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Triticale doubled haploid plant regeneration factors linked by structural equation modeling. J Appl Genet 2022; 63:677-690. [PMID: 36018540 PMCID: PMC9637073 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-022-00719-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Triticale regeneration via anther culture faces many difficulties, e.g., a low percentage of regenerated plants and the presence of albinos. Plant regeneration may be affected by abiotic stresses and by ingredients added to the induction medium. The latter influences biochemical pathways and plant regeneration efficiency. Among such ingredients, copper and silver ions acting as cofactors for enzymatic reactions are of interest. However, their role in plant tissue cultures and relationships with biochemical pathways has not been studied yet. The study evaluated relationships between DNA methylation, changes in DNA sequence variation, and green plant regeneration efficiency influenced by copper and silver ions during triticale plant regeneration. For this purpose, a biological model based on donor plants and their regenerants, a methylation-sensitive amplified fragment length polymorphism, and structural equation modeling were employed. The green plant regeneration efficiency varied from 0.71 to 6.06 green plants per 100 plated anthers. The values for the components of tissue culture-induced variation related to cytosine methylation in a CHH sequence context (where H is A, C, or T) were 8.65% for sequence variation, 0.76% for DNA demethylation, and 0.58% for de novo methylation. The proposed model states that copper ions affect the regeneration efficiency through cytosine methylation and may induce mutations through, e.g., oxidative processes, which may interfere with the green plant regeneration efficiency. The linear regression confirms that the plant regeneration efficiency rises with increasing copper ion concentration in the absence of Ag ions in the induction medium. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression shows that de novo methylation, demethylation, and copper ions may be involved in the green plant regeneration efficiency. According to structural equation modeling, copper ions play a central role in the model determining the regeneration efficiency.
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2
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Wang X, Han ZC, Wei W, Hu H, Li P, Sun P, Liu X, Lv Z, Wang F, Cao Y, Guo Z, Li J, Zhao J. An unexpected all-metal aromatic tetranuclear silver cluster in human copper chaperone Atox1. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7269-7275. [PMID: 35799808 PMCID: PMC9214858 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc07122j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal clusters, such as iron–sulfur clusters, play key roles in sustaining life and are intimately involved in the functions of metalloproteins. Herein we report the formation and crystal structure of a planar square tetranuclear silver cluster when silver ions were mixed with human copper chaperone Atox1. Quantum chemical studies reveal that two Ag 5s1 electrons in the tetranuclear silver cluster fully occupy the one bonding molecular orbital, with the assumption that this Ag4 cluster is Ag42+, leading to extensive electron delocalization over the planar square and significant stabilization. This bonding pattern of the tetranuclear silver cluster represents an aromatic all-metal structure that follows a 4n + 2 electron counting rule (n = 0). This is the first time an all-metal aromatic silver cluster was observed in a protein. Metal clusters, such as iron–sulfur clusters, play key roles in sustaining life and are intimately involved in the functions of metalloproteins.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zong-Chang Han
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Nanjing University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Hanshi Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Peiqing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiangzhi Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhijia Lv
- Elias James Corey Institute of Biomedical Research, Wuxi Biortus Biosciences Co., Ltd, Jiangyin 214437, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Elias James Corey Institute of Biomedical Research, Wuxi Biortus Biosciences Co., Ltd, Jiangyin 214437, China
| | - Yi Cao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zijian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Nanchuang (Jiangsu) Institute of Chemistry and Health, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Nanchuang (Jiangsu) Institute of Chemistry and Health, Nanjing 210023, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Nanjing University, Shenzhen 518000, China
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Orłowska R, Pachota KA, Androsiuk P, Bednarek PT. Triticale Green Plant Regeneration Is Due to DNA Methylation and Sequence Changes Affecting Distinct Sequence Contexts in the Presence of Copper Ions in Induction Medium. Cells 2021; 11:84. [PMID: 35011646 PMCID: PMC8750698 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal ions in the induction medium are essential ingredients allowing green plant regeneration. For instance, Cu(II) and Ag(I) ions may affect the mitochondrial electron transport chain, influencing the Yang cycle and synthesis of S-adenosyl-L-methionine, the prominent donor of the methylation group for all cellular compounds, including cytosines. If the ion concentrations are not balanced, they can interfere with the proper flow of electrons in the respiratory chain and ATP production. Under oxidative stress, methylated cytosines might be subjected to mutations impacting green plant regeneration efficiency. Varying Cu(II) and Ag(I) concentrations in the induction medium and time of anther culture, nine trials of anther culture-derived regenerants of triticale were derived. The methylation-sensitive AFLP approach quantitative characteristics of tissue culture-induced variation, including sequence variation, DNA demethylation, and DNA de novo methylation for all symmetric-CG, CHG, and asymmetric-CHH sequence contexts, were evaluated for all trials. In addition, the implementation of mediation analysis allowed evaluating relationships between factors influencing green plant regeneration efficiency. It was demonstrated that Cu(II) ions mediated relationships between: (1) de novo methylation in the CHH context and sequence variation in the CHH, (2) sequence variation in CHH and green plant regeneration efficiency, (3) de novo methylation in CHH sequences and green plant regeneration, (4) between sequence variation in the CHG context, and green plant regeneration efficiency. Cu(II) ions were not a mediator between de novo methylation in the CG context and green plant regeneration. The latter relationship was mediated by sequence variation in the CG context. On the other hand, we failed to identify any mediating action of Ag(I) ions or the moderating role of time. Furthermore, demethylation in any sequence context seems not to participate in any relationships leading to green plant regeneration, sequence variation, and the involvement of Cu(II) or Ag(I) as mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Orłowska
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, 05-870 Błonie, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Anna Pachota
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, 05-870 Błonie, Poland
| | - Piotr Androsiuk
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Piotr Tomasz Bednarek
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, 05-870 Błonie, Poland
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Isaac M, Denisov SA, McClenaghan ND, Sénèque O. Bioinspired Luminescent Europium-Based Probe Capable of Discrimination between Ag + and Cu . Inorg Chem 2021; 60:10791-10798. [PMID: 34236828 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Due to their similar coordination properties, discrimination of Cu+ and Ag+ by water-soluble luminescent probes is challenging. We have synthesized LCC4Eu, an 18 amino acid cyclic peptide bearing a europium complex, which is able to bind one Cu+ or Ag+ ion by the side chains of two methionines, a histidine and a 3-(1-naphthyl)-l-alanine. In this system, the naphthyl moiety establishes a cation-π interaction with these cations. It also acts as an antenna for the sensitization of Eu3+ luminescence. Interestingly, when excited at 280 nm, LCC4Eu behaves as a turn-on probe for Ag+ (+150% Eu emission) and as a turn-off probe for Cu+ (-50% Eu3+ emission). Shifting the excitation wavelength to 305 nm makes the probe responsive to Ag+ (+380% Eu3+ emission) but not to Cu+ or other physiological cations. Thus, LCC4Eu is uniquely capable of discriminating Ag+ from Cu+. A detailed spectroscopic characterization based on steady-state and time-resolved measurements clearly demonstrates that Eu3+ sensitization relies on electronic energy transfer from the naphthalene triplet state to the Eu3+ excited states and that the cation-π interaction lowers the energy of this triplet state by 700 and 2400 cm-1 for Ag+ and Cu+, respectively. Spectroscopic data point to a modulation of the efficiency of the electronic energy transfer caused by the differential red shift of the naphthalene triplet, deciphering the differential luminescence response of LCC4Eu toward Ag+ and Cu+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Isaac
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, LCBM (UMR 5249), 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Sergey A Denisov
- Université Bordeaux, CNRS, ISM (UMR 5255), 33405 Talence, France
| | | | - Olivier Sénèque
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, LCBM (UMR 5249), 38000 Grenoble, France
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Tardillo Suárez V, Gallet B, Chevallet M, Jouneau PH, Tucoulou R, Veronesi G, Deniaud A. Correlative transmission electron microscopy and high-resolution hard X-ray fluorescence microscopy of cell sections to measure trace element concentrations at the organelle level. J Struct Biol 2021; 213:107766. [PMID: 34216761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2021.107766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Metals are essential for life and their concentration and distribution in organisms are tightly regulated. Indeed, in their free form, most transition metal ions are toxic. Therefore, an excess of physiologic metal ions or the uptake of non-physiologic metal ions can be highly detrimental to the organism. It is thus fundamental to understand metal distribution under physiological, pathological or environmental conditions, for instance in metal-related pathologies or upon environmental exposure to metals. Elemental imaging techniques can serve this purpose, by allowing the visualization and the quantification of metal species in tissues down to the level of cell organelles. Synchrotron radiation-based X-ray fluorescence (SR-XRF) microscopy is one of the most sensitive techniques to date, and great progress was made to reach nanoscale spatial resolution. Here we propose a correlative method to couple SR-XRF to electron microscopy (EM), with the possibility to quantify selected elemental contents in a specific organelle of interest with 50 × 50 nm2 raster scan resolution. We performed EM and SR-XRF on the same section of hepatocytes exposed to silver nanoparticles, in order to identify mitochondria through EM and visualize Ag co-localized with these organelles through SR-XRF. We demonstrate the accumulation of silver in mitochondria, which can reach a 10-fold higher silver concentration compared to the surrounding cytosol. The sample preparation and experimental setup can be adapted to other scientific questions, making the correlative use of SR-XRF and EM suitable to address a large panel of biological questions related to metal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benoit Gallet
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, CEA, CNRS, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Mireille Chevallet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Rémi Tucoulou
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron. 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Giulia Veronesi
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron. 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Aurélien Deniaud
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
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Yan J, Xia D, Zhou W, Li Y, Xiong P, Li Q, Wang P, Li M, Zheng Y, Cheng Y. pH-responsive silk fibroin-based CuO/Ag micro/nano coating endows polyetheretherketone with synergistic antibacterial ability, osteogenesis, and angiogenesis. Acta Biomater 2020; 115:220-234. [PMID: 32777292 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.07.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone has been widely used for bone defect repair, whereas failures may happen due to implant loosening and infection. Thus, PEEK implant with multi-function (osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and bacteria-killing) is essential to solve this problem. Herein, copper oxide microspheres (µCuO) decorated with silver nanoparticles (nAg) were constructed on porous PEEK surface via silk fibroin. In vitro studies highlighted the pH controlled release ability of this coating. It liberated a high dose of Cu2+ and Ag+ at low pH environment (pH 5.0), leading to 99.99% killing of planktonic bacteria and complete eradication of sessile bacteria, avoiding biofilm formation. Under physiological environment (pH 7.4), a lower amount of leaked metal ions induced promoted ALP production, collagen secretion, and calcium deposition, as well as NO production, which indicated potentiated osteogenesis and angiogenesis. In vivo results displayed the highest new bone volume around, and the appearance of new bone inside porous structure of, PEEK implant with this coating in rabbit tibia, signified the abilities of this coating to promote bone regeneration and osseointegration. Our study established solid support for implants with this coating to be a successful bone defect repair solution. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this study, CuO/Ag micro/nano particles were incorporated into the porous surface of PEEK through polydopamine and silk fibroin layers. The design of this coating conferred pH-controlled release behavior to Cu2+ and Ag+. High dose of metal ions were released at pH 5.0, which presented synergistic antibacterial ability and killed 99.99% of planktonic bacteria. Low concentration of metal ions were controlled by this coating at physiological environment, which potentiated osteodifferentiation of Ad-MSC in vitro and led to complete integration of implant with bone tissue in vivo.
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Ahmad A, Ullah S, Syed F, Tahir K, Khan AU, Yuan Q. Biogenic metal nanoparticles as a potential class of antileishmanial agents: mechanisms and molecular targets. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:809-828. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis, a category 1 disease, has remained neglected for decades, and therefore, has developed into a severe health problem worldwide. Unfortunately, the available antileishmanial drugs are limited, and the parasites have shown an inevitable resistance toward most of these drugs. All these factors pose a barrier to control the parasite at present. Hence, new strategies are needed to develop more effective and less toxic nanomedicines that could treat and manage the Leishmania parasite. One of these effective strategies is to construct nanometals with biologically active molecules that could possess dynamic antileishmanial activities with desirable biocompatibility. In this review paper, antileishmanial potencies of different metal nanoparticles, with particular emphasis on biogenic metal nanoparticles from 2011 to 2019, are summarized. The mechanisms by which metal-based nanomedicines kill Leishmania are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aftab Ahmad
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science & Engineering (BAIC-SM), Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Sadeeq Ullah
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 East Road of North Third Ring, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Fatima Syed
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Kamran Tahir
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Gomal University D.I. Khan, KP, 29050, Pakistan
| | - Arif U Khan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science & Engineering (BAIC-SM), Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Qipeng Yuan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science & Engineering (BAIC-SM), Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, PR China
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Poon WL, Lee JCY, Leung KS, Alenius H, El-Nezami H, Karisola P. Nanosized silver, but not titanium dioxide or zinc oxide, enhances oxidative stress and inflammatory response by inducing 5-HETE activation in THP-1 cells. Nanotoxicology 2019; 14:453-467. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2019.1687776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wing-Lam Poon
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Kin Sum Leung
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Harri Alenius
- Human Microbiome Research Program (HUMI RP), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Environmental Medicine (IMM), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hani El-Nezami
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Nutrition and Health, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Piia Karisola
- Human Microbiome Research Program (HUMI RP), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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9
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Marchioni M, Jouneau PH, Chevallet M, Michaud-Soret I, Deniaud A. Silver nanoparticle fate in mammals: Bridging in vitro and in vivo studies. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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10
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Thomas M, Benov L. The Contribution of Superoxide Radical to Cadmium Toxicity in E. coli. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 181:361-368. [PMID: 28508189 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1048-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Numerous reports suggest the involvement of oxidative stress in cadmium toxicity, but the nature of the reactive species and the mechanism of Cd-induced oxidative damage are not clear. In this study, E. coli mutants were used to investigate mechanisms of Cd toxicity. Effects of Cd on metabolic activity, production of superoxide radical by the respiratory chain, and induction of enzymes controlled by the soxRS regulon were investigated. In E. coli, the soxRS regulon controls defense against O2·-and univalent oxidants. Suppression of metabolic activity, inability of E. coli to adapt to new environment, and slow cell division were among the manifestations of Cd toxicity. Cd increased production of O2·- by the electron transport chain and prevented the induction of soxRS-controlled protective enzymes, even when the regulon was induced by the redox-cycling agent, paraquat. The effect was not limited to soxRS-dependent proteins and can be attributed to previously reported suppression of protein synthesis by Cd. Increased production of superoxide, combined with inability to express protective enzymes and to replace damaged proteins by de novo protein synthesis, seems to be the main reason for growth stasis and cell death in Cd poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milini Thomas
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P. O. Box 24923, Safat, 13110, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Ludmil Benov
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P. O. Box 24923, Safat, 13110, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
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Maiti BK, Almeida RM, Maia LB, Moura I, Moura JJG. Insights into the Molybdenum/Copper Heterometallic Cluster Assembly in the Orange Protein: Probing Intermolecular Interactions with an Artificial Metal-Binding ATCUN Tag. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:8900-8911. [PMID: 28742344 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Orange protein (ORP) is a small bacterial protein, of unknown function, that contains a unique molybdenum/copper heterometallic cluster, [S2MoVIS2CuIS2MoVIS2]3- (Mo/Cu), non-covalently bound. The native cluster can be reconstituted in a protein-assisted mode by the addition of CuII plus tetrathiomolybdate to apo-ORP under controlled conditions. In the work described herein, we artificially inserted the ATCUN ("amino terminus Cu and Ni") motif in the Desulfovibrio gigas ORP (Ala1Ser2His3 followed by the native amino acid residues; modified protein abbreviated as ORP*) to increase our understanding of the Mo/Cu cluster assembly in ORP. The apo-ORP* binds CuII in a 1:1 ratio to yield CuII-ORP*, as clearly demonstrated by EPR (g||,⊥ = 2.183, 2.042 and ACu||,⊥ = 207 × 10-4 cm-1, 19 × 10-4 cm-1) and UV-visible spectroscopies (typical d-d transition bands at 520 nm, ε = 90 M-1 cm-1). The 1H NMR spectrum shows that His3 and His53 are significantly affected upon the addition of the CuII. The X-ray structure shows that these two residues are very far apart (Cα-Cα ≈ 27.9 Å), leading us to suggest that the metal-induced NMR perturbations are due to the interaction of two protein molecules with a single metal ion. Docking analysis supports the metal-mediated dimer formation. The subsequent tetrathiomolybdate binding, to yield the native Mo/Cu cluster, occurs only upon addition of dithiothreitol, as shown by UV-visible and NMR spectroscopies. Additionally, 1H NMR of AgI-ORP* (AgI used as a surrogate of CuI) showed that AgI strongly binds to a native methionine sulfur atom rather than to the ATCUN site, suggesting that CuII and CuI have two different binding sites in ORP*. A detailed mechanism for the formation of the Mo/Cu cluster is discussed, suggesting that CuII is reduced to CuI and transferred from the ATCUN motif to the methionine site; finally, CuI is transferred to the cluster-binding region, upon the interaction of two protein molecules. This result may suggest that copper trafficking is triggered by redox-dependent coordination properties of copper in a trafficking pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biplab K Maiti
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Rui M Almeida
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Luisa B Maia
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Isabel Moura
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - José J G Moura
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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Chaurasia N, Mishra Y, Chatterjee A, Rai R, Yadav S, Rai LC. Overexpression of phytochelatin synthase (pcs) enhances abiotic stress tolerance by altering the proteome of transformed Anabaena sp. PCC 7120. PROTOPLASMA 2017; 254:1715-1724. [PMID: 28000119 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-016-1059-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study provides data on the insertion of an extra copy of phytochelatin synthase (alr0975) in Anabaena sp. PCC 7120. The recombinant strain (AnFPN-pcs) compared to wild type showed approximately 22.3% increase in growth rate under UV-B, NaCl, heat, CuCl2, carbofuran, and CdCl2. It also registered 2.25-fold enhanced nitrogenase activity and 5-fold higher phytochelatin production. A comparison of the protein profile of wild type with the recombinant strain revealed that recombinant strain accumulated proteins belonging to the following categories: (i) detoxification (nutrient stress induced DNA binding protein, Mn-SOD, Alr0946 (CalA)), (ii) protein folding and modification (molecular chaperone DnaK, FKBP-type peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase), (iii) nucleotide and amino acid biosynthesis (dihydroorotase and Ketol-acid reductoisomerase), (iv) photosynthesis and respiration (coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, phycocyanin alpha chain, ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase), and (v) transport (sugar transport ATP-binding protein). Thus, it can be concluded that, above category proteins with their respective role in scavenging reactive oxygen species, proper folding of unfolded proteins, and protection of protein from degradation, sustained carbon fixation and energy pool and active transport of sugar together conceivably help the recombinant cyanobacterium (AnFPN-pcs) to cope with abiotic stress employed in the present study. Such recombinant strains have potential for future use as biofertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Chaurasia
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Algal Biology, Center of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, 793022, India
| | - Yogesh Mishra
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Algal Biology, Center of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Antra Chatterjee
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Algal Biology, Center of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Ruchi Rai
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Algal Biology, Center of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Shivam Yadav
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Algal Biology, Center of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - L C Rai
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Algal Biology, Center of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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13
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Thornton L, Dixit V, Assad LO, Ribeiro TP, Queiroz DD, Kellett A, Casey A, Colleran J, Pereira MD, Rochford G, McCann M, O'Shea D, Dempsey R, McClean S, Kia AFA, Walsh M, Creaven B, Howe O, Devereux M. Water-soluble and photo-stable silver(I) dicarboxylate complexes containing 1,10-phenanthroline ligands: Antimicrobial and anticancer chemotherapeutic potential, DNA interactions and antioxidant activity. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 159:120-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Shrivastava AK, Pandey S, Yadav S, Mishra Y, Singh PK, Rai R, Singh S, Rai S, Rai LC. Comparative proteomics of wild type, An+ahpC and An∆ahpC strains of Anabaena sp. PCC7120 demonstrates AhpC mediated augmentation of photosynthesis, N2-fixation and modulation of regulatory network of antioxidative proteins. J Proteomics 2016; 140:81-99. [PMID: 27102494 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Alkylhydroperoxide reductase (AhpC), a 1-Cys peroxiredoxin is well known for maintaining the cellular homeostasis. Present study employs proteome approach to analyze and compare alterations in proteome of Anabaena PCC7120 in overexpressing (An+ahpC), deletion (An∆ahpC) and its wild type. 2-DE based analysis revealed that the major portion of identified protein belongs to energy metabolism, protein folding, modification and stress related proteins and carbohydrate metabolism. The two major traits discernible from An+ahpC were (i) augmentation of photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation (ii) modulation of regulatory network of antioxidative proteins. Increased accumulation of proteins of light reaction, dark reaction, pentose phosphate pathway and electron transfer agent FDX for nitrogenase in An+ahpC and their simultaneous downregulation in AnΔahpC demonstrates its role in augmenting photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation. Proteomic data was nicely corroborated with physiological, biochemical parameters displaying upregulation of nitrogenase (1.6 fold) PSI (1.08) and PSII (2.137) in An+ahpC. Furthermore, in silico analysis not only attested association of AhpC with peroxiredoxins but also with other players of antioxidative defense system viz. thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase. Above mentioned findings are in agreement with 33-40% and 40-60% better growth performance of An+ahpC over wild type and An∆ahpC respectively under abiotic stresses, suggesting its role in maintenance of metabolic machinery under stress. SIGNIFICANCE Present work explores key role of AhpC in mitigating stress in Anabaena PCC7120 through combined proteomic, biochemical and in silico investigations. This study is the first attempt to analyze and compare alterations in proteome of Anabaena PCC7120 following addition (overexpressing strain An+ahpC) and deletion (mutant An∆ahpC) of AhpC against its wild type. The effort resulted in two major traits in An+ahpC as (i) augmentation of photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation (ii) modulation of regulatory network of antioxidative proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok K Shrivastava
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sarita Pandey
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Shivam Yadav
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Yogesh Mishra
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Prashant K Singh
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Ruchi Rai
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Shilpi Singh
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Snigdha Rai
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - L C Rai
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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15
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Veronesi G, Gallon T, Deniaud A, Boff B, Gateau C, Lebrun C, Vidaud C, Rollin-Genetet F, Carrière M, Kieffer I, Mintz E, Delangle P, Michaud-Soret I. XAS Investigation of Silver(I) Coordination in Copper(I) Biological Binding Sites. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:11688-96. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Veronesi
- CNRS,
UMR 5249, CNRS-CEA-UJF; CEA;
and University Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux (LCBM), F-38054 Grenoble, France
- ESRF, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Thomas Gallon
- CNRS,
UMR 5249, CNRS-CEA-UJF; CEA;
and University Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux (LCBM), F-38054 Grenoble, France
- University
Grenoble Alpes and CEA, INAC-SCIB, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Aurélien Deniaud
- CNRS,
UMR 5249, CNRS-CEA-UJF; CEA;
and University Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux (LCBM), F-38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Bastien Boff
- University
Grenoble Alpes and CEA, INAC-SCIB, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Christelle Gateau
- University
Grenoble Alpes and CEA, INAC-SCIB, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Colette Lebrun
- University
Grenoble Alpes and CEA, INAC-SCIB, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Claude Vidaud
- CEA/DSV/iBEB/SBTN, BP 17171, 30207 Bagnols sur Cèze, France
| | | | - Marie Carrière
- University
Grenoble Alpes and CEA, INAC-SCIB, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Isabelle Kieffer
- BM30B/FAME
beamline, ESRF, F-38043 Grenoble cedex 9, France
- Observatoire
des Sciences de l’Univers de Grenoble, UMS 832 CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Elisabeth Mintz
- CNRS,
UMR 5249, CNRS-CEA-UJF; CEA;
and University Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux (LCBM), F-38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Pascale Delangle
- University
Grenoble Alpes and CEA, INAC-SCIB, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Isabelle Michaud-Soret
- CNRS,
UMR 5249, CNRS-CEA-UJF; CEA;
and University Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux (LCBM), F-38054 Grenoble, France
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16
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Rizzello L, Pompa PP. Nanosilver-based antibacterial drugs and devices: mechanisms, methodological drawbacks, and guidelines. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 43:1501-18. [PMID: 24292075 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60218d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 457] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Despite the current advancement in drug discovery and pharmaceutical biotechnology, infection diseases induced by bacteria continue to be one of the greatest health problems worldwide, afflicting millions of people annually. Almost all microorganisms have, in fact, an intrinsic outstanding ability to flout many therapeutic interventions, thanks to their fast and easy-to-occur evolutionary genetic mechanisms. At the same time, big pharmaceutical companies are losing interest in new antibiotics development, shifting their capital investments in much more profitable research and development fields. New smart solutions are, thus, required to overcome such concerns, and should combine the feasibility of industrial production processes with cheapness and effectiveness. In this framework, nanotechnology-based solutions, and in particular silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), have recently emerged as promising candidates in the market as new antibacterial agents. AgNPs display, in fact, enhanced broad-range antibacterial/antiviral properties, and their synthesis procedures are quite cost effective. However, despite their increasing impact on the market, many relevant issues are still open. These include the molecular mechanisms governing the AgNPs-bacteria interactions, the physico-chemical parameters underlying their toxicity to prokaryotes, the lack of standardized methods and materials, and the uncertainty in the definition of general strategies to develop smart antibacterial drugs and devices based on nanosilver. In this review, we analyze the experimental data on the bactericidal effects of AgNPs, discussing the complex scenario and presenting the potential drawbacks and limitations in the techniques and methods employed. Moreover, after analyzing in depth the main mechanisms involved, we provide some general strategies/procedures to perform antibacterial tests of AgNPs, and propose some general guidelines for the design of antibacterial nanosystems and devices based on silver/nanosilver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loris Rizzello
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Center for Bio-Molecular Nanotechnologies@UniLe, Via Barsanti, 73010 Arnesano (Lecce), Italy.
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17
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Antimicrobial activity of metals: mechanisms, molecular targets and applications. Nat Rev Microbiol 2013; 11:371-84. [PMID: 23669886 DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro3028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1342] [Impact Index Per Article: 122.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metals have been used as antimicrobial agents since antiquity, but throughout most of history their modes of action have remained unclear. Recent studies indicate that different metals cause discrete and distinct types of injuries to microbial cells as a result of oxidative stress, protein dysfunction or membrane damage. Here, we describe the chemical and toxicological principles that underlie the antimicrobial activity of metals and discuss the preferences of metal atoms for specific microbial targets. Interdisciplinary research is advancing not only our understanding of metal toxicity but also the design of metal-based compounds for use as antimicrobial agents and alternatives to antibiotics.
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18
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Active silver nanoparticles for wound healing. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:4817-40. [PMID: 23455461 PMCID: PMC3634485 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14034817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2012] [Revised: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this preliminary study, the silver nanoparticle (Ag NP)-based dressing, Acticoat™ Flex 3, has been applied to a 3D fibroblast cell culture in vitro and to a real partial thickness burn patient. The in vitro results show that Ag NPs greatly reduce mitochondrial activity, while cellular staining techniques show that nuclear integrity is maintained, with no signs of cell death. For the first time, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analyses were carried out on skin biopsies taken from a single patient during treatment. The results show that Ag NPs are released as aggregates and are localized in the cytoplasm of fibroblasts. No signs of cell death were observed, and the nanoparticles had different distributions within the cells of the upper and lower dermis. Depth profiles of the Ag concentrations were determined along the skin biopsies. In the healed sample, most of the silver remained in the surface layers, whereas in the unhealed sample, the silver penetrated more deeply. The Ag concentrations in the cell cultures were also determined. Clinical observations and experimental data collected here are consistent with previously published articles and support the safety of Ag NP-based dressing in wound treatment.
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19
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Chitosan/Carboxymethylcellulose/Ionic Liquid/Ag(0) Nanoparticles Form a Membrane with Antimicrobial Activity. JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1155/2013/140273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver metal nanoparticles were immobilized in chitosan/carboxymethylcellulose/BMI.BF4(1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid) (CS/CMC/IL) to form polymeric membrane with 20 μm thickness. The CS/CMC/IL polymeric membrane was prepared using a simple solution blending method. Irregularly shaped Ag(0) nanoparticles with monomodal size distributions of8.0±0.4 nm Ag(0) were immobilized in the membrane. The presence of small Ag(0) nanoparticles induced an augmentation in the CS/CMC/IL film surface areas. The CS/CMC/IL membrane containing Ag(0) showed increase antimicrobial activity the Ag(0) concentration increased up to saturation at 10 mg. CS/CMC/IL membrane that contains Ag(0) nanoparticles has enhanced durability of the membrane and exhibited stronger antimicrobial activity againstEscherichia coliandStaphylococcus aureus.
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20
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Li D, Zhou D, Wang P, Li L. Temperature affects cadmium-induced phytotoxicity involved in subcellular cadmium distribution and oxidative stress in wheat roots. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2011; 74:2029-2035. [PMID: 21680018 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2011] [Revised: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of temperature on Cd toxicity to wheat roots was evaluated in terms of the relative root length and subcellular distribution of Cd as well as the antioxidant enzymatic activities after exposed to Cd for 72 h under different temperatures. The result showed that the EC(50)-values for the relative root length were 9.24, 4.91 and 3.62 μM Cd at 18, 25 and 30°C, respectively. The Cd concentrations in the cellular metal-sensitive fraction or the potentially toxic fraction (cell debris fraction-Cd) were well correlated with the toxicity of Cd. Interestingly, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in wheat roots without Cd exposure were increased at 18°C compared to those at 25°C, while decreased at 30°C. The CAT activities decreased with increasing Cd level at 25 and 18°C but did not show the same change at 30°C, which could be explained by the subcellular distribution of Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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21
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Holland SL, Dyer PS, Bond CJ, James SA, Roberts IN, Avery SV. Candida argentea sp. nov., a copper and silver resistant yeast species. Fungal Biol 2011; 115:909-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2011.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Revised: 06/29/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Bhargava P, Kumar A, Mishra Y, Rai LC. Copper pretreatment augments ultraviolet B toxicity in the cyanobacterium Anabaena doliolum: a proteomic analysis of cell death. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2008; 35:360-372. [PMID: 32688793 DOI: 10.1071/fp07267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2007] [Accepted: 05/22/2008] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study provides first-hand proteomic characterisation of Cu-pretreatment-induced augmentation of ultraviolet B toxicity in the cyanobacterium Anabaena doliolum Bharadwaja. Of the three treatments (i.e. Cu, UV-B and Cu + UV-B) tested, the UV-B treatment of Cu-pretreated Anabaena produced a greater inhibition of oxygen evolution, 14C fixation, ATP and NADPH contents than UV-B alone. Proteomic analysis using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE), MALDI-TOF MS/MS and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of Cu, UV-B, and Cu + UV-B treated Anabaena exhibited significant and reproducible alterations in 12 proteins. Of these, manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), iron superoxide dismutase (Fe-SOD) and peroxiredoxin (PER) are antioxidative enzymes; ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCo), phosphoribulokinase (PRK), flavodoxin (Flv), plastocyanin (PLC), phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK), phycocyanin (PC) and phycoerythrocyanin α-chain (PC α-chain) are linked with photosynthesis and respiration; and DnaK and nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) are associated with cellular processes and light signalling, respectively. However, when subjected to a high dose of UV-B, Cu-pretreated Anabaena depicted a severe down-regulation of DnaK, NDPK and Flv, probably because of inevitable oxidative stress. Thus, the augmentation of UV-B toxicity by Cu can be attributed to the down-regulation of DnaK, NDPK and Flv.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Bhargava
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Algal Biology, Center of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Algal Biology, Center of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Yogesh Mishra
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Algal Biology, Center of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Lal Chand Rai
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Algal Biology, Center of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
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23
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Bhargava P, Mishra Y, Srivastava AK, Narayan OP, Rai LC. Excess copper induces anoxygenic photosynthesis in Anabaena doliolum: a homology based proteomic assessment of its survival strategy. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2008; 96:61-74. [PMID: 18165907 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-007-9285-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2007] [Accepted: 12/17/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This study is the first to demonstrate operation of anoxygenic photosynthesis in copper acclimated Anabaena doliolum and to offer proteomic comparison with the control cells. The Cu-treated control strain showed a negative correlation in growth and intracellular Cu, partial inhibition of O(2)-evolution, PS II, PS I, whole chain, chlorophyll absorption, and nitrogenase activity. However, the acclimated strain growing in 250-fold excess Cu exhibited near normal growth, ATP content, PS I activity, carbon fixation, and almost complete inhibition of O(2)-evolution, PS II and chlorophyll absorption, but increased nitrogenase activity as compared to control. Proteomic decoding of the survival strategy of Cu-treated control and the acclimated strain using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF MS analysis of proteins displaying significant and reproducible changes demonstrated involvement of transketolase, phycoerythrocyanin alpha-chain, iron superoxide dismutase (Fe-SOD), hypothetical protein alr 0803, manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), phosphoribulokinase, and plastocyanin (PLC). Expression pattern of these proteins was attested at the transcriptional level using RT-PCR. Time course analysis of proteins of Cu-treated control strain revealed almost no change in PLC level, and a minor accumulation of transketolase, phycoerythrocyanin alpha-chain and both isoforms of SOD after 7 and recovery after 10 days. Acclimated strain under excess Cu, however, exhibited significant accumulation of both isoforms of SOD, plastocyanin, phosphoribulokinase and transketolase, which seem to counteract oxidative damage, serve as an alternate electron carrier from cytochrome b6/f complex to photosystem I and meet the NADPH and ATP requirements, respectively, under anoxygenic photosynthesis. In view of the kinetics of the hypothetical protein alr0803 (no change in expression level for 7, maximum after 10 and decline after 15 days) its involvement in metal homeostasis is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Bhargava
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Algal Biology, Center of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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24
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Nadagouda MN, Varma RS. Synthesis of Thermally Stable Carboxymethyl Cellulose/Metal Biodegradable Nanocomposites for Potential Biological Applications. Biomacromolecules 2007; 8:2762-7. [PMID: 17665946 DOI: 10.1021/bm700446p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A green approach is described that generates bulk quantities of nanocomposites containing transition metals such as Cu, Ag, In, and Fe at room temperature using a biodegradable polymer, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), by reacting respective metal salts with the sodium salt of CMC in aqueous media. These nanocomposites exhibit broader decomposition temperatures when compared with control CMC, and Ag-based CMC nanocomposites exhibit a luminescent property at longer wavelengths. The noble metals such as Au, Pt, and Pd do not react at room temperature with aqueous solutions of CMC, but do so rapidly under microwave irradiation (MW) conditions at 100 degrees C. This environmentally benign approach, which provides facile entry to the production of multiple shaped noble nanostructures without using any toxic reducing agent such as sodium borohydride (NaBH4), hydroxylamine hydrochloride, and so forth, and/or a capping/surfactant agent, and which uses a benign biodegradable polymer CMC, could find widespread technological and medicinal applications. The ensuing nanocomposites derived at room temperature and MW conditions were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray mapping, energy-dispersive analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallikarjuna N Nadagouda
- Sustainable Technology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, MS 443, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA
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25
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Schmidt A, Schmidt A, Haferburg G, Kothe E. Superoxide dismutases of heavy metal resistant streptomycetes. J Basic Microbiol 2007; 47:56-62. [PMID: 17304620 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.200610213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metal tolerant and resistant strains of streptomycetes isolated from a former uranium mining site were screened for their superoxide dismutase expression. From the strains tolerating high concentrations of different heavy metals, one was selected for its tolerance of concentrations of heavy metals (Ni, Cu, Cd, Cr, Mn, Zn, Fe). This strain, Streptomyces acidiscabies E13, was chosen for the purpose of superoxide dismutase analysis. Gel electrophoresis and activity staining revealed only one each of a nickel (NiSOD) and an iron (FeZnSOD) containing superoxide dismutase as shown by differential enzymatic repression studies. The gene for nickel containing superoxide dismutase, sodN, was cloned and sequenced from this strain. The genomic sequence shows 92.7% nucleotide identity and 96.1% amino acid identity to sodN of S. coelicolor. Expression can be activated by nickel as well as other heavy metals and active enzyme is produced in media lacking nickel but containing copper, iron or zinc. Thus, the selected strain is well suited for further characterization of the enzyme encoded by sodN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Schmidt
- Microbial Phytopathology, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
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26
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Carlini P, Ferranti P, Polizio F, Ciriolo MR, Rotilio G. Purification and characterization of Alpha-Fetoprotein from the human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cell line in serum-free medium. Biometals 2007; 20:869-78. [PMID: 17256105 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-006-9080-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2006] [Accepted: 12/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a tumor-associated embryonic molecule whose precise biological function remains unclear. A complete definition of the physiological activities of this oncofetal protein has been severely limited, until now, by the lack of a purification procedure appropriate to obtain pure AFP in appreciable amount. The present report describes a purification procedure extremely rapid and simple and takes advantage of the well-known fact that AFP contains copper. We have developed a single-step purification procedure by immobilized copper-chelate affinity chromatography using the culture medium from human hepatoblastoma cell line HepG2 grown in the absence of serum. This method yields AFP at high purity and high yield. Purified AFP amino acid sequence, molecular mass, carbohydrate structure, and copper content were found to be in line with previous studies. Moreover, we found that the purified AFP has superoxide dismutase activity with efficiency similar to that of the native Cu, Zn SODs at physiological pH. This result may provide further support to the idea that AFP is a bifunctional protein, acting in cellular defence against oxidative stress both as a copper buffer and as a superoxide radical scavenger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Carlini
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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27
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Worms I, Simon DF, Hassler CS, Wilkinson KJ. Bioavailability of trace metals to aquatic microorganisms: importance of chemical, biological and physical processes on biouptake. Biochimie 2006; 88:1721-31. [PMID: 17049417 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2006.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2006] [Accepted: 09/07/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
An important challenge in environmental biogeochemistry is the determination of the bioavailability of toxic and essential trace compounds in natural media. For trace metals, it is now clear that chemical speciation must be taken into account when predicting bioavailability. Over the past 20 years, equilibrium models (free ion activity model (FIAM), biotic ligand model (BLM)) have been increasingly developed to describe metal bioavailability in environmental systems, despite the fact that environmental systems are always dynamic and rarely at equilibrium. In these simple (relatively successful) models, any reduction in the available, reactive species of the metal due to competition, complexation or other reactions will reduce metal bioaccumulation and thus biological effects. Recently, it has become clear that biological, physical and chemical reactions occurring in the immediate proximity of the biological surface also play an important role in controlling trace metal bioavailability through shifts in the limiting biouptake fluxes. Indeed, for microorganisms, examples of biological (transport across membrane), chemical (dissociation kinetics of metal complexes) and physical (diffusion) limitation can be demonstrated. Furthermore, the organism can employ a number of biological internalization strategies to get around limitations that are imposed on it by the physicochemistry of the medium. The use of a single transport site by several metals or the use of several transport sites by a single metal further complicates the prediction of uptake or effects using the simple chemical models. Finally, once inside the microorganism the cell is able to employ a large number of strategies including complexation, compartmentalization, efflux or the production of extracellular ligands to minimize or optimize the reactivity of the metal. The prediction of trace metal bioavailability will thus require multidisciplinary advances in our understanding of the reactions occurring at and near the biological interface. By taking into account medium constraints and biological adaptability, future bioavailability modeling will certainly become more robust.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Worms
- CABE (Analytical and Biophysical Environmental Chemistry), University of Geneva, 30, quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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28
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Sumner ER, Shanmuganathan A, Sideri TC, Willetts SA, Houghton JE, Avery SV. Oxidative protein damage causes chromium toxicity in yeast. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2005; 151:1939-1948. [PMID: 15942001 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.27945-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative damage in microbial cells occurs during exposure to the toxic metal chromium, but it is not certain whether such oxidation accounts for the toxicity of Cr. Here, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae sod1Delta mutant (defective for the Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase) was found to be hypersensitive to Cr(VI) toxicity under aerobic conditions, but this phenotype was suppressed under anaerobic conditions. Studies with cells expressing a Sod1p variant (Sod1(H46C)) showed that the superoxide dismutase activity rather than the metal-binding function of Sod1p was required for Cr resistance. To help identify the macromolecular target(s) of Cr-dependent oxidative damage, cells deficient for the reduction of phospholipid hydroperoxides (gpx3Delta and gpx1Delta/gpx2Delta/gpx3Delta) and for the repair of DNA oxidation (ogg1Delta and rad30Delta/ogg1Delta) were tested, but were found not to be Cr-sensitive. In contrast, S. cerevisiae msraDelta (mxr1Delta) and msrbDelta (ycl033cDelta) mutants defective for peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase (MSR) activity exhibited a Cr sensitivity phenotype, and cells overexpressing these enzymes were Cr-resistant. Overexpression of MSRs also suppressed the Cr sensitivity of sod1Delta cells. The inference that protein oxidation is a primary mechanism of Cr toxicity was corroborated by an observed approximately 20-fold increase in the cellular levels of protein carbonyls within 30 min of Cr exposure. Carbonylation was not distributed evenly among the expressed proteins of the cells; certain glycolytic enzymes and heat-shock proteins were specifically targeted by Cr-dependent oxidative damage. This study establishes an oxidative mode of Cr toxicity in S. cerevisiae, which primarily involves oxidative damage to cellular proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward R Sumner
- School of Biology, Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Anupama Shanmuganathan
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, University Plaza, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Theodora C Sideri
- School of Biology, Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Sylvia A Willetts
- School of Biology, Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - John E Houghton
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, University Plaza, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Simon V Avery
- School of Biology, Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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Barbey R, Baudouin-Cornu P, Lee TA, Rouillon A, Zarzov P, Tyers M, Thomas D. Inducible dissociation of SCF(Met30) ubiquitin ligase mediates a rapid transcriptional response to cadmium. EMBO J 2005; 24:521-32. [PMID: 15660125 PMCID: PMC548661 DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2004] [Accepted: 12/22/2004] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Activity of the Met4 transcription factor is antagonized by the SCF(Met30) ubiquitin ligase by degradation-dependent and degradation-independent mechanisms, in minimal and rich nutrient conditions, respectively. In this study, we show that the heavy metal Cd2+ over-rides both mechanisms to enable rapid Met4-dependent induction of metabolic networks needed for production of the antioxidant and Cd2+-chelating agent glutathione. Cd2+ inhibits SCF(Met30) activity through rapid dissociation of the F-box protein Met30 from the holocomplex. In minimal medium, dissociation of SCF(Met30) complex is sufficient to impair the methionine-induced degradation of Met4. In rich medium, dissociation of the SCF(Met30) complex is accompanied by a deubiquitylation mechanism that rapidly removes inhibitory ubiquitin moieties from Met4. Post-translational control of SCF(Met30) assembly by a physiological stress to allow rapid induction of a protective gene expression program represents a novel mode of regulation in the ubiquitin system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Régine Barbey
- Centre de Génétique Moléculaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvettte, France
| | - Peggy Baudouin-Cornu
- Centre de Génétique Moléculaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvettte, France
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Traci A Lee
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | - Mike Tyers
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Dominique Thomas
- Centre de Génétique Moléculaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvettte, France
- Cytomics Systems SA, Gif sur Yvette, France
- Cytomics Systems, Bat 5, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvettte, France. Tel.: +33 1 6982 4266; Fax: +33 1 6982 4372; E-mail:
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Hernández-Saavedra NY. Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase in Rhodotorula and Udeniomyces spp. isolated from sea water: cloning and sequencing the encoding region. Yeast 2003; 20:479-92. [PMID: 12722182 DOI: 10.1002/yea.982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The gene encoding the copper-zinc superoxide dismutase enzyme (SODC or Cu,Zn-SOD) has been cloned from several species of higher eukaryotes, but superoxide dismutase genes from moulds and yeast have not been studied extensively. Only 15 nucleotide sequences have been reported in the SwissProt, EMBL and GenBank data libraries. In general the presence of Cu,Zn-SOD in cytosol, as well as Mn-SOD in the mitochondrial matrix of yeast, has been accepted. The absence of Cu,Zn-SOD in a pigmented yeast has been accepted as a general rule. Some authors suggest that the absence of Cu,Zn-SOD in pigmented yeast is complemented by the presence of carotenoproteins that act as an extra mitochondrial antioxidant. In this report, we found that the absence of SODC is not a rule for pigmented yeast: Udeniomyces puniceus expresses an active SODC which responds to Cu(2+) induction, as has been reported previously for non-pigmented yeast. The encoding region of the sod1 gene was cloned from three species of pigmented marine yeast thorough genomic DNA PCR amplification. Fragments of 485-487 nucleotides were obtained, which contain information for theoretical products of 153-154 amino acids. In Rhodotorula mucilaginosa the deduced amino acid sequence shows that insertion of three bases (C(112), A(149) and C(166)) generates a stop codon at position 123 (TGA). For Rhodotorula graminis a single change (T for A) generates a stop codon at position 298. For both species, this non-transcription of encoding sequence correlates with the absence of peptides or active proteins in cell homogenates. For U. puniceus, the cloned nucleotide sequence contains all necessary information to produce a functional protein, which correlates with activity detected in cell homogenates, both under normal conditions and by copper induction experiments. Finally, we clearly showed that the key factor in protection against oxidative stress on pigmented yeast is related not only to the presence of protective pigments but also to their amounts and spectra, as well as the presence and activity of SODC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norma Y Hernández-Saavedra
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, Marine Pathology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, PO Box 128, La Paz, BCS 23000, México.
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Avery SV. Metal toxicity in yeasts and the role of oxidative stress. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2002; 49:111-42. [PMID: 11757348 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2164(01)49011-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S V Avery
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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Geslin C, Llanos J, Prieur D, Jeanthon C. The manganese and iron superoxide dismutases protect Escherichia coli from heavy metal toxicity. Res Microbiol 2001; 152:901-5. [PMID: 11766965 DOI: 10.1016/s0923-2508(01)01273-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are vital components that defend against oxidative stress through decomposition of superoxide radical. Escherichia coli contains two highly homologous SODs, a manganese- and an iron-containing enzyme (Mn-SOD and Fe-SOD, respectively). In contrast, a single Mn-SOD is present in Bacillus subtilis. In E. coli, the absence of SODs was found to be associated with an increased sensitivity to cadmium, nickel and cobalt ions. Mutants lacking either sodA or sodB exhibited metal resistance to levels comparable to that of the wild-type strain. Although sod-deficient mutant cells were more resistant to zinc than their wild-type counterpart, no differences between the strains were observed in the presence of copper. In B. subtilis, the sodA mutation had no effect on cadmium and copper resistance. These results suggest that intracellular generation of superoxide by cadmium, nickel and cobalt is toxic in E. coli. They support the participation of sod genes in its protection against metal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Geslin
- UMR 6539, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Technopole Brest-Iroise, Plouzané, France
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Hernández-Saavedra NY, Romero-Geraldo R. Cloning and sequencing the genomic encoding region of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase enzyme from several marine strains of the genus Debaryomyces (Lodder & Kreger-van Rij). Yeast 2001; 18:1227-38. [PMID: 11561290 DOI: 10.1002/yea.768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SODC) is a cytosolic enzyme which catalyses the dismutation of the superoxide radical. Due to its physiological importance, the encoding genes have been cloned from several species of higher eukaryotes. However, genes from moulds and yeast have not been studied extensively. In this paper, the encoding region of this gene (sod1) has been cloned from several strains of marine yeast belonging to the genus Debaryomyces (dvv sod1, dvy sod1 and dh sod1-61) through genomic DNA-PCR amplification. Fragments of 480-486 nucleotides were obtained, which contain information for products of 153-156 amino acids with calculated molecular masses of 15.8-16.6 kDa. The deduced amino acid sequence shows that D. vanrijiae enzymes present three additional amino acids not closely related to the active site conformation. In addition, in D. vanrijiae var. vanrijiae (strain 020), one histidine residue is apparently replaced by a proline; the incidence and function of other aromatic or heterocyclic amino acids is discussed. Homology and phylogenetic trees were constructed from amino-acid sequence multi-alignment analyses; the interrelationships among fungi are discussed. The sod-1 sequences reported in this paper were deposited in the public data library of the NCBI under Accession Nos AF301019, AF327449 and AF327448.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Y Hernández-Saavedra
- Centre for Biological Research of the Northwest (CIBNOR), Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Marine Pathology Unit, PO Box 128, La Paz 23000, Baja California Sur, México.
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Ciriolo MR, Battistoni A, Falconi M, Filomeni G, Rotilio G. Role of the electrostatic loop of Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase in the copper uptake process. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 2001; 268:737-42. [PMID: 11168413 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2001.01928.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cu,Zn superoxide dismutases are characterized by the presence of four highly conserved charged residues (Lys120, Glu/Asp130, Glu131 and Lys134), which are placed at the edge of the active site channel and have been shown to be individually involved in the electrostatic attraction of the substrate toward the catalytically active copper ion. By genetic engineering we mutated these four residues into neutrally charged ones (Leu120, Gln130, Gln131, Thr134). The effects of these mutations on the rate of superoxide dismutation were not dramatic. In fact, at two different pH and ionic strength values, the mutant enzyme had a catalytic constant even higher with respect to the wild-type protein, showing that electrostatic interaction at these surface sites is not essential for high catalytic efficiency of the enzyme. The mutant and the wild-type enzyme showed the same degree of inhibition by CN(-), and both were not affected by I(-), showing that mutations did not alter the sensitivity of the enzyme to anions. On the other hand, reconstitution of active enzyme from either the wild-type or mutant copper-free enzymes with a copper(I)-glutathione [Cu(I)-GSH] complex showed that metal uptake by the mutant was much slower than by the wild-type enzyme. The demonstration that the 'electrostatic loop' is apparently conserved to assure optimal copper uptake by the enzyme, rather than fast dismutation, may provide further support to the idea that Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase is a bifunctional protein, acting in cellular defense against oxidative stress both as a copper buffer and as a superoxide radical scavenger.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Ciriolo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chieti G. D'Annunzio, Via dei Vestini 66100 Chieti, Italy.
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Ciriolo MR, De Martino A, Lafavia E, Rossi L, Carrì MT, Rotilio G. Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase-dependent apoptosis induced by nitric oxide in neuronal cells. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:5065-72. [PMID: 10671549 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.7.5065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) challenge to human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) ultimately results in apoptosis. Tumor suppressor protein p53 and cell cycle inhibitor p21 accumulate as an early sign of S-nitrosoglutathione-mediated toxicity. Cytochrome c release from mitochondria and caspase 3 activation also occurred. Cells transfected with either wild type (WT) or mutant (G93A) Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD) produced comparable amounts of nitrite/nitrate but showed different degree of apoptosis. G93A cells were the most affected and WT cells the most protected; however, Cu, Zn-SOD content of these two cell lines was 2-fold the SH-SY5Y cells under both resting and treated conditions. We linked decreased susceptibility of the WT cells to higher and more stable Bcl-2 and decreased reactive oxygen species. Conversely, we linked G93A susceptibility to increased reactive oxygen species production since simultaneous administration of S-nitrosoglutathione and copper chelators protects from apoptosis. Furthermore, G93A cells showed a significant decrease of Bcl-2 expression and, as target of NO-derived radicals, showed lower cytochrome c oxidase activity. These results demonstrate that resistance to NO-mediated apoptosis is strictly related to the level and integrity of Cu,Zn-SOD and that the balance between reactive nitrogen and reactive oxygen species regulates neuroblastoma apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Ciriolo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chieti "G. D'Annunzio," via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
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Variable influence of ferric and cupric ions on Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains used in asymmetric organic synthesis. Biotechnol Lett 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00127902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Beveridge TJ, Hughes MN, Lee H, Leung KT, Poole RK, Savvaidis I, Silver S, Trevors JT. Metal-microbe interactions: contemporary approaches. Adv Microb Physiol 1996; 38:177-243. [PMID: 8922121 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2911(08)60158-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T J Beveridge
- Department of Microbiology, College of Biological Science, University of Guelph, Canada
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Culotta VC, Joh HD, Lin SJ, Slekar KH, Strain J. A physiological role for Saccharomyces cerevisiae copper/zinc superoxide dismutase in copper buffering. J Biol Chem 1995; 270:29991-7. [PMID: 8530401 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.50.29991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The copper toxicity of yeast lacking the CUP1 metallothionein is suppressed by overexpression of the CRS4 gene. We now demonstrate that CRS4 is equivalent to SOD1, encoding copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD). While overexpression of SOD1 enhanced copper resistance, a deletion of SOD1, but not SOD2 (encoding manganese SOD), conferred an increased sensitivity toward copper. This role of SOD1 in copper buffering appears unrelated to its superoxide scavenging activity, since the enzyme protected against copper toxicity in anaerobic as well as aerobic conditions. The distinct roles of SOD1 in copper and oxygen radical homeostasis could also be separated genetically: the pmr1, bsd2, and ATX1 genes that suppress oxygen toxicity in sod1 mutants failed to suppress the copper sensitivity of these cells. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae SOD1 gene is transcriptionally induced by copper and the ACE1 transactivator, and we demonstrate here that this induction of SOD1 promotes protection against copper toxicity but is not needed for the SOD1-protection against oxygen free radicals. Collectively, these findings indicate that copper/zinc SOD functions in the homeostasis of copper via mechanisms distinct from superoxide scavenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- V C Culotta
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
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