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Goodfellow SM, Nofchissey RA, Arsnoe D, Ye C, Lee S, Park J, Kim WK, Chandran K, Whitmer SLM, Klena JD, Dyal JW, Shoemaker T, Riner D, Stobierski MG, Signs K, Bradfute SB. Case of Human Orthohantavirus Infection, Michigan, USA, 2021. Emerg Infect Dis 2024; 30:817-821. [PMID: 38526320 PMCID: PMC10977823 DOI: 10.3201/eid3004.231138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Orthohantaviruses cause hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome; most cases occur in the southwest region of the United States. We discuss a clinical case of orthohantavirus infection in a 65-year-old woman in Michigan and the phylogeographic link of partial viral fragments from the patient and rodents captured near the presumed site of infection.
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Jacob AT, Ziegler BM, Farha SM, Vivian LR, Zilinski CA, Armstrong AR, Burdette AJ, Beachboard DC, Stobart CC. Sin Nombre Virus and the Emergence of Other Hantaviruses: A Review of the Biology, Ecology, and Disease of a Zoonotic Pathogen. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12:1413. [PMID: 37998012 PMCID: PMC10669331 DOI: 10.3390/biology12111413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Sin Nombre virus (SNV) is an emerging virus that was first discovered in the Four Corners region of the United States in 1993. The virus causes a disease known as Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS), sometimes called Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome (HCPS), a life-threatening illness named for the predominance of infection of pulmonary endothelial cells. SNV is one of several rodent-borne hantaviruses found in the western hemisphere with the capability of causing this disease. The primary reservoir of SNV is the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus), and the virus is transmitted primarily through aerosolized rodent excreta and secreta. Here, we review the history of SNV emergence and its virus biology and relationship to other New World hantaviruses, disease, treatment, and prevention options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T. Jacob
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA
| | | | - Stefania M. Farha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA
| | - Lyla R. Vivian
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA
| | - Cora A. Zilinski
- Department of Biology, DeSales University, Center Valley, PA 18034, USA
| | | | - Andrew J. Burdette
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA
| | - Dia C. Beachboard
- Department of Biology, DeSales University, Center Valley, PA 18034, USA
| | - Christopher C. Stobart
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA
- Interdisciplinary Program in Public Health, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA
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Jeyachandran AV, Irudayam JI, Dubey S, Chakravarty N, Konda B, Shah A, Su B, Wang C, Cui Q, Williams KJ, Srikanth S, Shi Y, Deb A, Damoiseaux R, Stripp BR, Ramaiah A, Arumugaswami V. Comparative Analysis of Molecular Pathogenic Mechanisms and Antiviral Development Targeting Old and New World Hantaviruses. bioRxiv 2023:2023.08.04.552083. [PMID: 37577539 PMCID: PMC10418258 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.04.552083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Hantaviruses - dichotomized into New World (i.e. Andes virus, ANDV; Sin Nombre virus, SNV) and Old-World viruses (i.e. Hantaan virus, HTNV) - are zoonotic viruses transmitted from rodents to humans. Currently, no FDA-approved vaccines against hantaviruses exist. Given the recent breakthrough to human-human transmission by the ANDV, an essential step is to establish an effective pandemic preparedness infrastructure to rapidly identify cell tropism, infective potential, and effective therapeutic agents through systematic investigation. Methods We established human cell model systems in lung (airway and distal lung epithelial cells), heart (pluripotent stem cell-derived (PSC-) cardiomyocytes), and brain (PSC-astrocytes) cell types and subsequently evaluated ANDV, HTNV and SNV tropisms. Transcriptomic, lipidomic and bioinformatic data analyses were performed to identify the molecular pathogenic mechanisms of viruses in different cell types. This cell-based infection system was utilized to establish a drug testing platform and pharmacogenomic comparisons. Results ANDV showed broad tropism for all cell types assessed. HTNV replication was predominantly observed in heart and brain cells. ANDV efficiently replicated in human and mouse 3D distal lung organoids. Transcriptomic analysis showed that ANDV infection resulted in pronounced inflammatory response and downregulation of cholesterol biosynthesis pathway in lung cells. Lipidomic profiling revealed that ANDV-infected cells showed reduced level of cholesterol esters and triglycerides. Further analysis of pathway-based molecular signatures showed that, compared to SNV and HTNV, ANDV infection caused drastic lung cell injury responses. A selective drug screening identified STING agonists, nucleoside analogues and plant-derived compounds that inhibited ANDV viral infection and rescued cellular metabolism. In line with experimental results, transcriptome data shows that the least number of total and unique differentially expressed genes were identified in urolithin B- and favipiravir-treated cells, confirming the higher efficiency of these two drugs in inhibiting ANDV, resulting in host cell ability to balance gene expression to establish proper cell functioning. Conclusions Overall, our study describes advanced human PSC-derived model systems and systems-level transcriptomics and lipidomic data to better understand Old and New World hantaviral tropism, as well as drug candidates that can be further assessed for potential rapid deployment in the event of a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjit Vijey Jeyachandran
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Ignatius Irudayam
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Swati Dubey
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nikhil Chakravarty
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bindu Konda
- Department of Medicine, Lung and Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aayushi Shah
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Baolong Su
- Dept. of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
- UCLA Lipidomics Lab, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, CA, USA
| | - Qi Cui
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, CA, USA
| | - Kevin J. Williams
- Dept. of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
- UCLA Lipidomics Lab, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sonal Srikanth
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yanhong Shi
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, CA, USA
| | - Arjun Deb
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Eli & Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Robert Damoiseaux
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Eli & Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Samueli School of Engineering, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Barry R. Stripp
- Department of Medicine, Lung and Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Eli & Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Engdahl TB, Binshtein E, Brocato RL, Kuzmina NA, Principe LM, Kwilas SA, Kim RK, Chapman NS, Porter MS, Guardado-Calvo P, Rey FA, Handal LS, Diaz SM, Zagol-Ikapitte IA, Tran MH, McDonald WH, Meiler J, Reidy JX, Trivette A, Bukreyev A, Hooper JW, Crowe JE. Antigenic mapping and functional characterization of human New World hantavirus neutralizing antibodies. eLife 2023; 12:e81743. [PMID: 36971354 PMCID: PMC10115451 DOI: 10.7554/elife.81743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses are high-priority emerging pathogens carried by rodents and transmitted to humans by aerosolized excreta or, in rare cases, person-to-person contact. While infections in humans are relatively rare, mortality rates range from 1 to 40% depending on the hantavirus species. There are currently no FDA-approved vaccines or therapeutics for hantaviruses, and the only treatment for infection is supportive care for respiratory or kidney failure. Additionally, the human humoral immune response to hantavirus infection is incompletely understood, especially the location of major antigenic sites on the viral glycoproteins and conserved neutralizing epitopes. Here, we report antigenic mapping and functional characterization for four neutralizing hantavirus antibodies. The broadly neutralizing antibody SNV-53 targets an interface between Gn/Gc, neutralizes through fusion inhibition and cross-protects against the Old World hantavirus species Hantaan virus when administered pre- or post-exposure. Another broad antibody, SNV-24, also neutralizes through fusion inhibition but targets domain I of Gc and demonstrates weak neutralizing activity to authentic hantaviruses. ANDV-specific, neutralizing antibodies (ANDV-5 and ANDV-34) neutralize through attachment blocking and protect against hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in animals but target two different antigenic faces on the head domain of Gn. Determining the antigenic sites for neutralizing antibodies will contribute to further therapeutic development for hantavirus-related diseases and inform the design of new broadly protective hantavirus vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor B Engdahl
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleUnited States
| | - Elad Binshtein
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleUnited States
| | - Rebecca L Brocato
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious DiseasesFt DetrickUnited States
| | - Natalia A Kuzmina
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at GalvestonGalvestonUnited States
- Galveston National LaboratoryGalvestonUnited States
| | - Lucia M Principe
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious DiseasesFt DetrickUnited States
| | - Steven A Kwilas
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious DiseasesFt DetrickUnited States
| | - Robert K Kim
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious DiseasesFt DetrickUnited States
| | - Nathaniel S Chapman
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleUnited States
| | - Monique S Porter
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleUnited States
| | | | - Félix A Rey
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris CitéParisFrance
| | - Laura S Handal
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleUnited States
| | - Summer M Diaz
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleUnited States
| | - Irene A Zagol-Ikapitte
- Department of Biochemistry and Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleUnited States
| | - Minh H Tran
- Department of Biochemistry and Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleUnited States
| | - W Hayes McDonald
- Department of Biochemistry and Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleUnited States
| | - Jens Meiler
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleUnited States
| | - Joseph X Reidy
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleUnited States
| | - Andrew Trivette
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleUnited States
| | - Alexander Bukreyev
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at GalvestonGalvestonUnited States
- Galveston National LaboratoryGalvestonUnited States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonUnited States
| | - Jay W Hooper
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious DiseasesFt DetrickUnited States
| | - James E Crowe
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleUnited States
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleUnited States
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleUnited States
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5
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Quizon K, Holloway K, Iranpour M, Warner BM, Deschambault Y, Soule G, Tierney K, Kobasa D, Sloan A, Safronetz D. Experimental Infection of Peromyscus Species Rodents with Sin Nombre Virus. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:1882-1885. [PMID: 35997624 PMCID: PMC9423932 DOI: 10.3201/eid2809.220509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate that 6 distinct Peromyscus rodent species are permissive to experimental infection with Sin Nombre orthohantavirus (SNV). Viral RNA and SNV antibodies were detected in members of all 6 species. P. leucopus mice demonstrated markedly higher viral and antibody titers than P. maniculatus mice, the established primary hosts for SNV.
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Warner BM, Dowhanik S, Audet J, Grolla A, Dick D, Strong JE, Kobasa D, Lindsay LR, Kobinger G, Feldmann H, Artsob H, Drebot MA, Safronetz D. Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome in Canada. Emerg Infect Dis 2021; 26:3020-3024. [PMID: 33219792 PMCID: PMC7706972 DOI: 10.3201/eid2612.202808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) is a severe respiratory disease caused by Sin Nombre virus in North America (SNV). As of January 1, 2020, SNV has caused 143 laboratory-confirmed cases of HCPS in Canada. We review critical aspects of SNV virus epidemiology and the ecology, biology, and genetics of HCPS in Canada.
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7
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Orrock JL, Connolly BM, Guiden PW, Chandler JL, Bron GM, Drost CA, Garcelon DK. Sin Nombre virus prevalence from 2014-2017 in wild deer mice, Peromyscus maniculatus, on five of the California Channel Islands. Zoonoses Public Health 2021; 68:849-853. [PMID: 34028194 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sin Nombre virus (SNV) is a zoonotic virus that is highly pathogenic to humans. The deer mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus, is the primary host of SNV, and SNV prevalence in P. maniculatus is an important indicator of human disease risk. Because the California Channel Islands contain permanent human settlements, receive hundreds of thousands of visitors each year, and can have extremely high densities of P. maniculatus, surveillance for SNV in island P. maniculatus is important for understanding the human risk of zoonotic disease. Despite the importance of surveillance on these heavily utilized islands, SNV prevalence (i.e. the proportion of P. maniculatus that test positive to antibodies to SNV) has not been examined in the last 13-27 years. We present data on 1,610 mice sampled for four consecutive years (2014-2017) on five of the California Channel Islands: East Anacapa, Santa Barbara, Santa Catalina, San Nicolas, and San Clemente. Despite historical data indicating SNV-positive mice on San Clemente and Santa Catalina, we detected no SNV-positive mice on these islands, suggesting very low prevalence or possible loss of SNV. Islands historically free of SNV (East Anacapa, Santa Barbara, and San Nicolas) remained free of SNV, suggesting that rates of pathogen introduction from other islands and/or the mainland are low. Although continued surveillance is warranted to determine whether SNV establishes on these islands, our work helps inform current human disease risk in these locations and suggests that SNV prevalence on these islands is currently very low.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Orrock
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Brian M Connolly
- Department of Biology, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, USA
| | - Peter W Guiden
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - Jennifer L Chandler
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Gebbiena M Bron
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Charles A Drost
- Southwest Biological Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
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8
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Engdahl TB, Kuzmina NA, Ronk AJ, Mire CE, Hyde MA, Kose N, Josleyn MD, Sutton RE, Mehta A, Wolters RM, Lloyd NM, Valdivieso FR, Ksiazek TG, Hooper JW, Bukreyev A, Crowe JE. Broad and potently neutralizing monoclonal antibodies isolated from human survivors of New World hantavirus infection. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109086. [PMID: 33951434 PMCID: PMC8142553 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
New World hantaviruses (NWHs) are endemic in North and South America and cause hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS), with a case fatality rate of up to 40%. Knowledge of the natural humoral immune response to NWH infection is limited. Here, we describe human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) isolated from individuals previously infected with Sin Nombre virus (SNV) or Andes virus (ANDV). Most SNV-reactive antibodies show broad recognition and cross-neutralization of both New and Old World hantaviruses, while many ANDV-reactive antibodies show activity for ANDV only. mAbs ANDV-44 and SNV-53 compete for binding to a distinct site on the ANDV surface glycoprotein and show potently neutralizing activity to New and Old World hantaviruses. Four mAbs show therapeutic efficacy at clinically relevant doses in hamsters. These studies reveal a convergent and potently neutralizing human antibody response to NWHs and suggest therapeutic potential for human mAbs against HCPS. Engdahl et al. show that monoclonal antibodies isolated from human survivors of New World hantavirus infection display broad and potent neutralization across hantavirus species and recognize distinct sites on the glycoprotein spike. Multiple antibodies demonstrate potential therapeutic candidates for New World hantavirus infection. Some antibodies also neutralized Old World hantaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor B Engdahl
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Natalia A Kuzmina
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Adam J Ronk
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Chad E Mire
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX 77550, USA; Animal Resource Center, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Matthew A Hyde
- Animal Resource Center, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Nurgun Kose
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Matthew D Josleyn
- Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Rachel E Sutton
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Apoorva Mehta
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Rachael M Wolters
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Nicole M Lloyd
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Francisca R Valdivieso
- Programa Hantavirus, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina (ICIM), Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7590943, Chile
| | - Thomas G Ksiazek
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Jay W Hooper
- Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Alexander Bukreyev
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX 77550, USA.
| | - James E Crowe
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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9
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Danforth ME, Messenger S, Buttke D, Weinburke M, Carroll G, Hacker G, Niemela M, Andrews ES, Jackson BT, Kramer V, Novak M. Long-Term Rodent Surveillance after Outbreak of Hantavirus Infection, Yosemite National Park, California, USA, 2012. Emerg Infect Dis 2021; 26:560-567. [PMID: 32091360 PMCID: PMC7045852 DOI: 10.3201/eid2603.191307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2012, a total of 9 cases of hantavirus infection occurred in overnight visitors to Yosemite Valley, Yosemite National Park, California, USA. In the 6 years after the initial outbreak investigation, the California Department of Public Health conducted 11 rodent trapping events in developed areas of Yosemite Valley and 6 in Tuolumne Meadows to monitor the relative abundance of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) and seroprevalence of Sin Nombre orthohantavirus, the causative agent of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. Deer mouse trap success in Yosemite Valley remained lower than that observed during the 2012 outbreak investigation. Seroprevalence of Sin Nombre orthohantavirus in deer mice during 2013–2018 was also lower than during the outbreak, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.02). The decreased relative abundance of Peromyscus spp. mice in developed areas of Yosemite Valley after the outbreak is probably associated with increased rodent exclusion efforts and decreased peridomestic habitat.
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Wilson TM, Paddock CD, Reagan-Steiner S, Bhatnagar J, Martines RB, Wiens AL, Madsen M, Komatsu KK, Venkat H, Zaki SR. Intersecting Paths of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases. Emerg Infect Dis 2021; 27:1517-1519. [PMID: 33704045 PMCID: PMC8084486 DOI: 10.3201/eid2705.204779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) shares common clinicopathologic features with other severe pulmonary illnesses. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome was diagnosed in 2 patients in Arizona, USA, suspected of dying from infection with SARS-CoV-2. Differential diagnoses and possible co-infections should be considered for cases of respiratory distress during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
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11
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Sweeny AR, Thomason CA, Carbajal EA, Hansen CB, Graham AL, Pedersen AB. Experimental parasite community perturbation reveals associations between Sin Nombre virus and gastrointestinal nematodes in a rodent reservoir host. Biol Lett 2020; 16:20200604. [PMID: 33353521 PMCID: PMC7775983 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2020.0604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Individuals are often co-infected with several parasite species, yet measuring within-host interactions remains difficult in the wild. Consequently, the impacts of such interactions on host fitness and epidemiology are often unknown. We used anthelmintic drugs to experimentally reduce nematode infection and measured the effects on both nematodes and the important zoonosis Sin Nombre virus (SNV) in its primary reservoir (Peromyscus spp.). Treatment significantly reduced nematode infection, but increased SNV seroprevalence. Furthermore, mice that were co-infected with both nematodes and SNV were in better condition and survived up to four times longer than uninfected or singly infected mice. These results highlight the importance of investigating multiple parasites for understanding interindividual variation and epidemiological dynamics in reservoir populations with zoonotic transmission potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy R Sweeny
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Centre of Infection, School of Biological Sciences, Kings Buildings, Ashworth Laboratories, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Courtney A Thomason
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Edwin A Carbajal
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Christina B Hansen
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Andrea L Graham
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Amy B Pedersen
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Centre of Infection, School of Biological Sciences, Kings Buildings, Ashworth Laboratories, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh, UK
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12
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Kjemtrup AM, Messenger S, Meza AM, Feiszli T, Yoshimizu MH, Padgett K, Singh S. New Exposure Location for Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome Case, California, USA, 2018. Emerg Infect Dis 2020; 25:1962-1964. [PMID: 31538924 PMCID: PMC6759255 DOI: 10.3201/eid2510.190058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in a patient exposed to Sin Nombre virus in a coastal county in California, USA, that had no previous record of human cases. Environmental evaluation coupled with genotypic analysis of virus isolates from the case-patient and locally trapped rodents identified the likely exposure location.
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13
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Duehr J, McMahon M, Williamson B, Amanat F, Durbin A, Hawman DW, Noack D, Uhl S, Tan GS, Feldmann H, Krammer F. Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies against the Gn and the Gc of the Andes Virus Glycoprotein Spike Complex Protect from Virus Challenge in a Preclinical Hamster Model. mBio 2020; 11:e00028-20. [PMID: 32209676 PMCID: PMC7157512 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00028-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses are the etiological agent of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). The latter is associated with case fatality rates ranging from 30% to 50%. HCPS cases are rare, with approximately 300 recorded annually in the Americas. Recently, an HCPS outbreak of unprecedented size has been occurring in and around Epuyén, in the southwestern Argentinian state of Chubut. Since November of 2018, at least 29 cases have been laboratory confirmed, and human-to-human transmission is suspected. Despite posing a significant threat to public health, no treatment or vaccine is available for hantaviral disease. Here, we describe an effort to identify, characterize, and develop neutralizing and protective antibodies against the glycoprotein complex (Gn and Gc) of Andes virus (ANDV), the causative agent of the Epuyén outbreak. Using murine hybridoma technology, we generated 19 distinct monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against ANDV GnGc. When tested for neutralization against a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus expressing the Andes glycoprotein (GP) (VSV-ANDV), 12 MAbs showed potent neutralization and 8 showed activity in an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity reporter assay. Escape mutant analysis revealed that neutralizing MAbs targeted both the Gn and the Gc. Four MAbs that bound different epitopes were selected for preclinical studies and were found to be 100% protective against lethality in a Syrian hamster model of ANDV infection. These data suggest the existence of a wide array of neutralizing antibody epitopes on hantavirus GnGc with unique properties and mechanisms of action.IMPORTANCE Infections with New World hantaviruses are associated with high case fatality rates, and no specific vaccine or treatment options exist. Furthermore, the biology of the hantaviral GnGc complex, its antigenicity, and its fusion machinery are poorly understood. Protective monoclonal antibodies against GnGc have the potential to be developed into therapeutics against hantaviral disease and are also great tools to elucidate the biology of the glycoprotein complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Duehr
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Meagan McMahon
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Brandi Williamson
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA
| | - Fatima Amanat
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alan Durbin
- Infectious Diseases, The J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - David W Hawman
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA
| | - Danny Noack
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Skyler Uhl
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gene S Tan
- Infectious Diseases, The J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Heinz Feldmann
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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Warner BM, Stein DR, Jangra RK, Slough MM, Sroga P, Sloan A, Frost KL, Booth S, Chandran K, Safronetz D. Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-Based Vaccines Provide Cross-Protection against Andes and Sin Nombre Viruses. Viruses 2019; 11:E645. [PMID: 31337019 DOI: 10.3390/v11070645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Andes virus (ANDV) and Sin Nombre virus (SNV) are the main causative agents responsible for hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in the Americas. HCPS is a severe respiratory disease with a high fatality rate for which there are no approved therapeutics or vaccines available. Some vaccine approaches for HCPS have been tested in preclinical models, but none have been tested in infectious models in regard to their ability to protect against multiple species of HCPS-causing viruses. Here, we utilize recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-based (VSV) vaccines for Andes virus (ANDV) and Sin Nombre virus (SNV) and assess their ability to provide cross-protection in infectious challenge models. We show that, while both rVSVΔG/ANDVGPC and rVSVΔG/SNVGPC display attenuated growth as compared to wild type VSV, each vaccine is able to induce a cross-reactive antibody response. Both vaccines protected against both homologous and heterologous challenge with ANDV and SNV and prevented HCPS in a lethal ANDV challenge model. This study provides evidence that the development of a single vaccine against HCPS-causing hantaviruses could provide protection against multiple agents.
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Burns JE, Metzger ME, Messenger S, Fritz CL, Vilcins IME, Enge B, Bronson LR, Kramer VL, Hu R. Novel Focus of Sin Nombre Virus in Peromyscus eremicus Mice, Death Valley National Park, California, USA. Emerg Infect Dis 2019; 24:1112-1115. [PMID: 29774841 PMCID: PMC6004862 DOI: 10.3201/eid2406.180089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The deer mouse (Peromyscusmaniculatus) is the primary reservoir for Sin Nombre virus (SNV) in the western United States. Rodent surveillance for hantavirus in Death Valley National Park, California, USA, revealed cactus mice (P. eremicus) as a possible focal reservoir for SNV in this location. We identified SNV antibodies in 40% of cactus mice sampled.
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16
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Warner BM, Stein DR, Griffin BD, Tierney K, Leung A, Sloan A, Kobasa D, Poliquin G, Kobinger GP, Safronetz D. Development and Characterization of a Sin Nombre Virus Transmission Model in Peromyscus maniculatus. Viruses 2019; 11:v11020183. [PMID: 30795592 PMCID: PMC6409794 DOI: 10.3390/v11020183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In North America, Sin Nombre virus (SNV) is the main cause of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS), a severe respiratory disease with a fatality rate of 35–40%. SNV is a zoonotic pathogen carried by deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus), and few studies have been performed examining its transmission in deer mouse populations. Studying SNV and other hantaviruses can be difficult due to the need to propagate the virus in vivo for subsequent experiments. We show that when compared with standard intramuscular infection, the intraperitoneal infection of deer mice can be as effective in producing SNV stocks with a high viral RNA copy number, and this method of infection provides a more reproducible infection model. Furthermore, the age and sex of the infected deer mice have little effect on viral replication and shedding. We also describe a reliable model of direct experimental SNV transmission. We examined the transmission of SNV between deer mice and found that direct contact between deer mice is the main driver of SNV transmission rather than exposure to contaminated excreta/secreta, which is thought to be the main driver of transmission of the virus to humans. Furthermore, increases in heat shock responses or testosterone levels in SNV-infected deer mice do not increase the replication, shedding, or rate of transmission. Here, we have demonstrated a model for the transmission of SNV between deer mice, the natural rodent reservoir for the virus. The use of this model will have important implications for further examining SNV transmission and in developing strategies for the prevention of SNV infection in deer mouse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce M Warner
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada.
| | - Derek R Stein
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E3R2, Canada.
| | - Bryan D Griffin
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E3R2, Canada.
| | - Kevin Tierney
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E3R2, Canada.
| | - Anders Leung
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E3R2, Canada.
| | - Angela Sloan
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E3R2, Canada.
| | - Darwyn Kobasa
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada.
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E3R2, Canada.
| | - Guillaume Poliquin
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E3R2, Canada.
| | - Gary P Kobinger
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6 Canada.
| | - David Safronetz
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada.
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E3R2, Canada.
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17
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Abstract
We use data collected on 18,1-ha live trapping grids monitored from 1994 through 2005 and on five of those grids through 2013 in the mesic northwestern US to illustrate the complexity of the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)/Sin Nombre virus (SNV) host-pathogen system. Important factors necessary to understand zoonotic disease ecology include those associated with distribution and population dynamics of reservoir species as well as infection dynamics. Results are based on more than 851,000 trap nights, 16,608 individual deer mice and 10,572 collected blood samples. Deer mice were distributed throughout every habitat we sampled and were present during every sampling period in all habitats except high altitude habitats over1900 m. Abundance varied greatly among locations with peak numbers occurring mostly during fall. However, peak rodent abundance occurred during fall, winter and spring during various years on three grids trapped 12 mo/yr. Prevalence of antibodies to SNV averaged 3.9% to 22.1% but no grids had mice with antibodies during every month. The maximum period without antibody-positive mice ranged from one month to 52 months, or even more at high altitude grids where deer mice were not always present. Months without antibody-positive mice were more prevalent during fall than spring. Population fluctuations were not synchronous over broad geographic areas and antibody prevalences were not well spatially consistent, differing greatly over short distances. We observed an apparently negative, but non-statistically significant relationship between average antibody prevalence and average deer mouse population abundance and a statistically significant positive relationship between the average number of antibody positive mice and average population abundance. We present data from which potential researchers can estimate the effort required to adequately describe the ecology of a rodent-borne viral system. We address different factors affecting population dynamics and hantavirus antibody prevalence and discuss the path to understanding a complex rodent-borne disease system as well as the obstacles in that path.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - María Victoria Vadell
- Laboratorio de Ecología de Poblaciones, Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, C1428EGA Argentina
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18
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Abstract
Biodiversity often serves to reduce zoonotic pathogens, such that prevalence is lower in communities of greater diversity. This phenomenon is termed the dilution effect, and although it has been reported for several pathogens (e.g. Sin Nombre virus, SNV), the mechanism is largely unknown. We investigated a putative mechanism, by testing the hypothesis that higher biodiversity alters behaviours important in pathogen transmission. Using deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) and SNV as our host-pathogen system, and a novel surveillance system, we compared host behaviours between high- and low-diversity communities. Behaviours were observed on foraging trays equipped with infrared cameras and passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag readers. Deer mice inhabiting the more diverse site spent less time in behaviours related to SNV transmission compared to deer mice from the less diverse site. The differences were attributed to the composition of behavioural phenotypes ('bold' versus 'shy') on the sites. Bold deer mice were 4.6 times more numerous on the less diverse site and three times more likely to be infected with SNV than shy deer mice. Our findings suggest that biodiversity affects pathogen transmission by altering the presence of different behavioural phenotypes. These findings have implications for human health and conservation.
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19
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Wilken JA, Jackson R, Materna BL, Windham GC, Enge B, Messenger S, Xia D, Knust B, Buttke D, Roisman R. Assessing prevention measures and Sin Nombre hantavirus seroprevalence among workers at Yosemite National Park. Am J Ind Med 2015; 58:658-67. [PMID: 25943457 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During 2012, a total of 10 overnight visitors to Yosemite National Park (Yosemite) became infected with a hantavirus (Sin Nombre virus [SNV]); three died. SNV infections have been identified among persons with occupational exposure to deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus). METHODS We assessed SNV infection prevalence, work and living environments, mice exposures, and SNV prevention training, knowledge, and practices among workers of two major employers at Yosemite during September-October, 2012 by voluntary blood testing and a questionnaire. RESULTS One of 526 participants had evidence of previous SNV infection. Participants reported frequently observing rodent infestations at work and home and not always following prescribed safety practices for tasks, including infestation cleanup. CONCLUSION Although participants had multiple exposures to deer mice, we did not find evidence of widespread SNV infections. Nevertheless, employees working around deer mice should receive appropriate training and consistently follow prevention policies for high-risk activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A. Wilken
- California Department of Public Health; Richmond California
- Epidemic Intelligence Service; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Atlanta Georgia
| | - Rebecca Jackson
- California Department of Public Health; Richmond California
- Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists; Applied Epidemiology Fellow; Atlanta Georgia
| | | | | | - Barryett Enge
- California Department of Public Health; Richmond California
| | | | - Dongxiang Xia
- California Department of Public Health; Richmond California
| | - Barbara Knust
- National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases; Centers for Disease Controland Prevention; Atlanta Georgia
| | - Danielle Buttke
- National Park Service; Office of Public Health; Fort Collins Colorado
| | - Rachel Roisman
- California Department of Public Health; Richmond California
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20
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Carver S, Mills JN, Parmenter CA, Parmenter RR, Richardson KS, Harris RL, Douglass RJ, Kuenzi AJ, Luis AD. Toward a Mechanistic Understanding of Environmentally Forced Zoonotic Disease Emergence: Sin Nombre Hantavirus. Bioscience 2015; 65:651-666. [PMID: 26955081 PMCID: PMC4776718 DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biv047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the environmental drivers of zoonotic reservoir and human interactions is crucial to understanding disease risk, but these drivers are poorly predicted. We propose a mechanistic understanding of human-reservoir interactions, using hantavirus pulmonary syndrome as a case study. Crucial processes underpinning the disease's incidence remain poorly studied, including the connectivity among natural and peridomestic deer mouse host activity, virus transmission, and human exposure. We found that disease cases were greatest in arid states and declined exponentially with increasing precipitation. Within arid environments, relatively rare climatic conditions (e.g., El Niño) are associated with increased rainfall and reservoir abundance, producing more frequent virus transmission and host dispersal. We suggest that deer mice increase their occupancy of peridomestic structures during spring-summer, amplifying intraspecific transmission and human infection risk. Disease incidence in arid states may increase with predicted climatic changes. Mechanistic approaches incorporating reservoir behavior, reservoir-human interactions, and pathogen spillover could enhance our understanding of global hantavirus ecology, with applications to other directly transmitted zoonoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Carver
- Scott Carver ( ) and Rachel L. Harris are affiliated with the School of Biological Sciences at the University of Tasmania, in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. James N. Mills is affiliated with the Special Pathogens Branch of the Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Population Biology, Ecology, and Evolution Group at Emory University, in Atlanta, Georgia. Cheryl A. Parmenter is affiliated with the Museum of Southwestern Biology in the Department of Biology at the University of New Mexico, in Albuquerque. Robert R. Parmenter is affiliated with the Department of the Interior (National Park Service), in Jemez Springs, New Mexico. Kyle Richardson is affiliated with the Hopkirk Research Institute, at Massey University, in Palmerston North, New Zealand. SC, KR, Richard J. Douglass, and Amy J. Kuenzi are affiliated with the Department of Biology at Montana Tech of the University of Montana, in Butte. Angela D. Luis is affiliated with the College of Forestry and Conservation at the University of Montana, in Missoula
| | - James N Mills
- Scott Carver ( ) and Rachel L. Harris are affiliated with the School of Biological Sciences at the University of Tasmania, in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. James N. Mills is affiliated with the Special Pathogens Branch of the Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Population Biology, Ecology, and Evolution Group at Emory University, in Atlanta, Georgia. Cheryl A. Parmenter is affiliated with the Museum of Southwestern Biology in the Department of Biology at the University of New Mexico, in Albuquerque. Robert R. Parmenter is affiliated with the Department of the Interior (National Park Service), in Jemez Springs, New Mexico. Kyle Richardson is affiliated with the Hopkirk Research Institute, at Massey University, in Palmerston North, New Zealand. SC, KR, Richard J. Douglass, and Amy J. Kuenzi are affiliated with the Department of Biology at Montana Tech of the University of Montana, in Butte. Angela D. Luis is affiliated with the College of Forestry and Conservation at the University of Montana, in Missoula
| | - Cheryl A Parmenter
- Scott Carver ( ) and Rachel L. Harris are affiliated with the School of Biological Sciences at the University of Tasmania, in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. James N. Mills is affiliated with the Special Pathogens Branch of the Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Population Biology, Ecology, and Evolution Group at Emory University, in Atlanta, Georgia. Cheryl A. Parmenter is affiliated with the Museum of Southwestern Biology in the Department of Biology at the University of New Mexico, in Albuquerque. Robert R. Parmenter is affiliated with the Department of the Interior (National Park Service), in Jemez Springs, New Mexico. Kyle Richardson is affiliated with the Hopkirk Research Institute, at Massey University, in Palmerston North, New Zealand. SC, KR, Richard J. Douglass, and Amy J. Kuenzi are affiliated with the Department of Biology at Montana Tech of the University of Montana, in Butte. Angela D. Luis is affiliated with the College of Forestry and Conservation at the University of Montana, in Missoula
| | - Robert R Parmenter
- Scott Carver ( ) and Rachel L. Harris are affiliated with the School of Biological Sciences at the University of Tasmania, in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. James N. Mills is affiliated with the Special Pathogens Branch of the Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Population Biology, Ecology, and Evolution Group at Emory University, in Atlanta, Georgia. Cheryl A. Parmenter is affiliated with the Museum of Southwestern Biology in the Department of Biology at the University of New Mexico, in Albuquerque. Robert R. Parmenter is affiliated with the Department of the Interior (National Park Service), in Jemez Springs, New Mexico. Kyle Richardson is affiliated with the Hopkirk Research Institute, at Massey University, in Palmerston North, New Zealand. SC, KR, Richard J. Douglass, and Amy J. Kuenzi are affiliated with the Department of Biology at Montana Tech of the University of Montana, in Butte. Angela D. Luis is affiliated with the College of Forestry and Conservation at the University of Montana, in Missoula
| | - Kyle S Richardson
- Scott Carver ( ) and Rachel L. Harris are affiliated with the School of Biological Sciences at the University of Tasmania, in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. James N. Mills is affiliated with the Special Pathogens Branch of the Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Population Biology, Ecology, and Evolution Group at Emory University, in Atlanta, Georgia. Cheryl A. Parmenter is affiliated with the Museum of Southwestern Biology in the Department of Biology at the University of New Mexico, in Albuquerque. Robert R. Parmenter is affiliated with the Department of the Interior (National Park Service), in Jemez Springs, New Mexico. Kyle Richardson is affiliated with the Hopkirk Research Institute, at Massey University, in Palmerston North, New Zealand. SC, KR, Richard J. Douglass, and Amy J. Kuenzi are affiliated with the Department of Biology at Montana Tech of the University of Montana, in Butte. Angela D. Luis is affiliated with the College of Forestry and Conservation at the University of Montana, in Missoula
| | - Rachel L Harris
- Scott Carver ( ) and Rachel L. Harris are affiliated with the School of Biological Sciences at the University of Tasmania, in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. James N. Mills is affiliated with the Special Pathogens Branch of the Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Population Biology, Ecology, and Evolution Group at Emory University, in Atlanta, Georgia. Cheryl A. Parmenter is affiliated with the Museum of Southwestern Biology in the Department of Biology at the University of New Mexico, in Albuquerque. Robert R. Parmenter is affiliated with the Department of the Interior (National Park Service), in Jemez Springs, New Mexico. Kyle Richardson is affiliated with the Hopkirk Research Institute, at Massey University, in Palmerston North, New Zealand. SC, KR, Richard J. Douglass, and Amy J. Kuenzi are affiliated with the Department of Biology at Montana Tech of the University of Montana, in Butte. Angela D. Luis is affiliated with the College of Forestry and Conservation at the University of Montana, in Missoula
| | - Richard J Douglass
- Scott Carver ( ) and Rachel L. Harris are affiliated with the School of Biological Sciences at the University of Tasmania, in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. James N. Mills is affiliated with the Special Pathogens Branch of the Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Population Biology, Ecology, and Evolution Group at Emory University, in Atlanta, Georgia. Cheryl A. Parmenter is affiliated with the Museum of Southwestern Biology in the Department of Biology at the University of New Mexico, in Albuquerque. Robert R. Parmenter is affiliated with the Department of the Interior (National Park Service), in Jemez Springs, New Mexico. Kyle Richardson is affiliated with the Hopkirk Research Institute, at Massey University, in Palmerston North, New Zealand. SC, KR, Richard J. Douglass, and Amy J. Kuenzi are affiliated with the Department of Biology at Montana Tech of the University of Montana, in Butte. Angela D. Luis is affiliated with the College of Forestry and Conservation at the University of Montana, in Missoula
| | - Amy J Kuenzi
- Scott Carver ( ) and Rachel L. Harris are affiliated with the School of Biological Sciences at the University of Tasmania, in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. James N. Mills is affiliated with the Special Pathogens Branch of the Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Population Biology, Ecology, and Evolution Group at Emory University, in Atlanta, Georgia. Cheryl A. Parmenter is affiliated with the Museum of Southwestern Biology in the Department of Biology at the University of New Mexico, in Albuquerque. Robert R. Parmenter is affiliated with the Department of the Interior (National Park Service), in Jemez Springs, New Mexico. Kyle Richardson is affiliated with the Hopkirk Research Institute, at Massey University, in Palmerston North, New Zealand. SC, KR, Richard J. Douglass, and Amy J. Kuenzi are affiliated with the Department of Biology at Montana Tech of the University of Montana, in Butte. Angela D. Luis is affiliated with the College of Forestry and Conservation at the University of Montana, in Missoula
| | - Angela D Luis
- Scott Carver ( ) and Rachel L. Harris are affiliated with the School of Biological Sciences at the University of Tasmania, in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. James N. Mills is affiliated with the Special Pathogens Branch of the Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Population Biology, Ecology, and Evolution Group at Emory University, in Atlanta, Georgia. Cheryl A. Parmenter is affiliated with the Museum of Southwestern Biology in the Department of Biology at the University of New Mexico, in Albuquerque. Robert R. Parmenter is affiliated with the Department of the Interior (National Park Service), in Jemez Springs, New Mexico. Kyle Richardson is affiliated with the Hopkirk Research Institute, at Massey University, in Palmerston North, New Zealand. SC, KR, Richard J. Douglass, and Amy J. Kuenzi are affiliated with the Department of Biology at Montana Tech of the University of Montana, in Butte. Angela D. Luis is affiliated with the College of Forestry and Conservation at the University of Montana, in Missoula
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21
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Núñez JJ, Fritz CL, Knust B, Buttke D, Enge B, Novak MG, Kramer V, Osadebe L, Messenger S, Albariño CG, Ströher U, Niemela M, Amman BR, Wong D, Manning CR, Nichol ST, Rollin PE, Xia D, Watt JP, Vugia DJ. Hantavirus infections among overnight visitors to Yosemite National Park, California, USA, 2012. Emerg Infect Dis 2015; 20:386-93. [PMID: 24565589 PMCID: PMC3944872 DOI: 10.3201/eid2003.131581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
TOC summary: A rare hantavirus outbreak reaffirms the need for control of deer mice and public awareness of the risks posed by contact with them. In summer 2012, an outbreak of hantavirus infections occurred among overnight visitors to Yosemite National Park in California, USA. An investigation encompassing clinical, epidemiologic, laboratory, and environmental factors identified 10 cases among residents of 3 states. Eight case-patients experienced hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, of whom 5 required intensive care with ventilatory support and 3 died. Staying overnight in a signature tent cabin (9 case-patients) was significantly associated with becoming infected with hantavirus (p<0.001). Rodent nests and tunnels were observed in the foam insulation of the cabin walls. Rodent trapping in the implicated area resulted in high trap success rate (51%), and antibodies reactive to Sin Nombre virus were detected in 10 (14%) of 73 captured deer mice. All signature tent cabins were closed and subsequently dismantled. Continuous public awareness and rodent control and exclusion are key measures in minimizing the risk for hantavirus infection in areas inhabited by deer mice.
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22
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Abstract
In the past 20 years of surveillance for hantavirus in humans in the United States, 624 cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) have been reported, 96% of which occurred in states west of the Mississippi River. Most hantavirus infections are caused by Sin Nombre virus, but cases of HPS caused by Bayou, Black Creek Canal, Monongahela, and New York viruses have been reported, and cases of domestically acquired hemorrhagic fever and renal syndrome caused by Seoul virus have also occurred. Rarely, hantavirus infections result in mild illness that does not progress to HPS. Continued testing and surveillance of clinical cases in humans will improve our understanding of the etiologic agents involved and the spectrum of diseases.
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23
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Hooper JW, Josleyn M, Ballantyne J, Brocato R. A novel Sin Nombre virus DNA vaccine and its inclusion in a candidate pan-hantavirus vaccine against hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Vaccine 2013; 31:4314-21. [PMID: 23892100 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Sin Nombre virus (SNV; family Bunyaviridae, genus Hantavirus) causes a hemorrhagic fever known as hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in North America. There have been approximately 200 fatal cases of HPS in the United States since 1993, predominantly in healthy working-age males (case fatality rate 35%). There are no FDA-approved vaccines or drugs to prevent or treat HPS. Previously, we reported that hantavirus vaccines based on the full-length M gene segment of Andes virus (ANDV) for HPS in South America, and Hantaan virus (HTNV) and Puumala virus (PUUV) for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Eurasia, all elicited high-titer neutralizing antibodies in animal models. HFRS is more prevalent than HPS (>20,000 cases per year) but less pathogenic (case fatality rate 1-15%). Here, we report the construction and testing of a SNV full-length M gene-based DNA vaccine to prevent HPS. Rabbits vaccinated with the SNV DNA vaccine by muscle electroporation (mEP) developed high titers of neutralizing antibodies. Furthermore, hamsters vaccinated three times with the SNV DNA vaccine using a gene gun were completely protected against SNV infection. This is the first vaccine of any kind that specifically elicits high-titer neutralizing antibodies against SNV. To test the possibility of producing a pan-hantavirus vaccine, rabbits were vaccinated by mEP with an HPS mix (ANDV and SNV plasmids), or HFRS mix (HTNV and PUUV plasmids), or HPS/HFRS mix (all four plasmids). The HPS mix and HFRS mix elicited neutralizing antibodies predominantly against ANDV/SNV and HTNV/PUUV, respectively. Furthermore, the HPS/HFRS mix elicited neutralizing antibodies against all four viruses. These findings demonstrate a pan-hantavirus vaccine using a mixed-plasmid DNA vaccine approach is feasible and warrants further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay W Hooper
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA.
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Sampasa-Kanyinga H, Lévesque B, Anassour-Laouan-Sidi E, Côté S, Serhir B, Ward BJ, Libman MD, Drebot MA, Makowski K, Dimitrova K, Ndao M, Dewailly É. Zoonotic infections in communities of the James Bay Cree territory: An overview of seroprevalence. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol 2013; 24:79-84. [PMID: 24421806 PMCID: PMC3720002 DOI: 10.1155/2013/370321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The Cree communities of James Bay are at risk for contracting infectious diseases transmitted by wildlife. Data from serological testing for a range of zoonotic infections performed in the general population (six communities), or trappers and their spouses (one community), were abstracted from four population-based studies conducted in Cree territory (Quebec) between 2005 and 2009. Evidence of exposure to Trichinella species, Toxoplasma gondii, Toxocara canis, Echinococcus granulosus, Leptospira species, Coxiella burnetii and Francisella tularensis was verified in all communities, whereas antibodies against Sin Nombre virus and California serogroup viruses (Jamestown Canyon and snowshoe hare viruses) were evaluated in three and six communities, respectively. Seroprevalence varied widely among communities: snowshoe hare virus (1% to 42%), F tularensis (14% to 37%), Leptospira species (10% to 27%), Jamestown Canyon virus (9% to 24%), C burnetii (0% to 18%), T gondii (4% to 12%), T canis (0% to 10%), E granulosus (0% to 4%) and Trichinella species (0% to 1%). No subject had serological evidence of Sin Nombre virus exposure. These data suggest that large proportions of the Cree population have been exposed to at least one of the targeted zoonotic agents. The Cree population, particularly those most heavily exposed to fauna, as well as the medical staff living in these regions, should be aware of these diseases. Greater awareness would not only help to decrease exposures but would also increase the chance of appropriate diagnostic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugues Sampasa-Kanyinga
- Axe Santé des Populations et Environnement, Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec (CHUQ)
| | - Benoit Lévesque
- Axe Santé des Populations et Environnement, Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec (CHUQ)
- Institut national de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ)
| | - Elhadji Anassour-Laouan-Sidi
- Axe Santé des Populations et Environnement, Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec (CHUQ)
| | - Suzanne Côté
- Axe Santé des Populations et Environnement, Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec (CHUQ)
| | | | - Brian J Ward
- JD MacLean Tropical Diseases Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec
| | - Michael D Libman
- Department of Microbiology, Montreal General Hospital, Montréal, Québec
| | - Michael A Drebot
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba
| | - Kai Makowski
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba
| | - Kristina Dimitrova
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba
| | - Momar Ndao
- JD MacLean Tropical Diseases Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec
| | - Éric Dewailly
- Axe Santé des Populations et Environnement, Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec (CHUQ)
- Institut national de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ)
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Richardson K, Carver S, Douglass R, Kuenzi A. Effect of Rock Cover on Small Mammal Abundance in a Montana Grassland. Intermt J Sci 2011; 17:20-29. [PMID: 24817814 PMCID: PMC4012766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We examined the influence of rock cover, as an indicator of presumable retreat site availability on the abundance of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) and prevalence of Sin Nombre virus (SNV) using long-term live trapping and habitat data from three live trapping grids and a short-term (three month), spatially replicated study across three slopes in Cascade County, Montana. In our long-term study, we found that deer mice were more abundant at a live-trapping grid with greater rock cover, than two grids with less rock cover. There was a non-significant trend(P = 0.053) for deer mice to be more abundant in rocky sites in the short term study. In the long-term study, average SNV antibody prevalence among deer mice was slightly greater (5.0 vs. 3.5 % on average) at the live trapping grid with more rock cover, than the grid with less rock cover. We were unable to demonstrate differences in SNV antibody prevalence among treatments in the short-term study. Further studies are needed to elucidate the multiple determinants of deer mouse abundance and SNV prevalence in grassland ecosystem and other habitat types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Richardson
- Department of Biology, Montana Tech of the University of Montana, Butte, Montana 59701
| | - Scott Carver
- Department of Biology, Montana Tech of the University of Montana, Butte, Montana 59701
| | - Richard Douglass
- Department of Biology, Montana Tech of the University of Montana, Butte, Montana 59701
| | - Amy Kuenzi
- Department of Biology, Montana Tech of the University of Montana, Butte, Montana 59701
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Robbin Lindsay L, A Drebot M, Weiss E, Artsob H. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in Manitoba. Can J Infect Dis 2001; 12:169-73. [PMID: 18159335 PMCID: PMC2094811 DOI: 10.1155/2001/425260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2000] [Accepted: 07/05/2000] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The first confirmed case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in Manitoba was diagnosed in 1999. To define better the risk of exposure to hantaviruses in this area, the clinical features and epidemiological factors pertaining to this case were described, and a serological survey of rodents collected near the patient's residence was undertaken. Small mammals were collected using live traps, were anesthetized via inhalation of isoflurane and were bled. Human and mouse serologies were undertaken using an ELISA to detect hantavirus-specific immunoglobulin G and/or immunoglobulin M antibodies. In addition, a full medical and epidemiological assessment, as well as individual risk factor and exposure analysis, were conducted. A 27-year-old Manitoba woman presented with severe respiratory distress and diffuse bilateral air space disease radiologically. Despite extremely aggressive measures, including mechanical ventilation, antibiotics, fluid management and inotropic support, the patient's condition rapidly deteriorated, and she died 8 h after admission. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome was confirmed by the detection of immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G antibodies to the Sin Nombre virus (SNV) in her sera and by the demonstration of SNV genomic sequences in her lung tissue. Exposure to hantavirus likely occurred in and around the home or in the rural area in which she resided. A total of 252 small mammals, primarily deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus), were collected from 17 different sites at or near where the patient lived. Antibodies to SNV were detected in 28 of 244 (11.5%) deer mice, which were collected within 9 km of the residence of the fatal case, indicating that these rodents are a significant reservoir for SNV in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Robbin Lindsay
- Health Canada, National Microbiology Laboratory, Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, Canadian Science Centre for Human and Animal Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba
| | - Michael A Drebot
- Health Canada, National Microbiology Laboratory, Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, Canadian Science Centre for Human and Animal Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba
| | - Elise Weiss
- Manitoba Health, Marquette, Brandon and South Westman Regional Health Authorities, Brandon, Manitoba
| | - Harvey Artsob
- Health Canada, National Microbiology Laboratory, Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, Canadian Science Centre for Human and Animal Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba
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