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Icer MA, Sarikaya B, Kocyigit E, Atabilen B, Çelik MN, Capasso R, Ağagündüz D, Budán F. Contributions of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Produced by Lactic Acid Bacteria on Food Quality and Human Health: Current Applications and Future Prospects. Foods 2024; 13:2437. [PMID: 39123629 PMCID: PMC11311711 DOI: 10.3390/foods13152437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The need to increase food safety and improve human health has led to a worldwide increase in interest in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), produced by lactic acid bacteria (LABs). GABA, produced from glutamic acid in a reaction catalyzed by glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), is a four-carbon, non-protein amino acid that is increasingly used in the food industry to improve the safety/quality of foods. In addition to the possible positive effects of GABA, called a postbiotic, on neuroprotection, improving sleep quality, alleviating depression and relieving pain, the various health benefits of GABA-enriched foods such as antidiabetic, antihypertension, and anti-inflammatory effects are also being investigated. For all these reasons, it is not surprising that efforts to identify LAB strains with a high GABA productivity and to increase GABA production from LABs through genetic engineering to increase GABA yield are accelerating. However, GABA's contributions to food safety/quality and human health have not yet been fully discussed in the literature. Therefore, this current review highlights the synthesis and food applications of GABA produced from LABs, discusses its health benefits such as, for example, alleviating drug withdrawal syndromes and regulating obesity and overeating. Still, other potential food and drug interactions (among others) remain unanswered questions to be elucidated in the future. Hence, this review paves the way toward further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Arif Icer
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Amasya University, Amasya 05100, Turkey;
| | - Buse Sarikaya
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Amasya University, Amasya 05100, Turkey;
| | - Emine Kocyigit
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ordu University, Ordu 52000, Turkey;
| | - Büşra Atabilen
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman 70100, Turkey;
| | - Menşure Nur Çelik
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun 55000, Turkey;
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy;
| | - Duygu Ağagündüz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Emek, Ankara 06490, Turkey;
| | - Ferenc Budán
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
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Jimenez N, Norton T, Diadala G, Bell E, Valenti M, Farland LV, Mahnert N, Herbst-Kralovetz MM. Vaginal and rectal microbiome contribute to genital inflammation in chronic pelvic pain. BMC Med 2024; 22:283. [PMID: 38972981 PMCID: PMC11229265 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03500-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a multifactorial syndrome that can substantially affect a patient's quality of life. Endometriosis is one cause of CPP, and alterations of the immune and microbiome profiles have been observed in patients with endometriosis. The objective of this pilot study was to investigate differences in the vaginal and gastrointestinal microbiomes and cervicovaginal immune microenvironment in patients with CPP and endometriosis diagnosis compared to those with CPP without endometriosis and no CPP. METHODS Vaginal swabs, rectal swabs, and cervicovaginal lavages (CVL) were collected among individuals undergoing gynecologic laparoscopy. Participants were grouped based on patients seeking care for chronic pain and/or pathology results: CPP and endometriosis (CPP-Endo) (n = 35), CPP without endometriosis (n = 23), or patients without CPP or endometriosis (controls) (n = 15). Sensitivity analyses were performed on CPP with endometriosis location, stage, and co-occurring gynecologic conditions (abnormal uterine bleeding, fibroids). 16S rRNA sequencing was performed to profile the microbiome, and a panel of soluble immune mediators was quantified using a multiplex assay. Statistical analysis was conducted with SAS, R, MicrobiomeAnalyst, MetaboAnalyst, and QIIME 2. RESULTS Significant differences were observed between participants with CPP alone, CPP-Endo, and surgical controls for body mass index, ethnicity, diagnosis of ovarian cysts, and diagnosis of fibroids. In rectal microbiome analysis, both CPP alone and CPP-Endo exhibited lower alpha diversity than controls, and both CPP groups revealed enrichment of irritable bowel syndrome-associated bacteria. CPP-Endo exhibited an increased abundance of vaginal Streptococcus anginosus and rectal Ruminococcus. Patients with CPP and endometrioma (s) demonstrated increased vaginal Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, and Prevotella compared to other endometriosis sites. Further, abnormal uterine bleeding was associated with an increased abundance of bacterial vaginosis-associated bacteria. Immunoproteomic profiles were distinctly clustered by CPP alone and CPP-Endo compared to controls. CPP-Endo was enriched in TNF⍺, MDC, and IL-1⍺. CONCLUSIONS Vaginal and rectal microbiomes were observed to differ between patients with CPP alone and CPP with endometriosis, which may be useful in personalized treatment for individuals with CPP and endometriosis from those with other causes of CPP. Further investigation is warranted in patients with additional co-occurring conditions, such as AUB/fibroids, which add additional complexity to these conditions and reveal the enrichment of distinct pathogenic bacteria in both mucosal sites. This study provides foundational microbiome-immunoproteomic knowledge related to chronic pelvic pain, endometriosis, and co-occurring gynecologic conditions that can help improve the treatment of patients seeking care for pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Jimenez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Taylor Norton
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Banner University Medical Center Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Gurbeen Diadala
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Building ABC-1, Lab 331E, 425 N. 5 St, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Emerald Bell
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Building ABC-1, Lab 331E, 425 N. 5 St, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
- University of Arizona College of Nursing, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Michelle Valenti
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Leslie V Farland
- UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine Tucson, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Nichole Mahnert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Banner University Medical Center Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Melissa M Herbst-Kralovetz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Building ABC-1, Lab 331E, 425 N. 5 St, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
- UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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3
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Gawey BJ, Mars RA, Kashyap PC. The role of the gut microbiome in disorders of gut-brain interaction. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 38922780 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction (DGBI) are widely prevalent and commonly encountered in gastroenterology practice. While several peripheral and central mechanisms have been implicated in the pathogenesis of DGBI, a recent body of work suggests an important role for the gut microbiome. In this review, we highlight how gut microbiota and their metabolites affect physiologic changes underlying symptoms in DGBI, with a particular focus on their mechanistic influence on GI transit, visceral sensitivity, intestinal barrier function and secretion, and CNS processing. This review emphasizes the complexity of local and distant effects of microbial metabolites on physiological function, influenced by factors such as metabolite concentration, duration of metabolite exposure, receptor location, host genetics, and underlying disease state. Large-scale in vitro work has elucidated interactions between host receptors and the microbial metabolome but there is a need for future research to integrate such preclinical findings with clinical studies. The development of novel, targeted therapeutic strategies for DGBI hinges on a deeper understanding of these metabolite-host interactions, offering exciting possibilities for the future of treatment of DGBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent J Gawey
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ruben A Mars
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Purna C Kashyap
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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4
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Wu M, Song G, Li J, Song Z, Zhao B, Liang L, Li W, Hu H, Tu H, Li S, Li P, Zhang B, Wang W, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Zheng W, Wang J, Wen Y, Wang K, Li A, Zhou T, Zhang Y, Li H. Innervation of nociceptor neurons in the spleen promotes germinal center responses and humoral immunity. Cell 2024; 187:2935-2951.e19. [PMID: 38772371 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Peripheral sensory neurons widely innervate various tissues to continuously monitor and respond to environmental stimuli. Whether peripheral sensory neurons innervate the spleen and modulate splenic immune response remains poorly defined. Here, we demonstrate that nociceptive sensory nerve fibers extensively innervate the spleen along blood vessels and reach B cell zones. The spleen-innervating nociceptors predominantly originate from left T8-T13 dorsal root ganglia (DRGs), promoting the splenic germinal center (GC) response and humoral immunity. Nociceptors can be activated by antigen-induced accumulation of splenic prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and then release calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), which further promotes the splenic GC response at the early stage. Mechanistically, CGRP directly acts on B cells through its receptor CALCRL-RAMP1 via the cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling pathway. Activating nociceptors by ingesting capsaicin enhances the splenic GC response and anti-influenza immunity. Collectively, our study establishes a specific DRG-spleen sensory neural connection that promotes humoral immunity, suggesting a promising approach for improving host defense by targeting the nociceptive nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Guangping Song
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China; School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianing Li
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Zengqing Song
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Liyun Liang
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China; School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenlong Li
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Huaibin Hu
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Haiqing Tu
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Sen Li
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Peiyao Li
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China; School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Biyu Zhang
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanpeng Zhang
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Weifan Zheng
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Jiarong Wang
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqi Wen
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Ailing Li
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China.
| | - Yucheng Zhang
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China.
| | - Huiyan Li
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China.
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Bourqqia-Ramzi M, Mansilla-Guardiola J, Muñoz-Rodriguez D, Quarta E, Lombardo-Hernandez J, Murciano-Cespedosa A, Conejero-Meca FJ, Mateos González Á, Geuna S, Garcia-Esteban MT, Herrera-Rincon C. From the Microbiome to the Electrome: Implications for the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6233. [PMID: 38892419 PMCID: PMC11172653 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays a fundamental role in metabolism, as well as the immune and nervous systems. Microbial imbalance (dysbiosis) can contribute to subsequent physical and mental pathologies. As such, interest has been growing in the microbiota-gut-brain brain axis and the bioelectrical communication that could exist between bacterial and nervous cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the bioelectrical profile (electrome) of two bacterial species characteristic of the gut microbiome: a Proteobacteria Gram-negative bacillus Escherichia coli (E. coli), and a Firmicutes Gram-positive coccus Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). We analyzed both bacterial strains to (i) validate the fluorescent probe bis-(1,3-dibutylbarbituric acid) trimethine oxonol, DiBAC4(3), as a reliable reporter of the changes in membrane potential (Vmem) for both bacteria; (ii) assess the evolution of the bioelectric profile throughout the growth of both strains; (iii) investigate the effects of two neural-type stimuli on Vmem changes: the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate (Glu) and the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA); (iv) examine the impact of the bioelectrical changes induced by neurotransmitters on bacterial growth, viability, and cultivability using absorbance, live/dead fluorescent probes, and viable counts, respectively. Our findings reveal distinct bioelectrical profiles characteristic of each bacterial species and growth phase. Importantly, neural-type stimuli induce Vmem changes without affecting bacterial growth, viability, or cultivability, suggesting a specific bioelectrical response in bacterial cells to neurotransmitter cues. These results contribute to understanding the bacterial response to external stimuli, with potential implications for modulating bacterial bioelectricity as a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwane Bourqqia-Ramzi
- Modeling, Data Analysis &Computational Tools for Biology Research Group, Biomathematics Unit, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology & Evolution, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.B.-R.); (J.M.-G.)
- Department of Neurosciences “Rita Levi Montalcini”, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Jesús Mansilla-Guardiola
- Modeling, Data Analysis &Computational Tools for Biology Research Group, Biomathematics Unit, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology & Evolution, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.B.-R.); (J.M.-G.)
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Genetic, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Muñoz-Rodriguez
- Modeling, Data Analysis &Computational Tools for Biology Research Group, Biomathematics Unit, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology & Evolution, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.B.-R.); (J.M.-G.)
| | - Elisa Quarta
- Modeling, Data Analysis &Computational Tools for Biology Research Group, Biomathematics Unit, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology & Evolution, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.B.-R.); (J.M.-G.)
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center “Guido Tarone”, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Juan Lombardo-Hernandez
- Modeling, Data Analysis &Computational Tools for Biology Research Group, Biomathematics Unit, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology & Evolution, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.B.-R.); (J.M.-G.)
| | - Antonio Murciano-Cespedosa
- Modeling, Data Analysis &Computational Tools for Biology Research Group, Biomathematics Unit, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology & Evolution, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.B.-R.); (J.M.-G.)
- Neuro-Computing and Neuro-Robotics Research Group, Neural Plasticity Research Group Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco José Conejero-Meca
- Modeling, Data Analysis &Computational Tools for Biology Research Group, Biomathematics Unit, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology & Evolution, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.B.-R.); (J.M.-G.)
| | - Álvaro Mateos González
- Modeling, Data Analysis &Computational Tools for Biology Research Group, Biomathematics Unit, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology & Evolution, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.B.-R.); (J.M.-G.)
- University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Stefano Geuna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Cavalieri Ottolenghi Neuroscience Institute, University of Turin, Ospedale San Luigi, 10043 Turin, Italy
| | - María Teresa Garcia-Esteban
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Genetic, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Celia Herrera-Rincon
- Modeling, Data Analysis &Computational Tools for Biology Research Group, Biomathematics Unit, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology & Evolution, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.B.-R.); (J.M.-G.)
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Gervason S, Meleine M, Lolignier S, Meynier M, Daugey V, Birer A, Aissouni Y, Berthon JY, Ardid D, Filaire E, Carvalho FA. Antihyperalgesic properties of gut microbiota: Parabacteroides distasonis as a new probiotic strategy to alleviate chronic abdominal pain. Pain 2024; 165:e39-e54. [PMID: 37756665 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The potential role of gut microbiota in pain modulation is arousing an emerging interest since recent years. This study investigated neuromodulatory properties of gut microbiota to identify next-generation probiotics to propose alternative therapies for visceral pain management. Neuromodulation ability of 10 bacterial strains isolated from a healthy donor was assessed both on ND7/23 immortalized cell line and primary neuronal cells from rat dorsal root ganglia. This screening highlighted the neuroinhibitory property of Parabacteroides distasonis (F1-2) strain, supported both by its intracellular content and membrane fraction, which was further investigated in visceral pain mouse models. Oral administration of F1-2 resulted in a significant decrease of colonic hypersensitivity (CHS) in dextran sulfate sodium (0.5%) model associated with low-grade inflammation and a significant decrease of CHS in Citrobacter rodentium postinfectious models. No effect of F1-2 oral administration on CHS was observed in a neonatal maternal separation stress model. Antihyperalgesic effect unlikely involved modulation of inflammatory processes or restoration of intestinal barrier. Exploration of direct dialogue mechanisms between this strain and nervous system, assessed by calcium imaging experiments, revealed that F1-2 interacts directly with nociceptors by reducing activation level on capsaicin, inflammatory soup, and bradykinin stimulations. Our study provides new insights about bacteria-host interaction and places P distasonis as a potential therapeutic strategy in the treatment of visceral pain observed in leaky gut-associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandie Gervason
- NeuroDol, UMR 1107 INSERM, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mathieu Meleine
- NeuroDol, UMR 1107 INSERM, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Stéphane Lolignier
- NeuroDol, UMR 1107 INSERM, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Maëva Meynier
- NeuroDol, UMR 1107 INSERM, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- M2iSH, UMR 1071 INSERM, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Valentine Daugey
- NeuroDol, UMR 1107 INSERM, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Aurélien Birer
- M2iSH, UMR 1071 INSERM, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Centre National de Référence de la Résisitance aux Antibiotiques, Service de Bactériologie, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Youssef Aissouni
- NeuroDol, UMR 1107 INSERM, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Denis Ardid
- NeuroDol, UMR 1107 INSERM, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Edith Filaire
- ECREIN Team, Human Nutrition Unit (UNH), UMR 1019 INRAE-UCA, University of Clermont-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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7
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Bekdas M, Saygi B, Kilinc YB, Kilinc E. Plasma levels of neurogenic inflammation related neuropeptides in pediatric patients with community-acquired pneumonia and their potential diagnostic value in distinguishing viral and bacterial pneumonia. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:1619-1627. [PMID: 38183438 PMCID: PMC11001734 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05417-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Neurogenic inflammation is involved in the development and progression of respiratory inflammatory diseases. However, its role in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains unclear. We therefore aimed to investigate plasma levels of neurogenic inflammation-related neuropeptides, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY), and procalcitonin (PCT) in pediatric patients with CAP and to assess their diagnostic value in viral and bacterial/mixed pneumonia. A total of 124 pediatric patients with CAP (1 month-18 years old) and 56 healthy children of similar ages were prospectively enrolled. The patients were classified as viral (n = 99) and bacterial/mixed (n = 25) pneumonia. Plasma levels of the peptides were quantified by ELISA. ROC analysis was performed to evaluate possible diagnostic value of the peptides. While plasma levels of CGRP, VIP and PCT were significantly higher in patients with CAP than in the control group, respectively, NPY levels were significantly lower. Moreover, plasma levels of all neuropeptides and PCT were significantly higher in bacterial pneumonia patients compared to viral pneumonia patients. ROC analysis revealed that CGRP, SP and NPY had a diagnostic value in distinguishing viral and bacterial/mixed pneumonia. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that these neuropeptides may be implicated in pediatric CAP. CGRP, SP and NPY together may be a promising candidate in distinguishing viral and bacterial/mixed pneumonia, however, for this, further studies are needed. WHAT IS KNOWN • Neurogenic inflammation contributes to the development and progression of respiratory inflammatory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchial asthma. WHAT IS NEW • Plasma levels of neurogenic inflammation related neuropeptides calcitonin gene-related peptide, substance P, vasoactive intestinal peptide and neuropeptide Y are changed in pediatric community-acquired pneumonia. Calcitonin gene-related peptide, substance P and neuropeptide Y are promising candidates in distinguishing viral and bacterial/mixed pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervan Bekdas
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Bilgi Saygi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | | | - Erkan Kilinc
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey.
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8
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Kulalert W, Wells AC, Link VM, Lim AI, Bouladoux N, Nagai M, Harrison OJ, Kamenyeva O, Kabat J, Enamorado M, Chiu IM, Belkaid Y. The neuroimmune CGRP-RAMP1 axis tunes cutaneous adaptive immunity to the microbiota. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2322574121. [PMID: 38451947 PMCID: PMC10945812 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2322574121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The somatosensory nervous system surveils external stimuli at barrier tissues, regulating innate immune cells under infection and inflammation. The roles of sensory neurons in controlling the adaptive immune system, and more specifically immunity to the microbiota, however, remain elusive. Here, we identified a mechanism for direct neuroimmune communication between commensal-specific T lymphocytes and somatosensory neurons mediated by the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the skin. Intravital imaging revealed that commensal-specific T cells are in close proximity to cutaneous nerve fibers in vivo. Correspondingly, we observed upregulation of the receptor for the neuropeptide CGRP, RAMP1, in CD8+ T lymphocytes induced by skin commensal colonization. The neuroimmune CGRP-RAMP1 signaling axis functions in commensal-specific T cells to constrain Type 17 responses and moderate the activation status of microbiota-reactive lymphocytes at homeostasis. As such, modulation of neuroimmune CGRP-RAMP1 signaling in commensal-specific T cells shapes the overall activation status of the skin epithelium, thereby impacting the outcome of responses to insults such as wounding. The ability of somatosensory neurons to control adaptive immunity to the microbiota via the CGRP-RAMP1 axis underscores the various layers of regulation and multisystem coordination required for optimal microbiota-reactive T cell functions under steady state and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warakorn Kulalert
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Alexandria C. Wells
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Verena M. Link
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Ai Ing Lim
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Nicolas Bouladoux
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Microbiome Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Motoyoshi Nagai
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Oliver J. Harrison
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Olena Kamenyeva
- Biological Imaging Section, Research Technology Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Juraj Kabat
- Biological Imaging Section, Research Technology Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Michel Enamorado
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
- Kimberly and Eric J. Waldman Department of Dermatology, Mark Lebwohl Center for Neuroinflammation and Sensation, Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY10029
| | - Isaac M. Chiu
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - Yasmine Belkaid
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Microbiome Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
- Unite Metaorganisme, Immunology Department, Pasteur Institute, 75015 Paris, France
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9
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Vigorito M, Chang SL. Alcohol use and the pain system. ADVANCES IN DRUG AND ALCOHOL RESEARCH 2024; 4:12005. [PMID: 38389900 PMCID: PMC10880763 DOI: 10.3389/adar.2024.12005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The World Health Organization's epidemiological data from 2016 revealed that while 57% of the global population aged 15 years or older had abstained from drinking alcohol in the previous year, more than half of the population in the Americas, Europe, and Western Pacific consumed alcohol. The spectrum of alcohol use behavior is broad: low-risk use (sensible and in moderation), at-risk use (e.g., binge drinking), harmful use (misuse) and dependence (alcoholism; addiction; alcohol use disorder). The at-risk use and misuse of alcohol is associated with the transition to dependence, as well as many damaging health outcomes and preventable causes of premature death. Recent conceptualizations of alcohol dependence posit that the subjective experience of pain may be a significant contributing factor in the transition across the spectrum of alcohol use behavior. This narrative review summarizes the effects of alcohol at all levels of the pain system. The pain system includes nociceptors as sensory indicators of potentially dangerous stimuli and tissue damage (nociception), spinal circuits mediating defensive reflexes, and most importantly, the supraspinal circuits mediating nocifensive behaviors and the perception of pain. Although the functional importance of pain is to protect from injury and further or future damage, chronic pain may emerge despite the recovery from, and absence of, biological damage (i.e., in the absence of nociception). Like other biological perceptual systems, pain is a construction contingent on sensory information and a history of individual experiences (i.e., learning and memory). Neuroadaptations and brain plasticity underlying learning and memory and other basic physiological functions can also result in pathological conditions such as chronic pain and addiction. Moreover, the negative affective/emotional aspect of pain perception provides embodied and motivational components that may play a substantial role in the transition from alcohol use to dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Vigorito
- Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ, United States
| | - Sulie L Chang
- Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ, United States
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10
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Bourlotos G, Baigent W, Hong M, Plagakis S, Grundy L. BCG induced lower urinary tract symptoms during treatment for NMIBC-Mechanisms and management strategies. Front Neurosci 2024; 17:1327053. [PMID: 38260019 PMCID: PMC10800852 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1327053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) accounts for ~70-75% of total bladder cancer tumors and requires effective early intervention to avert progression. The cornerstone of high-risk NMIBC treatment involves trans-urethral resection of the tumor followed by intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunotherapy. However, BCG therapy is commonly accompanied by significant lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) including urinary urgency, urinary frequency, dysuria, and pelvic pain which can undermine treatment adherence and clinical outcomes. Despite this burden, the mechanisms underlying the development of BCG-induced LUTS have yet to be characterized. This review provides a unique perspective on the mechanisms thought to be responsible for the development of BCG-induced LUTS by focussing on the sensory nerves responsible for bladder sensory transduction. This review focuses on how the physiological response to BCG, including inflammation, urothelial permeability, and direct interactions between BCG and sensory nerves could drive bladder afferent sensitization leading to the development of LUTS. Additionally, this review provides an up-to-date summary of the latest clinical data exploring interventions to relieve BCG-induced LUTS, including therapeutic targeting of bladder contractions, inflammation, increased bladder permeability, and direct inhibition of bladder sensory signaling. Addressing the clinical burden of BCG-induced LUTS holds significant potential to enhance patient quality of life, treatment compliance, and overall outcomes in NMIBC management. However, the lack of knowledge on the pathophysiological mechanisms that drive BCG-induced LUTS has limited the development of novel and efficacious therapeutic options. Further research is urgently required to unravel the mechanisms that drive BCG-induced LUTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Bourlotos
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - William Baigent
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Matthew Hong
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
- Urology Unit, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Sophie Plagakis
- Urology Unit, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Luke Grundy
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
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11
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Kulalert W, Wells AC, Link VM, Lim AI, Bouladoux N, Nagai M, Harrison OJ, Kamenyeva O, Kabat J, Enamorado M, Chiu IM, Belkaid Y. The neuroimmune CGRP-RAMP1 axis tunes cutaneous adaptive immunity to the microbiota. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.26.573358. [PMID: 38234748 PMCID: PMC10793430 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.26.573358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The somatosensory nervous system surveils external stimuli at barrier tissues, regulating innate immune cells under infection and inflammation. The roles of sensory neurons in controlling the adaptive immune system, and more specifically immunity to the microbiota, however, remain elusive. Here, we identified a novel mechanism for direct neuroimmune communication between commensal-specific T lymphocytes and somatosensory neurons mediated by the neuropeptide Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) in the skin. Intravital imaging revealed that commensal-specific T cells are in close proximity to cutaneous nerve fibers in vivo . Correspondingly, we observed upregulation of the receptor for the neuropeptide CGRP, RAMP1, in CD8 + T lymphocytes induced by skin commensal colonization. Neuroimmune CGRP-RAMP1 signaling axis functions in commensal-specific T cells to constrain Type 17 responses and moderate the activation status of microbiota-reactive lymphocytes at homeostasis. As such, modulation of neuroimmune CGRP-RAMP1 signaling in commensal-specific T cells shapes the overall activation status of the skin epithelium, thereby impacting the outcome of responses to insults such as wounding. The ability of somatosensory neurons to control adaptive immunity to the microbiota via the CGRP-RAMP1 axis underscores the various layers of regulation and multisystem coordination required for optimal microbiota-reactive T cell functions under steady state and pathology. Significance statement Multisystem coordination at barrier surfaces is critical for optimal tissue functions and integrity, in response to microbial and environmental cues. In this study, we identified a novel neuroimmune crosstalk mechanism between the sensory nervous system and the adaptive immune response to the microbiota, mediated by the neuropeptide CGRP and its receptor RAMP1 on skin microbiota-induced T lymphocytes. The neuroimmune CGPR-RAMP1 axis constrains adaptive immunity to the microbiota and overall limits the activation status of the skin epithelium, impacting tissue responses to wounding. Our study opens the door to a new avenue to modulate adaptive immunity to the microbiota utilizing neuromodulators, allowing for a more integrative and tailored approach to harnessing microbiota-induced T cells to promote barrier tissue protection and repair.
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12
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da Silva MDV, Piva M, Martelossi-Cebinelli G, Stinglin Rosa Ribas M, Hoffmann Salles Bianchini B, K Heintz O, Casagrande R, Verri WA. Stem cells and pain. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:1035-1062. [PMID: 38179216 PMCID: PMC10762525 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i12.1035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain can be defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience caused by either actual or potential tissue damage or even resemble that unpleasant experience. For years, science has sought to find treatment alternatives, with minimal side effects, to relieve pain. However, the currently available pharmacological options on the market show significant adverse events. Therefore, the search for a safer and highly efficient analgesic treatment has become a priority. Stem cells (SCs) are non-specialized cells with a high capacity for replication, self-renewal, and a wide range of differentiation possibilities. In this review, we provide evidence that the immune and neuromodulatory properties of SCs can be a valuable tool in the search for ideal treatment strategies for different types of pain. With the advantage of multiple administration routes and dosages, therapies based on SCs for pain relief have demonstrated meaningful results with few downsides. Nonetheless, there are still more questions than answers when it comes to the mechanisms and pathways of pain targeted by SCs. Thus, this is an evolving field that merits further investigation towards the development of SC-based analgesic therapies, and this review will approach all of these aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Deroco Veloso da Silva
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maiara Piva
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Geovana Martelossi-Cebinelli
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mariana Stinglin Rosa Ribas
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Hoffmann Salles Bianchini
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Olivia K Heintz
- Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, United States
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Science, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86038-440, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu A Verri
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil.
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13
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Manjarres Z, Calvo M, Pacheco R. Regulation of Pain Perception by Microbiota in Parkinson Disease. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 76:7-36. [PMID: 37863655 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.122.000674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain perception involves current stimulation in peripheral nociceptive nerves and the subsequent stimulation of postsynaptic excitatory neurons in the spinal cord. Importantly, in chronic pain, the neural activity of both peripheral nociceptors and postsynaptic neurons in the central nervous system is influenced by several inflammatory mediators produced by the immune system. Growing evidence has indicated that the commensal microbiota plays an active role in regulating pain perception by either acting directly on nociceptors or indirectly through the modulation of the inflammatory activity on immune cells. This symbiotic relationship is mediated by soluble bacterial mediators or intrinsic structural components of bacteria that act on eukaryotic cells, including neurons, microglia, astrocytes, macrophages, T cells, enterochromaffin cells, and enteric glial cells. The molecular mechanisms involve bacterial molecules that act directly on neurons, affecting their excitability, or indirectly on non-neuronal cells, inducing changes in the production of proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory mediators. Importantly, Parkinson disease, a neurodegenerative and inflammatory disorder that affects mainly the dopaminergic neurons implicated in the control of voluntary movements, involves not only a motor decline but also nonmotor symptomatology, including chronic pain. Of note, several recent studies have shown that Parkinson disease involves a dysbiosis in the composition of the gut microbiota. In this review, we first summarize, integrate, and classify the molecular mechanisms implicated in the microbiota-mediated regulation of chronic pain. Second, we analyze the changes on the commensal microbiota associated to Parkinson disease and propose how these changes affect the development of chronic pain in this pathology. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The microbiota regulates chronic pain through the action of bacterial signals into two main locations: the peripheral nociceptors and the postsynaptic excitatory neurons in the spinal cord. The dysbiosis associated to Parkinson disease reveals increased representation of commensals that potentially exacerbate chronic pain and reduced levels of bacteria with beneficial effects on pain. This review encourages further research to better understand the signals involved in bacteria-bacteria and bacteria-host communication to get the clues for the development of probiotics with therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulmary Manjarres
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile (Z.M., R.P.); Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (Z.M., M.C.) and División de Anestesiología, Escuela de Medicina (M.C.), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain, Santiago, Chile (Z.M., M.C.); and Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile (R.P.)
| | - Margarita Calvo
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile (Z.M., R.P.); Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (Z.M., M.C.) and División de Anestesiología, Escuela de Medicina (M.C.), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain, Santiago, Chile (Z.M., M.C.); and Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile (R.P.)
| | - Rodrigo Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile (Z.M., R.P.); Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (Z.M., M.C.) and División de Anestesiología, Escuela de Medicina (M.C.), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain, Santiago, Chile (Z.M., M.C.); and Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile (R.P.)
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14
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Fyntanidou B, Amaniti A, Soulioti E, Zagalioti SC, Gkarmiri S, Chorti A, Loukipoudi L, Ioannidis A, Dalakakis I, Menni AE, Shrewsbury AD, Kotzampassi K. Probiotics in Postoperative Pain Management. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1645. [PMID: 38138872 PMCID: PMC10745134 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13121645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Postoperative pain is the unpleasant sensory and emotional experience after surgery, its origin being both the inflammatory reaction induced by the surgical trauma on the abdominal wall and the splanchnic pain induced by the activation of nociceptors of the viscera, which are highly sensitive to distension, ischemia, and inflammation. Nowadays, it is well recognized that there is a close relationship between the gut microbiome and pain perception, and that microbiome is highly affected by both anesthesia and surgical manipulation. Thus, efforts to restore the disturbed microbiome via supplementation with beneficial bacteria, namely probiotics, seem to be effective. In this article, the knowledge gained mainly from experimental research on this topic is analyzed, the concluding message being that each probiotic strain works in its own way towards pain relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Fyntanidou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (B.F.); (S.-C.Z.); (S.G.)
| | - Aikaterini Amaniti
- Department of Anesthesia & Intensive Care, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.A.); (L.L.); (I.D.)
| | - Eleftheria Soulioti
- Second Department of Anesthesiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece;
| | - Sofia-Chrysovalantou Zagalioti
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (B.F.); (S.-C.Z.); (S.G.)
| | - Sofia Gkarmiri
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (B.F.); (S.-C.Z.); (S.G.)
| | - Angeliki Chorti
- Department of Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.C.); (A.I.); (A.-E.M.); (A.D.S.)
| | - Lamprini Loukipoudi
- Department of Anesthesia & Intensive Care, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.A.); (L.L.); (I.D.)
| | - Aris Ioannidis
- Department of Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.C.); (A.I.); (A.-E.M.); (A.D.S.)
| | - Ioannis Dalakakis
- Department of Anesthesia & Intensive Care, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.A.); (L.L.); (I.D.)
| | - Alexandra-Eleftheria Menni
- Department of Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.C.); (A.I.); (A.-E.M.); (A.D.S.)
| | - Anne D. Shrewsbury
- Department of Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.C.); (A.I.); (A.-E.M.); (A.D.S.)
| | - Katerina Kotzampassi
- Department of Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.C.); (A.I.); (A.-E.M.); (A.D.S.)
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15
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Yang D, Almanzar N, Chiu IM. The role of cellular and molecular neuroimmune crosstalk in gut immunity. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:1259-1269. [PMID: 37336989 PMCID: PMC10616093 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01054-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is densely innervated by the peripheral nervous system and populated by the immune system. These two systems critically coordinate the sensations of and adaptations to dietary, microbial, and damaging stimuli from the external and internal microenvironment during tissue homeostasis and inflammation. The brain receives and integrates ascending sensory signals from the gut and transduces descending signals back to the gut via autonomic neurons. Neurons regulate intestinal immune responses through the action of local axon reflexes or through neuronal circuits via the gut-brain axis. This neuroimmune crosstalk is critical for gut homeostatic maintenance and disease resolution. In this review, we discuss the roles of distinct types of gut-innervating neurons in the modulation of intestinal mucosal immunity. We will focus on the molecular mechanisms governing how different immune cells respond to neural signals in host defense and inflammation. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of strategies targeting neuroimmune crosstalk for intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daping Yang
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Nicole Almanzar
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Isaac M Chiu
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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16
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Menon N, Kishen A. Nociceptor-Macrophage Interactions in Apical Periodontitis: How Biomolecules Link Inflammation with Pain. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1193. [PMID: 37627258 PMCID: PMC10452348 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Periradicular tissues have a rich supply of peripheral afferent neurons, also known as nociceptive neurons, originating from the trigeminal nerve. While their primary function is to relay pain signals to the brain, these are known to be involved in modulating innate and adaptive immunity by initiating neurogenic inflammation (NI). Studies have investigated neuroanatomy and measured the levels of biomolecules such as cytokines and neuropeptides in human saliva, gingival crevicular fluid, or blood/serum samples in apical periodontitis (AP) to validate the possible role of trigeminal nociceptors in inflammation and tissue regeneration. However, the contributions of nociceptors and the mechanisms involved in the neuro-immune interactions in AP are not fully understood. This narrative review addresses the complex biomolecular interactions of trigeminal nociceptors with macrophages, the effector cells of the innate immune system, in the clinical manifestations of AP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anil Kishen
- Dental Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada;
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17
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Feuillet V, Ugolini S, Reynders A. Differential regulation of cutaneous immunity by sensory neuron subsets. Trends Neurosci 2023:S0166-2236(23)00128-5. [PMID: 37277277 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The nervous and immune systems have classically been studied as separate entities, but there is now mounting evidence for bidirectional communication between them in various organs, including the skin. The skin is an epithelial tissue with important sensory and immune functions. The skin is highly innervated with specialized subclasses of primary sensory neurons (PSNs) that can be in contact with skin-resident innate and adaptive immune cells. Neuroimmune crosstalk in the skin, through interactions of PSNs with the immune system, has been shown to regulate host cutaneous defense, inflammation, and tissue repair. Here, we review current knowledge about the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in this crosstalk, as depicted via mouse model studies. We highlight the ways in which different immune challenges engage specialized subsets of PSNs to produce mediators acting on immune cell subsets and modulating their function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Feuillet
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Sophie Ugolini
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France.
| | - Ana Reynders
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, IBDM, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, Marseille, France
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18
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Odling-Smee L. Chronic pain can be treated - so why are millions still suffering? Nature 2023; 615:782-786. [PMID: 36977921 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-00869-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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19
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McMahan ZH, Kulkarni S, Chen J, Chen JZ, Xavier RJ, Pasricha PJ, Khanna D. Systemic sclerosis gastrointestinal dysmotility: risk factors, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2023; 19:166-181. [PMID: 36747090 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-022-00900-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nearly all patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) are negatively affected by dysfunction in the gastrointestinal tract, and the severity of gastrointestinal disease in SSc correlates with high mortality. The clinical complications of this dysfunction are heterogeneous and include gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, gastroparesis, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, intestinal pseudo-obstruction, malabsorption and the requirement for total parenteral nutrition. The abnormal gastrointestinal physiology that promotes the clinical manifestations of SSc gastrointestinal disease throughout the gastrointestinal tract are diverse and present a range of therapeutic targets. Furthermore, the armamentarium of medications and non-pharmacological interventions that can benefit affected patients has substantially expanded in the past 10 years, and research is increasingly focused in this area. Here, we review the details of the gastrointestinal complications in SSc, tie physiological abnormalities to clinical manifestations, detail the roles of standard and novel therapies and lay a foundation for future investigative work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Subhash Kulkarni
- Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joan Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jiande Z Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ramnik J Xavier
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - P Jay Pasricha
- Division of Gastroenterology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Dinesh Khanna
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. .,University of Michigan Scleroderma Program, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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20
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Tuck CJ, Abu Omar A, De Palma G, Osman S, Jiménez-Vargas NN, Yu Y, Bennet SM, Lopez-Lopez C, Jaramillo-Polanco JO, Baker CC, Bennett AS, Guzman-Rodriguez M, Tsang Q, Alward T, Rolland S, Morissette C, Verdu EF, Bercik P, Vanner SJ, Lomax AE, Reed DE. Changes in signalling from faecal neuroactive metabolites following dietary modulation of IBS pain. Gut 2022; 72:gutjnl-2022-327260. [PMID: 36591617 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-327260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dietary therapies for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have received increasing interest but predicting which patients will benefit remains a challenge due to a lack of mechanistic insight. We recently found evidence of a role for the microbiota in dietary modulation of pain signalling in a humanised mouse model of IBS. This randomised cross-over study aimed to test the hypothesis that pain relief following reduced consumption of fermentable carbohydrates is the result of changes in luminal neuroactive metabolites. DESIGN IBS (Rome IV) participants underwent four trial periods: two non-intervention periods, followed by a diet low (LFD) and high in fermentable carbohydrates for 3 weeks each. At the end of each period, participants completed questionnaires and provided stool. The effects of faecal supernatants (FS) collected before (IBS FS) and after a LFD (LFD FS) on nociceptive afferent neurons were assessed in mice using patch-clamp and ex vivo colonic afferent nerve recording techniques. RESULTS Total IBS symptom severity score and abdominal pain were reduced by the LFD (N=25; p<0.01). Excitability of neurons was increased in response to IBS FS, but this effect was reduced (p<0.01) with LFD FS from pain-responders. IBS FS from pain-responders increased mechanosensitivity of nociceptive afferent nerve axons (p<0.001), an effect lost following LFD FS administration (p=NS) or when IBS FS was administered in the presence of antagonists of histamine receptors or protease inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS In a subset of IBS patients with improvement in abdominal pain following a LFD, there is a decrease in pronociceptive signalling from FS, suggesting that changes in luminal mediators may contribute to symptom response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline J Tuck
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amal Abu Omar
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Giada De Palma
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Samira Osman
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Yang Yu
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sean Mp Bennet
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cintya Lopez-Lopez
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Corey C Baker
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aidan Sw Bennett
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Quentin Tsang
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Taylor Alward
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sebastien Rolland
- Department of Medicine, Hopital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Celine Morissette
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elena F Verdu
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Premysl Bercik
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen J Vanner
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alan E Lomax
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - David E Reed
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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21
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Aguilera-Lizarraga J. Gut reactions: emerging mechanisms of abdominal pain from food intake. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2022; 323:G401-G409. [PMID: 36126222 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00173.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Abdominal pain, which is a form of visceral pain, is a highly prevalent symptom worldwide frequently occurring following food ingestion. Its pathophysiology is complex, and many factors, including intestinal environmental cues, the immune system, or the molecular composition of foods, can influence the development of postprandial abdominal pain. Because of the poor efficacy of drug treatments, current strategies are often limited to the exclusion of culprit food(s) from the diet. However, there are two important limitations to this approach. First, patients suffering from food-induced abdominal pain usually recognize several food items as the cause of their gastrointestinal symptoms. Second, not all offending foods can always be identified by these patients. Newly identified mechanisms involving neuroimmune interactions and their communication with the intestinal microbiota shed light on the development of new therapeutic strategies. In this Mini-Review, these novel mechanisms and relevance of such findings are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Aguilera-Lizarraga
- Laboratory for Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, Translational Research Centre for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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22
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Staurengo-Ferrari L, Deng L, Chiu IM. Interactions between nociceptor sensory neurons and microbial pathogens in pain. Pain 2022; 163:S57-S68. [PMID: 36252233 PMCID: PMC9586460 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Staurengo-Ferrari
- Harvard Medical School, Blavatnik Institute, Department of Immunology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Liwen Deng
- Harvard Medical School, Blavatnik Institute, Department of Immunology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Isaac M. Chiu
- Harvard Medical School, Blavatnik Institute, Department of Immunology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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23
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Yang D, Jacobson A, Meerschaert KA, Sifakis JJ, Wu M, Chen X, Yang T, Zhou Y, Anekal PV, Rucker RA, Sharma D, Sontheimer-Phelps A, Wu GS, Deng L, Anderson MD, Choi S, Neel D, Lee N, Kasper DL, Jabri B, Huh JR, Johansson M, Thiagarajah JR, Riesenfeld SJ, Chiu IM. Nociceptor neurons direct goblet cells via a CGRP-RAMP1 axis to drive mucus production and gut barrier protection. Cell 2022; 185:4190-4205.e25. [PMID: 36243004 PMCID: PMC9617795 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Neuroepithelial crosstalk is critical for gut physiology. However, the mechanisms by which sensory neurons communicate with epithelial cells to mediate gut barrier protection at homeostasis and during inflammation are not well understood. Here, we find that Nav1.8+CGRP+ nociceptor neurons are juxtaposed with and signal to intestinal goblet cells to drive mucus secretion and gut protection. Nociceptor ablation led to decreased mucus thickness and dysbiosis, while chemogenetic nociceptor activation or capsaicin treatment induced mucus growth. Mouse and human goblet cells expressed Ramp1, receptor for the neuropeptide CGRP. Nociceptors signal via the CGRP-Ramp1 pathway to induce rapid goblet cell emptying and mucus secretion. Notably, commensal microbes activated nociceptors to control homeostatic CGRP release. In the absence of nociceptors or epithelial Ramp1, mice showed increased epithelial stress and susceptibility to colitis. Conversely, CGRP administration protected nociceptor-ablated mice against colitis. Our findings demonstrate a neuron-goblet cell axis that orchestrates gut mucosal barrier protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daping Yang
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Amanda Jacobson
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | | | - Meng Wu
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tiandi Yang
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Youlian Zhou
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Rachel A Rucker
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Deepika Sharma
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | | | - Glendon S Wu
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Liwen Deng
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael D Anderson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Samantha Choi
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dylan Neel
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nicole Lee
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dennis L Kasper
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bana Jabri
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Pathology and Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jun R Huh
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Malin Johansson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden
| | - Jay R Thiagarajah
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Samantha J Riesenfeld
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Isaac M Chiu
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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24
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Caputi V, Bastiaanssen TFS, Peterson V, Sajjad J, Murphy A, Stanton C, McNamara B, Shorten GD, Cryan JF, O'Mahony SM. Sex, pain, and the microbiome: The relationship between baseline gut microbiota composition, gender and somatic pain in healthy individuals. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 104:191-204. [PMID: 35688340 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Relative to men, women present with pain conditions more commonly. Although consistent differences exist between men and women in terms of physiological pain sensitivity, the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood and yet could inform the development of effective sex specific treatments for pain. The gut microbiota can modulate nervous system functioning, including pain signaling pathways. We hypothesized that the gut microbiota and critical components of the gut-brain axis might influence electrical pain thresholds. Further, we hypothesized that sex, menstrual cycle, and hormonal contraceptive use might account for inter-sex differences in pain perception. METHODS Healthy, non-obese males (N = 15) and females (N = 16), (nine of whom were using hormonal contraceptives), were recruited. Male subjects were invited to undergo testing once, whereas females were invited three times across the menstrual cycle, based on self-reported early follicular (EF), late follicular (LF), or mid-luteal (ML) phase. On test days, electrical stimulation on the right ankle was performed; salivary cortisol levels were measured in the morning; levels of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), soluble CD14 (sCD14), pro-inflammatory cytokines were assessed in plasma, and microbiota composition and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) levels were determined in fecal samples. RESULTS We observed that the pain tolerance threshold/pain sensation threshold (PTT/PST) ratio was significantly lesser in women than men, but not PST or PTT alone. Further, hormonal contraceptive use was associated with increased LBP levels (LF & ML phase), whilst sCD14 levels or inflammatory cytokines were not affected. Interestingly, in women, hormonal contraceptive use was associated with an increase in the relative abundance of Erysipelatoclostridium, and the relative abundances of certain bacterial genera correlated positively with pain sensation thresholds (Prevotella and Megasphera) during the LF phase and cortisol awakening response (Anaerofustis) during the ML phase. In comparison with men, women displayed overall stronger associations between i) SCFAs data, ii) cortisol data, iii) inflammatory cytokines and PTT and PST. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Our findings support the hypothesis that the gut microbiota may be one of the factors determining the physiological inter-sex differences in pain perception. Further research is needed to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which specific sex hormones and gut microbes modulate pain signaling pathways, but this study highlights the possibilities for innovative individual targeted therapies for pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Caputi
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Thomaz F S Bastiaanssen
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Jahangir Sajjad
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Amy Murphy
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Brian McNamara
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Cork University Hospital, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - George D Shorten
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Siobhain M O'Mahony
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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25
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Shute A, Bihan DG, Lewis IA, Nasser Y. Metabolomics: The Key to Unraveling the Role of the Microbiome in Visceral Pain Neurotransmission. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:917197. [PMID: 35812241 PMCID: PMC9260117 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.917197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprising Crohn's disease and Ulcerative colitis, is a relapsing and remitting disease of the gastrointestinal tract, presenting with chronic inflammation, ulceration, gastrointestinal bleeding, and abdominal pain. Up to 80% of patients suffering from IBD experience acute pain, which dissipates when the underlying inflammation and tissue damage resolves. However, despite achieving endoscopic remission with no signs of ongoing intestinal inflammation or damage, 30-50% of IBD patients in remission experience chronic abdominal pain, suggesting altered sensory neuronal processing in this disorder. Furthermore, effective treatment for chronic pain is limited such that 5-25% of IBD outpatients are treated with narcotics, with associated morbidity and mortality. IBD patients commonly present with substantial alterations to the microbial community structure within the gastrointestinal tract, known as dysbiosis. The same is also true in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a chronic disorder characterized by altered bowel habits and abdominal pain, in the absence of inflammation. An emerging body of literature suggests that the gut microbiome plays an important role in visceral hypersensitivity. Specific microbial metabolites have an intimate relationship with host receptors that are highly expressed on host cell and neurons, suggesting that microbial metabolites play a key role in visceral hypersensitivity. In this review, we will discuss the techniques used to analysis the metabolome, current potential metabolite targets for visceral hypersensitivity, and discuss the current literature that evaluates the role of the post-inflammatory microbiota and metabolites in visceral hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Shute
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Dominique G. Bihan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ian A. Lewis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Yasmin Nasser
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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26
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Rippon MG, Westgate S, Rogers AA. Implications of endotoxins in wound healing: a narrative review. J Wound Care 2022; 31:380-392. [PMID: 35579309 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2022.31.5.380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial toxins are thought to play a role in delayed wound healing in critically colonised and infected wounds. Endotoxins are released from Gram-negative bacteria when they are lysed by host phagocytic cells during an immune response, or by antimicrobial agents, potentially leading to a detrimental effect on the host tissues. Endotoxins can affect all aspects of the wound healing process, leading to delayed healing and contributing to wound chronicity. Release of endotoxins by bacteria can also have serious systemic effects (for example, septic shock) that can lead to high levels of patient mortality. This review summarises the role and implications on wound healing of bacterial endotoxins, describing the impact of endotoxins on the various phases of the wound healing response. There is a paucity of in vivo/clinical evidence linking endotoxins attributed to a wound (via antibiotic treatment) or their release from infecting bacteria with parameters of delayed wound healing. Future work should investigate if this link is apparent and determine the mechanism(s) by which such detrimental effects occur, offering an opportunity to identify possible treatment pathways. This paper describes the phenomenon of antimicrobial-induced endotoxin release and summarises the use of wound dressings to reduce wound bioburden without inducing microbial death and subsequent release of endotoxins, thus limiting their detrimental effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark G Rippon
- University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, UK
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27
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Chen SQ, Chen XY, Cui YZ, Yan BX, Zhou Y, Wang ZY, Xu F, Huang YZ, Zheng YX, Man XY. Cutaneous nerve fibers participate in the progression of psoriasis by linking epidermal keratinocytes and immunocytes. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:267. [PMID: 35488965 PMCID: PMC11072315 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04299-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have illustrated that psoriatic lesions are innervated by dense sensory nerve fibers. Psoriatic plaques appeared to improve after central or peripheral nerve injury. Therefore, the nervous system may play a vital role in psoriasis. We aimed to clarify the expression of nerve fibers in psoriasis and their relationship with immune cells and keratinocytes, and to explore the effect of skin nerve impairment. Our results illustrated that nerve fibers in psoriatic lesions increased and were closely innervated around immune cells and keratinocytes. RNA-seq analysis showed that peripheral sensory nerve-related genes were disrupted in psoriasis. In spinal cord hemi-section mice, sensory impairment improved psoriasiform dermatitis and inhibited the abnormal proliferation of keratinocytes. Botulinum toxin A alleviated psoriasiform dermatitis by inhibiting the secretion of calcitonin gene-related peptide. Collectively, cutaneous nerve fibers participate in the progression of psoriasis by linking epidermal keratinocytes and immunocytes. Neurological intervention may be a new treatment strategy for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Qi Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Yan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Zhe Cui
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing-Xi Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhao-Yuan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fan Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Zhou Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Xin Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Man
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China.
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28
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Green PG, Alvarez P, Levine JD. Probiotics attenuate alcohol-induced muscle mechanical hyperalgesia: Preliminary observations. Mol Pain 2022; 18:17448069221075345. [PMID: 35189754 PMCID: PMC8874179 DOI: 10.1177/17448069221075345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a major health problem that causes millions of deaths annually world-wide. AUD is considered to be a chronic pain disorder, that is exacerbated by alcohol withdrawal, contributing to a high (∼80%) relapse rate. Chronic alcohol consumption has a marked impact on the gut microbiome, recognized to have a significant effect on chronic pain. We tested the hypothesis that modulating gut microbiota through feeding rats with probiotics can attenuate alcohol-induced muscle mechanical hyperalgesia. To test this hypothesis, rats were fed alcohol (6.5%, 4 days on 3 days off) for 3 weeks, which induced skeletal muscle mechanical hyperalgesia. Following alcohol feeding, at which time nociceptive thresholds were ∼37% below pre-alcohol levels, rats received probiotics in their drinking water, either Lactobacillus Rhamnosus GG (Culturelle) or De Simone Formulation (a mixture of 8 bacterial species) for 8 days; control rats received plain water to drink. When muscle mechanical nociceptive threshold was evaluated 1 day after beginning probiotic feeding, nociceptive thresholds were significantly higher than rats not receiving probiotics. Mechanical nociceptive thresholds continued to increase during probiotic feeding, with thresholds approaching pre-alcohol levels 5 days after starting probiotics; nociceptive threshold in rats not receiving probiotics remained low. After probiotics were removed from the drinking water, nociceptive thresholds gradually decreased in these two groups, although they remained higher than the group not treated with probiotic (21 days after ending alcohol feeding). These observations suggest that modification of gut microbiota through probiotic feeding has a marked effect on chronic alcohol-induced muscle mechanical hyperalgesia. Our results suggest that administration of probiotics to individuals with AUD may reduce pain associated with alcohol consumption and withdrawal, and may be a novel therapeutic intervention to reduce the high rate of relapse seen in individuals with AUD attempting to abstain from alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul G Green
- Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 8785University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Departments of Preventative and Restorative Dental Sciences, 8785University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Division of Neuroscience, 8785University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Pedro Alvarez
- Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 8785University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Division of Neuroscience, 8785University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jon D Levine
- Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 8785University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Division of Neuroscience, 8785University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Departments of Medicine, 8785University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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29
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Brenner D, Shorten GD, O'Mahony SM. Postoperative pain and the gut microbiome. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN 2021; 10:100070. [PMID: 34409198 PMCID: PMC8361255 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Poorly controlled postoperative pain remains a major unresolved challenge globally. The gut microbiome impacts on inflammatory pain and neuropathic pain. Microbiota metabolites can regulate peripheral and central sensitisation. Stress is linked to both postoperative pain and an altered gut microbiome.
In excess of 300 million surgical procedures are undertaken worldwide each year. Despite recognition of the prevalence of postoperative pain, and improvements in pain management techniques, poorly controlled postoperative pain remains a major unresolved challenge globally. An estimated 71% and 51% of patients experience moderate to severe pain after surgery in in-patient and outpatient settings, respectively. Inadequately controlled pain after surgery is associated with significant perioperative morbidity including myocardial infarction and pulmonary complications. As many as 20–56% of patients develop chronic pain after commonly performed procedures such as hernia repair, hysterectomy, and thoracotomy. Traditional analgesics and interventions are often ineffective or partially effective in the treatment of postoperative pain, resulting in a chronic pain condition with related socio-economic impacts and reduced quality of life for the patient. Such chronic pain which occurs after surgery is referred to as Persistent Post-Surgical Pain (PPSP). The complex ecosystem that is the gastrointestinal microbiota (including bacteria, fungi, viruses, phage) plays essential roles in the maintenance of the healthy state of the host. A disruption to the balance of this microbiome has been implicated not only in gastrointestinal disease but also neurological disorders including chronic pain. The influence of the gut microbiome is well documented in the context of visceral pain from the gastrointestinal tract while a greater understanding is emerging of the impact on inflammatory pain and neuropathic pain (both of which can occur during the perioperative period). The gut microbiome is an essential source for driving immune maturation and maintaining appropriate immune response. Given that inflammatory processes have been implicated in postoperative pain, aberrant microbiome profiles may play a role in the development of this type of pain. Furthermore, the microorganisms in our gut produce metabolites, neurotransmitters, and neuromodulators which interact with their receptors to regulate peripheral and central sensitisation associated with chronic pain. Microbiota-derived mediators can also regulate neuroinflammation, which is associated with activation of microglia as well as infiltration by immune cells, known to modulate the development and maintenance of central sensitisation. Moreover, risk factors for developing postoperative pain include anxiety, depression, and increased stress response. These central nervous system-related disorders have been associated with an altered gut microbiome and microbiome targeted intervention studies indicate improvements. Females are more likely to suffer from postoperative pain. As gonadal hormones are associated with a differential microbiome and pre-clinical studies show that male microbiome confers protection from inflammatory pain, it is possible that the composition of the microbiome and its by-products contribute to the increased risk for the development of postoperative pain. Very little evidence exists relating the microbiome to somatic pain. Here we discuss the potential role of the gut microbiome in the aetiology and pathophysiology of postoperative pain in the context of other somatic pain syndromes and what is known about microbe-neuron interactions. Investigations are needed to determine the specific role of the gut microbiome in this type of pain which may help inform the development of preventative interventions as well as management strategies to improve patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Brenner
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Cork University Hospital and University College Cork, Ireland
| | - George D Shorten
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Cork University Hospital and University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Siobhain M O'Mahony
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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30
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De Ridder D, Adhia D, Vanneste S. The anatomy of pain and suffering in the brain and its clinical implications. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 130:125-146. [PMID: 34411559 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. Chronic pain, with a prevalence of 20-30 % is the major cause of human suffering worldwide, because effective, specific and safe therapies have yet to be developed. It is unevenly distributed among sexes, with women experiencing more pain and suffering. Chronic pain can be anatomically and phenomenologically dissected into three separable but interacting pathways, a lateral 'painfulness' pathway, a medial 'suffering' pathway and a descending pain inhibitory pathway. One may have pain(fullness) without suffering and suffering without pain(fullness). Pain sensation leads to suffering via a cognitive, emotional and autonomic processing, and is expressed as anger, fear, frustration, anxiety and depression. The medial pathway overlaps with the salience and stress networks, explaining that behavioural relevance or meaning determines the suffering associated with painfulness. Genetic and epigenetic influences trigger chronic neuroinflammatory changes which are involved in transitioning from acute to chronic pain. Based on the concept of the Bayesian brain, pain (and suffering) can be regarded as the consequence of an imbalance between the two ascending and the descending pain inhibitory pathways under control of the reward system. The therapeutic clinical implications of this simple pain model are obvious. After categorizing the working mechanisms of each of the available treatments (pain killers, psychopharmacology, psychotherapy, neuromodulation, psychosurgery, spinal cord stimulation) to 1 or more of the 3 pathways, a rational combination can be proposed of activating the descending pain inhibitory pathway in combination with inhibition of the medial and lateral pathway, so as to rebalance the pain (and suffering) pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk De Ridder
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
| | - Divya Adhia
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sven Vanneste
- Global Brain Health Institute, Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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31
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Bazzocchi G, Turroni S, Bulzamini MC, D'Amico F, Bava A, Castiglioni M, Cagnetta V, Losavio E, Cazzaniga M, Terenghi L, De Palma L, Frasca G, Aiachini B, Cremascoli S, Massone A, Oggerino C, Onesta MP, Rapisarda L, Pagliacci MC, Biscotto S, Scarazzato M, Giovannini T, Balloni M, Candela M, Brigidi P, Kiekens C. Changes in gut microbiota in the acute phase after spinal cord injury correlate with severity of the lesion. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12743. [PMID: 34140572 PMCID: PMC8211659 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92027-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
After spinal cord injury (SCI), patients face many physical and psychological issues including intestinal dysfunction and comorbidities, strongly affecting quality of life. The gut microbiota has recently been suggested to influence the course of the disease in these patients. However, to date only two studies have profiled the gut microbiota in SCI patients, months after a traumatic injury. Here we characterized the gut microbiota in a large Italian SCI population, within a short time from a not only traumatic injury. Feces were collected within the first week at the rehabilitation center (no later than 60 days after SCI), and profiled by 16S rRNA gene-based next-generation sequencing. Microbial profiles were compared to those publicly available of healthy age- and gender-matched Italians, and correlated to patient metadata, including type of SCI, spinal unit location, nutrition and concomitant antibiotic therapies. The gut microbiota of SCI patients shows distinct dysbiotic signatures, i.e. increase in potentially pathogenic, pro-inflammatory and mucus-degrading bacteria, and depletion of short-chain fatty acid producers. While robust to most host variables, such dysbiosis varies by lesion level and completeness, with the most neurologically impaired patients showing an even more unbalanced microbial profile. The SCI-related gut microbiome dysbiosis is very likely secondary to injury and closely related to the degree of completeness and severity of the lesion, regardless of etiology and time interval. This microbial layout could variously contribute to increased gut permeability and inflammation, potentially predisposing patients to the onset of severe comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Bazzocchi
- Neurogastroenterology Unit, Montecatone Rehabilitation Institute, via Montecatone 37, 40026, Imola, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Silvia Turroni
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Federica D'Amico
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mimosa Balloni
- Neurogastroenterology Unit, Montecatone Rehabilitation Institute, via Montecatone 37, 40026, Imola, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Candela
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Brigidi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlotte Kiekens
- Spinal Unit, Montecatone Rehabilitation Institute, Imola, Bologna, Italy
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32
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Green PG, Alvarez P, Levine JD. A role for gut microbiota in early-life stress-induced widespread muscle pain in the adult rat. Mol Pain 2021; 17:17448069211022952. [PMID: 34096398 PMCID: PMC8186117 DOI: 10.1177/17448069211022952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult rats that experienced neonatal limited bedding (NLB), a form of early-life stress, experience persistent muscle mechanical hyperalgesia. Since there is a growing recognition that the gut microbiome regulates pain and nociception, and that early-life stress produces a long-lasting impact on the gut microbiome, we tested the hypothesis that persistent muscle hyperalgesia seen in adult NLB rats could be ameliorated by interventions that modify the gut microbiome. Adult NLB rats received probiotics, either Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (10 billion CFU/150 ml) or De Simone Formulation (DSF) (112.5 billion CFU/150 ml mixture of 8 bacterial species), in their drinking water, or non-absorbable antibiotics, rifaximin or neomycin, admixed with cookie dough, to provide 50 mg/kg. Mechanical nociceptive threshold in the gastrocnemius muscle was evaluated before and at several time points after administration of probiotics or antibiotics. Adult NLB rats fed probiotics L. Rhamnosus or DSF, antibiotics, as well as rats fed non-absorbable antibiotics rifaximin or neomycin, had markedly attenuated muscle mechanical hyperalgesia. We hypothesize that persistent skeletal muscle hyperalgesia produced by NLB stress may be, at least in part, due to a contribution of the gut microbiome, and that modulation of gut microbiome using probiotics or non-absorbable antibiotics, may be novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of chronic musculoskeletal pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul G Green
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA,Department of Preventative and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA,Division of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Pedro Alvarez
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA,Division of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jon D Levine
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA,Division of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA,Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA,Jon D Levine, University of California San Francisco, Box 0440, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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Infection-Associated Mechanisms of Neuro-Inflammation and Neuro-Immune Crosstalk in Chronic Respiratory Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115699. [PMID: 34071807 PMCID: PMC8197882 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive airway diseases are characterized by airflow obstruction and airflow limitation as well as chronic airway inflammation. Especially bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) cause considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide, can be difficult to treat, and ultimately lack cures. While there are substantial knowledge gaps with respect to disease pathophysiology, our awareness of the role of neurological and neuro-immunological processes in the development of symptoms, the progression, and the outcome of these chronic obstructive respiratory diseases, is growing. Likewise, the role of pathogenic and colonizing microorganisms of the respiratory tract in the development and manifestation of asthma and COPD is increasingly appreciated. However, their role remains poorly understood with respect to the underlying mechanisms. Common bacteria and viruses causing respiratory infections and exacerbations of chronic obstructive respiratory diseases have also been implicated to affect the local neuro-immune crosstalk. In this review, we provide an overview of previously described neuro-immune interactions in asthma, COPD, and respiratory infections that support the hypothesis of a neuro-immunological component in the interplay between chronic obstructive respiratory diseases, respiratory infections, and respiratory microbial colonization.
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