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Dong R, Abazarikia A, Luan Y, Yu SY, Kim SY. Molecular Mechanisms Determining Mammalian Oocyte Quality with the Treatment of Cancer Therapy. ADVANCES IN ANATOMY, EMBRYOLOGY, AND CELL BIOLOGY 2024; 238:97-119. [PMID: 39030356 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55163-5_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a global public health issue and remains one of the leading causes of death in the United States (Siegel et al. CA Cancer J Clin. 72:7-33, 2022). It is estimated in the US in 2022, about 935,000 new cases of cancer will be diagnosed in women, and the probability of developing invasive cancer is 5.8% for females younger than 50 years old (Siegel et al. CA Cancer J Clin. 72:7-33, 2022). However, advances in screening programs, diagnostic methods, and therapeutic options have greatly increased the five-year survival rate in reproductive-age women with a variety of cancers. Given the clinical consequences of gonadotoxic cancer therapies, young, female cancer survivors may face compromised fertility, premature ovarian insufficiency, early-onset menopause, and endocrine dysregulation (Bedoschi et al. Future Oncol. 12:2333-44, 2016). Gonadotoxic side effects may include decreased oocyte quality within surviving follicles, loss of ovarian follicles, and impaired ovarian function. In reproductive-age women, oocyte quality is an important element for successful clinical pregnancies and healthy offspring as poor-quality oocytes may be a cause of infertility (McClam et al. Biol Reprod. 106:328-37, 2022; Marteil et al. Reprod Biol. 9:203-24, 2009; Krisher. J Anim Sci. 82: E14-E23, 2004). Thus, it is critical to determine the quantity and quality of surviving follicles in the ovary after cancer treatment and to assess oocyte quality within those surviving follicles as these are markers for determining the capacity for ovarian function restoration and future fertility, especially for young cancer survivors (Xu et al. Nat Med. 17:1562-3, 2011). The long-term effects of cancer therapeutics on oocyte quality are influenced by factors including, but not limited to, individual patient characteristics (e.g. age, health history, comorbidities, etc.), disease type, or treatment regimen (Marci et al. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 16:1-112, 2018). These effects may translate clinically into an impaired production of viable oocytes and compromised fertility (Garutti et al. ESMO Open. 6:100276, 2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- , Omaha, USA
| | - Amirhossein Abazarikia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- , Omaha, USA
| | - Yi Luan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- , Omaha, USA
| | - Seok-Yeong Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- , Omaha, USA
| | - So-Youn Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
- , Omaha, USA.
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Vann K, Weidner AE, Walczyk AC, Astapova O. Paxillin knockout in mouse granulosa cells increases fecundity†. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:669-683. [PMID: 37552051 PMCID: PMC10651069 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Paxillin is an intracellular adaptor protein involved in focal adhesions, cell response to stress, steroid signaling, and apoptosis in reproductive tissues. To investigate the role of paxillin in granulosa cells, we created a granulosa-specific paxillin knockout mouse model using Cre recombinase driven by the Anti-Müllerian hormone receptor 2 gene promoter. Female granulosa-specific paxillin knockout mice demonstrated increased fertility in later reproductive age, resulting in higher number of offspring when bred continuously up to 26 weeks of age. This was not due to increased numbers of estrous cycles, ovulated oocytes per cycle, or pups per litter, but this was due to shorter time to pregnancy and increased number of litters in the granulosa-specific paxillin knockout mice. The number of ovarian follicles was not significantly affected by the knockout at 30 weeks of age. Granulosa-specific paxillin knockout mice had slightly altered estrous cycles but no difference in circulating reproductive hormone levels. Knockout of paxillin using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) in human granulosa-derived immortalized KGN cells did not affect cell proliferation or migration. However, in cultured primary mouse granulosa cells, paxillin knockout reduced cell death under basal culture conditions. We conclude that paxillin knockout in granulosa cells increases female fecundity in older reproductive age mice, possibly by reducing granulosa cell death. This study implicates paxillin and its signaling network as potential granulosa cell targets in the management of age-related subfertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Vann
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Adelaide E Weidner
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Ariana C Walczyk
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Olga Astapova
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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3
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Esencan E, Beroukhim G, Seifer DB. Age-related changes in Folliculogenesis and potential modifiers to improve fertility outcomes - A narrative review. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2022; 20:156. [PMID: 36397149 PMCID: PMC9670479 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-022-01033-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproductive aging is characterized by a decline in oocyte quantity and quality, which is directly associated with a decline in reproductive potential, as well as poorer reproductive success and obstetrical outcomes. As women delay childbearing, understanding the mechanisms of ovarian aging and follicular depletion have become increasingly more relevant. Age-related meiotic errors in oocytes are well established. In addition, it is also important to understand how intraovarian regulators change with aging and how certain treatments can mitigate the impact of aging. Individual studies have demonstrated that reproductive pathways involving antimullerian hormone (AMH), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), neurotropins, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), and mitochondrial function are pivotal for healthy oocyte and cumulus cell development and are altered with increasing age. We provide a comprehensive review of these individual studies and explain how these factors change in oocytes, cumulus cells, and follicular fluid. We also summarize how modifiers of folliculogenesis, such as vitamin D, coenzyme Q, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) may be used to potentially overcome age-related changes and enhance fertility outcomes of aged follicles, as evidenced by human and rodent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ecem Esencan
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Gabriela Beroukhim
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - David B Seifer
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, New Haven, CT, USA
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4
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Han Y, Gao G, Li S, Xiao N, Zhang Y, Luo H. Development of an optimal protocol for isolation and purification of human granulosa cells in patients with different ovarian reserves. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:938. [PMID: 34335887 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to develop an accurate and reproducible method for isolation of granulosa cells (GCs) in patients with different ovarian reserves. The cells of healthy individuals and patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) were isolated using a modified two-step Percoll density gradient centrifugation. The cells of patients with poor ovarian response (POR) were isolated using a one-step method suitable for samples containing few cells. Cells extracted using these purification techniques were compared regarding cell yield, viability and purity using immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry, Cell Counting Kit-8, western blotting and RNA integrity analysis. The purity and activity of the cells in the POR group were comparable with those in the healthy and PCOS groups and no statistically significant differences were identified. Furthermore, isolated cells analyzed for RNA integrity indicated good quality RNA and presented an RNA integrity number of 8-10, demonstrating that the technique enabled the isolation of GCs from different types of patients. Thus, a reliable and reproducible technique for the isolation of pure GCs with high yield is described in the present study. This protocol provides an efficient method targeted to patients with different ovarian reserve functions that enables the preparation of GCs for evaluating their molecular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Han
- Department of Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
| | - Ge Gao
- Department of Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
| | - Nan Xiao
- Department of Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
| | - Yinfeng Zhang
- Department of Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
| | - Haining Luo
- Department of Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
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Bódis J, Sulyok E, Várnagy Á, Prémusz V, Gödöny K, Makai A, Szenczi Á, Varjas T. Expression of mRNAs for pro-and anti-apoptotic factors in granulosa cells and follicular fluid of women undergoing in vitro fertilization. A pilot study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021; 21:399. [PMID: 34030662 PMCID: PMC8142473 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-021-03834-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This observational clinical study evaluated the expression levels and predictive values of some apoptosis-related genes in granulosa cells (GCs) and follicular fluid (FF) of women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). Methods GCs and FF were obtained at oocyte retrieval from 31 consecutive patients with heterogeneous infertility diagnosis (age: 34.3 ± 5.8 years, body mass index: 24.02 ± 3.12 kg/m2, duration of infertility: 4.2 ± 2.1 years). mRNA expression of pro-apoptotic (BAX, CASP3, CASP8) and anti-apoptotic (BCL2, AMH, AMHR, FSHR, LHR, CYP19A1) factors was determined by quantitative RT-PCR using ROCHE LightCycler 480. Results No significant difference in GC or FF mRNA expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic factors could be demonstrated between IVF patients with (9 patients) or without (22 patients) clinical pregnancy. Each transcript investigated was detected in FF, but their levels were markedly reduced and independent of those in GCs. The number of retrieved oocytes was positively associated with GC AMHR (r = 0.393, p = 0.029), but the day of embryo transfer was negatively associated with GC LHR (r = − 0.414, p = 0.020) and GC FSHR transcripts (r = − 0.535, p = 0.002). When pregnancy positive group was analysed separately the impact of apoptosis- related gene expressions on some selected measures of IVF success could be observed. Strong positive relationship was found between gene expression levels of pro- and anti-apoptotic factors in GCs. Conclusion Our study provides only marginal evidences for the apoptosis dependence of IVF outcome and suggests that the apoptosis process induces adaptive increases of the anti-apoptotic gene expression to attenuate apoptosis and to protect cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- József Bódis
- ELKH-PTE Human Reproduction Scientific Research Group, University of Pécs, Édesanyák u. 17., Pécs, H-7624, Hungary
| | - Endre Sulyok
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Vörösmarty u. 4., Pécs, H-7621, Hungary.
| | - Ákos Várnagy
- ELKH-PTE Human Reproduction Scientific Research Group, University of Pécs, Édesanyák u. 17., Pécs, H-7624, Hungary.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Édesanyák u. 17., Pécs, H-7624, Hungary
| | - Viktória Prémusz
- ELKH-PTE Human Reproduction Scientific Research Group, University of Pécs, Édesanyák u. 17., Pécs, H-7624, Hungary.,Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Vörösmarty u. 4., Pécs, H-7621, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Gödöny
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Édesanyák u. 17., Pécs, H-7624, Hungary
| | - Alexandra Makai
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Vörösmarty u. 4., Pécs, H-7621, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Szenczi
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12., Pécs, H-7621, Hungary
| | - Timea Varjas
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12., Pécs, H-7621, Hungary
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Santoro N, Roeca C, Peters BA, Neal-Perry G. The Menopause Transition: Signs, Symptoms, and Management Options. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:1-15. [PMID: 33095879 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Menopause, the permanent cessation of menses, reflects oocyte depletion and loss of gonadal steroids. It is preceded by a transition state, the perimenopause, which is characterized by the gradual loss of oocytes, altered responsiveness to gonadal steroid feedback, wide hormonal fluctuations, and irregular menstrual patterns. The goal of this mini-review is to discuss the basic pathophysiology of the menopausal transition and the hormonal and nonhormonal management of clinicopathology attributed to it. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A Medline search of epidemiologic, population-based studies, and studies of reproductive physiology was conducted. A total of 758 publications were screened. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS The reproductive hormonal milieu of the menopausal transition precipitates bothersome vasomotor symptoms, mood disruption, temporary cognitive dysfunction, genitourinary symptoms, and other disease processes that reduce the quality of life of affected women. The endocrine tumult of the menopause transition also exposes racial and socioeconomic disparities in the onset, severity, and frequency of symptoms. Hormone therapy (HT) treatment can be effective for perimenopausal symptoms but its use has been stymied by concerns about health risks observed in postmenopausal HT users who are older than 60 and/or women who have been postmenopausal for greater than 10 years. CONCLUSIONS The menopause transition is a disruptive process that can last for over a decade and causes symptoms in a majority of women. It is important for clinicians to recognize early signs and symptoms of the transition and be prepared to offer treatment to mitigate these symptoms. Many safe and effective options, including HT, are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanette Santoro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Cassandra Roeca
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Brandilyn A Peters
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Genevieve Neal-Perry
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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7
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Hormonal Effects in Reproductive Technology with Focus on Diminished Ovarian Reserve. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020. [PMID: 32406026 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-38474-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Modern use of reproductive technologies has revolutionized the treatment of infertile couples. Strategies to improve ovarian function in cases of diminished ovarian reserve are perhaps the least understood area in this field and will be the chief focus of this chapter.
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Raad G, Bazzi M, Tanios J, Mourad Y, Azouri J, Azouri J, Fakih C. Optimization of The Cell Aggregates Method for Isolation and Purification of Human Granulosa Cells from Follicular Fluid. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2020; 13:339-345. [PMID: 31710196 PMCID: PMC6875859 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2020.5790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aspirated ovarian follicular fluids (FF) contain luteal granulosa cells (LGCs) and other contaminating cell types. Several strategies, such as the antibody binding methods, the flask method, the cell strainer and positive selection of granulosa aggregates after density gradient (DG) centrifugation, were tested as LGC purification methods. Each of these strategies has its own advantages and disadvantages. Positive selection of granulosa aggregates after DG centrifugation is simple, rapid and efficient in terms of LGC recovery. However, it results in a low purity. Here, we aimed to test whether modifying the traditional protocol by collecting the aggregates from the FF, before the DG centrifugation could decrease the percentage of contaminating cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present prospective study, 32 FF, from 32 women,were randomly assigned into one of the two purification techniques: positive selection of granulosa aggregates from the FF, after DG centrifugation (DG/ Agg, n=16) or positive selection of granulosa aggregates from the FF, before DG centrifugation (Agg/DG, n=16). At the end of each procedure cell count, vitality, morphology and purity of the cell suspension were evaluated. RESULTS No significant difference was detected in the total number of GCs between DG/Agg and Agg/DG (P>0.05). However, higher percentage of GCs with normal morphology was detected in Agg/DG compared to DG/Agg (P<0.001). Moreover, lower percentages of white blood cells (P<0.01), red blood cells (P<0.001) and epithelial cells (P<0.01) were identified in Agg/DG compared to DG/Agg. CONCLUSION Here we showed that positive selection of granulosa aggregates from the FF prior to DG technique had a higher purity compared to the traditional protocol. Thus, it could be a method of choice to prepare GCs for research purposes in clinical in vitro fertilization settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges Raad
- Azoury IVF Clinic, Mount Lebanon Hospital, Camille Chamoun Bvd, Beirut, Lebanon. Electronic Address:
| | - Marwa Bazzi
- Al-Hadi Laboratory and Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Judy Tanios
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences, Section II, Fanar, Lebanon and Azoury IVF Clinic, Mount Lebanon Hospital, Camille Chamoun Bvd, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Youmna Mourad
- Al-Hadi Laboratory and Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Joan Azouri
- OB-GYN Department, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, Virginia
| | - Joseph Azouri
- Azoury IVF Clinic, Mount Lebanon Hospital, Camille Chamoun Bvd, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Chadi Fakih
- Al-Hadi Laboratory and Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
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9
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Batnasan E, Xie S, Zhang Q, Li Y. Observation of Parthanatos Involvement in Diminished Ovarian Reserve Patients and Melatonin's Protective Function Through Inhibiting ADP-Ribose (PAR) Expression and Preventing AIF Translocation into the Nucleus. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:75-86. [PMID: 32046374 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-019-00005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) is characterized by the depletion of the ovarian pool, which leads to reductions in oocyte quality and quantity. Studies have suggested that ovarian reserve or ovarian aging is tightly related to apoptosis. However, the cell death mechanism is not comprehensively understood. Parthanatos, a type of poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1(PARP1)-dependent and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF)-mediated cell death, plays a crucial role in various disorders. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether parthanatos is involved in the pathogenesis of DOR. We recruited 40 patients (20 DOR patients and 20 normal ovarian reserve (NOR) patients) and examined PAR expression and AIF translocation in their isolated cumulus GCs (granulosa cells) by fluorescence microscopy. Our results demonstrated that PAR expression and AIF nuclear translocation were significantly higher in cumulus GCs of DOR patients, suggesting that PARP1-dependent cell death may be associated with DOR pathophysiology. Moreover, we tested the protective function of melatonin on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced parthanatos in human ovarian cancer (IGROV1) cells. Our results demonstrated that H2O2 treatment of IGROV1 cells led to excessive protein PARylation and AIF translocation into the nuclei. Melatonin effectively inhibits PARylation, blocks translocation of AIF into the nucleus, and consequently decreases the risk of parthanatos in cumulus GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enkhzaya Batnasan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center for Women's Reproductive Health in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi Xie
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center for Women's Reproductive Health in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center for Women's Reproductive Health in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China. .,Clinical Research Center for Women's Reproductive Health in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Almeida CP, Ferreira MC, Silveira CO, Campos JR, Borges IT, Baeta PG, Silva FH, Reis FM, Del Puerto HL. Clinical correlation of apoptosis in human granulosa cells-A review. Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:1276-1281. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Camila P. Almeida
- Department of General Pathology; Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Márcia C.F. Ferreira
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Camila O. Silveira
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Jacira R. Campos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Isabella T. Borges
- Department of General Pathology; Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Pedro G. Baeta
- Department of General Pathology; Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Felipe H.S. Silva
- Department of General Pathology; Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Fernando M. Reis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Helen L. Del Puerto
- Department of General Pathology; Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Minas Gerais Brazil
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11
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Regan SLP, Knight PG, Yovich JL, Stanger JD, Leung Y, Arfuso F, Almahbobi G, Dharmarajan A. The effect of ovarian reserve and receptor signalling on granulosa cell apoptosis during human follicle development. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 470:219-227. [PMID: 29113831 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The poor oocyte quality in older women has previously been linked to the depletion of the ovarian reserve of primordial follicles and an increase in granulosal apoptosis. Granulosa cells were collected from 198 follicles and individually analysed by flow cytometry. In the young IVF patients, the level of apoptosis was inversely proportional to the expression of bone morphogenetic protein (BMPR1B) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) receptors. Conversely, in the older patients this relationship became dysregulated. In the older patients, at the time of preovulatory maturation, the reduced apoptosis reflects the poor mitogenic growth turnover rate of healthy follicles rather than the death rate in an atretic follicle. Restoring an optimum receptor density and down-regulation of receptors may improve oocyte quality and the pregnancy rate in older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheena L P Regan
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
| | - Phil G Knight
- School of Biological Sciences, Hopkins Building, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6UB, UK
| | | | | | - Yee Leung
- Western Australian Gynaecologic Cancer Service, King Edward Memorial Hospital for Women, Perth, Australia
| | - Frank Arfuso
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Ghanim Almahbobi
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Arun Dharmarajan
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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12
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Regan SLP, Knight PG, Yovich JL, Leung Y, Arfuso F, Dharmarajan A. Granulosa Cell Apoptosis in the Ovarian Follicle-A Changing View. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:61. [PMID: 29551992 PMCID: PMC5840209 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies challenge the previous view that apoptosis within the granulosa cells of the maturing ovarian follicle is a reflection of aging and consequently a marker for poor quality of the contained oocyte. On the contrary, apoptosis within the granulosa cells is an integral part of normal development and has limited predictive capability regarding oocyte quality or the ensuing pregnancy rate in in vitro fertilization programs. This review article covers our revised understanding of the process of apoptosis within the ovarian follicle, its three phenotypes, the major signaling pathways underlying apoptosis as well as the associated mitochondrial pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheena L. P. Regan
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Sheena L. P. Regan,
| | - Phil G. Knight
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - John L. Yovich
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- PIVET Medical Centre, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Yee Leung
- Western Australian Gynaecologic Cancer Service, King Edward Memorial Hospital for Women, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Frank Arfuso
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Arun Dharmarajan
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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13
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Santoro N, Crawford SL, El Khoudary SR, Allshouse AA, Burnett-Bowie SA, Finkelstein J, Derby C, Matthews K, Kravitz HM, Harlow SD, Greendale GA, Gold EB, Kazlauskaite R, McConnell D, Neal-Perry G, Pavlovic J, Randolph J, Weiss G, Chen HY, Lasley B. Menstrual Cycle Hormone Changes in Women Traversing Menopause: Study of Women's Health Across the Nation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2017; 102:2218-2229. [PMID: 28368525 PMCID: PMC5505186 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-4017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Menstrual cycle hormone patterns in women approaching menopause are inadequately studied. OBJECTIVE To describe day-to-day menstrual cycle hormones in women as they approach menopause from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation Daily Hormone Study (DHS). DESIGN DHS enrollees collected daily urine for one entire menstrual cycle or up to 50 days, whichever came first, annually, up to the final menstrual period (FMP) or for up to 10 years. SETTING Seven sites across the United States. PARTICIPANTS A total of 511 premenopausal or early perimenopausal women at enrollment, within 10 years before menopause. INTERVENTION Time-to-FMP measurement. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Evidence of luteal activity (ELA), determined using objective algorithms. Menstrual cycle/segment length; whole cycle, and segment integrated urinary luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, estrone conjugates, and pregnanediol glucuronide (Pdg) for each year, organized around the FMP. RESULTS Mean menstrual cycle length was remarkably preserved at 26 to 27 days in ELA cycles; non-ELA cycles had greater variability. The percentage of cycles that were ELA remained high until 5 years before the FMP (87.9%); only 22.8% of cycles within 1 year of the FMP were ELA. Whole cycle hormones remained relatively stable up to 3 years before the FMP, when gonadotropins began to increase. Pdg excretion declined slowly with progress to the FMP, but Pdg patterns of ELA cycles remained distinguishable from non-ELA. CONCLUSIONS Menstrual cycle hormone patterns in perimenopausal women resemble those of midreproductive-aged women until 5 years before menopause, and presumably ovulatory cycles retain a potentially fertile pattern up to the end of reproductive life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanette Santoro
- Department of Ob/Gyn, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Sybil L. Crawford
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655
| | - Samar R. El Khoudary
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Amanda A. Allshouse
- Department of Ob/Gyn, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | | | - Joel Finkelstein
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
| | - Carol Derby
- Departments of Neurology and Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York 10461
| | - Karen Matthews
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Howard M. Kravitz
- Departments of Psychiatry and Preventive Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Sioban D. Harlow
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5624
| | - Gail A. Greendale
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Ellen B. Gold
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis Health, Davis, California 95817
| | - Rasa Kazlauskaite
- Departments of Psychiatry and Preventive Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Dan McConnell
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5624
| | | | - Jelena Pavlovic
- Departments of Neurology and Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York 10461
| | - John Randolph
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5624
| | - Gerson Weiss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Hsiang-Yu Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Bill Lasley
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis Health, Davis, California 95817
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14
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He X, Wang SY, Yin CH, Wang T, Jia CW, Ma YM. Hydrogen-rich Water Exerting a Protective Effect on Ovarian Reserve Function in a Mouse Model of Immune Premature Ovarian Failure Induced by Zona Pellucida 3. Chin Med J (Engl) 2017; 129:2331-7. [PMID: 27647193 PMCID: PMC5040020 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.190668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a disease that affects female fertility but has few effective treatments. Ovarian reserve function plays an important role in female fertility. Recent studies have reported that hydrogen can protect male fertility. Therefore, we explored the potential protective effect of hydrogen-rich water on ovarian reserve function through a mouse immune POF model. Methods: To set up immune POF model, fifty female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups: Control (mice consumed normal water, n = 10), hydrogen (mice consumed hydrogen-rich water, n = 10), model (mice were immunized with zona pellucida glycoprotein 3 [ZP3] and consumed normal water, n = 15), and model-hydrogen (mice were immunized with ZP3 and consumed hydrogen-rich water, n = 15) groups. After 5 weeks, mice were sacrificed. Serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels, granulosa cell (GC) apoptotic index (AI), B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and BCL2-associated X protein (Bax) expression were examined. Analyses were performed using SPSS 17.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) software. Results: Immune POF model, model group exhibited markedly reduced serum AMH levels compared with those of the control group (5.41 ± 0.91 ng/ml vs. 16.23 ± 1.97 ng/ml, P = 0.033) and the hydrogen group (19.65 ± 7.82 ng/ml, P = 0.006). The model-hydrogen group displayed significantly higher AMH concentrations compared with that of the model group (15.03 ± 2.75 ng/ml vs. 5.41 ± 0.91 ng/ml, P = 0.021). The GC AI was significantly higher in the model group (21.30 ± 1.74%) than those in the control (7.06 ± 0.27%), hydrogen (5.17 ± 0.41%), and model-hydrogen groups (11.24 ± 0.58%) (all P < 0.001). The GC AI was significantly higher in the model-hydrogen group compared with that of the hydrogen group (11.24 ± 0.58% vs. 5.17 ± 0.41%, P = 0.021). Compared with those of the model group, ovarian tissue Bcl-2 levels increased (2.18 ± 0.30 vs. 3.01 ± 0.33, P = 0.045) and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio decreased in the model-hydrogen group. Conclusions: Hydrogen-rich water may improve serum AMH levels and reduce ovarian GC apoptosis in a mouse immune POF model induced by ZP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin He
- Reproductive Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Shu-Yu Wang
- Reproductive Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Cheng-Hong Yin
- Reproductive Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Reproductive Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Chan-Wei Jia
- Reproductive Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Yan-Min Ma
- Reproductive Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
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15
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Guan Y, Zhang W, Wang X, Cai P, Jia Q, Zhao W. Cell-free DNA induced apoptosis of granulosa cells by oxidative stress. Clin Chim Acta 2016; 473:213-217. [PMID: 27884753 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2016.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell-free DNA is a DNA fragment that is produced by cell apoptosis which can affect the micro-environment of cell apoptosis. The levels of Cell-free DNA have been associated with successful rate of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) and embryonic development. Our aim is to determine the relationship between cell-free DNA and embryo quality. The mechanisms of cell-free DNA in granulose and the apoptosis will be determined also. METHODS The study enrolled patients who were undergone IVF for the first time and grouped the patients as pregnant (n=130) and non-pregnant (n=59). The relationship was determined by statistical analysis between the levels of cell-free DNA in the follicular fluid and clinical data of IVF patients. Flow cytometry was done to detect the rate of granulosa cell apoptosis and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. Western blotting and fluorescent quantitative PCR detected the apoptosis-related gene expressions. RESULTS Clinical data statistics showed that cell-free DNA levels were positively correlated with granulosa cell apoptosis and negatively correlated with embryo quality and pregnancy rates. High levels of cell-free DNA lead to increased ROS in granulosa cells and activated caspase through Fas/FasL that induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION High levels of cell-free DNA triggers granulosa cell apoptosis and influences oocyte maturation embryo development and pregnancy rates in IVF treatments. Cell-free DNA can be as a secondary criteria and predictive marker for the quality control of IVF embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichun Guan
- Reproduction Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of ZhengZhou University, Henan, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Reproduction Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of ZhengZhou University, Henan, China
| | - Xingling Wang
- Reproduction Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of ZhengZhou University, Henan, China.
| | - Pengfei Cai
- Reproduction Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of ZhengZhou University, Henan, China
| | - Qi Jia
- Reproduction Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of ZhengZhou University, Henan, China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- Reproduction Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of ZhengZhou University, Henan, China
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16
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Shaw ND, Srouji SS, Welt CK, Cox KH, Fox JH, Adams JA, Sluss PM, Hall JE. Compensatory Increase in Ovarian Aromatase in Older Regularly Cycling Women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100:3539-47. [PMID: 26126208 PMCID: PMC4570155 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2015-2191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Serum estradiol (E2) levels are preserved in older reproductive-aged women with regular menstrual cycles despite declining ovarian function. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to determine whether increased granulosa cell aromatase expression and activity account for preservation of E2 levels in older, regularly cycling women. DESIGN The protocol included daily blood sampling and dominant follicle aspirations at an academic medical center during a natural menstrual cycle. SUBJECTS Healthy, regularly cycling older (36-45 y; n = 13) and younger (22-34 y; n = 14) women participated in the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Hormone levels were measured in peripheral blood and follicular fluid aspirates and granulosa cell CYP19A1 (aromatase) and FSH-R mRNA expression were determined. RESULTS Older women had higher FSH levels than younger women during the early follicular phase with similar E2 but lower inhibin B and antimullerian hormone levels. Late follicular phase serum E2 did not differ between the two groups. Follicular fluid E2 [older (O) = 960.0 [interquartile range (IQR) 765.0-1419.0]; younger (Y) = 994.5 [647.3-1426.5] ng/mL, P = 1.0], estrone (O = 39.6 [29.5-54.1]; Y = 28.8 [22.5-42.1] ng/mL, P = 0.3), and the E2 to testosterone (T) ratio (O = 109.0 ± 41.9; Y = 83.0 ± 18.6, P = .50) were preserved in older women. Granulosa cell CYP19A1 expression was increased 3-fold in older compared with younger women (P < .001), with no difference in FSH-R expression. CONCLUSIONS Ovarian aromatase expression increases with age in regularly cycling women. Thus, up-regulation of aromatase activity appears to compensate for the known age-related decrease in granulosa cell number in the dominant follicle to maintain ovarian estrogen production in older premenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- N D Shaw
- Reproductive Endocrine Unit (N.D.S., S.S.S., C.K.W., K.H.C., J.A.A., P.M.S., J.E.H.), Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114; Division of Endocrinology (N.D.S.), Children's Hospital Boston, and Center for Infertility and Reproductive Surgery (S.S.S., J.H.F.), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - S S Srouji
- Reproductive Endocrine Unit (N.D.S., S.S.S., C.K.W., K.H.C., J.A.A., P.M.S., J.E.H.), Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114; Division of Endocrinology (N.D.S.), Children's Hospital Boston, and Center for Infertility and Reproductive Surgery (S.S.S., J.H.F.), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - C K Welt
- Reproductive Endocrine Unit (N.D.S., S.S.S., C.K.W., K.H.C., J.A.A., P.M.S., J.E.H.), Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114; Division of Endocrinology (N.D.S.), Children's Hospital Boston, and Center for Infertility and Reproductive Surgery (S.S.S., J.H.F.), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - K H Cox
- Reproductive Endocrine Unit (N.D.S., S.S.S., C.K.W., K.H.C., J.A.A., P.M.S., J.E.H.), Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114; Division of Endocrinology (N.D.S.), Children's Hospital Boston, and Center for Infertility and Reproductive Surgery (S.S.S., J.H.F.), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - J H Fox
- Reproductive Endocrine Unit (N.D.S., S.S.S., C.K.W., K.H.C., J.A.A., P.M.S., J.E.H.), Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114; Division of Endocrinology (N.D.S.), Children's Hospital Boston, and Center for Infertility and Reproductive Surgery (S.S.S., J.H.F.), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - J A Adams
- Reproductive Endocrine Unit (N.D.S., S.S.S., C.K.W., K.H.C., J.A.A., P.M.S., J.E.H.), Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114; Division of Endocrinology (N.D.S.), Children's Hospital Boston, and Center for Infertility and Reproductive Surgery (S.S.S., J.H.F.), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - P M Sluss
- Reproductive Endocrine Unit (N.D.S., S.S.S., C.K.W., K.H.C., J.A.A., P.M.S., J.E.H.), Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114; Division of Endocrinology (N.D.S.), Children's Hospital Boston, and Center for Infertility and Reproductive Surgery (S.S.S., J.H.F.), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - J E Hall
- Reproductive Endocrine Unit (N.D.S., S.S.S., C.K.W., K.H.C., J.A.A., P.M.S., J.E.H.), Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114; Division of Endocrinology (N.D.S.), Children's Hospital Boston, and Center for Infertility and Reproductive Surgery (S.S.S., J.H.F.), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
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17
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Wu YG, Barad DH, Kushnir VA, Lazzaroni E, Wang Q, Albertini DF, Gleicher N. Aging-related premature luteinization of granulosa cells is avoided by early oocyte retrieval. J Endocrinol 2015; 226:167-80. [PMID: 26264981 DOI: 10.1530/joe-15-0246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Why IVF pregnancy rates decline sharply after age 43 is unknown. In this study, we compared granulosa cell (GC) function in young oocyte donors (n=31, ages 21-29), middle-aged (n=64, ages 30-37) and older infertile patients (n=41, ages 43-47). Gene expressions related to gonadotropin activity, steroidogenesis, apoptosis and luteinization were examined by real-time PCR and western blot in GCs collected from follicular fluid. FSH receptor (FSHR), aromatase (CYP19A1) and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD17B) expression were found down regulated with advancing age, while LH receptor (LHCGR), P450scc (CYP11A1) and progesterone receptor (PGR) were up regulated. Upon in vitro culture, GCs were found to exhibit lower proliferation and increased apoptosis with aging. While FSH supplementation stimulated GCs growth and prevented luteinization in vitro. These observations demonstrate age-related functional declines in GCs, consistent with premature luteinization. To avoid premature luteinization in women above age 43, we advanced oocyte retrieval by administering human chorionic gonadotropin at maximal leading follicle size of 16 mm (routine 19-21 mm). Compared to normal cycles in women of similar age, earlier retrieved patients demonstrated only a marginal increase in oocyte prematurity, yet exhibited improved embryo numbers as well as quality and respectable clinical pregnancy rates. Premature follicular luteinization appears to contribute to rapidly declining IVF pregnancy chances after age 43, and can be avoided by earlier oocyte retrieval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Guang Wu
- The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR)21 East 69th Street, New York, New York 10021, USAFoundation for Reproductive MedicineNew York, New York 10021, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyWake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27106, USADepartment of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USAStem Cell Biology and Molecular Embryology LaboratoryThe Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - David H Barad
- The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR)21 East 69th Street, New York, New York 10021, USAFoundation for Reproductive MedicineNew York, New York 10021, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyWake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27106, USADepartment of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USAStem Cell Biology and Molecular Embryology LaboratoryThe Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR)21 East 69th Street, New York, New York 10021, USAFoundation for Reproductive MedicineNew York, New York 10021, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyWake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27106, USADepartment of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USAStem Cell Biology and Molecular Embryology LaboratoryThe Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR)21 East 69th Street, New York, New York 10021, USAFoundation for Reproductive MedicineNew York, New York 10021, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyWake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27106, USADepartment of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USAStem Cell Biology and Molecular Embryology LaboratoryThe Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Vitaly A Kushnir
- The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR)21 East 69th Street, New York, New York 10021, USAFoundation for Reproductive MedicineNew York, New York 10021, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyWake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27106, USADepartment of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USAStem Cell Biology and Molecular Embryology LaboratoryThe Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR)21 East 69th Street, New York, New York 10021, USAFoundation for Reproductive MedicineNew York, New York 10021, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyWake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27106, USADepartment of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USAStem Cell Biology and Molecular Embryology LaboratoryThe Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Emanuela Lazzaroni
- The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR)21 East 69th Street, New York, New York 10021, USAFoundation for Reproductive MedicineNew York, New York 10021, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyWake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27106, USADepartment of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USAStem Cell Biology and Molecular Embryology LaboratoryThe Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Qi Wang
- The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR)21 East 69th Street, New York, New York 10021, USAFoundation for Reproductive MedicineNew York, New York 10021, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyWake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27106, USADepartment of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USAStem Cell Biology and Molecular Embryology LaboratoryThe Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - David F Albertini
- The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR)21 East 69th Street, New York, New York 10021, USAFoundation for Reproductive MedicineNew York, New York 10021, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyWake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27106, USADepartment of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USAStem Cell Biology and Molecular Embryology LaboratoryThe Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR)21 East 69th Street, New York, New York 10021, USAFoundation for Reproductive MedicineNew York, New York 10021, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyWake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27106, USADepartment of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USAStem Cell Biology and Molecular Embryology LaboratoryThe Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Norbert Gleicher
- The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR)21 East 69th Street, New York, New York 10021, USAFoundation for Reproductive MedicineNew York, New York 10021, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyWake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27106, USADepartment of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USAStem Cell Biology and Molecular Embryology LaboratoryThe Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR)21 East 69th Street, New York, New York 10021, USAFoundation for Reproductive MedicineNew York, New York 10021, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyWake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27106, USADepartment of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USAStem Cell Biology and Molecular Embryology LaboratoryThe Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA The Center for Human Reproduction (CHR)21 East 69th Street, New York, New York 10021, USAFoundation for Reproductive MedicineNew York, New York 10021, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyWake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27106, USADepartment of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USAStem Cell Biology and Molecular Embryology LaboratoryThe Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
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18
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Traver S, Scalici E, Mullet T, Molinari N, Vincens C, Anahory T, Hamamah S. Cell-free DNA in Human Follicular Microenvironment: New Prognostic Biomarker to Predict in vitro Fertilization Outcomes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136172. [PMID: 26288130 PMCID: PMC4545729 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fragments, detected in blood and in other biological fluids, are released from apoptotic and/or necrotic cells. CfDNA is currently used as biomarker for the detection of many diseases such as some cancers and gynecological and obstetrics disorders. In this study, we investigated if cfDNA levels in follicular fluid (FF) samples from in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients, could be related to their ovarian reserve status, controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) protocols and IVF outcomes. Therefore, 117 FF samples were collected from women (n = 117) undergoing IVF/Intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) procedure and cfDNA concentration was quantified by ALU-quantitative PCR. We found that cfDNA level was significantly higher in FF samples from patients with ovarian reserve disorders (low functional ovarian reserve or polycystic ovary syndrome) than from patients with normal ovarian reserve (2.7 ± 2.7 ng/μl versus 1.7 ± 2.3 ng/μl, respectively, p = 0.03). Likewise, FF cfDNA levels were significant more elevated in women who received long ovarian stimulation (> 10 days) or high total dose of gonadotropins (≥ 3000 IU/l) than in women who received short stimulation duration (7–10 days) or total dose of gonadotropins < 3000 IU/l (2.4 ± 2.8 ng/μl versus 1.5 ± 1.9 ng/μl, p = 0.008; 2.2 ± 2.3 ng/μl versus 1.5 ± 2.1 ng/μl, p = 0.01, respectively). Finally, FF cfDNA level was an independent and significant predictive factor for pregnancy outcome (adjusted odds ratio = 0.69 [0.5; 0.96], p = 0.03). In multivariate analysis, the Receiving Operator Curve (ROC) analysis showed that the performance of FF cfDNA in predicting clinical pregnancy reached 0.73 [0.66–0.87] with 88% specificity and 60% sensitivity. CfDNA might constitute a promising biomarker of follicular micro-environment quality which could be used to predict IVF prognosis and to enhance female infertility management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Traver
- CHU Montpellier, INSERM U1203, Saint-Eloi Hospital, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France
| | - Elodie Scalici
- CHU Montpellier, INSERM U1203, Saint-Eloi Hospital, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France
- Montpellier 1 University, UFR of Medicine, Montpellier, France
- ART-PGD Department, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Tiffany Mullet
- Montpellier 1 University, UFR of Medicine, Montpellier, France
- ART-PGD Department, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Claire Vincens
- ART-PGD Department, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Tal Anahory
- ART-PGD Department, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Samir Hamamah
- CHU Montpellier, INSERM U1203, Saint-Eloi Hospital, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France
- Montpellier 1 University, UFR of Medicine, Montpellier, France
- ART-PGD Department, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
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Tanriverdi G, Denir S, Ayla S, Bilir A, Oktar H, Cepni I, Irez T. Notch signaling pathway in cumulus cells can be a novel marker to identify poor and normal responder IVF patients. J Assist Reprod Genet 2013; 30:1319-26. [PMID: 23922013 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-013-0072-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify expression of Notch signaling proteins and its ligands in human cumulus cells which were obtained by follicle aspiration and to compare the differences of this protein expression between the normal and poor responder patients. METHODS 47 patients who applied to the assisted reproductive treatments with various infertility problems were included to the study. Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation was performed by using GnRH agonist and gonadotropins. Serum hormon levels were measured by using Chemilluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay method for each patient. After ultrasonographic ovarian follicle screening, oocytes were retrievaled. Cumulus cells obtained from the follicles were cultured for 72 h and immunuhistochemistry were performed for Notch1, Notch2, Notch3, Notch4, Jagged1 and Jagged2 proteins. Histological score (HSCORE) were applied to all of the samples. The association between Notch and its ligands protein expressions and the oocyte-embryo quality and fertilization rates were investigated. RESULTS Significant differences were observed between the mean values of age, AMH and FSH in the 2 groups, respectively (p < 0.05). However, the mean female infertility duration and total gonadotropin dose did not differ significantly between normal and poor responder groups. All the patients cumulus cells expressed Notch1, Notch2, Notch3, Notch4, Jagged1 and Jagged2. There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) only for Notch2 between the 2 groups and a positive correlation between Notch2 and Notch3 (r = 547, p = 0.00) expressions were noted. Furthermore, no correlations were observed between the following: Notch1, Notch2, Notch3, Notch4, Jagged1, and Jagged2 expression; mature oocyte number; fertilization rates, and embryo quality percentage in both of the groups. CONCLUSION Notch signalling proteins can be an indicator for understanding the ovarian response in ovulation induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Tanriverdi
- Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Histology and Embryology Department, Istanbul University, 34098 , Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey,
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Saito N, Yamashita Y, Ono Y, Higuchi Y, Hayashi A, Yoshida Y, Yamamoto H, Kawabe S, Kamada M, Terai Y, Ohmichi M. Difference in mitochondrial gene expression in granulosa cells between recombinant FSH and hMG cycles under in vitro fertilization and transfer. Reprod Med Biol 2013; 12:99-104. [PMID: 29699136 DOI: 10.1007/s12522-013-0147-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2012] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Examination of the mitochondrial mRNA expression in granulosa cells from an unspecified population of infertile patients to evaluate whether recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (recFSH) is more effective in producing higher quality embryo rates compared with human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG). Method Thirty-nine patients who underwent the in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer program were retrospectively examined. Patients were administered recFSH (n = 18) or hMG (n = 20) in a long protocol where GnRH agonist was used. Granulosa cells were obtained during oocyte retrieval and examined for mitochondria mRNA expression ratio against GAPDH. Expressions of mitochondria mRNA were evaluated by real-time PCR analysis. Results The high-quality embryo rate in the hMG cycle was higher than in the recFSH cycle, and the total dose of hMG showed a positive correlation with the expression level of mitochondrial genes in granulosa cells. Moreover, mitochondria mRNA expression was higher in the hMG cycle than in the recFSH cycle. Conclusions Compared with recFSH, hMG induces a higher mitochondrial gene expression ratio in granulosa cells at the time of oocyte retrieval and, therefore, may lead to higher quality embryo rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuho Saito
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Osaka Medical College 2-7 Daigakumachi 569-8686 Takatsuki Osaka Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yamashita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Osaka Medical College 2-7 Daigakumachi 569-8686 Takatsuki Osaka Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ono
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Osaka Medical College 2-7 Daigakumachi 569-8686 Takatsuki Osaka Japan
| | - Yoko Higuchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Osaka Medical College 2-7 Daigakumachi 569-8686 Takatsuki Osaka Japan
| | - Atsushi Hayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Osaka Medical College 2-7 Daigakumachi 569-8686 Takatsuki Osaka Japan
| | - Yoko Yoshida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Osaka Medical College 2-7 Daigakumachi 569-8686 Takatsuki Osaka Japan
| | - Hikaru Yamamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Osaka Medical College 2-7 Daigakumachi 569-8686 Takatsuki Osaka Japan
| | - Sachiko Kawabe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Osaka Medical College 2-7 Daigakumachi 569-8686 Takatsuki Osaka Japan
| | - Mika Kamada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Osaka Medical College 2-7 Daigakumachi 569-8686 Takatsuki Osaka Japan
| | - Yoshito Terai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Osaka Medical College 2-7 Daigakumachi 569-8686 Takatsuki Osaka Japan
| | - Masahide Ohmichi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Osaka Medical College 2-7 Daigakumachi 569-8686 Takatsuki Osaka Japan
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Why we may abandon basal follicle-stimulating hormone testing: a sea change in determining ovarian reserve using antimüllerian hormone. Fertil Steril 2013; 99:1825-30. [PMID: 23548941 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Antimüllerian hormone is the most informative serum marker of ovarian reserve currently available and should be considered an important part of any contemporary reproductive medicine practice. It is both more convenient and informative than basal FSH and can be assessed at any point in the cycle. It is the most useful serum method of determining ovarian reserve, which guides pretreatment counseling, choice of infertility treatment, and avoidance of ovarian hyperstimulation. The future role of basal FSH testing is in doubt.
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Karuputhula NB, Chattopadhyay R, Chakravarty B, Chaudhury K. Oxidative status in granulosa cells of infertile women undergoing IVF. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2013; 59:91-8. [PMID: 23278116 DOI: 10.3109/19396368.2012.743197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Studies on elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in granulosa cells (GC) and its subsequent effect on fertilization are limited. Oxidative stress (OS) mediated alterations in GC of infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer (ET) was investigated. GC were obtained from 28 women with endometriosis (Group A), 26 women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) (Group B), and 32 women with tubal factor infertility (Group C). GC characteristics including cell count, viability, morphology and number of oocytes retrieved, and oocyte quality were assessed. OS parameters such as ROS, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and DNA fragmentation were also studied and IVF outcome parameters assessed. An ∼20 fold increase in GC ROS generation was observed in Group B as compared to Group C. Though not as high as Group B, Group A also showed significantly high ROS levels compared with Group C. More than 100-fold decrease in MMP in Group B compared with Group C was observed. A similar trend was observed in Group A, where MMP decreased 7 fold. Significant apoptosis was evident in Groups A and B supported by depolarization of MMP and significant increase in DNA damage. IVF outcome parameters including fertilization rate, good quality embryo formation rate, and pregnancy outcome were adversely affected in Group B. It is hypothesized that ∼20 fold increase in ROS generation in GC of PCOS women plays an adverse role in affecting the IVF success rate. It was of note that the IVF outcome parameters of women with endometriosis were not affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narendra Babu Karuputhula
- School of Medical Science and Technology SMST, Indian Institute of Technology IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
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23
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Peluso JJ, Lodde V, Liu X. Progesterone regulation of progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1) sumoylation and transcriptional activity in spontaneously immortalized granulosa cells. Endocrinology 2012; 153:3929-39. [PMID: 22719051 PMCID: PMC3404343 DOI: 10.1210/en.2011-2096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Progesterone (P4) receptor membrane component (PGRMC)1 is detected as a 22-kDa band as well as higher molecular mass bands (>50 kDa) in spontaneously immortalized granulosa cells. That these higher molecular mass bands represent PGRMC1 is supported by the findings that they are not detected when either the primary antibody is omitted or the PGRMC1 antibody is preabsorbed with recombinant PGRMC1. Some but not most of the higher molecular mass bands are due to oligomerization. At least one of the higher molecular mass bands is sumoylated, because PGRMC1 coimmunoprecipitates with small ubiquitin-like modifier protein-1. Moreover, in situ proximity ligation assays reveal a direct interaction between PGRMC1 and small ubiquitin-like modifier protein-1. This interaction is increased by P4. Finally, the higher molecular mass forms of PGRMC1 localize to the nucleus. An analysis of transcription factor activity demonstrates that P4 suppresses T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (Tcf/Lef) activity through a PGRMC1-dependent mechanism, because treatment with PGRMC1 small interfering RNA depletes PGRMC1 levels and attenuates P4's effects on Tcf/Lef activity. In addition, transfection of a PGRMC1-Flag fusion protein enhances basal Tcf/Lef activity, which is suppressed by P4 treatment. Conversely, transfection of a PGRMC1-Flag protein in which all the sumoylation sites are mutated increases basal Tcf/Lef activity but attenuates P4's ability to suppress Tcf/Lef activity. Therefore, the ability to suppress Tcf/Lef activity is likely an essential part of the mechanism through which P4 activation of PGRMC1 regulates the gene cascades that control granulosa cell function with this action being dependent in part on the sumoylation status of PGRMC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Peluso
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA.
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24
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May-Panloup P, Ferré-L'Hôtellier V, Morinière C, Marcaillou C, Lemerle S, Malinge MC, Coutolleau A, Lucas N, Reynier P, Descamps P, Guardiola P. Molecular characterization of corona radiata cells from patients with diminished ovarian reserve using microarray and microfluidic-based gene expression profiling. Hum Reprod 2012; 27:829-43. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/der431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Lefèvre B. [Follicular atresia: Its features as predictive markers for the outcome of assisted reproduction]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 39:58-62. [PMID: 21227730 DOI: 10.1016/j.gyobfe.2010.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 11/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian ovary is an extremely dynamic organ in which excessive or defective follicles are rapidly and effectively eliminated continuously throughout reproductive life. More than 99 % of follicles disappear, due to apoptosis of granulosa cells, and only one or few of the surviving follicles successfully complete the path to ovulation. The balance between signals for cell death and survival determines the destiny of the follicles. In this review, we provide a short overview of the role of programmed cell death essentially in adult folliculogenesis. We highlight molecules involved in regulation of granulosa cell apoptosis. We further discuss the potential use of scores for apoptosis in granulosa cells and characteristics of follicular fluid as prognostic markers for predicting the outcome of assisted reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lefèvre
- Inserm U, département génétique et développement, université Paris-Descartes, France.
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26
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Characterizing the reproductive hormone milieu in infertile women with diminished ovarian reserve. Fertil Steril 2010; 93:1074-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2008] [Revised: 10/12/2008] [Accepted: 10/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Peña Ó, Palumbo A, González-Fernández R, Hernández J, Naftolin F, Ávila J. Expression of angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) and angiotensin II type 2 (AT2) receptors in human granulosa-lutein (GL) cells: correlation with infertility diagnoses. Fertil Steril 2010; 93:1601-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.03.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2009] [Revised: 03/24/2009] [Accepted: 03/26/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Butts S, Riethman H, Ratcliffe S, Shaunik A, Coutifaris C, Barnhart K. Correlation of telomere length and telomerase activity with occult ovarian insufficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94:4835-43. [PMID: 19864453 PMCID: PMC2795650 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2008-2269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occult ovarian insufficiency is associated with infertility, impaired response to ovarian stimulation, and reduced live birth rates in women treated with assisted reproductive technologies. Although a decline in ovarian follicle number is expected with age, the proximate causes of occult ovarian insufficiency in young women remain poorly understood. Abnormalities in telomere length and telomerase activity in human granulosa cells may serve as molecular markers for this condition. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed. Subjects (37 yr old or less) undergoing in vitro fertilization were classified as cases of occult ovarian insufficiency or controls with mechanical infertility (male or tubal factor). Granulosa cells were acquired at the time of oocyte retrieval to quantify telomere length and telomerase activity. RESULTS Fifty-four women were enrolled. Human granulosa cell telomerase activity was demonstrated, and lack of granulosa cell telomerase activity was associated with occult ovarian insufficiency (odds ratio, 11.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.3-495.6; P = 0.02). Telomeres were shorter in women with occult ovarian insufficiency than in controls (relative telomere/single copy gene ratio, 1.88 vs. 3.15; P = 0.039). CONCLUSIONS Aberrant telomere homeostasis is associated with occult ovarian insufficiency in young women. This finding is consistent with the presence of telomeric attenuation that has been shown in multiple age-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Butts
- Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, University of Pennsylvania Medical School, 3701 Market Street, Suite 800, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
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Hurwitz JM, Jindal S, Greenseid K, Berger D, Brooks A, Santoro N, Pal L. Reproductive aging is associated with altered gene expression in human luteinized granulosa cells. Reprod Sci 2009; 17:56-67. [PMID: 19805551 DOI: 10.1177/1933719109348028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Declining reproductive success with aging is attributable to qualitative and quantitative deterioration in oocytes, which are nurtured by granulosa cells (GCs). This prospective study assesses whether reproductive aging is accompanied by differential gene expression in luteinized GCs from in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients. Women with nonovarian infertility etiologies were categorized as younger (< or =30, n = 3) or older (> or =40, n = 3). During oocyte retrieval, mural GCs were isolated; messenger RNA (mRNA) was extracted and transcribed for complementary DNA (cDNA) microarray analysis. Differential gene expression was confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Analysis revealed 120 genes were differentially expressed. Three genes were upregulated and 117 were downregulated (including interleukin [IL]-1beta, IL-1R2, and IL-6R) in GCs of older versus younger patients. Our data provide evidence of downregulation in IL-1 and IL-6 gene families in luteinized GCs with advancing age. Given previously recognized roles for the IL gene family in folliculogenesis and ovulation, our findings may partly explain ovulatory and luteal dysfunctions associated with reproductive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Hurwitz
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
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Abstract
Serum and urinary markers of ovarian reserve, follicular phase inhibin B, follicle stimulating hormone, and antimullerian hormone levels, are physiologically associated with ovarian aging, decline with chronologic age, and appear to predict later stages of reproductive aging including the menopause transition and menopause. In infertile women, they can be used to predict low oocyte yield and treatment failure in women undergoing in vitro fertilization. These markers seem to be affected by common ovarian toxicants, such as smoking, which advance the age at menopause. Although available for commercial use, home test kits have not been shown to predict fertility or infertility in the general population. Clinical use of these markers is limited by the variety of assays, lack of definitive thresholds, and their intercycle variability in older women. Results should be conveyed with caution when highly discrepant with age, in the obese, and in women with irregular menstrual cycles. Further research is needed to assess their predictive value for determining fertility in the general population.
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Cumulus cell apoptosis changes with exposure to spermatozoa and pathologies involved in infertility. Fertil Steril 2009; 91:2061-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.05.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2008] [Revised: 04/23/2008] [Accepted: 05/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Acosta E, Peña Ó, Naftolin F, Ávila J, Palumbo A. Angiotensin II induces apoptosis in human mural granulosa-lutein cells, but not in cumulus cells. Fertil Steril 2009; 91:1984-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2007] [Revised: 04/14/2008] [Accepted: 04/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW It is estimated that 10% of women experience a rapid decline in their ovarian reserve from the early 30s. This is called 'early ovarian ageing'. With the development of the so-called 'ovarian reserve tests', it was hoped that it would be possible to assess each woman's ovarian biological age and screen for 'early ovarian ageing' in the general population. This review examines the progress that has been made in this area. RECENT FINDINGS Almost the entire literature on ovarian reserve tests refers to women having IVF, rather than women in the general population. Recent systematic reviews have shown that the currently known 'ovarian reserve' tests are reasonably good at predicting the number of eggs that are collected following ovarian stimulation with gonadotrophins in the context of an IVF cycle. They show very poor correlation with live-birth rates. The reason is that they cannot directly assess oocyte quality. SUMMARY Screening for 'early ovarian ageing' in the general population is desirable but still not possible. Therefore, postponing childbearing to the late 30s remains a risky gamble. Advice to individual women should be given by specialist reproductive endocrinologists, though home-testing is not advisable.
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Younis JS, Radin O, Mirsky N, Izhaki I, Majara T, Bar-ami S, Ben-ami M. First polar body and nucleolar precursor body morphology is related to the ovarian reserve of infertile women. Reprod Biomed Online 2008; 16:851-8. [PMID: 18549696 DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)60152-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken in order to gain insight into the morphology of the first polar body (PB1) and the two pronuclei (2PN) in ICSI patients, specifically the nucleolar precursor bodies (NPB). Whether early abnormalities in these structures are related to the ovarian reserve of infertile women was also studied. Eighty consecutive infertile women were prospectively investigated throughout their first ICSI cycles. Basal ovarian reserve studies were performed in all women. Cycles were evaluated with respect to PB1 and 2PN morphology of the transferred embryos. Cycles that had at least one transferred embryo with normal PB1 and 2PN morphology had significantly better basal ovarian reserve parameters compared with cycles in which all transferred embryos had abnormal PB1 and 2PN morphology. Moreover, the normal morphology group performed significantly better throughout the ovarian stimulation, compared with the abnormal morphology group. Furthermore, the clinical implantation and pregnancy rates were significantly higher in the normal compared with the abnormal morphology group, corresponding to 20.7% versus 10.6% and 42.4% versus 18.2%, respectively. The study concluded that the morphology of the PB1 in metaphase II oocytes as well as that of the NPB within the 2PN zygotes seems to be related to the ovarian reserve in infertile women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnny S Younis
- Reproductive Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Poriya Medical Centre, Tiberias, Israel.
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Krysko DV, Diez-Fraile A, Criel G, Svistunov AA, Vandenabeele P, D’Herde K. Life and death of female gametes during oogenesis and folliculogenesis. Apoptosis 2008; 13:1065-87. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-008-0238-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2008] [Accepted: 06/26/2008] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Greenseid K, Jindal S, Zapantis A, Nihsen M, Hurwitz J, Pal L. Declining ovarian reserve adversely influences granulosa cell viability. Fertil Steril 2008; 91:2611-5. [PMID: 18565514 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2007] [Revised: 03/20/2008] [Accepted: 03/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify if declining ovarian reserve adversely influences granulosa cell (GC) parameters in patients undergoing IVF. DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING Academic IVF Center. PATIENT(S) Twenty-four women undergoing IVF. INTERVENTION(S) Mural and cumulus GCs were harvested (at time of egg retrieval). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Influence of ovarian reserve, reflected by maximal basal FSH levels, on GC (cumulative, mural, and cumulus) counts and viability were investigated. RESULT(S) The FSH levels demonstrated an inverse correlation with cumulative and mural, but not cumulus, GC viability. Adverse influence of increasing FSH on cumulative GC viability was independent of patient's age. The GC counts were uninfluenced by ovarian reserve status. Neither GC count nor viability demonstrated any relationship with clinical pregnancy after IVF. CONCLUSION(S) We observed an adverse association between declining ovarian reserve and GC parameters. We believe these findings may partly explain the suboptimal reproductive performance in these women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keri Greenseid
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.
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Tatone C, Amicarelli F, Carbone MC, Monteleone P, Caserta D, Marci R, Artini PG, Piomboni P, Focarelli R. Cellular and molecular aspects of ovarian follicle ageing. Hum Reprod Update 2008; 14:131-42. [PMID: 18239135 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmm048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that age-related decline of the biological capacity of a woman to reproduce is primarily related to the poor developmental potential of her gametes. This renders female ageing the most significant determinant of success in IVF. Starting with a reference picture of the main molecular and cellular failures of aged oocytes, granulosa cells and follicular microenvironment, this review focuses on age-related biochemical mechanisms underlying these changes. According to the most relevant concept of ageing, age-associated malfuction results from physiological accumulation of irreparable damage to biomolecules as an unavoidable side effect of normal metabolism. More than a decade after the free radical theory of ovarian ageing, biological and clinical research supporting the involvement of oxidative injuries in follicle ageing is discussed. Looking for the aetiology of oxidative stress, we consider the effect of ageing on ovarian and follicular vascularization. Then, we propose a potential role of advanced glycation end-products known to be involved in the physiological ageing of most tissues and organs. We conclude that future investigation of age-related molecular damage in the different ovarian components will be imperative in order to evaluate the possibility to save or rescue the developmental potential of aged oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Tatone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Via Vetoio 67100, Italy.
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Yamashita Y, Asano M, Morishima S, Fujino K, Terai Y, Ohmichi M. Mitochondrial gene expression in granulosa cells of severe endometriosis with in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Fertil Steril 2007; 88:1703-5. [PMID: 17531988 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.01.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2006] [Revised: 01/22/2007] [Accepted: 01/22/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The expression of mitochondrial genes in granulosa cells was quantitated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The expression ratio of mitochondrial genes in granulosa cells of patients with severe endometriosis showed no statistically significant difference compared with cases of tubal infertility without endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Yamashita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan.
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Seppälä M, Koistinen H, Koistinen R, Chiu PCN, Yeung WSB. Glycosylation related actions of glycodelin: gamete, cumulus cell, immune cell and clinical associations. Hum Reprod Update 2007; 13:275-87. [PMID: 17329396 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmm004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycodelin is an example of a glycoprotein whose complex-type glycans mediate biological actions in human reproduction and immune reactions. Being attached to an identical protein backbone, glycodelin oligosaccharides vary significantly from one reproductive tissue to another and have an effect on its own secretion and role in cell communication. For instance, uterine glycodelin-A inhibits sperm-oocyte interaction by binding on the sperm head. This is a glycosylation-dependent phenomenon, in which fucosyltransferase-5 plays a key role. Glycodelin-S from seminal plasma binds evenly around the sperm head and maintains an uncapacitated state in the spermatozoa, until the isoform is detached during sperm passage through the cervix. Glycodelin-F from follicular fluid and Fallopian tube binds to the acrosomal region of the sperm head, thereby inhibiting both the sperm-oocyte binding and premature progesterone-induced acrosome reaction. The cumulus cells surrounding the oocyte can capture glycodelin-A and -F from the surrounding environment and convert these isoforms to a cumulus cell isoform, glycodelin-C. It differs by glycosylation from the other isoforms, and it too attaches on the sperm head, with the highest density in the equatorial region. Glycodelin-C is capable of detaching the sperm-bound inhibitory isoforms so that the sperm-oocyte binding is enhanced. Glycodelin-A also has immunosuppressive actions directed to cellular, humoral and innate immunity. Although these actions depend mainly on the protein backbone, glycosylation also plays a part. Glycosylated glycodelin may be involved in the protection of spermatozoa against maternal immune reactions, and glycodelin also has apoptogenic activity. Some glycosylation patterns of glycodelin may mask its apoptogenic domain. This review updates the recent research and clinical associations of glycodelin, highlighting the role of glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Seppälä
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki, 4th Floor, Haartmaninkatu 8, Helsinki, Finland.
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Ebisch IMW, Thomas CMG, Peters WHM, Braat DDM, Steegers-Theunissen RPM. The importance of folate, zinc and antioxidants in the pathogenesis and prevention of subfertility. Hum Reprod Update 2006; 13:163-74. [PMID: 17099205 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dml054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Current treatments of subfertile couples are usually empiric, as the true cause of subfertility often remains unknown. Therefore, we outline the role of nutritional and biochemical factors in reproduction and subfertility. A literature search was performed using MEDLINE, Science Direct and bibliographies of published work with both positive and negative results. The studies showed that folate has a role in spermatogenesis. In female reproduction, folate is also important for oocyte quality and maturation, implantation, placentation, fetal growth and organ development. Zinc has also been implicated in testicular development, sperm maturation and testosterone synthesis. In females, zinc plays a role in sexual development, ovulation and the menstrual cycle. Both folate and zinc have antioxidant properties that counteract reactive oxygen species (ROS). Thiols, such as glutathione, balance the levels of ROS produced by spermatozoa and influence DNA compaction and the stability and motility of spermatozoa. Oocyte maturation, ovulation, luteolysis and follicle atresia are also affected by ROS. After fertilization, glutathione is important for sperm nucleus decondensation and pronucleus formation. Folate, zinc, ROS and thiols affect apoptosis, which is important for sperm release, regulation of follicle atresia, degeneration of the corpus luteum and endometrial shedding. Therefore, the concentrations of these nutrients may have substantial effects on reproduction. In conclusion, nutritional and biochemical factors affect biological processes in male and female reproduction. Further research should identify pathways that may lead to improvements in care and treatment of subfertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M W Ebisch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Feldmann G, Benifla JL, Madelenat P. L'apoptose des cellules de la granulosa peut-elle être considérée comme un marqueur prédictif du succès de la fécondation in vitro ? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 34:574-82. [PMID: 16777460 DOI: 10.1016/j.gyobfe.2006.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2006] [Accepted: 04/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
During in vitro fertilization (IVF) morphological criteria are the only means usable today to select embryos before their uterine transfer in order to obtain pregnancy with the best chances of success. Since several years many attempts have been made to find more functional means. Quantification of apoptosis of granulosa cells has been proposed for this purpose. The aim of this review is to take stock of our knowledge on apoptosis and its mechanisms in granulosa cells and to analyse how quantification of these apoptotic cells could be a reliable and predictive marker of success for an attempt of an IVF in terms of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Feldmann
- Service d'histologie et de biologie de la reproduction, hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bernard (APHP), 46, rue Henri-Huchard, 75018 Paris, France.
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Chan CCW, Liu VWS, Lau EYL, Yeung WSB, Ng EHY, Ho PC. Mitochondrial DNA deletion in granulosa and cumulus oophorus cells. Fertil Steril 2006; 85:780-2. [PMID: 16500363 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2005] [Revised: 05/23/2005] [Accepted: 08/16/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of the 4,977-bp deletion in mitochondrial DNA (DeltamtDNA4977) in 73 pairs of granulosa and cumulus oophorus cells was studied with polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and was significantly higher in granulosa cells (GC) (67/73, 91%) than in cumulus oophorus cells (17/73, 23.3%), independent of the donors' age. In the cumulus oophorus cells, the oocyte morphology, the ooplasma diameter, and the proportion of oocytes fertilized normally were comparable between those with and without DeltamtDNA4977; whereas the oocyte diameter and the zona thickness were significantly higher in those with DeltamtDNA4977.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina C W Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong.
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Bencomo E, Pérez R, Arteaga MF, Acosta E, Peña O, Lopez L, Avila J, Palumbo A. Apoptosis of cultured granulosa-lutein cells is reduced by insulin-like growth factor I and may correlate with embryo fragmentation and pregnancy rate. Fertil Steril 2006; 85:474-80. [PMID: 16595230 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2005] [Revised: 08/08/2005] [Accepted: 08/08/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To correlate apoptosis of cultured human granulosa-lutein cells (GL cells) with the outcome of IVF (embryo fragmentation and pregnancy rate) and to study the effect of insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) on apoptosis. DESIGN In vitro assays. SETTING University laboratory and private IVF center. PATIENT(S) Eighty-one women undergoing IVF. INTERVENTION(S) Purified human GL cells from pooled follicles were cultured for 48 hours in serum-free media with or without insulin and IGF-I. Cumulus cells and mural GL cells were evaluated separately. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Detection of apoptosis by using caspACE FITC-VAD-FMK, a fluorescent in situ marker for activated caspases; embryo fragmentation; and pregnancy. RESULT(S) Age younger than 38 years and successful pregnancy were associated with less apoptosis (33.0% +/- 17.2% vs. 43.2% +/- 18.0% and 30.2% +/- 14.0% vs. 40.4% +/- 19.5%, respectively). There was a linear correlation between embryo fragmentation and GL cell apoptosis. Insulin-like growth factor I decreased apoptosis in a dose-dependent fashion. A statistically significant effect (17% decrease) was reached at a dose of 10 nM. Insulin (10 nM) caused a small (8%) decrease in apoptosis, but this effect did not reach statistical significance. Cumulus cells consistently had <3% apoptosis. CONCLUSION(S) [1] Apoptosis of cultured GL cells may be associated with IVF outcome and ovarian reserve and [2] IGF-I decreases apoptosis of cultured GL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eija Bencomo
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de la Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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Caroppo E, Matteo M, Schonauer LM, Vizziello G, Pasquadibisceglie A, Vitti A, D'Amato G. Basal FSH concentration as a predictor of IVF outcome in older women undergoing stimulation with GnRH antagonist. Reprod Biomed Online 2006; 13:815-20. [PMID: 17169202 DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)61029-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the value of basal FSH as a predictor of assisted reproduction outcome in women >or=35 years undergoing ovarian stimulation with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist. A retrospective clinical study was carried out on 83 infertile women, 35-45 years old, divided into three groups according to their day 3 FSH concentration (group A = FSH <or=10 mIU/ml, group B = FSH >10 and <15 mIU/ml, group C = FSH >15 mIU/ml). Patients underwent ovarian stimulation with a GnRH-antagonist protocol. Group A women had significantly higher basal inhibin B concentrations (P < 0.001), lower cancellation rate (P < 0.001), required a significantly lower dosage of recombinant FSH (P < 0.0001) and had significantly higher oestradiol concentration under stimulation compared with the other groups (P < 0.0001). Oocyte and embryo numbers were comparable in all groups, although groups B and C had more low quality embryos compared with group A. The number of metaphase II oocytes and embryos was related to patients' ovarian reserve markers only in group C. Pregnancy and delivery rates were 35 and 22.5% in group A, 22.2 and 16.6% in group B and 5 and 0% in group C. It is concluded that a basal FSH cut-off of 10 mIU/ml seems predictive of ovarian reserve, while basal FSH cut-off of 15 mIU/ml seems predictive of pregnancy potential and probably of oocyte quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ettore Caroppo
- IRCCS S. de Bellis, Unità Operativa di Fisiopatologia della Riproduzione Umana, Via della Resistenza n.c., 70013, Castellana Grotte (Ba), Italy.
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Nottola SA, Heyn R, Camboni A, Correr S, Macchiarelli G. Ultrastructural characteristics of human granulosa cells in a coculture system for in vitro fertilization. Microsc Res Tech 2006; 69:508-16. [PMID: 16718668 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.20309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The use of somatic cells for cocultures during in vitro fertilization (IVF) is currently finalized to obtain a higher number of healthy and viable embryos with a high potential of implantation. Among the different cell lines that can be used as feeder cells for cocultures, granulosa cells (GCs) are autologous cells, safe and easy to recover. The aim of the present study was to analyze the fine structure of human GCs used in a coculture system to evaluate, from a morphodynamic point of view, their role in supporting embryo development. GCs were collected during oocyte pick-up, 36 h after human chorionic gonadotropin administration, from patients undergoing IVF procedures, who had given their informed consent to be included in this protocol. After coculture, GCs were fixed and processed for light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). By LM, GCs appeared as clusters of loosely packed cells, irregularly rounded or polyhedral in shape, varying in diameter from 18 to 25 microm. Mitotic cells, as well as regressing elements (with pyknotic nuclei or dense cytoplasm) and cell fragments were occasionally observed. By TEM, the plasma membrane was irregular due to the presence of cytoplasmic evaginations. Linear and annular gap junctions between neighboring GCs were found. GC nuclei, rounded and eccentrically located, contained finely dispersed chromatin, one (often two) prominent nucleoli and, infrequently, peripheral patches of heterochromatin. Numerous organelles populated the GC cytoplasm, among them, mitochondria were rod-shaped or elongated, usually provided with tubular-vesicular cristae but occasionally showing atypical, longitudinally oriented cristae. Membranes of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi stacks and vesicles, secretory-like granules, cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), free ribosomes and polysomes, lysosomal-like bodies, microfilaments, and lipid droplets were also seen in the GC cytoplasm. In most cells, RER was scarcely represented and numerous lipid droplets filled the perinuclear space. On the contrary, some GCs contained an abundant RER and rare lipid droplets scattered in the cytoplasm. In conclusion, our data demonstrated the presence, in a coculture system, of GCs provided with ultrastructural characteristics typical of healthy, metabolically active, mostly steroidogenic cells. Protein-synthetic cells have also been detected. These data, evaluated at the light of biochemical and clinical studies, sustain the capability of human GCs cocultures to positively affect early embryo development in vitro by the secretion of steroids and proteins, putative "embryotrophic" factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania A Nottola
- Laboratory for Electron Microscopy Pietro M. Motta, Department of Anatomy, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
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Kryczek I, Frydman N, Gaudin F, Krzysiek R, Fanchin R, Emilie D, Chouaib S, Zou W, Machelon V. The Chemokine SDF-1/CXCL12 Contributes to T Lymphocyte Recruitment in Human Pre-ovulatory Follicles and Coordinates with Lymphocytes to Increase Granulosa Cell Survival and Embryo Quality. Am J Reprod Immunol 2005; 54:270-83. [PMID: 16212649 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2005.00307.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the production and the role of the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1/CXCL12) in pre-ovulatory follicles of women undergoing in vitro fertilization. We detected CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 by flow cytometry, western blotting and RT-PCR. We tested cell migration in Transwell experiments. We measured apoptosis using delta psi m-sensitive fluorescent probe DiOC6(3) and we screened apoptosis-related gene expression with macro-arrays. Granulosa cells from follicular aspirates produce CXCL12 that contributes to T lymphocytes recruitment. CXCL12 reduces early apoptosis of granulosa cells. This effect is accompanied by a shift of bcl2/bax ratio, and decreased expression of p53-targeted genes (pig7, pig8, p21, gadd45). Removal of lymphocytes disables CXCL12-mediated anti-apoptotic effect on granulosa cells. Anti-apoptotic activity of CXCL12 is positively correlated to high quality of embryos. In conclusion, CXCL12 is locally produced by luteinizing granulosa cells. It specifically contributes to T lymphocytes recruitment and coordinates with local lymphocytes to increase granulosa cell survival and embryo quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Kryczek
- INSERM Unité 131 Cytokines et Immunorégulation, Institut Paris-Sud Sur les Cytokines, IFR 13, rue des Carnets, Clamart, France
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Corn CM, Hauser-Kronberger C, Moser M, Tews G, Ebner T. Predictive value of cumulus cell apoptosis with regard to blastocyst development of corresponding gametes. Fertil Steril 2005; 84:627-33. [PMID: 16169395 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2004] [Revised: 03/17/2005] [Accepted: 03/17/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test if a high degree of apoptosis in cumulus cells could indicate diminished oocyte quality and developmental competence. DESIGN Prospective analysis. SETTING Public hospital and university. PATIENT(S) Thirty seven women who gave written consent to participate in this study. INTERVENTION(S) Cumulus-oocyte complexes were denuded separately and the resulting cumulus cell suspensions were analyzed for presence of apoptosis using a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated digoxigenin-dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay detection kit. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Percentage of apoptotic cumulus cells and blastocyst formation rate. RESULT(S) Younger patients (< or = 35 years) showed significantly fewer apoptotic cumulus cells than older ones. In all patients gamete maturity was shown to be highly correlated to the rate of apoptosis in cumulus cells. At zygote and cleavage stages (days 1 to 4) no morphologic features were related to the degree of programmed cell death. However, blastocyst development was predictable taking into account the percentage of apoptosis in associated somatic cells. In addition, there was a trend toward better quality blastocysts from follicles with a lower rate of apoptotic cells. No influence on pregnancy and implantation rate was observed. CONCLUSION(S) Apoptotic processes within follicles seem to impair oocyte maturation. Though not manifested in the morphologic appearance, gametes and embryos derived from cumulus complexes with no or minor apoptosis have an increased chance of giving rise to optimal blastocysts.
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Makino A, Ozaki Y, Matsubara H, Sato T, Ikuta K, Nishizawa Y, Suzumori K. Role of apoptosis controlled by cytochrome c released from mitochondria for luteal function in human granulosa cells. Am J Reprod Immunol 2005; 53:144-52. [PMID: 15727569 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2005.00258.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between apoptosis by the mitochondrial pathway and luteal function in human granulosa cells. METHOD OF STUDY Granulosa cells were obtained by ultrasound-guided follicular aspiration from patients undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. After the addition of RU486, cells were stained with a mitochondria-specific fluorescent dye, MitoTracker Red CM x Ros. Using flow cytometry and National Institute of Health image, the mitochondrial fluorescent area was measured. After staining with Hoechst 33258 dye, the number of apoptotic bodies per 1000 cells were counted at random on photomicrographs. Homogenates were used for sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot analysis using antibodies against cytochrome c or caspase-3. RESULTS The incidence of apoptotic bodies increased and the mitochondrial membrane potential decreased time dependently. The opposite effect was observed dose dependently with RU486 treatment. Western blot analysis showed increased cytochrome c expression, after treatment with 1-2 microg/mL of RU486 which then decreased with 5-10 microg/mL of RU486. Caspase-3 expression increased dose dependently with RU486. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the activation of caspase-3 caused by cytochrome c released from mitochondria plays an important role in apoptosis-related luteal function in human granulosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiko Makino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya City University Medical School, Mizuho-ku Nagoya, Japan.
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Fleming R. Recruitment prior to ovarian stimulation: ways of improving follicular recruitment. Reprod Biomed Online 2005; 10 Suppl 3:55-9. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(11)60391-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Clavero A, Castilla JA, Núñez AI, García-Peña ML, Maldonado V, Fontes J, Mendoza N, Martinez L. Apoptosis in human granulosa cells after induction of ovulation in women participating in an intracytoplasmic sperm injection program. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2003; 110:181-5. [PMID: 12969580 DOI: 10.1016/s0301-2115(03)00243-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate whether analysis of granulosa cell apoptosis can be useful in assessing follicular and oocyte maturation and the regulation of granulosa cell apoptosis by follicular fluid steroids in preovulatory follicles of stimulated women. STUDY DESIGN Apoptosis in aspirated granulosa cells (n=64) was measured using the Annexin V-affinity assay by flow cytometry. Follicular fluid steroids were determined by ELISA and RIA. Statistics were evaluated using the Levenne test, Student t-test and simple linear regression analysis. RESULTS No significant differences in the number and percentage of apoptotic granulosa cells per follicle were observed according to the maturity and fertilizability of the oocytes by intracytoplasmic sperm injection within these follicles. No correlations were found between levels of steroid hormones in follicular fluid and the number and proportion of granulosa cells undergoing apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS The percentage of apoptosis in granulosa cells is not related to oocyte maturity and fertilizability by ICSI or to follicular quality in stimulated cycles of normal women. However, the possibility cannot be discarded that this parameter may be of importance at other phases of follicular development or in natural cycles when no treatment that influences follicular physiology is being applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Clavero
- Servicio de Análisis Cli;nicos, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
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