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Bryans CG, Cohen JN, Athaide CE, Pugh CJA, Au JS. Impact of Ultrasound Scanning Plane on Common Carotid Artery Longitudinal Wall Motion. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2024:S0301-5629(24)00317-X. [PMID: 39278803 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The arterial wall not only moves in the radial direction to expand circumferentially but also moves in the axial (longitudinal) direction in a predictable bidirectional pattern during a normal cardiac cycle. While common carotid artery (CCA) longitudinal wall motion (CALM) has been described previously, there is a lack of evidence-based method standardization to align practices for human measurement. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether different scanning planes impact CALM outcomes in healthy males and females to provide clarity on data collection strategies. METHODS Thirty-one healthy adults (16 females, 23 ± 3 y of age) underwent ultrasound scanning of the right CCA in the anterior, lateral, and posterior imaging planes. CALM was evaluated using a custom speckle-tracking algorithm and was analyzed as segmental motion outcomes (anterograde, retrograde, maximum displacement and radial-axial path length). RESULTS No differences in any CALM outcome were observed between imaging planes (p > 0.05), and equivalence testing indicated that retrograde CALM displacement was similar between anterior and posterior distal walls (p = 0.04). We observed no differences (p > 0.05) in CALM outcomes between the proximal (free-wall, adjacent to the internal jugular vein [IJV]) and distal wall in the posterior imaging plane. Qualitatively, it was more difficult to successfully track vascular tissue between the IJV and CCA due to the thin wall components and highly mobile wall in the radial direction. CONCLUSION In the absence of clear differences between scanning planes, we recommend standardizing acquisition in the lateral plane and avoiding the IJV free-wall when evaluating CALM in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol G Bryans
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Jeremy N Cohen
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Chloe E Athaide
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher J A Pugh
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jason S Au
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
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Nicolosi G, Donzella M, Polizzi A, Angjelova A, Santonocito S, Zanoli L, Annunziata M, Isola G. Early detection of cardiovascular risk markers through non-invasive ultrasound methodologies in periodontitis patients. Open Med (Wars) 2024; 19:20241003. [PMID: 39034949 PMCID: PMC11260002 DOI: 10.1515/med-2024-1003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This narrative review aims to update the current evidence and offer insight into the new non-invasive ultrasound techniques used to early identify degenerative vascular changes in subjects with periodontitis and to investigate if these methodologies could be useful to identify subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) dysfunction in periodontitis patients and to monitor changes in CVD risk after periodontal treatment. Methods Studies examining the assessment of vascular endothelial function through the latest methodologies were analyzed. Systematic reviews, observational studies, and clinical trials in the English language were identified using PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases with key search terms such as "periodontitis," "endothelial dysfunction (ED)," "arterial stiffness," and "periodontal therapy." Results Several mechanisms are involved in the association between periodontitis and CVD. The key players are periodontal bacteria and their toxins, which can enter the circulation and infiltrate blood vessel walls. The increase in proinflammatory molecules such as interleukins and chemokines, c-reactive protein, fibrinogen, and oxidative stress also plays a decisive role. In addition, an increase in parameters of ED, arterial stiffness, and atherosclerosis, such as carotid intima-media thickness, pulse wave velocity, and flow-mediated dilatation, has been shown in periodontal patients. Conclusions The literature today agrees on the association of periodontitis and CVD and the positive role of periodontal therapy on systemic inflammatory indices and cardiovascular outcomes. Hopefully, these non-invasive methodologies could be extended to periodontal patients to provide a comprehensive understanding of the CVD-periodontitis link from the perspective of a personalized medicine approach in periodontology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Nicolosi
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124, Catania, Italy
| | - Martina Donzella
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Polizzi
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124, Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Angjelova
- University Dental Clinical Center St. Pantelejmon, Faculty of Dentistry, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, 1000, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Simona Santonocito
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124, Catania, Italy
| | - Luca Zanoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Annunziata
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Isola
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124, Catania, Italy
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Bryans CG, Gopaul J, Athaide CE, Pugh CJA, Au JS. The influence of physical activity and sex on carotid artery longitudinal wall motion in younger healthy adults. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2024; 49:385-394. [PMID: 37963352 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2023-0325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Carotid artery longitudinal wall motion (CALM) is a novel preclinical marker for atherosclerosis that describes the axial anterograde and retrograde motion of the intima-media complex. While regular physical activity and sex are known to independently influence arterial stiffness, their roles on axial arterial wall behaviour are unknown. The purpose of this study is to examine whether physical activity and sex impact CALM. We hypothesized that CALM retrograde displacement and total amplitude would be greater in females and active individuals, as a function of arterial stiffness. Fifty-seven young healthy adults (30 females; aged 22 ± 3 years) were evaluated for CALM outcomes and arterial stiffness and grouped by physical activity based on active (V̇O2 = 44.2 ± 8.9 mL/kg/min) or sedentary (V̇O2 = 33.7 ± 6.7 mL/kg/min) lifestyles defined by the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines. Arterial stiffness and CALM were measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and vascular ultrasound at the right common carotid artery with speckle tracking analysis, respectively. cfPWV was greater in males (p < 0.01) with no interaction between sex and physical activity (p = 0.90). CALM anterograde displacement was greater in males (p = 0.03) resulting in a forward shift in total CALM pattern, which became less prominent when controlling for mean arterial pressure (p = 0.06). All other CALM outcomes were not different between activity and sex. V̇O2max was not correlated to any CALM outcome (all p > 0.05). Apparent sex differences in vascular function extend to novel CALM outcomes but may be confounded by blood pressure. We recommend sex-balanced design and reporting in future studies due to possible anterograde-shifted CALM patterns in healthy males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol G Bryans
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Josh Gopaul
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Chloe E Athaide
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Christopher J A Pugh
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jason S Au
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
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Mukaddim RA, Liu Y, Graham M, Eickhoff JC, Weichmann AM, Tattersall MC, Korcarz CE, Stein JH, Varghese T, Eliceiri KW, Mitchell C. In Vivo Adaptive Bayesian Regularized Lagrangian Carotid Strain Imaging for Murine Carotid Arteries and Its Associations With Histological Findings. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2023; 49:2103-2112. [PMID: 37400303 PMCID: PMC10527160 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2023.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Non-invasive methods for monitoring arterial health and identifying early injury to optimize treatment for patients are desirable. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the use of an adaptive Bayesian regularized Lagrangian carotid strain imaging (ABR-LCSI) algorithm for monitoring of atherogenesis in a murine model and examine associations between the ultrasound strain measures and histology. METHODS Ultrasound radiofrequency (RF) data were acquired from both the right and left common carotid artery (CCA) of 10 (5 male and 5 female) ApoE tm1Unc/J mice at 6, 16 and 24 wk. Lagrangian accumulated axial, lateral and shear strain images and three strain indices-maximum accumulated strain index (MASI), peak mean strain of full region of interest (ROI) index (PMSRI) and strain at peak axial displacement index (SPADI)-were estimated using the ABR-LCSI algorithm. Mice were euthanized (n = 2 at 6 and 16 wk, n = 6 at 24 wk) for histology examination. RESULTS Sex-specific differences in strain indices of mice at 6, 16 and 24 wk were observed. For male mice, axial PMSRI and SPADI changed significantly from 6 to 24 wk (mean axial PMSRI at 6 wk = 14.10 ± 5.33% and that at 24 wk = -3.03 ± 5.61%, p < 0.001). For female mice, lateral MASI increased significantly from 6 to 24 wk (mean lateral MASI at 6 wk = 10.26 ± 3.13% and that at 24 wk = 16.42 ± 7.15%, p = 0.048). Both cohorts exhibited strong associations with ex vivo histological findings (male mice: correlation between number of elastin fibers and axial PMSRI: rs = 0.83, p = 0.01; female mice: correlation between shear MASI and plaque score: rs = 0.77, p = 0.009). CONCLUSION The results indicate that ABR-LCSI can be used to measure arterial wall strain in a murine model and that changes in strain are associated with changes in arterial wall structure and plaque formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Al Mukaddim
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Yuming Liu
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Melissa Graham
- Research Animal Resources and Compliance, Comparative Pathology Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jens C Eickhoff
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ashley M Weichmann
- Small Animal Imaging and Radiotherapy Facility, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Claudia E Korcarz
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - James H Stein
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Tomy Varghese
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kevin W Eliceiri
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Small Animal Imaging and Radiotherapy Facility, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Carol Mitchell
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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Sjöstrand S, Widerström A, Svensson I, Segers P, Erlöv T, Ahlgren ÅR, Cinthio M. The impact of geometry, intramural friction, and pressure on the antegrade longitudinal motion of the arterial wall: A phantom and finite element study. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15746. [PMID: 37332094 PMCID: PMC10277212 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Longitudinal motion of the carotid arterial wall, as measured with ultrasound, has shown promise as an indicator of vascular health. The underlying mechanisms are however not fully understood. We have found, in in vivo studies, that blood pressure has a strong relation to the antegrade longitudinal displacement in early systole. Further, we have identified that a tapered geometry and the intramural friction in-between two parts of a vessel wall influence the longitudinal displacement. We therefore studied the interaction between pressure, vessel geometry and intramural friction, tapered and straight ultrasound phantoms in a paralleled hydraulic bench study and corresponding numerical models. Profound antegrade longitudinal motion was induced in the innermost part of both tapered phantoms and the numerical models, but to a lesser extent when intramural friction was increased in the simulations. Strong correlations (R = 0.82-0.96; p < 1e-3; k = 9.3-14 μm/mmHg) between longitudinal displacement and pulse pressure were found in six of seven regions of interest in tapered phantoms. The motion of the straight phantom and the corresponding numerical model was smaller, on average zero or close to zero. This study demonstrates that tapering of the lumen, low intramural friction, and pressure might be important conducive features to the antegrade longitudinal motion of the arterial wall in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Sjöstrand
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringLund UniversityLundSweden
- IBiTech‐bioMMedaGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Alice Widerström
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringLund UniversityLundSweden
- IBiTech‐bioMMedaGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Ingrid Svensson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringLund UniversityLundSweden
| | | | - Tobias Erlöv
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringLund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Åsa Rydén Ahlgren
- Department of Translational MedicineLund UniversityLundSweden
- Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University HospitalLund UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - Magnus Cinthio
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringLund UniversityLundSweden
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Athaide CE, Samuel M, Jutlah LBL, Bryans CG, Au JS. The influence of respiration, neck flexion, and arterial segment on carotid artery longitudinal wall motion. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 134:288-295. [PMID: 36579762 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00390.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Although carotid artery longitudinal wall motion (CALM) has been highly detailed in cross-sectional studies, there is little evidence to explain population interindividual variability. This study was conducted to investigate how common external factors impact CALM. Twenty-one young healthy adults (11 females, aged 22 ± 2 yr) underwent three within-subject protocols. To evaluate probe positioning, vascular ultrasound was performed at a proximal and distal location along the common carotid artery. To evaluate neck angle, scans were acquired with the neck positioned at 70°, 90°, maximum extension (112 ± 9°), and maximum flexion (51 ± 7°). For the respiratory cycle condition, scans were taken during 7 s of inhalation, 7 s of exhalation, and 7 s of breath hold. CALM was evaluated for anterograde, retrograde, and maximum displacements, as well as radial-axial displacement. CALM was greater at proximal versus distal locations (retrograde = 1.14 ± 0.62 vs. 0.63 ± 0.24 mm, maximal = 1.32 ± 0.59 vs. 0.73 ± 0.24 mm; all P < 0.05). Minimum neck angles had greater motion than maximum angles (maximum displacement = 1.03 ± 0.43 vs. 0.77 ± 0.23 mm, P < 0.05). Without correcting breathing bias, retrograde displacement was greater during inspiration versus expiration (1.06 ± 0.34 vs. 0.58 ± 0.24 mm) and breath hold (1.06 ± 0.34 vs. 0.58 ± 0.24 mm), diastolic CALM was greater during expiration versus breath hold (1.10 ± 0.44 vs. 0.76 ± 0.33 mm), and maximum CALM was smaller during breath hold versus expiration (0.89 ± 0.31 vs. 1.21 ± 0.39 mm) and inspiration (0.89 ± 0.31 vs. 1.41 ± 0.70 mm). We recommend scanning 1-2 cm proximal to the carotid bifurcation, maintaining a neutral neck angle (70°-90°) for optimal CALM data collection in humans.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Carotid artery longitudinal wall motion (CALM) provides unique cardiovascular health information, yet a standardized approach to measurement is nonexistent. We tested CALM during manipulation of common external factors including probe position, neck angle, and breathing. All three conditions were found to alter CALM with drift in the breathing condition correctable by use of a linear bias correction. Consistent techniques should be used in CALM acquisition to reduce variability between individuals and population groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe E Athaide
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maryia Samuel
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lauren B L Jutlah
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carol G Bryans
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jason S Au
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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7
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Ahlgren ÅR, Erlöv T, Cinthio M. Response of the carotid artery longitudinal motion to submaximal physical activity in healthy humans-Marked changes already at low workload. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15580. [PMID: 36702558 PMCID: PMC9879728 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The longitudinal motion of the arterial wall, that is, the displacement of the arterial wall along the artery, parallel to blood flow, is still largely unexplored. The magnitude and nature of putative changes in longitudinal motion of the arterial wall in response to physical activity in humans remain unknown. The aim of this study was therefore to study the longitudinal motion of the carotid artery wall during physical activity in healthy humans. Using in-house developed non-invasive ultrasonic methods, the longitudinal motion of the intima-media complex and the diameter changes of the right common carotid artery (CCA) in 40 healthy volunteers (20 volunteers aged 22-35 years; 20 volunteers aged 55-68 years) were assessed at rest and during submaximal supine bicycle exercise. In a subset of the subjects (n = 18) also intramural shear strain were analyzed. The longitudinal motion of the intima-media complex underwent marked changes in response to physical activity, already at low workload; with most evident a marked increase of the first antegrade displacement (p < 0.001) in early systole. Likewise, the corresponding shear strain also increased significantly (p = 0.004). The increase in longitudinal motion showed significant correlation to increase in blood pressure, but not to blood flow velocity or wall shear stress. In conclusion, physical activity markedly influences the longitudinal motion of the carotid artery wall in healthy humans already at low load. A possible "cushioning" function as well as possible implications for the function of the vasa vasorum, endothelium, and smooth muscle cells and extracellular matrix of the media, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åsa Rydén Ahlgren
- Department of Translational MedicineLund UniversityLundSweden
- Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University HospitalLund UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - Tobias Erlöv
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringLund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Magnus Cinthio
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringLund UniversityLundSweden
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Shin J, Choi EY, Kwon HM, Rhee K. Estimation of viscoelasticity of a carotid artery from ultrasound cine images and brachial pressure waveforms: Viscous parameters as a new index of detecting low plaque burden. Med Eng Phys 2022; 108:103886. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2022.103886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Athaide CE, Spronck B, Au JS. Physiological basis for longitudinal motion of the arterial wall. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 322:H689-H701. [PMID: 35213244 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00567.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
As opposed to arterial distension in the radial plane, longitudinal wall motion (LWM) is a multiphasic and bidirectional displacement of the arterial wall in the anterograde (i.e., in the direction of blood flow) and retrograde (i.e., opposing direction of blood flow) directions. While initially disregarded as imaging artifact, LWM has been consistently reported in ultrasound investigations in the last decade and is reproducible beat-to-beat, albeit with large inter-individual variability across healthy and diseased populations. Emerging literature has sought to examine the mechanistic control of LWM to explain the shape and variability of the motion pattern but lacks considerations for key foundational vascular principles at the level of the arterial wall ultrastructure. The purpose of this review is to summarize the potential factors that underpin the causes and control of arterial LWM, spanning considerations from the arterial extracellular matrix to systems-level integrative theories. First, an overview of LWM and relevant aspects wall composition will be discussed, including major features of the multiphasic pattern, arterial wall extracellular components, tunica fiber orientations, and arterial longitudinal pre-stretch. Second, current theories on the systems-level physiological mechanisms driving LWM will be discussed in the context of available evidence including experimental human research, porcine studies, and mathematical models. Throughout, we discuss implications of these observations with suggestions for future priority research areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe E Athaide
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Bart Spronck
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jason S Au
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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Stevens KA, Au JS. Case Studies in Physiology: Using premature ventricular contractions to understand the regulation of carotid artery longitudinal wall motion. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 131:1157-1161. [PMID: 34410844 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00441.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent observations have identified a distinct longitudinal motion pattern of the common carotid artery, where the wall oscillates along its length both with (anterograde) and against (retrograde) the direction of blood flow. The regulation of the longitudinal pattern remains largely undetermined, in part due to difficulty uncoupling local pressure and flow stimuli from upstream energy sources. In this case study of a 29-yr-old male, we examine the regulation of longitudinal wall motion from the perspective of spontaneous premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). With respect to the pre-PVC beat, during the PVC, there was an 81% reduction in carotid blood velocity (96.8 to 18.4 cm/s), a 69% reduction in pulse pressure (58 to 18 mmHg), and a 59% reduction in apical left ventricular (LV) rotation (6.9 to 2.8°) as a result of reduced LV filling time. During this time, anterograde longitudinal wall motion was unchanged (0.06 mm), whereas retrograde motion was reduced by 91% (0.75 to 0.07 mm). During the compensated post-PVC beat, there were large increases in all outcomes, except for anterograde wall motion. Taken together, there appears to be little influence of either local or upstream factors on anterograde wall motion. Although retrograde wall motion generally mirrored blood pressure, blood velocity, and upstream cardiac movement, the primary motion regulator remains unclear. In this Case Study, we provide evidence against the role of blood velocity in regulating local wall motion and reinforce the potential importance of cardiac mechanics dictating the unique longitudinal motion pattern at the common carotid artery.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Benign arrhythmias can be a useful tool to probe new hypotheses in physiology. We tested the control of longitudinal motion of the common carotid artery wall using observations from spontaneous premature ventricular contractions in a healthy male. Forwards wall motion remained unchanged despite large deviations in local blood velocity and backwards wall motion mirrored changes in pulse pressure, blood velocity, and cardiac motion, thereby revising our original hypothesis of the control of longitudinal wall motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailey A Stevens
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jason S Au
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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Effect of the internal carotid artery degree of stenosis on wall and plaque distensibility. Biomed Signal Process Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2021.102572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Gao J, Lee J, Phan A, Fowlkes JB. Velocity Vector Imaging to Assess Longitudinal Wall Motion of Adult Carotid Arteries. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2021; 40:1195-1207. [PMID: 32914417 DOI: 10.1002/jum.15501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess longitudinal wall motion of the common carotid artery (CCA) using velocity vector imaging (VVI). METHODS From October 2018 to July 2019, we prospectively performed VVI of 204 CCAs (102 adult volunteers, 57 men, 45 women) in young (n = 40, 20-44 y), mid-age (n = 30, 45-64 y), and senior (n = 32, ≥65 y) groups. VVI parameters of CCA included longitudinal motion pattern, motion parameters (strain, strain rate, displacement), and time-to-peak motion parameters (time-to-peak strain, time-to-peak strain rate, time-to-peak displacement). Statistical analyses included one-way ANOVA post-hoc testing to examine the difference in VVI parameters among the 3 age groups and in paired groups; unpaired t tests to examine the difference in VVI parameters between CCAs with and without atherosclerotic plaque, between hypertensive and normotensive subjects without atherosclerotic plaque; linear regression to analyze correlations of VVI parameters to age, carotid intima-media thickness; and intraclass correlation coefficient to test inter- and intra-observer reliability in performing VVI of the CCA. RESULTS Differences in VVI parameters and patterns among the 3 age groups, between hypertensive and normotensive, and CCAs with and without plaque were significant (p < .01). CCA motion- and time-to-peak motion parameters were correlated to age (R2 = 0.63-0.56) and carotid intima-media thickness (R2 = 0.29-0.22). CCA wall motion dyssynchrony was remarkable in seniors. The repeatability and reproducibility for performing carotid artery VVI were good (intraclass correlation coefficient > 0.85). CONCLUSIONS VVI is feasible to assess changes in longitudinal CCA wall mechanical properties and synchrony with aging, atherosclerosis, and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- Rocky Vista University, Ivins, Utah
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York
| | | | | | - J Brian Fowlkes
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Zhu Y, Cinthio M, Erlöv T, Bjarnegård N, Ahlgren ÅR. Comparison of the multi-phasic longitudinal displacement of the left and right common carotid artery in healthy humans. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2021; 41:342-354. [PMID: 33763958 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the cardiac cycle, there is a multi-phasic bidirectional longitudinal movement (LMov) of the intima-media complex of large arteries, i.e. along the arteries. On the left side the common carotid artery (CCA) arises directly from the aortic arc, whereas on the right side the CCA originate from the innominate artery. AIM The aim of this study was to compare LMov of the left and right CCA of healthy subjects to investigate whether the difference in anatomy is of importance for LMov. MATERIAL AND METHODS The CCA's of 93 healthy subjects were investigated using in-house developed ultrasound methods. RESULTS Although the basic pattern were the same in the majority of subjects, several phases of LMov were significantly larger on the left side (the first retrograde phase, p = 0.0006; the second antegrade, "returning" phase, p < 0.00001; and the rapid retrograde phase of movement at the end of the cardiac cycle, p < 0.000001). In contrast, no significant side-difference in the amplitude of the first antegrade movement was seen. The maximal (peak-to-peak) LMov was significantly larger on the left side (p = 0.002). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The side-differences found in LMov may be related to the difference in anatomy, including possible difference in distance to the heart and especially the presence of an extra bifurcation on the right side. Our data provide an important base for the further study of the relation between LMov and cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Magnus Cinthio
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Tobias Erlöv
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Niclas Bjarnegård
- Department of Diagnostics and Specialist Medicine, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, University of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Åsa Rydén Ahlgren
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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14
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Rizi FY, Au J, Yli-Ollila H, Golemati S, Makūnaitė M, Orkisz M, Navab N, MacDonald M, Laitinen TM, Behnam H, Gao Z, Gastounioti A, Jurkonis R, Vray D, Laitinen T, Sérusclat A, Nikita KS, Zahnd G. Carotid Wall Longitudinal Motion in Ultrasound Imaging: An Expert Consensus Review. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2020; 46:2605-2624. [PMID: 32709520 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2020.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Motion extracted from the carotid artery wall provides unique information for vascular health evaluation. Carotid artery longitudinal wall motion corresponds to the multiphasic arterial wall excursion in the direction parallel to blood flow during the cardiac cycle. While this motion phenomenon has been well characterized, there is a general lack of awareness regarding its implications for vascular health assessment or even basic vascular physiology. In the last decade, novel estimation strategies and clinical investigations have greatly advanced our understanding of the bi-axial behavior of the carotid artery, necessitating an up-to-date review to summarize and classify the published literature in collaboration with technical and clinical experts in the field. Within this review, the state-of-the-art methodologies for carotid wall motion estimation are described, and the observed relationships between longitudinal motion-derived indices and vascular health are reported. The vast number of studies describing the longitudinal motion pattern in plaque-free arteries, with its putative application to cardiovascular disease prediction, point to the need for characterizing the added value and applicability of longitudinal motion beyond established biomarkers. To this aim, the main purpose of this review was to provide a strong base of theoretical knowledge, together with a curated set of practical guidelines and recommendations for longitudinal motion estimation in patients, to foster future discoveries in the field, toward the integration of longitudinal motion in basic science as well as clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Yousefi Rizi
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Jason Au
- Schlegel Research Institute for Aging, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Heikki Yli-Ollila
- Department of Radiology, Kanta-Häme Central Hospital, Hämeenlinna, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Spyretta Golemati
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Monika Makūnaitė
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Maciej Orkisz
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA-Lyon, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR 5220, U1206, F-69621 Villeurbanne cedex, France
| | - Nassir Navab
- Computer Aided Medical Procedures, Technische Universität München, Garching bei München, Germany; Computer Aided Medical Procedures, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Maureen MacDonald
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tiina Marja Laitinen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hamid Behnam
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Zhifan Gao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aimilia Gastounioti
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rytis Jurkonis
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Didier Vray
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA-Lyon, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR 5220, U1206, F-69621 Villeurbanne cedex, France
| | - Tomi Laitinen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - André Sérusclat
- Department of Radiology, Louis Pradel Hospital; Hospices Civils de Lyon; Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Konstantina S Nikita
- Biomedical Simulations and Imaging Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Guillaume Zahnd
- Computer Aided Medical Procedures, Technische Universität München, Garching bei München, Germany
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15
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Au JS, Shenouda N, Oikawa SY, Gillen JB, Morton RW, Gibala MJ, Phillips SM, MacDonald MJ. Carotid Artery Longitudinal Wall Motion Is Unaffected by 12 Weeks of Endurance, Sprint Interval or Resistance Exercise Training. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2020; 46:992-1000. [PMID: 31954551 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2019.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Carotid artery longitudinal wall motion (CALM) exhibits reduced magnitude in older adults and in individuals with chronic diseases, although longitudinal data are lacking to indicate how changes in CALM might develop over time. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise training in healthy men on CALM using a retrospective design. Carotid ultrasound data were analysed from two previous studies in which men performed 12 wk of moderate-intensity continuous exercise training (n = 9), sprint-interval training (n = 7), higher-repetition resistance exercise training (n = 15) or lower-repetition resistance exercise training (n = 15). The CALM pattern was unaltered after 12 wk of exercise training, regardless of exercise mode, with no differences in systolic or diastolic CALM magnitudes (p > 0.05), similar to carotid intima-media thickness (p > 0.05). Our findings suggest that CALM is resistant to transient changes in lifestyle factors, similar to wall thickness in otherwise healthy populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason S Au
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ninette Shenouda
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sara Y Oikawa
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jenna B Gillen
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert W Morton
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin J Gibala
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stuart M Phillips
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maureen J MacDonald
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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16
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Increased carotid artery wall stiffness and plaque prevalence in HIV infected patients measured with ultrasound elastography. Eur Radiol 2020; 30:3178-3187. [DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-06660-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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17
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A Preprocess Method of External Disturbance Suppression for Carotid Wall Motion Estimation Using Local Phase and Orientation of B-Mode Ultrasound Sequences. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:6547982. [PMID: 31886237 PMCID: PMC6925731 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6547982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Estimating the motions of the common carotid artery wall plays a very important role in early diagnosis of the carotid atherosclerotic disease. However, the disturbances caused by either the instability of the probe operator or the breathing of subjects degrade the estimation accuracy of arterial wall motion when performing speckle tracking on the B-mode ultrasound images. In this paper, we propose a global registration method to suppress external disturbances before motion estimation. The local vector images, transformed from B-mode images, were used for registration. To take advantage of both the structural information from the local phase and the geometric information from the local orientation, we proposed a confidence coefficient to combine them two. Furthermore, we altered the speckle reducing anisotropic diffusion filter to improve the performance of disturbance suppression. We compared this method with schemes of extracting wall displacement directly from B-mode or phase images. The results show that this scheme can effectively suppress the disturbances and significantly improve the estimation accuracy.
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18
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Grinet MAVM, Moraes MC. Radial-Biased Tracking Method to Assess Tissue Displacement in Intravascular Ultrasound Sequences: A Phantom Framework Evaluation. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2019; 38:3007-3014. [PMID: 30941798 DOI: 10.1002/jum.15007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We created and evaluated a pixel-tracking method capable of accurately identify the displacement of tissue in intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) images. METHODS Our proposed pixel-tracking method assessed the horizontal and vertical displacement of tissue from a numerical phantom of IVUS sequences. The proposed tracking method is based on a block-matching framework, comparing 2 distinct frames within a selected region by normalized cross-correlation. Our method, specialized for IVUS applications, reduced the tracking area by implementing a limiting radius and a radial bias during the search. RESULTS The method was evaluated by using 54 numerical phantom image sequences from 9 distinct arterial models, resulting in different arteries with atherosclerotic plaques under a range of pressures. The ground truth reference coordinates of the tracked tissue were extracted from each numerical phantom sequence. Our results were compared to 8 other methods present in the literature. The mean absolute tracking errors ± SD for our method were 15.56 ± 19.46 and 13.04 ± 13.82 μm for the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, between 2 subsequent frames, and 162.58 ± 305.93 and 102.22 ± 130.61 μm from lower to higher pressures in the range of 6 frames (n = 42,036). CONCLUSIONS Our application-specific pixel-tracking method showed promising results and no statistically significant tracking error (P = .954), comparable to state-of-the-art methods present in the literature. Application-specific tracking methods have advantages over general methods by turning tissue-specific behavior into a directional bias in the tracking algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A V M Grinet
- Laboratory of Image and Signal Processing, Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Matheus Cardoso Moraes
- Laboratory of Image and Signal Processing, Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São José dos Campos, Brazil
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19
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Au JS, Proudfoot NA, Timmons BW, MacDonald MJ. Retrograde shift in carotid artery longitudinal wall motion after one-year follow-up in children. Atherosclerosis 2019; 288:26-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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20
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Associations between carotid artery longitudinal wall motion and arterial stiffness indicators in young children. Atherosclerosis 2019; 287:64-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.06.895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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21
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Gepner AD, McClelland RL, Korcarz CE, Young R, Kaufman JD, Mitchell CC, Stein JH. Carotid artery displacement and cardiovascular disease risk in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Vasc Med 2019; 24:405-413. [DOI: 10.1177/1358863x19853362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Novel technology permits quantification of common carotid artery (CCA) displacement, which is traditionally ignored. We evaluated associations with CCA displacement and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and events in a large, multi-ethnic cohort. Right CCA longitudinal displacement (LD), transverse displacement (TD), and grayscale median (GSM) were evaluated using ultrasound speckle-tracking and texture analysis software in 2050 participants. Regression analyses were used to define relationships between CCA LD, TD, GSM, and CVD risk factors. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess relationships between LD, TD, and incident CVD events. Participants were mean (SD) 64 (10) years old. There were 791 cases with a CVD event over a 12-year median follow-up. The mean LD was 0.29 (0.20) mm. In multivariable models including age, sex, race/ethnicity, heart rate, and CVD risk factors, LD was associated positively with active smoking (β = 0.08, p < 0.001) and inversely with black (β = −0.08, p < 0.001), Chinese (β = −0.05, p < 0.001), and Hispanic (β = −0.04, p < 0.05) race/ethnicities relative to white individuals, heart rate (β = −0.03/10 beats/min, p < 0.001), and diastolic blood pressure (β = −0.01/5 mmHg, p < 0.05). In fully adjusted models, LD and TD were associated with GSM ( p < 0.01), but neither predicted incident CVD events (LD: hazard ratio (HR) 0.77 [0.48 to 1.24], p = 0.3; TD: HR 1.12 [0.8 to 1.57], p = 0.5). CCA LD and TD are associated with race/ethnicity and CVD risk factors but not incident CVD events. LD and TD are not measures of arterial stiffness but their association with GSM suggests that lower LD and TD may be related to structural changes within the carotid arterial wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam D Gepner
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, William S Middleton VA Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Robyn L McClelland
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington-Seattle, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Claudia E Korcarz
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Rebekah Young
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington-Seattle, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joel D Kaufman
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington-Seattle, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Carol C Mitchell
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - James H Stein
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
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22
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Chauhan N, Mittal S, Tewari S, Sen J, Laller K. Association of Apical Periodontitis with Cardiovascular Disease via Noninvasive Assessment of Endothelial Function and Subclinical Atherosclerosis. J Endod 2019; 45:681-690. [PMID: 31030979 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic infections of endodontic origin might predispose to the onset of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The studies depicting the link between apical periodontitis (AP) and CVD are few, and the association is very controversial; also, the markers used are expensive, which makes them difficult to use in general practice. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether an association exists between AP and CVD using noninvasive methods (ie, flow-mediated dilatation [FMD] and carotid intima-media thickness [c-IMT]). METHODS This cross-sectional study included 120 men between 20 and 40 years old free from periodontal disease, CVD, and traditional cardiovascular risk factors; 60 subjects had AP, and 60 acted as controls. All subjects underwent complete physical and dental examination, echocardiography, ultrasound assessment of FMD of the right brachial artery, and c-IMT. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and the Spearman rank correlation (rs) test. RESULTS FMD was found to be significantly impaired in patients with AP (mean = 4.9% ± 2.05%) compared with healthy controls (mean = 9.74% ± 2.59%, P = .000). The study also depicts statistically significant differences between c-IMT of the AP (mean = 0.64 ± 0.12 mm) and control (mean = 0.54 ± 0.08 mm) groups (P = .000). A significant inverse correlation between c-IMT and FMD was observed (rs = -0.381, P = .000). CONCLUSIONS Impaired FMD and greater c-IMT in subjects with AP suggests a potential association between endodontic infection and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishant Chauhan
- Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Shweta Mittal
- Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India.
| | - Sanjay Tewari
- Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Jyotsana Sen
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Kuldip Laller
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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23
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Cinthio M, Albinsson J, Erlöv T, Bjarnegård N, Länne T, Ahlgren ÅR. Longitudinal Movement of the Common Carotid Artery Wall: New Information on Cardiovascular Aging. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2018; 44:2283-2295. [PMID: 30077411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Putative changes in the multiphasic pattern of longitudinal movement of the common carotid artery wall in the normal aging process are unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the phases, and resulting patterns, of the longitudinal movement of the intima-media complex of the human common carotid artery with respect to age and gender. One hundred thirty-five healthy non-smoking patients of different ages were investigated using in-house-developed ultrasound methods. The patterns of longitudinal movement seen in middle-aged and older patients were markedly different from those commonly seen in young patients, including the appearance of two additional phases of motion and, thus, new complex patterns. The displacement and maximum velocity of one of the phases, occurring at the time of aortic valve closure, increased quadratically with age in both men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Cinthio
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - John Albinsson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Tobias Erlöv
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Niclas Bjarnegård
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Toste Länne
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Åsa Rydén Ahlgren
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Lund University, Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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24
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Zahnd G, Saito K, Nagatsuka K, Otake Y, Sato Y. Dynamic Block Matching to assess the longitudinal component of the dense motion field of the carotid artery wall in B‐mode ultrasound sequences — Association with coronary artery disease. Med Phys 2018; 45:5041-5053. [DOI: 10.1002/mp.13186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Zahnd
- Imaging‐based Computational Biomedicine Lab Nara Institute of Science and Technology 8916‐5 Takayama‐cho Ikoma Nara 630‐0192 Japan
- Computer Aided Medical Procedures Technische Universität München Boltzmannstraße 3 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Kozue Saito
- Department of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center 5‐7‐1 Fujishiro‐dai Suita Osaka 565‐8565 Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Nagatsuka
- Department of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center 5‐7‐1 Fujishiro‐dai Suita Osaka 565‐8565 Japan
| | - Yoshito Otake
- Imaging‐based Computational Biomedicine Lab Nara Institute of Science and Technology 8916‐5 Takayama‐cho Ikoma Nara 630‐0192 Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Sato
- Imaging‐based Computational Biomedicine Lab Nara Institute of Science and Technology 8916‐5 Takayama‐cho Ikoma Nara 630‐0192 Japan
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25
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Au JS, Yli-Ollila H, MacDonald MJ. An assessment of intra-individual variability in carotid artery longitudinal wall motion: recommendations for data acquisition. Physiol Meas 2018; 39:09NT01. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/aadacf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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26
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Carotid Plaque Vulnerability Assessment Using Ultrasound Elastography and Echogenicity Analysis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2018; 211:847-855. [PMID: 30160989 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.17.19211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate ultrasound elastography and echogenicity analysis to discriminate between carotid plaques in patients with symptomatic internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis versus patients with asymptomatic stenosis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic ICA stenosis of more than 50% were recruited for the study. After both carotid arteries were scanned, plaque translation and elastography and echogenicity features were assessed. Parameters of index stenosis (i.e., symptomatic or more severe stenosis) were compared between populations. For further validation, parameters of index stenosis were also compared with those of the contralateral artery for segments with plaque. Segments without plaque on the index side were also evaluated between populations. ROC curve analyses were performed using a cross-validation method with bootstrapping to calculate sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS Sixty-six patients with symptomatic (n = 26) or asymptomatic (n = 40) carotid stenoses were included. The maximum axial strain (p < 0.001), maximum axial shear strain magnitude (p = 0.03), and percentage of low-intensity of gray level (p = 0.01) of the index ICA were lower for patients with symptoms than for those without symptoms. In both groups, the contralateral ICA had translation and elastography and echogenicity parameters similar to those of the index ICA in patients with asymptomatic stenosis. The ROC curve for the detection of vulnerable plaques in patients with symptomatic stenosis was higher when ultrasound elastography and ultrasound echogenicity were used in combination than when each method was used alone (p < 0.001); a sensitivity of 71.6% and a specificity of 79.3% were obtained. CONCLUSION This pilot study establishes the usefulness of combining elastography with echogenicity analysis to discriminate plaques in patients with symptomatic ICA stenosis versus asymptomatic stenosis.
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27
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Influence of cardiovascular risk factors on longitudinal motion of the common carotid artery wall. Atherosclerosis 2018; 272:54-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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28
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Iterative 2D Tissue Motion Tracking in Ultrafast Ultrasound Imaging. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8050662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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29
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Gao Z, Li Y, Sun Y, Yang J, Xiong H, Zhang H, Liu X, Wu W, Liang D, Li S. Motion Tracking of the Carotid Artery Wall From Ultrasound Image Sequences: a Nonlinear State-Space Approach. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2018; 37:273-283. [PMID: 28866487 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2017.2746879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The motion of the common carotid artery (CCA) wall has been established to be useful in early diagnosis of atherosclerotic disease. However, tracking the CCA wall motion from ultrasound images remains a challenging task. In this paper, a nonlinear state-space approach has been developed to track CCA wall motion from ultrasound sequences. In this approach, a nonlinear state-space equation with a time-variant control signal was constructed from a mathematical model of the dynamics of the CCA wall. Then, the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) was adopted to solve the nonlinear state transfer function in order to evolve the state of the target tissue, which involves estimation of the motion trajectory of the CCA wall from noisy ultrasound images. The performance of this approach has been validated on 30 simulated ultrasound sequences and a real ultrasound dataset of 103 subjects by comparing the motion tracking results obtained in this study to those of three state-of-the-art methods and of the manual tracing method performed by two experienced ultrasound physicians. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed approach is highly correlated with (intra-class correlation coefficient ≥ 0.9948 for the longitudinal motion and ≥ 0.9966 for the radial motion) and well agrees (the 95% confidence interval width is 0.8871 mm for the longitudinal motion and 0.4159 mm for the radial motion) with the manual tracing method on real data and also exhibits high accuracy on simulated data (0.1161 ~ 0.1260 mm). These results appear to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach for motion tracking of the CCA wall.
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Au JS, Bochnak PA, Valentino SE, Cheng JL, Stöhr EJ, MacDonald MJ. Cardiac and haemodynamic influence on carotid artery longitudinal wall motion. Exp Physiol 2017; 103:141-152. [DOI: 10.1113/ep086621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason S. Au
- Department of Kinesiology; McMaster University; Hamilton Ontario Canada
| | - Paula A. Bochnak
- Department of Kinesiology; McMaster University; Hamilton Ontario Canada
| | | | - Jem L. Cheng
- Department of Kinesiology; McMaster University; Hamilton Ontario Canada
| | - Eric J. Stöhr
- Discipline of Physiology & Health, Cardiff School of Sport; Cardiff Metropolitan University; Cardiff UK
- Department of Medicine; Columbia University Irving Medical Centre; New York NY USA
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Albinsson J, Ahlgren ÅR, Jansson T, Cinthio M. A combination of parabolic and grid slope interpolation for 2D tissue displacement estimations. Med Biol Eng Comput 2017; 55:1327-1338. [PMID: 27837312 PMCID: PMC5544786 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-016-1593-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Parabolic sub-sample interpolation for 2D block-matching motion estimation is computationally efficient. However, it is well known that the parabolic interpolation gives a biased motion estimate for displacements greater than |y.2| samples (y = 0, 1, …). Grid slope sub-sample interpolation is less biased, but it shows large variability for displacements close to y.0. We therefore propose to combine these sub-sample methods into one method (GS15PI) using a threshold to determine when to use which method. The proposed method was evaluated on simulated, phantom, and in vivo ultrasound cine loops and was compared to three sub-sample interpolation methods. On average, GS15PI reduced the absolute sub-sample estimation errors in the simulated and phantom cine loops by 14, 8, and 24% compared to sub-sample interpolation of the image, parabolic sub-sample interpolation, and grid slope sub-sample interpolation, respectively. The limited in vivo evaluation of estimations of the longitudinal movement of the common carotid artery using parabolic and grid slope sub-sample interpolation and GS15PI resulted in coefficient of variation (CV) values of 6.9, 7.5, and 6.8%, respectively. The proposed method is computationally efficient and has low bias and variance. The method is another step toward a fast and reliable method for clinical investigations of longitudinal movement of the arterial wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Albinsson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, Ole Römers väg 3, 221 00, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Åsa Rydén Ahlgren
- Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Tomas Jansson
- Clinical Sciences Lund, Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Medical Services, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus Cinthio
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, Ole Römers väg 3, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
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Carotid Artery Plaque Vulnerability Assessment Using Noninvasive Ultrasound Elastography: Validation With MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2017. [PMID: 28639927 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.16.17176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vulnerable and nonvulnerable carotid artery plaques have different tissue morphology and composition that may affect plaque biomechanics. The objective of this study is to evaluate plaque vulnerability with the use of ultrasound noninvasive vascular elastography (NIVE). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-one patients (mean [± SD] age, 69 ± 7 years) with stenosis of the internal carotid artery of 50% or greater were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Elastography parameters quantifying axial strain, shear strain, and translation motion were used to characterize carotid artery plaques as nonvulnerable, neovascularized, and vulnerable. Maximum axial strain, cumulated axial strain, mean shear strain, cumulated shear strain, cumulated axial translation, and cumulated lateral translations were measured. Cumulated measurements were summed over a cardiac cycle. The ratio of cumulated axial strain to cumulated axial translation was also evaluated. The reference method used to characterize plaques was high-resolution MRI. RESULTS According to MRI, seven plaques were vulnerable, 12 were nonvulnerable without neovascularity, and 12 were nonvulnerable with neovascularity (a precursor of vulnerability). The two parameters cumulated axial translation and the ratio of cumulated axial strain to cumulated axial translation could discriminate between nonvulnerable plaques and vulnerable plaques or determine the presence of neovascularity in nonvulnerable plaques (which was also possible with the mean shear strain parameter). All parameters differed between the non-vulnerable plaque group and the group that combined vulnerable plaques and plaques with neovascularity. The most discriminating parameter for the detection of vulnerable neovascularized plaques was the ratio of cumulated axial strain to cumulated axial translation (expressed as percentage per millimeter) (mean ratio, 39.30%/mm ± 12.80%/mm for nonvulnerable plaques without neovascularity vs 63.79%/mm ± 17.59%/mm for vulnerable plaques and nonvulnerable plaques with neovascularity, p = 0.002), giving an AUC value of 0.886. CONCLUSION The imaging parameters cumulated axial translation and the ratio of cumulated axial strain to cumulated axial translation, as computed using NIVE, were able to discriminate vulnerable carotid artery plaques characterized by MRI from nonvulnerable carotid artery plaques. Consideration of neovascularized plaques improved the performance of NIVE. NIVE may be a valuable alternative to MRI for carotid artery plaque assessment.
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Goulart AC, Armani F, Arap AM, Nejm T, Andrade JB, Bufarah HB, Dezen DHS. Relationship between periodontal disease and cardiovascular risk factors among young and middle-aged Brazilians. Cross-sectional study. SAO PAULO MED J 2017; 135:226-233. [PMID: 28746658 PMCID: PMC10019846 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2016.0357300117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: It has been suggested in the literature that periodontal disease (PD) is associated with cardiovascular risk. The objective of this study was to appraise the relationship between periodontal disease (gingivitis and periodontitis) and traditional cardiovascular risk factors (obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes and metabolic syndrome) among young and middle-aged adults attended at a health promotion and check-up center in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study at the Health Promotion and Check-up Center of Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: We consecutively evaluated 539 subjects without prior cardiovascular disease who were seen within a health promotion program that included cardiovascular and dental evaluation between February and November 2012. Odds ratios (OR) with respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the association between PD and cardiovascular risk factors were ascertained through multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS: In this sample of mean age 45 years (standard deviation, SD ± 8.8), which was 82% male, we found PD in 63.2% (gingivitis 50.6% and periodontitis 12.6%). Individuals with PD were older, more obese (without PD 15.2%; versus gingivitis 22.1% and periodontitis 32.4%) and more diabetic (without PD 5.1%; versus gingivitis 4.8% and periodontitis 13.2%), compared with those without PD. Among all cardiovascular risk factors evaluated, obesity was associated with periodontitis (multivariate OR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.23-4.52). However, after additional adjustment for oral hygiene, this finding was no longer significant (multivariate OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 0.79-3.37). CONCLUSIONS: We did not find any significant associations between cardiovascular risk factors and periodontal disease in this sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Carvalho Goulart
- MD, PhD. Clinical Epidemiologist, Health Promotion and Check-up Center, Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo (SP); and Clinical Epidemiologist, Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
| | - Favius Armani
- DDS. Dentist, Health Promotion and Check-up Center, Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
| | - Astrid Marie Arap
- MSc. Dentist, Health Promotion and Check-up Center, Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
| | - Thais Nejm
- DDS. Dentist, Health Promotion and Check-up Center, Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
| | - Juliana Barros Andrade
- DDS. Dentist, Health Promotion and Check-up Center, Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
| | - Henry Bittar Bufarah
- DDS. Dentist, Health Promotion and Check-up Center, Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
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Robust estimation of carotid artery wall motion using the elasticity-based state-space approach. Med Image Anal 2017; 37:1-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Scaramuzzino S, Carallo C, Pileggi G, Gnasso A, Spadea MF. Longitudinal Motion Assessment of the Carotid Artery Using Speckle Tracking and Scale-Invariant Feature Transform. Ann Biomed Eng 2017; 45:1865-1876. [DOI: 10.1007/s10439-017-1829-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Le Bars P, Matamoros S, Montassier E, Le Vacon F, Potel G, Soueidan A, Jordana F, de La Cochetière MF. The oral cavity microbiota: between health, oral disease, and cancers of the aerodigestive tract. Can J Microbiol 2017; 63:475-492. [PMID: 28257583 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2016-0603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Many studies show that the human microbiome plays a critical role in the chronic pathologies of obesity, inflammatory bowel diseases, and diabetes. More recently, the interaction between cancer and the microbiome has been highlighted. Most studies have focused on the gut microbiota because it represents the most extensive bacterial community, and the body of evidence correlating it with gut syndromes is increasing. However, in the strict sense, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract begins in the oral cavity, and special attention should be paid to the specific flora of this cavity. This study reviewed the current knowledge about the various microbial ecosystems of the upper part of the GI tract and discussed their potential link to carcinogenesis. The overall composition of the microbial communities, as well as the presence or absence of "key species", in relation to carcinogenesis is addressed. Alterations in the oral microbiota can potentially be used to predict the risk of cancer. Molecular advances and the further monitoring of the microbiota will increase our understanding of the role of the microbiota in carcinogenesis and open new perspectives for future therapeutic and prophylactic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Le Bars
- a UFR d'odontologie, UIC Odontologie, CHU hôtel-Dieu, Université de Nantes, 1, place Alexis Ricordeau, B.P. 84215, 44042 Nantes CEDEX 1, France
| | - Sébastien Matamoros
- b Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 1, place de l'Université, 1348 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emmanuel Montassier
- c EA 3826 Thérapeutiques cliniques et expérimentales des infections, Faculté de médecine, CHU hôtel-Dieu, Université de Nantes, 1, rue G. Veil, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Françoise Le Vacon
- d Biofortis Innovation Services - Mérieux NutriSciences, 3, route de la Chatterie, 44800 Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Gilles Potel
- c EA 3826 Thérapeutiques cliniques et expérimentales des infections, Faculté de médecine, CHU hôtel-Dieu, Université de Nantes, 1, rue G. Veil, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Assem Soueidan
- a UFR d'odontologie, UIC Odontologie, CHU hôtel-Dieu, Université de Nantes, 1, place Alexis Ricordeau, B.P. 84215, 44042 Nantes CEDEX 1, France
| | - Fabienne Jordana
- a UFR d'odontologie, UIC Odontologie, CHU hôtel-Dieu, Université de Nantes, 1, place Alexis Ricordeau, B.P. 84215, 44042 Nantes CEDEX 1, France
| | - Marie-France de La Cochetière
- c EA 3826 Thérapeutiques cliniques et expérimentales des infections, Faculté de médecine, CHU hôtel-Dieu, Université de Nantes, 1, rue G. Veil, 44000 Nantes, France
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Sjostrand S, Widerstrom A, Ahlgren AR, Cinthio M. Design and Fabrication of a Conceptual Arterial Ultrasound Phantom Capable of Exhibiting Longitudinal Wall Movement. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS, FERROELECTRICS, AND FREQUENCY CONTROL 2017; 64:11-18. [PMID: 27529873 DOI: 10.1109/tuffc.2016.2597246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The longitudinal movement of the arterial wall of large human arteries has shown promise to be an independent indicator of vascular health. Despite growing interest in this movement, its nature, causes, and implications are not fully understood, and existing phantoms have failed to show a pure longitudinal movement that is not secondary to the distension. An often overlooked aspect of the arterial wall is the interaction between the different layers. The longitudinal movement of the innermost layers, the intima and media, can be several hundred micrometers in the direction of flow during early systole. This is markedly larger than that of the adventitia, indicating that sliding occurs between the two layers. This feature was incorporated into a phantom by casting it in two parts. The molds were developed in-house using mainly a 3-D printer, a versatile and easy production method. Additionally, the phantom contains a tapered region. Using the phantom, we were able to demonstrate a pure longitudinal movement; when it was subjected to a pulsatile pressure, the wall displaced 220 [Formula: see text] (SD 40) radially and 560 [Formula: see text] (SD 74) longitudinally distal to the tapering. The motion followed the pressure variations. This paper serves as a guide for phantom production, explaining each step of the process.
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Zahnd G, Kapellas K, van Hattem M, van Dijk A, Sérusclat A, Moulin P, van der Lugt A, Skilton M, Orkisz M. A Fully-Automatic Method to Segment the Carotid Artery Layers in Ultrasound Imaging: Application to Quantify the Compression-Decompression Pattern of the Intima-Media Complex During the Cardiac Cycle. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2017; 43:239-257. [PMID: 27742139 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to introduce and evaluate a contour segmentation method to extract the interfaces of the intima-media complex in carotid B-mode ultrasound images. The method was applied to assess the temporal variation of intima-media thickness during the cardiac cycle. The main methodological contribution of the proposed approach is the introduction of an augmented dimension to process 2-D images in a 3-D space. The third dimension, which is added to the two spatial dimensions of the image, corresponds to the tentative local thickness of the intima-media complex. The method is based on a dynamic programming scheme that runs in a 3-D space generated with a shape-adapted filter bank. The optimal solution corresponds to a single medial axis representation that fully describes the two anatomical interfaces of the arterial wall. The method is fully automatic and does not require any input from the user. The method was trained on 60 subjects and validated on 184 other subjects from six different cohorts and four different medical centers. The arterial wall was successfully segmented in all analyzed images (average pixel size = 57 ± 20 mm), with average segmentation errors of 47 ± 70 mm for the lumen-intima interface, 55 ± 68 mm for the media-adventitia interface and 66 ± 90 mm for the intima-media thickness. The amplitude of the temporal variations in IMT during the cardiac cycle was significantly higher in the diseased population than in healthy volunteers (106 ± 48 vs. 86 ± 34 mm, p = 0.001). The introduced framework is a promising approach to investigate an emerging functional parameter of the arterial wall by assessing the cyclic compression-decompression pattern of the tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Zahnd
- Biomedical Imaging Group Rotterdam, Departments of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine and Medical Informatics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Kostas Kapellas
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, School of Dentistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Martijn van Hattem
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anouk van Dijk
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - André Sérusclat
- Department of Radiology, Louis Pradel Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Moulin
- Department of Endocrinology, Louis Pradel Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Aad van der Lugt
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Skilton
- Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise and Eating Disorders, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Maciej Orkisz
- Univ Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR 5220, U1206, F-69621, Lyon, France
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Yli-Ollila H, Tarvainen MP, Laitinen TP, Laitinen TM. Transfer Function Analysis of the Longitudinal Motion of the Common Carotid Artery Wall. Front Physiol 2016; 7:651. [PMID: 28082917 PMCID: PMC5186790 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The longitudinal motion of the carotid wall is a potential new measure of arterial stiffness. Despite the over decade long research on the subject, the driving force and the specific longitudinal kinetics of the carotid wall has remained unclear. In this study, a transfer function analysis with 20 healthy subjects is presented to derive how the energy from the blood pressure moves the innermost arterial wall longitudinally and how the kinetic energy is then transferred to the outermost arterial layer. The power spectrums display that the main kinetic energy of the longitudinal motion is on band 0-3 Hz with a peak on the 1.1 Hz frequency. There is a large variation among the individuals, how the energy from the blood pressure transfers into the longitudinal motion of the arterial wall since the main direction of the longitudinal motion varies individually and because early arterial stiffening potentially has an effect on the time characteristics of the energy transfer. The energy transfer from the innermost to the outermost wall layer is more straightforward: on average, a 17% of the longitudinal amplitude is lost and an 18.9 ms delay is visible on the 1.0 Hz frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heikki Yli-Ollila
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital (KYS)Kuopio, Finland; Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland (UEF)Kuopio, Finland; Department of Radiology, Kanta-Häme Central HospitalHämeenlinna, Finland
| | - Mika P Tarvainen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital (KYS)Kuopio, Finland; Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland (UEF)Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tomi P Laitinen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital (KYS)Kuopio, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Eastern Finland (UEF)Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tiina M Laitinen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital (KYS) Kuopio, Finland
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Yli-Ollila H, Tarvainen MP, Laitinen TP, Laitinen TM. Principal Component Analysis of the Longitudinal Carotid Wall Motion in Association with Vascular Stiffness: A Pilot Study. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2016; 42:2873-2886. [PMID: 27600476 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The longitudinal motion of the carotid wall during a heart cycle has a multiphasic waveform. Recent studies have examined the amplitude of this motion. Instead of amplitude measurements, we focus on making a detailed characterization of the motion waveform. Two-minute carotid ultrasound videos were obtained for 19 healthy volunteers, and a speckle tracking algorithm was used to measure the motion of the carotid wall. Principal component analysis revealed the characteristic features of wall motion and their relation to known arterial stiffness indices. By estimating two principal components, we could account for more than 92% of the variation in the motion graphs. The first principal component derived from the longitudinal motion curves was significantly correlated to pulse pressure, indicating that the main dominant base waveform of the longitudinal motion was related to blood pressure. The second principal component derived from the longitudinal motion curves had multiple significant correlations to known stiffness indices, indicating that the stronger biphasic structure of the motion curve, especially on the adventitia layer, was associated with higher distensibility and compliance, as well as reduced carotid artery stiffness. According to this study, the second principal component of the longitudinal motion may be a useful parameter reflecting vascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heikki Yli-Ollila
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kanta-Häme Central Hospital, Hämeenlinna, Finland.
| | - Mika P Tarvainen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tomi P Laitinen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tiina M Laitinen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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Yoon JH, Cho IJ, Chang HJ, Sung JM, Lee J, Ryoo H, Shim CY, Hong GR, Chung N. The Value of Elastic Modulus Index as a Novel Surrogate Marker for Cardiovascular Risk Stratification by Dimensional Speckle-Tracking Carotid Ultrasonography. J Cardiovasc Ultrasound 2016; 24:215-222. [PMID: 27721952 PMCID: PMC5050310 DOI: 10.4250/jcu.2016.24.3.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) and the presence of carotid plaque have been used for risk stratification of cardiovascular disease (CVD). To date, however, the association between multi-directional functional properties of carotid artery and CVD has not been fully elucidated. We sought to explore the multi-directional mechanics of the carotid artery in relation to cardiovascular risk. Methods Four hundred one patients who underwent carotid ultrasound were enrolled between January 2010 and April 2013. A high risk of CVD was defined as more than 20% of 10-year risk based on the Framingham risk score. Using a speckle-tracking technique, the longitudinal and radial movements were analyzed in the B-mode images. Peak longitudinal and radial displacements, strain and strain rate were also measured. Beta stiffness and elastic modulus index were calculated from the radial measurements. Results Of the overall sample, 13% (52) of patients comprised the high-risk group. In multivariate logistic regression, CIMT and elastic modulus index were independently associated with a high-risk of CVD {odds ratio (OR): 1.810 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.249–2.622] and OR: 1.767 (95% CI: 1.177–2.652); p = 0.002, 0.006, respectively}. The combination of CIMT and elastic modulus index correlated with a high-risk of CVD more so than CIMT alone. Conclusion The elastic modulus index of the carotid artery might serve as a novel surrogate marker of high-risk CVD. Measurement of the multi-directional mechanics of the carotid artery using the speckle tracking technique has potential for providing further information over conventional B-mode ultrasound for stratification of CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Yoon
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - In-Jeong Cho
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyuk-Jae Chang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.; Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Min Sung
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinyong Lee
- Infrastructure Technology Lab, Samsung Medison, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hojin Ryoo
- Infrastructure Technology Lab, Samsung Medison, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chi Young Shim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Geu-Ru Hong
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Namsik Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Au JS, Ditor DS, MacDonald MJ, Stöhr EJ. Carotid artery longitudinal wall motion is associated with local blood velocity and left ventricular rotational, but not longitudinal, mechanics. Physiol Rep 2016; 4:4/14/e12872. [PMID: 27440745 PMCID: PMC4962076 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have identified a predictable movement pattern of the common carotid artery wall in the longitudinal direction. While there is evidence that the magnitude of this carotid artery longitudinal wall motion (CALM) is sensitive to cardiovascular health status, little is known about the determinants of CALM. The purpose of this integrative study was to evaluate the contribution of left ventricular (LV) cardiac motion and local blood velocity to CALM. Simultaneous ultrasound measurements of CALM, common carotid artery mean blood velocity (MBV), and left ventricular motion were performed in ten young, healthy individuals (6 males; 22 ± 1 years). Peak anterograde CALM occurred at a similar time as peak MBV (18.57 ± 3.98% vs. 18.53 ± 2.81% cardiac cycle; t‐test: P = 0.94; ICC: 0.79, P < 0.01). The timing of maximum retrograde CALM displacement was different, but related, to both peak apical (41.00 ± 7.81% vs. 35.33 ± 5.79% cardiac cycle; t‐test: P < 0.01; ICC: 0.79, P < 0.01) and basal rotation (41.80 ± 6.12% vs. 37.30 ± 5.66% cardiac cycle; t‐test: P < 0.01; ICC: 0.74, P < 0.01) with peak cardiac displacements preceding peak CALM displacements in both cases. The association between basal rotation and retrograde CALM was further supported by strong correlations between their peak magnitudes (r = −0.70, P = 0.02), whereas the magnitude of septal longitudinal displacement was not associated with peak CALM (r = 0.11, P = 0.77). These results suggest that the rotational mechanical movement of the LV base may be closely associated with longitudinal mechanics in the carotid artery. This finding may have important implications for interpreting the complex relationship between ventricular and vascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason S Au
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - David S Ditor
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Eric J Stöhr
- Discipline of Physiology & Health, Cardiff School of Sport, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
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Tat J, Psaromiligkos IN, Daskalopoulou SS. Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque Alters the Direction of Longitudinal Motion in the Artery Wall. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2016; 42:2114-2122. [PMID: 27260245 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Longitudinal motion of the artery, a cyclical, bidirectional movement of the wall in the long axis of the artery, has recently gained interest in the characterization of artery function. The aim of this study was to evaluate longitudinal motion in patients with internal carotid atherosclerotic plaques. Speckle tracking ultrasound was used to assess common carotid artery wall motion in 12 patients with carotid plaque causing either moderate (50%-79%) or severe (80%-99%) stenosis based on the North American Carotid Endarterectomy Trial, and 23 healthy participants. Although healthy individuals were found to have a retrograde wall motion pattern, a distinct anterograde pattern was noted with plaque presence. Importantly, patients with severe plaque stenosis had greater anterograde motion (0.53 ± 0.36 mm) than those with moderate stenosis (0.17 ± 0.15 mm) (p < 0.05), likely owing to high wall shear stresses associated with greater peak systolic velocities at the site of stenosis (severe: 342.0 ± 99.4 cm/s, moderate: 177.5 ± 31.2 cm/s, p < 0.01). There were no differences in peak systolic velocities at plaque-free segments between plaque groups (severe: 80.2 ± 24.8 cm/s, moderate: 92.7 ± 23.0 cm/s). Blood flow at stenotic areas better predicted motion than plaque-free segments. We conclude that the presence of carotid plaque can have significant influence on longitudinal motion, with significantly greater anterograde displacements with increased stenosis. Future studies are needed to further investigate carotid artery wall mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy Tat
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ioannis N Psaromiligkos
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Golemati S, Gastounioti A, Nikita KS. Ultrasound-Image-Based Cardiovascular Tissue Motion Estimation. IEEE Rev Biomed Eng 2016. [DOI: 10.1109/rbme.2016.2558147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Teixeira R, Vieira MJ, Gonçalves A, Cardim N, Gonçalves L. Ultrasonographic vascular mechanics to assess arterial stiffness: a review. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2015; 17:233-46. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jev287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Gepner AD, Colangelo LA, Reilly N, Korcarz CE, Kaufman JD, Stein JH. Carotid Artery Longitudinal Displacement, Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Factors: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142138. [PMID: 26545210 PMCID: PMC4636302 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations between carotid artery longitudinal displacement, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and events were evaluated in a large, multi-ethnic cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS A novel, reproducible protocol was developed for measuring right common carotid artery longitudinal displacement using ultrasound speckle-tracking. Total longitudinal displacement was measured in 389 randomly selected participants from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis that were free of cardiovascular disease at baseline. Univariate analyses and Pearson Correlations were used to define relationships between longitudinal displacement with traditional cardiovascular risk factors and traditional measures of arterial stiffness. Hazard ratios of longitudinal displacement for cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease events were compared using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Participants were a mean (standard deviation) 59.0 (8.7) years old, 48% female, 39% White, 26% Black, 22% Hispanic, and 14% Chinese. They had 19 (4.9%) cardiovascular disease and 14 (3.6%) coronary heart disease events over a mean 9.5 years of follow-up. Less longitudinal displacement was associated with Chinese (β = -0.11, p = 0.02) compared to White race/ethnicity and greater longitudinal displacement was associated with higher carotid intima-media thickness (β = 0.26, p = 0.004). Longitudinal displacement was not associated with other cardiovascular disease risk factors or markers of arterial stiffness. After adjustment for age and sex, and heart rate, Chinese race/ethnicity (β = -0.10, p = 0.04) and carotid intima-media thickness (β = 0.30 p = 0.003) were associated independently with longitudinal displacement. Longitudinal displacement predicted coronary heart disease (Hazard ratio [HR] 3.3, 95% Confidence intervals [CI] 0.96-11.14, p = 0.06) and cardiovascular disease (HR 2.1, 95% CI 0.6-7.3, p = 0.23) events. CONCLUSIONS Less longitudinal displacement is associated with Chinese ethnicity and greater carotid artery longitudinal displacement is associated with thicker intima-media thickness. Longitudinal displacement may predict adverse coronary heart disease and cardiovascular disease events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam D. Gepner
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Laura A. Colangelo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Nicole Reilly
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Claudia E. Korcarz
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Joel D. Kaufman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - James H. Stein
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Zahnd G, Salles S, Liebgott H, Vray D, Sérusclat A, Moulin P. Real-time ultrasound-tagging to track the 2D motion of the common carotid artery wall in vivo. Med Phys 2015; 42:820-30. [PMID: 25652495 DOI: 10.1118/1.4905376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Tracking the motion of biological tissues represents an important issue in the field of medical ultrasound imaging. However, the longitudinal component of the motion (i.e., perpendicular to the beam axis) remains more challenging to extract due to the rather coarse resolution cell of ultrasound scanners along this direction. The aim of this study is to introduce a real-time beamforming strategy dedicated to acquire tagged images featuring a distinct pattern in the objective to ease the tracking. METHODS Under the conditions of the Fraunhofer approximation, a specific apodization function was applied to the received raw channel data, in real-time during image acquisition, in order to introduce a periodic oscillations pattern along the longitudinal direction of the radio frequency signal. Analytic signals were then extracted from the tagged images, and subpixel motion tracking of the intima-media complex was subsequently performed offline, by means of a previously introduced bidimensional analytic phase-based estimator. RESULTS The authors' framework was applied in vivo on the common carotid artery from 20 young healthy volunteers and 6 elderly patients with high atherosclerosis risk. Cine-loops of tagged images were acquired during three cardiac cycles. Evaluated against reference trajectories manually generated by three experienced analysts, the mean absolute tracking error was 98 ± 84 μm and 55 ± 44 μm in the longitudinal and axial directions, respectively. These errors corresponded to 28% ± 23% and 13% ± 9% of the longitudinal and axial amplitude of the assessed motion, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The proposed framework enables tagged ultrasound images of in vivo tissues to be acquired in real-time. Such unconventional beamforming strategy contributes to improve tracking accuracy and could potentially benefit to the interpretation and diagnosis of biomedical images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Zahnd
- Biomedical Imaging Group Rotterdam, Departments of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Sébastien Salles
- Université de Lyon, CREATIS, CNRS UMR 5220, INSERM U1044, INSA-Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Lyon 69100, France
| | - Hervé Liebgott
- Université de Lyon, CREATIS, CNRS UMR 5220, INSERM U1044, INSA-Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Lyon 69100, France
| | - Didier Vray
- Université de Lyon, CREATIS, CNRS UMR 5220, INSERM U1044, INSA-Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Lyon 69100, France
| | - André Sérusclat
- Department of Radiology, Louis Pradel Hospital, Lyon 69500, France
| | - Philippe Moulin
- Department of Endocrinology, Louis Pradel Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Lyon 69100, France and INSERM UMR 1060, Lyon 69500, France
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Taivainen SH, Yli-Ollila H, Juonala M, Kähönen M, Raitakari OT, Laitinen TM, Laitinen TP. Interrelationships between indices of longitudinal movement of the common carotid artery wall and the conventional measures of subclinical arteriosclerosis. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2015; 37:305-313. [DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Helena Taivainen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine; Kuopio University Hospital; Kuopio Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
| | - Heikki Yli-Ollila
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine; Kuopio University Hospital; Kuopio Finland
- Department of Applied Physics; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
| | - Markus Juonala
- Department of Medicine; University of Turku; Turku Finland
- Division of Medicine; Turku University Hospital; Turku Finland
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute; Parkville Vic. Australia
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology; Tampere University Hospital; Tampere Finland
| | - Olli T. Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine; University of Turku; Turku Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine; Turku University Hospital; Turku Finland
| | - Tiina M. Laitinen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine; Kuopio University Hospital; Kuopio Finland
| | - Tomi P. Laitinen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine; Kuopio University Hospital; Kuopio Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
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Salles S, Liebgott H, Garcia D, Vray D. Full 3-D transverse oscillations: a method for tissue motion estimation. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS, FERROELECTRICS, AND FREQUENCY CONTROL 2015; 62:1473-1485. [PMID: 26276957 DOI: 10.1109/tuffc.2015.007050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present a new method to estimate 4-D (3-D + time) tissue motion. The method used combines 3-D phase based motion estimation with an unconventional beamforming strategy. The beamforming technique allows us to obtain full 3-D RF volumes with axial, lateral, and elevation modulations. Based on these images, we propose a method to estimate 3-D motion that uses phase images instead of amplitude images. First, volumes featuring 3-D oscillations are created using only a single apodization function, and the 3-D displacement between two consecutive volumes is estimated simultaneously by applying this 3-D estimation. The validity of the method is investigated by conducting simulations and phantom experiments. The results are compared with those obtained with two other conventional estimation methods: block matching and optical flow. The results show that the proposed method outperforms the conventional methods, especially in the transverse directions.
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Tat J, Au JS, Keir PJ, MacDonald MJ. Reduced common carotid artery longitudinal wall motion and intramural shear strain in individuals with elevated cardiovascular disease risk using speckle tracking. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2015; 37:106-116. [PMID: 26183827 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Longitudinal motion of the intima-media and adventitia layers of the common carotid artery (CCA) wall were assessed with ultrasound speckle tracking in seven individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI), who are considered at increased risk of cardiovascular disease, and in seven able-bodied participants. CCA longitudinal wall displacement and intramural shear strain were compared to traditional markers of arterial health, including CCA stiffness and intima-media thickness (IMT). For each cardiac cycle, longitudinal CCA wall motion was characterized by bidirectional movement patterns containing motion retrograde to blood flow during systole, followed by antegrade motion during diastole. Relative displacement of the intima-media versus the adventitia was used to calculate longitudinal intramural shear strain and provided insight to local arterial wall properties. The retrograde intramural shear strain was smaller in individuals with SCI by 60·2% (P<0·05) compared to able-bodied participants, showing smaller peak displacements in both the intima-media (P<0·05) and adventitia (P<0·05). In the antegrade direction, there were no group differences in either longitudinal displacements or shear strain. The group differences observed in the retrograde wall motion phase were greater than those observed for CCA stiffness or IMT and were found to be independent of both indices, indicating indices of the retrograde phase intramural shear strain may be a novel and sensitive marker of vascular health. Our findings demonstrate that assessment of longitudinal arterial wall shear strain may provide valuable insight into vascular structure and function and may hold potential for the early detection of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy Tat
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jason S Au
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Peter J Keir
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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