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Lv JL, Zheng KY, Wang XY, Li MW. Advances in the extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway in silkworms, Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera). Arch Insect Biochem Physiol 2023; 114:e22054. [PMID: 37700521 DOI: 10.1002/arch.22054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Signaling pathways regulate the transmission of signals during organism growth and development, promoting the smooth and accurate completion of numerous physiological and biochemical reactions. The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway is an essential pathway involved in regulating various physiological processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, migration, and more. This pathway also contributes to several important physiological processes in silkworms, including protein synthesis, reproduction, and immune defense against pathogens. Organizing related studies on the ERK signaling pathway in silkworms can provide a better understanding of its mechanism in Lepidopterans and develop a theoretical foundation for improving cocoon production and new strategies for pest biological control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Li Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Kai-Yi Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xue-Yang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Mu-Wang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhenjiang, China
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2
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Huang S, Chen Y, Jia Y, Yang T, Su W, Zhu Z, Xue P, Feng F, Zhao Y, Chen G. Delayed inhibition of ERK and p38 attenuates neuropathic pain without affecting motor function recovery after peripheral nerve injury. Neuropharmacology 2022; 202:108835. [PMID: 34648772 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) often result in persistent neuropathic pain, seriously affecting quality of life. Existing therapeutic interventions for PNI-induced neuropathic pain are far from satisfactory. Extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) and p38 have been found to participate in triggering and maintaining PNI-induced neuropathic pain. However, ERK and p38 also contribute to axonal regeneration and motor function recovery after PNI, making it difficult to inhibit ERK and p38 for therapeutic purposes. In this study, we simultaneously characterized neuropathic pain and motor function recovery in a mouse sciatic nerve crush injury model to identify the time window for therapeutic interventions. We further demonstrated that delayed delivery of a combination of ERK and p38 inhibitors at three weeks after PNI could significantly alleviate PNI-induced neuropathic pain without affecting motor function recovery. Additionally, the combined use of these two inhibitors could suppress pain markedly better than either inhibitor alone, possibly reducing the required dose of each inhibitor and alleviating the side effects and risks of the inhibitors when used individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- SaiSai Huang
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - YingTing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and the Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Yue Jia
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Tuo Yang
- Department of Hand Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130033, China
| | - WenFeng Su
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and the Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - ZhenYu Zhu
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Peng Xue
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - FeiFan Feng
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - YaYu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and the Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China; Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and the Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China.
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3
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Ikushima YM, Awazawa M, Kobayashi N, Osonoi S, Takemiya S, Kobayashi H, Suwanai H, Morimoto Y, Soeda K, Adachi J, Muratani M, Charron J, Mizukami H, Takahashi N, Ueki K. MEK/ERK Signaling in β-Cells Bifunctionally Regulates β-Cell Mass and Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion Response to Maintain Glucose Homeostasis. Diabetes 2021; 70:1519-1535. [PMID: 33906910 DOI: 10.2337/db20-1295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In diabetic pathology, insufficiency in β-cell mass, unable to meet peripheral insulin demand, and functional defects of individual β-cells in production of insulin are often concurrently observed, collectively causing hyperglycemia. Here we show that the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 is significantly decreased in the islets of db/db mice as well as in those of a cohort of subjects with type 2 diabetes. In mice with abrogation of ERK signaling in pancreatic β-cells through deletion of Mek1 and Mek2, glucose intolerance aggravates under high-fat diet-feeding conditions due to insufficient insulin production with lower β-cell proliferation and reduced β-cell mass, while in individual β-cells dampening of the number of insulin exocytosis events is observed, with the molecules involved in insulin exocytosis being less phosphorylated. These data reveal bifunctional roles for MEK/ERK signaling in β-cells for glucose homeostasis, i.e., in regulating β-cell mass as well as in controlling insulin exocytosis in individual β-cells, thus providing not only a novel perspective for the understanding of diabetes pathophysiology but also a potential clue for new drug development for diabetes treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Matsumoto Ikushima
- Department of Molecular Diabetic Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoharu Awazawa
- Department of Molecular Diabetic Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Kobayashi
- Department of Molecular Diabetic Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Osonoi
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Seiichi Takemiya
- Department of Molecular Diabetic Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kobayashi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Suwanai
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Morimoto
- Laboratory of Structural Physiology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kotaro Soeda
- Department of Molecular Diabetic Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Adachi
- Laboratory of Proteome Research, Laboratory of Proteomics for Drug Discovery, Center for Drug Design Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Muratani
- Department of Genome Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Jean Charron
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hiroki Mizukami
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Noriko Takahashi
- Department of Physiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kohjiro Ueki
- Department of Molecular Diabetic Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Molecular Diabetology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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4
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Wang T, Liu J, Liu H, Lee SR, Gonzalez L, Gorecka J, Shu C, Dardik A. Activation of EphrinB2 Signaling Promotes Adaptive Venous Remodeling in Murine Arteriovenous Fistulae. J Surg Res 2021; 262:224-239. [PMID: 33039109 PMCID: PMC8024410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2020.08.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) are the preferred mode of vascular access for hemodialysis. Before use, AVF remodel by thickening and dilating to achieve a functional conduit via an adaptive process characterized by expression of molecular markers characteristic of both venous and arterial identity. Although signaling via EphB4, a determinant of venous identity, mediates AVF maturation, the role of its counterpart EphrinB2, a determinant of arterial identity, remains unclear. We hypothesize that EphrinB2 signaling is active during AVF maturation and may be a mechanism of venous remodeling. METHODS Aortocaval fistulae were created or sham laparotomy was performed in C57Bl/6 mice, and specimens were examined on Days 7 or 21. EphrinB2 reverse signaling was activated with EphB4-Fc applied periadventitially in vivo and in endothelial cell culture medium in vitro. Downstream signaling was assessed using immunoblotting and immunofluorescence. RESULTS Venous remodeling during AVF maturation was characterized by increased expression of EphrinB2 as well as Akt1, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), and p38. Activation of EphrinB2 with EphB4-Fc increased phosphorylation of EphrinB2, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, Akt1, ERK1/2, and p38 and was associated with increased diameter and wall thickness in the AVF. Both mouse and human endothelial cells treated with EphB4-Fc increased phosphorylation of EphrinB2, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, Akt1, ERK1/2, and p38 and increased endothelial cell tube formation and migration. CONCLUSIONS Activation of EphrinB2 signaling by EphB4-Fc was associated with adaptive venous remodeling in vivo while activating endothelial cell function in vitro. Regulation of EphrinB2 signaling may be a new strategy to improve AVF maturation and patency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tun Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; The Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; The Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Haiyang Liu
- The Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Shin-Rong Lee
- The Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Luis Gonzalez
- The Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jolanta Gorecka
- The Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Chang Shu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Center of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Alan Dardik
- The Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Surgery, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut.
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5
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Li DW, Bo L, Tu Q, Zhou AW, Shi LL, Yang XJ, Mao CP. Prenatal Hypoxia Altered Angiotensin II-mediated Vasoconstrictions viaPKC/ERK/ROCK Pathways and Potassium Channels in Rat Offsrping Middle Cerebral Artery. Biomed Environ Sci 2021; 34:250-255. [PMID: 33766224 DOI: 10.3967/bes2021.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Da Wei Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Le Bo
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Tu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China;Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - An Wen Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Ling Shi
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Jun Yang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cai Ping Mao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China
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6
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Naranjo AN, Bandara G, Bai Y, Smelkinson MG, Tobío A, Komarow HD, Boyden SE, Kastner DL, Metcalfe DD, Olivera A. Critical Signaling Events in the Mechanoactivation of Human Mast Cells through p.C492Y-ADGRE2. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 140:2210-2220.e5. [PMID: 32222457 PMCID: PMC7529699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A role for the adhesion G-protein coupled receptor ADGRE2 or EMR2 in mechanosensing was revealed by the finding of a missense substitution (p.C492Y) associated with familial vibratory urticaria. In these patients, friction of the skin induces mast cell hyper-degranulation through p.C492Y-ADGRE2, causing localized hives, flushing, and hypotension. We have now characterized the responses and intracellular signals elicited by mechanical activation in human mast cells expressing p.C492Y-ADGRE2 and attached to dermatan sulfate, a ligand for ADGRE2. The presence of p.C492Y-ADGRE2 reduced the threshold to activation and increased the extent of degranulation along with the percentage of mast cells responding. Vibration caused phospholipase C activation, transient increases in cytosolic calcium, and downstream activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 by Gβγ, Gαq/11, and Gαi/o-independent mechanisms. Degranulation induced by vibration was dependent on phospholipase C pathways, including calcium, protein kinase C, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase but not extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 pathways, along with pertussis toxin-sensitive signals. In addition, mechanoactivation of mast cells stimulated the synthesis and release of prostaglandin D2, to our knowledge a previously unreported mediator in vibratory urticaria, and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 activation was required for this response together with calcium, protein kinase C, and to some extent, phosphoinositide 3-kinase. Our studies thus identified critical molecular events initiated by mechanical forces and potential therapeutic targets for patients with vibratory urticaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea N Naranjo
- Mast Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Geethani Bandara
- Mast Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yun Bai
- Mast Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Margery G Smelkinson
- Biological Imaging Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Araceli Tobío
- Mast Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Hirsh D Komarow
- Mast Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Steven E Boyden
- Inflammatory Disease Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniel L Kastner
- Inflammatory Disease Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Dean D Metcalfe
- Mast Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ana Olivera
- Mast Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
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Lin JX, Yoon C, Li P, Ryeom SW, Cho SJ, Zheng CH, Xie JW, Wang JB, Lu J, Chen QY, Yoon SS, Huang CM. CDK5RAP3 as tumour suppressor negatively regulates self-renewal and invasion and is regulated by ERK1/2 signalling in human gastric cancer. Br J Cancer 2020; 123:1131-1144. [PMID: 32606358 PMCID: PMC7525566 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0963-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toward identifying new strategies to target gastric cancer stem-like cells (CSCs), we evaluated the function of the tumour suppressor CDK5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 3 (CDK5RAP3) in gastric CSC maintenance. METHODS We examined the expression of CDK5RAP3 and CD44 in gastric cancer patients. The function and mechanisms of CDK5RAP3 were checked in human and mouse gastric cancer cell lines and in mouse xenograft. RESULTS We show that CDK5RAP3 is weakly expressed in gastric CSCs and is negatively correlated with the gastric CSC marker CD44. CDK5RAP3 overexpression decreased expression of CSC markers, spheroid formation, invasion and migration, and reversed chemoresistance in gastric CSCs in vitro and vivo. CDK5RAP3 expression was found to be regulated by extracellular-related kinase (ERK) signalling. ERK inhibitors decreased spheroid formation, migration and invasion, and the expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins in both GA cells and organoids derived from a genetically engineered mouse model of GA. Finally, CDK5RAP3 expression was associated with reduced lymph-node metastasis and better prognosis, even in the presence of high expression of the EMT transcription factor Snail, among patients with CD44-positive GA. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that CDK5RAP3 is suppressed by ERK signalling and negatively regulates the self-renewal and EMT of gastric CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Xian Lin
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Changhwan Yoon
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Sandra W Ryeom
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Soo-Jeong Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chao-Hui Zheng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jian-Wei Xie
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jian-Bin Wang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qi-Yue Chen
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Sam S Yoon
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Chang-Ming Huang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.
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8
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Zhang Y, Gao N, Wu L, Lee PSY, Me R, Dai C, Xie L, Yu FSX. Role of VIP and Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Pathways in Mediating Epithelial Wound Healing, Sensory Nerve Regeneration, and Their Defects in Diabetic Corneas. Diabetes 2020; 69:1549-1561. [PMID: 32345752 PMCID: PMC7306128 DOI: 10.2337/db19-0870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic keratopathy, a sight-threatening corneal disease, comprises several symptomatic conditions including delayed epithelial wound healing, recurrent erosions, and sensory nerve (SN) neuropathy. We investigated the role of neuropeptides in mediating corneal wound healing, including epithelial wound closure and SN regeneration. Denervation by resiniferatoxin severely impaired corneal wound healing and markedly upregulated proinflammatory gene expression. Exogenous neuropeptides calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) partially reversed resiniferatoxin's effects, with VIP specifically inducing interleukin-10 expression. Hence, we focused on VIP and observed that wounding induced VIP and VIP type 1 receptor (VIPR1) expression in normal (NL) corneas, but not corneas from mice with diabetes mellitus (DM). Targeting VIPR1 in NL corneas attenuated corneal wound healing, dampened wound-induced expression of neurotrophic factors, and exacerbated inflammatory responses, while exogenous VIP had the opposite effects in DM corneas. Remarkably, wounding and diabetes also affected the expression of Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) in a VIP-dependent manner. Downregulating Shh expression in NL corneas decreased while exogenous Shh in DM corneas increased the rates of corneal wound healing. Furthermore, inhibition of Shh signaling dampened VIP-promoted corneal wound healing. We conclude that VIP regulates epithelial wound healing, inflammatory response, and nerve regeneration in the corneas in an Shh-dependent manner, suggesting a therapeutic potential for these molecules in treating diabetic keratopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zhang
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences and Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
- Qingdao Eye Hospital, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Nan Gao
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences and Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Lin Wu
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences and Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Patrick S Y Lee
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences and Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Rao Me
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences and Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Chenyang Dai
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences and Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Lixin Xie
- Qingdao Eye Hospital, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Fu-Shin X Yu
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences and Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
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Liu T, Zhu G, Yan W, Lv Y, Wang X, Jin G, Cui M, Lin Z, Ren X. Cordycepin Inhibits Cancer Cell Proliferation and Angiogenesis through a DEK Interaction via ERK Signaling in Cholangiocarcinoma. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 373:279-289. [PMID: 32102917 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.263202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignant tumor that arises from the epithelial cells of the bile duct and is notorious for its poor prognosis. The clinical outcome remains disappointing, and thus more effective therapeutic options are urgently required. Cordycepin, a traditional Chinese medicine, provides multiple pharmacological strategies in antitumors, but its mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we reported that cordycepin inhibited the viability and proliferation capacity of CCA cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and colony formation assay. Flow cytometry and Hoechst dye showed that cordycepin induced cancer cell apoptosis via extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 deactivation. Moreover, cordycepin significantly reduced the angiogenetic capabilities of CCA in vitro as examined by tube formation assay. We also discovered that cordycepin inhibited DEK expression by using Western blot assay. DEK serves as an oncogenic protein that is overexpressed in various gastrointestinal tumors. DEK silencing inhibited CCA cell viability and angiogenesis but not apoptosis induction determined by Western blot and flow cytometry. Furthermore, cordycepin significantly inhibited tumor growth and angiogenic capacities in a xenograft model by downregulating the expression of DEK, phosphorylated ERK1/2 CD31 and von Willebrand factor (vWF). Taken together, we demonstrated that cordycepin inhibited CCA cell proliferation and angiogenesis with a DEK interaction via downregulation in ERK signaling. These data indicate that cordycepin may serve as a novel agent for CCA clinical treatment and prognosis improvement. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Cordycepin provides multiple strategies in antitumors, but its mechanisms are not fully elucidated, especially on cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). We reported that cordycepin inhibited the viability of CCA cells, induced apoptosis via extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 deactivation and DEK inhibition, and reduced the angiogenetic capabilities of CCA both in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tesi Liu
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules (Yanbian University), Ministry of Education, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); and Otorhinolaryngology Institute at Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, P.R. China (T.L.)
| | - Guang Zhu
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules (Yanbian University), Ministry of Education, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); and Otorhinolaryngology Institute at Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, P.R. China (T.L.)
| | - Wendi Yan
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules (Yanbian University), Ministry of Education, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); and Otorhinolaryngology Institute at Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, P.R. China (T.L.)
| | - You Lv
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules (Yanbian University), Ministry of Education, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); and Otorhinolaryngology Institute at Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, P.R. China (T.L.)
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules (Yanbian University), Ministry of Education, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); and Otorhinolaryngology Institute at Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, P.R. China (T.L.)
| | - Guang Jin
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules (Yanbian University), Ministry of Education, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); and Otorhinolaryngology Institute at Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, P.R. China (T.L.)
| | - Minghua Cui
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules (Yanbian University), Ministry of Education, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); and Otorhinolaryngology Institute at Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, P.R. China (T.L.)
| | - Zhenhua Lin
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules (Yanbian University), Ministry of Education, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); and Otorhinolaryngology Institute at Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, P.R. China (T.L.)
| | - Xiangshan Ren
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules (Yanbian University), Ministry of Education, Yanji, China (T.L., G.Z., W.Y., Y.L., X.W., G.J., M.C., Z.L., X.R.); and Otorhinolaryngology Institute at Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, P.R. China (T.L.)
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10
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Wróbel A, Serefko A, Szopa A, Poleszak E. Stimulation of atypical cannabinoid receptor GPR55 abolishes the symptoms of detrusor overactivity in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 150:105329. [PMID: 32360768 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Overactive bladder is a troublesome disease that affects 15% of the population in developed countries. Since pharmacotherapy of this condition is frequently associated with side effects, the better tolerated drugs are being searched for. The main objective of our study was to check whether activation of the atypical cannabinoid receptor GPR55 would normalize the changes in cystometric, cardiovascular and biochemical parameters in the hypertensive female Wistar-Kyoto rats presenting the symptoms of overactive bladder accompanied by inflammation and oxidative damage in the urinary tracts. A 14-day intra-arterial administration of O-1602 (0.25 mg/kg/day), a potent agonist of GRP55 receptors, was able to abolish the signs of detrusor overactivity, inflammation and oxidative damage in the urinary bladder of the spontaneously hypertensive animals. Moreover, it increased their heart rate, reduced the mean blood pressure, and normalized the levels of several proteins that play a significant role in the proper functioning of the urinary bladder (i.e., calcitonin gene related peptide, organic cation transporter 3, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, vesicular acetylcholine transporter, RhoA). Based on the outcomes of our experiments, the atypical cannabinoid receptor GPR55 has emerged as a potential drug target for the treatment of overactive bladder in female subjects. It could be particularly attractive in the cases in which this condition is accompanied with elevated blood pressure, though further studies on this subject are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wróbel
- Second Department of Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Anna Serefko
- Chair and Department of Applied and Social Pharmacy, Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Szopa
- Chair and Department of Applied and Social Pharmacy, Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewa Poleszak
- Chair and Department of Applied and Social Pharmacy, Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
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11
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O’Shaughnessy WJ, Hu X, Beraki T, McDougal M, Reese ML. Loss of a conserved MAPK causes catastrophic failure in assembly of a specialized cilium-like structure in Toxoplasma gondii. Mol Biol Cell 2020; 31:881-888. [PMID: 32073987 PMCID: PMC7185968 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e19-11-0607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia are important organizing centers that control diverse cellular processes. Apicomplexan parasites like Toxoplasma gondii have a specialized cilium-like structure called the conoid that organizes the secretory and invasion machinery critical for the parasites' lifestyle. The proteins that initiate the biogenesis of this structure are largely unknown. We identified the Toxoplasma orthologue of the conserved kinase ERK7 as essential to conoid assembly. Parasites in which ERK7 has been depleted lose their conoids late during maturation and are immotile and thus unable to invade new host cells. This is the most severe phenotype to conoid biogenesis yet reported, and is made more striking by the fact that ERK7 is not a conoid protein, as it localizes just basal to the structure. ERK7 has been recently implicated in ciliogenesis in metazoan cells, and our data suggest that this kinase has an ancient and central role in regulating ciliogenesis throughout Eukaryota.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Tsebaot Beraki
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Matthew McDougal
- Department of Microbiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Michael L. Reese
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
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12
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Terasaka T, Kim T, Dave H, Gangapurkar B, Nicholas DA, Muñoz O, Terasaka E, Li D, Lawson MA. The RNA-Binding Protein ELAVL1 Regulates GnRH Receptor Expression and the Response to GnRH. Endocrinology 2019; 160:1999-2014. [PMID: 31188427 PMCID: PMC6660905 DOI: 10.1210/en.2019-00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Gonadotropin secretion, which is elicited by GnRH stimulation of the anterior pituitary gonadotropes, is a critical feature of reproductive control and the maintenance of fertility. In addition, activation of the GnRH receptor (GnRHR) regulates transcription and translation of multiple factors that regulate the signaling response and synthesis of gonadotropins. GnRH stimulation results in a broad redistribution of mRNA between active and inactive polyribosomes within the cell, but the mechanism of redistribution is not known. The RNA-binding protein embryonic lethal, abnormal vision, Drosophila-like 1 (ELAVL1) binds to AU-rich elements in mRNA and is one of the most abundant mRNA-binding proteins in eukaryotic cells. It is known to serve as a core component of RNA-binding complexes that direct the fate of mRNA. In LβT2 gonadotropes, we showed that ELAVL1 binds to multiple mRNAs encoding factors that are crucial for gonadotropin synthesis and release. Association with some mRNAs is GnRH sensitive but does not correlate with abundance of binding. We also showed MAPK-dependent changes in intracellular localization of ELAVL1 in response to GnRH stimulation. Knockdown of ELAVL1 gene expression resulted in reduced Lhb and Gnrhr mRNA levels, reduced cell surface expression of GnRHR, and reduced LH secretion in response to GnRH stimulation. Overall, these observations not only support the role of ELAVL1 in GnRHR-mediated regulation of gene expression and LH secretion but also indicate that other factors may contribute to the precise fate of mRNA in response to GnRH stimulation of gonadotropes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Terasaka
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Taeshin Kim
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Hiral Dave
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Bhakti Gangapurkar
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Dequina A Nicholas
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Oscar Muñoz
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Eri Terasaka
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Danmei Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Mark A Lawson
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Correspondence: Mark A. Lawson, PhD, University of California, San Diego, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Mail Code 0674, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093. E-mail:
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13
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Salaroglio IC, Mungo E, Gazzano E, Kopecka J, Riganti C. ERK is a Pivotal Player of Chemo-Immune-Resistance in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102505. [PMID: 31117237 PMCID: PMC6566596 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular signal-related kinases (ERKs) act as pleiotropic molecules in tumors, where they activate pro-survival pathways leading to cell proliferation and migration, as well as modulate apoptosis, differentiation, and senescence. Given its central role as sensor of extracellular signals, ERK transduction system is widely exploited by cancer cells subjected to environmental stresses, such as chemotherapy and anti-tumor activity of the host immune system. Aggressive tumors have a tremendous ability to adapt and survive in stressing and unfavorable conditions. The simultaneous resistance to chemotherapy and immune system responses is common, and ERK signaling plays a key role in both types of resistance. In this review, we dissect the main ERK-dependent mechanisms and feedback circuitries that simultaneously determine chemoresistance and immune-resistance/immune-escape in cancer cells. We discuss the pros and cons of targeting ERK signaling to induce chemo-immune-sensitization in refractory tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris C Salaroglio
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Mungo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | - Elena Gazzano
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | - Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy.
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14
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Ferraro M, Di Vincenzo S, Dino P, Bucchieri S, Cipollina C, Gjomarkaj M, Pace E. Budesonide, Aclidinium and Formoterol in combination limit inflammaging processes in bronchial epithelial cells exposed to cigarette smoke. Exp Gerontol 2019; 118:78-87. [PMID: 30659954 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation and cellular senescence (also called inflammaging) are involved in the pathogenesis of premature lung aging, a key driver of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Downregulation of histone deacetylases and FoxO3 expression, activation of the ERK 1/2 pathway and IL-8 increase are hallmarks of lung inflammaging. The effects of Budesonide (BUD), Aclidinium (ACL) and Formoterol (FO) on lung inflammaging are unknown. This study was aimed to assess the effects of BUD, ACL and FO in bronchial epithelial cells exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) by evaluating: a) Expression of TLR4 and survivin and LPS binding by flow cytometry; b) expression of HDAC2, HDAC3, SIRT1 and FoxO3 and activation of the ERK 1/2 pathway by western blot; c) IL-8 mRNA levels and release by Real Time-PCR and ELISA, respectively. Reported results show that CSE increased TLR4 and survivin, LPS binding, ERK 1/2 activation, IL-8 release and mRNA levels but decreased SIRT1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and FoxO3 nuclear expression. Combined therapy with BUD, ACL and FO counteracted the effects of CSE on LPS binding, FoxO3 nuclear expression, ERK 1/2 activation, survivin and IL-8 release and mRNA levels. These findings suggest a new role of combination therapy with BUD, ACL and FO in counteracting inflammaging processes induced by cigarette smoke exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ferraro
- Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Palermo, Italy
| | - S Di Vincenzo
- Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Palermo, Italy
| | - P Dino
- Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Palermo, Italy
| | - S Bucchieri
- Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Palermo, Italy
| | - C Cipollina
- Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Palermo, Italy; Fondazione Ri.MED, Palermo, Italy
| | - M Gjomarkaj
- Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Palermo, Italy
| | - E Pace
- Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Palermo, Italy.
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15
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Long L, Li Y, Yu S, Li X, Hu Y, Long T, Wang L, Li W, Ye X, Ke Z, Xiao H. Scutellarin Prevents Angiogenesis in Diabetic Retinopathy by Downregulating VEGF/ERK/FAK/Src Pathway Signaling. J Diabetes Res 2019; 2019:4875421. [PMID: 31976335 PMCID: PMC6949683 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4875421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious microvascular complication of diabetes. This study demonstrates the antiangiogenic effects of scutellarin (SCU) on high glucose- and hypoxia-stimulated human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) and on a diabetic rat model by oral administration. The antiangiogenic mechanisms of SCU in vitro and in vivo were investigated. METHOD HRECs were cultured in high glucose- (30 mM D-glucose) and hypoxia (cobalt chloride-treated)-stimulated diabetic condition to evaluate the antiangiogenic effects of SCU by CCK-8 test, cell migration experiment (wound healing and transwell), and tube formation experiment. A streptozotocin-induced type II diabetic rat model was established to measure the effects of oral administration of SCU on protecting retinal microvascular dysfunction by Doppler waveforms and HE staining. We further used western blot, luciferase reporter assay, and immunofluorescence staining to study the antiangiogenic mechanism of SCU. The protein levels of phospho-ERK, phospho-FAK, phospho-Src, VEGF, and PEDF were examined in HRECs and retina of diabetic rats. RESULT Our results indicated that SCU attenuated diabetes-induced HREC proliferation, migration, and tube formation and decreased neovascularization and resistive index in the retina of diabetic rats by oral administration. SCU suppressed the crosstalk of phospho-ERK, phospho-FAK, phospho-Src, and VEGF in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that SCU can be an oral drug to alleviate microvascular dysfunction of DR and exerts its antiangiogenic effects by inhibiting the expression of the crosstalk of VEGF, p-ERK, p-FAK, and p-Src.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Long
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Translation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yubin Li
- The Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shuang Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Translation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Tengfei Long
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Liqin Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wenwen Li
- Laboratory Animal Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaoxin Ye
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, High St. Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Zunfu Ke
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Haipeng Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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16
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Jiang R, Jiang Y, Xia P, Luo G, Huang W, Hu Z, Cheng G, Xiong Y, Wang Y, Cui T. Cigarette Smoke Extract Promotes TIM4 Expression in Murine Dendritic Cells Leading to Th2 Polarization through ERK-Dependent Pathways. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2018; 178:219-228. [PMID: 30522098 DOI: 10.1159/000494505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking is considered to be the main source of indoor pollution, and it has been identified as an important environmental factor contributing to asthma onset. We know that T helper 2 (Th2) response plays a crucial role in the process of asthma disease. We have investigated the reaction of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on Th polarization which is controlled by dendritic cells (DCs). Stimulated by CSE, immature DCs from murine bone marrow showed upregulated levels of TIM4. Cocultured with CD4+ T cells, stimulated DCs increased the ratio of IL-4+ versus IFN-γ+ of CD4+ T cells. This suggests a differentiation towards Th2 response. Moreover, antibodies against TIM4 reversed the upexpression of the IL-4+/IFN-γ+ ratio provoked by CSE, indicating that the Th2 polarization which was induced by CSE is via TIM4 mechanisms. CSE could activate mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways like ERK and p38. Upregulation of TIM4 expression by CSE stimulation was found to be inhibited by an ERK inhibitor but not p38 and JNK. In conclusion, DC-induced Th2 polarization is a hallmark of CSE allergy, and this aspect can be explained by CSE-induced TIM4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Jiang
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Yaping Jiang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medicine College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Xia
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Guangwei Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Zhimin Hu
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Guilian Cheng
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Yin Xiong
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Yueqin Wang
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Tianpen Cui
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China,
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Badmi R, Sheikh AH, Bhagat PK, Verma D, Noryang S, Sinha AK. Possible role of plant MAP kinases in the biogenesis and transcription regulation of rice microRNA pathway factors. Plant Physiol Biochem 2018; 129:238-243. [PMID: 29902676 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Signalling pathways play vital roles as determinants of almost all the molecular processes inside a eukaryotic cell. They are more often considered to be the link between extracellular and intracellular environmental cues. Gene silencing pathways have emerged to be involved in regulation of stress responses and developmental processes. However, very little is known about the crosstalk between signalling and silencing pathways and their influence on each other. The present work describes the effects of general protein kinase inhibitors and specific mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway inhibitors on the components of microRNA pathway in rice. The kinase inhibitors significantly reduced the activities of miRNA biogenesis complex and changed the transcript expression of miRNA pathway factors. This study suggests a possible regulation of microRNA machinery by plant kinases and MAP kinases in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghuram Badmi
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110065, India.
| | - Arsheed Hussain Sheikh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110065, India
| | - Prakash Kumar Bhagat
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110065, India
| | - Deepanjali Verma
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110065, India
| | - Stanzin Noryang
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110065, India
| | - Alok Krishna Sinha
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110065, India
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Jin S, Cheng T, Guo Y, Lin P, Zhao P, Liu C, Kusakabe T, Xia Q. Bombyx mori epidermal growth factor receptor is required for nucleopolyhedrovirus replication. Insect Mol Biol 2018; 27:464-477. [PMID: 29603500 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Baculovirus-host interactions are important models for studying the biological control of lepidopteran pests. Research on baculovirus-host interactions has focussed on baculovirus manipulation of cellular signalling pathways, including the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signalling pathways. However, the mechanism underlying ERK and PI3K/Akt activation and function in response to baculovirus infection remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrated that baculovirus activated the Bombyx mori ERK and PI3K/Akt signalling pathways via the B. mori epidermal growth factor receptor (BmEGFR). To further characterize the function of the BmEGFR/ERK signalling pathway in baculovirus replication, we calculated genome-wide changes in kinase-chromatin interactions for ERK after baculovirus infection using chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput sequencing. A Gene Ontology analysis showed that virus infection had effects on the biological regulation, cellular process and metabolic process pathways. Moreover, ERK was shown to regulate the transcription of late viral genes. Taken together, our results suggest that baculoviruses manipulate components of the host cell machinery for replication via modulation of the BmEGFR signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - T Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Y Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - P Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - P Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - C Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Chongqing, China
| | - T Kusakabe
- Laboratory of Silkworm Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Hakozaki, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Q Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Chongqing, China
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Jimenez-Vargas NN, Pattison LA, Zhao P, Lieu T, Latorre R, Jensen DD, Castro J, Aurelio L, Le GT, Flynn B, Herenbrink CK, Yeatman HR, Edgington-Mitchell L, Porter CJH, Halls ML, Canals M, Veldhuis NA, Poole DP, McLean P, Hicks GA, Scheff N, Chen E, Bhattacharya A, Schmidt BL, Brierley SM, Vanner SJ, Bunnett NW. Protease-activated receptor-2 in endosomes signals persistent pain of irritable bowel syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E7438-E7447. [PMID: 30012612 PMCID: PMC6077730 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1721891115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Once activated at the surface of cells, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) redistribute to endosomes, where they can continue to signal. Whether GPCRs in endosomes generate signals that contribute to human disease is unknown. We evaluated endosomal signaling of protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR2), which has been proposed to mediate pain in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Trypsin, elastase, and cathepsin S, which are activated in the colonic mucosa of patients with IBS and in experimental animals with colitis, caused persistent PAR2-dependent hyperexcitability of nociceptors, sensitization of colonic afferent neurons to mechanical stimuli, and somatic mechanical allodynia. Inhibitors of clathrin- and dynamin-dependent endocytosis and of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-1 prevented trypsin-induced hyperexcitability, sensitization, and allodynia. However, they did not affect elastase- or cathepsin S-induced hyperexcitability, sensitization, or allodynia. Trypsin stimulated endocytosis of PAR2, which signaled from endosomes to activate extracellular signal-regulated kinase. Elastase and cathepsin S did not stimulate endocytosis of PAR2, which signaled from the plasma membrane to activate adenylyl cyclase. Biopsies of colonic mucosa from IBS patients released proteases that induced persistent PAR2-dependent hyperexcitability of nociceptors, and PAR2 association with β-arrestins, which mediate endocytosis. Conjugation to cholestanol promoted delivery and retention of antagonists in endosomes containing PAR2 A cholestanol-conjugated PAR2 antagonist prevented persistent trypsin- and IBS protease-induced hyperexcitability of nociceptors. The results reveal that PAR2 signaling from endosomes underlies the persistent hyperexcitability of nociceptors that mediates chronic pain of IBS. Endosomally targeted PAR2 antagonists are potential therapies for IBS pain. GPCRs in endosomes transmit signals that contribute to human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nestor N Jimenez-Vargas
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 2V7, Canada
| | - Luke A Pattison
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Peishen Zhao
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - TinaMarie Lieu
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Rocco Latorre
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Dane D Jensen
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Joel Castro
- Visceral Pain Research Group, Human Physiology, Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- Centre for Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Luigi Aurelio
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Giang T Le
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Bernard Flynn
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Carmen Klein Herenbrink
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Holly R Yeatman
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Laura Edgington-Mitchell
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Christopher J H Porter
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Michelle L Halls
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Meritxell Canals
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Nicholas A Veldhuis
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Daniel P Poole
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Peter McLean
- Gastrointestinal Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Gareth A Hicks
- Gastrointestinal Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Nicole Scheff
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010
| | - Elyssa Chen
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010
| | - Aditi Bhattacharya
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010
| | - Brian L Schmidt
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010
| | - Stuart M Brierley
- Visceral Pain Research Group, Human Physiology, Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- Centre for Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Stephen J Vanner
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 2V7, Canada
| | - Nigel W Bunnett
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia;
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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20
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Cao ZJ, Feng YJ, Li D, Wang J, Huo HY, Zhang XM, Jiao XY. [Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of thioredoxin interaction protein inhibits INS-1 islet β cell proliferation]. Sheng Li Xue Bao 2018; 70:158-166. [PMID: 29691580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes can cause a significant increase in the expression of thioredoxin (Trx)-interacting protein (TXNIP), which binds to Trx and inhibits its activity. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of TXNIP on proliferation of rat INS-1 islet β cells and the underlying mechanism. TXNIP overexpressing adenovirus vectors (Ad-TXNIP-GFP and Ad-TXNIPc247s-GFP) were constructed and used to infect INS-1 cells. Ad-TXNIPc247s-GFP vector carries a mutant C247S TXNIP gene, and its expression product (TXNIPc247s) cannot attach and inhibit Trx activity. The expression of TXNIP was detected by real-time PCR and Western blot. EdU and Ki67 methods were used to detect cell proliferation. Protein phosphorylation levels of ERK and AKT were detected by Western blot. The results showed that both TXNIP and TXNIPc247s protein overexpressions inhibited the proliferation of INS-1 cells, and the former's inhibitory effect was greater. Moreover, both of the two kinds of overexpressions inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK and AKT. These results suggest that TXNIP overexpression may inhibit the proliferation of INS-1 cells through Trx-dependent and non-Trx-dependent pathways, and the mechanism involves the inhibition of ERK and AKT phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu-Jie Cao
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory for Cellular Physiology of Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yan-Jin Feng
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory for Cellular Physiology of Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory for Cellular Physiology of Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory for Cellular Physiology of Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Hai-Yan Huo
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory for Cellular Physiology of Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xu-Mei Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory for Cellular Physiology of Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xiang-Ying Jiao
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory for Cellular Physiology of Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
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Shen S, Ke Y, Dang E, Fang H, Chang Y, Zhang J, Zhu Z, Shao S, Qiao P, Zhang T, Qiao H, Wang G. Semaphorin 4D from CD15 + Granulocytes via ADAM10-Induced Cleavage Contributes to Antibody Production in Bullous Pemphigoid. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 138:588-597. [PMID: 29054606 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Autoreactive B-cell activation and antibody production are critical events for the development of bullous pemphigoid (BP). However, the mechanism that is involved in the modulation of B-cell activation and autoantibody generation has not been fully understood. Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D, or CD100) plays important roles in immune regulation related to B cells, but its implications in BP remain obscure. The aim of our study was to characterize Sema4D and the underlying mechanism contributing to the autoimmune features of BP. We found that soluble Sema4D (sSema4D) levels were elevated and correlated with disease severity and activity in serum and blister fluids from patients with BP. Additionally, Sema4D-expressing cells accumulated in subepidermal blisters of BP lesions. In patient-derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells, by promoting the differentiation of B cells into plasmablasts, sSema4D boosted anti-BP180/anti-BP230 antibody production in a time- and dose-dependent manner, which may be attributed to CD72-mediated activation of Akt/NF-κB phosphorylated (p-)65/ERK cascades in B cells. We determined that a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10 is a proteolytic enzyme for the cleavage of sSema4D from CD15+ granulocytes instead of T cells, which is probably responsible for the high concentration of sSema4D in BP blister fluid and serum. These findings suggest that Sema4D is a crucial participant in BP pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengxian Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yao Ke
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Erle Dang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuqian Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jieyu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhenlai Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuai Shao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pei Qiao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tongmei Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongjiang Qiao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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Ma’ayeh SY, Liu J, Peirasmaki D, Hörnaeus K, Bergström Lind S, Grabherr M, Bergquist J, Svärd SG. Characterization of the Giardia intestinalis secretome during interaction with human intestinal epithelial cells: The impact on host cells. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0006120. [PMID: 29228011 PMCID: PMC5739509 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Giardia intestinalis is a non-invasive protozoan parasite that causes giardiasis in humans, the most common form of parasite-induced diarrhea. Disease mechanisms are not completely defined and very few virulence factors are known. METHODOLOGY To identify putative virulence factors and elucidate mechanistic pathways leading to disease, we have used proteomics to identify the major excretory-secretory products (ESPs) when Giardia trophozoites of WB and GS isolates (assemblages A and B, respectively) interact with intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) in vitro. FINDINGS The main parts of the IEC and parasite secretomes are constitutively released proteins, the majority of which are associated with metabolism but several proteins are released in response to their interaction (87 and 41 WB and GS proteins, respectively, 76 and 45 human proteins in response to the respective isolates). In parasitized IECs, the secretome profile indicated effects on the cell actin cytoskeleton and the induction of immune responses whereas that of Giardia showed anti-oxidation, proteolysis (protease-associated) and induction of encystation responses. The Giardia secretome also contained immunodominant and glycosylated proteins as well as new candidate virulence factors and assemblage-specific differences were identified. A minor part of Giardia ESPs had signal peptides (29% for both isolates) and extracellular vesicles were detected in the ESPs fractions, suggesting alternative secretory pathways. Microscopic analyses showed ESPs binding to IECs and partial internalization. Parasite ESPs reduced ERK1/2 and P38 phosphorylation and NF-κB nuclear translocation. Giardia ESPs altered gene expression in IECs, with a transcriptional profile indicating recruitment of immune cells via chemokines, disturbances in glucose homeostasis, cholesterol and lipid metabolism, cell cycle and induction of apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study identifying Giardia ESPs and evaluating their effects on IECs. It highlights the importance of host and parasite ESPs during interactions and reveals the intricate cellular responses that can explain disease mechanisms and attenuated inflammatory responses during giardiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Showgy Y. Ma’ayeh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, BMC, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jingyi Liu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, BMC, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dimitra Peirasmaki
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, BMC, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Katarina Hörnaeus
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sara Bergström Lind
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Manfred Grabherr
- Department of Medical Biochemsitry and Microbiology, BMC, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Bergquist
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Staffan G. Svärd
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, BMC, Uppsala, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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Qi XL, Chen LL, Sun XG, Li XM, Zhao LH, Kong DJ. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 regulates T lymphocyte proliferation through activation of P53 and inhibition of ERK1/2 signaling pathway in children with Kawasaki disease. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2017; 21:3714-3722. [PMID: 28925469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on T lymphocytes in Kawasaki disease and to further investigate its molecular mechanism. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 30 child patients was diagnosed as Kawasaki disease, 60 child patients were diagnosed as infectious fever, and 60 normal children, were selected. 4 mL peripheral blood was collected before treatment. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and separated using the Facollin method and cultured. Flow cytometry was used to identify T cells. The cell sections were prepared for immunohistochemical staining. After T cells in each group were treated with 1,25(OH)2D3, the proteins were extracted for Western blotting. RESULTS Peripheral blood T cells were successfully isolated and cultured, and the maximal atoxic concentration of 1,25(OH)2D3 on T cells was 10-3 μmol/L. In T cells of child patients with Kawasaki disease, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) were continuously activated, P53 apoptosis genes were inactivated, and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) P65 pathway and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway were activated. After the intervention with 1,25(OH)2D3 in vitro, STAT3 and NF-κB P65 had no significant changes, the activation of ERK1/2 signaling pathway was inhibited and the P53 protein was activated. CONCLUSIONS Apoptotic T cells in peripheral blood in KD cannot initiate the normal apoptosis program, so they continue to proliferate and differentiate, eventually leading to the increase and abnormal activation of T cells and the immune imbalance in the body. 1,25(OH)2D3 can inhibit the excess hyperplasia of T cells through adjusting partial signal transduction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-L Qi
- Department of Pediatrics, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China.
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24
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Godinho AN, Costa GT, Oliveira NO, Cardi BA, Uchoa DEA, Silveira ER, Quintas LEM, Noël FG, Fonteles MC, Carvalho KM, Santos CF, Lessa LMA, do Nascimento NRF. Effects of cardiotonic steroids on isolated perfused kidney and NHE3 activity in renal proximal tubules. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:1943-1950. [PMID: 28506883 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiotonic steroids (CS) are known as modulators of sodium and water homeostasis. These compounds contribute to the excretion of sodium under overload conditions due to its natriuretic property related to the inhibition of the renal Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) pump α1 isoform. NHE3, the main route for Na+ reabsorption in the proximal tubule, depends on the Na+ gradient generated by the NKA pump. In the present study we aimed to investigate the effects of marinobufagin (MBG) and telocinobufagin (TBG) on the renal function of isolated perfused rat kidney and on the inhibition of NKA activity. Furthermore, we investigated the mechanisms for the cardiotonic steroid-mediated natriuretic effect, by evaluating and comparing the effects of bufalin (BUF), ouabain (OUA), MBG and TBG on NHE3 activity in the renal proximal tubule in vivo. TBG significantly increased GFR, UF, natriuresis and kaliuresis in isolated perfused rat kidney, and inhibits the activity of NKA at a much higher rate than MBG. By stationary microperfusion technique, the perfusion with BUF, OUA, TBG or MBG promoted an inhibitory effect on NHE3 activity, whereas BUF was the most effective agent, and demonstrated a dose-dependent response, with maximal inhibition at 50nM. Furthermore, our data showed the role of NKA-Src kinase pathway in the inhibition of NHE3 by CS. Finally, a downstream step, MEK1/2-ERK1/2 was also investigated, and, similar to Src inhibition, the MEK1/2 inhibitor (U0126) suppressed the BUF effect. Our findings indicate the involvement of NKA-SRc-Kinase-Ras-Raf-ERK1/2 pathway in the downregulation of NHE3 by cardiotonic steroids in the renal proximal tubule, promoting a reduction of proximal sodium reabsorption and natriuresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana N Godinho
- Biomedical Sciences Superior Institute, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Graciana T Costa
- Biomedical Sciences Superior Institute, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Nádia O Oliveira
- Biomedical Sciences Superior Institute, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Bruno A Cardi
- Biomedical Sciences Superior Institute, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luis Eduardo M Quintas
- Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - François G Noël
- Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Manassés C Fonteles
- Biomedical Sciences Superior Institute, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Cláudia F Santos
- Biomedical Sciences Superior Institute, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Lucília M A Lessa
- Biomedical Sciences Superior Institute, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
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Cabezas S, Ho S, Ros U, Lanio ME, Alvarez C, van der Goot FG. Damage of eukaryotic cells by the pore-forming toxin sticholysin II: Consequences of the potassium efflux. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2017; 1859:982-992. [PMID: 28173991 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Pore-forming toxins (PFTs) form holes in membranes causing one of the most catastrophic damages to a target cell. Target organisms have evolved a regulated response against PFTs damage including cell membrane repair. This ability of cells strongly depends on the toxin concentration and the properties of the pores. It has been hypothesized that there is an inverse correlation between the size of the pores and the time required to repair the membrane, which has been for long a non-intuitive concept and far to be completely understood. Moreover, there is a lack of information about how cells react to the injury triggered by eukaryotic PFTs. Here, we investigated some molecular events related with eukaryotic cells response against the membrane damage caused by sticholysin II (StII), a eukaryotic PFT produced by a sea anemone. We evaluated the change in the cytoplasmic potassium, identified the main MAPK pathways activated after pore-formation by StII, and compared its effect with those from two well-studied bacterial PFTs: aerolysin and listeriolysin O (LLO). Strikingly, we found that membrane recovery upon StII damage takes place in a time scale similar to LLO in spite of the fact that they form pores by far different in size. Furthermore, our data support a common role of the potassium ion, as well as MAPKs in the mechanism that cells use to cope with these toxins injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Cabezas
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, Havana University, Street 25 # 455, CP 10400, Havana, Cuba.
| | - Sylvia Ho
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Global Health Institution, Faculty of Life Sciences, Station 15, CH 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Uris Ros
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, Havana University, Street 25 # 455, CP 10400, Havana, Cuba; Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, Universität Tübingen, Hoppe Seyler Strasse, 4, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - María E Lanio
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, Havana University, Street 25 # 455, CP 10400, Havana, Cuba.
| | - Carlos Alvarez
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, Havana University, Street 25 # 455, CP 10400, Havana, Cuba.
| | - F Gisou van der Goot
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Global Health Institution, Faculty of Life Sciences, Station 15, CH 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Zhang D, Liu S. SOX5 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in osteosarcoma via regulation of Snail. J BUON 2017; 22:258-264. [PMID: 28365963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE SOX5 plays important roles in various kinds of cancers. However, the expression and roles of SOX5 in osteosarcoma (OS) have not been investigated well. In the present study we aimed to investigate the mechanism of SOX5 in OS. METHODS OS and adjacent non-cancerous specimens were obtained from patients with OS. PCR was applied to detect SOX5 mRNA. Then human OS cell lines (U2OS, SoSP-M, SoSP-9607, and MG-63) and one immortalized normal osteoblast hFOB1.19 were investigated. SOX5 knocking with shRNA in U2OS and SOX5 upregulation with recombinant plasmid in MG-63 were applied. Real-time cell monitoring system and invasion assay were used, and Western blot assay was performed to detect the protein level of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin and Snail, where Glyceraldehyde3- phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was presented as control. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS Significant upregulation of SOX5 in OS tissues and cell lines was identified. The gain- and loss-of-function studies suggested that OS cell migration and invasion were promoted significantly by SOX5. Additionally, SOX5 promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by regulation of Snail. CONCLUSION SOX5 is a novel regulator of EMT in OS, and is a potential target for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiyang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430060, China
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27
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Abstract
The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is characterized by thrombosis and/or pregnancy morbidity in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). Among the thrombogenic mechanisms proposed, it has been suggested that aPL can stimulate tissue factor (TF) expression by endothelial cells (ECs) and monocytes. Moreover, our in vivo studies have shown that APS patients (particularly those with thrombosis) have increased monocyte TF expression. Yet, the molecular mechanism(s) by which aPL induce TF expression has not been completely underscored. In a recent study, we have demonstrated that aPL induces TF expression in monocytes from APS patients by activating, simultaneously and independently, the phosphorylation of MEK-1/ERK proteins, and the p38 MAP kinase-depenent nuclear translocation and activation of NFκB/Rel proteins. Understanding the intracellular mechanism(s) of aPL-mediated monocyte activation may help to establish new therapeutic approaches, such as selective inhibition of MAP kinases, to reverse the prothrombotic state in APS. Furthermore, the contribution of TF to a protrombotic state in the APS provides a renewed focus on antithrombotic therapies in current use, including the oral anticoagulation and, more recently, the use of statins, which have been proven to be effective in the inhibition of EC and monocyte TF-expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ch López-Pedrera
- Research Unit and Rheumatology Department, Reina Sofia Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.
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Sarhan D, Cichocki F, Zhang B, Yingst A, Spellman SR, Cooley S, Verneris MR, Blazar BR, Miller JS. Adaptive NK Cells with Low TIGIT Expression Are Inherently Resistant to Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells. Cancer Res 2016; 76:5696-5706. [PMID: 27503932 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (CMV)-induced adaptive natural killer (NK) cells display distinct phenotypic and functional characteristics, including properties of immune memory. We hypothesized that these cells may be more resistant to suppression mediated by immunoregulatory cell subsets, making them attractive for use in cancer therapy. Here we report that relative to conventional NK cells, adaptive NK cells express lower levels of the inhibitory receptor T-cell Ig and ITIM domain (TIGIT), which results in resistance to immune suppression mediated by myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), as derived from cytokine induction in normal blood or patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. In contrast, conventional NK cells were potently suppressed by MDSCs, an effect abrogated completely by TIGIT blockade. Mechanistically, TIGIT signaling in NK cells after MDSC coculture led to a decrease in the phosphorylation of ZAP70/Syk and ERK1/2. These effects were reversed by blocking TIGIT on NK cells or by inhibiting production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by MDSCs, the latter of which upregulated the TIGIT ligand CD155 on MDSCs. Accordingly, the blunted cytotoxicity of NK cells cocultured with MDSCs against tumor cells could be reversed by blocking TIGIT or ROS production. Overall, our results show how adaptive NK cells arising in response to CMV infection can escape MDSC-mediated suppression, and defined TIGIT antagonists as a novel type of checkpoint inhibitor to enhance NK-cell-mediated responses against cancer and infection. Cancer Res; 76(19); 5696-706. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhifaf Sarhan
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Frank Cichocki
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Bin Zhang
- Cancer Center, University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Ashley Yingst
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Stephen R Spellman
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Sarah Cooley
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Michael R Verneris
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Bruce R Blazar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jeffrey S Miller
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
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Gupta SC, Singh R, Asters M, Liu J, Zhang X, Pabbidi MR, Watabe K, Mo YY. Regulation of breast tumorigenesis through acid sensors. Oncogene 2016; 35:4102-11. [PMID: 26686084 PMCID: PMC6450404 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The low extracellular pH in the microenvironment has been shown to promote tumor growth and metastasis; however, the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Particularly, little is known how the tumor cell senses the acidic signal to activate the acidosis-mediated signaling. In this study, we show that breast cancer cells express acid-sensing ion channel 1 (ASIC1), a proton-gated cation channel primarily expressed in the nervous system. RNA interference, knockout and rescue experiments demonstrate a critical role for ASIC1 in acidosis-induced reactive oxidative species and NF-κB activation, two key events for tumorigenesis. Mechanistically, ASIC1 is required for acidosis-mediated signaling through calcium influx. We show that as a cytoplasmic membrane protein, ASIC1 is also associated with mitochondria, suggesting that ASIC1 may regulate mitochondrial calcium influx. Importantly, interrogation of the Cancer Genome Atlas breast invasive carcinoma data set indicates that alterations of ASIC1 alone or combined with other 4 ASIC genes are significantly correlated with poor patient survival. Furthermore, ASIC1 inhibitors cause a significant reduction of tumor growth and tumor load. Together, these results suggest that ASIC1 contributes to breast cancer pathogenesis in response to acidic tumor microenvironments, and ASIC1 may serve as a prognostic marker and a therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Gupta
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - R Singh
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - M Asters
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - J Liu
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - X Zhang
- Center of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - M R Pabbidi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - K Watabe
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Y-Y Mo
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
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Wang Y, Gao C, Zhang Y, Gao J, Teng F, Tian W, Yang W, Yan Y, Xue F. Visfatin stimulates endometrial cancer cell proliferation via activation of PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK1/2 signalling pathways. Gynecol Oncol 2016; 143:168-178. [PMID: 27473926 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2016.07.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endometrial carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies of the female reproductive system, but the aetiology and pathogenesis are not well understood, although adipokines such as visfatin may be involved. Our study provides insight into the mechanism underlying the tumorigenic effects of visfatin in endometrial carcinoma. METHODS We investigated the effect of visfatin on endometrial carcinoma cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis using well-differentiated Ishikawa cells and poorly differentiated KLE cells. We also assessed the effect of visfatin on tumour growth in vivo. RESULTS Visfatin stimulated the proliferation of both Ishikawa and KLE cells, and visfatin treatment promoted G1/S phase progression and inhibited endometrial carcinoma cell apoptosis. Visfatin promoted endometrial carcinoma tumour growth in BALB/c-nu mice. Transplanted tumour tissues from an endometrial carcinoma mouse model were analysed using immunohistochemical staining, which revealed much stronger positive signals for Ki-67 with over-abundant visfatin. Western blot analysis revealed that insulin receptor (IR), insulin receptor substrate (IRS)1/2 and key components of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 signalling pathways were highly expressed in endometrial carcinoma cells exposed to visfatin. Treated cells showed increased C-MYC and cyclin D1 and reduced caspase-3 expression. The effects of visfatin on proliferation and apoptosis were abrogated by treatment with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and MEK inhibitor U0126. CONCLUSIONS Visfatin promotes the malignant progression of endometrial carcinoma via activation of IR and PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK signalling. Visfatin may serve as a therapeutic target in the treatment of endometrial carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmei Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Gao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanfang Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinping Gao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Fei Teng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenyan Tian
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ye Yan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Fengxia Xue
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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Kim B, Park J, Chang KT, Lee DS. Peroxiredoxin 5 prevents amyloid-beta oligomer-induced neuronal cell death by inhibiting ERK-Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fragmentation. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 90:184-94. [PMID: 26582373 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is caused by amyloid-beta oligomers (AβOs). AβOs induce cell death by triggering oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. A recent study showed that AβO-induced oxidative stress is associated with extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-dynamin related protein 1 (Drp1)-mediated mitochondrial fission. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are regulated by antioxidant enzymes, especially peroxiredoxins (Prxs) that scavenge H2O2. These enzymes inhibit neuronal cell death induced by various neurotoxic reagents. However, it is unclear whether Prx5, which is specifically expressed in neuronal cells, protects these cells from AβO-induced damage. In this study, we found that Prx5 expression was upregulated by AβO-induced oxidative stress and that Prx5 decreased ERK-Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fragmentation and apoptosis of HT-22 neuronal cells. Prx5 expression was affected by AβO, and amelioration of oxidative stress by N-acetyl-L-cysteine decreased AβO-induced Prx5 expression. Prx5 overexpression reduced ROS as well as RNS and apoptotic cell death but Prx5 knockdown did not. In addition, Prx5 overexpression ameliorated ERK-Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fragmentation but Prx5 knockdown did not. These results indicated that inducible Prx5 expression by AβO plays a key role in inhibiting both ERK-Drp1-induced mitochondrial fragmentation and neuronal cell death by regulating oxidative stress. Thus, Prx5 may be a new therapeutic agent for treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokyung Kim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyung Park
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Tae Chang
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Seok Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea.
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Dieb W, Alvarez P, Hafidi A. PKCγ-positive neurons gate light tactile inputs to pain pathway through pERK1/2 neuronal network in trigeminal neuropathic pain model. J Oral Facial Pain Headache 2015; 29:70-82. [PMID: 25635962 DOI: 10.11607/ofph.1353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To explore the possible relationship between protein kinase C gamma (PKCγ) and phosphorylated forms of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (pERK1/2) in the rat medullary dorsal horn and the facial hypersensitivity indicative of dynamic mechanical allodynia (DMA) following chronic constriction of the infraorbital nerve (CCI-IoN). METHODS A well-established rat model of trigeminal neuropathic pain involving CCI-IoN was used. Facial mechanical hypersensitivity was tested with non-noxious dynamic mechanical stimulation (air-puff), and the medullary dorsal horn was examined immunohistochemically using PKCγ and pERK1/2 as pain markers. Statistical analysis was performed using Student t test or one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS Increased PKCγ and pERK1/2 expressions within the medullary dorsal horn were associated with DMA following CCI-IoN. A segmental network composed of PKCγ-positive cells located in medullary dorsal horn laminae II/III, contacting more superficially located pERK1/2-expressing cells, was identified. Ultrastructural analysis confirmed the presence of PKCγ to pERK1/2-positive cells. Moreover, intracisternal administration of the selective PKCγ inhibitor KIG31-I blocked both the DMA and pERK1/2 expression in a dose-dependent manner. Although the number of pERK1/2-positive cells was significantly elevated with air-puff stimulation, DMA rats not receiving air-puff stimulation showed significant pERK1/2 expression, suggesting they were experiencing spontaneous pain. CONCLUSION PKCγ cells in the medullary dorsal horn may be involved in DMA following CCI-IoN through the activation of pERK1/2-expressing cells, which then may relay non-nociceptive information to lamina I cells in the medullary dorsal horn.
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Wang SJ, Ma J, Gong YX, Wang YC, Zeng XL, Liang Y, Sun GJ. [Effect of electroacupuncture intervention on ERK 1/2 signaling and TNF-α and IL-1β protein levels in the substantia Nigra in rats with Parkinson's Disease]. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu 2014; 39:456-460. [PMID: 25632569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) on phosphalized extracellular regulated protein kinases(p-ERK) 1/2 signaling pathway and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β protein levels in the substantia nigra (SN) in rats with Parkinson's disease (PD), so as to explore its mechanism underlying improvement of PD. METHODS 32 male SD rats were randomly and averagely divided into normal control group, sham-operation group, model group and EA group. PD model was established by intra-dermal-injection of rotenone(1 mg/kg, dissolved in DMSO and saline, concentration: 0. 25 mg/mL) at the nape, once daily for 14 days. EA (2 Hz, 2 mA) was applied to "Fengfu"(GV 16)and "Taichong"(LR 3) for 20 min, once daily for 14 days. For sham-operation group, subcutaneous injection of the same dose of DMSO and saline was given in the same way. The expression levels of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), p-ERK 1/2, inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1P proteins of the SN tissue were detected using Western blot. The rat's horizontal and vertical movement ability was assessed using open-field tests. RESULTS The horizontal and vertical movement scores were significantly lower in the model group than in the normal control group, and markedly higher in the EA group than in the model group (P<0. 05). Compared with the normal control group, the expression level of TH protein in the SN was significantly reduced in the model group( P<0. 05 ),while the expression levels of p-ERK 1/2, TNF-α and IL-1β proteins were significantly increased in the model group(P<0. 05). After EA intervention, the expression level of TH protein was significantly increased(P<0.05),and those of p-ERK 1/2, TNF-α and IL-1β proteins were significantly down-regulated(P<0. 05) in the EA group compared to the model group. CONCLUSION EA therapy may improve PD rats' movement ability, which may be associated with its effects in down-regulating the expression levels of p-ERK 1/2, TNF-α and IL-1β proteins and up-regulating the expression of TH protein in the SN.
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Abstract
Bim (Bcl-2-interacting mediator of cell death) is a BH3-only protein (BOP), a pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 protein family. The Bim mRNA undergoes alternate splicing to give rise to the short, long and extra long protein variants (Bim(S), Bim(L) and Bim(EL)). These proteins have distinct potency in promoting death and distinct modes of regulation conferred by their interaction with other proteins. Quite how Bim and other BOPs promote apoptosis has been the subject of some debate. Bim was isolated by it's interaction with pro-survival proteins such as Bcl-2 and it has been suggested that this is key to the ability of Bim to induce apoptosis. However, an alternative model argues that some forms of Bim can bind directly to the pro-apoptotic Bax and Bak proteins to initiate apoptosis. A new study may finally put this debate to rest as it provides strong evidence to suggest that Bim and other BOPs act primarily by binding to pro-survival Bcl-2 proteins, thereby releasing Bax or Bak proteins to promote apoptosis. The importance of the interaction between Bim and the pro-survival Bcl-2 proteins is underlined by our demonstration that it is regulated by ERK1/2-dependent phosphorylation of Bim(EL). ERK1/2-dependent dissociation of Bim(EL) from pro-survival proteins is the first step in a process by which the pro-survival ERK1/2 pathway promotes the destruction of this most abundant Bim splice variant. In this review we outline the significance of these new studies to our understanding of how BOPs such as Bim initiate apoptosis and how this process is regulated by growth factor-dependent signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Ewings
- Laboratory of Molecular Signalling, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK
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Suzuki C, Tanigawa M, Tanaka H, Horiike K, Kanekatsu R, Tojo M, Nagata Y. Effect of D-serine on spermatogenesis and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) phosphorylation in the testis of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. J Insect Physiol 2014; 67:97-104. [PMID: 24971930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2014.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Although the pupae and larvae of Bombyx mori possess especially large amounts of free d-serine, the physiological role of the amino acid in the silkworm is unknown. We investigated the effect of d-serine on spermatogenesis. A lowered d-serine level throughout larval development caused a delay in spermatogenesis and resulted in reduced numbers of eupyrene sperm. Administration of d-serine transiently increased the activation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase1/2 (ERK1/2; hereafter, ERK) by approximately 25% in the testis of day 3 fifth instar larvae. l-Serine had no effect on ERK activation, and other organs did not respond to d-serine. The effect of d-serine on ERK activation was confirmed by administering d-serine dehydratase, an enzyme that specifically degrades d-serine, and the enzyme's inhibitor, hydroxylamine. ERK phosphorylation in the testis was significantly inhibited by Go6983 and U0126, inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC) and mitogen-associated protein kinase kinase 1/2 (MEK), respectively, but not by H-89, a protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor, indicating that ERK was activated in the testis via PKC and MEK but not via PKA. The inhibition of ERK phosphorylation by Go6983 or U0126 was reduced by 20-30% by d-serine. Roughly 30% of c-Raf phosphorylation at an inhibitory site (Ser259) was decreased by the addition of d-serine. These results suggest that d-serine activates ERK in the testis of silkworms through a pathway including c-Raf but not PKC or MEK. Immunohistochemistry confirmed d-serine-induced ERK phosphorylation in the testis and revealed the presence of phospho-ERK in the nuclei of spermatocytes and spermatids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Suzuki
- Department of Materials and Applied Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, Chiyoda-Ward, Tokyo 101-8308, Japan
| | - Minoru Tanigawa
- Department of Materials and Applied Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, Chiyoda-Ward, Tokyo 101-8308, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Ohtsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Kihachiro Horiike
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Ohtsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Rensuke Kanekatsu
- Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Miki Tojo
- Department of Materials and Applied Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, Chiyoda-Ward, Tokyo 101-8308, Japan
| | - Yoko Nagata
- Department of Materials and Applied Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, Chiyoda-Ward, Tokyo 101-8308, Japan.
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Oláh A, Tóth BI, Borbíró I, Sugawara K, Szöllõsi AG, Czifra G, Pál B, Ambrus L, Kloepper J, Camera E, Ludovici M, Picardo M, Voets T, Zouboulis CC, Paus R, Bíró T. Cannabidiol exerts sebostatic and antiinflammatory effects on human sebocytes. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:3713-24. [PMID: 25061872 DOI: 10.1172/jci64628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) regulates multiple physiological processes, including cutaneous cell growth and differentiation. Here, we explored the effects of the major nonpsychotropic phytocannabinoid of Cannabis sativa, (-)-cannabidiol (CBD), on human sebaceous gland function and determined that CBD behaves as a highly effective sebostatic agent. Administration of CBD to cultured human sebocytes and human skin organ culture inhibited the lipogenic actions of various compounds, including arachidonic acid and a combination of linoleic acid and testosterone, and suppressed sebocyte proliferation via the activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid-4 (TRPV4) ion channels. Activation of TRPV4 interfered with the prolipogenic ERK1/2 MAPK pathway and resulted in the downregulation of nuclear receptor interacting protein-1 (NRIP1), which influences glucose and lipid metabolism, thereby inhibiting sebocyte lipogenesis. CBD also exerted complex antiinflammatory actions that were coupled to A2a adenosine receptor-dependent upregulation of tribbles homolog 3 (TRIB3) and inhibition of the NF-κB signaling. Collectively, our findings suggest that, due to the combined lipostatic, antiproliferative, and antiinflammatory effects, CBD has potential as a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of acne vulgaris.
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Song X, Wang Y, Du H, Fan Y, Yang X, Wang X, Wu X, Luo C. Overexpression of HepaCAM inhibits cell viability and motility through suppressing nucleus translocation of androgen receptor and ERK signaling in prostate cancer. Prostate 2014; 74:1023-33. [PMID: 24811146 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HepaCAM is suppressed in a variety of human cancers, and involved in cell adhesion, growth, migration, invasion, and survival. However, the expression and function of HepaCAM in prostate cancer are still unknown. METHODS HepaCAM expression has been detected by RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry staining in prostate cell lines RWPE-1, LNCap, DU145, PC3, and in 75 human prostate tissue specimens, respectively. Meanwhile, the cell proliferation ability was detected by WST-8 assay. The role of HepaCAM in prostate cancer cell migration and invasion was examined by wound healing and transwell assay. And flow cytometry was used to observe the apoptosis of prostate cancer cells. Then we detected changes of Androgen Receptor translocation and ERK signaling using immunofluorescence staining and western blot after overexpression of HepaCAM. RESULTS The HepaCAM expression was significantly down-regulated in prostate cancer tissues and undetected in prostate cancer cells. However, the low HepaCAM expression was not statistically associated with clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer. Overexpression of HepaCAM in prostate cancer cells decreased the cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and induced the cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, HepaCAM prevented the androgen receptor translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and down-regulated the MAPK/ERK signaling. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that HepaCAM acted as a tumor suppressor in prostate cancer. HepaCAM inhibited cell viability and motility which might be through suppressing the nuclear translocation of Androgen Receptor and down-regulating the ERK signaling. Therefore, it was indicated that HepaCAM may be a potential therapeutic target for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuedong Song
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Wu G, Qin XQ, Guo JJ, Li TY, Chen JH. AKT/ERK activation is associated with gastric cancer cell resistance to paclitaxel. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2014; 7:1449-1458. [PMID: 24817940 PMCID: PMC4014224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) has shown encouraging activity in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer (GC). However, the fact that more than half of GC patients respond poorly to PTX-based chemotherapies demonstrates the urgent need for biomarkers of PTX sensitivity in GC patients. In the present work, three GC cell lines (BGC-823, HGC-27 and NCI-N87) with different sensitivities to PTX were subjected to DNA microarray analysis. The significantly differentially expressed genes and microRNAs (miRs) were identified and pathway signatures for PTX sensitivity were proposed. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis results showed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the ErbB signaling pathway and other pathways. Additionally, the AKT/ERK signaling pathway, which is the pathway downstream of ErbB, was predicted to be active in PTX-resistant GC cell lines. ErbB3 overexpression and AKT/ERK activation in PTX-resistant cell lines were validated, respectively, by quantitative PCR and immunoblotting. Furthermore, 10 miRs were dramatically differently expressed in the three GC cell lines, and a miR-gene network was constructed from these data. Our work uncovered a reliable signature for PTX sensitivity in GC and potential therapeutic targets for GC treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040, China
- Department of General Surgery, Renhe HospitalBaoshan District, Shanghai 20043, China
| | - Xue-Qian Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Renhe HospitalBaoshan District, Shanghai 20043, China
| | - Jing-Jing Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Renhe HospitalBaoshan District, Shanghai 20043, China
| | - Tian-Yi Li
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040, China
| | - Jin-Hong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040, China
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Yang LX, Li BL, Liu XH, Yuan Y, Lu CJ, Chen R, Zhao J. RNA-seq reveals determinants of sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs in esophageal carcinoma cells. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2014; 7:1524-1533. [PMID: 24817948 PMCID: PMC4014232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment for patients with incurable disease of esophageal carcinoma. Most patients respond poorly to chemotherapy, it is necessary to figure out biomarkers for chemotherapy sensitivity or resistance to perform the individualized therapy. In present work, the sensitivities of two ESCC cell lines to 9 chemotherapy drugs were identified and the transcriptome of these two cell lines were investigated by RNA-seq, the correlation between the sensitivity to drugs and expression of some genes was attempted to construct. Eca-1 was more resistant to most of the chemotherapy drugs than Eca-109 cell line. RNA-seq results showed that there is dramatic difference in the basal expression between these two ESCC cell lines. Pathway analysis demonstrated that these differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in Gαi signaling, calcium signaling, cAMP-mediated signaling, G-protein coupled receptor signaling and actin cytoskeleton signaling pathways. The molecules in Gαi signaling (ADCY1 and SSTR3) and actin cytoskeleton signaling (MYH6 and MYH7) were highly expressed in multidrug-resistant Eca-1 cells, which were validated by quantitative PCR. Activation of these two pathways results in the upregulation of downstream signaling, PKA signaling and Src-STAT3, and downregulation of RAF-ERK signaling, which was validated by immunoblotting experiments. Our work proposed that activation of Gαi signaling or actin cytoskeleton signaling may confer ESCC cells resistance to most chemotherapy drugs. Our work might provide potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for treatment of EC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xin Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Bai-Ling Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Yang Yuan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Chao-Jing Lu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Rui Chen
- International Joint Cancer Institute of The Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- International Joint Cancer Institute of The Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai, China
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Kuroda J. [Future therapeutic strategy for multiple myeloma through the targeting of cell signaling pathways]. Rinsho Ketsueki 2014; 55:295-303. [PMID: 24681932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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Yang L, Su T, Lv D, Xie F, Liu W, Cao J, Sheikh IA, Qin X, Li L, Chen L. ERK1/2 mediates lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation and autophagy induced by apelin-13. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2014; 46:100-11. [PMID: 24374773 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmt140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of apelin in the cell proliferation and autophagy of lung adenocarcinoma. The over-expression of APJ in lung adenocarcinoma was detected by immunohistochemistry, while plasma apelin level in lung cancer patients was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our findings revealed that apelin-13 significantly increased the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, the expression of cyclin D1, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3A/B (LC3A/B), and beclin1, and confirmed that apelin-13 promoted A549 cell proliferation and induced A549 cell autophagy via ERK1/2 signaling. Moreover, there are pores on the surface of human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 and apelin-13 causes cell surface smooth and glossy as observed under atomic force microscopy. These results suggested that ERK1/2 signaling pathway mediates apelin-13-induced lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation and autophagy. Under our experimental condition, autophagy associated with 3-methyladenine was not involved in cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmaco-proteomics, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
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Bergholz J, Zhang Y, Wu J, Meng L, Walsh EM, Rai A, Sherman MY, Xiao ZXJ. ΔNp63α regulates Erk signaling via MKP3 to inhibit cancer metastasis. Oncogene 2014; 33:212-24. [PMID: 23246965 PMCID: PMC3962654 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Revised: 09/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Reduced expression of the p53 family member p63 has been suggested to play a causative role in cancer metastasis. Here, we show that ΔNp63α, the predominant p63 isoform, plays a major role in regulation of cell migration, invasion and cancer metastasis. We identified mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase phosphatase 3 (MKP3) as a downstream target of ΔNp63α that is required for mediating these effects. We show that ΔNp63α regulates extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (Erk1/2) activity via MKP3 in both cancer and non-transformed cells. We further show that exogenous ΔNp63α inhibits cell invasion and is dependent on MKP3 upregulation for repression. Conversely, endogenous pan-p63 ablation results in increased cell migration and invasion, which can be reverted by reintroducing the ΔNp63α isoform alone, but not by other isoforms. Interestingly, these effects require Erk2, but not Erk1 expression, and can be rescued by enforced MKP3 expression. Moreover, MKP3 expression is reduced in invasive cancers, and reduced p63 expression increases metastatic frequency in vivo. Taken together, these results suggest an important role for ΔNp63α in preventing cancer metastasis by inhibition of Erk2 signaling via MKP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Bergholz
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118. U.S.A
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, College of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610014. China
| | - Yujun Zhang
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, College of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610014. China
| | - Junfeng Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118. U.S.A
| | - Le Meng
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118. U.S.A
| | - Erica M. Walsh
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118. U.S.A
| | - Arun Rai
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118. U.S.A
| | - Michael Y. Sherman
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118. U.S.A
| | - Zhi-Xiong Jim Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118. U.S.A
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, College of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610014. China
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Karsy M, Albert L, Murali R, Jhanwar-Uniyal M. The impact of arsenic trioxide and all-trans retinoic acid on p53 R273H-codon mutant glioblastoma. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:4567-80. [PMID: 24399651 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1601-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor in adults and demonstrates a 1-year median survival time. Codon-specific hotspot mutations of p53 result in constitutively active mutant p53, which promotes aberrant proliferation, anti-apoptosis, and cell cycle checkpoint failure in GBM. Recently identified CD133(+) cancer stem cell populations (CSC) within GBM also confer therapeutic resistance. We studied targeted therapy in a codon-specific p53 mutant (R273H) created by site-directed mutagenesis in U87MG. The effects of arsenic trioxide (ATO, 1 μM) and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA, 10 μM), possible targeted treatments of CSCs, were investigated in U87MG neurospheres. The results showed that U87-p53(R273H) cells generated more rapid neurosphere growth than U87-p53(wt) but inhibition of neurosphere proliferation was seen with both ATO and ATRA. U87-p53(R273H) neurospheres showed resistance to differentiation into glial cells and neuronal cells with ATO and ATRA exposure. ATO was able to generate apoptosis at high doses and proliferation of U87-p53(wt) and U87-p53(R273H) cells was reduced with ATO and ATRA in a dose-dependent manner. Elevated pERK1/2 and p53 expression was seen in U87-p53(R273H) neurospheres, which could be reduced with ATO and ATRA treatment. Additionally, differential responses in pERK1/2 were seen with ATO treatment in neurospheres and non-neurosphere cells. In conclusion, codon-specific mutant p53 conferred a more aggressive phenotype to our CSC model. However, ATO and ATRA could potently suppress CSC properties in vitro and may support further clinical investigation of these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Karsy
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, 175 North Medical Dr. East, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA,
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Esteves CL, Kelly V, Breton A, Taylor AI, West CC, Donadeu FX, Péault B, Seckl JR, Chapman KE. Proinflammatory cytokine induction of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) in human adipocytes is mediated by MEK, C/EBPβ, and NF-κB/RelA. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014; 99:E160-8. [PMID: 24243637 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2013-1708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Levels of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1), which regenerates active glucocorticoids, are selectively elevated in adipose tissue in human obesity and metabolic syndrome, both conditions associated with chronic low-grade inflammation. 11β-HSD1 expression is induced by proinflammatory cytokines in a variety of cell types, including in human adipocytes differentiated in vitro. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to determine the mechanisms by which proinflammatory cytokines induce 11β-HSD1 in human adipocytes. RESULTS The proinflammatory cytokines IL-1α (10 ng/mL) and TNFα (20 ng/mL) increased 11β-HSD1 mRNA levels in human primary adipocyte fractions and Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome (SGBS) adipocytes (P<.001). Inhibition of the MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK) attenuated CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) β phosphorylation at Thr235 and IL-1α/TNFα induction of 11β-HSD1 (P≤.007). The small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of C/EBPβ and nuclear factor (NF)-κB/RelA or inhibition of NF-κB/RelA also attenuated cytokine induction of 11β-HSD1 (P≤.001). Moreover, induction of 11β-HSD1 by IL-1α in SGBS cells was associated with nuclear localization of C/EBPβ and NF-κB/RelA. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments showed C/EBPβ and NF-κB/RelA located to the 11β-HSD1 promoter in human adipose tissue. Treatment of adipocyte fractions or SGBS adipocytes with metformin or acetylsalicylic acid, which target C/EBPβ and NF-κB/RelA signaling, attenuated the IL-1α induction of 11β-HSD1 (P≤.002). CONCLUSIONS Increased proinflammatory signaling in inflamed adipose tissue may mediate elevated 11β-HSD1 expression at this site via MEK, C/EBPβ, and NF-κB/RelA. These molecules/signaling pathways are, therefore, potential targets for drugs, including metformin and acetylsalicylic acid, to prevent/decreased up-regulation of 11β-HSD1 in human obese/metabolic syndrome adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina L Esteves
- Endocrinology Unit, University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science (C.L.E., V.K., A.I.T., C.C.W., B.P., J.R.S., K.E.C.), Centre for Regenerative Medicine (C.C.W., B.P.), The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom; and Division of Developmental Biology (A.B., F.X.D.), The Roslin Institute, EH25 9RG, United Kingdom
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Yoshida S, Kornek M, Ikenaga N, Schmelzle M, Masuzaki R, Csizmadia E, Wu Y, Robson SC, Schuppan D. Sublethal heat treatment promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and enhances the malignant potential of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 2013; 58:1667-80. [PMID: 23729316 DOI: 10.1002/hep.26526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a potentially curative therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, incomplete RFA can induce accelerated invasive growth at the periphery. The mechanisms underlying the RFA-induced tumor promotion remain largely unexplored. Three human HCC cell lines were exposed to 45°C-55°C for 10 minutes, simulating the marginal zone of RFA treatment. At 5-12 days post-treatment cell proliferation, parameters of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases were analyzed. Livers from patients with viral hepatitis without and with HCC (n = 114) were examined to confirm the relevance of altered kinase patterns. In vivo tumorigenic potential of heat-treated versus untreated HCC cells was studied in nude mice. Heating to 55°C killed all HCC cells, whereas 65%-85% of cells survived 48°C-50°C, developing spindle-like morphology and expressing CD133, cytokeratin (CK)7, CK19, procollagen-α1(I), and Snail at day 5 after heat exposure, which returned to baseline at day 12. Heat-exposed HCC cells showed enhanced proliferation and prominent activation of p46-Shc (Src homology and collagen) and downstream extracellular signal-related kinase (Erk)1/2. In patients, Shc expression correlated with malignant potential and overall survival. Blocking Erk1/2 reduced proliferation and EMT-like changes of heat-treated HCC cells. Implantation of heat-exposed HEPG2 cells into nude mice induced significantly larger, more aggressive tumors than untreated cells. CONCLUSIONS Sublethal heat treatment skews HCC cells toward EMT and transforms them to a progenitor-like, highly proliferative cellular phenotype in vitro and in vivo, which is driven significantly by p46Shc-Erk1/2. Suboptimal RFA accelerates HCC growth and spread by transiently inducing an EMT-like, more aggressive cellular phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Yoshida
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Abstract
The apelin receptor (APJ; gene symbol APLNR) is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor gene family. Neural gene expression patterns of APJ, and its cognate ligand apelin, in the brain implicate the apelinergic system in the regulation of a number of physiological processes. APJ and apelin are highly expressed in the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system, which regulates fluid homeostasis, in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which controls the neuroendocrine response to stress, and in the forebrain and lower brainstem regions, which are involved in cardiovascular function. Recently, apelin, synthesised and secreted by adipocytes, has been described as a beneficial adipokine related to obesity, and there is growing awareness of a potential role for apelin and APJ in glucose and energy metabolism. In this review we provide a comprehensive overview of the structure, expression pattern and regulation of apelin and its receptor, as well as the main second messengers and signalling proteins activated by apelin. We also highlight the physiological and pathological roles that support this system as a novel therapeutic target for pharmacological intervention in treating conditions related to altered water balance, stress-induced disorders such as anxiety and depression, and cardiovascular and metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie O'Carroll
- Henry Wellcome Laboratories for Integrative Neuroscience and Endocrinology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol BS1 3NY, UK
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Xu YB, Du QH, Zhang MY, Yun P, He CY. Propofol suppresses proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis by down-regulating ERK-VEGF/MMP-9 signaling in Eca-109 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2013; 17:2486-2494. [PMID: 24089228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol), one of the most commonly used intravenous anaesthetic agents during cancer resection surgery, has been reported to have the ability of influencing the invasion of human cancer cells. However, the mechanisms are not very clear. In this study, we investigated the effects of propofol on the proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis of human Eca-109 cells, and explored the mechanism. METHODS The human Eca-109 cells was treated with propofol at the concentrations of 10-100 µmol/L for 72 hours or at the concentration of 100 µmol for 8-72 hours. Cell viability was determined by the MTT assay; the effect of propofol on apoptosis by 5'-triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. The effect of propofol on angiogenesis was determined by the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) angiogenesis assay. The effect of propofol on cell invasion using a modified Matrigel Boyden chamber assay. ERK1/2, MMP-9 and VEGF leves was detected by western blotting assay. RESULTS In human Eca-109 cells, propofol significantly promoted cell apoptosis and inhibited proliferation in a dose and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, propofol inhibited dose and time-dependent invasion and angiogenesis. Propofol significantly dose and time-dependently down-regulated gene expression and protein production of ERK/pERK, VEGF and MMP-9. The functional effects and MMP-9/VEGF inhibition were shown to be dependent on the ERK/VEGF and ERK/MMP-9 signaling pathways. It was noteworthy that the ERK activator (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate [PMA]) treatment increased the MMP-9/VEGF levels after propofol treatment, and led to significant increase of proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that propofol inhibited proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis of human Eca-109 cells in vitro through modulation of ERK-VEGF /MMP-9 signaling. Propofol not only can be an anesthesia agent which reduces pain but plays an important role of inhibiting the migration and angiogenesis of ESCC cells in the therapy of ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-B Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Provincial-Owned Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
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Heiser JH, Schuwald AM, Sillani G, Ye L, Müller WE, Leuner K. TRPC6 channel-mediated neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells and hippocampal neurons involves activation of RAS/MEK/ERK, PI3K, and CAMKIV signaling. J Neurochem 2013; 127:303-13. [PMID: 23875811 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The non-selective cationic transient receptor canonical 6 (TRPC6) channels are involved in synaptic plasticity changes ranging from dendritic growth, spine morphology changes and increase in excitatory synapses. We previously showed that the TRPC6 activator hyperforin, the active antidepressant component of St. John's wort, induces neuritic outgrowth and spine morphology changes in PC12 cells and hippocampal CA1 neurons. However, the signaling cascade that transmits the hyperforin-induced transient rise in intracellular calcium into neuritic outgrowth is not yet fully understood. Several signaling pathways are involved in calcium transient-mediated changes in synaptic plasticity, ranging from calmodulin-mediated Ras-induced signaling cascades comprising the mitogen-activated protein kinase, PI3K signal transduction pathways as well as Ca(2+) /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CAMKII) and CAMKIV. We show that several mechanisms are involved in TRPC6-mediated synaptic plasticity changes in PC12 cells and primary hippocampal neurons. Influx of calcium via TRPC6 channels activates different pathways including Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinases, phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B, and CAMKIV in both cell types, leading to cAMP-response element binding protein phosphorylation. These findings are interesting not only in terms of the downstream targets of TRPC6 channels but also because of their potential to facilitate further understanding of St. John's wort extract-mediated antidepressant activity. Alterations in synaptic plasticity are considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis of depression. Beside several other proteins, TRPC6 channels regulate synaptic plasticity. This study demonstrates that different pathways including Ras/MEK/ERK, PI3K/Akt, and CAMKIV are involved in the improvement of synaptic plasticity by the TRPC6 activator hyperforin, the antidepressant active constituent of St. John's wort extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanine H Heiser
- Institute of Pharmacology, Biocenter Niederursel, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Gonzalez-Ramos M, de Frutos S, Griera M, Luengo A, Olmos G, Rodriguez-Puyol D, Calleros L, Rodriguez-Puyol M. Integrin-linked kinase mediates the hydrogen peroxide-dependent transforming growth factor-β1 up-regulation. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 61:416-27. [PMID: 23624332 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Revised: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor type-β1 (TGF-β1) has been recognized as a central mediator in many pathological events related to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins accumulation, where their locally increased expression has been implicated in the fibrosis process of numerous organs, including glomerular fibrosis in the kidney. We and others have reported the TGF-β1 synthesis regulation by reactive oxygen species (ROS), and moreover we also described the implication of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) in the AP-1-dependent TGF-β1 up-regulation. Thus, we propose here that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-dependent TGF-β1 regulation may be mediated by ILK activation. First we confirmed the increase in TGF-β1 expression in human mesangial cells (HMC) after treatment with H2O2 or with an alternative H2O2-generating system such as the glucose-oxidase enzyme (GOX). By using immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, and ELISA techniques, we demonstrate that extracellular H2O2 up-regulates TGF-β1 transcription, as well as increases TGF-β1 promoter activity. Furthermore, catalase-decreased intracellular H2O2 abolished TGF-β1 up-regulation. The use of pharmacological inhibitors as well as knockdown of ILK with small interfering RNA (siRNA) demonstrated the implication of a PI3K/ILK/AKT/ERK MAPK signaling pathway axis in the H2O2-induced TGF-β1 overexpression. Finally, we explored the physiological relevance of these findings by treating HMC with angiotensin II, a known stimuli of H2O2 synthesis. Our results confirm the relevance of previous findings after a more physiological stimulus. In summary, our results provide evidence that ILK activity changes may act as a mechanism in response to different stimuli such as H2O2 in the induced TGF-β1 up-regulation in pathological or even physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gonzalez-Ramos
- Department of Physiology, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain; IRSIN, Madrid, Spain; RedInRen (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
| | - S de Frutos
- Department of Physiology, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain; IRSIN, Madrid, Spain; RedInRen (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Griera
- IRSIN, Madrid, Spain; RedInRen (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain; Biomedical Research Unit Foundation, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Luengo
- Department of Physiology, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain; IRSIN, Madrid, Spain; RedInRen (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
| | - G Olmos
- Department of Physiology, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain; IRSIN, Madrid, Spain; RedInRen (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
| | - D Rodriguez-Puyol
- IRSIN, Madrid, Spain; RedInRen (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain; Nephrology Section, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Calleros
- Department of Physiology, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain; IRSIN, Madrid, Spain; RedInRen (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain.
| | - M Rodriguez-Puyol
- Department of Physiology, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain; IRSIN, Madrid, Spain; RedInRen (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
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Lau KHW, Baylink DJ, Zhou XD, Rodriguez D, Bonewald LF, Li Z, Ruffoni D, Müller R, Kesavan C, Sheng MHC. Osteocyte-derived insulin-like growth factor I is essential for determining bone mechanosensitivity. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2013; 305:E271-81. [PMID: 23715728 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00092.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study sought to determine whether deficient Igf1 expression in osteocytes would affect loading-induced osteogenic response. Tibias of osteocyte Igf1 conditional knockout (KO) mice (generated by cross-breeding Igf1 floxed mice with Dmp1-Cre transgenic mice) and wild-type (WT) littermates were subjected to four-point bending for 2 wk. Microcomputed tomography confirmed that the size of tibias of conditional mutants was smaller. Loading with an equivalent loading strain increased periosteal woven bone and endosteal lamellar bone formation in WT mice but not in conditional KO mice. Consistent with the lack of an osteogenic response, the loading failed to upregulate expression of early mechanoresponsive genes (Igf1, Cox-2, c-fos) or osteogenic genes (Cbfa-1, and osteocalcin) in conditional KO bones. The lack of osteogenic response was not due to reduced osteocyte density or insufficient loading strain. Deficient osteocyte Igf1 expression reduced the loading-induced upregulation of expression of canonical Wnt signaling genes (Wnt10b, Lrp5, Dkk1, sFrp2). The loading also reduced (by 40%) Sost expression in WT mice, but the loading not only did not reduce but upregulated (~1.5-fold) Sost expression in conditional KO mice. Conditional disruption of Igf1 in osteocytes also abolished the loading-induced increase in the bone β-catenin protein level. These findings suggest an impaired response in the loading-induced upregulation of the Wnt signaling in conditional KO mice. In summary, conditional disruption of Igf1 in osteocytes abolished the loading-induced activation of the Wnt signaling and the corresponding osteogenic response. In conclusion, osteocyte-derived IGF-I plays a key determining role in bone mechanosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-H William Lau
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
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