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Lhamo P, Mahanty B. Dynamic Model Selection and Optimal Batch Design for Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Production by Cupriavidus necator. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:2630-2651. [PMID: 37610515 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04683-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Mathematical modelling of microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) production is essential to develop optimal bioprocess design. Though the use of mathematical models in PHA production has increased over the years, the selection of kinetics and model identification strategies from experimental data remains largely heuristic. In this study, PHA production from Cupriavidus necator utilizing sucrose and urea was modelled using a parametric discretization approach. Product formation kinetics and relevant parameters were established from urea-free experimental sets, followed by the selection of growth models from a batch containing both sucrose and urea. Logistic growth and Luedeking-Piret model for PHA production was selected based on regression coefficient (R2: 0.941), adjusted R2 (0.930) and AICc values (-42.764). Model fitness was further assessed through cross-validation, confidence interval and sensitivity analysis of the parameters. Model-based optimal batch startup policy, incorporating multi-objective desirability, suggests an accumulation of 2.030 g l-1 of PHA at the end of 120 h. The modelling framework applied in this study can be used not only to avoid over-parameterization and identifiability issues but can also be adopted to design optimal batch startup policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pema Lhamo
- Division of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore, 641114, India
| | - Biswanath Mahanty
- Division of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore, 641114, India.
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2
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Wei Z, Qin Y, Li X, Gao P. Resource recovery of high value-added products from wastewater: Current status and prospects. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 398:130521. [PMID: 38432547 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Wastewater resource recovery not only allows the extraction of value-added products and offsets the operational costs of wastewater treatment, but it is also conducive to alleviating adverse environmental issues due to energy and chemical inputs and associated emissions. A number of attractive compounds such as alginate-like polymers, struvite, polyhydroxyalkanoates, and sulfated polysaccharides, were found and successfully obtained from wastewater and have a wide range of application prospects. The aim of this work is to provide a comprehensive review of recent advances in recovery of these popular products from wastewater, and their physicochemical properties, main sources, and current recovery status are summarized. Various factors influencing the recovery performance of these materials are thoroughly discussed. Moreover, the research needs and future directions towards wastewater resource recovery are highlighted. This study can provide valuable insights for future research endeavors aiming to improve wastewater resource recovery through the retrieval of high value-added products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Wei
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yan Qin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Pin Gao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agroenvironmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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3
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Gao X, Zhang L, Liu J, Zhang Y, Peng Y. First application of the novel anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic (AOA) process for advanced nutrient removal in a wastewater treatment plant. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 252:121234. [PMID: 38310803 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
The stringent effluent quality standards in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) can effectively mitigate environmental issues such as eutrophication by reducing the discharge of nutrients into water environments. However, the current wastewater treatment process often struggles to achieve advanced nutrient removal while also saving energy and reducing carbon consumption. The first full-scale anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic (AOA) system was established with a wastewater treatment scale of 40,000 m3/d. Over one year of operation, the average TN and TP concentration in the effluent of 7.53 ± 0.81 and 0.37 ± 0.05 mg/L was achieved in low TN/COD (C/N) ratio (average 5) wastewater treatment. The post-anoxic zones fully utilized the internal carbon source stored in pre-anaerobic zones, removing 41.29 % of TN and 36.25 % of TP. Intracellular glycogen (Gly) and proteins in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) served as potential drivers for post-anoxic denitrification and phosphorus uptake. The sludge fermentation process was enhanced by the long anoxic hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the AOA system. The relative abundance of fermentative bacteria was 31.66 - 55.83 %, and their fermentation metabolites can provide additional substrates and energy for nutrient removal. The development and utilization of internal carbon sources in the AOA system benefited from reducing excess sludge production, energy conservation, and advanced nutrient removal under carbon-limited. The successful full-scale validation of the AOA process provided a potentially transformative technology with wide applicability to WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjie Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Liang Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Jinjin Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Beijing Belant Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
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Jantharadej K, Jaroensawat J, Matanachai K, Limpiyakorn T, Tobino T, Thayanukul P, Suwannasilp BB. Bioaugmentation of Thauera mechernichensis TL1 for enhanced polyhydroxyalkanoate production in mixed microbial consortia for wastewater treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 916:170240. [PMID: 38278252 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is a fully biodegradable bioplastic. To foster a circular economy, the integration of PHA production into wastewater treatment facilities can be accomplished using mixed microbial consortia. The effectiveness of this approach relies greatly on the enrichment of PHA-accumulating microorganisms. Hence, our study focused on bioaugmenting Thauera mechernichensis TL1 into mixed microbial consortia with the aim of enriching PHA-accumulating microorganisms and enhancing PHA production. Three sequencing batch reactors-SBRctrl, SBR2.5%, and SBR25%-were operated under feast/famine conditions. SBR2.5% and SBR25% were bioaugmented with T. mechernichensis TL1 at 2.5%w/w of mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS) and 25%w/w MLVSS, respectively, while SBRctrl was not bioaugmented. SBR2.5% and SBR25% achieved maximum PHA accumulation capacities of 56.3 %gPHA/g mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) and 50.2 %gPHA/gMLSS, respectively, which were higher than the 25.4 %gPHA/gMLSS achieved by SBRctrl. The results of quantitative polymerase chain reaction targeting the 16S rRNA gene specific to T. mechernichensis showed higher abundances of T. mechernichensis in SBR2.5% and SBR25% compared with SBRctrl in the 3rd, 17th, and 31st cycles. Fluorescence in situ hybridization, together with fluorescent staining of PHA with Nile blue A, confirmed PHA accumulation in Thauera spp. The study demonstrated that bioaugmentation of T. mechernichensis TL1 at 2.5%w/w MLVSS is an effective strategy to enhance PHA accumulation and facilitate the enrichment of PHA-accumulating microorganisms in mixed microbial consortia. The findings could contribute to the advancement of PHA production from wastewater, enabling the transformation of wastewater treatment plants into water and resource recovery facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krittayapong Jantharadej
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jarataroon Jaroensawat
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanin Matanachai
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tawan Limpiyakorn
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Biotechnology for Wastewater Engineering Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tomohiro Tobino
- Department of Urban Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Parinda Thayanukul
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Vectors and Vector-Borne Diseases, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Benjaporn Boonchayaanant Suwannasilp
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Biotechnology for Wastewater Engineering Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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5
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Zeng Y, Zeng M, Cheng Y, Long B, Wu J. Cultivation of autotrophic nitrifying granular sludge for simultaneous removal of ammonia nitrogen and Tl(I). ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 44:4017-4032. [PMID: 35574708 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2077659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Autotrophic nitrifying granular sludge (ANGS) was cultivated for the simultaneous removal of ammonia nitrogen and Tl(I) from inorganic wastewater. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the influent gradually decreased to approximately zero in four parallel sequencing batch reactors (B1: blank controller, B2: 10 mL of added nitrifying bacteria concentrate in each cycle, B3: 1 mg/L Tl(I) added in each cycle and B4: 10 mL of added nitrifying bacteria concentrate and 1 mg/L Tl(I) in each cycle) within 15 days. The main properties, such as the granulation rate and specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) of the ANGS in B1, B2, B3 and B4 tended to be stable within 40, 33, 30 and 33 days, the removal efficiencies of Tl(I) were 59.5%-82.9% and 57.1%-88.6% in B3 and B4 after Day 30, the removal efficiencies of ammonia nitrogen in B1, B2, B3 and B4 were usually above 90% after Day 33, and the total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) in the effluent of B1, B2, B3 and B4 gradually stabilized after Day 36, 32, 32 and 36, indicating that mature ANGS was successfully cultivated in B1, B2, B3 and B4 within 40, 33, 33 and 36 days. The nitrogen degradation kinetic parameters of ANGS indicated that B3 had the strongest ability to remove ammonia and nitrite, suggesting that Tl(I) stress was beneficial to ammonia nitrogen removal and nitrite oxidation. The adsorption of Tl(I) can be described by the Freundlich equation, and the addition of external nitrifying bacteria improved the adsorption ability of ANGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zeng
- School of Civil and Surveying & Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjing Zeng
- School of Civil and Surveying & Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Cheng
- School of Civil and Surveying & Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Long
- School of Civil and Surveying & Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Wu
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Pingdingshan, People's Republic of China
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Gottardo M, Zanatta S, Modesti M, Lorini L, Pavan P, Valentino F. Oxygen limitation in aerobic polyhydroxyalkanoates production from sewage sludge anaerobic fermentation liquids under low and medium organic loading rate. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139468. [PMID: 37442385 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The present study describes the microbial production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) from thermally pre-treated sewage sludge at pilot scale level, investigating for the first time the effect of the organic loading rate (OLR) under oxygen limitation on biomass storage properties and kinetics. Polymer characteristics have been also evaluated. The selection/enrichment of PHA-storing biomass was successfully achieved in a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) under short hydraulic retention time (HRT; 2 days). Low OLR (2.05 g COD/L d) was ideal for the selection of an efficient PHA-producing consortium cultivated under limited oxygen availability. In the fed-batch accumulation conducted under high DO regime, such biomass was characterized by 51% of PHA content on cell dry weight, with a related storage yield (YP/Sbatch) of 0.61 CODPHA/CODS. On the contrary, medium OLR (4.56 g COD/L d) was not technically feasible to sustain the required consortium's selection under low DO regime. The PHA produced by biomass cultivated under low DO regime was characterized higher thermal stability and crystalline domain compared to PHA traditionally produced under high DO regime. The mass balance assessment highlighted a global yield of 51 g PHA/kg VS (volatile solids of thickened sludge), which was 9% lower than yield obtained under high DO regime, in the face of a realistic reduction of the energy cost of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gottardo
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Mestre-Venice, Italy.
| | - Silvia Zanatta
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Michele Modesti
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padua, Italy; Centre for Mechanics of Biological Materials, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Laura Lorini
- Department of Chemistry, La Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Pavan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Mestre-Venice, Italy
| | - Francesco Valentino
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Mestre-Venice, Italy
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7
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Almeida JR, León ES, Corona EL, Fradinho JC, Oehmen A, Reis MAM. Ammonia impact on the selection of a phototrophic - chemotrophic consortium for polyhydroxyalkanoates production under light-feast / dark-aerated-famine conditions. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 244:120450. [PMID: 37574626 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Phototrophic polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production is an emerging technology for recovering carbon and nutrients from diverse wastewater streams. However, reliable selection methods for the enrichment of PHA accumulating purple phototrophic bacteria (PPB) in phototrophic mixed cultures (PMC) are needed. This research evaluates the impact of ammonia on the selection of a PHA accumulating phototrophic-chemotrophic consortium, towards the enrichment of PHA accumulating PPB. The culture was operated under light-feast/dark-aerated-famine and winter simulated-outdoor conditions (13.2 ± 0.9 °C, transient light, 143.5 W/m2), using real fermented domestic wastewater with molasses as feedstock. Three ammonia supply strategies were assessed: 1) ammonia available only in the light phase, 2) ammonia always present and 3) ammonia available only during the dark-aerated-famine phase. Results showed that the PMC selected under 1) ammonia only in the light and 3) dark-famine ammonia conditions, presented the lowest PHA accumulation capacity during the light period (11.1 % g PHA/g VSS and 10.4 % g PHA/g VSS, respectively). In case 1), the absence of ammonia during the dark-aerated-famine phase did not promote the selection of PHA storing PPB, whereas in case 3) the absence of ammonia during the light period favoured cyanobacteria growth as well as purple sulphur bacteria with increased non-PHA inclusions, resulting in an overall decrease of phototrophic PHA accumulation capacity. The best PHA accumulation performance was obtained with selection under permanent presence of ammonia (case 2), which attained a PHA content of 21.6 % g PHA/g VSS (10.2 Cmmol PHA/L), at a production rate of 0.57 g PHA/L·day, during the light period in the selection reactor. Results in case 2 also showed that feedstock composition impacts the PMC performance, with feedstocks richer in more reduced volatile fatty acids (butyric and valeric acids) decreasing phototrophic performance and leading to acids entering the dark-aerated phase. Nevertheless, the presence of organic carbon in the aerated phase was not detrimental to the system. In fact, it led to the establishment of a phototrophic-chemotrophic consortium that could photosynthetically accumulate a PHA content of 13.2 % g PHA/g VSS (6.7 Cmmol PHA/L) at a production rate of 0.20 g PHA/L·day in the light phase, and was able to further increase that storage up to 18.5 % g PHA/g VSS (11.0 Cmmol PHA/L) at a production rate of 1.35 g PHA/L·day in the dark-aerated period. Furthermore, the light-feast/dark-aerated-famine operation was able to maintain the performance of the selection reactor under winter conditions, unlike non-aerated PMC systems operated under summer conditions, suggesting that night-time aeration coupled with the constant presence of ammonia can contribute to overcoming the seasonal constraints of outdoor operation of PMCs for PHA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Almeida
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - E Serrano León
- FCC Servicios Ciudadanos, Av. del Camino de Santiago, 40, edificio 3, 4ª planta, 28050 Madrid, Spain
| | - E Lara Corona
- FCC Servicios Ciudadanos, Av. del Camino de Santiago, 40, edificio 3, 4ª planta, 28050 Madrid, Spain
| | - J C Fradinho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - A Oehmen
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - M A M Reis
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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8
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Zhang Z, Lin Y, Wu S, Li X, Cheng JJ, Yang C. Effect of composition of volatile fatty acids on yield of polyhydroxyalkanoates and mechanisms of bioconversion from activated sludge. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023:129445. [PMID: 37399967 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) is green biodegradable natural polymer. Here PHA production from volatile fatty acids (VFAs) was investigated in sequential batch reactors inoculated with activated sludge. Single or mixed VFAs ranging from acetate to valerate were evaluated, and the dominant VFA concentration was 2 times of that of the others in the tests. Results showed that mixed substrates achieved about 1.6 times higher yield of PHA production than single substrate. The butyrate-dominated substrates maximized PHA content at 72.08% of VSS, and the valerate-dominated substrates were followed with PHA content at 61.57%. Metabolic flux analysis showed the presence of valerate in the substrates caused a more robust PHA production. There was at least 20% of 3-hydroxyvalerate in the polymer. Hydrogenophaga and Comamonas were the main PHA producers. As VFAs could be produced in anaerobic digestion of organic wastes, the methods and data here could be referred for efficient green bioconversion of PHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Yan Lin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Shaohua Wu
- Academy of Environmental and Resource Sciences, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Hunan Urban and Rural Environmental Construction Co., Ltd, Changsha, Hunan 410118, China
| | - Jay J Cheng
- Academy of Environmental and Resource Sciences, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China; Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Chunping Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Academy of Environmental and Resource Sciences, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China; School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330063, China.
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9
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Pinto-Ibieta F, Cea M, Serrano A, Felissia FE, Area MC, Cabrera F, Ciudad G. Toward the use of mixed microbial cultures for the biological production of adipic and levulinic acid. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1224543. [PMID: 37448576 PMCID: PMC10338001 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1224543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological synthesis of high added-value compounds like adipic acid (AA), levulinic acid (LA), or polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) using pure culture has been separately reported. However, pure culture requires sterile conditions and the use of specific carbon sources resulting in high operating costs. Different alternatives based on the use of mixed microbial cultures (MMC) have been explored to resolve this problem. MMC have been widely reported for the production of PHB, but scarcely reported for LA production and never for AA synthesis. This work presents a novel strategy for the co-production of AA LA, and PHB using MMC. The strategy consists in selecting an MMC producer of AA, LA and PHB from an inoculum obtained from a wastewater treatment plant, which is then subjected to the feast and famine culture strategy in a sequential batch reactor, coupled with a batch reactor step to enhance the accumulation of AA and LA. The results showed that the MMC could produce a 16 ± 2, 23 ± 1 and 5 ± %1 (g compound/g volatile solids) of AA, LA and PHB, respectively, using a non-fermented residual biomass rich in pentose, namely synthetic hemicellulose hydrolysate (SHH) as the carbon source. These results contribute to generating future research to better understand and optimise the biosynthesis of these compounds by MMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Pinto-Ibieta
- Departamento de Procesos Industriales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Mara Cea
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Antonio Serrano
- Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Microbiology, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Fernando E. Felissia
- IMAM, UNaM, CONICET, FCEQYN, Programa de Celulosa y Papel (PROCYP), Posadas, Argentina
| | - María Cristina Area
- IMAM, UNaM, CONICET, FCEQYN, Programa de Celulosa y Papel (PROCYP), Posadas, Argentina
| | - Francisco Cabrera
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco, Chile
| | - Gustavo Ciudad
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Instituto del Medio Ambiente (IMA), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
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10
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Samaei SHA, Chen J, Xue J. Current progress of continuous-flow aerobic granular sludge: A critical review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 875:162633. [PMID: 36889385 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is promising for water resource recovery. Despite the mature granulation strategies in sequencing batch reactor (SBR), the application of AGS-SBR in wastewater treatment is usually costly as it requires extensive infrastructure conversion (e.g., from continuous-flow reactor to SBR). In contrast, continuous-flow AGS (CAGS) that does not require such infrastructure conversion is a more cost-effective strategy to retrofit existing wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Formation of aerobic granules in both batch and continuous-flow mode depends on many factors, including selection pressure, feast/famine conditions, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and environmental conditions. Compared with AGS in SBR, creating proper conditions to facilitate granulation in continuous-flow mode is challenging. Researchers have been seeking to tackle this bottleneck by studying the impacts of selection pressure, feast/famine conditions, and operating parameters on granulation and granule stability in CAGS. This review paper summarizes the state-of-the-art knowledge regarding CAGS for wastewater treatment. Firstly, we discuss the CAGS granulation process and effective parameters (i.e., selection pressure, feast/famine conditions, hydrodynamic shear force, reactor configuration, the role of EPS, and other operating factors). Then, we evaluate CAGS performance in removing COD, nitrogen, phosphorus, emerging pollutants, and heavy metals from wastewater. Finally, the applicability of the hybrid CAGS systems is presented. At last, we suggest that integrating CAGS with other treatment methods such as membrane bioreactor (MBR) or advanced oxidation processes (AOP) can benefit the performance and stability of granules. However, future research should address unknowns including the relationship between feast/famine ratio and stability of the granules, the effectiveness of applying particle size-based selection pressure, and the CAGS performance at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hesam-Aldin Samaei
- Cold-Region Water Resource Recovery Laboratory, Environmental Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Jianfei Chen
- Cold-Region Water Resource Recovery Laboratory, Environmental Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Jinkai Xue
- Cold-Region Water Resource Recovery Laboratory, Environmental Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada.
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11
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Nguyen P, Marques R, Wang H, Reis MA, Carvalho G, Oehmen A. The impact of pH on the anaerobic and aerobic metabolism of Tetrasphaera-enriched polyphosphate accumulating organisms. WATER RESEARCH X 2023; 19:100177. [PMID: 37008369 PMCID: PMC10063378 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Members of the genus Tetrasphaera are putative polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) that have been found in greater abundance than Accumulibacter in many full-scale enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) wastewater treatment plants worldwide. Nevertheless, previous studies on the effect of environmental conditions, such as pH, on the performance of EBPR have focused mainly on the response of Accumulibacter to pH changes. This study examines the impact of pH on a Tetrasphaera PAO enriched culture, over a pH range from 6.0 to 8.0 under both anaerobic and aerobic conditions, to assess its impact on the stoichiometry and kinetics of Tetrasphaera metabolism. It was discovered that the rates of phosphorus (P) uptake and P release increased with an increase of pH within the tested range, while PHA production, glycogen consumption and substrate uptake rate were less sensitive to pH changes. The results suggest that Tetrasphaera PAOs display kinetic advantages at high pH levels, which is consistent with what has been observed previously for Accumulibacter PAOs. The results of this study show that pH has a substantial impact on the P release and uptake kinetics of PAOs, where the P release rate was >3 times higher and the P uptake rate was >2 times higher at pH 8.0 vs pH 6.0, respectively. Process operational strategies promoting both Tetrasphaera and Accumulibacter activity at high pH do not conflict with each other, but lead to a potentially synergistic impact that can benefit EBPR performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- P.Y. Nguyen
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Marques
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Hongmin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Maria A.M. Reis
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Gilda Carvalho
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Adrian Oehmen
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
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12
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Mahato RP, Kumar S, Singh P. Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates from renewable resources: a review on prospects, challenges and applications. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:172. [PMID: 37017747 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03499-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Bioplastics replace synthetic plastics of petrochemical origin, which contributes challenge to both polymer quality and economics. Novel polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)-composite materials, with desirable product quality, could be developed, thus targeting the global plastics market, in the coming years. It is possible that PHA can be a greener substitute for their petroleum-based competitors since they are simply decomposed, which may lessen the pressure on municipal and industrial waste management systems. PHA production has proven to be the bottleneck in industrial application and commercialization because of the high price of carbon substrates and downstream processes required to achieve reliability. Bacterial PHA production by these municipal and industrial wastes, which act as a cheap, renewable carbon substrate, eliminates waste management hassles and acts as an efficient substitute for synthetic plastics. In the present review, challenges and opportunities related to the commercialization of polyhydroxyalkanoates are discussed and presented. Moreover, it discusses critical steps of their production process, feedstock evaluation, optimization strategies, and downstream processes. This information may provide us the complete utilization of bacterial PHA during possible applications in packaging, nutrition, medicine, and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Prasad Mahato
- Department of Microbiology, Kanya Gurukul Campus, Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar, 249407, India.
| | - Saurabh Kumar
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Padma Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Kanya Gurukul Campus, Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar, 249407, India
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13
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Madhusoodhanan G, KS S, Hariharapura RC, Somashekara DM. Cascading Beta-oxidation Intermediates for the Polyhydroxyalkanoate Copolymer Biosynthesis by Metabolic Flux using Co-substrates and Inhibitors. Des Monomers Polym 2023; 26:1-14. [PMID: 36860326 PMCID: PMC9970204 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2023.2179763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biopolymers that are produced within the microbial cells in the presence of excess carbon and nutrient limitation. Different strategies have been studied to increase the quality and quantity of this biopolymer which in turn can be utilized as biodegradable polymers replacing conventional petrochemical plastics. In the present study, Bacillus endophyticus, a gram-positive PHA-producing bacterium, was cultivated in the presence of fatty acids along with beta-oxidation inhibitor acrylic acid. A novel approach for incorporating different hydroxyacyl groups provided using fatty acids as co-substrate and beta-oxidation inhibitors to direct the intermediates to co-polymer synthesis was experimented. It was observed that higher fatty acids and inhibitors had a greater influence on PHA production. The addition of acrylic acid along with propionic acid had a positive impact, giving 56.49% of PHA along with sucrose which was 1.2-fold more than the control devoid of fatty acids and inhibitors. Along with the copolymer production, the possible PHA pathway functional leading to the copolymer biosynthesis was hypothetically interpreted in this study. The obtained PHA was analyzed by FTIR and 1H NMR to confirm the copolymer production, which indicated the presence of poly3hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate (PHB-co-PHV), poly3hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyhexanoate (PHB-co-PHx).
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Affiliation(s)
- Geethu Madhusoodhanan
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Shruthi KS
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Raghu Chandrashekar Hariharapura
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Divyashree M Somashekara
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India,CONTACT Divyashree M Somashekara Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576 104, India
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14
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Rangel C, Carvalho G, Oehmen A, Frison N, Lourenço ND, Reis MAM. Polyhydroxyalkanoates production from ethanol- and lactate-rich fermentate of confectionary industry effluents. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 229:713-723. [PMID: 36587645 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production has been the focus of considerable research to increase productivities and reduce production costs. In this study, a fermented confectionary industry wastewater was used as feedstock for mixed microbial culture PHA production. The feedstock was dominated by lactate and ethanol (60-90 % of all soluble fermentation products). The culture selection reactor was inoculated with municipal activated sludge and was operated at an organic loading rate (OLR) of 100 Cmmol·L-1·d-1, achieving a robust PHA-accumulating enrichment, which produced up to 52.6 ± 0.4 wt% of PHA in accumulation assays. An OLR increase in the culture selection stage to 150 Cmmol·L-1·d-1 led to a PHA content of 59.1 ± 0.6, a yield of 0.93 ± 0.01 Cmol-PHA·Cmol-S-1 and a productivity of 0.93 ± 0.01 g-PHA L-1·h-1. A correlation analysis of the impact of ethanol concentrations from 3.19 to 20.3 Cmmol·L-1 in the reactor showed that ethanol inhibited PHA production rate and yield and the consumption of other carbon sources available. Microbial community analysis revealed the increase of Amaricoccus genus during the bioreactor operation time, a known PHA accumulator. The produced polymer was poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) with an average molecular weight of 4.3 × 105 Da and a polydispersity index of 1.88.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Rangel
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Gilda Carvalho
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
| | - Adrian Oehmen
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Nicola Frison
- University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology, Strada Le Grazie, 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Nídia D Lourenço
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Maria A M Reis
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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15
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Cai F, Lin M, Jin W, Chen C, Liu G. Biosynthesis of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxvalerate) from volatile fatty acids by Cupriavidus necator. J Basic Microbiol 2023; 63:128-139. [PMID: 36192143 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202200448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A promising strategy to alleviate the plastic pollution from traditional petroleum-based plastics is the application of biodegradable plastics, in which polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) have received increasing interest owing to their considerable biodegradability. In the PHAs family, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxvalerate) (PHBV) has better mechanical properties, which possesses broader application prospects. With this purpose, the present study adopted Cupriavidus necator to synthesize PHBV utilizing volatile fatty acids (VFAs) as sole carbon sources. Results showed that the concentration and composition of VFAs significantly influenced the production of PHAs. Especially, even carbon VFAs (acetate and butyrate) synthesized only poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), while the addition of odd carbon VFAs (propionate and valerate) resulted in PHBV production. The 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) contents in PHBV were directly determined by the specific VFAs compositions, in which valerate was the preferred substrate for 3HV accumulation. After optimization by response surface methodology, the highest PHBV accumulation achieved 79.47% in dry cells, and the conversion efficiency of VFAs to PHBV reached 40%, with the PHBV production of 1.20 ± 0.05 g/L. This study revealed the metabolic rule of VFAs converting into PHAs by C. necator and figured out the optimal VFAs condition for PHBV accumulation, which provides a valuable reference for developing downstream strategies of PHBV production in industrial applications in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanfan Cai
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Lin
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxiong Jin
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Guangqing Liu
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
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16
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Thorough Investigation of the Effects of Cultivation Factors on Polyhydroalkanoates (PHAs) Production by Cupriavidus necator from Food Waste-Derived Volatile Fatty Acids. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8110605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) have become promising candidates for replacing the conventional expensive carbon sources used to produce polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). Considering the inhibitory effect of VFAs at high concentrations and the influence of VFA mixture composition on bacterial growth and PHA production, a thorough investigation of different cultivation parameters such as VFA concentrations and composition (synthetic and waste-derived VFAs) media, pH, aeration, C/N ratio, and type of nitrogen sources was conducted. Besides common VFAs of acetic, butyric and propionic acids, Cupriavidus necator showed good capability for assimilating longer-chained carboxylate compounds of valeric, isovaleric, isobutyric and caproic acids in feasible concentrations of 2.5–5 g/L. A combination of pH control at 7.0, C/N of 6, and aeration of 1 vvm was found to be the optimal condition for the bacterial growth, yielding a maximum PHA accumulation and PHA yield on biomass of 1.5 g/L and 56%, respectively, regardless of the nitrogen sources. The accumulated PHA was found to be poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) with the percentage of hydroxybutyrate in the range 91–96%. Any limitation in the cultivation factors was found to enhance the PHA yield, the promotion of which was a consequence of the reduction in biomass production.
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17
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Amer A, Kim Y. Modeling the growth of diverse microorganisms during feast-famine enrichment. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2022; 94:e10803. [PMID: 36332660 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biodegradable polymers that can decrease the severe environmental pollution of petroleum plastics. PHA production by mixed microbial communities has been extensively studied to lower the high PHA prices. However, the competition between distinct microbial communities during the enrichment of PHA accumulators in mixed cultures has not been widely investigated. Thus, in this work, we developed a mathematical model for the competition between PHA accumulators and non-PHA accumulators in the feast-famine enrichment strategy. The developed model successfully simulated published lab-scale experimental data for Plasticicumulans acidivorans, a well-studied PHA accumulator that can store PHA up to 90% of the cell weight. The growth kinetics for both PHA and non-PHA accumulators were estimated and compared to the values in the literature. The uncertainties in the model kinetics were studied by expanding the model to include additional sub-biomass components for each heterotrophic group. As a result, the microbial diversity of microbial communities was observed to influence the enrichment of PHA accumulators in mixed cultures. Additionally, the calibrated model was applied to investigate the cultivation conditions, such as cycle lengths, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, and solids retention time for successful P. acidivorans enrichment in mixed cultures. The developed model can be applied to control the cultivation and enrichment of PHA accumulators in large-scale PHA production systems. PRACTITIONER POINTS: A new model for the enrichment of PHA accumulators was developed. The model can simulate PHA accumulation by enriched cultures. The model was calibrated and validated for Plasticicumulans acidivorans. The impact of microbial diversity on enriching PHA accumulators was investigated. Short cycles (<12 h) and SRT (<10 d) are suggested for successful enrichment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelrahman Amer
- Department of Civil Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Civil Engineering Department, Menoufia University, Shebin ElKom, Egypt
| | - Younggy Kim
- Department of Civil Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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18
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Estévez-Alonso Á, Arias-Buendía M, Pei R, van Veelen HPJ, van Loosdrecht MCM, Kleerebezem R, Werker A. Calcium enhances polyhydroxyalkanoate production and promotes selective growth of the polyhydroxyalkanoate-storing biomass in municipal activated sludge. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 226:119259. [PMID: 36323202 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Activated sludge from municipal wastewater treatment processes can be used directly for the production of biodegradable polyesters from the family of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). However, municipal activated sludge typically cannot accumulate PHAs to very high levels and often low yields of polymer produced on substrate are observed. In the present work, it was found that the presence of calcium promotes selective growth and enrichment of the PHA-storing biomass fraction and significantly improved both PHA contents and yields. Calcium addition resulted in PHA contents of 0.60 ± 0.03 gPHA/gVSS and average PHA yields on substrate of 0.49 ± 0.03 gCODPHA/gCODHAc compared to 0.35 ± 0.01 gPHA/gVSS and 0.19 ± 0.01 gCODPHA/gCODHAc without calcium addition. After 48 h, three times more PHA was produced compared to control experiments without calcium addition. Higher PHA content and selective biomass production is proposed to be a consequence of calcium dependent increased levels of passive acetate uptake. Such more efficient substrate uptake could be related to a formation of calcium acetate complexes. Findings lead to bioprocess methods to stimulate a short-term selective growth of PHA-storing microorganisms and this enables improvements to the techno-economic feasibility for municipal waste activated sludge to become a generic resource for industrial scale PHA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Estévez-Alonso
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands; Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
| | - María Arias-Buendía
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Ruizhe Pei
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands; Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - H Pieter J van Veelen
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Robbert Kleerebezem
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Alan Werker
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
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19
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Li Y, Yuan H, Cao L, Liu L, Yu H, Gao J, Zhang Y. Performance enhancement and population structure of denitrifying phosphorus removal system over redox mediator at low temperature. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 319:115748. [PMID: 35842988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The development of denitrifying polyphosphate accumulating organisms (DPAOs) presents a strategy to carbon competition between denitrifying bacteria and phosphorus removing bacteria. However, low temperature inhibits the rate of enzyme-catalyzed and substrate diffusion during denitrifying phosphorus removal (DPR). Therefore, the present study assessed the addition of NQS (100 μmol/L) for enhancing the removal of TP and TN in DPR reactors operated at alternating anaerobic and anoxic phases and different influent phosphate concentrations. The results showed that the removal efficiency of TP and TN in NQS-DPR system at 10 °C were 99.9% and 42.0%, respectively, which were 2.1 and 2.0 times higher than that of DPR system. Adding NQS significantly alleviated the increase of pH under anoxic condition and decreased the ORP value of the reactor, which in turn enhanced the PHAs accumulation process. The determination of functional genes (nirK, narG and phoD) showed that Dechloromonas, Lentimicrobium, and Terrimonas were the dominant functional bacteria in NQS-DPR system at 10 °C with the relative abundance of 3.09%, 2.99% and 2.28%, respectively. This study can provide valuable information for the effects of the addition of the redox mediator on denitrifying phosphorus removal technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanling Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, 300384, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Hongying Yuan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Lei Cao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, 300384, China; State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
| | - Lina Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Hongbing Yu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, 300384, China
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20
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Gao X, Xue X, Li L, Peng Y, Yao X, Zhang J, Liu W. Balance nitrogen and phosphorus efficient removal under carbon limitation in pilot-scale demonstration of a novel anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic process. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 223:118991. [PMID: 36001904 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient removal in carbon limited wastewater with high efficiency and energy saving remains a bottleneck for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). This study established a pilot-scale anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic (AOA) system with processing capacity of 100 m3/d for the first time. During almost 300 days of stable operation, enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal at a C/N of 5 was achieved, and the concentrations of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in effluent were 3.60 ± 1.55 and 0.24 ± 0.13 mg/L. Tetrasphaera and Candidatus Competibacter were the dominant phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) in the AOA system. Moreover, the low phosphorus release ensured sufficient intracellular carbon storage by endogenous denitrification, which was the critical factor for nitrogen and phosphorus removal in carbon limited wastewater. The denitrification phosphorus removal (DPR) ability further removed phosphorus and prevented secondary phosphorus release to maintain a low phosphorus concentration in effluent. Finally, rapid start-up, high nutrient removal efficiency and low energy consumption make the proposed AOA process suitable for application in newly constructed and renovated WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjie Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Xiaofei Xue
- Beijing Enterprises Water Group Limited (BEWG), Poly Int Plaza T3, Zone7, Beijing 100102, PR China.
| | - Lingyun Li
- Beijing Enterprises Water Group Limited (BEWG), Poly Int Plaza T3, Zone7, Beijing 100102, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Xiaoyan Yao
- Beijing Enterprises Water Group Limited (BEWG), Poly Int Plaza T3, Zone7, Beijing 100102, PR China
| | - Jianxing Zhang
- Beijing Enterprises Water Group Limited (BEWG), Poly Int Plaza T3, Zone7, Beijing 100102, PR China
| | - Weihang Liu
- Beijing Enterprises Water Group Limited (BEWG), Poly Int Plaza T3, Zone7, Beijing 100102, PR China
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21
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Valorization of Brewery Waste through Polyhydroxyalkanoates Production Supported by a Metabolic Specialized Microbiome. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12091347. [PMID: 36143384 PMCID: PMC9505892 DOI: 10.3390/life12091347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Raw brewers’ spent grain, a by-product of beer production, is produced at a large scale and is usually used as animal feed or is landfilled. However, its composition shows that this feedstock has the potential for other applications, such as bioplastics production (e.g., polyhydroxyalkanoates). In this way, the aim of this work was to assess the use of raw brewers’ spent grain for polyhydroxyalkanoates production, adding new value to this feedstock. The results confirm the potential of raw brewers’ spent grain to produce polyhydroxyalkanoates, as the population was enriched in the microorganisms able to accumulate these biopolymers. These results will contribute to society’s knowledge and competence via the development of a treatment process for brewery waste of both environmental (productive waste treatment) and economic interest (production of biopolymers), which will certainly attract its application to the brewery industry worldwide. Abstract Raw brewers’ spent grain (BSG), a by-product of beer production and produced at a large scale, presents a composition that has been shown to have potential as feedstock for several biological processes, such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) production. Although the high interest in the PHA production from waste, the bioconversion of BSG into PHA using microbial mixed cultures (MMC) has not yet been explored. This study explored the feasibility to produce PHA from BSG through the enrichment of a mixed microbial culture in PHA-storing organisms. The increase in organic loading rate (OLR) was shown to have only a slight influence on the process performance, although a high selectivity in PHA-storing microorganisms accumulation was reached. The culture was enriched on various PHA-storing microorganisms, such as bacteria belonging to the Meganema, Carnobacterium, Leucobacter, and Paracocccus genera. The enrichment process led to specialization of the microbiome, but the high diversity in PHA-storing microorganisms could have contributed to the process stability and efficiency, allowing for achieving a maximum PHA content of 35.2 ± 5.5 wt.% (VSS basis) and a yield of 0.61 ± 0.09 CmmolPHA/CmmolVFA in the accumulation assays. Overall, the production of PHA from fermented BSG is a feasible process confirming the valorization potential of the feedstock through the production of added-value products.
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22
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Enhancing the Stability of Aerobic Granular Sludge Process Treating Municipal Wastewater by Adjusting Organic Loading Rate and Dissolved Oxygen Concentration. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9080228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) application in treating municipal wastewater has been greatly restricted due to its low stability. It has been found that operation parameters have a great impact on stability. The organic loading rate (OLR) and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration are two very important parameters that impact stability. In this study, the organic loading rate (OLR) and aeration rate were studied to verify their influence on AGS system stability, which is indicated by determining pollutant removal performance, including chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen, and total nitrogen (TN). The physical and chemical property changes of AGS and the effects of pollutant removal during the formation of AGS were systematically investigated. The AGS was formed after about 25 days and remained stable for about 45–50 days. The AGS was light-yellow globular sludge with an average particle size of 1.25 mm and a sludge volume index (SVI) of 33.9 mL/g. The optimal condition was obtained at an OLR of 4.2 kg COD/m3·d, aeration rate of 4 L/min, and a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 4 h. The corresponding removal efficiencies of COD, ammonia nitrogen, and TN were 94.1%, 98.4% and 74.1%, respectively. The study shows that the AGS system has great potential for pollutant removal from wastewater.
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Brison A, Rossi P, Derlon N. Influent carbon to phosphorus ratio drives the selection of PHA-storing organisms in a single CSTR. WATER RESEARCH X 2022; 16:100150. [PMID: 35965889 PMCID: PMC9364015 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2022.100150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Enriching a biomass with a high fraction of polyhydroxyalkanoate-storing organisms (PHA-storers) represents an essential step in the production of PHAs (bioplastics) from municipal wastewater using mixed microbial cultures. A major challenge is however to create selective growth conditions that are favourable to PHA-storers. Our study thus investigates to what extent the influent COD to phosphorus (COD:P) ratio can be used as a tool for the robust selection of PHA-storers in a single continuous-flow stirred-tank reactor (CSTR). Therefore, we operated five CSTRs in parallel, fed with synthetic wastewater (50% acetate - 50% propionate) with different COD:P ratios (200-1000 gCOD gP-1), and performed a detailed analysis of the microbial communities over long-term (30-70 solid retention times). Our study demonstrates that efficient and robust selection of PHA-storers can be achieved in a single CSTR at high influent COD:P ratios. The selective advantage for PHA-storers increases with the influent COD:P ratio, but only if growth conditions remain limited by both C-substrate and P. In contrast, selection performance deteriorates when COD:P ratios are too high and growth conditions are limited by P only. At an optimal COD:P ratio of 800 gCOD gP-1, a stable microbial community consisting of >90% PHA-storers and dominated by Pannonibacter sp. was selected in the long-term. Finally, our results suggest that high COD:P ratios provide a selective advantage to microorganisms with low cellular P requirements, explaining why different PHA-storers (i.e., Xanthobacter sp. vs. Pannonibacter sp.) were selected depending on the influent COD:P ratio (i.e., 200 vs. 800 gCOD gP-1). Overall, our results provide relevant insights for the development of a new approach for selecting PHA-storers, based on the use of a single CSTR and control of the influent COD:P ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Brison
- ETH Zürich, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Rossi
- Central Environmental Laboratory, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Derlon
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
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Wen Q, Liu S, Lin X, Liu B, Chen Z. Rapid recovery of mixed culture polyhydroxyalkanoate production system from EPS bulking using azithromycin. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 350:126944. [PMID: 35247561 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The long-term stable operation of the mixed culture polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) enrichment stage is the guarantee for the continuous synthesis of PHA, however extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) sludge bulking occurred from time to time may cause the operation fail. In order to solve this problem, as a quencher of signal molecules and antibiotic, azithromycin (AZM) was used in the two systems with different modes to recover the sedimentation capacity of the sludge. The results showed that AZM addition resulted in the reduction of polysaccharide /protein (PS/PN) ratio in EPS and significant improvement of the sedimentation capacity of the sludge. Quorum quenching of AZM or aiiA gene maintained the sedimentation ability of the sludge in a relay mode. By adding AZM, the growth of Thauera and Flavobacterium, which caused sludge bulking, was inhibited. Paracoccus, a strong PHA producer, has been enriched to ensure that the maximum PHA synthesis of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinxue Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Shaojiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Xiao Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Baozhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
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Zhou W, Colpa DI, Geurkink B, Euverink GJW, Krooneman J. The impact of carbon to nitrogen ratios and pH on the microbial prevalence and polyhydroxybutyrate production levels using a mixed microbial starter culture. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 811:152341. [PMID: 34921889 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Growth conditions have been frequently studied in optimizing polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production, while few studies were performed to unravel the dynamic mixed microbial consortia (MMCs) in the process. In this study, the relationship between growth conditions (C/N ratios and pH) and the corresponding key-microbes were identified and monitored during PHB accumulation. The highest PHB level (70 wt% of dry cell mass) was obtained at pH 9, C/N 40, and acetic acid 10 g/L. Linking the dominant genera with the highest point of PHB accumulation, Thauera was the most prevalent species in all MMCs of pH 9, except when a C/N ratio of 1 was applied. Notably, dominant bacteria shifted at pH 7 (C/N 10) from Thauera (0 h) to Paracoccus, and subsequently to Alcaligenes following the process of PHB accumulation and consumption. Further understanding of the relationship between the structure of the microbial community and the performance will be beneficial for regulating and obtaining high PHB accumulation within an MMC. Our study illustrates the impact of C/N ratios and pH on microbial prevalence and PHB production levels using a mixed microbial starter culture. This knowledge will broaden industrial perspectives for regulating high PHB production and timely harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhou
- Products and Processes for Biotechnology, Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dana Irene Colpa
- Products and Processes for Biotechnology, Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bert Geurkink
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Gert-Jan Willem Euverink
- Products and Processes for Biotechnology, Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Janneke Krooneman
- Products and Processes for Biotechnology, Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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26
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Cruz RAP, Oehmen A, Reis MAM. The impact of biomass withdrawal strategy on the biomass selection and polyhydroxyalkanoates accumulation of mixed microbial cultures. N Biotechnol 2022; 66:8-15. [PMID: 34450342 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) by mixed microbial cultures (MMC) has been studied as an alternative to pure cultures in order to reduce the price of PHA through use of open systems and low-cost substrates, such as agro-industrial sub-products. However, the widespread applicability of this process depends on the optimization of operational factors impacting PHA productivity. This study addresses the impact of biomass withdrawal strategy on the performance of MMC selection reactors and consequently on biomass productivity and global PHA productivity. Two selection reactors were operated in parallel under similar conditions, except for the timing of biomass withdrawal, at the end of the famine phase (Reactor 1, R1) versus at the end of the feast phase (Reactor 2, R2) at an organic loading rate of 100 Cmmol.L-1.d-1 and solids retention time of 4 days. The biomass selected in both conditions had similar PHA storing capacity as shown by the similar yields of PHA per substrate obtained in the accumulation assays; however, R1 reached a higher biomass productivity (about 4-fold higher than R2). This study demonstrated that removing the excess biomass at the end of the famine phase resulted in a much higher global PHA productivity and that the key parameter affecting the global PHA productivity of the 2-stage system was the volumetric biomass productivity. Results obtained provide important insight into how MMC systems can be best operated to maximize PHA productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela A P Cruz
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Adrian Oehmen
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Maria A M Reis
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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27
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Polyhydroxyalkanoates Production by Mixed Microbial Culture under High Salinity. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14031346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The fishing industry produces vast amounts of saline organic side streams that require adequate treatment and disposal. The bioconversion of saline resources into value-added products, such as biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), has not yet been fully explored. This study investigated PHA production by mixed microbial cultures under 30 gNaCl/L, the highest NaCl concentration reported for the acclimatization of a PHA-accumulating mixed microbial culture (MMC). The operational conditions used during the culture-selection stage resulted in an enriched PHA-accumulating culture dominated by the Rhodobacteraceae family (95.2%) and capable of storing PHAs up to 84.1% wt. (volatile suspended solids (VSS) basis) for the highest organic loading rate (OLR) applied (120 Cmmol/(L.d)). This culture presented a higher preference for the consumption of valeric acid (0.23 ± 0.03 CmolHVal/(CmolX.h)), and the 3HV monomer polymerization (0.33 ± 0.04 CmmolHV/(CmmolX.h) was higher as well. As result, a P(3HB-co-3HV)) with high HV content (63% wt.) was produced in the accumulation tests conducted at higher OLRs and with 30 gNaCl/L. A global volumetric PHA productivity of 0.77 gPHA/(L.h) and a specific PHA productivity of 0.21 gPHA/(gX.h) were achieved. These results suggested the significant potential of the bioconversion of saline resources into value-added products, such as PHAs.
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Sousa BV, Silva F, Reis MA, Lourenço ND. Monitoring pilot-scale polyhydroxyalkanoate production from fruit pulp waste using near-infrared spectroscopy. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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29
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Fang F, Xu RZ, Huang YQ, Luo JY, Xie WM, Ni BJ, Cao JS. Exploring the feasibility of nitrous oxide reduction and polyhydroxyalkanoates production simultaneously by mixed microbial cultures. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 342:126012. [PMID: 34571328 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N2O), as a powerful greenhouse gas, has drawn increasing attention in recent years and different strategies for N2O reduction were explored. In this study, a novel strategy for valuable polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) production coupling with N2O reduction by mixed microbial cultures (MMC) using different substrates was evaluated. Results revealed that N2O was an effective electron acceptor for PHA production. The highest PHA yield (0.35 Cmmol PHA/Cmmol S) and PHA synthesis rate (227.47 mg PHA/L/h) were obtained with acetic acid as substrate. Low temperature (15℃) and pH of 8.0 were beneficial for PHA accumulation. Results of the thermogravimetric analysis showed that PHA produced with N2O as electron acceptor has better thermal stability (melting temperature of 99.4℃ and loss 5% weight temperature of 211.4℃). Our work opens up new avenues for simultaneously N2O reduction and valuable bioplastic production, which is conducive to resource recovery and climate protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Run-Ze Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Yan-Qiu Huang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Jing-Yang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Wen-Ming Xie
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater (CTWW), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Jia-Shun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
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Heo S, Liu YQ. Dependence of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate accumulation in sludge on biomass concentration in SBRs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 797:149138. [PMID: 34346384 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The combination of wastewater treatment with polyhydroxyalkanoate production has attracted increasing interest in the context of the circular economy. Recent studies have thus attempted to optimize the conditions for polyhydroxyalkanoate accumulation in sludge when treating wastewater. The effects of biomass concentration and sludge morphologies in reactors on PHB storage, however, were neglected in the literature. Therefore, in this study settling time and organic loading rate were manipulated to adjust sludge morphology and biomass concentration in sequential batch reactors (SBRs) to investigate their influence on PHB storage in the feast phase. Our study shows that reducing settling times in SBRs from 10 to 0 min under organic loading rate of 3 g L-1 d-1 resulted in the decrease in biomass concentration at steady states from 4.2 to 1.0 g L-1 and the change of sludge morphology from well-settled granules to poorly settled pinpoint flocs, but PHB content in sludge at the end of feast phase increased from 7.7 to 26.7%. The well-fitted regression lines between PHB content, SRT, feast/famine and food/microorganisms ratios and biomass concentration under different settling times suggest that PHB was highly dependent on biomass concentration but independent on sludge morphology. Under settling time of 0 min, the increase in OLR from 3 to 7.5 g L-1 d-1 resulted in an increased biomass concentration from 1.0 to 2.1 g L-1 and an increase in PHB content from 26.7 to 33.8%. The batch and fed-batch experiments with different biomass concentrations also showed the influence of biomass concentration on PHB accumulation in sludge. The conclusion of the dependence of PHB content on biomass concentration under a fixed OLR and varied OLRs drawn from this study enables sludge PHB content as high as possible by adjusting biomass concentration in SBRs apart from the selective enriching strategies for PHB accumulating organisms when treating VFA-rich wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongbong Heo
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Yong-Qiang Liu
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom.
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31
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Inoue D, Fukuyama A, Ren Y, Ike M. Optimization of aerobic dynamic discharge process for very rapid enrichment of polyhydroxyalkanoates-accumulating bacteria from activated sludge. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 336:125314. [PMID: 34051571 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aerobic dynamic discharge (ADD) process has the potential to reduce the enrichment period of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)-accumulating bacteria in PHA production using mixed microbial cultures (MMCs). This study aimed to efficiently enrich PHA-accumulating bacteria from activated sludge within a fixed period of 2 d by optimizing operating conditions of the ADD process. Based on the results, enrichment with separate feeding of carbon and nutrients in the feast and famine phases, respectively, and a settling duration of 10 min after the feast phase in the sequencing batch cycle for 12 h was found to be optimal. The MMC enriched at optimum conditions could store as much as 68.4 wt% of PHA. Dechloromonas and Zoogloea were identified as potential PHA-accumulating bacteria responsible for enhancing PHA accumulation ability in the enriched MMC. The optimized ADD process will facilitate the consecutive use of daily generated waste activated sludge for PHA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Inoue
- Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Fukuyama
- Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yu Ren
- Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Michihiko Ike
- Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Tavares Ferreira TJ, Luiz de Sousa Rollemberg S, Nascimento de Barros A, Machado de Lima JP, Bezerra Dos Santos A. Integrated review of resource recovery on aerobic granular sludge systems: Possibilities and challenges for the application of the biorefinery concept. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 291:112718. [PMID: 33962280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic Granular Sludge (AGS) is a biological treatment technology that has been extensively studied in the last decade. The possibility of resource recovery has always been highlighted in these systems, but real-scale applications are still scarce. Therefore, this paper aimed to present a systematic review of resources recovery such as water, energy, chemicals, raw materials, and nutrients from AGS systems, also analyzing aspects of engineering and economic viability. In the solid phase, sludge application in agriculture is an interesting possibility. However, the biosolids' metal concentration (the granules have high adsorption capacity due to the high concentration of extracellular polymeric substances, EPS) may be an issue. Another possibility is the recovery of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and Alginate-like exopolymers (bio-ALE) in the solid phase, emphasizing the last one, which has already been made in some Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs), named and patented as Kaumera® process. The Operational Expenditure (OPEX) can be reduced by 50% in the WWTP when recovery of ALE is made. The ALE recovery reduced sludge yield by up to 35%, less CO2 emissions, and energy saving. Finally, the discharged sludge can also be evaluated to be used for energetic purposes via anaerobic digestion (AD) or combustion. However, the AD route has faced difficulties due to the low biodegradability of aerobic granules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amanda Nascimento de Barros
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - João Pedro Machado de Lima
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - André Bezerra Dos Santos
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
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Frison N, Andreolli M, Botturi A, Lampis S, Fatone F. Effects of the Sludge Retention Time and Carbon Source on Polyhydroxyalkanoate-Storing Biomass Selection under Aerobic-Feast and Anoxic-Famine Conditions. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2021; 9:9455-9464. [PMID: 35059238 PMCID: PMC8764655 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c02973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are versatile biodegradable polymers produced by bacteria and are suitable for many downstream applications. They can be produced inexpensively from mixed microbial cultures under feast and famine conditions in the presence of biobased volatile fatty acids (VFAs). Here, we investigated the effect of changing the sludge retention time (SRT) and the addition of fermented cellulosic primary sludge (CPS) as a carbon source on the selection of PHA-storing biomass when applying the feast and famine strategy under aerobic and anoxic conditions, respectively. Increasing the SRT from 5 to 7-10 days enhanced PHA yields under feast conditions from 0.18 gCODPHA/gCODVFA (period 1) to 0.40 gCODPHA/gCODVFA (period 2). The use of fermented CPS as a carbon source (period 3) increased PHA yields to 0.62 gCODPHA/gCODVFA despite the presence of biodegradable non-VFA fractions. Microbial characterization by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed high microbial speciation during the three experimental periods. In period 3, the dominant genera were Thauera, Paracoccus, and Azoarcus, which accounted for ∼95% of the total microbial biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Frison
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Andreolli
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Alice Botturi
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Silvia Lampis
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco Fatone
- Department
of Science and Engineering of Materials, Environment and Urban Planning-SIMAU, Marche Polytechnic University, via Brecce Bianche 12, 60131 Ancona, Italy
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Bhatia SK, Otari SV, Jeon JM, Gurav R, Choi YK, Bhatia RK, Pugazhendhi A, Kumar V, Rajesh Banu J, Yoon JJ, Choi KY, Yang YH. Biowaste-to-bioplastic (polyhydroxyalkanoates): Conversion technologies, strategies, challenges, and perspective. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 326:124733. [PMID: 33494006 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Biowaste management is a challenging job as it is high in nutrient content and its disposal in open may cause a serious environmental and health risk. Traditional technologies such as landfill, bio-composting, and incineration are used for biowaste management. To gain revenue from biowaste researchers around the world focusing on the integration of biowaste management with other commercial products such as volatile fatty acids (VFA), biohydrogen, and bioplastic (polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)), etc. PHA production from various biowastes such as lignocellulosic biomass, municipal waste, waste cooking oils, biodiesel industry waste, and syngas has been reported successfully. Various nutrient factors i.e., carbon and nitrogen source concentration and availability of dissolved oxygen are crucial factors for PHA production. This review is an attempt to summarize the recent advancements in PHA production from various biowaste, its downstream processing, and other challenges that need to overcome making bioplastic an alternate for synthetic plastic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sachin V Otari
- Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Vidyanagar Kolhapur 416004, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jong-Min Jeon
- Green & Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Research Institute of Clean Manufacturing System, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Chungnam 331-825, Republic of Korea
| | - Ranjit Gurav
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Keun Choi
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Ravi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla 171005, India
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Centre for Climate and Environmental Protection, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - J Rajesh Banu
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jeong-Jun Yoon
- Green & Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Research Institute of Clean Manufacturing System, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Chungnam 331-825, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon-Young Choi
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, College of Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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35
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Fernandes M, Salvador A, Alves MM, Vicente AA. Factors affecting polyhydroxyalkanoates biodegradation in soil. Polym Degrad Stab 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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36
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Fang Q, Huang Z, Liu Y, Ji S, Xie Y, Huang Z, Huang D, Zeng Y. Micro-oxygen Process Improved Synthesis of PHAs with Undomesticated Excess Sludge. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 192:367-380. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03322-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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37
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Community profile governs substrate competition in polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA)-producing mixed cultures. N Biotechnol 2020; 58:32-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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38
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Pinto-Ibieta F, Cea M, Cabrera F, Abanto M, Felissia FE, Area MC, Ciudad G. Strategy for biological co-production of levulinic acid and polyhydroxyalkanoates by using mixed microbial cultures fed with synthetic hemicellulose hydrolysate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 309:123323. [PMID: 32299048 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hemicellulose hydrolysates (HH), which could be an interesting carbon source to feed mixed microbial cultures (MMC) able to accumulate high value-added compounds. This research focused on the evaluation of a culture strategy to achieve the simultaneous biological production of Levulinic Acid (LA) and Polyhydroxyalcanoates (PHA) by MMC fed with a synthetic HH (SHH). The culture strategy involves the use of sequential batch reactors (SBR) to select microorganisms capable of producing LA and PHA. This work proved that the cultivation strategy used allowed the biological production of LA, reaching 37%w/w when the SHH was composed of 85% pentoses. In addition, the simultaneous biological production of LA and PHB was possible when the SHH was enriched with acetate (45% pentoses - 50% acetate). Finally, this study showed that the composition of the SHH impacts directly on the selected microorganism genus and the type and quantity of the value-added compounds obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Pinto-Ibieta
- Doctorate of Engineering Sciences with Specialization in Bioprocess, Universidad de La Frontera, Av. Francisco Salazar #01145, Temuco, Chile; Departamento de Procesos Industriales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Casilla 15-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - M Cea
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile; Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - F Cabrera
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco, Chile
| | - M Abanto
- Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - F E Felissia
- IMAM, UNaM, CONICET, FCEQYN, Programa de Celulosa y Papel (PROCYP), Misiones, Argentina, Félix de Azara 1552, Posadas, Argentina
| | - M C Area
- IMAM, UNaM, CONICET, FCEQYN, Programa de Celulosa y Papel (PROCYP), Misiones, Argentina, Félix de Azara 1552, Posadas, Argentina
| | - G Ciudad
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile; Instituto del Medio Ambiente (IMA), Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar #01145, Temuco, Chile.
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Gao X, Zhang T, Wang B, Xu Z, Zhang L, Peng Y. Advanced nitrogen removal of low C/N ratio sewage in an anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic process through enhanced post-endogenous denitrification. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 252:126624. [PMID: 32443280 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Currently, it is a major challenge for waste water treatment plants (WWTPs) to achieve enhanced nitrogen removal economically and effectively from carbon-limited sewage to meet gradually stringent discharge quality standards. Enhanced nitrogen removal can be achieved by endogenous denitrification (ED) treatment of low C/N municipal sewage, but its application is limited by the slow reaction rate. In this study, a novel process of Sludge Double Recirculation-Anaerobic/Aerobic/Anoxic (SDR-AOA) was developed to improve nitrogen removal efficiency via ED. ED was successfully enhanced by an extra sludge recirculation to post-anoxic zone and the denitrification rate increased from 0.1 to 0.17 kgN/(m3·d). Moreover, the pre-anaerobic zone enhanced the intracellular carbon storage, which might also favor the ED process. Overall, under an influent C/N of 2.67, nitrogen removal efficiency of 97.7% was achieved with effluent total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) of 1.56 ± 1.77 mg/L and nitrogen removal rate (NRR) of 0.14 kgN/(m3·d). Therefore, this study provides a convenient approach to improve the nitrogen removal efficiency of municipal sewage with low C/N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjie Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Ting Zhang
- XinKai Water Environmental Investment Co. Ltd., Beijing, 101101, China
| | - Bo Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Zaizhou Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Liang Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China.
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40
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Sabapathy PC, Devaraj S, Meixner K, Anburajan P, Kathirvel P, Ravikumar Y, Zabed HM, Qi X. Recent developments in Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) production - A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 306:123132. [PMID: 32220472 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are inevitably a key biopolymer that has the potential to replace the conventional petrochemical based plastics that pose jeopardy to the environment globally. Even then the reach of PHA in the common market is so restricted. The economy of PHA is such that, even after several attempts the overall production cost seems to be high and this very factor surpasses PHAs usage when compared to the conventional polymers. The major focus of the review relies on the synthesis of PHA from Mixed Microbial Cultures (MMCs), through a 3-stage process most probably utilizing feedstocks from waste streams or models that mimic them. Emphasis was given to the works carried out in the past decade and their coherence with each and every individual criteria (Aeration, Substrate and bioprocess parameters) such that to understand their effect in enhancing the overall production of PHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poorna Chandrika Sabapathy
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Sabarinathan Devaraj
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Katharina Meixner
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Department of Agrobiotechnology, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Konrad Lorenz Straße 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Parthiban Anburajan
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Preethi Kathirvel
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu 641046, India
| | - Yuvaraj Ravikumar
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Hossain M Zabed
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China.
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41
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Huang L, Chen Z, Wen Q, Ji Y, Wu Z, Lee DJ. Toward flexible regulation of polyhydroxyalkanoate composition based on substrate feeding strategy: Insights into microbial community and metabolic features. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 296:122369. [PMID: 31732415 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The suitable feeding strategy considering both substrate preference (enrichment stage) and flexible regulation (PHA accumulation stage) were investigated, respectively, based on intracellular polymers synthesis peculiarities of the three types of cultures (M-Ac, M-Pr and M-Bu), which were enriched correspondingly using acetic type, propionic type and butyric type substrate. Compared to M-Ac and M-Bu cultures, maximum PHA content (PHAm) of M-Pr exhibited the most stable responses to varying fractions of propionic acid (fPr) of the substrate. The substrate composed of acetic acid and propionic acid (Mix-AP) demonstrated higher efficiency in regulation of polymer composition than that composed of butyric acid and propionic acid (Mix-BP). For the whole process of three-stage MC PHA production, propionic acid-dominated acidification products should be used for the long-term enrichment of PHA producers, and acidification products mainly composed of propionic and acetic acid are preferred considering the regulation of polymer composition in PHA accumulation stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Huang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Qinxue Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Ye Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zening Wu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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42
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Tu W, Zhang D, Wang H. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) production from fermented thermal-hydrolyzed sludge by mixed microbial cultures: The link between phosphorus and PHA yields. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 96:149-157. [PMID: 31376958 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) from wastes has gained increasing attention for the related low costs and high environmental benefits. Phosphorus limitation is a potential strategy used to facilitate PHA production, yet excessive limitation was previously reported to cause negative effects. This study was the first to investigate the optimum phosphorus limitation for PHA accumulation from thermal-hydrolyzed sludge. The results showed that the maximum PHA content increased from 23 wt% to 51 wt% when phosphorus concentration was limited from 127.60 to 1.35 mg/L, indicating that a lower phosphorus concentration would promote maximum PHA accumulation. Batch tests performed with synthetic substrates (containing one specific VFA for each batch) confirmed that the effect of phosphorus content on PHA production was mainly devoted by the efficiency of the conversion of acetate to PHA. The PHA yields on acetate (YPHA/ac) were 0.68 and 0.05 Cmol/Cmol under phosphorus-limited (1 mg/L) and -excess (100 mg/L) conditions, respectively. A mathematical model was developed to describe the correlation between phosphorus concentration and YPHA/ac, which can fit the experimental data and predict the results properly. Finally, further (ammonium-) nitrogen restriction did not efficiently cause the additional improvement of PHA production under the conditions of phosphorus limitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Tu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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43
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Mannina G, Presti D, Montiel-Jarillo G, Suárez-Ojeda ME. Bioplastic recovery from wastewater: A new protocol for polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) extraction from mixed microbial cultures. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 282:361-369. [PMID: 30884455 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A new protocol for polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) extraction from mixed microbial cultures (MMCs) is proposed. PHA-accumulating capacity of the MMC was selected in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) fed with a synthetic effluent emulating a fermented oil mill wastewater (OMW). The highest recovery yield and purity (74 ± 8% and 100 ± 5%, respectively) was obtained when using NH4-Laurate for which operating conditions of the extraction process such as temperature, concentration and contact time were optimized. Best conditions for PHA extraction from MMC turned to be: i) a pre-treatment with NaClO at 85 °C with 1 h of contact time, followed by ii) a treatment with lauric acid in a ratio acid lauric to biomass of 2:1 and 3 h of contact time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Mannina
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 8, Palermo, IT, Italy.
| | - Dario Presti
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 8, Palermo, IT, Italy
| | - Gabriela Montiel-Jarillo
- GENOCOV Research Group, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Escola d'Enginyeria. Edifici Q Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Eugenia Suárez-Ojeda
- GENOCOV Research Group, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Escola d'Enginyeria. Edifici Q Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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44
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Torresi E, Tang K, Deng J, Sund C, Smets BF, Christensson M, Andersen HR. Removal of micropollutants during biological phosphorus removal: Impact of redox conditions in MBBR. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 663:496-506. [PMID: 30716641 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Further biological polishing of micropollutants in WWTP effluents is limited by the lack of available carbon for cometabolic degradation. Metabolism of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) stored intracellularly during enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) could serve as carbon source for post-denitrification and micropollutant cometabolism. The removal of nine micropollutants (i.e., pharmaceuticals and corrosion inhibitors) was investigated by using Moving Bed Biofilm Reactors (MBBRs), selecting phosphorus (PAO) or glycogen (GAO) accumulating organisms under different redox conditions. Three laboratory-scale MBBRs were operated in sequencing-batch mode under cyclical anaerobic and aerobic/anoxic conditions for phosphorus removal. Batch experiments were performed to evaluate the biodegradation potential of micropollutants along with the utilization of internally stored PHA. Experiments showed that aerobic PAO were able to efficiently remove most of the targeted micropollutants. The removal of benzotriazole, 5‑methyl‑1H‑benzotriazole, carbamazepine, ketoprofen and diclofenac occurred simultaneously to phosphorus uptake and terminated when phosphorus was no longer available. Denitrifying PAO and aerobic GAO exhibited lower removal of micropollutants than aerobic PAO. Degradation profiles of stored PHA suggested a diverse utilization of the different fractions of PHA for phosphorus and micropollutant removal, with PHV (poly 3‑hydroxyvalerate) most likely used for the cometabolism of targeted micropollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Torresi
- DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet B115, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark; Veolia Water Technologies AB, AnoxKaldnes, Klosterängsvägen 11A, SE-226 47 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Kai Tang
- DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet B115, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jie Deng
- DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet B115, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Christina Sund
- Veolia Water Technologies, Krüger A/S, Gladsaxevej 363, DK 2860 Søborg, Denmark
| | - Barth F Smets
- DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet B115, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Magnus Christensson
- Veolia Water Technologies AB, AnoxKaldnes, Klosterängsvägen 11A, SE-226 47 Lund, Sweden
| | - Henrik R Andersen
- DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet B115, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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45
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Wang X, Bengtsson S, Oehmen A, Carvalho G, Werker A, Reis MA. Application of dissolved oxygen (DO) level control for polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) accumulation with concurrent nitrification in surplus municipal activated sludge. N Biotechnol 2019; 50:37-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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46
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de Sousa Rollemberg SL, Mendes Barros AR, Milen Firmino PI, Bezerra Dos Santos A. Aerobic granular sludge: Cultivation parameters and removal mechanisms. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 270:678-688. [PMID: 30201322 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.08.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) has been the focus of many investigations, and the main parameters responsible for AGS formation are hydrodynamic shear force, short periods and feast-famine cycles. However, some other parameters are associated with AGS maintenance after long periods of operation. This review evaluates the parameters responsible for AGS formation and maintenance and some reference values are proposed. In addition, some discussions are addressed about the main metabolic pathways that AGS uses for the removal of some compounds, such as nutrients, organic matter, dyes, recalcitrant compounds, among others. Finally, the main microbial groups present in the AGS and their respective functions are discussed. It is also highlighted that many parameters that are taken as reference currently for AGS cultivation and maintenance can be optimized for energy savings, implementation costs, among others, as well as a greater recovery of resources during wastewater treatment, within the scope of the biorefinery concept.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paulo Igor Milen Firmino
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - André Bezerra Dos Santos
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
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47
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Wen Q, Ji Y, Hao Y, Huang L, Chen Z, Sposob M. Effect of sodium chloride on polyhydroxyalkanoate production from food waste fermentation leachate under different organic loading rate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 267:133-140. [PMID: 30014991 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production integrated with anaerobic digestion is promising for food waste recycle. However, effect of salinity and high organic load in waste fermentation leachate (FWFL) on PHA production is unknown. Effects of sodium chloride (NaCl, 0, 5.0, 10.0 and 15.0 g/L) and organic loading rate (OLR, 1350 and 8433 mg COD/(L·d)) on the enrichment of PHA-accumulating microorganisms and PHA accumulation using FWFL were investigated in this research. Stable operation and obvious effect were observed under lower OLR with increasing NaCl concentration, but effect of NaCl was concealed by the inhibition caused by high OLR. Paracoccus was the dominant bacteria in all treatments with NaCl. Microbial community at low OLR and 5.0 g/L NaCl had the best performance reflected by kinetic parameters. Real FWFL with different NaCl concentrations was used in batch assays to verify the optimized enrichment strategy, reaching the maximum PHA content of 33.4% at 2.5 g/L NaCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinxue Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Ye Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yaru Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Long Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Michal Sposob
- University College of Southeast Norway, Kjølnes Ring 56, Porsgrunn 3918, Norway
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48
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Metabolic modeling of the substrate competition among multiple VFAs for PHA production by mixed microbial cultures. J Biotechnol 2018; 280:62-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.06.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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49
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Carvalheira M, Cassidy J, Ribeiro JM, Oliveira BA, Freitas EB, Roca C, Carvalho G, Oehmen A, Reis MAM. Performance of a two-stage anaerobic digestion system treating fruit pulp waste: The impact of substrate shift and operational conditions. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 78:434-445. [PMID: 32559931 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Food and beverage industry wastes present high amounts of organic matter, which may cause water quality degradation if not treated. Two-stage anaerobic digestion is a promising and efficient solution for the treatment of this type of wastes whilst producing bioenergy. The composition of fruit pulp waste varies throughout the different harvesting seasons, which may impact the process performance. In this study, a two-stage anaerobic digestion system was operated to assess the effect of substrate shift from peach to apple pulp wastes (obtained from a fruit juice company) on the microbial community activity and performance. During acidogenesis, the sugar conversion was higher than 95% for all operational conditions tested, obtaining a degree of acidification up to 89%. Principal Component Analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between the initial fermentation state of the residues in each operational condition and the obtained effluent. Methanogenic activity resulted in high organic carbon consumption (89%) and high methane productivities, achieving a maximum of 4.33 [Formula: see text] for peach waste influent. Overall, the results showed that the microbial community activity was not affected by the substrate shift, converting the sugars into biogas rich in methane (>70% CH4). Microbial analysis showed that the communities present in the acidogenic and methanogenic reactors were highly enriched in bacteria and archaea, respectively. The observed stability of the process, also demonstrated in pilot scale, confirmed the robustness of the process and thus, was suitable for implementation in companies producing seasonally different fruit wastes in a continuous operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Carvalheira
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Joana Cassidy
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - João M Ribeiro
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Bruno A Oliveira
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Elisabete B Freitas
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Christophe Roca
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Gilda Carvalho
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Adrian Oehmen
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria A M Reis
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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The role of dissolved oxygen content as a modulator of microbial polyhydroxyalkanoate synthesis. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 34:106. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-018-2488-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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