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Chen C, Wu Q, Yue J, Wang X, Wang C, Wei R, Li R, Jin G, Chen T, Chen P. A cyclic nucleotide-gated channel gene HcCNGC21 positively regulates salt and drought stress responses in kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.). PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 345:112111. [PMID: 38734143 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels (CNGCs) serve as Ca2+ permeable cation transport pathways, which are involved in the regulation of various biological functions such as plant cell ion selective permeability, growth and development, responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. At the present study, a total of 31 CNGC genes were identified and bioinformatically analyzed in kenaf. Among these genes, HcCNGC21 characterized to localize at the plasma membrane, with the highest expression levels in leaves, followed by roots. In addition, HcCNGC21 could be significantly induced under salt or drought stress. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of HcCNGC21 in kenaf caused notable growth inhibition under salt or drought stress, characterized by reductions in plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, root length, root surface area, and root tip number. Meanwhile, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) were significantly decreased, accompanied by reduced levels of osmoregulatory substances and total chlorophyll content. However, ROS accumulation and Na+ content increased. The expression of stress-responsive genes, such as HcSOD, HcPOD, HcCAT, HcERF3, HcNAC29, HcP5CS, HcLTP, and HcNCED, was significantly downregulated in these silenced lines. However, under salt or drought stress, the physiological performance and expression of stress-related genes in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants overexpressing HcCNGC21 were diametrically opposite to those of TRV2-HcCNGC21 kenaf line. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays revealed that HcCNGC21 interacts with HcAnnexin D1. These findings collectively underscore the positive role of HcCNGC21 in plant resistance to salt and drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canni Chen
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding and Germplasm Innovation, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Qijing Wu
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding and Germplasm Innovation, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jiao Yue
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding and Germplasm Innovation, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xu Wang
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding and Germplasm Innovation, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Caijin Wang
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding and Germplasm Innovation, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Rujian Wei
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding and Germplasm Innovation, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ru Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Gang Jin
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Peng Chen
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding and Germplasm Innovation, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Nanning 530004, China.
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Yang Y, Tan YQ, Wang X, Li JJ, Du BY, Zhu M, Wang P, Wang YF. OPEN STOMATA 1 phosphorylates CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-GATED CHANNELs to trigger Ca2+ signaling for abscisic acid-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:2328-2358. [PMID: 38442317 PMCID: PMC11132897 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Multiple cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGCs) are abscisic acid (ABA)-activated Ca2+ channels in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) guard cells. In particular, CNGC5, CNGC6, CNGC9, and CNGC12 are essential for ABA-specific cytosolic Ca2+ signaling and stomatal movements. However, the mechanisms underlying ABA-mediated regulation of CNGCs and Ca2+ signaling are still unknown. In this study, we identified the Ca2+-independent protein kinase OPEN STOMATA 1 (OST1) as a CNGC activator in Arabidopsis. OST1-targeted phosphorylation sites were identified in CNGC5, CNGC6, CNGC9, and CNGC12. These CNGCs were strongly inhibited by Ser-to-Ala mutations and fully activated by Ser-to-Asp mutations at the OST1-targeted sites. The overexpression of individual inactive CNGCs (iCNGCs) under the UBIQUITIN10 promoter in wild-type Arabidopsis conferred a strong dominant-negative-like ABA-insensitive stomatal closure phenotype. In contrast, expressing active CNGCs (aCNGCs) under their respective native promoters in the cngc5-1 cngc6-2 cngc9-1 cngc12-1 quadruple mutant fully restored ABA-activated cytosolic Ca2+ oscillations and Ca2+ currents in guard cells, and rescued the ABA-insensitive stomatal movement mutant phenotypes. Thus, we uncovered that ABA elicits cytosolic Ca2+ signaling via an OST1-CNGC module, in which OST1 functions as a convergence point of the Ca2+-dependent and -independent pathways in Arabidopsis guard cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan-Qiu Tan
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xinyong Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jia-Jun Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bo-Ya Du
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Meijun Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Institute of Advanced Biotechnology and School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yong-Fei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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Wang X, Song X, Miao H, Feng S, Wu G. Natural variation in CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-GATED ION CHANNEL 4 reveals a novel role of calcium signaling in vegetative phase change in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:1043-1054. [PMID: 38184789 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
The timing of vegetative phase change (VPC) in plants is regulated by a temporal decline in the expression of miR156. Both exogenous cues and endogenous factors, such as temperature, light, sugar, nutrients, and epigenetic regulators, have been shown to affect VPC by altering miR156 expression. However, the genetic basis of natural variation in VPC remains largely unexplored. Here, we conducted a genome-wide association study on the variation of the timing of VPC in Arabidopsis. We identified CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-GATED ION CHANNEL 4 (CNGC4) as a significant locus associated with the diversity of VPC. Mutations in CNGC4 delayed VPC, accompanied by an increased expression level of miR156 and a corresponding decrease in SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING-LIKE (SPL) gene expression. Furthermore, mutations in CNGC2 and CATION EXCHANGER 1/3 (CAX1/3) also led to a delay in VPC. Polymorphisms in the CNGC4 promoter contribute to the natural variation in CNGC4 expression and the diversity of VPC. Specifically, the early CNGC4 variant promotes VPC and enhances plant adaptation to local environments. In summary, our findings offer genetic insights into the natural variation in VPC in Arabidopsis, and reveal a previously unidentified role of calcium signaling in the regulation of VPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xia Song
- The State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huaiqi Miao
- The State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shengjun Feng
- The State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
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Zheng L, Yu Y, Zheng Y, Wang Y, Wu N, Jiang C, Zhao H, Niu D. Long small RNA76113 targets CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-GATED ION CHANNEL 5 to repress disease resistance in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:1889-1905. [PMID: 37949839 PMCID: PMC10904327 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Small RNAs are widely involved in plant immune responses. However, the role of long small RNAs (25 to 40 nt) in monocot plant disease resistance is largely unknown. Here, we identified a long small RNA (lsiR76113) from rice (Oryza sativa) that is downregulated by Magnaporthe oryzae infection and targets a gene encoding CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-GATED CHANNEL 5 (CNGC5). The cngc5 mutant lines were more susceptible to M. oryzae than the wild type, while knocking down lsiR76113 in transgenic rice plants promoted pathogen resistance. A protoplast transient expression assay showed that OsCNGC5 promotes Ca2+ influx. These results demonstrate that OsCNGC5 enhances rice resistance to rice blast by increasing the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. Importantly, exogenous Ca2+ application enhanced rice M. oryzae resistance by affecting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Moreover, cngc5 mutants attenuated the PAMP-triggered immunity response, including chitin-induced and flg22-induced ROS bursts and protein phosphorylation in the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade, indicating that OsCNGC5 is essential for PAMP-induced calcium signaling in rice. Taken together, these results suggest that lsiR76113-mediated regulation of Ca2+ influx is important for PTI responses and disease resistance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyu Zheng
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biological Interactions and Crop Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yiyang Yu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biological Interactions and Crop Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biological Interactions and Crop Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yaxin Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biological Interactions and Crop Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Na Wu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biological Interactions and Crop Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chunhao Jiang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biological Interactions and Crop Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hongwei Zhao
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biological Interactions and Crop Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dongdong Niu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biological Interactions and Crop Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Jing Y, Zhao F, Lai K, Sun F, Sun C, Zou X, Xu M, Fu A, Sharifi R, Chen J, Zheng X, Luan S. Plant elicitor Peptides regulate root hair development in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1336129. [PMID: 38425796 PMCID: PMC10902123 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1336129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Plant Elicitor Peptides (Peps) induce plant immune responses and inhibit root growth through their receptors PEPR1 and PEPR2, two receptor-like kinases. In our study, we found a previously unknown function of Peps that enhance root hair growth in a PEPRs-independent manner. When we characterized the expression patterns of PROPEP genes, we found several gene promoters of PROPEP gene family were particularly active in root hairs. Furthermore, we observed that PROPEP2 is vital for root hair development, as disruption of PROPEP2 gene led to a significant reduction in root hair density and length. We also discovered that PROPEP2 regulates root hair formation via the modulation of CPC and GL2 expression, thereby influencing the cell-fate determination of root hairs. Additionally, calcium signaling appeared to be involved in PROPEP2/Pep2-induced root hair growth. These findings shed light on the function of Peps in root hair development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Jing
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Chinese Education Ministry’s Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fugeng Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke Lai
- Chinese Education Ministry’s Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fei Sun
- Chinese Education Ministry’s Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chenjie Sun
- Chinese Education Ministry’s Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xingyue Zou
- Chinese Education Ministry’s Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Min Xu
- Chinese Education Ministry’s Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Aigen Fu
- Chinese Education Ministry’s Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rouhallah Sharifi
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Jian Chen
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiaojiang Zheng
- Chinese Education Ministry’s Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sheng Luan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
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Mei C, Yan P, Feng B, Mamat A, Wang J. The apple Ca 2+/H + exchanger MdCAX2L-2 functions positively in modulation of Ba 2+ tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108314. [PMID: 38184884 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Calcium is an essential element for plant growth and development, and it plays an important role in the responses of plants to abiotic stress. High concentrations of heavy metal ions in soil significantly affect the yield and quality of crops and pose human health threats when these ions accumulate in edible organs. The Ca2+/H+ exchanger (CAX) family is a class of transporters that mediate the transmembrane transport of both Ca2+ and metal ions, and they are widely involved in regulating plant growth and development and stress responses. Here, we cloned an AtCAX2 ortholog, MdCAX2L-2, from apple. It is constitutively expressed in various apple tissues and significantly induced by Ca2+ and Ba2+ treatments. The MdCAX2L-2 protein is located in the vacuolar membrane in both plant and yeast cells. Overexpression of MdCAX2L-2 enhanced the tolerance of the yeast mutant K667 to high concentrations of Ca2+ and Ba2+. In addition, the role of MdCAX2L-2 in modulating Ba2+ tolerance was identified using MdCAX2L-2-overexpressing transgenic Arabidopsis plants and apple calli. Comparison of growth phenotypes and stress-related physiological indexes under BaCl2 treatment indicated that MdCAX2L-2 could enhance the Ba2+ tolerance of plants by promoting Ba2+ compartmentalization into the vacuoles and eliminating excess ROS. Our results provide insights that will aid future studies examining the function of CAX proteins in regulating stress tolerance in fruit crops, as well as their underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Mei
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Peng Yan
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Beibei Feng
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Aisajan Mamat
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Jixun Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China.
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Wang X, Wu F, Zhang J, Bao Y, Wang N, Dou G, Meng D, Wang X, Li J, Shi Y. Identification of the CNGC Gene Family in Rice and Mining of Alleles for Application in Rice Improvement. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:4089. [PMID: 38140416 PMCID: PMC10747058 DOI: 10.3390/plants12244089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel (CNGC) gene regulation plays important roles in plant immune and abiotic stress response. Here, we identified 16 CNGC genes in rice (Oryza sativa). Then, we analyzed their chromosomal location, physicochemical properties, subcellular localization, gene functional interaction network, cis-acting elements, phylogenetic relationships, collinearity, expression in tissues under normal conditions and abiotic stresses, and geng-cds-haplotype (gcHap) diversity in 3010 gcHaps. As a result, OsCNGC3 (Os06g0527300) was identified as a gene different from previous report, and OsCNGC genes were found to play important roles in rice population differentiation and rice improvement. Our results revealed their very strong differentiation between subspecies and populations, important roles in response to abiotic stresses, as well as strong genetic bottleneck effects and artificial selection of gcHap diversity in the modern breeding process of Xian (indica) and Geng (japonica) populations. The results also suggested that natural variations in most rice CNGC loci are potentially valuable for improving rice productivity and tolerance to abiotic stresses. The favorable alleles at the CNGC loci should be explored to facilitate their application in future rice improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yingyao Shi
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (X.W.); (F.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.B.); (N.W.); (G.D.); (D.M.) (X.W.); (J.L.)
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Tyagi A, Ali S, Park S, Bae H. Deciphering the role of mechanosensitive channels in plant root biology: perception, signaling, and adaptive responses. PLANTA 2023; 258:105. [PMID: 37878056 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04261-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Mechanosensitive channels are integral membrane proteins that rapidly translate extrinsic or intrinsic mechanical tensions into biological responses. They can serve as potential candidates for developing smart-resilient crops with efficient root systems. Mechanosensitive (MS) calcium channels are molecular switches for mechanoperception and signal transduction in all living organisms. Although tremendous progress has been made in understanding mechanoperception and signal transduction in bacteria and animals, this remains largely unknown in plants. However, identification and validation of MS channels such as Mid1-complementing activity channels (MCAs), mechanosensitive-like channels (MSLs), and Piezo channels (PIEZO) has been the most significant discovery in plant mechanobiology, providing novel insights into plant mechanoperception. This review summarizes recent advances in root mechanobiology, focusing on MS channels and their related signaling players, such as calcium ions (Ca2+), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and phytohormones. Despite significant advances in understanding the role of Ca2+ signaling in root biology, little is known about the involvement of MS channel-driven Ca2+ and ROS signaling. Additionally, the hotspots connecting the upstream and downstream signaling of MS channels remain unclear. In light of this, we discuss the present knowledge of MS channels in root biology and their role in root developmental and adaptive traits. We also provide a model highlighting upstream (cell wall sensors) and downstream signaling players, viz., Ca2+, ROS, and hormones, connected with MS channels. Furthermore, we highlighted the importance of emerging signaling molecules, such as nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and neurotransmitters (NTs), and their association with root mechanoperception. Finally, we conclude with future directions and knowledge gaps that warrant further research to decipher the complexity of root mechanosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshika Tyagi
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sajad Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Suvin Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanhong Bae
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.
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Jiang Z, Du L, Shen L, He J, Xia X, Zhang L, Yang X. Genome-Wide Exploration and Expression Analysis of the CNGC Gene Family in Eggplant ( Solanum melongena L.) under Cold Stress, with Functional Characterization of SmCNGC1a. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13049. [PMID: 37685854 PMCID: PMC10487859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is an important economic crop, and to date, there has been no genome-wide identification and analysis of the cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (CNGC) gene family in eggplant. In this study, we identified the CNGC gene family in eggplant, and the results showed that 29 SmCNGC genes were classified into five groups, unevenly distributed across the 12 chromosomes of eggplant. The gene structure and motif analysis indicated that the SmCNGC family proteins may exhibit apparent preferences during evolution. Furthermore, our study revealed the presence of numerous light-responsive elements, hormone-responsive elements, and transcription factor binding sites in the promoter regions of SmCNGC genes, suggesting their significant role in environmental adaptability regulation. Finally, we analyzed the expression patterns of all SmCNGC genes under cold stress and found that SmCNGC1a was significantly upregulated under cold stress. Subcellular localization experiments indicated that this gene is located on the plasma membrane. Subsequently, its importance in the low-temperature response of eggplant was validated through virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS), and its protein interactome was predicted. In summary, our study provides a comprehensive understanding of the function and regulatory mechanisms of the CNGC gene family in eggplant, laying an important foundation for further research on cold adaptation in eggplant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xu Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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10
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The Course of Mechanical Stress: Types, Perception, and Plant Response. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020217. [PMID: 36829495 PMCID: PMC9953051 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical stimuli, together with the corresponding plant perception mechanisms and the finely tuned thigmomorphogenetic response, has been of scientific and practical interest since the mid-17th century. As an emerging field, there are many challenges in the research of mechanical stress. Indeed, studies on different plant species (annual/perennial) and plant organs (stem/root) using different approaches (field, wet lab, and in silico/computational) have delivered insufficient findings that frequently impede the practical application of the acquired knowledge. Accordingly, the current work distils existing mechanical stress knowledge by bringing in side-by-side the research conducted on both stem and roots. First, the various types of mechanical stress encountered by plants are defined. Second, plant perception mechanisms are outlined. Finally, the different strategies employed by the plant stem and roots to counteract the perceived mechanical stresses are summarized, depicting the corresponding morphological, phytohormonal, and molecular characteristics. The comprehensive literature on both perennial (woody) and annual plants was reviewed, considering the potential benefits and drawbacks of the two plant types, which allowed us to highlight current gaps in knowledge as areas of interest for future research.
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11
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Zhang Y, Li Y, Yang J, Yang X, Chen S, Xie Z, Zhang M, Huang Y, Zhang J, Huang X. Genome-Wide Analysis and Expression of Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Ion Channel ( CNGC) Family Genes under Cold Stress in Mango ( Mangifera indica). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:592. [PMID: 36771676 PMCID: PMC9920709 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The 'king of fruits' mango (Mangifera indica) is widely cultivated in tropical areas and has been threatened by frequent extreme cold weather. Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel (CNGC) genes have an important function in the calcium-mediated development and cold response of plants. However, few CNGC-related studies are reported in mango, regardless of the mango cold stress response. In this study, we identified 43 CNGC genes in mango showing tissue-specific expression patterns. Five MiCNGCs display more than 3-fold gene expression induction in the fruit peel and leaf under cold stress. Among these, MiCNGC9 and MiCNGC13 are significantly upregulated below 6 °C, suggesting their candidate functions under cold stress. Furthermore, cell membrane integrity was damaged at 2 °C in the mango leaf, as shown by the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), and eight MiCNGCs are positively correlated with MDA contents. The high correlation between MiCNGCs and MDA implies MiCNGCs might regulate cell membrane integrity by regulating MDA content. Together, these findings provide a valuable guideline for the functional characterization of CNGC genes and will benefit future studies related to cold stress and calcium transport in mango.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yubo Li
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Hainan Climate Center, Haikou 570203, China
| | - Xinli Yang
- Guilinyang Campus, Qiongtai Normal University, Haikou 571127, China
| | - Shengbei Chen
- Hainan Meteorological Service Center, Haikou 570203, China
| | - Zhouli Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | | | - Yanlei Huang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jinghong Zhang
- Hainan Climate Center, Haikou 570203, China
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Hainan Province, Haikou 570203, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Control of Tropical Agricultural Pests, Haikou 571101, China
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12
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Tan YQ, Yang Y, Shen X, Zhu M, Shen J, Zhang W, Hu H, Wang YF. Multiple cyclic nucleotide-gated channels function as ABA-activated Ca2+ channels required for ABA-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:239-259. [PMID: 36069643 PMCID: PMC9806652 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA)-activated inward Ca2+-permeable channels in the plasma membrane (PM) of guard cells are required for the initiation and regulation of ABA-specific cytosolic Ca2+ signaling and stomatal closure in plants. But the identities of the PM Ca2+ channels are still unknown. We hypothesized that the ABA-activated Ca2+ channels consist of multiple CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-GATED CHANNEL (CNGC) proteins from the CNGC family, which is known as a Ca2+-permeable channel family in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). In this research, we observed high expression of multiple CNGC genes in Arabidopsis guard cells, namely CNGC5, CNGC6, CNGC9, and CNGC12. The T-DNA insertional loss-of-function quadruple mutant cngc5-1 cngc6-2 cngc9-1 cngc12-1 (hereafter c5/6/9/12) showed a strong ABA-insensitive phenotype of stomatal closure. Further analysis revealed that ABA-activated Ca2+ channel currents were impaired, and ABA-specific cytosolic Ca2+ oscillation patterns were disrupted in c5/6/9/12 guard cells compared with in wild-type guard cells. All ABA-related phenotypes of the c5/6/9/12 mutant were successfully rescued by the expression of a single gene out of the four CNGCs under the respective native promoter. Thus, our findings reveal a type of ABA-activated PM Ca2+ channel comprising multiple CNGCs, which is essential for ABA-specific Ca2+ signaling of guard cells and ABA-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Qiu Tan
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yang Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xin Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Meijun Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianlin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaption Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaption Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Honghong Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yong-Fei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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13
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Zhang X, Bian A, Li T, Ren L, Li L, Su Y, Zhang Q. ROS and calcium oscillations are required for polarized root hair growth. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2022; 17:2106410. [PMID: 35938584 PMCID: PMC9359386 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2022.2106410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Root hairs are filamentous extensions from epidermis of plant roots with growth limited to the apical dome. Cell expansion undergoes tightly regulated processes, including the coordination between cell wall loosening and cell wall crosslinking, to form the final shape and size. Tip-focused gradients and oscillations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) together with calcium ions (Ca2+) as indispensable regulated mechanisms control rapid and polarized elongation of root hair cells. ROS homeostasis mediated by plasma membrane-localized NADPH oxidases, known as respiratory burst oxidase homologues (RBOHs), and class III cell wall peroxidases (PRXs), modulates cell wall properties during cell expansion. The expression levels of RBOHC, an NADPH oxidase that produces ROS, and class III PRXs are directly upregulated by ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE SIX-LIKE 4 (RSL4), encoding a basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, to modulate root hair elongation. Cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGCs), as central regulators of Ca2+ oscillations, also regulate root hair extension. Here, we review how the gradients and oscillations of Ca2+ and ROS interact to promote the expansion of root hair cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ang Bian
- College of Computer Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Teng Li
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Lifei Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Su
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Qun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China
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14
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Li W, Luo L, Gu L, Li H, Zhang Q, Ye Y, Li L. Vacuolar H + -ATPase subunit VAB3 regulates cell growth and ion homeostasis in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 112:664-676. [PMID: 36069460 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Vacuolar H+ -ATPase (V-ATPase) has diverse functions related to plant development and growth. It creates the turgor pressure that drives cell growth by generating the energy needed for the active transport of solutes across the tonoplast. V-ATPase is a large protein complex made up of multiheteromeric subunits, some of which have unknown functions. In this study, a forward genetics-based strategy was employed to identify the vab3 mutant, which displayed resistance to isoxaben, a cellulose synthase inhibitor that could induce excessive transverse cell expansion. Map-based cloning and genetic complementary assays demonstrated that V-ATPase B subunit 3 (VAB3) is associated with the observed insensitivity of the mutant to isoxaben. Analysis of the vab3 mutant revealed defective ionic homeostasis and hypersensitivity to salt stress. Treatment with a V-ATPase inhibitor exacerbated ionic tolerance and cell elongation defects in the vab3 mutant. Notably, exogenous low-dose Ca2+ or Na+ could partially restore isoxaben resistance of the vab3 mutant, suggesting a relationship between VAB3-regulated cell growth and ion homeostasis. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that the V-ATPase subunit VAB3 is required for cell growth and ion homeostasis in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Laifu Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lili Gu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Haimin Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yajin Ye
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education of China; Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Laigeng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
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15
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Park CJ, Shin R. Calcium channels and transporters: Roles in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:964059. [PMID: 36161014 PMCID: PMC9493244 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.964059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) serves as a ubiquitous second messenger by mediating various signaling pathways and responding to numerous environmental conditions in eukaryotes. Therefore, plant cells have developed complex mechanisms of Ca2+ communication across the membrane, receiving the message from their surroundings and transducing the information into cells and organelles. A wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses cause the increase in [Ca2+]cyt as a result of the Ca2+ influx permitted by membrane-localized Ca2+ permeable cation channels such as CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-GATE CHANNELs (CNGCs), and voltage-dependent HYPERPOLARIZATION-ACTIVATED CALCIUM2+ PERMEABLE CHANNELs (HACCs), as well as GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR-LIKE RECEPTORs (GLRs) and TWO-PORE CHANNELs (TPCs). Recently, resistosomes formed by some NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT RECEPTORs (NLRs) are also proposed as a new type of Ca2+ permeable cation channels. On the contrary, some Ca2+ transporting membrane proteins, mainly Ca2+-ATPase and Ca2+/H+ exchangers, are involved in Ca2+ efflux for removal of the excessive [Ca2+]cyt in order to maintain the Ca2+ homeostasis in cells. The Ca2+ efflux mechanisms mediate the wide ranges of cellular activities responding to external and internal stimuli. In this review, we will summarize and discuss the recent discoveries of various membrane proteins involved in Ca2+ influx and efflux which play an essential role in fine-tuning the processing of information for plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Jin Park
- Department of Bioresources Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ryoung Shin
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
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16
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Lu Z, Yin G, Chai M, Sun L, Wei H, Chen J, Yang Y, Fu X, Li S. Systematic analysis of CNGCs in cotton and the positive role of GhCNGC32 and GhCNGC35 in salt tolerance. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:560. [PMID: 35931984 PMCID: PMC9356423 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08800-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels (CNGCs) are calcium-permeable channels that participate in a variety of biological functions, such as signaling pathways, plant development, and environmental stress and stimulus responses. Nevertheless, there have been few studies on CNGC gene family in cotton. RESULTS In this study, a total of 114 CNGC genes were identified from the genomes of 4 cotton species. These genes clustered into 5 main groups: I, II, III, IVa, and IVb. Gene structure and protein motif analysis showed that CNGCs on the same branch were highly conserved. In addition, collinearity analysis showed that the CNGC gene family had expanded mainly by whole-genome duplication (WGD). Promoter analysis of the GhCNGCs showed that there were a large number of cis-acting elements related to abscisic acid (ABA). Combination of transcriptome data and the results of quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that some GhCNGC genes were induced in response to salt and drought stress and to exogenous ABA. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) experiments showed that the silencing of the GhCNGC32 and GhCNGC35 genes decreased the salt tolerance of cotton plants (TRV:00). Specifically, physiological indexes showed that the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in gene-silenced plants (TRV:GhCNGC32 and TRV:GhCNGC35) increased significantly under salt stress but that the peroxidase (POD) activity decreased. After salt stress, the expression level of ABA-related genes increased significantly, indicating that salt stress can trigger the ABA signal regulatory mechanism. CONCLUSIONS we comprehensively analyzed CNGC genes in four cotton species, and found that GhCNGC32 and GhCNGC35 genes play an important role in cotton salt tolerance. These results laid a foundation for the subsequent study of the involvement of cotton CNGC genes in salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengying Lu
- Handan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Handan, China
| | - Guo Yin
- Handan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Handan, China
| | - Mao Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Anyang, China
| | - Lu Sun
- Handan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Handan, China
| | - Hengling Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Anyang, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Handan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Handan, China
| | - Yufeng Yang
- Handan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Handan, China
| | - Xiaokang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Anyang, China.
| | - Shiyun Li
- Handan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Handan, China.
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17
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Ying S, Scheible W. A novel calmodulin-interacting Domain of Unknown Function 506 protein represses root hair elongation in Arabidopsis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:1796-1812. [PMID: 35312071 PMCID: PMC9314033 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Domain of Unknown Function 506 proteins are ubiquitous in plants. The phosphorus (P) stress-inducible REPRESSOR OF EXCESSIVE ROOT HAIR GROWTH1 (AtRXR1) gene encodes the first characterized DUF506. AtRXR1 inhibits root hair elongation by interacting with RabD2c GTPase. However, functions of other P-responsive DUF506 genes are still missing. Here, we selected two additional P-inducible DUF506 genes for further investigation. The expression of both genes was induced by auxin. Under P-stress, At3g07350 gene expressed ubiquitously in seedlings, whereas At1g62420 (AtRXR3) expression was strongest in roots. AtRXR3 overexpressors and knockouts had shorter and longer root hairs, respectively. A functional AtRXR3-green fluorescent protein fusion localized to root epidermal cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and quantitative reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction revealed that AtRXR3 was transcriptionally activated by RSL4. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation and calmodulin (CaM)-binding assays showed that AtRXR3 interacted with CaM in the presence of Ca2+ . Moreover, cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+ ]cyt ) oscillations in root hairs of rxr3 mutants exhibited elevated frequencies and dampened amplitudes compared to those of wild type. Thus, AtRXR3 is another DUF506 protein that attenuates P-limitation-induced root hair growth through mechanisms that involve RSL4 and interaction with CaM to modulate tip-focused [Ca2+ ]cyt oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Ying
- Noble Research Institute LLCArdmoreOklahomaUSA
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18
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El-Sappah AH, Rather SA, Wani SH, Elrys AS, Bilal M, Huang Q, Dar ZA, Elashtokhy MMA, Soaud N, Koul M, Mir RR, Yan K, Li J, El-Tarabily KA, Abbas M. Heat Stress-Mediated Constraints in Maize ( Zea mays) Production: Challenges and Solutions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:879366. [PMID: 35615131 PMCID: PMC9125997 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.879366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
An increase in temperature and extreme heat stress is responsible for the global reduction in maize yield. Heat stress affects the integrity of the plasma membrane functioning of mitochondria and chloroplast, which further results in the over-accumulation of reactive oxygen species. The activation of a signal cascade subsequently induces the transcription of heat shock proteins. The denaturation and accumulation of misfolded or unfolded proteins generate cell toxicity, leading to death. Therefore, developing maize cultivars with significant heat tolerance is urgently required. Despite the explored molecular mechanism underlying heat stress response in some plant species, the precise genetic engineering of maize is required to develop high heat-tolerant varieties. Several agronomic management practices, such as soil and nutrient management, plantation rate, timing, crop rotation, and irrigation, are beneficial along with the advanced molecular strategies to counter the elevated heat stress experienced by maize. This review summarizes heat stress sensing, induction of signaling cascade, symptoms, heat stress-related genes, the molecular feature of maize response, and approaches used in developing heat-tolerant maize varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H. El-Sappah
- School of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, China
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Refining Sichuan Tea, Yibin, China
| | - Shabir A. Rather
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, China
| | - Shabir Hussain Wani
- Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops Khudwani Anantnag, SKUAST–Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Ahmed S. Elrys
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, China
| | - Qiulan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Refining Sichuan Tea, Yibin, China
- College of Tea Science, Yibin University, Yibin, China
| | - Zahoor Ahmad Dar
- Dryland Agriculture Research Station, SKUAST–Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | | | - Nourhan Soaud
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Monika Koul
- Department of Botany, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Reyazul Rouf Mir
- Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture (FoA), SKUAST–Kashmir, Sopore, India
| | - Kuan Yan
- School of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Refining Sichuan Tea, Yibin, China
| | - Jia Li
- School of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Refining Sichuan Tea, Yibin, China
| | - Khaled A. El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Manzar Abbas
- School of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, China
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Refining Sichuan Tea, Yibin, China
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19
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Duong HN, Cho SH, Wang L, Pham AQ, Davies JM, Stacey G. Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel 6 is involved in extracellular ATP signaling and plant immunity. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:1386-1396. [PMID: 34919778 PMCID: PMC9206762 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular ATP (eATP) is known to act as a danger signal in both plants and animals. In plants, eATP is recognized by the plasma membrane (PM)-localized receptor P2K1 (LecRK-I.9). Among the first measurable responses to eATP addition is a rapid rise in cytoplasmic free calcium levels ([Ca2+ ]cyt ), which requires P2K1. However, the specific transporter/channel proteins that mediate this rise in [Ca2+ ]cyt are unknown. Through a forward genetic screen, we identified an Arabidopsis ethylmethanesulfonate (EMS) mutant impaired in the [Ca2+ ]cyt response to eATP. Positional cloning revealed that the mutation resided in the cngc6 gene, which encodes cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel 6 (CNGC6). Mutation of the CNGC6 gene led to a notable decrease in the PM inward Ca2+ current in response to eATP. eATP-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and gene expression were also significantly lower in cngc6 mutant plants. In addition, cngc6 mutant plants were also more susceptible to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae. Taken together, our results indicate that CNGC6 plays a crucial role in mediating eATP-induced [Ca2+ ]cyt signaling, as well as plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha N. Duong
- Divisions of Plant Sciences and Technology and Biochemistry, National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Sung-Hwan Cho
- Divisions of Plant Sciences and Technology and Biochemistry, National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Limin Wang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK
| | - An Q. Pham
- Divisions of Plant Sciences and Technology and Biochemistry, National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Julia M. Davies
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK
| | - Gary Stacey
- Divisions of Plant Sciences and Technology and Biochemistry, National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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20
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Dynamic Expression, Differential Regulation and Functional Diversity of the CNGC Family Genes in Cotton. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042041. [PMID: 35216157 PMCID: PMC8878070 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGCs) constitute a family of non-selective cation channels that are primarily permeable to Ca2+ and activated by the direct binding of cyclic nucleotides (i.e., cAMP and cGMP) to mediate cellular signaling, both in animals and plants. Until now, our understanding of CNGCs in cotton (Gossypium spp.) remains poorly addressed. In the present study, we have identified 40, 41, 20, 20, and 20 CNGC genes in G. hirsutum, G. barbadense, G. herbaceum, G. arboreum, and G. raimondii, respectively, and demonstrated characteristics of the phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, chromosomal localization, gene duplication, and synteny. Further investigation of CNGC genes in G. hirsutum, named GhCNGC1-40, indicated that they are not only extensively expressed in various tissues and at different developmental stages, but also display diverse expression patterns in response to hormones (abscisic acid, salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, ethylene), abiotic (salt stress) and biotic (Verticillium dahlia infection) stimuli, which conform with a variety of cis-acting regulatory elements residing in the promoter regions; moreover, a set of GhCNGCs are responsive to cAMP signaling during cotton fiber development. Protein–protein interactions supported the functional aspects of GhCNGCs in plant growth, development, and stress responses. Accordingly, the silencing of the homoeologous gene pair GhCNGC1&18 and GhCNGC12&31 impaired plant growth and development; however, GhCNGC1&18-silenced plants enhanced Verticillium wilt resistance and salt tolerance, whereas GhCNGC12&31-silenced plants had opposite effects. Together, these results unveiled the dynamic expression, differential regulation, and functional diversity of the CNGC family genes in cotton. The present work has laid the foundation for further studies and the utilization of CNGCs in cotton genetic improvement.
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Wang W, Gao L, Cui X. A New Year's spotlight on two years of publication. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 3:100274. [PMID: 35059635 PMCID: PMC8760135 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2021.100274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
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22
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Westermann J. Two Is Company, but Four Is a Party-Challenges of Tetraploidization for Cell Wall Dynamics and Efficient Tip-Growth in Pollen. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10112382. [PMID: 34834745 PMCID: PMC8623246 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Some cells grow by an intricately coordinated process called tip-growth, which allows the formation of long tubular structures by a remarkable increase in cell surface-to-volume ratio and cell expansion across vast distances. On a broad evolutionary scale, tip-growth has been extraordinarily successful, as indicated by its recurrent 're-discovery' throughout evolutionary time in all major land plant taxa which allowed for the functional diversification of tip-growing cell types across gametophytic and sporophytic life-phases. All major land plant lineages have experienced (recurrent) polyploidization events and subsequent re-diploidization that may have positively contributed to plant adaptive evolutionary processes. How individual cells respond to genome-doubling on a shorter evolutionary scale has not been addressed as elaborately. Nevertheless, it is clear that when polyploids first form, they face numerous important challenges that must be overcome for lineages to persist. Evidence in the literature suggests that tip-growth is one of those processes. Here, I discuss the literature to present hypotheses about how polyploidization events may challenge efficient tip-growth and strategies which may overcome them: I first review the complex and multi-layered processes by which tip-growing cells maintain their cell wall integrity and steady growth. I will then discuss how they may be affected by the cellular changes that accompany genome-doubling. Finally, I will depict possible mechanisms polyploid plants may evolve to compensate for the effects caused by genome-doubling to regain diploid-like growth, particularly focusing on cell wall dynamics and the subcellular machinery they are controlled by.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Westermann
- Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Universitätsstrasse 2, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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Bourgine B, Guihur A. Heat Shock Signaling in Land Plants: From Plasma Membrane Sensing to the Transcription of Small Heat Shock Proteins. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:710801. [PMID: 34434209 PMCID: PMC8381196 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.710801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress events are major factors limiting crop productivity. During summer days, land plants must anticipate in a timely manner upcoming mild and severe temperature. They respond by accumulating protective heat-shock proteins (HSPs), conferring acquired thermotolerance. All organisms synthetize HSPs; many of which are members of the conserved chaperones families. This review describes recent advances in plant temperature sensing, signaling, and response. We highlight the pathway from heat perception by the plasma membrane through calcium channels, such as cyclic nucleotide-gated channels, to the activation of the heat-shock transcription factors (HSFs). An unclear cellular signal activates HSFs, which act as essential regulators. In particular, the HSFA subfamily can bind heat shock elements in HSP promoters and could mediate the dissociation of bound histones, leading to HSPs transcription. Although plants can modulate their transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome to protect the cellular machinery, HSP chaperones prevent, use, and revert the formation of misfolded proteins, thereby avoiding heat-induced cell death. Remarkably, the HSP20 family is mostly tightly repressed at low temperature, suggesting that a costly mechanism can become detrimental under unnecessary conditions. Here, the role of HSP20s in response to HS and their possible deleterious expression at non-HS temperatures is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony Guihur
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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24
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Root hairs: the villi of plants. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:1133-1146. [PMID: 34013353 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Strikingly, evolution shaped similar tubular structures at the µm to mm scale in roots of sessile plants and in small intestines of mobile mammals to ensure an efficient transfer of essential nutrients from 'dead matter' into biota. These structures, named root hairs (RHs) in plants and villi in mammals, numerously stretch into the environment, and extremely enlarge root and intestine surfaces. They are believed to forage for nutrients, and mediate their uptake. While the conceptional understanding of plant RH function in hydromineral nutrition seems clear, experimental evidence presented in textbooks is restricted to a very limited number of reference-nutrients. Here, we make an element-by-element journey through the periodic table and link individual nutrient availabilities to the development, structure/shape and function of RHs. Based on recent developments in molecular biology and the identification of mutants differing in number, length or other shape-related characteristics of RHs in various plant species, we present comprehensive advances in (i) the physiological role of RHs for the uptake of specific nutrients, (ii) the developmental and morphological responses of RHs to element availability and (iii) RH-localized nutrient transport proteins. Our update identifies crucial roles of RHs for hydromineral nutrition, mostly under nutrient and/or water limiting conditions, and highlights the influence of certain mineral availabilities on early stages of RH development, suggesting that nutritional stimuli, as deficiencies in P, Mn or B, can even dominate over intrinsic developmental programs underlying RH differentiation.
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Jarratt-Barnham E, Wang L, Ning Y, Davies JM. The Complex Story of Plant Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020874. [PMID: 33467208 PMCID: PMC7830781 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGCs) are tetrameric cation channels which may be activated by the cyclic nucleotides (cNMPs) adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP). The genome of Arabidopsis thaliana encodes 20 CNGC subunits associated with aspects of development, stress response and immunity. Recently, it has been demonstrated that CNGC subunits form heterotetrameric complexes which behave differently from the homotetramers produced by their constituent subunits. These findings have widespread implications for future signalling research and may help explain how specificity can be achieved by CNGCs that are known to act in disparate pathways. Regulation of complex formation may involve cyclic nucleotide-gated channel-like proteins.
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Tian W, Wang C, Gao Q, Li L, Luan S. Calcium spikes, waves and oscillations in plant development and biotic interactions. NATURE PLANTS 2020; 6:750-759. [PMID: 32601423 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-020-0667-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The calcium ion (Ca2+) is a universal signal in all eukaryotic cells. A fundamental question is how Ca2+, a simple cation, encodes complex information with high specificity. Extensive research has established a two-step process (encoding and decoding) that governs the specificity of Ca2+ signals. While the encoding mechanism entails a complex array of channels and transporters, the decoding process features a number of Ca2+ sensors and effectors that convert Ca2+ signals into cellular effects. Along this general paradigm, some signalling components may be highly conserved, but others are divergent among different organisms. In plant cells, Ca2+ participates in numerous signalling processes, and here we focus on the latest discoveries on Ca2+-encoding mechanisms in development and biotic interactions. In particular, we use examples such as polarized cell growth of pollen tube and root hair in which tip-focused Ca2+ oscillations specify the signalling events for rapid cell elongation. In plant-microbe interactions, Ca2+ spiking and oscillations hold the key to signalling specificity: while pathogens elicit cytoplasmic spiking, symbiotic microorganisms trigger nuclear Ca2+ oscillations. Herbivore attacks or mechanical wounding can trigger Ca2+ waves traveling a long distance to transmit and convert the local signal to a systemic defence program in the whole plant. What channels and transporters work together to carve out the spatial and temporal patterns of the Ca2+ fluctuations? This question has remained enigmatic for decades until recent studies uncovered Ca2+ channels that orchestrate specific Ca2+ signatures in each of these processes. Future work will further expand the toolkit for Ca2+-encoding mechanisms and place Ca2+ signalling steps into larger signalling networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Tian
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Qifei Gao
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Legong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Sheng Luan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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Zhang X, Mi Y, Mao H, Liu S, Chen L, Qin F. Genetic variation in ZmTIP1 contributes to root hair elongation and drought tolerance in maize. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2020; 18:1271-1283. [PMID: 31692165 PMCID: PMC7152618 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Drought is a major abiotic stress that threatens maize production globally. A previous genome-wide association study identified a significant association between the natural variation of ZmTIP1 and the drought tolerance of maize seedlings. Here, we report on comprehensive genetic and functional analysis, indicating that ZmTIP1, which encodes a functional S-acyltransferase, plays a positive role in regulating the length of root hairs and the level of drought tolerance in maize. We show that enhancing ZmTIP1 expression in transgenic Arabidopsis and maize increased root hair length, as well as plant tolerance to water deficit. In contrast, ZmTIP1 transposon-insertional mutants displayed the opposite phenotype. A calcium-dependent protein kinase, ZmCPK9, was identified as a substrate protein of ZmTIP1, and ZmTIP1-mediated palmitoylation of two cysteine residues facilitated the ZmCPK9 PM association. The results of this research enrich our knowledge about ZmTIP1-mediated protein S-acylation modifications in relation to the regulation of root hair elongation and drought tolerance. Additionally, the identification of a favourable allele of ZmTIP1 also provides a valuable genetic resource or selection target for the genetic improvement of maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular PhysiologyInstitute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and BiochemistryCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yue Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and BiochemistryCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Hude Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityShaanxiChina
| | - Shengxue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and BiochemistryCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Limei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and BiochemistryCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Feng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and BiochemistryCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
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Cui X, Han B. Plant Communications: An Open Access Venue for Communicating Diverse Plant Science Discoveries. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2020; 1:100018. [PMID: 33404543 PMCID: PMC7747980 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2019.100018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bin Han
- Editor-in-Chief, Plant Communications
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