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Lewis RJ, Marstein KE, Grytnes JA. Incentivising open ecological data using blockchain technology. Sci Data 2023; 10:591. [PMID: 37679374 PMCID: PMC10485047 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02496-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Robert John Lewis
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Bergen, Norway.
- Norwegian Institute for Bio-economy Research, Bergen, Norway.
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2
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Cheeseman T, Southerland K, Acebes JM, Audley K, Barlow J, Bejder L, Birdsall C, Bradford AL, Byington JK, Calambokidis J, Cartwright R, Cedarleaf J, Chavez AJG, Currie JJ, De Weerdt J, Doe N, Doniol-Valcroze T, Dracott K, Filatova O, Finn R, Flynn K, Ford JKB, Frisch-Jordán A, Gabriele CM, Goodwin B, Hayslip C, Hildering J, Hill MC, Jacobsen JK, Jiménez-López ME, Jones M, Kobayashi N, Lyman E, Malleson M, Mamaev E, Martínez Loustalot P, Masterman A, Matkin C, McMillan CJ, Moore JE, Moran JR, Neilson JL, Newell H, Okabe H, Olio M, Pack AA, Palacios DM, Pearson HC, Quintana-Rizzo E, Ramírez Barragán RF, Ransome N, Rosales-Nanduca H, Sharpe F, Shaw T, Stack SH, Staniland I, Straley J, Szabo A, Teerlink S, Titova O, Urban R J, van Aswegen M, de Morais MV, von Ziegesar O, Witteveen B, Wray J, Yano KM, Zwiefelhofer D, Clapham P. A collaborative and near-comprehensive North Pacific humpback whale photo-ID dataset. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10237. [PMID: 37353581 PMCID: PMC10290149 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36928-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
We present an ocean-basin-scale dataset that includes tail fluke photographic identification (photo-ID) and encounter data for most living individual humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the North Pacific Ocean. The dataset was built through a broad collaboration combining 39 separate curated photo-ID catalogs, supplemented with community science data. Data from throughout the North Pacific were aggregated into 13 regions, including six breeding regions, six feeding regions, and one migratory corridor. All images were compared with minimal pre-processing using a recently developed image recognition algorithm based on machine learning through artificial intelligence; this system is capable of rapidly detecting matches between individuals with an estimated 97-99% accuracy. For the 2001-2021 study period, a total of 27,956 unique individuals were documented in 157,350 encounters. Each individual was encountered, on average, in 5.6 sampling periods (i.e., breeding and feeding seasons), with an annual average of 87% of whales encountered in more than one season. The combined dataset and image recognition tool represents a living and accessible resource for collaborative, basin-wide studies of a keystone marine mammal in a time of rapid ecological change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ted Cheeseman
- Happywhale, Santa Cruz, California, USA.
- Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia.
| | | | | | | | - Jay Barlow
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Lars Bejder
- Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Kaneohe, Hawai'i, USA
| | - Caitlin Birdsall
- Marine Education and Research Society, Port McNeill, British Columbia, Canada
- Ocean Wise, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amanda L Bradford
- NOAA Fisheries Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Honolulu, Hawai'i, USA
| | - Josie K Byington
- Pacific Wildlife Foundation, Port Moody, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nicole Doe
- Marine Education and Research Society, Port McNeill, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Karina Dracott
- Ocean Wise, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- North Coast Cetacean Society, Hartley Bay, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Rachel Finn
- NOAA Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary, Kihei, Maui, Hawaii, USA
| | | | - John K B Ford
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Christine M Gabriele
- Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Gustavus, Alaska, USA
- Hawai'i Marine Mammal Consortium, Kamuela, Hawai'i, USA
| | - Beth Goodwin
- Eye of the Whale Marine Mammal Research, Kamuela, Hawai'i, USA
| | - Craig Hayslip
- Marine Mammal Institute, Oregon State University, Newport, Oregon, USA
| | - Jackie Hildering
- Marine Education and Research Society, Port McNeill, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marie C Hill
- NOAA Fisheries Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Honolulu, Hawai'i, USA
- Cooperative Institution of Marine and Atmospheric Research, Research Corporation of the University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, Hawai'i, USA
| | | | - M Esther Jiménez-López
- Departamento Académico de Ingeniería en Pesquerías, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México
| | | | | | - Edward Lyman
- NOAA Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary, Kihei, Maui, Hawaii, USA
| | - Mark Malleson
- Humpback Whales of the Salish Sea, Duncan, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Evgeny Mamaev
- Commander Islands National Park, Kamchatka Krai, Russian Federation
| | | | | | | | - Christie J McMillan
- Marine Education and Research Society, Port McNeill, British Columbia, Canada
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jeff E Moore
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, San Diego, California, USA
| | - John R Moran
- NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Juneau, Alaska, USA
| | - Janet L Neilson
- Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Gustavus, Alaska, USA
| | | | - Haruna Okabe
- Okinawa Churashima Foundation, Kunigami-gun, Japan
| | | | - Adam A Pack
- University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, Hawai'i, USA
- The Dolphin Institute, Hilo, Hawai'i, USA
| | - Daniel M Palacios
- Marine Mammal Institute, Oregon State University, Newport, Oregon, USA
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Oregon State University, Newport, Oregon, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Hiram Rosales-Nanduca
- Departamento Académico de Ingeniería en Pesquerías, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México
| | - Fred Sharpe
- Alaska Whale Foundation, Petersburg, Alaska, USA
| | - Tasli Shaw
- Humpback Whales of the Salish Sea, Duncan, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | - Jan Straley
- University of Alaska Southeast, Juneau, Alaska, USA
| | - Andrew Szabo
- Alaska Whale Foundation, Petersburg, Alaska, USA
| | - Suzie Teerlink
- NOAA Fisheries Alaska Regional Office, Juneau, Alaska, USA
| | - Olga Titova
- Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Jorge Urban R
- Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, La Paz, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | - Janie Wray
- North Coast Cetacean Society, Hartley Bay, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kymberly M Yano
- NOAA Fisheries Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Honolulu, Hawai'i, USA
- Cooperative Institution of Marine and Atmospheric Research, Research Corporation of the University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, Hawai'i, USA
| | | | - Phil Clapham
- Seastar Scientific, Vashon Island, Washington, USA
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3
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Aslam M, Naeem F, Seher R, Zubair Shabbir M, Shehzad W, Imran M. Effect of storage temperature and duration on direct PCR amplification of various feather types and DBS matrices. Gene 2023; 854:147116. [PMID: 36526120 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.147116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The use of direct PCR has been pioneered over the last decade for DNA analysis of biological specimens of distinct origins. The information on how longer these specimens can be stored and amplified by direct PCR is however scanty. Such a piece of information could expedite research and diagnostic studies without compromising the reliability of results. The current study was therefore designed to analyze the effect of storage temperature and duration on direct PCR amplification of biological specimens having either low quantity or high quantity of DNA. Whole blood, dried blood spots (DBS), and feathers from chicken were stored for five years at three different temperatures, viz. room temperature (∼25 °C), 4 °C, and -20 °C. These samples were subjected to crude DNA extraction by diluting them in PBS buffer and heating at 98 °C after 1 day, 7 days, 15 days, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 3 years and 5 years of storage. The crude DNA was PCR-amplified with the use of DNA sexing primers as well as DNA barcoding primers. Incubation at 98 °C for 10 min of any type of sample in PBS buffer was sufficient for crude DNA extraction. There was irrelevant impact of feather type, DBS matrix nature and storage temperature on amplification success over the period of analysis. It was possible to successfully accomplish the amplification of 96 samples with the use of routine PCR reagents within 3.5-6.0 hrs. In short, economical and fast genetic analysis of commonly used avian samples is feasible after their storage for longer time at room temperature.
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4
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Genovart M, Klementisová K, Oro D, Fernández-López P, Bertolero A, Bartumeus F. Inferring the age of breeders from easily measurable variables. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15851. [PMID: 36151237 PMCID: PMC9508115 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19381-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Age drives differences in fitness components typically due to lower performances of younger and senescent individuals, and changes in breeding age structure influence population dynamics and persistence. However, determining age and age structure is challenging in most species, where distinctive age features are lacking and available methods require substantial efforts or invasive procedures. Here we explore the potential to assess the age of breeders, or at least to identify young and senescent individuals, by measuring some breeding parameters partially driven by age (e.g. egg volume in birds). Taking advantage of a long-term population monitored seabird, we first assessed whether age influenced egg volume, and identified other factors driving this trait by using general linear models. Secondly, we developed and evaluated a machine learning algorithm to assess the age of breeders using measurable variables. We confirmed that both younger and older individuals performed worse (less and smaller eggs) than middle-aged individuals. Our ensemble training algorithm was only able to distinguish young individuals, but not senescent breeders. We propose to test the combined use of field monitoring, classic regression analysis and machine learning methods in other wild populations were measurable breeding parameters are partially driven by age, as a possible tool for assessing age structure in the wild.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meritxell Genovart
- CEAB (CSIC), Carrer Accés Cala Sant Francesc, 14, 17300, Blanes, Catalonia, Spain. .,IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Miquel Marquès 21, 07190, Esporles, Balearic Islands, Spain.
| | | | - Daniel Oro
- CEAB (CSIC), Carrer Accés Cala Sant Francesc, 14, 17300, Blanes, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Pol Fernández-López
- CEAB (CSIC), Carrer Accés Cala Sant Francesc, 14, 17300, Blanes, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Albert Bertolero
- Associació Ornitològica Picampall de les Terres de l'Ebre, Amposta, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Frederic Bartumeus
- CEAB (CSIC), Carrer Accés Cala Sant Francesc, 14, 17300, Blanes, Catalonia, Spain.,CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,ICREA, Passeig Lluis Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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5
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Di Lecce I, Sudyka J, Westneat DF, Szulkin M. Preserving avian blood and
DNA
sampled in the wild: A survey of personal experiences. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9232. [PMID: 36052299 PMCID: PMC9424668 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Collecting and storing biological material from wild animals in a way that does not deteriorate DNA quality for subsequent analyses is instrumental for research in ecology and evolution. Our aims were to gather reports on the effectiveness of methods commonly used by researchers for the field collection and long‐term storage of blood samples and DNA extracts from wild birds. Personal experiences were collected with an online survey targeted specifically at researchers sampling wild birds. Many researchers experienced problems with blood sample storage but not with DNA extract storage. Storage issues generated problems with obtaining adequate DNA quality and sufficient DNA quantity for the targeted molecular analyses but were not related to season of blood sampling, access to equipment, transporting samples, temperature, and method of blood storage. Final DNA quality and quantity were also not affected by storage time before DNA extraction or the methods used to extract DNA. We discuss practical aspects of field collection and storage and provide some general recommendations, with a list of pros and cons of different preservation methods of avian blood samples and DNA extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Di Lecce
- Centre of New TechnologiesUniversity of WarsawWarsawPoland
| | - Joanna Sudyka
- Institute of Environmental SciencesJagiellonian UniversityKrakówPoland
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life SciencesUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Marta Szulkin
- Centre of New TechnologiesUniversity of WarsawWarsawPoland
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Liggins L, Arranz V, Braid HE, Carmelet-Rescan D, Elleouet J, Egorova E, Gemmell MR, Hills SFK, Holland LP, Koot EM, Lischka A, Maxwell KH, McCartney LJ, Nguyen HTT, Noble C, Olmedo Rojas P, Parvizi E, Pearman WS, Sweatman JAN, Kaihoro TR, Walton K, Aguirre JD, Stewart LC. The future of molecular ecology in Aotearoa New Zealand: an early career perspective. J R Soc N Z 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/03036758.2022.2097709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Libby Liggins
- School of Natural Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Vanessa Arranz
- School of Natural Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Heather E. Braid
- AUT Lab for Cephalopod Ecology and Systematics, School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Ekaterina Egorova
- Massey Geoinformatics Collaboratory, School of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Michael R. Gemmell
- Plant Health and Environment Lab, Ministry for Primary Industries, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Simon F. K. Hills
- Ngāti Porou
- School of Natural Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | | | - Emily M. Koot
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Alexandra Lischka
- AUT Lab for Cephalopod Ecology and Systematics, School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kimberley H. Maxwell
- Ngāti Porou
- Te Whakatōhea, Te Whānau-a-Apanui, Ngāitai, Ngāti Tūwharetoa
- Te Kōtahi Research Institute, Faculty of Māori and Indigenous Studies, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | | | - Hang T. T. Nguyen
- Faculty of Fisheries, University of Agriculture and Forestry, Hue University, Vietnam
| | - Cory Noble
- School of Natural Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Elahe Parvizi
- School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | - Kerry Walton
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - J. David Aguirre
- School of Natural Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
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7
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Roche DG, Berberi I, Dhane F, Lauzon F, Soeharjono S, Dakin R, Binning SA. Slow improvement to the archiving quality of open datasets shared by researchers in ecology and evolution. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20212780. [PMID: 35582791 PMCID: PMC9114975 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.2780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Many leading journals in ecology and evolution now mandate open data upon publication. Yet, there is very little oversight to ensure the completeness and reusability of archived datasets, and we currently have a poor understanding of the factors associated with high-quality data sharing. We assessed 362 open datasets linked to first- or senior-authored papers published by 100 principal investigators (PIs) in the fields of ecology and evolution over a period of 7 years to identify predictors of data completeness and reusability (data archiving quality). Datasets scored low on these metrics: 56.4% were complete and 45.9% were reusable. Data reusability, but not completeness, was slightly higher for more recently archived datasets and PIs with less seniority. Journal open data policy, PI gender and PI corresponding author status were unrelated to data archiving quality. However, PI identity explained a large proportion of the variance in data completeness (27.8%) and reusability (22.0%), indicating consistent inter-individual differences in data sharing practices by PIs across time and contexts. Several PIs consistently shared data of either high or low archiving quality, but most PIs were inconsistent in how well they shared. One explanation for the high intra-individual variation we observed is that PIs often conduct research through students and postdoctoral researchers, who may be responsible for the data collection, curation and archiving. Levels of data literacy vary among trainees and PIs may not regularly perform quality control over archived files. Our findings suggest that research data management training and culture within a PI's group are likely to be more important determinants of data archiving quality than other factors such as a journal's open data policy. Greater incentives and training for individual researchers at all career stages could improve data sharing practices and enhance data transparency and reusability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique G. Roche
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1S 5B6,Département de science biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada H3C 3J7,Institut de Biologie, Université de Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel 2000, Switzerland
| | - Ilias Berberi
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1S 5B6
| | - Fares Dhane
- Département de science biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Félix Lauzon
- Département de science biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada H3C 3J7,Department of Biology, McGill University, Montréal, Canada H3A 1B1
| | - Sandrine Soeharjono
- Département de science biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Roslyn Dakin
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1S 5B6
| | - Sandra A. Binning
- Département de science biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada H3C 3J7
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Jäckel D, Mortega KG, Brockmeyer U, Lehmann GUC, Voigt-Heucke SL. Unravelling the Stability of Nightingale Song Over Time and Space Using Open, Citizen Science and Shared Data. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.778610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Open science approaches enable and facilitate the investigation of many scientific questions in bioacoustics, such as studies on the temporal and spatial evolution of song, as in vocal dialects. In contrast to previous dialect studies, which mostly focused on songbird species with a small repertoire, here we studied the common nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos), a bird species with a complex and large repertoire. To study dialects on the population level in this species, we used recordings from four datasets: an open museum archive, a citizen science platform, a citizen science project, and shared recordings from academic researchers. We conducted to the date largest temporal and geographic dialect study of birdsong including recordings from 1930 to 2019 and from 13 European countries, with a geographical coverage of 2,652 km of linear distance. To examine temporal stability and spatial dialects, a catalog of 1,868 song types of common nightingales was created. Instead of dialects, we found a high degree of stability over time and space in both, the sub-categories of song and in the occurrence of song types. For example, the second most common song type in our datasets occurred over nine decades and across Europe. In our case study, open and citizen science data proved to be equivalent, and in some cases even better, than data shared by an academic research group. Based on our results, we conclude that the combination of diverse and open datasets was particularly useful to study the evolution of song in a bird species with a large repertoire.
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Abstract
Presence-only biodiversity data are increasingly relied on in biodiversity, ecology, and conservation research, driven by growing digital infrastructures that support open data sharing and reuse. Recent reviews of open biodiversity data have clearly documented the value of data sharing, but the extent to which the biodiversity research community has adopted open data practices remains unclear. We address this question by reviewing applications of presence-only primary biodiversity data, drawn from a variety of sources beyond open databases, in the indexed literature. We characterize how frequently researchers access open data relative to data from other sources, how often they share newly generated or collated data, and trends in metadata documentation and data citation. Our results indicate that biodiversity research commonly relies on presence-only data that are not openly available and neglects to make such data available. Improved data sharing and documentation will increase the value, reusability, and reproducibility of biodiversity research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin P Mandeville
- Department of Natural History, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Wouter Koch
- Department of Natural History, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Erlend B Nilsen
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Steinkjer, Norway
| | - Anders G Finstad
- Department of Natural History, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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10
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Hood ASC, Sutherland WJ. The data-index: An author-level metric that values impactful data and incentivizes data sharing. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:14344-14350. [PMID: 34765110 PMCID: PMC8571609 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Author-level metrics are a widely used measure of scientific success. The h-index and its variants measure publication output (number of publications) and research impact (number of citations). They are often used to influence decisions, such as allocating funding or jobs. Here, we argue that the emphasis on publication output and impact hinders scientific progress in the fields of ecology and evolution because it disincentivizes two fundamental practices: generating impactful (and therefore often long-term) datasets and sharing data. We describe a new author-level metric, the data-index, which values both dataset output (number of datasets) and impact (number of data-index citations), so promotes generating and sharing data as a result. We discuss how it could be implemented and provide user guidelines. The data-index is designed to complement other metrics of scientific success, as scientific contributions are diverse and our value system should reflect that both for the benefit of scientific progress and to create a value system that is more equitable, diverse, and inclusive. Future work should focus on promoting other scientific contributions, such as communicating science, informing policy, mentoring other scientists, and providing open-access code and tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia S. C. Hood
- Conservation Science Group, Department of ZoologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - William J. Sutherland
- Conservation Science Group, Department of ZoologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Biosecurity Research Initiative at St Catharine's (BioRISC), St Catharine's CollegeUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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11
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Abstract
The current and future consequences of anthropogenic impacts such as climate change and habitat loss on ecosystems will be better understood and therefore addressed if diverse ecological data from multiple environmental contexts are more effectively shared. Re-use requires that data are readily available to the scientific scrutiny of the research community. A number of repositories to store shared data have emerged in different ecological domains and developments are underway to define common data and metadata standards. Nevertheless, the goal is far from being achieved and many challenges still need to be addressed. The definition of best practices for data sharing and re-use can benefit from the experience accumulated by pilot collaborative projects. The Euromammals bottom-up initiative has pioneered collaborative science in spatial animal ecology since 2007. It involves more than 150 institutes to address scientific, management and conservation questions regarding terrestrial mammal species in Europe using data stored in a shared database. In this manuscript we present some key lessons that we have learnt from the process of making shared data and knowledge accessible to researchers and we stress the importance of data management for data quality assurance. We suggest putting in place a pro-active data review before data are made available in shared repositories via robust technical support and users’ training in data management and standards. We recommend pursuing the definition of common data collection protocols, data and metadata standards, and shared vocabularies with direct involvement of the community to boost their implementation. We stress the importance of knowledge sharing, in addition to data sharing. We show the crucial relevance of collaborative networking with pro-active involvement of data providers in all stages of the scientific process. Our main message is that for data-sharing collaborative efforts to obtain substantial and durable scientific returns, the goals should not only consist in the creation of e-infrastructures and software tools but primarily in the establishment of a network and community trust. This requires moderate investment, but over long-term horizons.
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Abstract
In Focus: Culina, A., Adriaensen, F., Bailey, L. D., et al. (2021) Connecting the data landscape of long-term ecological studies: The SPI-Birds data hub. Journal of Animal Ecology, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.13388. Long-term, individual-based datasets have been at the core of many key discoveries in ecology, and calls for the collection, curation and release of these kinds of ecological data are contributing to a flourishing open-data revolution in ecology. Birds, in particular, have been the focus of international research for decades, resulting in a number of uniquely long-term studies, but accessing these datasets has been historically challenging. Culina et al. (2021) introduce an online repository of individual-level, long-term bird records with ancillary data (e.g. genetics), which will enable key ecological questions to be answered on a global scale. As well as these opportunities, however, we argue that the ongoing open-data revolution comes with four key challenges relating to the (1) harmonisation of, (2) biases in, (3) expertise in and (4) communication of, open ecological data. Here, we discuss these challenges and how key efforts such as those by Culina et al. are using FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reproducible) principles to overcome them. The open-data revolution will undoubtedly reshape our understanding of ecology, but with it the ecological community has a responsibility to ensure this revolution is ethical and effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Salguero‐Gómez
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Max Planck Institute for Demographic ResearchRostockGermany
| | - John Jackson
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
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Minocher R, Atmaca S, Bavero C, McElreath R, Beheim B. Estimating the reproducibility of social learning research published between 1955 and 2018. R Soc Open Sci 2021; 8:210450. [PMID: 34540248 PMCID: PMC8441137 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.210450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Reproducibility is integral to science, but difficult to achieve. Previous research has quantified low rates of data availability and results reproducibility across the biological and behavioural sciences. Here, we surveyed 560 empirical publications, published between 1955 and 2018 in the social learning literature, a research topic that spans animal behaviour, behavioural ecology, cultural evolution and evolutionary psychology. Data were recoverable online or through direct data requests for 30% of this sample. Data recovery declines exponentially with time since publication, halving every 6 years, and up to every 9 years for human experimental data. When data for a publication can be recovered, we estimate a high probability of subsequent data usability (87%), analytical clarity (97%) and agreement of published results with reproduced findings (96%). This corresponds to an overall rate of recovering data and reproducing results of 23%, largely driven by the unavailability or incompleteness of data. We thus outline clear measures to improve the reproducibility of research on the ecology and evolution of social behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riana Minocher
- Department of Human Behaviour, Ecology and Culture, Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Silke Atmaca
- Department of Human Behaviour, Ecology and Culture, Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Claudia Bavero
- Department of Human Behaviour, Ecology and Culture, Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Richard McElreath
- Department of Human Behaviour, Ecology and Culture, Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bret Beheim
- Department of Human Behaviour, Ecology and Culture, Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
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Culina A, Adriaensen F, Bailey LD, Burgess MD, Charmantier A, Cole EF, Eeva T, Matthysen E, Nater CR, Sheldon BC, Sæther B, Vriend SJG, Zajkova Z, Adamík P, Aplin LM, Angulo E, Artemyev A, Barba E, Barišić S, Belda E, Bilgin CC, Bleu J, Both C, Bouwhuis S, Branston CJ, Broggi J, Burke T, Bushuev A, Camacho C, Campobello D, Canal D, Cantarero A, Caro SP, Cauchoix M, Chaine A, Cichoń M, Ćiković D, Cusimano CA, Deimel C, Dhondt AA, Dingemanse NJ, Doligez B, Dominoni DM, Doutrelant C, Drobniak SM, Dubiec A, Eens M, Einar Erikstad K, Espín S, Farine DR, Figuerola J, Kavak Gülbeyaz P, Grégoire A, Hartley IR, Hau M, Hegyi G, Hille S, Hinde CA, Holtmann B, Ilyina T, Isaksson C, Iserbyt A, Ivankina E, Kania W, Kempenaers B, Kerimov A, Komdeur J, Korsten P, Král M, Krist M, Lambrechts M, Lara CE, Leivits A, Liker A, Lodjak J, Mägi M, Mainwaring MC, Mänd R, Massa B, Massemin S, Martínez‐Padilla J, Mazgajski TD, Mennerat A, Moreno J, Mouchet A, Nakagawa S, Nilsson J, Nilsson JF, Cláudia Norte A, van Oers K, Orell M, Potti J, Quinn JL, Réale D, Kristin Reiertsen T, Rosivall B, Russell AF, Rytkönen S, Sánchez‐Virosta P, Santos ESA, Schroeder J, Senar JC, Seress G, Slagsvold T, Szulkin M, Teplitsky C, Tilgar V, Tolstoguzov A, Török J, Valcu M, Vatka E, Verhulst S, Watson H, Yuta T, Zamora‐Marín JM, Visser ME. Connecting the data landscape of long-term ecological studies: The SPI-Birds data hub. J Anim Ecol 2021; 90:2147-2160. [PMID: 33205462 PMCID: PMC8518542 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The integration and synthesis of the data in different areas of science is drastically slowed and hindered by a lack of standards and networking programmes. Long-term studies of individually marked animals are not an exception. These studies are especially important as instrumental for understanding evolutionary and ecological processes in the wild. Furthermore, their number and global distribution provides a unique opportunity to assess the generality of patterns and to address broad-scale global issues (e.g. climate change). To solve data integration issues and enable a new scale of ecological and evolutionary research based on long-term studies of birds, we have created the SPI-Birds Network and Database (www.spibirds.org)-a large-scale initiative that connects data from, and researchers working on, studies of wild populations of individually recognizable (usually ringed) birds. Within year and a half since the establishment, SPI-Birds has recruited over 120 members, and currently hosts data on almost 1.5 million individual birds collected in 80 populations over 2,000 cumulative years, and counting. SPI-Birds acts as a data hub and a catalogue of studied populations. It prevents data loss, secures easy data finding, use and integration and thus facilitates collaboration and synthesis. We provide community-derived data and meta-data standards and improve data integrity guided by the principles of Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable (FAIR), and aligned with the existing metadata languages (e.g. ecological meta-data language). The encouraging community involvement stems from SPI-Bird's decentralized approach: research groups retain full control over data use and their way of data management, while SPI-Birds creates tailored pipelines to convert each unique data format into a standard format. We outline the lessons learned, so that other communities (e.g. those working on other taxa) can adapt our successful model. Creating community-specific hubs (such as ours, COMADRE for animal demography, etc.) will aid much-needed large-scale ecological data integration.
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Abstract
Abstract
Open data facilitate reproducibility and accelerate scientific discovery but are hindered by perceptions that researchers bear costs and gain few benefits from publicly sharing their data, with limited empirical evidence to the contrary. We surveyed 140 faculty members working in ecology and evolution across Canada's top 20 ranked universities and found that more researchers report benefits (47.9%) and neutral outcomes (43.6%) than costs (21.4%) from openly sharing data. The benefits were independent of career stage and gender, but men and early career researchers were more likely to report costs. We outline mechanisms proposed by the study participants to reduce the individual costs and increase the benefits of open data for faculty members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Soeharjono
- Département de Science Biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Dominique G Roche
- Institut de Biologie, Université de Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
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Sirkiä PM, Qvarnström A. Adaptive coloration in pied flycatchers ( Ficedula hypoleuca)-The devil is in the detail. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:1501-1525. [PMID: 33613985 PMCID: PMC7882974 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the origin and persistence of phenotypic variation within and among populations is a major goal in evolutionary biology. However, the eagerness to find unadulterated explanatory models in combination with difficulties in publishing replicated studies may lead to severe underestimations of the complexity of selection patterns acting in nature. One striking example is variation in plumage coloration in birds, where the default adaptive explanation often is that brightly colored individuals signal superior quality across environmental conditions and therefore always should be favored by directional mate choice. Here, we review studies on the proximate determination and adaptive function of coloration traits in male pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca). From numerous studies, we can conclude that the dark male color phenotype is adapted to a typical northern climate and functions as a dominance signal in male-male competition over nesting sites, and that the browner phenotypes are favored by relaxed intraspecific competition with more dominant male collared flycatchers (Ficedula albicollis) in areas where the two species co-occur. However, the role of avoidance of hybridization in driving character displacement in plumage between these two species may not be as important as initially thought. The direction of female choice on male coloration in pied flycatchers is not simply as opposite in direction in sympatry and allopatry as traditionally expected, but varies also in relation to additional contexts such as climate variation. While some of the heterogeneity in the observed relationships between coloration and fitness probably indicate type 1 errors, we strongly argue that environmental heterogeneity and context-dependent selection play important roles in explaining plumage color variation in this species, which probably also is the case in many other species studied in less detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Päivi M. Sirkiä
- Finnish Museum of Natural HistoryZoology UnitUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- Department of Ecology and GeneticsAnimal EcologyUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Anna Qvarnström
- Department of Ecology and GeneticsAnimal EcologyUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
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Bakker TCM, Traniello JFA. Ensuring data access, transparency, and preservation: mandatory data deposition for Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-020-02910-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Walters WH. Data journals: incentivizing data access and documentation within the scholarly communication system. Insights the UKSG journal 2020. [DOI: 10.1629/uksg.510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Moe SJ, Nater CR, Rustadbakken A, Vøllestad LA, Lund E, Qvenild T, Hegge O, Aass P. Long-term mark-recapture and growth data for large-sized migratory brown trout ( Salmo trutta) from Lake Mjøsa, Norway. Biodivers Data J 2020; 8:e52157. [PMID: 32547304 PMCID: PMC7272476 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.8.e52157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long-term data from marked animals provide a wealth of opportunities for studies with high relevance to both basic ecological understanding and successful management in a changing world. The key strength of such data is that they allow us to quantify individual variation in vital rates (e.g. survival, growth, reproduction) and then link it mechanistically to dynamics at the population level. However, maintaining the collection of individual-based data over long time periods comes with large logistic efforts and costs and studies spanning over decades are therefore rare. This is the case particularly for migratory aquatic species, many of which are in decline despite their high ecological, cultural and economical value. New information This paper describes two unique publicly available time series of individual-based data originating from a 51-year mark-recapture study of a land-locked population of large-sized migratory brown trout (Salmotrutta) in Norway: the Hunder trout. In the period 1966-2015, nearly 14,000 adult Hunder trout have been captured and individually marked during their spawning migration from Lake Mjøsa to the river Gubrandsdalslågen. Almost a third of those individuals were later recaptured alive during a later spawning run and/or captured by fishermen and reported dead or alive. This has resulted in the first data series: a mark-recapture-recovery dataset spanning half a century and more than 18,000 capture records. The second data series consists of additional data on juvenile and adult growth and life-history schedules from half of the marked individuals, obtained by means of scale-sample analysis. The two datasets offer a rare long-term perspective on individuals and population dynamics and provide unique opportunities to gain insights into questions surrounding management, conservation and restoration of migratory salmonid populations and freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jannicke Moe
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA) Oslo Norway
| | - Chloé R Nater
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | | | - L Asbjørn Vøllestad
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Espen Lund
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA) Oslo Norway
| | - Tore Qvenild
- County Governor of Innlandet, Hamar, Norway County Governor of Innlandet Hamar Norway
| | - Ola Hegge
- County Governor of Innlandet, Lillehammer, Norway County Governor of Innlandet Lillehammer Norway
| | - Per Aass
- 4)Zoological Museum, The Natural History Museums and Botanical Garden, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway 4)Zoological Museum, The Natural History Museums and Botanical Garden, University of Oslo Oslo Norway
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Eberhart-Phillips LJ, Cruz-López M, Lozano-Angulo L, Del Ángel SG, Rojas-Abreu W, Bucio-Pacheco M, Küpper C. CeutaOPEN, individual-based field observations of breeding snowy plovers Charadrius nivosus. Sci Data 2020; 7:149. [PMID: 32433461 PMCID: PMC7239847 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-020-0490-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Shorebirds (part of the order Charadriiformes) have a global distribution and exhibit remarkable variation in ecological and behavioural traits that are pertinent to many core questions in the fields of evolutionary ecology and conservation biology. Shorebirds are also relatively convenient to study in the wild as they are ground nesting and often occupy open habitats that are tractable to monitor. Here we present a database documenting the reproductive ecology of 1,647 individually marked snowy plovers (Charadrius nivosus) monitored between 2006 and 2016 at Bahía de Ceuta (23°54N, 106°57W) – an important breeding site in north-western Mexico. The database encompasses various morphological, behavioural, and fitness-related traits of males and females along with spatial and temporal population dynamics. This open resource will serve as an important data repository for addressing overarching questions in avian ecology and wetland conservation during an era of big data and global collaborative science. Measurement(s) | morphometric parameter • movement behavioral quality • offspring survival measurement • parental behavior • sexual interaction trait • social behavior | Technology Type(s) | fieldwork | Factor Type(s) | year of data collection • date of data collection • time of data collection • location of data collection • individual identity • sex of individual • family identity • nest initiation date • nest hatch date | Sample Characteristic - Organism | Charadrius nivosus | Sample Characteristic - Environment | saline pan • salt contaminated soil • intermittent saline evaporation pond • saline evaporation pond • saline marsh | Sample Characteristic - Location | Bahía de Ceuta, Sinaloa, Mexico |
Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12173511
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke J Eberhart-Phillips
- Research Group Behavioural Genetics and Evolutionary Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Eberhard-Gwinner-Str. 5, 82319, Seewiesen, Germany.
| | - Medardo Cruz-López
- Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Lydia Lozano-Angulo
- Naturaleza y Cultura Internacional, General Topete S/N, Col. Los Guayparines, 85760, Álamos, Mexico
| | - Salvador Gómez Del Ángel
- Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Wendoly Rojas-Abreu
- Laboratorio de Biología Evolutiva, Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Carretera Tlaxcala-Puebla Km. 1.5, 90070, Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - Marcos Bucio-Pacheco
- Departamento de Información y Bibliografia Especializada, Facultad de Biología, Escuela de Biologia, Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa, Culiacan, 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Clemens Küpper
- Research Group Behavioural Genetics and Evolutionary Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Eberhard-Gwinner-Str. 5, 82319, Seewiesen, Germany.
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Beaugelin-Seiller K, Della-Vedova C, Garnier-Laplace J. Is non-human species radiosensitivity in the lab a good indicator of that in the field? Making the comparison more robust. J Environ Radioact 2020; 211:105870. [PMID: 30578084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ecological risk assessment has globally become the basis for environmental decision-making within government and industry for chemical substances. Regarding radioactive substances, recently revised International and European Basic Safety Standards are pushing the development of member state policy on environmental regulation in the field of radiological protection. Within this framework, existing derived effect benchmarks for ionising radiation and non-human species need to be more robust to reinforce their credibility when used as levels of exposure considered to be safe for the environment. Actually, the derivation of such benchmarks has mainly relied on laboratory studies from a limited number of species. Moreover lab species would be apparently less radiosensitive than for example terrestrial wildlife chronically exposed to ionising radiation in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone. Additionally to the results of such comparison that still need to be confirmed, another way to challenge benchmarks is to improve the quality/quantity of radiotoxicity data constituting the basis for a statistically-based comparison. This is the major focus of this paper where we demonstrate through various examples how to make the comparison more robust (i) by analysing the discrepancy between lab and field at the taxonomic level rather than at the ecosystem level, (ii) by extending the knowledge base making use of acute radiotoxicity data, (iii) by identifying environmental factors modifying radiological dose-effect relationship in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claire Della-Vedova
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV, SRTE, Cadarache, France
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Abstract
Long-term studies have been crucial to the advancement of population biology, especially our understanding of population dynamics. We argue that this progress arises from three key characteristics of long-term research. First, long-term data are necessary to observe the heterogeneity that drives most population processes. Second, long-term studies often inherently lead to novel insights. Finally, long-term field studies can serve as model systems for population biology, allowing for theory and methods to be tested under well-characterized conditions. We illustrate these ideas in three long-term field systems that have made outsized contributions to our understanding of population ecology, evolution, and conservation biology. We then highlight three emerging areas to which long-term field studies are well positioned to contribute in the future: ecological forecasting, genomics, and macrosystems ecology. Overcoming the obstacles associated with maintaining long-term studies requires continued emphasis on recognizing the benefits of such studies to ensure that long-term research continues to have a substantial impact on elucidating population biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth A. Reinke
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - David A.W. Miller
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Fredric J. Janzen
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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Bouwhuis S. On the ecological insights provided by a long-term study on an even longer-lived bird. J Anim Ecol 2019; 87:891-892. [PMID: 29931771 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In Focus: Weimerskirch, H. (2018). Linking demographic processes and foraging ecology in wandering albatross-Conservation implications. Journal of Animal Ecology, 87, 945-955. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12817 Long-term individual-based studies are extremely valuable resources to study how life histories are shaped by selection on between-individual variation in the acquisition and allocation of resources. In this issue, Weimerskirch (2018) synthesises a 50-year study, uniquely including 20 years of individual-based movement tracking, of the majestic wandering albatross. The synthesis shows how variation in foraging distribution and efficiency in relation to sex and age is reflected in physiology, fitness and population dynamics, and how understanding of such patterns and processes can aid conservation efforts. It thereby exemplifies why long-term individual-based studies are especially productive and informative and require maintenance and safeguarding.
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Perez-Riverol Y, Zorin A, Dass G, Vu MT, Xu P, Glont M, Vizcaíno JA, Jarnuczak AF, Petryszak R, Ping P, Hermjakob H. Quantifying the impact of public omics data. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3512. [PMID: 31383865 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11461-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The amount of omics data in the public domain is increasing every year. Modern science has become a data-intensive discipline. Innovative solutions for data management, data sharing, and for discovering novel datasets are therefore increasingly required. In 2016, we released the first version of the Omics Discovery Index (OmicsDI) as a light-weight system to aggregate datasets across multiple public omics data resources. OmicsDI aggregates genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and multiomics datasets, as well as computational models of biological processes. Here, we propose a set of novel metrics to quantify the attention and impact of biomedical datasets. A complete framework (now integrated into OmicsDI) has been implemented in order to provide and evaluate those metrics. Finally, we propose a set of recommendations for authors, journals and data resources to promote an optimal quantification of the impact of datasets. Increasing amount of public omics data are important and valuable resources for the research community. Here, the authors develop a set of metrics to quantify the attention and impact of biomedical datasets and integrate them into the framework of Omics Discovery Index (OmicsDI).
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König C, Weigelt P, Schrader J, Taylor A, Kattge J, Kreft H. Biodiversity data integration-the significance of data resolution and domain. PLoS Biol 2019; 17:e3000183. [PMID: 30883539 PMCID: PMC6445469 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent years have seen an explosion in the availability of biodiversity data describing the distribution, function, and evolutionary history of life on earth. Integrating these heterogeneous data remains a challenge due to large variations in observational scales, collection purposes, and terminologies. Here, we conceptualize widely used biodiversity data types according to their domain (what aspect of biodiversity is described?) and informational resolution (how specific is the description?). Applying this framework to major data providers in biodiversity research reveals a strong focus on the disaggregated end of the data spectrum, whereas aggregated data types remain largely underutilized. We discuss the implications of this imbalance for the scope and representativeness of current macroecological research and highlight the synergies arising from a tighter integration of biodiversity data across domains and resolutions. We lay out effective strategies for data collection, mobilization, imputation, and sharing and summarize existing frameworks for scalable and integrative biodiversity research. Finally, we use two case studies to demonstrate how the explicit consideration of data domain and resolution helps to identify biases and gaps in global data sets and achieve unprecedented taxonomic and geographical data coverage in macroecological analyses. This Essay highlights data resolution as central property of biodiversity data that affects the precision and representativeness of macroecological inferences. It also discusses ways to maximize synergies among data types and showcases the potential of cross-resolution, cross-domain data integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian König
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Patrick Weigelt
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Julian Schrader
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Amanda Taylor
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Jens Kattge
- Research Group Functional Biogeography, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Holger Kreft
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use (CBL), University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
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Specht A, Bolton MP, Kingsford B, Specht RL, Belbin L. A story of data won, data lost and data re-found: the realities of ecological data preservation. Biodivers Data J 2018:e28073. [PMID: 30473618 PMCID: PMC6235994 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.6.e28073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper discusses the process of retrieval and updating legacy data to allow on-line discovery and delivery. There are many pitfalls of institutional and non-institutional ecological data conservation over the long term. Interruptions to custodianship, old media, lost knowledge and the continuous evolution of species names makes resurrection of old data challenging. We caution against technological arrogance and emphasise the importance of international standards. We use a case study of a compiled set of continent-wide vegetation survey data for which, although the analyses had been published, the raw data had not. In the original study, publications containing plot data collected from the 1880s onwards had been collected, interpreted, digitised and integrated for the classification of vegetation and analysis of its conservation status across Australia. These compiled data are an extremely valuable national collection that demanded publishing in open, readily accessible online repositories, such as the Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (http://www.tern.org.au) and the Atlas of Living Australia (ALA: http://www.ala.org.au), the Australian node of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF: http://www.gbif.org). It is hoped that the lessons learnt from this project may trigger a sober review of the value of endangered data, the cost of retrieval and the importance of suitable and timely archiving through the vicissitudes of technological change, so the initial unique collection investment enables multiple re-use in perpetuity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Specht
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia University of Queensland Brisbane Australia
| | - Matthew P Bolton
- Corymbia Ecospatial Consultants, Canberra, Australia Corymbia Ecospatial Consultants Canberra Australia
| | - Bryn Kingsford
- Structured Data, Canberra, Australia Structured Data Canberra Australia
| | - Raymond L Specht
- Emeritus Professor, Brisbane, Australia Emeritus Professor Brisbane Australia
| | - Lee Belbin
- Atlas of Living Australia, CSIRO, Canberra, Australia Atlas of Living Australia, CSIRO Canberra Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra Spence Cheruvelil
- Professor in Lyman Briggs College and the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife
- Conceptualization and writing of this article
| | - Patricia A Soranno
- Professor in the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, at Michigan State University, in East Lansing
- Conceptualization and writing of this article
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Nadal J, Ponz C, Margalida A. Reply to the comment on "Synchronizing biological cycles as key to survival under a scenario of global change: The Common quail (Coturnix coturnix) strategy" by Rodriguez-Teijeiro et al. Sci Total Environ 2018; 635:1558-1560. [PMID: 29685687 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Two methodological criticisms of our paper "Synchronizing biological cycles as key to survival under a scenario of global change: The Common quail (Coturnix coturnix) strategy" (Nadal et al., 2018) were proposed in the comment by Rodriguez-Teijeiro et al. (2018) regarding: 1) our estimates of the mean date of arrival, duration of stay and departure stages in the different regions studied; and 2) the analyses carried out to correlate the phenology of the species with changes in the climate variables. The conceptual model that we presented relates the dynamics of this quail population, which moves between short periods of stays, and the spatio-temporal structure of their geographic distribution data, in order to understand the ecology of these birds and to link their movement and residency patterns with geographical area and climate conditions. The probability that quail are resident in a region on any particular date is a result of their overall ecological strategy. We believe that Rodríguez-Teijeiro et al. (2018) have misunderstood our model, leading to their criticism of the statistical tests that we applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Nadal
- Department of Animal Science, Division of Wildlife, Faculty of Life Sciences and Engineering, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
| | - Carolina Ponz
- Department of Animal Science, Division of Wildlife, Faculty of Life Sciences and Engineering, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Antoni Margalida
- Department of Animal Science, Division of Wildlife, Faculty of Life Sciences and Engineering, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Division of Conservation Biology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Abstract
We surveyed 807 researchers (494 ecologists and 313 evolutionary biologists) about their use of Questionable Research Practices (QRPs), including cherry picking statistically significant results, p hacking, and hypothesising after the results are known (HARKing). We also asked them to estimate the proportion of their colleagues that use each of these QRPs. Several of the QRPs were prevalent within the ecology and evolution research community. Across the two groups, we found 64% of surveyed researchers reported they had at least once failed to report results because they were not statistically significant (cherry picking); 42% had collected more data after inspecting whether results were statistically significant (a form of p hacking) and 51% had reported an unexpected finding as though it had been hypothesised from the start (HARKing). Such practices have been directly implicated in the low rates of reproducible results uncovered by recent large scale replication studies in psychology and other disciplines. The rates of QRPs found in this study are comparable with the rates seen in psychology, indicating that the reproducibility problems discovered in psychology are also likely to be present in ecology and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Fraser
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Tim Parker
- Biology Department, Whitman College, Walla Walla, WA, United States of America
| | - Shinichi Nakagawa
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ashley Barnett
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Fiona Fidler
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- School of Historical and Philosophical Studies, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Ramakers JJC, Culina A, Visser ME, Gienapp P. Environmental coupling of heritability and selection is rare and of minor evolutionary significance in wild populations. Nat Ecol Evol 2018; 2:1093-1103. [PMID: 29915341 PMCID: PMC6027994 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-018-0577-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Predicting the rate of adaptation to environmental change in wild populations is important for understanding evolutionary change. However, predictions may be unreliable if the two key variables affecting the rate of evolutionary change-heritability and selection-are both affected by the same environmental variable. To determine how general such an environmentally induced coupling of heritability and selection is, and how this may influence the rate of adaptation, we made use of freely accessible, open data on pedigreed wild populations to answer this question at the broadest possible scale. Using 16 populations from 10 vertebrate species, which provided data on 50 traits (relating to body mass, morphology, physiology, behaviour and life history), we found evidence for an environmentally induced relationship between heritability and selection in only 6 cases, with weak evidence that this resulted in an increase or decrease in the expected selection response. We conclude that such a coupling of heritability and selection is unlikely to strongly affect evolutionary change, even though both heritability and selection are commonly postulated to be dependent on the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jip J C Ramakers
- Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Antica Culina
- Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel E Visser
- Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Phillip Gienapp
- Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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Pearce‐Higgins JW, Baillie SR, Boughey K, Bourn NAD, Foppen RPB, Gillings S, Gregory RD, Hunt T, Jiguet F, Lehikoinen A, Musgrove AJ, Robinson RA, Roy DB, Siriwardena GM, Walker KJ, Wilson JD. Overcoming the challenges of public data archiving for citizen science biodiversity recording and monitoring schemes. J Appl Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ruud P. B. Foppen
- Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Department of Animal Ecology and EcophysiologyRadboud University Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | | | - Richard D. Gregory
- RSPB Centre for Conservation ScienceThe Lodge Sandy UK
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and EnvironmentCentre for Biodiversity & Environment ResearchUniversity College London London UK
| | - Tom Hunt
- Association of Local Environmental Records Centres c/o NEYEDC York UK
| | - Frederic Jiguet
- Centre d’Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation UMR7204 MNHN‐CNRS‐Sorbonne Université Paris France
| | - Aleksi Lehikoinen
- Finnish Museum of Natural HistoryUniversity of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | | | | | - David B. Roy
- Biological Records CentreCentre for Ecology and Hydrology Wallingford UK
| | | | - Kevin J. Walker
- Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland (BSBI) Harrogate UK
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Renaut S, Budden AE, Gravel D, Poisot T, Peres-Neto P. Management, Archiving, and Sharing for Biologists and the Role of Research Institutions in the Technology-Oriented Age. Bioscience 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biy038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Renaut
- Département de Sciences Biologiques, Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science, Montréal, Canada
| | - Amber E Budden
- DataONE at the University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
- Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science, Montréal, Canada
| | - Dominique Gravel
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science, Montréal, Canada
| | - Timothée Poisot
- Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science, Montréal, Canada
| | - Pedro Peres-Neto
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science, Montréal, Canada
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Pujol B, Blanchet S, Charmantier A, Danchin E, Facon B, Marrot P, Roux F, Scotti I, Teplitsky C, Thomson CE, Winney I. The Missing Response to Selection in the Wild. Trends Ecol Evol 2018; 33:337-346. [PMID: 29628266 PMCID: PMC5937857 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Although there are many examples of contemporary directional selection, evidence for responses to selection that match predictions are often missing in quantitative genetic studies of wild populations. This is despite the presence of genetic variation and selection pressures – theoretical prerequisites for the response to selection. This conundrum can be explained by statistical issues with accurate parameter estimation, and by biological mechanisms that interfere with the response to selection. These biological mechanisms can accelerate or constrain this response. These mechanisms are generally studied independently but might act simultaneously. We therefore integrated these mechanisms to explore their potential combined effect. This has implications for explaining the apparent evolutionary stasis of wild populations and the conservation of wildlife. Recent discoveries at the intersection of quantitative genetics and evolutionary ecology are challenging our views on the potential of wild populations to respond to selection. Multiple biological mechanisms can disconnect genetic variation from the response to selection in the wild. We highlight areas for future research. We provide an integrative framework that can be used to qualitatively assess the combined influence of these mechanisms on the response to selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Pujol
- Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique (EDB UMR 5174), Université Fédérale de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, CNRS, IRD, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France; Groupement de Recherche de l'Institut Ecologie et Environnement 6448, Génétique Quantitative dans les Populations Naturelles (GQPN), c/o EDB, 31062 Toulouse, France.
| | - Simon Blanchet
- Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique (EDB UMR 5174), Université Fédérale de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, CNRS, IRD, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France; Station d'Ecologie Théorique Expérimentale (SETE), CNRS UMR 5321, Université Paul Sabatier, 09200 Moulis, France; Groupement de Recherche de l'Institut Ecologie et Environnement 6448, Génétique Quantitative dans les Populations Naturelles (GQPN), c/o EDB, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Charmantier
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), CNRS UMR 5175, 34293 Montpellier, France; Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, CP 888 Succursale Centre-Ville, H3P 3P8 QC, Canada; Groupement de Recherche de l'Institut Ecologie et Environnement 6448, Génétique Quantitative dans les Populations Naturelles (GQPN), c/o EDB, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Etienne Danchin
- Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique (EDB UMR 5174), Université Fédérale de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, CNRS, IRD, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France; Groupement de Recherche de l'Institut Ecologie et Environnement 6448, Génétique Quantitative dans les Populations Naturelles (GQPN), c/o EDB, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Benoit Facon
- UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical (PVBMT), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Saint Pierre, Réunion, France; Groupement de Recherche de l'Institut Ecologie et Environnement 6448, Génétique Quantitative dans les Populations Naturelles (GQPN), c/o EDB, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Pascal Marrot
- Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique (EDB UMR 5174), Université Fédérale de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, CNRS, IRD, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France; Groupement de Recherche de l'Institut Ecologie et Environnement 6448, Génétique Quantitative dans les Populations Naturelles (GQPN), c/o EDB, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Fabrice Roux
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), INRA, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; Groupement de Recherche de l'Institut Ecologie et Environnement 6448, Génétique Quantitative dans les Populations Naturelles (GQPN), c/o EDB, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Ivan Scotti
- INRA Unité de Recherche 0629 Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes, 84914 Avignon, France; Groupement de Recherche de l'Institut Ecologie et Environnement 6448, Génétique Quantitative dans les Populations Naturelles (GQPN), c/o EDB, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Céline Teplitsky
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), CNRS UMR 5175, 34293 Montpellier, France; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS UMR 7204 Centre d'Écologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO), 75005 Paris, France; Groupement de Recherche de l'Institut Ecologie et Environnement 6448, Génétique Quantitative dans les Populations Naturelles (GQPN), c/o EDB, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Caroline E Thomson
- Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique (EDB UMR 5174), Université Fédérale de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, CNRS, IRD, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France; Groupement de Recherche de l'Institut Ecologie et Environnement 6448, Génétique Quantitative dans les Populations Naturelles (GQPN), c/o EDB, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Isabel Winney
- Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique (EDB UMR 5174), Université Fédérale de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, CNRS, IRD, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France; Groupement de Recherche de l'Institut Ecologie et Environnement 6448, Génétique Quantitative dans les Populations Naturelles (GQPN), c/o EDB, 31062 Toulouse, France
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Culina A, Baglioni M, Crowther TW, Visser ME, Woutersen-Windhouwer S, Manghi P. Navigating the unfolding open data landscape in ecology and evolution. Nat Ecol Evol 2018; 2:420-426. [DOI: 10.1038/s41559-017-0458-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Dietze MC, Fox A, Beck-Johnson LM, Betancourt JL, Hooten MB, Jarnevich CS, Keitt TH, Kenney MA, Laney CM, Larsen LG, Loescher HW, Lunch CK, Pijanowski BC, Randerson JT, Read EK, Tredennick AT, Vargas R, Weathers KC, White EP. Iterative near-term ecological forecasting: Needs, opportunities, and challenges. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:1424-32. [PMID: 29382745 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1710231115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Two foundational questions about sustainability are "How are ecosystems and the services they provide going to change in the future?" and "How do human decisions affect these trajectories?" Answering these questions requires an ability to forecast ecological processes. Unfortunately, most ecological forecasts focus on centennial-scale climate responses, therefore neither meeting the needs of near-term (daily to decadal) environmental decision-making nor allowing comparison of specific, quantitative predictions to new observational data, one of the strongest tests of scientific theory. Near-term forecasts provide the opportunity to iteratively cycle between performing analyses and updating predictions in light of new evidence. This iterative process of gaining feedback, building experience, and correcting models and methods is critical for improving forecasts. Iterative, near-term forecasting will accelerate ecological research, make it more relevant to society, and inform sustainable decision-making under high uncertainty and adaptive management. Here, we identify the immediate scientific and societal needs, opportunities, and challenges for iterative near-term ecological forecasting. Over the past decade, data volume, variety, and accessibility have greatly increased, but challenges remain in interoperability, latency, and uncertainty quantification. Similarly, ecologists have made considerable advances in applying computational, informatic, and statistical methods, but opportunities exist for improving forecast-specific theory, methods, and cyberinfrastructure. Effective forecasting will also require changes in scientific training, culture, and institutions. The need to start forecasting is now; the time for making ecology more predictive is here, and learning by doing is the fastest route to drive the science forward.
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Lewis KP, Vander Wal E, Fifield DA. Wildlife biology, big data, and reproducible research: Reproducible Research. WILDLIFE SOC B 2018; 42:172-9. [DOI: 10.1002/wsb.847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Maberly SC, Ciar D, Elliott JA, Jones ID, Reynolds CS, Thackeray SJ, Winfield IJ. From Ecological Informatics to the Generation of Ecological Knowledge: Long-Term Research in the English Lake District. ECOL INFORM 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-59928-1_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Coulson
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxfordOX1 3PSUnited Kingdom
| | - Susanne Schindler
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of ZurichWinterthurer Str. 190CH‐8057ZurichSwitzerland
| | - Lochran Traill
- Research Centre in Evolutionary Anthropology and PalaeoecologyJohn Moores UniversityJames Parsons Building, Byrom StreetLiverpoolL3 3AFUnited Kingdom
| | - Bruce E. Kendall
- Bren School of Environmental Science & ManagementUniversity of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA93106‐5131USA
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44
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleo Bertelsmeier
- Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne Le Biophore 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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Ihle M, Winney IS, Krystalli A, Croucher M. Striving for transparent and credible research: practical guidelines for behavioral ecologists. Behav Ecol 2017; 28:348-354. [PMID: 29622916 PMCID: PMC5873838 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arx003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Science is meant to be the systematic and objective study of the world but evidence suggests that scientific practices are sometimes falling short of this expectation. In this invited idea, we argue that any failure to conduct research according to a documented plan (lack of reliability) and/or any failure to ensure that reconducting the same project would provide the same finding (lack of reproducibility), will result in a low probability of independent studies reaching the same outcome (lack of replicability). After outlining the challenges facing behavioral ecology and science more broadly and incorporating advice from international organizations such as the Center for Open Science (COS), we present clear guidelines and tutorials on what we think open practices represent for behavioral ecologists. In addition, we indicate some of the currently most appropriate and freely available tools for adopting these practices. Finally, we suggest that all journals in our field, such as Behavioral Ecology, give additional weight to transparent studies and therefore provide greater incentives to align our scientific practices to our scientific values. Overall, we argue that producing demonstrably credible science is now fully achievable for the benefit of each researcher individually and for our community as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malika Ihle
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, Alfred Denny Building, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Isabel S Winney
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, Alfred Denny Building, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Eberhard-Gwinner-Strasse, 82319 Seewiesen, Germany
- Evolution & Diversité Biologique, Bâtiment 4R1, Université de Toulouse Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France, and
| | - Anna Krystalli
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, Alfred Denny Building, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Michael Croucher
- Department of Computer Science, Regent Court, University of Sheffield, 211 Portobello, Sheffield S1 4DP, UK
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Andrew C, Heegaard E, Kirk PM, Bässler C, Heilmann-Clausen J, Krisai-Greilhuber I, Kuyper TW, Senn-Irlet B, Büntgen U, Diez J, Egli S, Gange AC, Halvorsen R, Høiland K, Nordén J, Rustøen F, Boddy L, Kauserud H. Big data integration: Pan-European fungal species observations' assembly for addressing contemporary questions in ecology and global change biology. FUNGAL BIOL REV 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Hughes BB, Beas-Luna R, Barner AK, Brewitt K, Brumbaugh DR, Cerny-Chipman EB, Close SL, Coblentz KE, de Nesnera KL, Drobnitch ST, Figurski JD, Focht B, Friedman M, Freiwald J, Heady KK, Heady WN, Hettinger A, Johnson A, Karr KA, Mahoney B, Moritsch MM, Osterback AMK, Reimer J, Robinson J, Rohrer T, Rose JM, Sabal M, Segui LM, Shen C, Sullivan J, Zuercher R, Raimondi PT, Menge BA, Grorud-Colvert K, Novak M, Carr MH. Long-Term Studies Contribute Disproportionately to Ecology and Policy. Bioscience 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biw185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Verheyen K, De Frenne P, Baeten L, Waller DM, Hédl R, Perring MP, Blondeel H, Brunet J, Chudomelova M, Decocq G, De Lombaerde E, Depauw L, Dirnböck T, Durak T, Eriksson O, Gilliam FS, Heinken T, Heinrichs S, Hermy M, Jaroszewicz B, Jenkins MA, Johnson SE, Kirby KJ, Kopecký M, Landuyt D, Lenoir J, Li D, Macek M, Maes S, Máliš F, Mitchell FJG, Naaf T, Peterken G, Petřík P, Reczyńska K, Rogers DA, Schei FH, Schmidt W, Standovár T, Świerkosz K, Ujházy K, Van Calster H, Vellend M, Vild O, Woods K, Wulf M, Bernhard-Römermann M. Combining community resurvey data to advance global change research. Bioscience 2016; 67:73-83. [PMID: 30220729 PMCID: PMC6136644 DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biw150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
More and more ecologists have started to resurvey communities sampled in earlier decades to determine long-term shifts in community composition and infer the likely drivers of the ecological changes observed. However, to assess the relative importance of, and interactions among, multiple drivers joint analyses of resurvey data from many regions spanning large environmental gradients are needed. In this paper we illustrate how combining resurvey data from multiple regions can increase the likelihood of driver-orthogonality within the design and show that repeatedly surveying across multiple regions provides higher representativeness and comprehensiveness, allowing us to answer more completely a broader range of questions. We provide general guidelines to aid implementation of multi-region resurvey databases. In so doing, we aim to encourage resurvey database development across other community types and biomes to advance global environmental change research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kris Verheyen
- Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Forest & Water Management, Ghent University, Geraardsbergsesteenweg 267, 9090 Melle-Gontrode, Belgium
| | - Pieter De Frenne
- Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Forest & Water Management, Ghent University, Geraardsbergsesteenweg 267, 9090 Melle-Gontrode, Belgium,
| | - Lander Baeten
- Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Forest & Water Management, Ghent University, Geraardsbergsesteenweg 267, 9090 Melle-Gontrode, Belgium,
| | - Donald M Waller
- Botany Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 430 Lincoln Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA,
| | - Radim Hédl
- Department of Vegetation Ecology, Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Lidická 25/27, Brno, 60200, Czech Republic, ; Department of Botany, Palacky University in Olomouc, Slechtitelu 27, Olomouc, 78371, Czech Republic
| | - Michael P Perring
- Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Forest & Water Management, Ghent University, Geraardsbergsesteenweg 267, 9090 Melle-Gontrode, Belgium, ; Ecosystem Restoration and Intervention Ecology Research Group; School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35, Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009, AUSTRALIA,
| | - Haben Blondeel
- Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Forest & Water Management, Ghent University, Geraardsbergsesteenweg 267, 9090 Melle-Gontrode, Belgium,
| | - Jörg Brunet
- Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 49, 230 53 Alnarp, Sweden,
| | - Markéeta Chudomelova
- Department of Vegetation Ecology, Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Lidická 25/27, Brno, 60200, Czech Republic; Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno CZ-60200, Czech Republic,
| | - Guillaume Decocq
- UR "Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés" (EDYSAN, FRE 3498 CNRS-UPJV), Jules Verne University of Picardy, 1, rue des Louvels, 80037 Amiens Cédex, FRANCE,
| | - Emiel De Lombaerde
- Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Forest & Water Management, Ghent University, Geraardsbergsesteenweg 267, 9090 Melle-Gontrode, Belgium,
| | - Leen Depauw
- Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Forest & Water Management, Ghent University, Geraardsbergsesteenweg 267, 9090 Melle-Gontrode, Belgium,
| | - Thomas Dirnböck
- Department for Ecosystem Research, Environment Agency Austria, Spittelauer Lände 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria,
| | - Tomasz Durak
- Department of Botany, University of Rzeszów, Zelwerowicza 4, Rzeszów PL-35-601, Poland,
| | - Ove Eriksson
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, SE - 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden,
| | - Frank S Gilliam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, Huntington, WV 25755-2510, USA,
| | - Thilo Heinken
- Biodiversity Research / Systematic Botany, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 1, 14469 Potsdam, Germany,
| | - Steffi Heinrichs
- Department Silviculture & Forest Ecology of the Temperate Zones, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Burckhardt Institute, Büsgenweg 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany,
| | - Martin Hermy
- Dept Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Celestijnenlaan 200E, Heverlee 3001, Belgium,
| | - Bogdan Jaroszewicz
- Białowieża Geobotanical Station, University of Warsaw, Faculty of Biology, Sportowa 19, Białowieża, 17-230, Poland
| | - Michael A Jenkins
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, 715 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2061, USA,
| | - Sarah E Johnson
- Department of Natural Resources and Biology, Northland College, 1411 Ellis Avenue, Ashland, Wisconsin 54806, USA,
| | - Keith J Kirby
- Department of Plant Sciences, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RB, UK,
| | - Martin Kopecký
- Department of Vegetation Ecology, Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Lidická 25/27, Brno, CZ-602 00, Czech Republic, , : Department of Forest Ecology, : Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, : Kamýcká 129, CZ-165 21, Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Dries Landuyt
- Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Forest & Water Management, Ghent University, Geraardsbergsesteenweg 267, 9090 Melle-Gontrode, Belgium,
| | - Jonathan Lenoir
- UR "Ecologie et dynamique des systems anthropisés" (EDYSAN, FRE 3498 CNRS-UPJV), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 1 Rue des Louvels, 80000 Amiens, France,
| | - Daijiang Li
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 430 Lincoln Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA,
| | - Martin Macek
- Dept. of GIS and RS, Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, Průhonice 252 43, Czech Republic,
| | - Sybryn Maes
- Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Forest & Water Management, Ghent University, Geraardsbergsesteenweg 267, 9090 Melle-Gontrode, Belgium,
| | - Frantisek Máliš
- Department of Phytology, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovakia,
| | | | - Tobias Naaf
- Institute of Land Use Systems, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Straße 84, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany,
| | | | - Petr Petřík
- Department of GIS and Remote Sensing, Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, Průhonice 25243, Czech Republic,
| | - Kamila Reczyńska
- Wrocław University, Museum of Natural History, Sienkiewicza 21, Wrocław 50-335, Poland,
| | - David A Rogers
- Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Parkside, 900 Wood Rd., Kenosha, Wisconsin 53141, USA,
| | - Fride Hoistad Schei
- Forestry and Forest Resources, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Fanaflaten 4, 5244 Fana, Norway,
| | - Wolfgang Schmidt
- Silviculture and Forest Ecology of the Temperate Zones, Faculty of Forestry and Forest Ecology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany,
| | - Tibor Standovár
- Dept. Plant Systematics, Ecology and Theoretical Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary,
| | - Krzystof Świerkosz
- Wrocław University, Museum of Natural History, Sienkiewicza 21, Wrocław 50-335, Poland,
| | - Karol Ujházy
- Department of Phytology, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, SK-960 53 Zvolen, Slovakia,
| | - Hans Van Calster
- Biometry & Quality Assurance, Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Kliniekstraat 25, Brussels, 1070, Belgium,
| | - Mark Vellend
- Département de biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada,
| | - Ondřej Vild
- Department of Vegetation Ecology, Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Lidická 25/27, Brno, 60200, Czech Republic, Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno CZ-60200, Czech Republic,
| | - Kerry Woods
- Natural Sciences, Bennington College, 1 College Drive, Bennington, VT 05201, USA,
| | - Monika Wulf
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Institute of Land Use Systems, Eberswalder Straße 84, Müncheberg, 15374, Germany,
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Servilla M, Brunt J, Costa D, McGann J, Waide R. The contribution and reuse of LTER data in the Provenance Aware Synthesis Tracking Architecture (PASTA) data repository. ECOL INFORM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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