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Che D, Lai Y, Weng Z, Li M, Huang G, Zheng M, Wang M. Self-flocculating Spirulina platensis CMB-02 to efficiently treat ammonia nitrogen of rare earth elements wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 411:131360. [PMID: 39197660 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the cyanobacteria Spirulina platensis CMB-02 (S. platensis CMB-02) with self-flocculation properties to treat the ammonia nitrogen of rare earth elements (REEs) wastewater. The results demonstrated that S. platensis CMB-02 could effectively remove total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) and total inorganic nitrogen within 5 days. Simultaneously, a self-flocculation efficiency of 82.59 % was achieved by microalga in 30 min after wastewater treatment. The pH, tightly bound extracellular polymeric substances (TB-EPS), and cell morphology of S. platensis CMB-02 were identified as key factors influencing its self-flocculation capabilities. Moreover, the established semi-continuous process with a 20 % renewal rate showed a stable treatment effect, representing a TAN degradation rate of 10.9 mg/(L·d). These obtained findings could conclude that the developed approach mediated with self-flocculating S. platensis CMB-02 was a promising way for REEs wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Che
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Yulin Lai
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Ziqi Weng
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Ming Li
- Appraisal Center for Environment and Engineering, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Guanglu Huang
- Longyan rare earth development CO., LTD., Longyan 364000, China
| | - Mingmin Zheng
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117,China
| | - Mingzi Wang
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117,China.
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2
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Lama S, Pappa M, Brandão Watanabe N, Formosa-Dague C, Marchal W, Adriaensens P, Vandamme D. Interference of extracellular soluble algal organic matter on flocculation-sedimentation harvesting of Chlorella sp. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 411:131290. [PMID: 39153690 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular soluble algal organic matter (AOM) significantly interferes with microalgae flocculation. This study investigated the effects of various AOM fractions on Chlorella sp. flocculation using ferric chloride (FeCl3), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and chitosan. All flocculants achieved high separation efficiency (87-99 %), but higher dosages were required in the presence of AOM. High molecular weight (>50 kDa) AOM fraction was identified as the primary inhibitor of flocculation across different pH levels, whereas low/medium molecular weight (<3 and <50 kDa) AOM had minimal impact. Compositional analysis revealed that the inhibitory AOM fraction is a glycoprotein rich in carbohydrates, including neutral, amino, and acidic sugars. The significance of this study is in identifying carboxyl groups (-COOH) from acidic monomers in >50 kDa AOM that inhibit flocculation. Understanding AOM composition and the interaction dynamics between AOM, cells, and flocculants is crucial for enhancing the techno-economics and sustainability of flocculation-based microalgae harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjaya Lama
- Analytical and Circular Chemistry, Institute for Materials Research (imo-imomec), Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Michaela Pappa
- Analytical and Circular Chemistry, Institute for Materials Research (imo-imomec), Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Nathalia Brandão Watanabe
- Analytical and Circular Chemistry, Institute for Materials Research (imo-imomec), Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; Chemical Engineering Department, Escola Politécnica of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Cécile Formosa-Dague
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute, Université de Toulouse, INSA, INRAE, CNRS, Toulouse, France.
| | - Wouter Marchal
- Analytical and Circular Chemistry, Institute for Materials Research (imo-imomec), Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Peter Adriaensens
- Analytical and Circular Chemistry, Institute for Materials Research (imo-imomec), Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Dries Vandamme
- Analytical and Circular Chemistry, Institute for Materials Research (imo-imomec), Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
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3
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Cheng S, Zhang H, Wang H, Mubashar M, Li L, Zhang X. Influence of algal organic matter in the in-situ flotation removal of Microcystis using positively charged bubbles. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 397:130468. [PMID: 38378102 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Positively charged bubbles efficiently capture and remove negatively charged algal cells without relying on coagulation-flocculation. However, the efficiency is notably influenced by the presence of algal organic matter (AOM). This study investigated the impact of AOM composition on flotation performance by analyzing AOM from various growth phases of Microcystis flos-aquae. The results indicated that low-concentration AOM (<5 mg C L-1), particularly the high molecular weight (>30 kDa) fractions containing high percentages of protein during the exponential growth phase, significantly improved the flotation efficiency by >18%. A high-speed camera system illustrates the pivotal role of low-concentration protein-containing AOM in forming network structures that enhance cell capture. These protein-driven network structures, which enhance the flotation efficiency, provide valuable insights into the development of effective in-situ algal bloom prevention techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaozhe Cheng
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hailing Wang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Muhammad Mubashar
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lili Li
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuezhi Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, China.
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4
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Zhang S, Cao J, Zheng Y, Hou M, Song L, Na J, Jiang Y, Huang Y, Liu T, Wei H. Insight into coagulation/flocculation mechanisms on microalgae harvesting by ferric chloride and polyacrylamide in different growth phases. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 393:130082. [PMID: 38006984 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
FeCl3 and polyacrylamide (PAM) had been used to investigate the effect of coagulation, flocculation, and their combination on algae cells and extracellular organic matter (EOM) at different phases. PAM tended to aggregate particle-like substances, while FeCl3 could interact with EOM. The content of EOM kept rising during the algae growth cycle, while OD680 peaked at about 3.0. At stationary phase Ⅰ, the removal efficiencies of UV254, turbidity and OD680 of the suspension conditioned with FeCl3 + PAM reached (88.08 ± 0.89)%, (89.72 ± 0.36)% and (93.99 ± 0.05)%, respectively. Nevertheless, PAM + FeCl3 exhibited the worst efficiency because of the release of EOM caused by the turbulence. The results suggested that algal cells served as a coagulation aid to facilitate floc formation, while excessive EOM deteriorated harvesting performance. The process of FeCl3 + PAM at stationary phase Ⅰ appears to be a promising technology for microalgae harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Zhang
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, PR China
| | - Jingyi Cao
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, PR China
| | - Yajiao Zheng
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, PR China
| | - Meifang Hou
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, PR China
| | - Lili Song
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, PR China
| | - Jiandie Na
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, PR China
| | - Yiqiang Jiang
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, PR China
| | - Yichen Huang
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, PR China
| | - Tianyi Liu
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, PR China
| | - Hua Wei
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, PR China.
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5
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Kendir S, Franzreb M. Synergies of pH-induced calcium phosphate precipitation and magnetic separation for energy-efficient harvesting of freshwater microalgae. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 391:129964. [PMID: 37926356 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Energy- and time-consuming concentration steps currently limit the industrial application of microalgae. Compared to state-of-the-art technologies, magnetic separation shows a high potential for efficient harvesting of microalgae. This study presents a novel approach to combine pH-induced calcium phosphate precipitation with cheap natural magnetite microparticles for magnetic separation of the freshwater microalgae Chlorella vulgaris. Harvesting efficiencies up to 98% were achieved at moderate pH and low particle and calcium phosphate concentrations in a model medium. However, cultivation-dependent high loads of algogenic organic matter can severely inhibit flocculation and particle/algae interactions, requiring higher salt concentrations or pH. Harvesting efficiencies above 90% were still attainable at moderate pH with increased calcium phosphate concentrations of 10mM. Acidification of the suspension to pH 5 allows for simple and reversible particle recycling. The presented process provides a promising path to universal and cost-effective harvesting, advancing the utilization of microalgae as a sustainable bioresource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sefkan Kendir
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Matthias Franzreb
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
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6
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Lai YC, Ducoste JJ, de Los Reyes FL. Growth of Dunaliella viridis in multiple cycles of reclaimed media after repeated high pH-induced flocculation and harvesting. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 891:164087. [PMID: 37209725 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Minimizing the use of water for growing microalgae is crucial for lowering the energy and costs of animal feed, food, and biofuel production from microalgae. Dunaliella spp., a haloterant species that can accumulate high intracellular levels of lipids, carotenoids, or glycerol can be harvested effectively using low-cost and scalable high pH-induced flocculation. However, the growth of Dunaliella spp. in reclaimed media after flocculation and the impact of recycling on the flocculation efficiency have not been explored. In this study, repeated cycles of growth of Dunaliella viridis in repeatedly reclaimed media from high pH-induced flocculation were studied by evaluating cell concentrations, cellular components, dissolved organic matter (DOM), and bacterial community shifts in the reclaimed media. In reclaimed media, D. viridis grew to the same concentrations of cells and intracellular components as fresh media-107 cells/mL with cellular composition of 3 % lipids, 40 % proteins, and 15 % carbohydrates-even though DOM accumulated and the dominant bacterial populations changed. There was a decrease in the maximum specific growth rate and flocculation efficiency from 0.72 d-1 to 0.45 d-1 and from 60 % to 48 %, respectively. This study shows the potential of repeated (at least five times) flocculation and reuse of media as a possible way of reducing the costs of water and nutrients with some tradeoffs in growth rate and flocculation efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chun Lai
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, 915 Partners Way, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Joel J Ducoste
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, 915 Partners Way, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Francis L de Los Reyes
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, 915 Partners Way, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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7
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Du M, Jin Y, Fan J, Zan S, Gu C, Wang J. A new pathway for anaerobic biotransformation of marine toxin domoic acid. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:5150-5160. [PMID: 35974277 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22368-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Domoic acid (DA) is a harmful algal toxin produced by marine diatom Pseudo-nitzschia and seriously threatens ecosystem and human health. However, the current knowledge on its biotransformation behavior in coastal anaerobic environment is lacking. This study investigated the anaerobic biotransformation of DA by a new marine consortium GH1. The results demonstrated that 90% of DA (1 mg L-1) was cometabolically biotransformed under sulfate-reducing condition. A new anaerobic biotransformation pathway involving DA hydration, dehydrogenation, and C-C bond cleavage was proposed, where the conjugated double-bond of DA was interrupted, resulting in the corresponding alcohols and ketones, subsequently cleaved hydrolytically, and yielding the lower molecular weight products. Desulfovibrio and Clostridiales were markedly enriched in the anaerobic biotransformation of DA, which might jointly contribute to the elevated bacterial consortium resistance and degradation to DA. This study could deepen understanding of behavior and fate for DA in marine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Du
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Jin
- Marine Ecology Department, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jingfeng Fan
- Marine Ecology Department, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Shuaijun Zan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Gu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Li X, Su K, Mou Y, Liu N, Lu T, Yu Z, Song M. Enhancement of nutrients removal and biomass accumulation of algal-bacterial symbiosis system by optimizing the concentration and type of carbon source in the treatment of swine digestion effluent. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136335. [PMID: 36087719 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The algae-bacteria symbiosis system (ABS) is used to effectively solve the problems of low carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio, low biodegradability and high ammonia toxicity in swine digestion effluent. This study examined the effects of the concentration and type of carbon source on ABS in the pollutants removal especially ammonia. When C/N ratio was 30:1 and carbon source was sodium acetate, the ABS was most conducive to the removal of nitrogen, phosphorus and COD, and to the accumulation of biomass and lipids. To make the wastewater discharge meet the relevant standard, the ABS + mono-cultivation of algae reprocessing system (MAS), was applied to actual swine digestion effluent. Through adjusting the C/N ratio in ABS to 30:1, the biomass concentration was 2.06 times higher than that of raw wastewater, and the removal efficiencies of NH4+-N, TN, TP and COD increased by 1.43, 1.46, 1.95 and 1.28 times, respectively. The final concentrations of NH4+-N, TN, TP and COD after the treatment of ABS (C/N ratio of 30:1) + MAS, were 16.98 ± 1.07 mg L-1, 18.72 ± 1.81 mg L-1, 0.48 ± 0.01 mg L-1 and 263.49 ± 11.89 mg L-1, respectively, reached the Chinese discharge standards for livestock and poultry wastewater. Bacterial community analysis showed that the dominant species of the ABS (C/N ratio of 30:1) was Corynebacterium (genus level). This study revealed that adjusting the concentration and type of carbon source was helpful to the nutrient cycling and resource utilization of ABS, indicating a feasible technique for treating high ammonia nitrogen digestate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China
| | - Kunyang Su
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China
| | - Yiwen Mou
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China
| | - Na Liu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China
| | - Tianxiang Lu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China
| | - Ze Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Mingming Song
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China.
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9
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Zhang X, Xu W, Ren P, Li W, Yang X, Zhou J, Li J, Li Z, Wang D. Effective removal of diatoms (Synedra sp.) by pilot-scale UV/chlorine-flocculation process. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Zhao Z, Blockx J, Muylaert K, Thielemans W, Szymczyk A, Vankelecom IF. Exploiting flocculation and membrane filtration synergies for highly energy-efficient, high-yield microalgae harvesting. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Dvoretsky DS, Temnov MS, Markin IV, Ustinskaya YV, Es’kova MA. Problems in the Development of Efficient Biotechnology for the Synthesis of Valuable Components from Microalgae Biomass. THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0040579522040224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Cheng S, Zhang H, Li L, Yu T, Wang Y, Tan D, Zhang X. Harvesting of Microcystis flos-aquae using dissolved air flotation: The inhibitory effect of carboxyl groups in uronic acid-containing carbohydrates. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 300:134466. [PMID: 35390405 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Harvesting algal biomass reduces nutrient loading in eutrophicated lakes and the protein-rich microalgal biomass could be recycled as feedstocks of feed and fertilizer. Due to the complexity of algogenic organic matter (AOM), the key components and functional groups in AOM that inhibit coagulation-based microalgal harvesting have not been disclosed thus far. This study quantitatively analysed the responsive compositions and functional groups of AOM involved in the dissolved air flotation (DAF) harvesting of M. flos-aquae with 1 × 109 cell L-1 density at coagulation pH 6.2. The results showed that harvesting efficiency dropped drastically from 95.5 ± 0.7% to 43 ± 0.7% in the presence of AOM (26.77 mg L-1) at the coagulant dosage of 0.75 mg L-1 and further deteriorated with increasing AOM concentration. Carbohydrates contributed 81% of the total composition of substances involved in the DAF, while the contribution of protein and humic-like substances were only 18% and 1%, respectively. Stoichiometric analysis of functional groups in carbohydrates, proteins, and humic-like substances using model components revealed that carboxyl groups in uronic acid-containing carbohydrates accounted for 76% of the total reduction in carboxyl groups, which was much higher than that in proteins (23%) and humic-like substances (1%), indicating that carboxyl groups in uronic acids containing carbohydrates were the major inhibitors. A conceptual model of charge competition was proposed to explain the inhibition mechanism of carboxyl functional groups in uronic acid-containing carbohydrates on microalgal DAF. Strategies such as preventing carboxyl deprotonation by pH reduction and employment of sweeping/bridging polymeric coagulants/flocculants were proposed for the to reduce the inhibitory effect of carboxyl functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaozhe Cheng
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lili Li
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tongbo Yu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yongpeng Wang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, China
| | - Daoyong Tan
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, China
| | - Xuezhi Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, China.
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13
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Du M, Li Z, Wang J, Wang F, Zan S, Gu C. Anaerobic biotransformation mechanism of marine toxin domoic acid. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 421:126798. [PMID: 34388926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Domoic acid (DA) is a major marine neurotoxin, occurs frequently in most of the world's coastlines and seriously threatens ecosystem and public health. However, information on its biotransformation process in coastal anaerobic environments remains unclear. In this study, the underlying mechanism of anaerobic biotransformation of DA by marine consortium GLY was investigated using the combination of liquid chromatography-high-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry and comparative metatranscriptomics analysis. The results demonstrated that DA could be cometabolically biotransformed under anaerobic conditions with pseudo-first-order reaction. Anaerobic biotransformation pathway of DA was clarified, including decarboxylation, dehydrogenation, carboxylation activation with CoA and multiple β-oxidation steps occurring at aliphatic side chain, which facilitated DA detoxification. Furthermore, anaerobic cometabolic biotransformation mechanism of glycine-DA by consortium GLY was established for the first time, a number of genes related to the metabolic pathways of glycine fermentation, fatty acid synthesis and β-oxidation were responded in the consortium GLY transcriptome and involved in the anaerobic biotransformation of DA. This study could deepen understanding of interaction mechanism between toxin DA and marine microorganisms, which provides a new insight into the DA fate and its effects on benthic microbial community in marine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Du
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Zelong Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China.
| | - Fengbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Shuaijun Zan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Chen Gu
- Power China Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited, Hangzhou 311122, China
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14
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Harvesting of different microalgae through 100-μm-pore-sized screen filtration assisted by cationic polyacrylamide and specific extracellular organic matter. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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15
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Chu R, Li S, Yin Z, Hu D, Zhang L, Xiang M, Zhu L. A fungal immobilization technique for efficient harvesting of oleaginous microalgae: Key parameter optimization, mechanism exploration and spent medium recycling. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 790:148174. [PMID: 34380256 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To confront with energy crisis, microalgae as the promising feedstock have a great potential in exploring renewable energy field, whereas the high costs related to medium preparation and biomass harvesting are the main bottleneck to hinder the development on a large scale. Though cultivation of filamentous fungi for microalgae harvesting is an efficient, sustainable and emerging method, and the studies on specific mechanisms and spent medium recycling for efficiency improvement as well as resource saving through a co-pelletization mode are urgently needed. Hence, in this study, the harvesting process of autotrophic microalgae Chlorella vulgaris by pre-cultured Aspergillus oryzae pellets was investigated systematically. The highest efficiency (99.23%) was obtained within 5 h under the optimized conditions of 30 °C, 130 rpm and fungi:algae ratio of 1:1 on a dry weight basis without demand for pH adjustment (initial value on 9.68). Charge neutralization was not the main mechanisms involved in fungi-algae aggregations, and the functional group changes on cell surfaces as well as secreted metabolites in medium could be mainly responsible for inducing the bioflocculation process. After harvesting, separated water could also effectively support microalgae re-growth. The biomass concentration in medium with 50% recycling was higher than that in fresh medium, while lipid content was increased from 24.37% to 33.97% in fully recycled medium. These results indicated that the pellet-assisted mode for algal harvesting is a promising way to promote biofuel production and resource recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Chu
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Shuangxi Li
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Zhihong Yin
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Dan Hu
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Lingbo Zhang
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Mingdeng Xiang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Liandong Zhu
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China.
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16
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Avila R, Carrero E, Vicent T, Blánquez P. Integration of enzymatic pretreatment and sludge co-digestion in biogas production from microalgae. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 124:254-263. [PMID: 33639410 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Integration of microalgae-based systems with conventional wastewater treatment plants provides an effective alternative to waste stream management. In this work, alkaline and enzymatic pretreatments of a microalgal culture mainly constituted by Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp. and cultivated in wastewater from an industrial winery wastewater treatment plant were assessed. Microalgal enzymatic pretreatments were expected to overcome algal recalcitrancy before anaerobic digestion. pH-induced flocculation at pH 10 and 11 did not enhance microalgal harvesting and solubilisation, achieving a performance similar to that of natural sedimentation. Enzymatic hydrolysis of algal biomass was carried out using three commercial enzymatic cocktails (A, B and C) at two enzymatic doses (1% and 2% (v/v)) over 3 h of exposure time at 37 °C. Since pretreatments at a 1% dose for 0.5 h and 2% dose for 2 h achieved higher solubilisation, they were selected to evaluate the influence of the pretreatment on microalgal anaerobic digestibility. Biochemical methane potential tests showed that the pretreatments increased the methane production of the raw algal biomass 3.6- to 5.3-fold. The methane yield was 9-27% higher at the lower enzyme dose. Hence, microalgae pretreated with enzymes B and C at a 1% dose were co-digested with waste activated sludge (WAS). Even when the enzyme increased the methane yield of the inoculum and the WAS, the methane yield of the raw microalgae and WAS mixture was not significantly different from that obtained when algae were enzymatically pretreated. Nonetheless, co-digestion may achieve the goals of a waste recycled bio-circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Avila
- Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering Department, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elvira Carrero
- Miguel Torres S.A., Miquel Torres i Carbó 6, 08720, Villafranca del Penedès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Vicent
- Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering Department, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paqui Blánquez
- Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering Department, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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17
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Rao NRH, Granville AM, Henderson RK. Understanding variability in algal solid-liquid separation process outcomes by manipulating extracellular protein-carbohydrate interactions. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 190:116747. [PMID: 33385876 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Coagulation-flocculation followed by sedimentation or dissolved air flotation (DAF) are processes routinely used for separating microalgae from water; however, during algae separation then can exhibit inconsistent separation, high coagulant demand, and high operating cost. To circumvent these problems, previous studies reported the development of a novel DAF process in which bubbles were modified instead of particles. While this process was shown to be sustainable and inexpensive, the problem of inconsistent algal separation across species remained. Recent research has suggested that this could be due to the varying concentration and character of algal-derived proteins and carbohydrates within the extracellular organic matter (EOM) and their associated interactions. This hypothesis is tested in the current study using the novel modified-bubble DAF process, which has been highly susceptible to EOM protein and carbohydrate concentrations and character. Biomolecular additives (commercially available proteins and carbohydrates, and algal-extracted proteins) of widely differing molecular weight (MW) and charge were dosed in varying proportions into samples containing either Chlorella vulgaris CS-42/7, Microcystis aeruginosa CS-564/01, or Microcystis aeruginosa CS-555/1 after removing the intrinsic EOM. These cell-rich suspensions were then subject to flotation using cationic bubbles modified with poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC). When additives were dosed independently, separation increased from <5% to up to 62%. The maximum separation was obtained when the dose was double the respective biopolymer concentration measured in the intrinsic EOM for the equivalent species, and, in the case of protein additives, when MW and charge were >50 kDa, and >0.5 meq·g-1, respectively, irrespective of the species tested. When evaluating steric- and charge-based protein-carbohydrate interactions on cell separation by simultaneously dosing high MW and high charge protein- and carbohydrate-additives, enhanced separation of up to 79% was achieved. It is suggested that enhanced cell separation is achieved due to proteins and carbohydrates bridging with cells and forming protein-carbohydrate-cell suprastructures in the presence of a flocculant, e.g. PDADMAC, and this only occurs when the intrinsic EOM comprises proteins and carbohydrates that have high MW (>25 kDa) and charge (>0.2 meq·g-1), and interactions with each other and with the cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R H Rao
- Algae and Organic Matter Laboratory (AOM Lab), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - A M Granville
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - R K Henderson
- Algae and Organic Matter Laboratory (AOM Lab), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
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18
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Tan X, Duan Z, Duan P, Parajuli K, Newman J, Shu X, Zhang D, Gao L, Li M. Flocculation of Microcystis unicells induced by pH regulation: Mechanism and potential application. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:127708. [PMID: 33296998 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In water treatment process, Microcystis colonies can be effectively removed by coagulants. However, the use of popular coagulants could cause adverse health effects in humans or increase the amount of sludge. Meanwhile, Microcystis unicells are much more difficult to remove than colonies, due to their small size and dispersed distribution. This study proposed and analyzed the flocculation of Microcystis unicells induced by pH regulation. The particle size, zeta potential, cell viability and integrity, cytochemical changes, and cell-to-cell connections were recorded during pH regulation. Results showed that when pH was adjusted in the range of 2.5 to 2 by HCl (1.2 M), Microcystis unicells aggregated to form flocs as large as 28 μm, which are easy to remove by filtration or sedimentation. The overwhelming majority of cells were intact and inactivated in the optimal pH range (2.5-2). Thus, pH regulation is an environment-friendly and cost-effective method to remove Microcystis unicells, which can be potentially applied to water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Tan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Zhipeng Duan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Pengfei Duan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Nanyang, 473061, China
| | - Keshab Parajuli
- School of Population and Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, Denistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Newman
- School of Civil Environment & Mining Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Xiaoqian Shu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Danfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Li Gao
- South East Water, 101 Wells Street, Frankston, VIC, 3199, Australia
| | - Ming Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Nanyang, 473061, China; College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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19
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Potocar T, Leite LDS, Daniel LA, Pivokonsky M, Matoulkova D, Branyik T. Cooking oil-surfactant emulsion in water for harvesting Chlorella vulgaris by sedimentation or flotation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 311:123508. [PMID: 32416494 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel harvesting emulsion (HEM) consisting of cooking oil in an aqueous solution of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was tested for the harvesting of a technologically important microalga, Chlorella vulgaris. The influence of HEM dose, biomass and bovine serum albumin (BSA) (model interferer compound) on harvesting efficiency (E) were studied. The HEM E was over 90% at pH 10 (0.33% (v/v) cooking oil, 6.7 mg/L of CTAB) and 12 (0.13% (v/v) cooking oil, 2.7 mg/L of CTAB). Harvesting efficiencies at pH 4 and 7 were < 73.5% due to the absence of precipitate formation. Bovine serum albumin (10 mg/L) increased the HEM dose necessary to achieve E ˃ 90% by 1.2 (pH 10), and 3 fold (pH 12). By manipulating the dose of HEM and pH, the method of harvesting (flocculation/sedimentation or flotation) was adjustable depending on the technological requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Potocar
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Luan de Souza Leite
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation Department, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense, 400, 13566-59 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Antonio Daniel
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation Department, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense, 400, 13566-59 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Martin Pivokonsky
- Institute of Hydrodynamics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Pod Patankou 30/5, 166 12 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Dagmar Matoulkova
- Research Institute of Brewing and Malting, Lipova 15, 120 44 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Branyik
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic.
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20
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Rao NRH, Granville AM, Wich PR, Henderson RK. Detailed algal extracellular carbohydrate-protein characterisation lends insight into algal solid-liquid separation process outcomes. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 178:115833. [PMID: 32339864 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness of algal solid-liquid separation processes has been impacted by the strong influence of algal extracellular organic matter (EOM), where the composition of proteins and carbohydrates and their associated interactions have been implicated. However, despite this, no studies have analysed the detailed protein and carbohydrate composition in EOM in relation to their impacts on separation. Hence, the aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the variety of carbohydrates and proteins present in the EOM of select algal and cyanobacterial samples and the associated separation performance to better understand the influence of specific biopolymers. The protein and carbohydrate composition of the EOM of three species - Microcystis aeruginosa CS-555/1, Chlorella vulgaris CS-42/7 and Microcystis aeruginosa CS-564/01, previously observed to result in variable treatment performance were investigated. The carbohydrates were analysed via high-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) with pulsed amperometric detection (PAD) while the proteins were analysed using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) combined with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Ten unique monosaccharides were identified; of these, the greatest proportion of charged uronic acid carbohydrates were present in the EOM of M. aeruginosa CS-564/01. The protein profiling revealed that M. aeruginosa CS-564/01 had a greater proportion and concentration of proteins >75 kDa when compared to M. aeruginosa CS-555/1 or C. vulgaris CS-42/7. It was determined that three serine- and two threonine-based proteins, detected in greater concentrations in M. aeruginosa CS-564/01 than CS-555/1, could covalently interact with carbohydrates (OHenderson et al., 2010a, 2010b-linked glycosylation). These proteins have the ability to form numerous localised networks with carbohydrates and cells in the presence of coagulant molecules, thereby providing a good hypothesis to explain the excellent treatment performance observed for M. aeruginosa CS-564/01 previously. It is proposed that the uronic acids in M. aeruginosa CS-564/01 could interact with proteins via glycosylation, explaining why the coagulant demand for this strain remained low despite the high charged carbohydrate concentration. Overall, it is proposed that process performance could be impacted by: (a) physicochemical characteristics and (b) carbohydrate-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R H Rao
- Algae and Organic Matter Laboratory (AOM Lab), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia; Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - A M Granville
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - P R Wich
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - R K Henderson
- Algae and Organic Matter Laboratory (AOM Lab), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
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21
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Feng S, Liu F, Zhu S, Feng P, Wang Z, Yuan Z, Shang C, Chen H. Performance of a microalgal-bacterial consortium system for the treatment of dairy-derived liquid digestate and biomass production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 306:123101. [PMID: 32197188 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To enhance the treatment performance of dairy-derived liquid digestate (DLD) using microalgal-bacterial consortium system composed of Chlorella vulgaris and indigenous bacteria (CV), activated sludge was introduced to form a new microalgal-bacterial consortium system (Co-culture). The activated sludge shortened the lag phase and increased the specific growth rate of C. vulgaris (0.56 d-1). The biomass yield in the Co-culture was 2.72 g L-1, which was lower than that in the CV (3.24 g L-1), but the Co-culture had an improved COD (chemical oxygen demand) removal (25.26%) compared to the CV (13.59%). Quantitative PCR and metagenomic analyses demonstrated that microalgae also promoted bacterial growth, but influenced differently on the bacterial communities of indigenous bacteria and activated sludge. Compared with indigenous bacteria, activated sludge was more prone to forming a favorable symbiosis with C. vulgaris. These findings contribute to the construction of efficient microalgal-bacterial consortium system in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siran Feng
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Fen Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shunni Zhu
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Pingzhong Feng
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhongming Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhenhong Yuan
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Changhua Shang
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541006, China
| | - Huanjun Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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22
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Microalgae – A green multi-product biorefinery for future industrial prospects. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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23
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Chen Z, Shao S, He Y, Luo Q, Zheng M, Zheng M, Chen B, Wang M. Nutrients removal from piggery wastewater coupled to lipid production by a newly isolated self-flocculating microalga Desmodesmus sp. PW1. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 302:122806. [PMID: 31982846 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A newly isolated microalgal strain, Desmodesmus sp. PW1, possessing not only high potential for removing nitrogen and phosphorous from piggery wastewater but excellent self-flocculating ability, was provided here. Strain PW1 grew well in diluted and undiluted piggery wastewater, and could effectively remove total nitrogen and total phosphorus with removal rates up to 90% and 70%, respectively. In the laboratory scale by 30-L photobioreactor, microalga also performed well in TN (65.3%) and TP (83.5%) removal. Strain PW1 cultivated in the stationary phase achieved high self-flocculating efficiency (>90%) in 2.5 h of settling; meanwhile, temperature and pH slightly influenced on the flocculation. The potential mechanism on self-flocculation was considered related to hydrophobic extracellular polymeric substances. Furthermore, the fatty acid compositions of PW1 were mainly hexadecanoic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid. Taken together, Desmodesmus sp. PW1 was the promising candidate to overcome the microalgae harvesting problem in piggery wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China
| | - Shanshan Shao
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China
| | - Yongjin He
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China
| | - Qingqing Luo
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China
| | - Mingmin Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China
| | - Meiqing Zheng
- Fuzhou Clean Biotech Co., Ltd., Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Bilian Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China; Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China
| | - Mingzi Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China; Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China.
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24
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Baroni É, Cao B, Webley PA, Scales PJ, Martin GJO. Nitrogen Availability and the Nature of Extracellular Organic Matter of Microalgae. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b05426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Érico Baroni
- Algal Processing Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Particulate Fluids Processing Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Bingdi Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Paul A. Webley
- Algal Processing Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Peter J. Scales
- Algal Processing Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Particulate Fluids Processing Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Gregory J. O. Martin
- Algal Processing Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Particulate Fluids Processing Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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25
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Oliveira HR, Bassin ID, Cammarota MC. Bioflocculation of cyanobacteria with pellets of Aspergillus niger: Effects of carbon supplementation, pellet diameter, and other factors in biomass densification. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 294:122167. [PMID: 31563740 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
One of the hurdles of renewable energy production from photosynthetic microorganisms is separating the biomass from water in cultures. Bioflocculation with filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger, an alternative low-cost method used for such separation, was studied with four cyanobacteria. Cocultures with Spirulina maxima and Synechococcus subsalsus resulted in bioflocculation efficiencies up to 94%, while with Anabaena variabilis and Anabaena siamensis bioflocculation did not occur. S. subsalsus was selected to evaluate the effect of cyanobacterial initial concentration, fungal:cyanobacterial ratio, carbon supplementation, and pH on biomass densification. Bioflocculation efficiencies up to 98% in 48 h were obtained with fungal:cyanobacterial ratio 1:5 and carbon supplementation. Despite the lower efficiency (54%), the highest concentration factor of S. subsalsus suspension (62.8 - from 0.9 to 56.5 g/L) was obtained with ratio 1:5 without supplementation. This result was attributed to the smaller pellet diameter (2.5 mm) and indicated that lower pellet growth is better for biomass densification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena R Oliveira
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Bloco E, Sala 203, Cidade Universitária, 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Isabelli D Bassin
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Bloco E, Sala 203, Cidade Universitária, 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Magali C Cammarota
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Bloco E, Sala 203, Cidade Universitária, 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Rashid N, Nayak M, Suh WI, Lee B, Chang YK. Efficient microalgae removal from aqueous medium through auto-flocculation: investigating growth-dependent role of organic matter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:27396-27406. [PMID: 31327138 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05904-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the growth-dependent role of algal organic matters (AOMs) to achieve high removal efficiency (R.E) of microalgae. The results showed that the microalgae cells produced 96 ± 2% of total AOMs as loose bound AOMSS (LB-AOMs) and 4 ± 1% as cell-bound (CB-AOMs) in exponential phase. In stationary phase, LB-AOMs and CB-AOMs were 46 ± 0.7percentage and 54 ± 0.2 percentage, respectively. The R.Es in exponential and stationary phase were 83 ± 2.6% and 66 ± 1.2%, respectively. It is found that the difference of biomass concentration (between exponential and stationary phase) had no significant impact on the R.E (P > 0.01). Further investigations revealed that LB-AOMs inhibit flocculation in exponential and CB-AOMs in stationary phase; however, CB-AOMs showed stronger inhibition than the LB-AOMs (P < 0.01). The provision of calcium (17 ± 0.9 mg/L) to the culture reduced the AOMs inhibition and improved the R.E from 66 ± 1.2% (in control) to 90 ± 4.2%. An increase in R.E was attributed to the interaction of calcium with AOMs and subsequently acting as a flocculant. The findings of this study can be valuable to improve the performance of auto-flocculation technology, which is mainly limited by the presence of AOMs. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naim Rashid
- Advanced Biomass R&D Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291- Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Manoranjan Nayak
- Advanced Biomass R&D Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291- Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - William I Suh
- Advanced Biomass R&D Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291- Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Bongsoo Lee
- Advanced Biomass R&D Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291- Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Microbial and Nano Materials, College of Science and Technology, Mokwon University, 88 Doanbuk-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, 35349, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong-Keun Chang
- Advanced Biomass R&D Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291- Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Leite LDS, Daniel LA, Pivokonsky M, Novotna K, Branyikova I, Branyik T. Interference of model wastewater components with flocculation of Chlorella sorokiniana induced by calcium phosphate precipitates. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 286:121352. [PMID: 31030067 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Amongst harvesting processes, alkaline flocculation stands out as a technically feasible and low cost method. The interference of model wastewater components with alkaline flocculation of Chlorella sorokiniana (pH 8-12), induced by calcium phosphate (CaP) precipitates, was evaluated. Between the compounds tested, inorganic nitrogen, sodium alginate, salinity and algal organic matter had no effect on flocculation efficiency (FE). The negative effect of humic acids, sodium dodecyl sulphate and alkalinity on FE was partial. Bovine serum albumin and bacterial organic matter (BOM) of Escherichia coli showed the strongest disruption of FE. The impact of BOM can be explained by the high protein content (65% of total organic carbon). Proteins, negatively charged at alkaline pH, interrupt microalgae flocculation by preferentially interacting with positively charged CaP precipitates. The simultaneous effects of multiple substances were tested to simulate real wastewater. The results confirm the need to investigate the composition of wastewater prior to alkaline flocculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan de Souza Leite
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense, 400, 13566-59 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Luiz Antonio Daniel
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense, 400, 13566-59 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Martin Pivokonsky
- Institute of Hydrodynamics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Pod Patankou 30/5, 166 12 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Novotna
- Institute of Hydrodynamics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Pod Patankou 30/5, 166 12 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Irena Branyikova
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojova 2/135, 165 02 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Branyik
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic.
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28
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Huang Y, Wei C, Liao Q, Xia A, Zhu X, Zhu X. Biodegradable branched cationic starch with high C/N ratio for Chlorella vulgaris cells concentration: Regulating microalgae flocculation performance by pH. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 276:133-139. [PMID: 30623867 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.12.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To improve the carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio of harvested microalgae biomass for better producing biogas by fermentation, biodegradable cationic starch with high C/N ratio were synthesized to harvest Chlorella vulgaris. The impact of pH was also studied as the zeta potential of both microalgae and cationic starch would change with pH. Results indicated the cationic starch can harvest above 99% of the microalgae and the C/N ratio can rise from 7.50 to 7.90. The zeta potential of microalgae always kept negative and presented a trend of descending firstly and then upgrade. The maximum microalgae biomass flocculation capacity of 1 g cationic starch was 8.62 g with the help of self-flocculation at pH 3. The concentration of flocs formed at pH 11 was 25.74 g L-1 and the diameter was 0.553 mm which was much larger than the flocs formed at pH 3 (0.208 mm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Chaoyang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Qiang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Ao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xianqing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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29
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Identifying a marine microalgae with high carbohydrate productivities under stress and potential for efficient flocculation. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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30
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Vandamme D, Gheysen L, Muylaert K, Foubert I. Impact of harvesting method on total lipid content and extraction efficiency for Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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't Lam G, Vermuë M, Eppink M, Wijffels R, van den Berg C. Multi-Product Microalgae Biorefineries: From Concept Towards Reality. Trends Biotechnol 2018; 36:216-227. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Peng Q, Zhao M, Shen G, Gan X, Li M. Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) promotes sedimentation and lipid accumulation in Scenedesmus obliquus. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra27664d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate promotes sedimentation by inducing colony formation of Scenedesmus obliquus. It also promotes lipid accumulation in S. obliquus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Peng
- College of Food Science
- Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University
- Yangling 712100
- PR China
| | - Miaomiao Zhao
- College of Resources and Environment
- Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University
- Yangling 712100
- PR China
| | - Guangzhu Shen
- College of Resources and Environment
- Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University
- Yangling 712100
- PR China
| | - Xinyu Gan
- College of Resources and Environment
- Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University
- Yangling 712100
- PR China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Resources and Environment
- Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University
- Yangling 712100
- PR China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China
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33
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Lama S, Muylaert K, Karki TB, Foubert I, Henderson RK, Vandamme D. Flocculation properties of several microalgae and a cyanobacterium species during ferric chloride, chitosan and alkaline flocculation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 220:464-470. [PMID: 27611030 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.08.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Flocculation holds great potential as a low-cost harvesting method for microalgae biomass production. Three flocculation methods (ferric chloride, chitosan, and alkaline flocculation) were compared in this study for the harvesting of 9 different freshwater and marine microalgae and one cyanobacterium species. Ferric chloride resulted in a separation efficiency greater than 90% with a concentration factor (CF) higher than 10 for all species. Chitosan flocculation worked generally very well for freshwater microalgae, but not for marine species. Alkaline flocculation was most efficient for harvesting of Nannochloropsis, Chlamydomonas and Chlorella sp. The concentration factor was highly variable between microalgae species. Generally, minimum flocculant dosages were highly variable across species, which shows that flocculation may be a good harvesting method for some species but not for others. This study shows that microalgae and cyanobacteria species should not be selected solely based on their productivity but also on their potential for low-cost separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjaya Lama
- Laboratory for Aquatic Biology, KU Leuven Campus Kulak, Etienne Sabbelaan 53, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium; Department of Biotechnology, School of Science, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel, Nepal
| | - Koenraad Muylaert
- Laboratory for Aquatic Biology, KU Leuven Campus Kulak, Etienne Sabbelaan 53, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Tika Bahadur Karki
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Science, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel, Nepal
| | - Imogen Foubert
- KU Leuven Kulak, Research Unit Food & Lipids, Department of Molecular and Microbial Systems Kulak, Etienne Sabbelaan 53, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium; Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Rita K Henderson
- bioMASS lab, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Dries Vandamme
- Laboratory for Aquatic Biology, KU Leuven Campus Kulak, Etienne Sabbelaan 53, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium.
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Bilanovic D, Holland M, Starosvetsky J, Armon R. Co-cultivation of microalgae and nitrifiers for higher biomass production and better carbon capture. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 220:282-288. [PMID: 27584904 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.08.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study co-cultivation of nitrifiers with microalgae as a non-intrusive technique for selective removal of oxygen generated by microalgae. Biomass concentration was, at least, 23% higher in mixed-cultures where nitrifiers kept the dissolved oxygen concentration below 9.0μLL(-1) than in control Chlorella vulgaris axenic-cultures where the concentration of dissolved oxygen was higher than 10.0μLL(-1). This approach to eliminating oxygen inhibition of microalgal growth could become the basis for the development of advanced microalgae reactors for removal of CO2 from the atmosphere, and concentrated CO2 streams. CO2 sequestration would become a chemically and geologically safer and environmentally more sound technology provided it uses microalgal, or other biomass, instead of CO2, for carbon storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragoljub Bilanovic
- Center for Environmental, Earth, and Space Studies, Bemidji State University, Bemidji, MN, USA.
| | - Mark Holland
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salisbury University, Salisbury, MD, USA.
| | - Jeanna Starosvetsky
- Division of Environmental, Water, and Agriculture Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel.
| | - Robert Armon
- Division of Environmental, Water, and Agriculture Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel.
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