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Huang D, Wang Y, Zhai X, Shen Q, Zhang L, Fang D, Fang L, Zhang J, Ma Y, Chu C, Liu G, Cheng Y, Liu C, Du J, Cai J. Scleroglucan protects the intestine from irradiation-induced injury by targeting the IL-17 signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111614. [PMID: 38350358 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal tissue is extremely sensitive to ionizing radiation (IR), which is easy to cause intestinal radiation sickness, and the mortality rate is very high after exposure. Recent studies have found that intestinal immune cells and intestinal stem cells (ISCs) may play a key role in IR-induced intestinal injury. METHODS C57BL6 mice matched for age, sex and weight were randomly grouped and intraperitoneal injected with PBS, Scleroglucan (125.0 mg/kg) or Anti-mouse IL-17A -InVivo (10 mg/kg), the number of mice in each group was n ≥ 3.Survival time, body weight, pathology, organoids and immune cell markers of the mice after IR (10.0 Gy) were compared, and the mechanism of action in intestinal tissues was verified by transcriptome sequencing. RESULTS Scleroglucan has significant radiation protective effects on the intestine, including improving the survival rate of irradiated mice, inhibiting the radiation damage of intestinal tissue, and promoting the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs). The results of RNA sequencing suggested that Scleroglucan could significantly activate the immune system and up-regulate the IL-17 and NF-κB signaling pathways. Flow cytometry showed that Scleroglucan could significantly up-regulate the number of Th17 cells and the level of IL-17A in the gut. IL-17A provides radiation protection. After intraperitoneal injection of Scleroglucan and Anti-mouse IL-17A -InVivo, mice can significantly reverse the radiation protection effect of Scleroglucan, down-regulate the molecular markers of intestinal stem cells and the associated markers of DC, Th1 and Th17 cells, and up-regulate the associated markers of Treg and Macrophage cells. CONCLUSION Scleroglucan may promote the proliferation and regeneration of ISCs by regulating the activation of intestinal immune function mediated by IL-17 signaling pathway and play a protective role in IR-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daqian Huang
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000 Wenzhou, China; Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yuedong Wang
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000 Wenzhou, China; Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xuanlu Zhai
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000 Wenzhou, China; Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qiaofeng Shen
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000 Wenzhou, China
| | - Liao Zhang
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000 Wenzhou, China; Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Duo Fang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lan Fang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jianyi Zhang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yuejun Ma
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chen Chu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Guanbo Liu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Jicong Du
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Jianming Cai
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000 Wenzhou, China; Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Kumar V, Stewart JH. cGLRs Join Their Cousins of Pattern Recognition Receptor Family to Regulate Immune Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1828. [PMID: 38339107 PMCID: PMC10855445 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize danger signals such as PAMPs/MAMPs and DAMPs to initiate a protective immune response. TLRs, NLRs, CLRs, and RLRs are well-characterized PRRs of the host immune system. cGLRs have been recently identified as PRRs. In humans, the cGAS/STING signaling pathway is a part of cGLRs. cGAS recognizes cytosolic dsDNA as a PAMP or DAMP to initiate the STING-dependent immune response comprising type 1 IFN release, NF-κB activation, autophagy, and cellular senescence. The present article discusses the emergence of cGLRs as critical PRRs and how they regulate immune responses. We examined the role of cGAS/STING signaling, a well-studied cGLR system, in the activation of the immune system. The following sections discuss the role of cGAS/STING dysregulation in disease and how immune cross-talk with other PRRs maintains immune homeostasis. This understanding will lead to the design of better vaccines and immunotherapeutics for various diseases, including infections, autoimmunity, and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Surgery, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA;
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Han J, Wang Z, Han F, Peng B, Du J, Zhang C. Microtubule disruption synergizes with STING signaling to show potent and broad-spectrum antiviral activity. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012048. [PMID: 38408104 PMCID: PMC10919859 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The activation of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling induces the production of type I interferons (IFNs), which play critical roles in protective innate immunity for the host to defend against viral infections. Therefore, achieving sustained or enhanced STING activation could become an antiviral immune strategy with potential broad-spectrum activities. Here, we discovered that various clinically used microtubule-destabilizing agents (MDAs) for the treatment of cancer showed a synergistic effect with the activation of STING signaling in innate immune response. The combination of a STING agonist cGAMP and a microtubule depolymerizer MMAE boosted the activation of STING innate immune response and showed broad-spectrum antiviral activity against multiple families of viruses. Mechanistically, MMAE not only disrupted the microtubule network, but also switched the cGAMP-mediated STING trafficking pattern and changed the distribution of Golgi apparatus and STING puncta. The combination of cGAMP and MMAE promoted the oligomerization of STING and downstream signaling cascades. Importantly, the cGAMP plus MMAE treatment increased STING-mediated production of IFNs and other antiviral cytokines to inhibit viral propagation in vitro and in vivo. This study revealed a novel role of the microtubule destabilizer in antiviral immune responses and provides a previously unexploited strategy based on STING-induced innate antiviral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhimeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fangping Han
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Microbiology Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Juanjuan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry &Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University Beijing, China
| | - Conggang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
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Jeon MJ, Lee H, Jo S, Kang M, Jeong JH, Jeong SH, Lee JY, Song GY, Choo H, Lee S, Kim H. Discovery of novel amidobenzimidazole derivatives as orally available small molecule modulators of stimulator of interferon genes for cancer immunotherapy. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 261:115834. [PMID: 37862818 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonists show promise as immunomodulatory agents for cancer therapy. In this study, we report the discovery of a novel orally available STING agonist, SAP-04, that exhibits potent immunomodulatory effects for cancer therapy. By optimizing the amidobenzimidazole core with various pyridine-based heterocyclic substituents, we identified a monomeric variant that displayed more efficient STING agonistic activity than the corresponding dimer. SAP-04 efficiently induced cytokine secretion related to innate immunity by directly binding of the compound to the STING protein, followed by sequential signal transduction for the STING signaling pathway and type I interferon (IFN) responses. Further pharmacological validation in vitro and in vivo demonstrated the potential utility of SAP-04 as an immunomodulatory agent for cancer therapy in vivo. The in vivo anticancer effect was observed in a 4T1 breast tumor syngeneic mouse model through oral administration of the compound. Our findings suggest a possible strategy for developing synthetically accessible monomeric variants as orally available STING agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jae Jeon
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyelim Lee
- Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongman Jo
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Miso Kang
- Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Jeong
- Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - So Hyeon Jeong
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Youn Lee
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Yong Song
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunah Choo
- Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghee Lee
- Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; Department for HY-KIST Bio-convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyejin Kim
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea.
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Li ZC, Xu FF, Fu JT, Ouyang SX, Cao Q, Yan YY, Li DJ, Shen FM, Ni M. Sting mutation attenuates acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury by limiting NLRP3 activation. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 125:111133. [PMID: 38149573 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (N-acetyl-p-aminophenol; APAP), a widely used effective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, leads to acute liver injury at overdose worldwide. Evidence showed that the severity of liver injury associated with the subsequent involvement of inflammatory mediators and immune cells. The innate immune stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING) pathway was critical in modulating inflammation. Here, we show that STING was activated and inflammation was enhanced in the liver in APAP-overdosed C57BL/6J mice, and Sting mutation (Stinggt/gt) mice exhibited less liver damage. Multiplexing flow cytometry displayed that Sting mutation changed hepatic recruitment and replacement of macrophages/monocytes in APAP-overdosed mice, which was inclined to anti-inflammation. In addition, Sting mutation limited NLRP3 activation in the liver in APAP-overdosed mice, and inhibited the expression of inflammatory cytokines. Finally, MCC950, a potent and selective NLRP3 inhibitor, significantly ameliorated APAP-induced liver injury and inflammation. Besides, pretreatment of MCC950 in C57 mice resulted in changes of immune cells infiltration in the liver similar to Stinggt/gt mice. Our study revealed that STING played a crucial role in APAP-induced acute liver injury, possibly by maintaining liver immune cells homeostasis and inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation, suggesting that inhibiting STING-NLRP3 pathway might be a potential therapeutic strategy for acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Chen Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang-Fang Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang-Tao Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shen-Xi Ouyang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Ying Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong-Jie Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fu-Ming Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Min Ni
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Jeyachandran AV, Irudayam JI, Dubey S, Chakravarty N, Konda B, Shah A, Su B, Wang C, Cui Q, Williams KJ, Srikanth S, Shi Y, Deb A, Damoiseaux R, Stripp BR, Ramaiah A, Arumugaswami V. Comparative Analysis of Molecular Pathogenic Mechanisms and Antiviral Development Targeting Old and New World Hantaviruses. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.04.552083. [PMID: 37577539 PMCID: PMC10418258 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.04.552083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Hantaviruses - dichotomized into New World (i.e. Andes virus, ANDV; Sin Nombre virus, SNV) and Old-World viruses (i.e. Hantaan virus, HTNV) - are zoonotic viruses transmitted from rodents to humans. Currently, no FDA-approved vaccines against hantaviruses exist. Given the recent breakthrough to human-human transmission by the ANDV, an essential step is to establish an effective pandemic preparedness infrastructure to rapidly identify cell tropism, infective potential, and effective therapeutic agents through systematic investigation. Methods We established human cell model systems in lung (airway and distal lung epithelial cells), heart (pluripotent stem cell-derived (PSC-) cardiomyocytes), and brain (PSC-astrocytes) cell types and subsequently evaluated ANDV, HTNV and SNV tropisms. Transcriptomic, lipidomic and bioinformatic data analyses were performed to identify the molecular pathogenic mechanisms of viruses in different cell types. This cell-based infection system was utilized to establish a drug testing platform and pharmacogenomic comparisons. Results ANDV showed broad tropism for all cell types assessed. HTNV replication was predominantly observed in heart and brain cells. ANDV efficiently replicated in human and mouse 3D distal lung organoids. Transcriptomic analysis showed that ANDV infection resulted in pronounced inflammatory response and downregulation of cholesterol biosynthesis pathway in lung cells. Lipidomic profiling revealed that ANDV-infected cells showed reduced level of cholesterol esters and triglycerides. Further analysis of pathway-based molecular signatures showed that, compared to SNV and HTNV, ANDV infection caused drastic lung cell injury responses. A selective drug screening identified STING agonists, nucleoside analogues and plant-derived compounds that inhibited ANDV viral infection and rescued cellular metabolism. In line with experimental results, transcriptome data shows that the least number of total and unique differentially expressed genes were identified in urolithin B- and favipiravir-treated cells, confirming the higher efficiency of these two drugs in inhibiting ANDV, resulting in host cell ability to balance gene expression to establish proper cell functioning. Conclusions Overall, our study describes advanced human PSC-derived model systems and systems-level transcriptomics and lipidomic data to better understand Old and New World hantaviral tropism, as well as drug candidates that can be further assessed for potential rapid deployment in the event of a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjit Vijey Jeyachandran
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Ignatius Irudayam
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Swati Dubey
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nikhil Chakravarty
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bindu Konda
- Department of Medicine, Lung and Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aayushi Shah
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Baolong Su
- Dept. of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
- UCLA Lipidomics Lab, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, CA, USA
| | - Qi Cui
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, CA, USA
| | - Kevin J. Williams
- Dept. of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
- UCLA Lipidomics Lab, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sonal Srikanth
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yanhong Shi
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, CA, USA
| | - Arjun Deb
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Eli & Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Robert Damoiseaux
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Eli & Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Samueli School of Engineering, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Barry R. Stripp
- Department of Medicine, Lung and Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Eli & Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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