays accelerate the discovery of novel biological ligands to develop biomaterials for stem cell and tissue engineering applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE In this manuscript, we described the development of a robust approach to prepare peptide-functionalized synthetic hydrogel microarrays. Combined with bioinformatics, this technology enables us to rapidly identify novel biological ligands for the development of the next generation of functional biomaterials for stem cell and tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Jia
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Robert C Coyle
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Dylan J Richards
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | | | - Ryan Walker Barrs
- College of Engineering and Computing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Joshua Biggs
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - C James Chou
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Thomas C Trusk
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Ying Mei
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
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Su P, Chen S, Zheng YH, Zhou HY, Yan CH, Yu F, Zhang YG, He L, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Wu L, Wu X, Yu B, Ma LY, Yang Z, Wang J, Zhao G, Zhu J, Wu ZY, Sun B. Novel Function of Extracellular Matrix Protein 1 in Suppressing Th17 Cell Development in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:1054-64. [PMID: 27316685 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the CNS characterized by demyelination and axonal damage. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a well-established animal model for human MS. Although Th17 cells are important for disease induction, Th2 cells are inhibitory in this process. In this article, we report the effect of a Th2 cell product, extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1), on the differentiation of Th17 cells and the development of EAE. Our results demonstrated that ECM1 administration from day 1 to day 7 following the EAE induction could ameliorate the Th17 cell responses and EAE development in vivo. Further study of the mechanism revealed that ECM1 could interact with αv integrin on dendritic cells and block the αv integrin-mediated activation of latent TGF-β, resulting in an inhibition of Th17 cell differentiation at an early stage of EAE induction. Furthermore, overexpression of ECM1 in vivo significantly inhibited the Th17 cell response and EAE induction in ECM1 transgenic mice. Overall, our work has identified a novel function of ECM1 in inhibiting Th17 cell differentiation in the EAE model, suggesting that ECM1 may have the potential to be used in clinical applications for understanding the pathogenesis of MS and its diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Yu Han Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hai Yan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Cheng Hua Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Fang Yu
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Ya Guang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Lan He
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yanming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaoai Wu
- Novo Nordisk Research Center, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Bingke Yu
- Novo Nordisk Research Center, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Li Yan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhiru Yang
- Novo Nordisk Research Center, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; and
| | - Guixian Zhao
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jinfang Zhu
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892;
| | - Zhi-Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Bing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; and
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Palladini G, Ferrigno A, Richelmi P, Perlini S, Vairetti M. Role of matrix metalloproteinases in cholestasis and hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury: A review. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:12114-12124. [PMID: 26576096 PMCID: PMC4641129 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i42.12114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of proteases using zinc-dependent catalysis to break down extracellular matrix (ECM) components, allowing cell movement and tissue reorganization. Like many other proteases, MMPs are produced as zymogens, an inactive form, which are activated after their release from cells. Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is associated with MMP activation and release, with profound effects on tissue integrity: their inappropriate, prolonged or excessive expression has harmful consequences for the liver. Kupffer cells and hepatic stellate cells can secrete MMPs though sinusoidal endothelial cells are a further source of MMPs. After liver transplantation, biliary complications are mainly attributable to cholangiocytes, which, compared with hepatocytes, are particularly susceptible to injury and ultimately a major cause of increased graft dysfunction and patient morbidity. This paper focuses on liver I/R injury and cholestasis and reviews factors and mechanisms involved in MMP activation together with synthetic compounds used in their regulation. In this respect, recent data have demonstrated that the role of MMPs during I/R may go beyond the mere destruction of the ECM and may be much more complex than previously thought. We thus discuss the role of MMPs as an important factor in cholestasis associated with I/R injury.
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Yang WL, Sharma A, Zhang F, Matsuo S, Wang Z, Wang H, Wang P. Milk fat globule epidermal growth factor-factor 8-derived peptide attenuates organ injury and improves survival in sepsis. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2015; 19:375. [PMID: 26507263 PMCID: PMC4624601 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-015-1094-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Sepsis involves overwhelming inflammatory responses with subsequent immune-suppression that can lead to multiple organ dysfunction and ultimately death. Milk fat globule epidermal growth factor-factor 8 (MFG-E8) is a secretory protein found to have multiple biological activities against autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. MFG-E8 contains an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) motif involved in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. In sepsis, excessive neutrophils migration through endothelial cells and matrix to sites of inflammation results in organ damage. We hypothesized that MFG-E8-derived short peptides (MSP) flanking its RGD motif could provide protection against organ injury in sepsis. Methods The differentiated human neutrophil-like HL-60 cells (dHL60) were incubated with a series of peptides flanking the RGD motif of human MFG-E8 for a cell adhesion assay to fibronectin or human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs). For the induction of sepsis, male C57BL/6 mice (20–25 g) were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Peptide MSP68 (1 mg/kg body weight) or normal saline (vehicle) was injected intravenously at 2 h after CLP. Blood and tissue samples were collected at 20 h after CLP for various measurements. Results After screening, peptide MSP68 (VRGDV) had the highest inhibition of dHL-60 cell adhesion to fibronectin by 55.8 % and to PAEC by 67.7 %. MSP68 treatment significantly decreased plasma levels of organ injury marker AST by 37.1 % and the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α by 61.9 % and 22.1 %, respectively after CLP. MSP68 improved the integrity of microscopic architectures, decreased IL-6 levels in the lungs by 85.1 %, and reduced apoptosis. MSP68 treatment also significantly reduced the total number of neutrophil infiltration by 61.9 % and 48.3 % as well as MPO activity by 40.8 % and 47.3 % in the lungs and liver, respectively, after CLP. Moreover, the number of bacteria translocated to mesenteric lymph nodes was decreased by 57 % with MSP68 treatment. Finally, the 10-day survival rate was increased from 26 % in the vehicle group to 58 % in the MSP68-treated group. Conclusions MSP68 effectively inhibits excessive neutrophils infiltrating to organs, leading to moderate attenuation of organ injury and significantly improved survival in septic mice. Thus, MSP68 may be a potential therapeutic agent for treating sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weng-Lang Yang
- Department of Surgery, Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA. .,Center for Translational Research, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Dr., Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
| | - Archna Sharma
- Center for Translational Research, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Dr., Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
| | - Fangming Zhang
- Center for Translational Research, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Dr., Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
| | - Shingo Matsuo
- Department of Surgery, Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA. .,Present address: Department of Surgery II, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Zhimin Wang
- Center for Translational Research, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Dr., Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
| | - Haichao Wang
- Laboratory for Emergency Medicine, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Surgery, Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA. .,Center for Translational Research, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Dr., Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
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Wang B, Wan JY, Zhang L, Min S. Synthetic RGDS peptide attenuates mechanical ventilation–induced lung injury in rats. Exp Lung Res 2012; 38:204-10. [DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2012.664835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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8
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Kahan BD. Forty years of publication of Transplantation Proceedings--the fourth decade: Globalization of the enterprise. Transplant Proc 2011; 43:3-29. [PMID: 21335147 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Barry D Kahan
- Division of Immunology and Organ Transplantation, The University of Texas-Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
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Ye Q, Wang Z, Li Y, Wang S, Zhou H, Zhu H, Lei P, Liu L, Shen G. The effect of anti-TfR mouse/human chimeric antibody on anti-transplant rejection. Transpl Int 2010; 24:167-74. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2010.01155.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Sampaio ALF, Zahn G, Leoni G, Vossmeyer D, Christner C, Marshall JF, Perretti M. Inflammation-dependent α5β1 (very late antigen-5) expression on leukocytes reveals a functional role for this integrin in acute peritonitis. J Leukoc Biol 2010; 87:877-84. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1009670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Moon C, Han JR, Park HJ, Hah JS, Kang JL. Synthetic RGDS peptide attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced pulmonary inflammation by inhibiting integrin signaled MAP kinase pathways. Respir Res 2009; 10:18. [PMID: 19272161 PMCID: PMC2666640 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-10-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2008] [Accepted: 03/09/2009] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synthetic peptides containing the RGD sequence inhibit integrin-related functions in different cell systems. Here, we investigated the effects of synthetic Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (RGDS) peptide on key inflammatory responses to intratracheal (i.t.) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment and on the integrin signaled mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway during the development of acute lung injury. METHODS Saline or LPS (1.5 mg/kg) was administered i.t. with or without a single dose of RGDS (1, 2.5, or 5 mg/kg, i.p.), anti-alphav or anti-beta3 mAb (5 mg/kg, i.p.). Mice were sacrificed 4 or 24 h post-LPS. RESULTS A pretreatment with RGDS inhibited LPS-induced increases in neutrophil and macrophage numbers, total protein levels and TNF-alpha and MIP-2 levels, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid at 4 or 24 h post-LPS treatment. RGDS inhibited LPS-induced phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase and MAP kinases, including ERK, JNK, and p38 MAP kinase, in lung tissue. Importantly, the inhibition of the inflammatory responses and the kinase pathways were still evident when this peptide was administered 2 h after LPS treatment. Similarly, a blocking antibody against integrin alphav significantly inhibited LPS-induced inflammatory cell migration into the lung, protein accumulation and proinflammatory mediator production in BAL fluid, at 4 or 24 h post-LPS. Anti-beta3 also inhibited all LPS-induced inflammatory responses, except the accumulation of BAL protein at 24 h post-LPS. CONCLUSION These results suggest that RGDS with high specificity for alphavintegrins attenuates inflammatory cascade during LPS-induced development of acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsuk Moon
- Department of Physiology, Division of Cell Biology, Ewha Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Ran Han
- Department of Physiology, Division of Cell Biology, Ewha Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jung Park
- Department of Physiology, Division of Cell Biology, Ewha Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Sik Hah
- Department of Physiology, Division of Cell Biology, Ewha Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jihee Lee Kang
- Department of Physiology, Division of Cell Biology, Ewha Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To provide an update on recent developments in liver preservation through a comprehensive review of the literature. RECENT FINDINGS Comparisons of the available preservation solutions for liver transplantation based on recent trials suggest clinical equivalence. The debate continues regarding risk of biliary-tract complications. Development of new preservation solutions and agents that target specific mechanisms of steatotic and donors after cardiac death pathophysiology is showing promise in a variety of preclinical and clinical studies. Early clinical results of ischemic preconditioning are conflicting and so there is the need for additional clinical studies. The most important developments have been in the machine perfusion of the liver. New portable perfusion systems have shown promise in preclinical studies and may allow rapid evolution of clinical liver machine perfusion. The first human clinical trial is well underway with results showing safety and improved efficacy of preservation of transplanted human liver allografts. SUMMARY Liver preservation is in a period of rapid advance. In the future, a multifaceted liver-preservation strategy that integrates pharmacologic agents and hypothermic machine perfusion is likely to minimize organ injury and maximize patient outcomes. An ongoing challenge is to increase the number of innovations entering prospective and randomized clinical trials.
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Abstract
Steatotic livers are particularly vulnerable to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, resulting in poor outcomes following liver surgery and transplantation. Therapeutic approaches for I/R injury in steatotic livers are currently under intensive investigation. This review summarizes and discusses the approaches developed during the last few years to prevent hepatic I/R injury in steatotic livers. Among the proposed approaches, ischemic preconditioning and intermittent clamping are the two most promising approaches that have been applied in some clinical centers for liver surgery and transplantation, but most of others have not reached clinical application yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Han S, Ritzenthaler JD, Sitaraman SV, Roman J. Fibronectin increases matrix metalloproteinase 9 expression through activation of c-Fos via extracellular-regulated kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathways in human lung carcinoma cells. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:29614-24. [PMID: 16882662 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m604013200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhanced expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is associated with human lung tumor invasion and/or metastasis. We have demonstrated that fibronectin (FN), a matrix glycoprotein, stimulates human non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cell proliferation. The current study examines the effect of FN on MMP-9 expression in NSCLC cells. We show that FN increases MMP-9 protein, mRNA expression, and gelatinolytic activity in NSCLC cells. The integrin alpha5beta1 mediated the effects of FN because alpha5 small interfering RNA blocked FN-stimulated MMP-9 protein expression, and also abrogated FN-induced phosphorylation of ERK and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signals. The inhibitor of ERK, PD98095, and of PI3K, wortmannin, but not that of protein kinase A, H89, of Rho kinase, Y-27632, of mTOR, rapamycin, or of JNK, SP600125, prevented FN-induced MMP-9 gelatinolytic activity and gene expression. FN enhanced MMP-9 gene promoter activity; however, there was no response to FN in DNA constructs with an AP-1 site mutation. FN increased AP-1 DNA binding activity, and this was abrogated by cyclic AMP response element decoy oligonucleotides, which also diminished FN-induced MMP-9 promoter activity. FN increased the expression of the AP-1 subunit c-Fos protein, but not in the presence of PD98095 and wortmannin. The AP-1 inhibitor, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, and a c-Fos small interfering RNA eliminated the effect of FN on MMP-9 expression. This study indicates that FN, by binding to the integrin alpha5beta1 receptor, stimulates the expression of MMP-9 through increased AP-1/DNA binding and c-Fos protein expression via ERK and PI3K signaling pathways. The data unveils a novel mechanism by which FN could promote NSCLC cell invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouwei Han
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
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Ye Y, Bloch S, Xu B, Achilefu S. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of near infrared fluorescent multimeric RGD peptides for targeting tumors. J Med Chem 2006; 49:2268-75. [PMID: 16570923 PMCID: PMC2525663 DOI: 10.1021/jm050947h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Molecular interactions between RGD peptides and integrins are known to mediate many biological and pathological processes. This has led to an increased interest in the development of RGD compounds with high affinity and improved selectivity for integrin receptors. In this study, we synthesized and evaluated a series of multimeric RGD compounds constructed on a dicarboxylic acid-containing near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dye (cypate) for tumor targeting. An array of NIR fluorescent RGD compounds was prepared efficiently, including one RGD monomer (cypate-(RGD)(2)-NH(2)), two RGD dimers (cypate-(RGD)(2)-NH(2) and cypate-(RGD-NH(2))(2)), one trimer (cypate-(RGD)(3)-NH(2)), two tetramers (cypate-(RGD)(4)-NH(2) and cypate-[(RGD)(2)-NH(2)](2)), one hexamer (cypate-[(RGD)(3)-NH(2)](2)), and one octamer (cypate-[(RGD)(4)-NH(2)](2)). The binding affinity of the multimeric RGD compounds for alpha(v)beta(3) integrin receptor (ABIR) showed a remarkable increase relative to the monomer cypate-RGD-NH(2). Generally, the divalent linear arrays of the multimeric RGD units bound the ABIR with slightly higher affinity than their monovalent analogues. These results suggest that the receptor binding affinity was not only dependent on the number of RGD moieties but also on the spatial alignments of the pendant peptides. Internalization of the compounds by ABIR-positive tumor cells (A549) was monitored by NIR fluorescence microscopy. The data showed that endocytosis of the octameric RGD derivative was significantly higher by comparison to other compounds in this study. In vivo noninvasive optical imaging and biodistribution data showed that the compounds were retained in A549 tumor tissue. These results clearly demonstrated that an array of simple RGD tripeptides on a NIR fluorescent dye core can be recognized by ABIR. Optimization of the spatial alignment of the RGD moieties through careful molecular design and library construction could induce multivalent ligand-receptor interactions useful for in vivo tumor imaging and tumor-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Samuel Achilefu
- Corresponding author. Phone: 314-362-8599. Fax: 314-747-5191. E-mail:
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