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Gupta RK, Imran A, Khan A. Anionic Effect on Electrical Transport Properties of Solid Co 2+/3+ Redox Mediators. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1436. [PMID: 38794629 PMCID: PMC11124796 DOI: 10.3390/polym16101436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In a solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell, a fast-ion conducting (σ25°C > 10-4 S cm-1) solid redox mediator (SRM; electrolyte) helps in fast dye regeneration and back-electron transfer inhibition. In this work, we synthesized solid Co2+/3+ redox mediators using a [(1 - x)succinonitrile: x poly(ethylene oxide)] matrix, LiX, Co(tris-2,2'-bipyridine)3(bis(trifluoromethyl) sulfonylimide)2, and Co(tris-2,2'-bipyridine)3(bis(trifluoromethyl) sulfonylimide)3 via the solution-cast method, and the results were compared with those of their acetonitrile-based liquid counterparts. The notation x is a weight fraction (=0, 0.5, and 1), and X represents an anion. The anion was either bis(trifluoromethyl) sulfonylimide [TFSI-; ionic size, 0.79 nm] or trifluoromethanesulfonate [Triflate-; ionic size, 0.44 nm]. The delocalized electrons and a low value of lattice energy for the anions made the lithium salts highly dissociable in the matrix. The electrolytes exhibited σ25°C ≈ 2.1 × 10-3 (1.5 × 10-3), 7.2 × 10-4 (3.1 × 10-4), and 9.7 × 10-7 (6.3 × 10-7) S cm-1 for x = 0, 0.5, and 1, respectively, with X = TFSI- (Triflate-) ions. The log σ-T-1 plot portrayed a linear curve for x = 0 and 1, and a downward curve for x = 0.5. The electrical transport study showed σ(TFSI-) > σ(Triflate-), with lower activation energy for TFSI- ions. The anionic effect increased from x = 0 to 1. This effect was explained using conventional techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra Kumar Gupta
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.); (A.K.)
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2
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Zhao W, Tian P, Gao T, Wang W, Mu C, Pang H, Ye J, Ning G. Different-grain-sized boehmite nanoparticles for stable all-solid-state lithium metal batteries. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 38758041 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01025f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
PEO is one of the common composite polymer electrolyte vehicles; however, the presence of crystalline phase at room temperature, high interface impedance, and low oxidation resistance (<4.0 V) limit its application in stable all-solid-state lithium metal batteries. Herein, we designed a PEO-based solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) by adding boehmite nanoparticles to address the above-mentioned issues. Different-grain-sized boehmite nanoparticles were synthesized by adjusting the hydrothermal temperature. Moreover, the impacts of these distinct grain-sized boehmite nanoparticles used to fabricate boehmite/PEO polymer electrolytes (BPEs) on the performance of all-solid-state lithium metal batteries were investigated. It was found that with the increase in boehmite's grain size, BPEs show better performance. The best BPE exhibited an improved Li+ transference number (0.59), high ionic conductivity (1.25 × 10-4 S m-1), and wide electrochemical window (∼4.5 V) at 60 °C. The assembled lithium symmetric battery can stably undergo 500 hours of lithium plating/stripping at 0.1 mA cm-2. At the same time, the LiFePO4/BPE/Li battery exhibits excellent cycling stability after 100 cycles at 0.5C. This reasonable design strategy with a superior capacity retention rate (86%) demonstrates great potential in achieving high ionic conductivity and good interface stability for all-solid-state lithium metal batteries simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiran Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Peng Tian
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Tingting Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Wu Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Chenxi Mu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Hongchang Pang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Junwei Ye
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Guiling Ning
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, PR China.
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3
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Wang Q, Sun Q, Pu Y, Sun W, Lin C, Duan X, Ren X, Lu L. Photo-Thermal Mediated Li-ion Transport for Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2309501. [PMID: 38109067 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The development of lithium-based solid-state batteries (SSBs) has to date been hindered by the limited ionic conductivity of solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs), where nonsolvated Li-ions are difficult to migrate in a polymer framework at room temperature. Despite the improved cationic migration by traditional heating systems, they are far from practical applications of SSBs. Here, an innovative strategy of light-mediated energy conversion is reported to build photothermal-based SPEs (PT-SPEs). The results suggest that the nanostructured photothermal materials acting as a powerful light-to-heat converter enable heating within a submicron space, leading to a decreased Li+ migration barrier and a stronger solid electrolyte interface. Via in situ X-ray diffraction analysis and molecular dynamics simulation, it is shown that the generated heating effectively triggers the structural transition of SPEs from a highly crystalline to an amorphous state, that helps mediate lithium-ion transport. Using the assembled SSBs for exemplification, PT-SPEs function as efficient ion-transport media, providing outstanding capacity retention (96% after 150 cycles) and a stable charge/discharge capacity (140 mA g-1 at 1.0 C). Overall, the work provides a comprehensive picture of the Li-ion transport in solid polymer electrolytes and suggests that free volume may be critical to achieving high-performance solid-state batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Qi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yulai Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Wenbo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Chengjiang Lin
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xiaozheng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Lehui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
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Jin Y, Li Y, Lin R, Zhang X, Shuai Y, Xiong Y. In Situ Constructing Robust and Highly Conductive Solid Electrolyte with Tailored Interfacial Chemistry for Durable Li Metal Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307942. [PMID: 38054774 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Employing nanofiber framework for in situ polymerized solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs) is impeded by the insufficient Li+ transport properties and severe dendritic Li growth. Both critical issues originate from the shortage of Li+ conduction highways and nonuniform Li+ flux, as randomly-scattered nanofiber backbone is highly prone to slippage during battery assembly. Herein, a robust fabric of Li0.33La0.56Ce0.06Ti0.94O3-δ/polyacrylonitrile framework (p-LLCTO/PAN) with inbuilt Li+ transport channels and high interfacial Li+ flux is reported to manipulate the critical current density of SSLMBs. Upon the merits of defective LLCTO fillers, TFSI- confinement and linear alignment of Li+ conduction pathways are realized inside 1D p-LLCTO/PAN tunnels, enabling remarkable ionic conductivity of 1.21 mS cm-1 (26 °C) and tLi+ of 0.93 for in situ polymerized polyvinylene carbonate (PVC) electrolyte. Specifically, molecular reinforcement protocol on PAN framework further rearranges the Li+ highway distribution on Li metal and alters Li dendrite nucleation pattern, boosting a homogeneous Li deposition behavior with favorable SEI interface chemistry. Accordingly, excellent capacity retention of 76.7% over 1000 cycles at 2 C for Li||LiFePO4 battery and 76.2% over 500 cycles at 1 C for Li||LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 battery are delivered by p-LLCTO/PAN/PVC electrolyte, presenting feasible route in overcoming the bottleneck of dendrite penetration in in situ polymerized SSLMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmin Jin
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and chemical engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Yumeng Li
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and chemical engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Ruifan Lin
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and chemical engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Xuebai Zhang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and chemical engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Yong Shuai
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Thermophysics of MIIT, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Yueping Xiong
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and chemical engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
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5
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Shao Y, Gudla H, Mindemark J, Brandell D, Zhang C. Ion Transport in Polymer Electrolytes: Building New Bridges between Experiment and Molecular Simulation. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:1123-1134. [PMID: 38569004 PMCID: PMC11025026 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusPolymer electrolytes constitute a promising type of material for solid-state batteries. However, one of the bottlenecks for their practical implementation lies in the transport properties, often including restricted Li+ self-diffusion and conductivity and low cationic transference numbers. This calls for a molecular understanding of ion transport in polymer electrolytes in which molecular dynamics (MD) simulation can provide both new physical insights and quantitative predictions. Although efforts have been made in this area and qualitative pictures have emerged, direct and quantitative comparisons between experiment and simulation remain challenging because of the lack of a unified theoretical framework to connect them.In our work, we show that by computing the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the model system and using the normalized inverse temperature 1000/(T - Tg + 50), the Li+ self-diffusion coefficient can be compared quantitatively between MD simulations and experiments. This allows us to disentangle the effects of Tg and the polymer dielectric environment on ion conduction in polymer electrolytes, giving rise to the identification of an optimal solvating environment for fast ion conduction.Unlike Li+ self-diffusion coefficients and ionic conductivity, the transference number, which describes the fraction of current carried by Li+ ions, depends on the boundary conditions or the reference frame (RF). This creates a non-negligible gap when comparing experiment and simulation because the fluxes in the experimental measurements and in the linear response theory used in MD simulation are defined in different RFs. We show that by employing the Onsager theory of ion transport and applying a proper RF transformation, a much better agreement between experiment and simulation can be achieved for the PEO-LiTFSI system. This further allows us to derive the theoretical expression for the Bruce-Vincent transference number in terms of the Onsager coefficients and make a direct comparison to experiments. Since the Bruce-Vincent method is widely used to extract transference numbers from experimental data, this opens the door to calibrating MD simulations via reproducing the Bruce-Vincent transference number and using MD simulations to predict the true transference number.In addition, we also address several open questions here such as the time-scale effects on the ion-pairing phenomenon, the consistency check between different types of experiments, the need for more accurate force fields used in MD simulations, and the extension to multicomponent systems. Overall, this Account focuses on building new bridges between experiment and simulation for quantitative comparison, warnings of pitfalls when comparing apples and oranges, and clarifying misconceptions. From a physical chemistry point of view, it connects to concentrated solution theory and provides a unified theoretical framework that can maximize the power of MD simulations. Therefore, this Account will be useful for the electrochemical energy storage community at large and set examples of how to approach experiments from theory and simulation (and vice versa).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqi Shao
- Department of Chemistry—Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, Box 538, 751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Harish Gudla
- Department of Chemistry—Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, Box 538, 751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Mindemark
- Department of Chemistry—Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, Box 538, 751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Daniel Brandell
- Department of Chemistry—Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, Box 538, 751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry—Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, Box 538, 751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
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6
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Ding J, Du T, Thomsen EH, Andresen D, Fischer MR, Møller AK, Petersen AR, Pedersen AK, Jensen LR, Wang S, Smedskjaer MM. Metal-Organic Framework Glass as a Functional Filler Enables Enhanced Performance of Solid-State Polymer Electrolytes for Lithium Metal Batteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306698. [PMID: 38145970 PMCID: PMC10933666 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Polymers are promising candidates as solid-state electrolytes due to their performance and processability, but fillers play a critical role in adjusting the polymer network structure and electrochemical, thermal, and mechanical properties. Most fillers studied so far are anisotropic, limiting the possibility of homogeneous ion transport. Here, applying metal-organic framework (MOF) glass as an isotropic functional filler, solid-state polyethylene oxide (PEO) electrolytes are prepared. Calorimetric and diffusion kinetics tests show that the MOF glass addition reduces the glass transition temperature of the polymer phase, improving the mobility of the polymer chains, and thereby facilitating lithium (Li) ion transport. By also incorporating the lithium salt and ionic liquid (IL), Li-Li symmetric cell tests of the PEO-lithium salt-MOF glass-IL electrolyte reveal low overpotential, indicating low interfacial impedance. Simulations show that the isotropic structure of the MOF glass facilitates the wettability of the IL by enhancing interfacial interactions, leading to a less confined IL structure that promotes Li-ion mobility. Finally, the obtained electrolyte is used to construct Li-lithium iron phosphate full batteries that feature high cycle stability and rate capability. This work therefore demonstrates how an isotropic functional filler can be used to enhance the electrochemical performance of solid-state polymer electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Ding
- Department of Chemistry and BioscienceAalborg UniversityAalborg9220Denmark
| | - Tao Du
- Department of Chemistry and BioscienceAalborg UniversityAalborg9220Denmark
| | - Emil H. Thomsen
- Department of Chemistry and BioscienceAalborg UniversityAalborg9220Denmark
| | - David Andresen
- Department of Chemistry and BioscienceAalborg UniversityAalborg9220Denmark
| | - Mathias R. Fischer
- Department of Chemistry and BioscienceAalborg UniversityAalborg9220Denmark
| | - Anders K. Møller
- Department of Chemistry and BioscienceAalborg UniversityAalborg9220Denmark
| | | | | | - Lars R. Jensen
- Department of Materials and ProductionAalborg UniversityAalborg9220Denmark
| | - Shiwen Wang
- College of New EnergyZhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou450002China
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7
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Gupta RK, Shaikh H, Imran A, Bedja I, Ajaj AF, Aldwayyan AS, Khan A, Ayub R. Electrical transport properties of [(1 - x)succinonitrile: xpoly(ethylene oxide)]-LiCF 3SO 3-Co[tris-(2,2'-bipyridine)] 3(TFSI) 2-Co[tris-(2,2'-bipyridine)] 3(TFSI) 3 solid redox mediators. RSC Adv 2024; 14:539-547. [PMID: 38173611 PMCID: PMC10759195 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07314a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
A solid redox mediator (solid electrolyte) with an electrical conductivity (σ25°C) greater than 10-4 S cm-1 is an essential requirement for a dye-sensitized solar cell in the harsh weather of Gulf countries. This paper reports the electrical properties of solid redox mediators prepared using highly dissociable ionic salts: Co[tris-(2,2'-bipyridine)]3(TFSI)2, Co[tris-(2,2'-bipyridine)]3(TFSI)3, and LiCF3SO3 as a source of Co2+, Co3+, and Li+ ions, respectively, in a solid matrix: [(1 - x)succinonitrile:xpoly(ethylene oxide)], where x = 0, 0.5, and 1 in weight fraction. In the presence of large size of cations (Co2+ and Co3+) and large-sized and weakly-coordinated anions (TFSI- and CF3SO3-), only the succinonitrile-poly(ethylene oxide) blend (x = 0.5) resulted in highly conductive amorphous regions with σ25°C of 4.7 × 10-4 S cm-1 for EO/Li+ = 108.4 and 3.1 × 10-4 S cm-1 for EO/Li+ = 216.8. These values are slightly lower than 1.5 × 10-3 S cm-1 for x = 0 and higher than 6.3 × 10-7 S cm-1 for x = 1. Only blend-based electrolytes exhibited a downward curve in the log σ-T-1 plot, a low value of pseudo-activation energy (0.06 eV), a high degree of transparency, and high thermal stability, making it useful for device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra Kumar Gupta
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamid Shaikh
- SABIC Polymer Research Centre, College of Engineering, King Saud University Riyadh 11421 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahamad Imran
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Idriss Bedja
- Cornea Research Chair, Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University Riyadh 11433 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abrar Fahad Ajaj
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Saleh Aldwayyan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
- K.A. CARE Energy Research and Innovation Centre, King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Aslam Khan
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashid Ayub
- Department of Science, Technology and Innovation Unit, King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
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8
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Srinivasa MK, Lee J, Hyun K, Yoo HD. Modifying Kohlrausch's Law to Describe Nonaqueous Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:59296-59308. [PMID: 38088367 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
To develop next-generation lithium-ion batteries with enhanced stability and safety, it is crucial to understand the physicochemical principles of nonaqueous electrolytes. Kohlrausch's law describes a linear decrease in the molar conductivity (Λ) with respect to the square root of the molarity of strong electrolytes at lower concentrations. This empirical law explains the impeded ionic mobility at higher concentrations due to ionic interactions, i.e., relaxation and asymmetric effects. However, this law does not hold at higher concentrations due to the ionic association that alleviates the ionic interactions and retards the decrease in the Λ. Especially, the anomalously stagnant decrease in the Λ near the solubility limit has not been clearly explained, calling for the consideration of other concentration-dependent factors such as the mean activity coefficient (γ±), viscosity (η), and dielectric constant (ε). Herein, we develop a systematic method to modify Kohlrausch's law. First, we install the ionic association constant, and the theoretical estimation is compared with the experimental results to induce the correction function that is related with the previously neglected concentration-dependent factors. Thus, the induced correction function was close to the rectified linear unit (ReLU) function, which has been widely used in the field of artificial intelligence. The modified Kohlrausch's law with the ReLU-type correction function provides a highly precise and reliable data fitting, and the fitted parameters showed clear concentration dependency and straightforward interpretability. As a result, this method effectively generalized Kohlrausch's law for nonaqueous electrolytes at higher concentrations up to the solubility limit of 3.0-3.5 M. Moreover, the modified Kohlrausch's law inspired us to discover the physical origins of the anomalously stagnant Λ profiles near the solubility limit; and the most relevant physical origin of the anomaly was the concentration dependency of the γ± and η, which grow exponentially above a critical concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhusudana Koratikere Srinivasa
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghyeon Lee
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Hyun
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Deog Yoo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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Marangon V, Barcaro E, Scaduti E, Adami F, Bonaccorso F, Pellegrini V, Hassoun J. Toward Sustainable Li-S Battery Using Scalable Cathode and Safe Glyme-Based Electrolyte. ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS 2023; 6:11560-11572. [PMID: 38037632 PMCID: PMC10685327 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.3c01966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The search for safe electrolytes to promote the application of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries may be supported by the investigation of viscous glyme solvents. Hence, electrolytes using nonflammable tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether added by lowly viscous 1,3-dioxolane (DOL) are herein thoroughly investigated for sustainable Li-S cells. The electrolytes are characterized by low flammability, a thermal stability of ∼200 °C, ionic conductivity exceeding 10-3 S cm-1 at 25 °C, a Li+ transference number of ∼0.5, electrochemical stability window from 0 to ∼4.4 V vs Li+/Li, and a Li stripping-deposition overpotential of ∼0.02 V. The progressive increase of the DOL content from 5 to 15 wt % raises the activation energy for Li+ motion, lowers the transference number, slightly limits the anodic stability, and decreases the Li/electrolyte resistance. The electrolytes are used in Li-S cells with a composite consisting of sulfur and multiwalled carbon nanotubes mixed in the 90:10 weight ratio, exploiting an optimized current collector. The cathode is preliminarily studied in terms of structure, thermal behavior, and morphology and exploited in a cell using standard electrolyte. This cell performs over 200 cycles, with sulfur loading increased to 5.2 mg cm-2 and the electrolyte/sulfur (E/S) ratio decreased to 6 μL mg-1. The above sulfur cathode and the glyme-based electrolytes are subsequently combined in safe Li-S batteries, which exhibit cycle life and delivered capacity relevantly influenced by the DOL content within the studied concentration range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Marangon
- Graphene
Laboratories, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genoa 16163, Italy
- Department
of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Edoardo Barcaro
- Department
of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Eugenio Scaduti
- Department
of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Filippo Adami
- Department
of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Francesco Bonaccorso
- Graphene
Laboratories, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genoa 16163, Italy
- BeDimensional
S.p.A., Lungotorrente
Secca 30R, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Vittorio Pellegrini
- Graphene
Laboratories, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genoa 16163, Italy
- BeDimensional
S.p.A., Lungotorrente
Secca 30R, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Jusef Hassoun
- Graphene
Laboratories, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genoa 16163, Italy
- Department
of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, Ferrara 44121, Italy
- National
Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), University of Ferrara Research Unit, Via Fossato di Mortara, 17, Ferrara 44121, Italy
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10
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Yan F, Mukherjee K, Maroncelli M, Kim HJ. Infrared Spectroscopy of Li + Solvation in Diglyme: Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics and Experiment. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:9191-9203. [PMID: 37820068 PMCID: PMC10614183 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c05612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Infrared (IR) spectra of solutions of the lithium salt LiBF4 in diglyme, CH3O(CH2CH2O)2CH3, are studied via IR spectroscopy and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations. Experiments show that the major effects of LiBF4, compared to neat diglyme, are the appearance of a new broad band in the 250-500 cm-1 frequency region and a broadening and intensity enhancement of the diglyme band in the 900-1150 cm-1 region accompanied by a red-shift. Computational analysis indicates that hindered translational motions of Li+ in its solvation cage are mainly responsible for the new far-IR band, while the changes in the mid-IR are due to Li+-coordination-dependent B-F stretching vibrations of BF4- anions coupled with diglyme vibrations. Molecular motions in these and lower frequency regions are generally correlated, revealing the collective nature of the vibrational dynamics, which involve multiple ions/molecules. Herein, a detailed analysis of these features via AIMD simulations of the spectrum and its components, combined with analysis of the generalized normal modes of the solution components, is presented. Other minor spectral changes as well as diglyme conformational changes induced by the lithium salt are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyong Yan
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Kallol Mukherjee
- Department
of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Mark Maroncelli
- Department
of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Hyung J. Kim
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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11
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Brown J, Forero-Saboya J, Baptiste B, Karlsmo M, Rousse G, Grimaud A. A guanidium salt as a chaotropic agent for aqueous battery electrolytes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:12266-12269. [PMID: 37750815 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03769j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates a salt design principle for aqueous battery electrolytes by combining chaotropic ions, guanidium cations (Gdm) and bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anions (TFSI), forming GdmTFSI. This salt's crystal structure was solved via single-crystal X-ray diffraction and characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Study reveals that GdmTFSI salt disrupts the hydrogen bonding network of aqueous solutions, impacting water reactivity at electrochemical interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Brown
- Chimie du Solide et de l'Energie (CSE), Collège de France, UMR 8260, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France.
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), CNRS FR 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex 1, France
- ALISTORE-ERI, CNRS FR 3104, Hub de I'Energie, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Juan Forero-Saboya
- Chimie du Solide et de l'Energie (CSE), Collège de France, UMR 8260, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France.
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), CNRS FR 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex 1, France
| | - Benoît Baptiste
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), UMR 7590 CNRS - Sorbonne Université - IRD - MNHN, case 115, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 5, France
| | - Martin Karlsmo
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Gwenaëlle Rousse
- Chimie du Solide et de l'Energie (CSE), Collège de France, UMR 8260, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France.
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), CNRS FR 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex 1, France
- Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Grimaud
- Chimie du Solide et de l'Energie (CSE), Collège de France, UMR 8260, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France.
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), CNRS FR 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex 1, France
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA
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12
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Fortuin BA, Otegi J, López Del Amo JM, Peña SR, Meabe L, Manzano H, Martínez-Ibañez M, Carrasco J. Synergistic theoretical and experimental study on the ion dynamics of bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide-based alkali metal salts for solid polymer electrolytes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:25038-25054. [PMID: 37698851 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02989a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Model validation of a well-known class of solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) is utilized to predict the ionic structure and ion dynamics of alternative alkali metal ions, leading to advancements in Na-, K-, and Cs-based SPEs for solid-state alkali metal batteries. A comprehensive study based on molecular dynamics (MD) is conducted to simulate ion coordination and the ion transport properties of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) with lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) salt across various LiTFSI concentrations. Through validation of the MD simulation results with experimental techniques, we gain a deeper understanding of the ionic structure and dynamics in the PEO/LiTFSI system. This computational approach is then extended to predict ion coordination and transport properties of alternative alkali metal ions. The ionic structure in PEO/LiTFSI is significantly influenced by the LiTFSI concentration, resulting in different lithium-ion transport mechanisms for highly concentrated or diluted systems. Substituting lithium with sodium, potassium, and cesium reveals a weaker cation-PEO coordination for the larger cesium-ion. However, sodium-ion based SPEs exhibit the highest cation transport number, indicating the crucial interplay between salt dissociation and cation-PEO coordination for achieving optimal performance in alkali metal SPEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigette Althea Fortuin
- Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein 48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
- Department of Physics, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain.
- ALISTORE-European Research Institute, CNRS FR 3104, Hub de l'Energie, Rue Baudelocque, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Jon Otegi
- Department of Physics, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain.
| | - Juan Miguel López Del Amo
- Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein 48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Sergio Rodriguez Peña
- Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein 48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
- Department of Physics, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain.
| | - Leire Meabe
- Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein 48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Hegoi Manzano
- Department of Physics, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain.
| | - María Martínez-Ibañez
- Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein 48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Javier Carrasco
- Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein 48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
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13
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Fang C, Chakraborty S, Li Y, Lee J, Balsara NP, Wang R. Ion Solvation Cage Structure in Polymer Electrolytes Determined by Combining X-ray Scattering and Simulations. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:1244-1250. [PMID: 37639325 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Solvation structure plays a crucial role in determining ion transport in electrolytes. We combine wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to identify the solvation cage structure in two polymer electrolytes, poly(pentyl malonate) (PPM) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) mixed with lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) salt. As the salt concentration increases, the amorphous halo in the pure polymers is augmented by an additional peak at low scattering angles. The location of this peak and its height are, however, different in the two electrolytes. By decoupling the total intensity into species contributions and mapping scattering peaks to position-space molecular correlations, we elucidate distinct origins of the additional peak. In PPM, it arises from long-range charge-ordering between solvation cages and anions, while in PEO it is dominated by correlations between anions surrounding the same cage. TFSI- ions are present in the PPM solvation cage, but expelled from the PEO solvation cage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Fang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States of America
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States of America
| | - Saheli Chakraborty
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States of America
- Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States of America
| | - Yunhao Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States of America
| | - Jaeyong Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States of America
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States of America
| | - Nitash P Balsara
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States of America
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States of America
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States of America
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States of America
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14
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Marangon V, Minnetti L, Barcaro E, Hassoun J. Room-Temperature Solid-State Polymer Electrolyte in Li-LiFePO 4 , Li-S and Li-O 2 Batteries. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301345. [PMID: 37203374 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A solid polymer electrolyte has been developed and employed in lithium-metal batteries of relevant interest. The material includes crystalline poly(ethylene glycol)dimethyl ether (PEGDME), LiTFSI and LiNO3 salts, and a SiO2 ceramic filler. The electrolyte shows ionic conductivity more than 10-4 S cm-1 at room temperature and approaching 10-3 S cm-1 at 60 °C, a Li+ -transference number exceeding 0.3, electrochemical stability from 0 to 4.4 V vs. Li+ /Li, lithium stripping/deposition overvoltage below 0.08 V, and electrode/electrolyte interphase resistance of 400 Ω. Thermogravimetry indicates that the electrolyte stands up to 200 °C without significant weight loss, while FTIR spectroscopy suggests that the LiTFSI conducting salt dissolves in the polymer. The electrolyte is used in solid-state cells with various cathodes, including LiFePO4 olivine exploiting the Li-insertion, sulfur-carbon composite operating through Li conversion, and an oxygen electrode in which reduction and evolution reactions (i. e., ORR/OER) evolve on a carbon-coated gas diffusion layer (GDL). The cells operate reversibly at room temperature with a capacity of 140 mA h g-1 at 3.4 V for LiFePO4 , 400 mA h g-1 at 2 V for sulfur electrode, and 500 mA h g-1 at 2.5 V for oxygen. The results suggest that the electrolyte could be applied in room-temperature solid polymer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Marangon
- University of Ferrara, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, Genova, 16163, Italy
| | - Luca Minnetti
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, Genova, 16163, Italy
| | - Edoardo Barcaro
- University of Ferrara, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Jusef Hassoun
- University of Ferrara, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, Genova, 16163, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of, Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), University of Ferrara Research Unit, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 17, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
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15
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Gucci F, Grasso M, Russo S, Leighton GJT, Shaw C, Brighton J. Electrical and Mechanical Characterisation of Poly(ethylene)oxide-Polysulfone Blend for Composite Structural Lithium Batteries. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15112581. [PMID: 37299379 DOI: 10.3390/polym15112581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, a blend of PEO, polysulfone (PSF), and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSi) was prepared at different PEO-PSf weight ratios (70-30, 80-20, and 90-10) and ethylene oxide to lithium (EO/Li) ratios (16/1, 20/1, 30/1, and 50/1). The samples were characterised using FT-IR, DSC, and XRD. Young's modulus and tensile strength were evaluated at room temperature with micro-tensile testing. The ionic conductivity was measured between 5 °C and 45 °C through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The samples with a ratio of PEO and PSf equal to 70-30 and EO/Li ratio equal to 16/1 have the highest conductivity (1.91 × 10-4 S/cm) at 25 °C, while the PEO-PSf 80-20 EO/Li = 50/1 have the highest averaged Young's modulus of about 1.5 GPa at 25 °C. The configuration with a good balance between electrical and mechanical properties is the PEO-PSf 70-30 EO/Li = 30/1, which has a conductivity of 1.17 × 10-4 S/cm and a Young's modulus of 800 MPa, both measured at 25 °C. It was also found that increasing the EO/Li ratio to 16/1 dramatically affects the mechanical properties of the samples with them showing extreme embrittlement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Gucci
- School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Marzio Grasso
- School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Stefano Russo
- School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Glenn J T Leighton
- School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Christopher Shaw
- School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - James Brighton
- School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
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16
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Chen A, Zeng Q, Wen W, Wen X, Li Z, Liu Y, Guan J, Wang H, Liu W, Chen P, Zhang L. A Highly Salt-Soluble Ketone-Based All-Solid-State Polymer Electrolyte with Superior Performances for Lithium-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:17791-17800. [PMID: 36989399 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) have great potential to be used in high-safety lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, it is still a significant challenge for SPEs to develop high ionic conductivity, high mechanical strength, and good interior interfacial compatibility. In this work, a ketone-based all-solid-state electrolyte (PAD) resulting from allyl acetoacetate (AAA), diacetone acrylamide (DAAM), and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) was prepared by UV-inducing photopolymerization. The abundant ketone groups endow the prepared PAD all-solid-state electrolyte with strong dissociation of lithium salts and weak coordination interactions between ketone groups and Li+. Depending on the unique properties of the ketone groups in the electrolyte system, the prepared polymer electrolytes show a high lithium-ion transference number of 0.87 and a wide electrochemical window of 4.95 V. Furthermore, the PAD electrolyte also exhibits superior viscoelasticity, which is beneficial for good contact with electrodes. As a result, the assembled LFP/PAD/Li cells with PAD electrolytes show good cycle performance and rate performance. Concretely, the all-solid-state symmetric lithium cells with the PAD electrolyte can achieve stable lithium plating and stripping at 0.05 mA cm-2 for over 1000 h at 60 °C. This work highlights the advantages of ketone-based electrolyte as a polymer electrolyte and provides a design method for advanced polymer electrolytes applied in high-performance solid lithium batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Chen
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qinghui Zeng
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wen Wen
- Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development (RIPED), PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xin Wen
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhenfeng Li
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiazhu Guan
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Honghao Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Pingping Chen
- School of Materials, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Liaoyun Zhang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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17
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Bakar R, Darvishi S, Aydemir U, Yahsi U, Tav C, Menceloglu YZ, Senses E. Decoding Polymer Architecture Effect on Ion Clustering, Chain Dynamics, and Ionic Conductivity in Polymer Electrolytes. ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS 2023; 6:4053-4064. [PMID: 37064412 PMCID: PMC10091352 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.3c00310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based polymer electrolytes are a promising class of materials for use in lithium-ion batteries due to their high ionic conductivity and flexibility. In this study, the effects of polymer architecture including linear, star, and hyperbranched and salt (lithiumbis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI)) concentration on the glass transition (T g), microstructure, phase diagram, free volume, and bulk viscosity, all of which play a significant role in determining the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte, have been systematically studied for PEO-based polymer electrolytes. The branching of PEO widens the liquid phase toward lower salt concentrations, suggesting decreased crystallization and improved ion coordination. At high salt loadings, ion clustering is common for all electrolytes, yet the cluster size and distribution appear to be strongly architecture-dependent. Also, the ionic conductivity is maximized at a salt concentration of [Li/EO ≈ 0.085] for all architectures, and the highly branched polymers displayed as much as three times higher ionic conductivity (with respect to the linear analogue) for the same total molar mass. The architecture-dependent ionic conductivity is attributed to the enhanced free volume measured by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy. Interestingly, despite the strong architecture dependence of ionic conductivity, the salt addition in the highly branched architectures results in accelerated yet similar monomeric friction coefficients for these polymers, offering significant potential toward decoupling of conductivity from segmental dynamics of polymer electrolytes, leading to outstanding battery performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Recep Bakar
- Department
of Material Science and Engineering, Koç
University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34450, Türkiye
| | - Saeid Darvishi
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koç University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34450, Türkiye
| | - Umut Aydemir
- Department
of Chemistry, Koç University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34450, Türkiye
- Koc
University Boron and Advanced Materials Application and Research Center
(KUBAM), Sariyer, Istanbul 34450, Türkiye
| | - Ugur Yahsi
- Department
of Physics, Faculty of Science, Marmara
University, Kadikoy, Istanbul 34722, Türkiye
| | - Cumali Tav
- Department
of Physics, Faculty of Science, Marmara
University, Kadikoy, Istanbul 34722, Türkiye
| | - Yusuf Ziya Menceloglu
- Faculty of
Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci
University, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Türkiye
| | - Erkan Senses
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koç University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34450, Türkiye
- Koc
University Boron and Advanced Materials Application and Research Center
(KUBAM), Sariyer, Istanbul 34450, Türkiye
- Koç
University Surface Science and Technology Center (KUYTAM), Rumelifeneri yolu, Sariyer, Istanbul 34450, Türkiye
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18
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Gucci F, Grasso M, Shaw C, Leighton G, Marchante Rodriguez V, Brighton J. PEO-based polymer blend electrolyte for composite structural battery. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2023.2180391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Gucci
- Cranfield University, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing Cranfield, Bedfordshire, UK
| | - Marzio Grasso
- Cranfield University, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing Cranfield, Bedfordshire, UK
| | - Christopher Shaw
- Cranfield University, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing Cranfield, Bedfordshire, UK
| | - Glenn Leighton
- Cranfield University, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing Cranfield, Bedfordshire, UK
| | | | - James Brighton
- Cranfield University, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing Cranfield, Bedfordshire, UK
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19
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Fortuin B, Meabe L, Peña SR, Zhang Y, Qiao L, Etxabe J, Garcia L, Manzano H, Armand M, Martínez-Ibañez M, Carrasco J. Molecular-Level Insight into Charge Carrier Transport and Speciation in Solid Polymer Electrolytes by Chemically Tuning Both Polymer and Lithium Salt. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:1955-1964. [PMID: 36761231 PMCID: PMC9900585 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c07032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The advent of Li-metal batteries has seen progress toward studies focused on the chemical modification of solid polymer electrolytes, involving tuning either polymer or Li salt properties to enhance the overall cell performance. This study encompasses chemically modifying simultaneously both polymer matrix and lithium salt by assessing ion coordination environments, ion transport mechanisms, and molecular speciation. First, commercially used lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) salt is taken as a reference, where F atoms become partially substituted by one or two H atoms in the -CF3 moieties of LiTFSI. These substitutions lead to the formation of lithium(difluoromethanesulfonyl)(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiDFTFSI) and lithium bis(difluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiDFSI) salts. Both lithium salts promote anion immobilization and increase the lithium transference number. Second, we show that exchanging archetypal poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) with poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) significantly changes charge carrier speciation. Studying the ionic structures of these polymer/Li salt combinations (LiTFSI, LiDFTFSI or LiDFSI with PEO or PCL) by combining molecular dynamics simulations and a range of experimental techniques, we provide atomistic insights to understand the solvation structure and synergistic effects that impact macroscopic properties, such as Li+ conductivity and transference number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigette
A. Fortuin
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Department
of Physics, University of the Basque Country
(UPV/EHU), 48940Leioa, Spain
| | - Leire Meabe
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Sergio Rodriguez Peña
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Department
of Physics, University of the Basque Country
(UPV/EHU), 48940Leioa, Spain
| | - Yan Zhang
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Lixin Qiao
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Julen Etxabe
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Lorena Garcia
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Hegoi Manzano
- Department
of Physics, University of the Basque Country
(UPV/EHU), 48940Leioa, Spain
| | - Michel Armand
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - María Martínez-Ibañez
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Javier Carrasco
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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20
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Mezzomo L, Lorenzi R, Mauri M, Simonutti R, D’Arienzo M, Wi TU, Ko S, Lee HW, Poggini L, Caneschi A, Mustarelli P, Ruffo R. Unveiling the Role of PEO-Capped TiO 2 Nanofiller in Stabilizing the Anode Interface in Lithium Metal Batteries. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:8509-8518. [PMID: 36315593 PMCID: PMC9650764 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) will be a breakthrough in automotive applications, but they require the development of next-generation solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) to stabilize the anode interface. Polymer-in-ceramic PEO/TiO2 nanocomposite SSEs show outstanding properties, allowing unprecedented LMBs durability and self-healing capabilities. However, the mechanism underlying the inhibition/delay of dendrite growth is not well understood. In fact, the inorganic phase could act as both a chemical and a mechanical barrier to dendrite propagation. Combining advanced in situ and ex situ experimental techniques, we demonstrate that oligo(ethylene oxide)-capped TiO2, although chemically inert toward lithium metal, imparts SSE with mechanical and dynamical properties particularly favorable for application. The self-healing characteristics are due to the interplay between mechanical robustness and high local polymer mobility which promotes the disruption of the electric continuity of the lithium dendrites (razor effect).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Mezzomo
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
di Milano Bicocca, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Lorenzi
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
di Milano Bicocca, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Michele Mauri
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
di Milano Bicocca, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Simonutti
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
di Milano Bicocca, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Massimiliano D’Arienzo
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
di Milano Bicocca, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Tae-Ung Wi
- School
of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan
National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangho Ko
- School
of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan
National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Wook Lee
- School
of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan
National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Lorenzo Poggini
- Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche − CNR Istituto di Chimica dei Composti
OrganoMetallici − ICCOM, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - Andrea Caneschi
- Department
of Industrial Engineering (DIEF) and INSTM Research Unit, University of Florence, Via Santa Marta 3, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Piercarlo Mustarelli
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
di Milano Bicocca, 20125 Milano, Italy
- National
Reference Center for Electrochemical Energy Storage (GISEL) −
Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia
dei Materiali (INSTM), 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Riccardo Ruffo
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
di Milano Bicocca, 20125 Milano, Italy
- National
Reference Center for Electrochemical Energy Storage (GISEL) −
Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia
dei Materiali (INSTM), 50121 Firenze, Italy
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21
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Pathreeker S, Hosein ID. Vinylimidazole-Based Polymer Electrolytes with Superior Conductivity and Promising Electrochemical Performance for Calcium Batteries. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2022; 4:6803-6811. [PMID: 36277173 PMCID: PMC9578112 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.2c01140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Calcium batteries are next-generation energy storage technologies with promising techno-economic benefits. However, performance bottlenecks associated with conventional electrolytes with oxygen-based coordination chemistries must be overcome to enable faster cation transport. Here, we report an imidazole-based polymer electrolyte with the highest reported conductivity and promising electrochemical properties. The polymerization of vinylimidazole in the presence of calcium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Ca(TFSI)2) salt creates a gel electrolyte comprising a polyvinyl imidazole (PVIm) host infused with vinylimidazole liquid. Calcium ions effectively coordinate with imidazole groups, and the electrolytes present room temperature conductivities of >1 mS/cm. Reversible redox activity in symmetric Ca cells is demonstrated at 2 V overpotentials, stable cycles at 0.1 mA/cm2, and areal capacities of 0.1 mAh/cm2. Softer coordination, polarizability, and closer coordinating site distances of the imidazole groups can explain the enhanced properties. Hence, imidazole is a suitable chemical benchmark for the future design and advancement of polymer electrolytes for calcium batteries.
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22
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Li LX, Li R, Huang ZH, Liu MQ, Xiang J, Shen XQ, Jing MX. High-performance gel electrolyte for enhanced interface compatibility and lithium metal stability in high-voltage lithium battery. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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23
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Hamrahjoo M, Hadad S, Dehghani E, Salami-Kalajahi M, Roghani-Mamaqani H. Preparation of matrix-grafted graphene/poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) nanocomposite gel polymer electrolytes by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization for lithium ion batteries. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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24
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Zhao W, Pan Z, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Dou H, Shi Y, Zuo Z, Zhang B, Chen J, Zhao X, Yang X. Tailoring Coordination in Conventional Ether-Based Electrolytes for Reversible Magnesium-Metal Anodes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205187. [PMID: 35586955 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Rechargeable magnesium (Mg) batteries based on conventional electrolytes are seriously plagued by the formation of the ion-blocking passivation layer on the Mg metal anode. By tracking the Mg2+ solvation sheath, this work links the passivation components to the Mg2+ -solvents (1,2-dimethoxyethane, DME) coordination and the consequent thermodynamically unstable DME molecules. On this basis, we propose a methodology to tailor solvation coordination by introducing the additive solvent with extreme electron richness. Oxygen atoms in phosphorus-oxygen groups compete with that in carbon-oxygen groups of DME for the coordination with Mg2+ , thus softening the solvation sheath deformation. Meanwhile, the organophosphorus molecules in the rearranged solvation sheath decompose on the Mg surface, increasing the Mg2+ transport and electrical resistance by three and one orders of magnitude, respectively. Consequently, the symmetric cells exhibit superior cycling performance of over 600 cycles with low polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyu Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Zhenghui Pan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Yijie Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Huanglin Dou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China.,College of Material Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, P. R. China
| | - Yayun Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China.,College of Material Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, P. R. China
| | - Zhijun Zuo
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, P. R. China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
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25
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Zhao W, Pan Z, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Dou H, Shi Y, Zuo Z, Zhang B, Chen J, Zhao X, Yang X. Tailoring Coordination in Conventional Ether‐Based Electrolytes for Reversible Magnesium‐Metal Anodes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanyu Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 201804 P. R. China
| | - Zhenghui Pan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 201804 P. R. China
| | - Yijie Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 201804 P. R. China
| | - Yuan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 201804 P. R. China
| | - Huanglin Dou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 201804 P. R. China
- College of Material Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 P. R. China
| | - Yayun Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 201804 P. R. China
- College of Material Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 P. R. China
| | - Zhijun Zuo
- College of Material Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 P. R. China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Jianping Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 201804 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 201804 P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 201804 P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
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26
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Hamrahjoo M, Hadad S, Dehghani E, Salami-Kalajahi M, Roghani-Mamaqani H. Poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate-co-acrylonitrile) gel polymer electrolytes for high performance lithium ion batteries: Comparing controlled and conventional radical polymerization. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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27
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Sun S, Wu T. Preparation and properties of self‐healable solid‐state polymer electrolytes based on covalent adaptive networks enabled by disulfide bond. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Sun
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Tongfei Wu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
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28
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Electrical Transport, Structural, Optical and Thermal Properties of [(1- x)Succinonitrile: xPEO]-LiTFSI-Co(bpy) 3(TFSI) 2-Co(bpy) 3(TFSI) 3 Solid Redox Mediators. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14091870. [PMID: 35567039 PMCID: PMC9101716 DOI: 10.3390/polym14091870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The solar cell has been considered one of the safest modes for electricity generation. In a dye-sensitized solar cell, a commonly used iodide/triiodide redox mediator inhibits back-electron transfer reactions, regenerates dyes, and reduces triiodide into iodide. The use of iodide/triiodide redox, however, imposes several problems and hence needs to be replaced by alternative redox. This paper reports the first Co2+/Co3+ solid redox mediators, prepared using [(1−x)succinonitrile: xPEO] as a matrix and LiTFSI, Co(bpy)3(TFSI)2, and Co(bpy)3(TFSI)3 as sources of ions. The electrolytes are referred to as SN_E (x = 0), Blend 1_E (x = 0.5 with the ethereal oxygen of the PEO-to-lithium ion molar ratio (EO/Li+) of 113), Blend 2_E (x = 0.5; EO/Li+ = 226), and PEO_E (x = 1; EO/Li+ = 226), which achieved electrical conductivity of 2.1 × 10−3, 4.3 × 10−4, 7.2 × 10−4, and 9.7 × 10−7 S cm−1, respectively at 25 °C. Only the blend-based polymer electrolytes exhibited the Vogel-Tamman-Fulcher-type behavior (vitreous nature) with a required low pseudo-activation energy (0.05 eV), thermal stability up to 125 °C, and transparency in UV-A, visible, and near-infrared regions. FT-IR spectroscopy demonstrated the interaction between salt and matrix in the following order: SN_E < Blend 2_E < Blend 1_E << PEO_E. The results were compared with those of acetonitrile-based liquid electrolyte, ACN_E.
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29
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Chengbin Li, Yue H, Wang Q, Yang S. A High-Performance Self-Reinforced PEO-Based Blend Solid Electrolyte Membrane for Solid-State Lithium Ion Batteries. RUSS J ELECTROCHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1023193522040085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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30
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Reiter M, Khorsand Kheirabad A, Unterlass MM, Yuan J. Siloxane-Based Main-Chain Poly(ionic liquid)s via a Debus-Radziszewski Reaction. ACS POLYMERS AU 2022; 2:80-87. [PMID: 35445215 PMCID: PMC9011398 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.1c00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Herein, we synthesized
a series of siloxane-based poly(ionic liquid)s
(PILs) with imidazolium-type species in the main chain via the multicomponent Debus–Radziszewski reaction. We employed
oligodimethylsiloxane diamine precursors to integrate flexible spacers
in the polymer backbone and ultimately succeeded in obtaining main-chain
PILs with low glass transition temperatures (Tgs) in the range of −40 to −18
°C. Such PILs were combined with conventional hydrophobic vinylimidazolium-based
PILs for the fabrication of porous membranes via interpolyelectrolyte
complexation with poly(acrylic acid), which leads to enhanced mechanical
performance in the tensile testing measurements. This study will enrich
the structure library of main-chain PILs and open up more opportunities
for potential industrial applications of porous imidazolium-based
membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Reiter
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK), Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Materials Chemistry, TU Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Atefeh Khorsand Kheirabad
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK), Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Miriam M Unterlass
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Materials Chemistry, TU Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jiayin Yuan
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK), Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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31
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Feng L, Li GQ, Li YK, Gu XL, Hu SY, Han YC, Wang YF, Zheng JC, Deng YH, Wan CQ. MOF-supported crystalline ionic liquid: new type of solid electrolyte for enhanced and high ionic conductivity. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:6086-6094. [PMID: 35357387 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00526c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state electrolyte (SSE) is crucial for a high-performance all-solid-state battery. Here, a new solid sodium electrolyte based on the ionic liquid EIMS-NaTFSI and one metal-organic framework (MOF) UiO-67-MIMS functionalized with zwitterion groups MIMS was obtained (UiO-67 and was assembled with 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylate linker and cluster Zr6O4(OH)4) (EIMS = 1-(1-ethyl-3-imidazolio)propane-3-sulfonate, NaTFSI = sodium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, MIMS = 1-(1-mthyl-3-imidazolio)propane-3-sulfonate). By contacting and pairing EIMS-NaTFSI (abbreviated as EN-1) to the MIMS group on the framework, EN-1 was directed and arranged along the channels within UiO-67-MIMS, forming a solid composite EN-1@UiO-67-MIMS with Bragg scatter, i.e., a crystalline ionic liquid containing Na+ salts (NaTFSI). Such an ionic liquid EN-1@UiO-67-MIMS bearing crystalline MOF matrix showed and preserved fast ion conduction (1.02 × 10-2 S cm-1) at 150 °C even after 30 days, and exhibited 1-2 orders of magnitude higher conductivities than the bulk ionic liquid EN-1 within a wide temperature range, although the ion content in the latter was higher. The infinite pathway paved by the EN-1 arranged and contacted the MIMS along the channels within MOF well accounts for the fast ion transmission and the stability of the solid-state electrolyte. Such MOF-based crystalline ionic liquid provides a new strategy for developing high-performance solid-state electrolytes for ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Guo-Qiang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Yu-Kun Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Xiao-Ling Gu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Si-Yuan Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Yu-Chen Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Yi-Fan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Ji-Ci Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Yu-Heng Deng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Chong-Qing Wan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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32
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In situ infrared nanospectroscopy of the local processes at the Li/polymer electrolyte interface. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1398. [PMID: 35301308 PMCID: PMC8931078 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29103-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid-state batteries possess the potential to significantly impact energy storage industries by enabling diverse benefits, such as increased safety and energy density. However, challenges persist with physicochemical properties and processes at electrode/electrolyte interfaces. Thus, there is great need to characterize such interfaces in situ, and unveil scientific understanding that catalyzes engineering solutions. To address this, we conduct multiscale in situ microscopies (optical, atomic force, and infrared near-field) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies (near-field nanospectroscopy and attenuated total reflection) of intact and electrochemically operational graphene/solid polymer electrolyte interfaces. We find nanoscale structural and chemical heterogeneities intrinsic to the solid polymer electrolyte initiate a cascade of additional interfacial nanoscale heterogeneities during Li plating and stripping; including Li-ion conductivity, electrolyte decomposition, and interphase formation. Moreover, our methodology to nondestructively characterize buried interfaces and interphases in their native environment with nanoscale resolution is readily adaptable to a number of other electrochemical systems and battery chemistries. Solid-state batteries remain promising but essential insights into electrode-electrolyte interface are required. Here, the authors report in situ infrared nanospectroscopy of the lithium-polymer-electrolyte interface to reveal its intrinsic molecular, structural, and chemical heterogeneities.
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33
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Ratschmeier B, Braunschweig B. Role of imidazolium cations on the interfacial structure of room‐temperature ionic liquids in contact with Pt(111) electrodes. ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Björn Ratschmeier
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Westfälische Wilhelms‐Universität Münster Münster Germany
| | - Björn Braunschweig
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Westfälische Wilhelms‐Universität Münster Münster Germany
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34
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Gudla H, Shao Y, Phunnarungsi S, Brandell D, Zhang C. Importance of the Ion-Pair Lifetime in Polymer Electrolytes. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:8460-8464. [PMID: 34449227 PMCID: PMC8436209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ion pairing is commonly considered as a culprit for the reduced ionic conductivity in polymer electrolyte systems. However, this simple thermodynamic picture should not be taken literally, as ion pairing is a dynamical phenomenon. Here we construct model poly(ethylene oxide)-bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium salt systems with different degrees of ion pairing by tuning the solvent polarity and examine the relation between the cation-anion distinct conductivity σ+-d and the lifetime of ion pairs τ+- using molecular dynamics simulations. It is found that there exist two distinct regimes where σ+-d scales with 1/τ+- and τ+-, respectively, and the latter is a signature of longer-lived ion pairs that contribute negatively to the total ionic conductivity. This suggests that ion pairs are kinetically different depending on the solvent polarity, which renders the ion-pair lifetime highly important when discussing its effect on ion transport in polymer electrolyte systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harish Gudla
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, Box 538, 75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yunqi Shao
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, Box 538, 75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Supho Phunnarungsi
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, Box 538, 75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Daniel Brandell
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, Box 538, 75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, Box 538, 75121 Uppsala, Sweden
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35
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Loo WS, Fang C, Balsara NP, Wang R. Uncovering Local Correlations in Polymer Electrolytes by X-ray Scattering and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Whitney S. Loo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Chao Fang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Nitash P. Balsara
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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36
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Reiter M, Anton AM, Chang J, Kremer F, Unterlass MM, Yuan J. Tuning the glass transition of siloxane‐based poly(ionic liquid)s towards high ion conductivity. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Reiter
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK) Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry TU Wien Vienna Austria
- Institute of Materials Chemistry TU Wien Vienna Austria
| | - Arthur Markus Anton
- Peter Debye Institute for Soft Matter Physics Leipzig University Leipzig Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of Sheffield Sheffield UK
| | - Jian Chang
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK) Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
| | - Friedrich Kremer
- Peter Debye Institute for Soft Matter Physics Leipzig University Leipzig Germany
| | - Miriam M. Unterlass
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry TU Wien Vienna Austria
- Institute of Materials Chemistry TU Wien Vienna Austria
- CeMM‐Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Vienna Austria
| | - Jiayin Yuan
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK) Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
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37
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Xu B, Li X, Yang C, Li Y, Grundish NS, Chien PH, Dong K, Manke I, Fang R, Wu N, Xu H, Dolocan A, Goodenough JB. Interfacial Chemistry Enables Stable Cycling of All-Solid-State Li Metal Batteries at High Current Densities. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:6542-6550. [PMID: 33904722 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c00752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The application of flexible, robust, and low-cost solid polymer electrolytes in next-generation all-solid-state lithium metal batteries has been hindered by the low room-temperature ionic conductivity of these electrolytes and the small critical current density of the batteries. Both issues stem from the low mobility of Li+ ions in the polymer and the fast lithium dendrite growth at the Li metal/electrolyte interface. Herein, Mg(ClO4)2 is demonstrated to be an effective additive in the poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based composite electrolyte to regulate Li+ ion transport and manipulate the Li metal/electrolyte interfacial performance. By combining experimental and computational studies, we show that Mg2+ ions are immobile in a PEO host due to coordination with ether oxygen and anions of lithium salts, which enhances the mobility of Li+ ions; more importantly, an in-situ formed Li+-conducting Li2MgCl4/LiF interfacial layer homogenizes the Li+ flux during plating and increases the critical current density up to a record 2 mA cm-2. Each of these factors contributes to the assembly of competitive all-solid-state Li/Li, LiFePO4/Li, and LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2/Li cells, demonstrating the importance of surface chemistry and interfacial engineering in the design of all-solid-state Li metal batteries for high-current-density applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biyi Xu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Xinyu Li
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Chao Yang
- Helmholtz Centre Berlin for Materials and Energy, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, Berlin 14109, Germany
| | - Yutao Li
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Nicholas S Grundish
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Po-Hsiu Chien
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Kang Dong
- Helmholtz Centre Berlin for Materials and Energy, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, Berlin 14109, Germany
| | - Ingo Manke
- Helmholtz Centre Berlin for Materials and Energy, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, Berlin 14109, Germany
| | - Ruyi Fang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Nan Wu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Henghui Xu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Andrei Dolocan
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - John B Goodenough
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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38
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Zhang L, Jin G, Ma T, Wang S. Ion transport in topological all‐solid‐state polymer electrolyte improved via graphene‐oxide. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering Chuzhou University Chuzhou China
- Rambo Zhijia Clothing Co. LTD Wuhan China
| | - Gan Jin
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering Chuzhou University Chuzhou China
- Rambo Zhijia Clothing Co. LTD Wuhan China
| | - Tianlin Ma
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering Chuzhou University Chuzhou China
| | - Shi Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing China
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39
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Widstrom MD, Borodin O, Ludwig KB, Matthews JE, Bhattacharyya S, Garaga M, V. Cresce A, Jarry A, Erdi M, Wang C, Greenbaum S, Kofinas P. Water Domain Enabled Transport in Polymer Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion Batteries. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Widstrom
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, 4418 Stadium Drive, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
| | - Oleg Borodin
- Energy Storage Branch, Sensor and Electron Devices Directorate, Combat Capabilities Development Command U.S. Army Research Laboratory, 2800 Powder Mill Road, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
| | - Kyle B. Ludwig
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, 4418 Stadium Drive, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
| | - Jesse E. Matthews
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, 4418 Stadium Drive, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
| | - Sahana Bhattacharyya
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College of the City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Mounesha Garaga
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College of the City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Arthur V. Cresce
- Energy Storage Branch, Sensor and Electron Devices Directorate, Combat Capabilities Development Command U.S. Army Research Laboratory, 2800 Powder Mill Road, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
| | - Angelique Jarry
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, 4418 Stadium Drive, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
| | - Metecan Erdi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, 4418 Stadium Drive, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, 4418 Stadium Drive, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
| | - Steven Greenbaum
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College of the City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Peter Kofinas
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, 4418 Stadium Drive, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
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40
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A Performance and Cost Overview of Selected Solid-State Electrolytes: Race between Polymer Electrolytes and Inorganic Sulfide Electrolytes. BATTERIES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/batteries7010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Electrolytes are key components in electrochemical storage systems, which provide an ion-transport mechanism between the cathode and anode of a cell. As battery technologies are in continuous development, there has been growing demand for more efficient, reliable and environmentally friendly materials. Solid-state lithium ion batteries (SSLIBs) are considered as next-generation energy storage systems and solid electrolytes (SEs) are the key components for these systems. Compared to liquid electrolytes, SEs are thermally stable (safer), less toxic and provide a more compact (lighter) battery design. However, the main issue is the ionic conductivity, especially at low temperatures. So far, there are two popular types of SEs: (1) inorganic solid electrolytes (InSEs) and (2) polymer electrolytes (PEs). Among InSEs, sulfide-based SEs are providing very high ionic conductivities (up to 10−2 S/cm) and they can easily compete with liquid electrolytes (LEs). On the other hand, they are much more expensive than LEs. PEs can be produced at less cost than InSEs but their conductivities are still not sufficient for higher performances. This paper reviews the most efficient SEs and compares them in terms of their performances and costs. The challenges associated with the current state-of-the-art electrolytes and their cost-reduction potentials are described.
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41
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Sharon D, Bennington P, Webb MA, Deng C, de Pablo JJ, Patel SN, Nealey PF. Molecular Level Differences in Ionic Solvation and Transport Behavior in Ethylene Oxide-Based Homopolymer and Block Copolymer Electrolytes. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:3180-3190. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sharon
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Peter Bennington
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Michael A. Webb
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, 41 Olden St, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
| | - Chuting Deng
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Juan J. de Pablo
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Shrayesh N. Patel
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Paul F. Nealey
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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42
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Hu J, Wang W, Zhu X, Liu S, Wang Y, Xu Y, Zhou S, He X, Xue Z. Composite polymer electrolytes reinforced by hollow silica nanotubes for lithium metal batteries. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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43
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Steinrück H, Cao C, Lukatskaya MR, Takacs CJ, Wan G, Mackanic DG, Tsao Y, Zhao J, Helms BA, Xu K, Borodin O, Wishart JF, Toney MF. Interfacial Speciation Determines Interfacial Chemistry: X-ray-Induced Lithium Fluoride Formation from Water-in-salt Electrolytes on Solid Surfaces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23180-23187. [PMID: 32881197 PMCID: PMC7756515 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Super-concentrated "water-in-salt" electrolytes recently spurred resurgent interest for high energy density aqueous lithium-ion batteries. Thermodynamic stabilization at high concentrations and kinetic barriers towards interfacial water electrolysis significantly expand the electrochemical stability window, facilitating high voltage aqueous cells. Herein we investigated LiTFSI/H2 O electrolyte interfacial decomposition pathways in the "water-in-salt" and "salt-in-water" regimes using synchrotron X-rays, which produce electrons at the solid/electrolyte interface to mimic reductive environments, and simultaneously probe the structure of surface films using X-ray diffraction. We observed the surface-reduction of TFSI- at super-concentration, leading to lithium fluoride interphase formation, while precipitation of the lithium hydroxide was not observed. The mechanism behind this photoelectron-induced reduction was revealed to be concentration-dependent interfacial chemistry that only occurs among closely contact ion-pairs, which constitutes the rationale behind the "water-in-salt" concept.
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Grants
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR).
- DE-SC0012704 Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division
- ECCS-1542152 National Science Foundation
- DE-AC02-76SF00515 U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
- DE-AC02-05CH11231 Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy
- ECCS-2026822 National Science Foundation
- SN2020957 Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR) / ARL
- Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division
- National Science Foundation
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans‐Georg Steinrück
- SSRL Materials Science DivisionSLAC National Accelerator LaboratoryMenlo ParkCA94025USA
- SLAC National Accelerator LaboratoryJoint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR)LemontIL60439USA
- Department ChemieUniversität Paderborn33098PaderbornGermany
| | - Chuntian Cao
- SSRL Materials Science DivisionSLAC National Accelerator LaboratoryMenlo ParkCA94025USA
| | - Maria R. Lukatskaya
- SSRL Materials Science DivisionSLAC National Accelerator LaboratoryMenlo ParkCA94025USA
- SLAC National Accelerator LaboratoryJoint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR)LemontIL60439USA
- Laboratory for Electrochemical Energy SystemsDepartment of Mechanical and Process EngineeringETH Zürich8092ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Christopher J. Takacs
- SSRL Materials Science DivisionSLAC National Accelerator LaboratoryMenlo ParkCA94025USA
- SLAC National Accelerator LaboratoryJoint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR)LemontIL60439USA
| | - Gang Wan
- SSRL Materials Science DivisionSLAC National Accelerator LaboratoryMenlo ParkCA94025USA
| | | | - Yuchi Tsao
- Department of ChemistryStanford UniversityStanfordUSA
| | - Jingbo Zhao
- Joint Center for Energy Storage ResearchLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA
| | - Brett A. Helms
- Joint Center for Energy Storage ResearchLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA
- The Molecular FoundryLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA
| | - Kang Xu
- Energy Storage BranchSensor and Electron Devices DirectorateU.S. Army Research LaboratoryAdelphi20783USA
| | - Oleg Borodin
- Energy Storage BranchSensor and Electron Devices DirectorateU.S. Army Research LaboratoryAdelphi20783USA
| | | | - Michael F. Toney
- SSRL Materials Science DivisionSLAC National Accelerator LaboratoryMenlo ParkCA94025USA
- SLAC National Accelerator LaboratoryJoint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR)LemontIL60439USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCO80309USA
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44
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Steinrück H, Cao C, Lukatskaya MR, Takacs CJ, Wan G, Mackanic DG, Tsao Y, Zhao J, Helms BA, Xu K, Borodin O, Wishart JF, Toney MF. Interfacial Speciation Determines Interfacial Chemistry: X‐ray‐Induced Lithium Fluoride Formation from Water‐in‐salt Electrolytes on Solid Surfaces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hans‐Georg Steinrück
- SSRL Materials Science Division SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park CA 94025 USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR) Lemont IL 60439 USA
- Department Chemie Universität Paderborn 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Chuntian Cao
- SSRL Materials Science Division SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park CA 94025 USA
| | - Maria R. Lukatskaya
- SSRL Materials Science Division SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park CA 94025 USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR) Lemont IL 60439 USA
- Laboratory for Electrochemical Energy Systems Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering ETH Zürich 8092 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Christopher J. Takacs
- SSRL Materials Science Division SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park CA 94025 USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR) Lemont IL 60439 USA
| | - Gang Wan
- SSRL Materials Science Division SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park CA 94025 USA
| | | | - Yuchi Tsao
- Department of Chemistry Stanford University Stanford USA
| | - Jingbo Zhao
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Brett A. Helms
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- The Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Kang Xu
- Energy Storage Branch Sensor and Electron Devices Directorate U.S. Army Research Laboratory Adelphi 20783 USA
| | - Oleg Borodin
- Energy Storage Branch Sensor and Electron Devices Directorate U.S. Army Research Laboratory Adelphi 20783 USA
| | - James F. Wishart
- Chemistry Division Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA
| | - Michael F. Toney
- SSRL Materials Science Division SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park CA 94025 USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR) Lemont IL 60439 USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309 USA
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45
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Chen Z, Tang Y, Du X, Chen B, Lu G, Han X, Zhang Y, Yang W, Han P, Zhao J, Cui G. Anion Solvation Reconfiguration Enables High‐Voltage Carbonate Electrolytes for Stable Zn/Graphite Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Chen
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266101 China
| | - Yue Tang
- The Biodesign Institute and School of Molecular Sciences Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
| | - Xiaofan Du
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266101 China
| | - Bingbing Chen
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 210000 China
| | - Guoli Lu
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266101 China
| | - Xiaoqi Han
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266101 China
| | - Yaojian Zhang
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266101 China
| | - Wuhai Yang
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266101 China
| | - Pengxian Han
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266101 China
| | - Jingwen Zhao
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266101 China
| | - Guanglei Cui
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266101 China
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46
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Anion Solvation Reconfiguration Enables High‐Voltage Carbonate Electrolytes for Stable Zn/Graphite Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:21769-21777. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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47
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Xie S, Zhang B, Mao Y, He L, Hong K, Bates FS, Lodge TP. Influence of Added Salt on Chain Conformations in Poly(ethylene oxide) Melts: SANS Analysis with Complications. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yimin Mao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
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48
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Yang F, Sun W, Bai Y, Xu T, Cai K, Cai H, Sun K, Wang Z. Rational Design of Sandwich-Like “Gel–Liquid–Gel” Electrolytes for Dendrite-Free Lithium Metal Batteries. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c00254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Chemical Power Source and Green Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wang Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Chemical Power Source and Green Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Bai
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Chemical Power Source and Green Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianye Xu
- Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center of Supercapacitor, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kedi Cai
- Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center of Supercapacitor, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huiqun Cai
- Yinlong Energy Co., Ltd., No. 16 Jinhu Road, Sanzao Town, Jinwan District, Zhuhai 519000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kening Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Chemical Power Source and Green Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Chemical Power Source and Green Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
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49
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Widstrom MD, Ludwig KB, Matthews JE, Jarry A, Erdi M, Cresce AV, Rubloff G, Kofinas P. Enabling high performance all-solid-state lithium metal batteries using solid polymer electrolytes plasticized with ionic liquid. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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50
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Ushakova EE, Sergeev AV, Morzhukhin A, Napolskiy FS, Kristavchuk O, Chertovich AV, Yashina LV, Itkis DM. Free-standing Li +-conductive films based on PEO-PVDF blends. RSC Adv 2020; 10:16118-16124. [PMID: 35493665 PMCID: PMC9052884 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02325f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid electrolytes are of high interest for the development of advanced electrochemical energy storage devices with all-solid-state architectures. Here, we report the fabrication of the electrolyte membranes based on LiTFSI (LiN(CF3SO2)2) and PEO–PVDF blends with improved properties. We show that addition of PVDF enables preparation of free-standing films of the compositions within the so called “crystallinity gap” of the LiTFSI–PEO system known to provide high ion conductivity. We show that optimal PVDF content enables preparation of the films with reasonable elastic modulus and high ionic conductivity of about 0.3 mS cm−1 at 60 °C and about 0.1 mS cm−1 at room-temperature. Combining FTIR spectroscopy, XRD and DSC measurements we show that a noticeable fraction of PVDF remains crystalline and enhances the mechanical properties of the material, and at the same time it additionally promotes LiTFSI dissociation and disordering. Density functional theory calculations showed that the Li+–PEO–PVDF complexation energy magnitude is almost as high as that of Li–PEO complexes, thus the salt dissociation ability can be retained in spite of the introduction of the substantial amounts of PVDF required for mechanical stability. Addition of PVDF to LiTFSI–PEO solid electrolytes enables preparation of free-standing films with the compositions within the so called “crystallinity gap” of LiTFSI–PEO system. Such films possess ionic conductivity of about 0.3 mS cm−1 at 60 °C.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena E Ushakova
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Lab of Electrochemical Energy Conversion Kosygina str. 4 119991 Moscow Russia .,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry Leninskie gory 1, bld. 3 119991 Moscow Russia.,Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, FLNR 141980 Dubna Moscow region Russia
| | - Artem V Sergeev
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Lab of Electrochemical Energy Conversion Kosygina str. 4 119991 Moscow Russia .,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry Leninskie gory 1, bld. 3 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Artem Morzhukhin
- Dubna State University Universitetskaya 19 Dubna 141982 Moscow region Russia
| | - Filipp S Napolskiy
- Dubna State University Universitetskaya 19 Dubna 141982 Moscow region Russia
| | - Olga Kristavchuk
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, FLNR 141980 Dubna Moscow region Russia
| | - Alexander V Chertovich
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Lab of Electrochemical Energy Conversion Kosygina str. 4 119991 Moscow Russia .,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry Leninskie gory 1, bld. 3 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Lada V Yashina
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Lab of Electrochemical Energy Conversion Kosygina str. 4 119991 Moscow Russia .,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry Leninskie gory 1, bld. 3 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Daniil M Itkis
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Lab of Electrochemical Energy Conversion Kosygina str. 4 119991 Moscow Russia .,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry Leninskie gory 1, bld. 3 119991 Moscow Russia
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