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Nayak BN, Rajagopal K, Shunmugasundaram R, Rao PL, Vaidyanathan S, Subbiah M. Molecular characterization suggests kinetic modulation of expression of accessory viral protein, W, in Newcastle disease virus infected DF1 cells. Virusdisease 2023; 34:236-247. [PMID: 37408548 PMCID: PMC10317930 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-023-00813-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses adopt strategies to efficiently utilize their compact genome. Members of the family Paramyxoviridae, exhibit a cotranscriptional RNA editing mechanism wherein polymerase stuttering generates accessory proteins from Phosphoprotein (P) gene. Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus, expresses two accessory proteins, V and W, by RNA editing. While P and V proteins are well studied, very little is known about W protein. Recent studies confirmed W protein expression in NDV and the unique subcellular localization of W proteins of virulent and avirulent NDV. We characterized the W protein of NDV strain Komarov, a moderately virulent vaccine strain. W mRNA expression ranged between 7 and 9% of total P gene transcripts similar to virulent NDV. However, W protein expression, detectable by 6 h, peaked at 24 h and dropped by 48 h post infection in DF1 cells indicating a kinetically regulated expression by the virus. The W protein localized in the nucleus and by mutations, a strong nuclear localization signal was identified in the C-terminal region of W protein. The viral growth kinetics study suggested neither supplementation of W protein nor subcellular localization pattern of the supplemented W protein influenced viral replication in vitro similar to that noticed in avirulent NDV. A cytoplasmic mutant of W protein localized in cytoplasm unlike specific mitochondrial colocalization as recorded in velogenic NDV strain SG10 indicating a possible role of W protein in determining the viral pathogenicity. This study describes for the first time, the distinct features of W protein of moderately virulent NDV. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13337-023-00813-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Nagaraj Nayak
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, Telangana India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | | | - Madhuri Subbiah
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, Telangana India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
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Shu B, Wang J, Yu X, Li Z, Li J, Jiang W, Hou G, Peng C, Wang S, Yu J, Chen W, Guo X, Liu H. The genetic and biological characterization of the first avian paramyxovirus serotype 14 isolated from chicken in China. Virus Genes 2023:10.1007/s11262-023-01992-2. [PMID: 37184730 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-023-01992-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In October 2020, an avian paramyxovirus serotype 14 (APMV-14)-designated chicken/Fujian/2160/2020 (FJ2160) was isolated from tracheal and cloacal swab sample of chicken collected from live bird market in Fujian province in China during the active surveillance program. The complete genome of FJ2160 comprised 15,444 nucleotides (nt) complying with the paramyxovirus "rule of six" and encoded six non-overlapping structural proteins in the order of 3'-NP-P-M-F-HN-L-'5. The complete genome sequence analysis showed that FJ2160 had the highest identity (90.0%) with the APMV-14 isolated from Japan, while the nucleotide sequence identities of FJ2160 and other APMVs ranged from 42.4 to 51.1%. The F protein cleavage site was TREGR↓L, which resembled a lentogenic strain of APMV-1. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the FJ2160 closest relative was APMV-14. The intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI) tests indicated that the virus was lentogenic. This is the first report of APMV-14 in China. These results provide evidence that APMV-14 could infect chickens and reveal the genetic characteristics and biological properties of the virus, which can help to better understand this new emerging APMV-14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Shu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, 266032, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, 266032, China
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, 266032, China
| | - Zheng Li
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, 266032, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Jinping Li
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, 266032, China
| | - Wenming Jiang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, 266032, China
| | - Guangyu Hou
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, 266032, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, 266032, China
| | - Suchun Wang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, 266032, China
| | - Jianmin Yu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, 266032, China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Xiaoquan Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
| | - Hualei Liu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, 266032, China.
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Klink AC, Rula O, Sushko M, Bezymennyi M, Mezinov O, Gaidash O, Bai X, Stegniy A, Sapachova M, Datsenko R, Skorokhod S, Nedosekov V, Hill NJ, Ninua L, Kovalenko G, Ducluzeau AL, Mezhenskyi A, Buttler J, Drown DM, Causey D, Stegniy B, Gerilovych A, Bortz E, Muzyka D. Discovery of Avian Paramyxoviruses APMV-1 and APMV-6 in Shorebirds and Waterfowl in Southern Ukraine. Viruses 2023; 15:699. [PMID: 36992408 PMCID: PMC10058161 DOI: 10.3390/v15030699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging RNA virus infections are a growing concern among domestic poultry industries due to the severe impact they can have on flock health and economic livelihoods. Avian paramyxoviruses (APMV; avulaviruses, AaV) are pathogenic, negative-sense RNA viruses that cause serious infections in the respiratory and central nervous systems. APMV was detected in multiple avian species during the 2017 wild bird migration season in Ukraine and studied using PCR, virus isolation, and sequencing. Of 4090 wild bird samples collected, mostly from southern Ukraine, eleven isolates were grown in ovo and identified for APMV serotype by hemagglutinin inhibition test as: APMV-1, APMV-4, APMV-6, and APMV-7. To build One Health's capacity to characterize APMV virulence and analyze the potential risks of spillover to immunologically naïve populations, we sequenced virus genomes in veterinary research labs in Ukraine using a nanopore (MinION) platform. RNA was extracted and amplified using a multiplex tiling primer approach to specifically capture full-length APMV-1 (n = 5) and APMV-6 (n = 2) genomes at high read depth. All APMV-1 and APMV-6 fusion (F) proteins possessed a monobasic cleavage site, suggesting these APMVs were likely low virulence, annually circulating strains. Utilization of this low-cost method will identify gaps in viral evolution and circulation in this understudied but important critical region for Eurasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy C. Klink
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA
| | - Oleksandr Rula
- National Scientific Center Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine, 61023 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Mykola Sushko
- State Scientific and Research Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise, 03151 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Maksym Bezymennyi
- Institute for Veterinary Medicine, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences, 03151 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr Mezinov
- The F.E. Falz-Fein Biosphere Reserve “Askania Nova”, Askania-Nova, 75230 Kakhovka Raion, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr Gaidash
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Department of Zoology, H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Danube Biosphere Reserve, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 68355 Vilkove, Ukraine
| | - Xiao Bai
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA
| | - Anton Stegniy
- National Scientific Center Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine, 61023 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Maryna Sapachova
- State Scientific and Research Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise, 03151 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Roman Datsenko
- State Scientific and Research Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise, 03151 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Sergiy Skorokhod
- State Scientific and Research Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise, 03151 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Vitalii Nedosekov
- Department of Epizootology, The National University of Life and Environmental Science of Ukraine, 03041 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Nichola J. Hill
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Levan Ninua
- Institute of Ecology, Ilia State University, Tbilisi 0162, Georgia
| | - Ganna Kovalenko
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA
- Institute for Veterinary Medicine, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences, 03151 Kyiv, Ukraine
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Anne Lise Ducluzeau
- Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
| | - Andriy Mezhenskyi
- State Scientific and Research Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise, 03151 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Jeremy Buttler
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA
- Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
| | - Devin M. Drown
- Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
| | - Douglas Causey
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA
| | - Borys Stegniy
- National Scientific Center Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine, 61023 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Anton Gerilovych
- National Scientific Center Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine, 61023 Kharkiv, Ukraine
- State Scientific and Research Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise, 03151 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Eric Bortz
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA
- Institute for Veterinary Medicine, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences, 03151 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Denys Muzyka
- National Scientific Center Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine, 61023 Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Danube Biosphere Reserve, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 68355 Vilkove, Ukraine
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Yenuganti VR, Afroz S, Khan RA, Bharadwaj C, Nabariya DK, Nayak N, Subbiah M, Chintala K, Banerjee S, Reddanna P, Khan N. Milk exosomes elicit a potent anti-viral activity against dengue virus. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:317. [PMID: 35794557 PMCID: PMC9258094 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01496-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exosomes are nano-sized vesicles secreted by various cells into the intra and extracellular space and hence is an integral part of biological fluids including milk. In the last few decades, many research groups have proved the potential of milk exosomes as a sustainable, economical and non-immunogenic drug delivery and therapeutic agent against different pathological conditions. However, its anti-viral properties still remain to be unearthed. Methods Here, we have been able to isolate, purify and characterize the milk derived exosomes from Cow (CME) and Goat (GME) and further studied its antiviral properties against Dengue virus (DENV), Newcastle Disease Virus strain Komarov (NDV-K) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) using an in-vitro infection system. Results TEM, NTA and DLS analysis validated the appropriate size of the isolated cow and goat milk exosomes (30–150 nm). Real-time PCR and immunoblotting results confirmed the presence of several milk exosomal miRNAs and protein markers. Our findings suggest that GME significantly decreased the infectivity of DENV. In addition, we confirmed that GME significantly reduces DENV replication and reduced the secretion of mature virions. Furthermore, heat inactivation of GME did not show any inhibition on DENV infection, replication, and secretion of mature virions. RNase treatment of GME abrogates the anti-viral properties indicating direct role of exosomes in DENV inhibition. In addition GME inhibited the infectivity of NDV-K, but not HIV-1, suggesting that the GME mediated antiviral activity might be virus specific. Conclusion This study demonstrates the anti-viral properties of milk exosomes and opens new avenues for the development of exosome-based therapies to treat viral diseases. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-022-01496-5.
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Young KT, Stephens JQ, Poulson RL, Stallknecht DE, Dimitrov KM, Butt SL, Stanton JB. Putative Novel Avian Paramyxovirus (AMPV) and Reidentification of APMV-2 and APMV-6 to the Species Level Based on Wild Bird Surveillance (United States, 2016-2018). Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0046622. [PMID: 35612300 PMCID: PMC9195946 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00466-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian paramyxoviruses (APMVs) (subfamily Avulavirinae) have been isolated from over 200 species of wild and domestic birds around the world. The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) currently defines 22 different APMV species, with Avian orthoavulavirus 1 (whose viruses are designated APMV-1) being the most frequently studied due to its economic burden to the poultry industry. Less is known about other APMV species, including limited knowledge on the genetic diversity in wild birds, and there is a paucity of public whole-genome sequences for APMV-2 to -22. The goal of this study was to use MinION sequencing to genetically characterize APMVs isolated from wild bird swab samples collected during 2016 to 2018 in the United States. Multiplexed MinION libraries were prepared using a random strand-switching approach using 37 egg-cultured, influenza-negative, hemagglutination-positive samples. Forty-one APMVs were detected, with 37 APMVs having complete polymerase coding sequences allowing for species identification using ICTV's current Paramyxoviridae phylogenetic methodology. APMV-1, -4, -6, and -8 viruses were classified, one putative novel species (Avian orthoavulavirus 23) was identified from viruses isolated in this study, two putative new APMV species (Avian metaavulavirus 24 and 27) were identified from viruses isolated in this study and from retrospective GenBank sequences, and two putative new APMV species (Avian metaavulavirus 25 and 26) were identified solely from retrospective GenBank sequences. Furthermore, coinfections of APMVs were identified in four samples. The potential limitations of the branch length being the only species identification criterion and the potential benefit of a group pairwise distance analysis are discussed. IMPORTANCE Most species of APMVs are understudied and/or underreported, and many species were incidentally identified from asymptomatic wild birds; however, the disease significance of APMVs in wild birds is not fully determined. The rapid rise in high-throughput sequencing coupled with avian influenza surveillance programs have identified 12 different APMV species in the last decade and have challenged the resolution of classical serological methods to identify new viral species. Currently, ICTV's only criterion for Paramyxoviridae species classification is the requirement of a branch length of >0.03 using a phylogenetic tree constructed from polymerase (L) amino acid sequences. The results from this study identify one new APMV species, propose four additional new APMV species, and highlight that the criterion may have insufficient resolution for APMV species demarcation and that refinement or expansion of this criterion may need to be established for Paramyxoviridae species identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey T. Young
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Jazz Q. Stephens
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Rebecca L. Poulson
- Department of Population Health, Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - David E. Stallknecht
- Department of Population Health, Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Kiril M. Dimitrov
- Department of Virology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Salman L. Butt
- Department of Pathology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - James B. Stanton
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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Yang W, Dai J, Liu J, Guo M, Liu X, Hu S, Gu M, Hu J, Hu Z, Gao R, Liu K, Chen Y, Liu X, Wang X. Intranasal Immunization with a Recombinant Avian Paramyxovirus Serotypes 2 Vector-Based Vaccine Induces Protection against H9N2 Avian Influenza in Chicken. Viruses 2022; 14:v14050918. [PMID: 35632659 PMCID: PMC9144924 DOI: 10.3390/v14050918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Commercial inactivated vaccines against H9N2 avian influenza (AI) have been developed in China since 1990s and show excellent immunogenicity with strong HI antibodies. However, currently approved vaccines cannot meet the clinical demand for a live-vectored vaccine. Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vectored vaccines have shown effective protection in chickens against H9N2 virus. However, preexisting NDV antibodies may affect protective efficacy of the vaccine in the field. Here, we explored avian paramyxovirus serotype 2 (APMV-2) as a vector for developing an H9N2 vaccine via intranasal delivery. APMV-2 belongs to the same genus as NDV, distantly related to NDV in the phylogenetic tree, based on the sequences of Fusion (F) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) gene, and has low cross-reactivity with anti-NDV antisera. We incorporated hemagglutinin (HA) of H9N2 into the junction of P and M gene in the APMV-2 genome by being flanked with the gene start, gene end, and UTR of each gene of APMV-2-T4 to generate seven recombinant APMV-2 viruses rAPMV-2/HAs, rAPMV-2-NPUTR-HA, rAPMV-2-PUTR-HA, rAPMV-2-FUTR-HA, rAPMV-2-HNUTR-HA, rAPMV-2-LUTR-HA, and rAPMV-2-MUTR-HA, expressing HA. The rAPMV-2/HAs displayed similar pathogenicity compared with the parental APMV-2-T4 virus and expressed HA protein in infected CEF cells. The NP-UTR facilitated the expression and secretion of HA protein in cells infected with rAPMV-2-NPUTR-HA. Animal studies demonstrated that immunization with rAPMV-2-NPUTR-HA elicited effective H9N2-specific antibody (6.14 ± 1.2 log2) responses and conferred complete immune protection to prevent viral shedding in the oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs from chickens challenged with H9N2 virus. This study suggests that our recombinant APMV-2 virus is safe and immunogenic and can be a useful tool in the combat of H9N2 outbreaks in chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Yang
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (W.Y.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (M.G.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (M.G.); (J.H.); (R.G.); (Y.C.)
| | - Jing Dai
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (W.Y.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (M.G.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (M.G.); (J.H.); (R.G.); (Y.C.)
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (W.Y.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (M.G.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (M.G.); (J.H.); (R.G.); (Y.C.)
| | - Mengjiao Guo
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (W.Y.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (M.G.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (M.G.); (J.H.); (R.G.); (Y.C.)
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (W.Y.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (M.G.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (M.G.); (J.H.); (R.G.); (Y.C.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (Z.H.); (K.L.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Shunlin Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (W.Y.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (M.G.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (M.G.); (J.H.); (R.G.); (Y.C.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (Z.H.); (K.L.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Min Gu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (W.Y.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (M.G.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (M.G.); (J.H.); (R.G.); (Y.C.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (Z.H.); (K.L.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Jiao Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (W.Y.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (M.G.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (M.G.); (J.H.); (R.G.); (Y.C.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (Z.H.); (K.L.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Zenglei Hu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (Z.H.); (K.L.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Ruyi Gao
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (W.Y.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (M.G.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (M.G.); (J.H.); (R.G.); (Y.C.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (Z.H.); (K.L.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Kaituo Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (Z.H.); (K.L.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (W.Y.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (M.G.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (M.G.); (J.H.); (R.G.); (Y.C.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (Z.H.); (K.L.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (W.Y.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (M.G.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (M.G.); (J.H.); (R.G.); (Y.C.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (Z.H.); (K.L.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaoquan Wang
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (W.Y.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (M.G.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (M.G.); (J.H.); (R.G.); (Y.C.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; (Z.H.); (K.L.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (X.W.)
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Liu YP, Lee F, Cheng MC, Chang CY, Chiou CJ, Tsai HJ. Genetic diversity of avian paramyxoviruses isolated from wild birds and domestic poultry in Taiwan between 2009 and 2020. J Vet Med Sci 2022; 84:378-389. [PMID: 35082196 PMCID: PMC8983294 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.21-0608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian paramyxoviruses (APMVs) belonging to the subfamily Avulavirinae within the family Paramyxoviridae. APMVs consist of twenty-two known species and are
constantly isolated from a wide variety of avian species around the world. In this study, the APMV isolates obtained from wild birds and domestic poultry during 2009–2020 in Taiwan were
genetically characterized by phylogenetic analysis of their complete fusion protein gene or full-length genome. As a result, 57 APMV isolates belonging to seven different species were
obtained during this period and subsequently identified as APMV-1 (n=17), APMV-2 (n=1), APMV-4 (n=25), APMV-6 (n=8), APMV-12 (n=2), APMV-21 (n=2) and APMV-22 (n=2). Sanger sequencing was
performed to provide 22 full-length genome sequences and 35 complete fusion protein gene sequences for the APMV isolates. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the recovered viruses were closely
related to Eurasian strains, except five class I APMV-1 and four APMV-4 isolates were related to North America strains. Our findings provided more evidence for the intercontinental
transmission of APMVs between Eurasia and North America by wild birds. In addition, according to the criteria of the classification system based on complete fusion protein gene sequences,
three novel genotypes within APMV-2, APMV-12, and APMV-22 were identified. Together, this investigation provided a broader perspective on the genetic diversity, evolution, and distribution
of APMVs in multiple avian host species sampled in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fan Lee
- Animal Health Research Institute
| | - Ming-Chu Cheng
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology
| | | | | | - Hsiang-Jung Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University
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Shafaati M, Ghorbani M, Mahmodi M, Ebadi M, Jalalirad R. Molecular evaluation and genetic characterisation of Newcastle disease virus's haemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein isolated from broiler chickens in Iran. Vet Med Sci 2021; 8:219-228. [PMID: 34606181 PMCID: PMC8788978 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Newcastle disease (ND) virus (NDV) is one of the major pathogens in poultry farms that causes severe economic damages to the poultry industry, especially broiler chicken and turkey farms. Despite the endemicity of ND and its many epidemics in the country, the nature of the Iranian strain of the Newcastle virus is still largely unknown. This study aimed to characterise and evaluate NDV isolates obtained from commercial poultry farms in Iran in 2019 through haemagglutinin‐neuraminidase (HN) gene sequencing. Method HN gene of each NDV isolate was amplified and sequenced using specific primers followed by phylogenetic analysis of full length of HN gene open reading frame and amino acid (aa) sequence of HN. Results Phylogenetic analysis of the HN gene showed that the virus is very closely related to genotypes VII and III. Analysis of HN gene nucleotide sequences showed that all isolates encode proteins with a length of 571 aa. Conclusion Results of the present study are useful for a better understanding of molecular epidemiology of indigenous NDV strains and determining important molecular differences between fields and commonly used vaccine strains related to main immunogenic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Shafaati
- Department of cellular & molecular biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Masoud Ghorbani
- Department of Research and Development, Pasteur Institute of Iran, The production and Research Complex, 25 Kilometer Tehran-Kraj Highway, Karaj, Alborz, Iran
| | - Minoo Mahmodi
- Department of cellular & molecular biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mostafa Ebadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Damaghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Semnan, Iran
| | - Reza Jalalirad
- Department of Research and Development, Pasteur Institute of Iran, The production and Research Complex, 25 Kilometer Tehran-Kraj Highway, Karaj, Alborz, Iran
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9
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Mansour SMG, ElBakrey RM, Mohamed FF, Hamouda EE, Abdallah MS, Elbestawy AR, Ismail MM, Abdien HMF, Eid AAM. Avian Paramyxovirus Type 1 in Egypt: Epidemiology, Evolutionary Perspective, and Vaccine Approach. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:647462. [PMID: 34336965 PMCID: PMC8320000 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.647462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian orthoavulavirus 1, formerly known as avian paramyxovirus type-1 (APMV-1), infects more than 250 different species of birds. It causes a broad range of clinical diseases and results in devastating economic impact due to high morbidity and mortality in addition to trade restrictions. The ease of spread has allowed the virus to disseminate worldwide with subjective virulence, which depends on the virus strain and host species. The emergence of new virulent genotypes among global epizootics, including those from Egypt, illustrates the time-to-time genomic alterations that lead to simultaneous evolution of distinct APMV-1 genotypes at different geographic locations across the world. In Egypt, the Newcastle disease was firstly reported in 1947 and continued to occur, despite rigorous prophylactic vaccination, and remained a potential threat to commercial and backyard poultry production. Since 2005, many researchers have investigated the nature of APMV-1 in different outbreaks, as they found several APMV-1 genotypes circulating among various species. The unique intermingling of migratory, free-living, and domesticated birds besides the availability of frequently mobile wild birds in Egypt may facilitate the evolution power of APMV-1 in Egypt. Pigeons and waterfowls are of interest due to their inclusion in Egyptian poultry industry and their ability to spread the infection to other birds either by presence of different genotypes (as in pigeons) or by harboring a clinically silent disease (as in waterfowl). This review details (i) the genetic and pathobiologic features of APMV-1 infections in Egypt, (ii) the epidemiologic and evolutionary events in different avian species, and (iii) the vaccine applications and challenges in Egypt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa M G Mansour
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Reham M ElBakrey
- Department of Avian and Rabbit Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Fakry F Mohamed
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Esraa E Hamouda
- Department of Avian and Rabbit Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mona S Abdallah
- Department of Avian and Rabbit Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R Elbestawy
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhur University, Damanhur, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Ismail
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Hanan M F Abdien
- Department of Avian and Rabbit Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Amal A M Eid
- Department of Avian and Rabbit Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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10
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Ul-Rahman A, Ishaq HM, Raza MA, Shabbir MZ. Zoonotic potential of Newcastle disease virus: Old and novel perspectives related to public health. Rev Med Virol 2021; 32:e2246. [PMID: 33971048 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has a worldwide distribution, causing lethal infection in a wide range of avian species. Affected birds develop respiratory, digestive and neurologic symptoms with profound immunosuppression. Mild systemic Newcastle disease (ND) infection restricted to the respiratory and neurological systems can be observed in humans and other non-avian hosts. Evidence of ND infection and its genome-based detection have been reported in Bovidae (cattle and sheep), Mustelidae (mink), Cercetidae (hamster), Muridae (mice), Leporidae (rabbit), Camelidae (camel), Suidae (pig), Cercophithecidae (monkeys) and Hominidae (humans). Owing to frequent ND outbreaks in poultry workers, individuals engaged in the veterinary field, including poultry production or evisceration and vaccine production units have constantly been at a much higher risk than the general population. A lethal form of infection has been described in immunocompromised humans and non-avian species including mink, pig and cattle demonstrating the capability of NDV to cross species barriers. Therefore, contact with infectious material and/or affected birds can pose a risk of zoonosis and raise public health concerns. The broad and expanding host range of NDV and its maintenance within non-avian species hampers disease control, particularly in disease-endemic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Ul-Rahman
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif Raza
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair Shabbir
- Quality Operations Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
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11
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Jin JH, Wang JJ, Ren YC, Liu S, Li JP, Hou GY, Liu HL, Zhuang QY, Wang SC, Jiang WM, Yu XH, Yu JM, Yuan LP, Peng C, Zhang GZ, Chen JM. A set of RT-PCR assays for detection of all known avian paramyxoviruses and application in surveillance of avian paramyxoviruses in China. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10748. [PMID: 33717667 PMCID: PMC7937338 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Avian paramyxoviruses (APMVs), also termed avian avulaviruses, are of a vast diversity and great significance in poultry. Detection of all known APMVs is challenging, and distribution of APMVs have not been well investigated. Methods A set of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays for detection of all known APMVs were established using degenerate primers targeting the viral polymerase L gene. The assays were preliminarily evaluated using in-vitro transcribed double-stranded RNA controls and 24 known viruses, and then they were employed to detect 4,346 avian samples collected from 11 provinces. Results The assays could detect 20-200 copies of the double-stranded RNA controls, and detected correctly the 24 known viruses. Of the 4,346 avian samples detected using the assays, 72 samples were found positive. Of the 72 positives, 70 were confirmed through sequencing, indicating the assays were specific for APMVs. The 4,346 samples were also detected using a reported RT-PCR assay, and the results showed this RT-PCR assay was less sensitive than the assays reported here. Of the 70 confirmed positives, 40 were class I Newcastle disease virus (NDV or APMV-1) and 27 were class II NDV from poultry including chickens, ducks, geese, and pigeons, and three were APMV-2 from parrots. The surveillance identified APMV-2 in parrots for the first time, and revealed that prevalence of NDVs in live poultry markets was higher than that in poultry farms. The surveillance also suggested that class I NDVs in chickens could be as prevalent as in ducks, and class II NDVs in ducks could be more prevalent than in chickens, and class II NDVs could be more prevalent than class I NDVs in ducks. Altogether, we developed a set of specific and sensitive RT-PCR assays for detection of all known APMVs, and conducted a large-scale surveillance using the assays which shed novel insights into APMV epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hui Jin
- Laboratory for Avian Disease Surveillance (OIE Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease), China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing-Jing Wang
- Laboratory for Avian Disease Surveillance (OIE Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease), China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Ying-Chao Ren
- Department for Animal Health Assessment, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- Laboratory for Avian Disease Surveillance (OIE Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease), China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Jin-Ping Li
- Laboratory for Avian Disease Surveillance (OIE Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease), China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Guang-Yu Hou
- Laboratory for Avian Disease Surveillance (OIE Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease), China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Hua-Lei Liu
- Laboratory for Avian Disease Surveillance (OIE Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease), China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Qing-Ye Zhuang
- Laboratory for Avian Disease Surveillance (OIE Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease), China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Su-Chun Wang
- Laboratory for Avian Disease Surveillance (OIE Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease), China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Wen-Ming Jiang
- Laboratory for Avian Disease Surveillance (OIE Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease), China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Yu
- Laboratory for Avian Disease Surveillance (OIE Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease), China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Jian-Min Yu
- Laboratory for Avian Disease Surveillance (OIE Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease), China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Li-Ping Yuan
- Laboratory for Avian Disease Surveillance (OIE Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease), China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Laboratory for Avian Disease Surveillance (OIE Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease), China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Guo-Zhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-Ming Chen
- Laboratory for Avian Disease Surveillance (OIE Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease), China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
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12
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Genetic and evolutionary characterization of avian paramyxovirus type 4 in China. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2021; 91:104777. [PMID: 33631368 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
As an economically important poultry pathogen, avian paramyxovirus serotype 4 (APMV-4) frequently reported and isolated from domestic and wild birds particularly waterfowls worldwide. However, evolutionary dynamics of APMV-4 based on genomic characteristics is lacking. In this study, APMV-4 strain designated JX-G13 was isolated from oropharyngeal and cloacal swab samples of wild birds in China. Phylogenetic analysis revealed APMV-4 strains were divided into four genetic genotypes and China isolates were mainly clustered into Genotype I. The MCMC tree indicated that APMV-4 diverged about 104 years ago with the evolutionary rate of 1.2927 × 10-3 substitutions/site/year. BSP analysis suggested that the effective population size of APMV-4 exhibited a steady state and decreased slowly after 2013. The F gene of APMV-4 was considered relatively conserved among isolates based on nucleotide diversity analysis. Although the F gene was under purifying selection, two positions (5 and 21) located in 3'-UTR were subject to positive selection. Our study firstly presented the evolutionary assessments on the genetic diversity of circulating APMV-4 from wild birds and domestic poultry.
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13
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Molecular evolution and genetic variations of V and W proteins derived by RNA editing in Avian Paramyxoviruses. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9532. [PMID: 32533018 PMCID: PMC7293227 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66252-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The newly assigned subfamily Avulavirinae in the family Paramyxoviridae includes avian paramyxoviruses (APMVs) isolated from a wide variety of avian species across the globe. Till date, 21 species of APMVs are reported and their complete genome sequences are available in GenBank. The APMV genome comprises of a single stranded, negative sense, non-segmented RNA comprising six transcriptional units (except APMV-6 with seven units) each coding for a structural protein. Additionally, by co-transcriptional RNA editing of phosphoprotein (P) gene, two mRNAs coding for accessory viral proteins, V and W, are generated along with unedited P mRNA. However, in APMV-11, the unedited mRNA codes for V protein while +2 edited mRNA translates to P protein, similar to members of subfamily Rubulavirinae in the same family. Such RNA editing in paramyxoviruses enables maximizing the coding capacity of their smaller genome. The three proteins of P gene: P, V and W, share identical N terminal but varied C terminal sequences that contribute to their unique functions. Here, we analyzed the P gene editing site, V and W sequences of all 21 APMV species known so far (55 viruses) by using bioinformatics and report their genetic variations and molecular evolution. The variations observed in the sequence and hexamer phase positions of the P gene editing sites is likely to influence the levels and relative proportions of P, V and W proteins’ expressions which could explain the differences in the pathogenicity of APMVs. The V protein sequences of APMVs had conserved motifs similar to V proteins of other paramyxoviruses including the seven cysteine residues involved in MDA5 interference, STAT1 degradation and interferon antagonism. Conversely, W protein sequences of APMVs were distinct. High sequence homology was observed in both V and W proteins between strains of the same species than between species except in APMV-3 which was the most divergent APMV species. The estimates of synonymous and non-synonymous substitution rates suggested negative selection pressure on the V and W proteins within species indicating their low evolution rate. The molecular clock analysis revealed higher conservation of V protein sequence compared to W protein indicating the important role played by V protein in viral replication, pathogenesis and immune evasion. However, we speculate the genetic diversity of W proteins could impact the degree of pathogenesis, variable interferon antagonistic activity and the wide host range exhibited by APMV species. Phylogenetically, V proteins of APMVs clustered into three groups similar to the recent classification of APMVs into three new genera while no such pattern could be deciphered in the analysis of W proteins except that strains of same species grouped together. This is the first comprehensive study describing in detail the genetic variations and the molecular evolution of P gene edited, accessory viral proteins of Avian paramyxoviruses.
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14
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Karamendin K, Kydyrmanov A, Kasymbekov Y, Seidalina A, Daulbayeva K, Sayatov M, Fereidouni S. Evolution of Avian orthoavulavirus 16 in wild avifauna of Central Asia. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03099. [PMID: 32042933 PMCID: PMC7002782 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e03099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2014, a novel Avian orthoavulavirus 16 species was described among wild birds in Korea. In 2018, after massive parallel sequencing of archival strains of Avian orthoavulaviruses, isolated in 2006 in Central Kazakhstan, isolates belonging to this serotype were detected. The obtained data allowed to trace the evolution of this serotype in Asia and to reveal its evolutionary relationships with other Avulavirinae subfamily species. It was determined that Avian orthoavulavirus 16 is phylogenetically very close to Avian orthoavulavirus 1 (Newcastle disease virus) in its genomic characteristics. It is known that Avian orthoavulavirus 1 is divided into two phylogenetically distant Classes I and II. Avian orthoavulavirus 16 turned out to be very close to lentogenic Class I, which circulates mainly among wild birds. It was suggested that Avian orthoavulaviruses 1 and 16 may have common evolutionary origin and in ecological terms, both serotypes are circulating among wild birds of the order Anseriformes (ducks and geese), but Avian orthoavulavirus 1 has gradually replaced Avian orthoavulavirus 16 from active circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kobey Karamendin
- Laboratory of Viral Ecology, Institute of Microbiology and Virology, 103 Bogenbay Batyr Str, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Aidyn Kydyrmanov
- Laboratory of Viral Ecology, Institute of Microbiology and Virology, 103 Bogenbay Batyr Str, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Yermukhammet Kasymbekov
- Laboratory of Viral Ecology, Institute of Microbiology and Virology, 103 Bogenbay Batyr Str, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Aigerim Seidalina
- Laboratory of Viral Ecology, Institute of Microbiology and Virology, 103 Bogenbay Batyr Str, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Klara Daulbayeva
- Laboratory of Viral Ecology, Institute of Microbiology and Virology, 103 Bogenbay Batyr Str, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Marat Sayatov
- Laboratory of Viral Ecology, Institute of Microbiology and Virology, 103 Bogenbay Batyr Str, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Sasan Fereidouni
- Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria
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15
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Aziz-Ul-Rahman, Rohaim MA, El Naggar RF, Mustafa G, Chaudhry U, Shabbir MZ. Comparative clinico-pathological assessment of velogenic (sub-genotype VIIi) and mesogenic (sub-genotype VIm) Avian avulavirus 1 in chickens and pigeons. Avian Pathol 2019; 48:610-621. [PMID: 31403322 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2019.1648751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND), caused by virulent Avian avulavirus 1 (AAvV 1), affects a wide range of avian species worldwide. Recently, several AAvVs of diverse genotypes have emerged with varying genomic and residue substitutions, and subsequent clinical impact on susceptible avian species. We assessed the clinico-pathological influence of two different AAvV 1 pathotypes [wild bird originated-velogenic strain (sub-genotype VIIi, MF437287) and feral pigeon originated-mesogenic strain (sub-genotype VIm, KU885949)] in commercial broiler chickens and pigeons. The velogenic strain caused 100% mortality in both avian species while the mesogenic strain caused 0% and 30% mortality in chickens and pigeons, respectively. Both strains showed tissue tropism for multiple tissues including visceral organs; however, minor variances were observed according to host and pathotype. The observed gross and microscopic lesions were typical of AAvV 1 infection. Utilizing oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs, a comparable pattern of viral shedding was observed for both strains from each of the infected individuals of both avian species. The study concludes a varying susceptibility of chickens and pigeons to different wild bird-originated AAvV 1 pathotypes and, therefore, suggests continuous monitoring and surveillance of currently prevailing strains for effective control of the disease worldwide, particularly in disease-endemic countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz-Ul-Rahman
- Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences , Lahore Pakistan.,Quality Operation Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences , Lahore Pakistan
| | - Mohammed A Rohaim
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University , Giza , Egypt.,Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University , Lancaster , UK
| | - Rania F El Naggar
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City , Sadat , Egypt
| | - Ghulam Mustafa
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences , Lahore , Pakistan
| | - Umer Chaudhry
- Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, University of Edinburgh , Roslin, Midlothian , UK
| | - Muhammad Zubair Shabbir
- Quality Operation Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences , Lahore Pakistan
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16
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Liu YP, Kuo ST, Chiou CJ, Terregino C, Tsai HJ. Novel avian metaavulavirus isolated from birds of the family Columbidae in Taiwan. Vet Microbiol 2019; 236:108377. [PMID: 31500723 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Avian paramyxoviruses (APMVs) consist of twenty known species and have been isolated from domestic and wild birds around the world. In 2009, the isolate APMV/dove/Taiwan/AHRI33/2009 was isolated from swabs of red turtle doves (Streptopelia tranquebarica) during active surveillance of avian influenza in resident birds in Taiwan, and it was initially identified as paramyxovirus based on electron microscopy. Hemagglutination inhibition assays indicated antigenic heterogeneity of AHRI33 with the known APMV-1, -2, -3, -4, -6, -8, and -9 species, only showing weak but measurable cross-reactivity with APMV-7. Pathogenicity ICPI test revealed that the virus was avirulent for chickens. The AHRI33 virus genome revealed a typical APMV structure consisting of six genes 3'-NP-P-M-F-HN-L-5', and the length of the genome was 16,914 nucleotides, the third longest among the members of the subfamily Avulavirinae. Estimates of the nucleotide sequence identities of the genome between each prototype of APMVs had shown AHRI33 to be more closely related to APMV-7 than to the others, with a sequence identity of 62.8%. Based on topology of the phylogenetic tree of RdRp genes and the branch length between the nearest node and the tip of the branch, AHRI33 met the criteria for designation as distinct species. Together, the data suggest that the isolate APMV/dove/Taiwan/AHRI33/2009 should be considered as the prototype strain of the new species Avian metaavulavirus 21 in the genus Metaavulavirus in the subfamily Avulavirinae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Pin Liu
- Animal Health Research Institute, 376 Chung-Cheng Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei City, 25158, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ting Kuo
- Animal Health Research Institute, 376 Chung-Cheng Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei City, 25158, Taiwan
| | - Chwei-Jang Chiou
- Animal Health Research Institute, 376 Chung-Cheng Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei City, 25158, Taiwan
| | - Calogero Terregino
- OIE/FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease and Avian Influenza, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università, 10-35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Hsiang-Jung Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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17
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A comparative genomic and evolutionary analysis of circulating strains of Avian avulavirus 1 in Pakistan. Mol Genet Genomics 2019; 294:1289-1309. [PMID: 31147843 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-019-01580-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Newcastle disease, caused by Avian avulavirus 1 (AAvV 1), is endemic to many developing countries around the globe including Pakistan. Frequent epidemics are not uncommon even in vaccinated populations and are largely attributed to the genetic divergence of prevailing isolates and their transmission in the environment. With the strengthening of laboratory capabilities in Pakistan, a number of genetically diverse AAvV 1 strains have recently been isolated and individually characterized in comparison with isolates reported elsewhere in the world. However, there lacks sufficient comparative genomic and phylogenomic analyses of field circulating strains that can elucidate the evolutionary dynamics over a period of time. Herein, we enriched the whole genome sequences of AAvV reported so far (n = 35) from Pakistan and performed comparative genomic, phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses. Based on these analyses, we found only isolates belonging to genotypes VI, VII and XIII of AAvV 1 in a wide range of avian and human hosts. Comparative phylogeny revealed the concurrent circulation of avulaviruses representing different sub-genotypes such as VIg, VIm, VIIa, VIIb, VIIe, VIIf, VIIi, XIIIb and XIIId. We found that the isolates of genotype VII were more closely associated with viruses of genotype XIII than genotype VI. An inter-genotype comparative residue analysis revealed a few substitutions in structurally and functionally important motifs. Putative recombination events were reported for only one of the captive-wild bird (pheasant)-origin isolates. The viruses of genotype VII had a high genetic diversity as compared to isolates from genotypes VI and XIII and, therefore, have more potential to evolve over a period of time. Taken together, the current study provides an insight into the genetic diversity and evolutionary dynamics of AAvV 1 strains circulating in Pakistan. Such findings are expected to facilitate better intervention strategies for the prevention and control of ND in disease-endemic countries across the globe particularly Pakistan.
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18
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A comparative phylogenomic analysis of avian avulavirus 1 isolated from non-avian hosts: conquering new frontiers of zoonotic potential among species. Arch Virol 2019; 164:1771-1780. [PMID: 31076910 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04276-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A number of avian avulavirus 1 (AAvV 1) isolates have been reported from avian and non-avian hosts worldwide with varying clinical consequences. In this regard, robust surveillance coupled with advanced diagnostics, genomic analysis, and disease modelling has provided insight into the molecular epidemiology and evolution of this virus. The genomic and evolutionary characteristics of AAvV 1 isolates originating from avian hosts have been well studied, but those originating from non-avian hosts have not. Here, we report a comparative genomic and evolutionary analysis of so-far reported AAvV 1 isolates originating from hosts other than avian species (humans, mink and swine). Phylogenetic analysis showed that AAvV 1 isolates clustered in five distinct genotypes (I, II, VI, VII and XIII). Further analysis revealed clustering of isolates into clades distant enough to be considered distinct subgenotypes, along with a few substitutions in several significant motifs. Although further investigation is needed, the clustering of AAvV 1 strains isolated from non-avian hosts into novel subgenotypes and the presence of substitutions in important structural and biological motifs suggest that this virus can adapt to novel hosts and therefore could have zoonotic potential.
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19
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Rahman AU, Habib M, Shabbir MZ. Adaptation of Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) in Feral Birds and their Potential Role in Interspecies Transmission. Open Virol J 2018; 12:52-68. [PMID: 30288195 PMCID: PMC6142666 DOI: 10.2174/1874357901812010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Newcastle Disease (ND), caused by Avian avulavirus 1 (AAvV 1, avulaviruses), is a notifiable disease throughout the world due to the economic impact on trading restrictions and its embargoes placed in endemic regions. The feral birds including aquatic/migratory birds and other wild birds may act as natural reservoir hosts of ND Viruses (NDVs) and may play a remarkable role in the spread of the virus in environment. In addition, other 19 avulaviruses namely: AAvV 2 to 20, have been potentially recognized from feral avian species. Expalantion: Many previous studies have investigated the field prevailing NDVs to adapt a wide range of susceptible host. Still the available data is not enough to declare the potential role of feral birds in transmission of the virus to poultry and/or other avian birds. In view of the latest evidence related to incidences of AAvVs in susceptible avian species, it is increasingly important to understand the potential of viruses to transmit within the domestic poultry and other avian hosts. Genomic and phylogenomic analysis of several investigations has shown the same (RK/RQRR↓F) motif cleavage site among NDV isolates with same genotypes from domestic poultry and other wild hosts. So, the insight of this, various semi-captive/free-ranging wild avian species could play a vital role in the dissemination of the virus, which is an important consideration to control the disease outbreaks. Insufficient data on AAvV 1 transmission from wild birds to poultry and vice versa is the main constraint to understand about its molecular biology and genomic potential to cause infection in all susceptible hosts. Conclusion: The current review details the pertinent features of several historical and contemporary aspects of NDVs and the vital role of feral birds in its molecular epidemiology and ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz-Ul- Rahman
- Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Momena Habib
- Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair Shabbir
- Quality Operations Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
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