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Suvorina MY, Stepanova EA, Rameev VV, Kozlovskaya LV, Glukhov AS, Kuznitsyna AA, Surin AK, Galzitskaya OV. First Report of Lysozyme Amyloidosis with p.F21L/T88N Amino Acid Substitutions in a Russian Family. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14453. [PMID: 37833900 PMCID: PMC10572506 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysozyme amyloidosis is caused by an amino acid substitution in the sequence of this protein. In our study, we described a clinical case of lysozyme amyloidosis in a Russian family. In our work, we described in detail the histological changes in tissues that appeared as a result of massive deposition of amyloid aggregates that affected almost all organ systems, with the exception of the central nervous system. We determined the type of amyloidosis and mutations using mass spectrometry. Using mass spectrometry, the protein composition of tissue samples of patient 1 (autopsy material) and patient 2 (biopsy material) with histologically confirmed amyloid deposits were analyzed. Amino acid substitutions p.F21L/T88N in the lysozyme sequence were identified in both sets of samples and confirmed by sequencing of the lysozyme gene of members of this family. We have shown the inheritance of these mutations in the lysozyme gene in members of the described family. For the first time, we discovered a mutation in the first exon p.F21L of the lysozyme gene, which, together with p.T88N amino acid substitution, led to amyloidosis in members of the studied family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Yu. Suvorina
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (M.Y.S.); (A.S.G.); (A.A.K.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Elena A. Stepanova
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education “Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 125993 Moscow, Russia;
- State Budgetary Healthcare Institution “City Clinical Hospital named after V.M. Buyanov of Moscow Healthcare Department”, 115516 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vilen V. Rameev
- Tareev’s Clinic of Internal, Occupational Diseases and Rheumatology, Sechenov’s First Moscow State Medical University, 119021 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.R.); (L.V.K.)
| | - Lidiya V. Kozlovskaya
- Tareev’s Clinic of Internal, Occupational Diseases and Rheumatology, Sechenov’s First Moscow State Medical University, 119021 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.R.); (L.V.K.)
| | - Anatoly S. Glukhov
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (M.Y.S.); (A.S.G.); (A.A.K.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Anastasiya A. Kuznitsyna
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (M.Y.S.); (A.S.G.); (A.A.K.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Alexey K. Surin
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (M.Y.S.); (A.S.G.); (A.A.K.); (A.K.S.)
- Branch of the Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
- State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 142279 Obolensk, Russia
| | - Oxana V. Galzitskaya
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (M.Y.S.); (A.S.G.); (A.A.K.); (A.K.S.)
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
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Uno S, Masuya T, Zdorevskyi O, Ikunishi R, Shinzawa-Itoh K, Lasham J, Sharma V, Murai M, Miyoshi H. Diverse reaction behaviors of artificial ubiquinones in mitochondrial respiratory complex I. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102075. [PMID: 35643318 PMCID: PMC9243180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquinone (UQ) reduction step catalyzed by NADH-UQ oxidoreductase (mitochondrial respiratory complex I) is key to triggering proton translocation across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Structural studies have identified a long, narrow, UQ-accessing tunnel within the enzyme. We previously demonstrated that synthetic oversized UQs, which are unlikely to transit this narrow tunnel, are catalytically reduced by native complex I embedded in submitochondrial particles but not by the isolated enzyme. To explain this contradiction, we hypothesized that access of oversized UQs to the reaction site is obstructed in the isolated enzyme because their access route is altered following detergent solubilization from the inner mitochondrial membrane. In the present study, we investigated this using two pairs of photoreactive UQs (pUQm-1/pUQp-1 and pUQm-2/pUQp-2), with each pair having the same chemical properties except for a ∼1.0 Å difference in side-chain widths. Despite this subtle difference, reduction of the wider pUQs by the isolated complex was significantly slower than of the narrower pUQs, but both were similarly reduced by the native enzyme. In addition, photoaffinity-labeling experiments using the four [125I]pUQs demonstrated that their side chains predominantly label the ND1 subunit with both enzymes but at different regions around the tunnel. Finally, we show that the suppressive effects of different types of inhibitors on the labeling significantly changed depending on [125I]pUQs used, indicating that [125I]pUQs and these inhibitors do not necessarily share a common binding cavity. Altogether, we conclude that the reaction behaviors of pUQs cannot be simply explained by the canonical UQ tunnel model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinpei Uno
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Masuya
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Ryo Ikunishi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kyoko Shinzawa-Itoh
- Department of Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Jonathan Lasham
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vivek Sharma
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Masatoshi Murai
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hideto Miyoshi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Novel Nematode-Killing Protein-1 (Nkp-1) from a Marine Epiphytic Bacterium Pseudoalteromonas tunicata. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111586. [PMID: 34829814 PMCID: PMC8615270 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance among parasitic nematodes has resulted in an urgent need for the development of new therapies. However, the high re-discovery rate of anti-nematode compounds from terrestrial environments necessitates a new repository for future drug research. Marine epiphytes are hypothesised to produce nematicidal compounds as a defence against bacterivorous predators, thus representing a promising yet underexplored source for anti-nematode drug discovery. The marine epiphytic bacterium Pseudoalteromonas tunicata is known to produce several bioactive compounds. Screening heterologously expressed genomic libraries of P. tunicata against the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, identified as an E. coli clone (HG8), shows fast-killing activity. Here we show that clone HG8 produces a novel nematode-killing protein-1 (Nkp-1) harbouring a predicted carbohydrate-binding domain with weak homology to known bacterial pore-forming toxins. We found bacteria expressing Nkp-1 were able to colonise the C. elegans intestine, with exposure to both live bacteria and protein extracts resulting in physical damage and necrosis, leading to nematode death within 24 h of exposure. Furthermore, this study revealed C. elegans dar (deformed anal region) and internal hatching may act as a nematode defence strategy against Nkp-1 toxicity. The characterisation of this novel protein and putative mode of action not only contributes to the development of novel anti-nematode applications in the future but reaffirms the potential of marine epiphytic bacteria as a new source of novel biomolecules.
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Vélez-del-Burgo A, Sánchez P, Suñen E, Martínez J, Postigo I. Purified Native and Recombinant Major Alternaria alternata Allergen (Alt a 1) Induces Allergic Asthma in the Murine Model. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7110896. [PMID: 34829186 PMCID: PMC8624818 DOI: 10.3390/jof7110896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeroallergens such us the spores of Alternaria alternata are described as the most important agents associated with respiratory allergies and severe asthma. Various experimental models of asthma have been developed using A. alternata extracts to study the pathogenesis of asthma, establishing the main parameters that trigger the asthmatic response. In this study, we describe a mouse model of asthma induced only by Alt a 1. To induce the allergic response, mice were challenged intranasally with the major allergen of A. alternata, Alt a 1. The presence of eosinophils in the lungs, elevated concentrations of Th2 family cytokines, lymphocyte proliferation and elevated IgE total serum levels indicated that the sensitisation and challenge with Alt a 1 induced the development of airway inflammation. Histological studies showed an eosinophilic cellular infiltrate in the lung tissue of mice instilled with Alt a 1. We demonstrate that Alt a 1 alone is capable of inducing a lung inflammatory response with an increase in IgE serum levels mimicking the allergic asthma immunoresponse when it is administered into BALB/c mice. This model will allow the evaluation of the immunoregulatory or immunotolerant capacity of several molecules that can be used in targeted immunotherapy for fungal allergic asthma.
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Guo Z, Quan HH, Chen C, Zeng C, Qian Z, Li M. Isolation and Purification of Organophosphorus Hydrolases Secreted from Acetone-acclimated Phosphorus Accumulating Organisms and Study of Their Properties for Hydrophobic Organophosphorus Sensor. ANAL SCI 2021; 37:1253-1258. [PMID: 33612559 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.21p001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The present work studied an acclimation method for phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs) with a high content of acetone in culture solutions to develop microbial-based enzyme sensors for highly hydrophobic organophosphorus (OP) pesticides. Through three steps of cultivation and acclimation, only rod-shaped bacteria survived among the various PAOs. The extracellular enzymes released from the acclimated PAOs were salted out by using ammonium sulfate, then purified by a dialysis membrane and a DEAE-Sepharose FF anion exchange column. Two enzyme components were successfully separated-both of which showed hydrolase activity on disodium p-nitrophenyl phosphate (enzyme I, 1.57 μmol/(min·μg); enzyme II, 0.88 μmol/(min·μg) at 45°C). Further, SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis results showed that the molecular weights of enzymes I and II were about 15.11 and 11.98 kDa, respectively. On this basis, the applicability of the enzyme in hydrophobic OP biosensors was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixian Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University
| | - Hong Hua Quan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University
| | - Chuanpin Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University
| | | | | | - Ming Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University
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Ilesanmi OS, Adedugbe OF, Adewale IO. Potentials of purified tyrosinase from yam ( Dioscorea spp) as a biocatalyst in the synthesis of cross-linked protein networks. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07831. [PMID: 34485728 PMCID: PMC8405987 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the usefulness of yam tyrosinase as a catalyst in the synthesis of cross-linked protein networks for biopolymers. The enzyme was purified using aqueous two-phase partitioning (ATPs) and peptide mapping on SDS-PAGE was carried out to ascertain degree of similarities of tyrosinase from the yam species. The mapping revealed distinct peptide bands of 3, 4, 4 and 2 for tyrosinase from D. praehensilis, D. alata, D. rotundata and C. esculenta respectively purified using conventional method. In contrast, continuous broad band was noticed for the ATPS-purified enzymes due to bound polyethylene glycol (PEG). Tyrosinase from D. praehensilis with overall better properties was used in the synthesis of cross-linked protein networks. The enzyme catalyzed conversion of soluble proteins from whey, moringa leaves, pumpkin leaves and cow blood into fibrous (cross-linked) protein networks for improved properties and functionalities. The purified tyrosinase from D. praehensilis was also covalently bonded to bovine serum albumin (BSA) forming tyrosinase-BSA adduct with molecular weight of 118 ± 2.0 kDa, revealing its potential as a reporter enzyme by reporting BSA. The overall result further reinforces yam tyrosinase as an enzyme of interest in various biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Isaac Olusanjo Adewale
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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Wang Y, Wang Z, Gupta P, Morrissey JJ, Naik RR, Singamaneni S. Enhancing the Stability of COVID-19 Serological Assay through Metal-Organic Framework Encapsulation. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100410. [PMID: 34297470 PMCID: PMC8427112 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay is widely utilized in serologic assays, including COVID‐19, for the detection and quantification of antibodies against SARS‐CoV‐2. However, due to the limited stability of the diagnostic reagents (e.g., antigens serving as biorecognition elements) and biospecimens, temperature‐controlled storage and handling conditions are critical. This limitation among others makes biodiagnostics in resource‐limited settings, where refrigeration and electricity are inaccessible or unreliable, particularly challenging. In this work, metal–organic framework encapsulation is demonstrated as a simple and effective method to preserve the conformational epitopes of antigens immobilized on microtiter plate under non‐refrigerated storage conditions. It is demonstrated that in situ growth of zeolitic imidazolate framework‐90 (ZIF‐90) renders excellent stability to surface‐bound SARS‐CoV‐2 antigens, thereby maintaining the assay performance under elevated temperature (40 °C) for up to 4 weeks. As a complementary method, the preservation of plasma samples from COVID‐19 patients using ZIF‐90 encapsulation is also demonstrated. The energy‐efficient approach demonstrated here will not only alleviate the financial burden associated with cold‐chain transportation, but also improve the disease surveillance in resource‐limited settings with more reliable clinical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Institute of Materials Science and Engineering Washington University in St. Louis Saint Louis MO 63130 USA
| | - Zheyu Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Institute of Materials Science and Engineering Washington University in St. Louis Saint Louis MO 63130 USA
| | - Prashant Gupta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Institute of Materials Science and Engineering Washington University in St. Louis Saint Louis MO 63130 USA
| | - Jeremiah J. Morrissey
- Department of Anesthesiology Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO 63110 USA
- Siteman Cancer Center Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO 63130 USA
| | - Rajesh R. Naik
- 711th Human Performance Wing Air Force Research Laboratory Wright Patterson Air Force Base Dayton OH 45433 USA
| | - Srikanth Singamaneni
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Institute of Materials Science and Engineering Washington University in St. Louis Saint Louis MO 63130 USA
- Siteman Cancer Center Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO 63130 USA
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Yuhara H, Ohtani A, Matano M, Kashiwagi Y, Maehashi K. Molecular characterization of a novel aspartyl aminopeptidase that contributes to the increase in glutamic acid content in chicken meat during cooking. FOOD CHEMISTRY: MOLECULAR SCIENCES 2021; 2:100015. [PMID: 35415631 PMCID: PMC8991601 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2021.100015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Chicken homogenate produced significantly more free glutamic acid than beef while heating. DNPEP protein was detected in chicken meat extract by immunoblotting. Chicken DNPEP gene expression was detected in the breast and thigh muscles by RT-PCR. Recombinant cDNPEP showed high preference for glutamyl residues over aspartyl residues. The contribution of DNPEP to a great increase in glutamate in chicken meat during cooking was expected.
The enzyme involved in the increase in glutamic acid content in chicken meat during cooking was identified and characterized. Chicken homogenate produced significantly more free glutamic acid and exhibited higher glutamyl p-nitroanilide (Glu-pNA) hydrolyzing activity than beef when heat cooked. Amino acid sequencing revealed the presence of aspartyl aminopeptidase (DNPEP) in chicken meat. Using RT-PCR, DNPEP gene expression was detected in chicken breast and thigh muscles, liver, and small intestine, together with various other peptidase genes. Full-length DNPEP cDNA was cloned, and recombinant chicken DNPEP (cDNPEP) was expressed in Escherichia coli. cDNPEP showed five-fold higher activity against Glu-pNA than against aspartyl-pNA, which represents a different substrate specificity than observed for recombinant bovine DNPEP (bDNPEP). The Km values of both DNPEPs with Glu p-NA substrates indicated a higher affinity of cDNPEP for glutamyl residues. This unique substrate specificity of cDNPEP contributes to efficient glutamic acid production in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Yuhara
- Department of Fermentation Science and Technology, Graduate School of Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Akira Ohtani
- Department of Fermentation Science and Technology, Graduate School of Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Mami Matano
- Department of Fermentation Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kashiwagi
- Department of Fermentation Science and Technology, Graduate School of Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
- Department of Fermentation Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Kenji Maehashi
- Department of Fermentation Science and Technology, Graduate School of Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
- Department of Fermentation Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
- Corresponding author at: Department of Fermentation Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.
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Fleminger G, Dayan A. The moonlighting activities of dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase: Biotechnological and biomedical applications. J Mol Recognit 2021; 34:e2924. [PMID: 34164859 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLDH) is a homodimeric flavin-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the NAD+ -dependent oxidation of dihydrolipoamide. The enzyme is part of several multi-enzyme complexes such as the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase system that transforms pyruvate into acetyl-co-A. Concomitantly with its redox activity, DLDH produces Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), which are involved in cellular apoptotic processes. DLDH possesses several moonlighting functions. One of these is the capacity to adhere to metal-oxides surfaces. This was first exemplified by the presence of an exocellular form of the enzyme on the cell-wall surface of Rhodococcus ruber. This capability was evolutionarily conserved and identified in the human, mitochondrial, DLDH. The enzyme was modified with Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) groups, which enabled its interaction with integrin-rich cancer cells followed by "integrin-assisted-endocytosis." This allowed harnessing the enzyme for cancer therapy. Combining the TiO2 -binding property with DLDH's ROS-production, enabled us to develop several medical applications including improving oesseointegration of TiO2 -based implants and photodynamic treatment for melanoma. The TiO2 -binding sites of both the bacterial and human DLDH's were identified on the proteins' molecules at regions that overlap with the binding site of E3-binding protein (E3BP). This protein is essential in forming the multiunit structure of PDC. Another moonlighting activity of DLDH, which is described in this Review, is its DNA-binding capacity that may affect DNA chelation and shredding leading to apoptotic processes in living cells. The typical ROS-generation by DLDH, which occurs in association with its enzymatic activity and its implications in cancer and apoptotic cell death are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gideon Fleminger
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, The George Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Avraham Dayan
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, The George Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
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Specific chemical modification explores dynamic structure of the NqrB subunit in Na +-pumping NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase from Vibrio cholerae. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2021; 1862:148432. [PMID: 33932367 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2021.148432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The Na+-pumping NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Na+-NQR) is a main ion transporter in many pathogenic bacteria. We previously proposed that N-terminal stretch of the NqrB subunit plays an important role in regulating the ubiquinone reaction at the adjacent NqrA subunit in Vibrio cholerae Na+-NQR. However, since approximately three quarters of the stretch (NqrB-Met1-Pro37) was not modeled in an earlier crystallographic study, its structure and function remain unknown. If we can develop a method that enables pinpoint modification of this stretch by functional chemicals (such as spin probes), it could lead to new ways to investigate the unsettled issues. As the first step to this end, we undertook to specifically attach an alkyne group to a lysine located in the stretch via protein-ligand affinity-driven substitution using synthetic ligands NAS-K1 and NAS-K2. The alkyne, once attached, can serve as an "anchor" for connecting functional chemicals via convenient click chemistry. After a short incubation of isolated Na+-NQR with these ligands, alkyne was predominantly incorporated into NqrB. Proteomic analyses in combination with mutagenesis of predicted target lysines revealed that alkyne attaches to NqrB-Lys22 located at the nonmodeled region of the stretch. This study not only achieved the specific modification initially aimed for but also provided valuable information about positioning of the nonmodeled region. For example, the fact that hydrophobic NAS-Ks come into contact with NqrB-Lys22 suggests that the nonmodeled region may orient toward the membrane phase rather than protruding into cytoplasmic medium. This conformation may be essential for regulating the ubiquinone reaction in the adjacent NqrA.
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Tonami H, Nishiuchi H. Protein immobilization on polyvinylphenol via tyrosine oxidation of proteins catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Tonami
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Osaka Institute of Technology Osaka Japan
| | - Hitachi Nishiuchi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Osaka Institute of Technology Osaka Japan
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12
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Van Rompuy LS, Moons J, Aelbers J, Struyf T, Van den Ende W, Parac‐Vogt TN. Selective Hydrolysis of Terminal Glycosidic Bond in α‐1‐Acid Glycoprotein Promoted by Keggin and Wells–Dawson Type Heteropolyacids. Chemistry 2020; 26:16463-16471. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jens Moons
- Department of Chemistry KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Jo Aelbers
- Department of Chemistry KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Tom Struyf
- Department of Biology Molecular Plant Biology KU Leuven Kasteelpark Arenberg 31 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Wim Van den Ende
- Department of Biology Molecular Plant Biology KU Leuven Kasteelpark Arenberg 31 3001 Leuven Belgium
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How Do the Different Proteomic Strategies Cope with the Complexity of Biological Regulations in a Multi-Omic World? Critical Appraisal and Suggestions for Improvements. Proteomes 2020; 8:proteomes8030023. [PMID: 32899323 PMCID: PMC7564458 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes8030023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this second decade of the 21st century, we are lucky enough to have different types of proteomic analyses at our disposal. Furthermore, other functional omics such as transcriptomics have also undergone major developments, resulting in mature tools. However, choice equals questions, and the major question is how each proteomic strategy is fit for which purpose. The aim of this opinion paper is to reposition the various proteomic strategies in the frame of what is known in terms of biological regulations in order to shed light on the power, limitations, and paths for improvement for the different proteomic setups. This should help biologists to select the best-suited proteomic strategy for their purposes in order not to be driven by raw availability or fashion arguments but rather by the best fitness for purpose. In particular, knowing the limitations of the different proteomic strategies helps in interpreting the results correctly and in devising the validation experiments that should be made downstream of the proteomic analyses.
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14
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Park JY, Kim CH, Choi Y, Park KM, Chang PS. Catalytic characterization of heterodimeric linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase from black soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). Enzyme Microb Technol 2020; 139:109595. [PMID: 32732043 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2020.109595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A novel lipoxygenase (BLOX) was purified from black soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), and its catalytic properties were characterized. The molecular weight of BLOX was 101 kDa and its unique heterodimeric structure with two different subunits of molecular weight 46 kDa and 55 kDa was elucidated. The optimum pH and temperature of BLOX were pH 9.5 and 40 °C, respectively. BLOX was highly stable at the pH range of 6.0-10.0 and below 40 °C, and was stimulated by adding ferrous ion (Fe2+). In terms of substrate specificity, BLOX showed a substrate preference to linoleic acid that is the main substance to produce hydroperoxides in soybean. When it reacted with linoleic acid, the major product was 13(S)-hydroperoxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid; therefore, it could be classified into the linoleate 13S-LOX family (EC 1.13.11.12). Finally, the kinetic parameters (Vmax, Km, and kcat) of BLOX were 0.124 mM min-1, 0.636 mM, and 12.28 s-1, respectively, and consequently, the catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) was calculated as 1.93 × 104 M-1·s-1. These catalytic characteristics of BLOX could contribute to understanding the enzymatic rancidification of black soybean, and to further biotechnical approaches to control and mitigate the deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Young Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Hyung Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonseok Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Pahn-Shick Chang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Center for Agricultural Microorganism and Enzyme, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Shimazaki Y, Inoue A, Ikeuchi H. Electrophoretic injection and reaction of dye-bound enzymes to protein and bacteria within gel. J Microbiol Methods 2020; 176:106028. [PMID: 32795638 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2020.106028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures within gels are used to examine physiological reactions between cells, including bacteria and macromolecules such as enzymes. Using non-denaturing electrophoresis, an anionic Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) dye successfully bound to enzymes such as trypsin and lysozyme, and reacted with a protein and a bacterium within a gel. Both CBB-bound trypsin and lysozyme retained their enzymatic activities and migrated toward the anode in non-denaturing electrophoresis. CBB-bound trypsin successfully digested the iron-binding protein, transferrin, within the gel. Furthermore, the activity of esterase extracted from the bacteria, Bacillus subtilis was analyzed by the non-denaturing electrophoresis containing both the bacteria and the CBB-bound lysozyme after the bacteriolysis of the bacteria by the addition of CBB-bound lysozyme. This method can be applied to deliver enzymes to organisms including bacteria within 3D cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youji Shimazaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Faculty of Science, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan.
| | - Aoshi Inoue
- Faculty of Science, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
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Van Rompuy LS, Savić ND, Rodriguez A, Parac-Vogt TN. Selective Hydrolysis of Transferrin Promoted by Zr-Substituted Polyoxometalates. Molecules 2020; 25:E3472. [PMID: 32751602 PMCID: PMC7435656 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The hydrolysis of the iron-binding blood plasma glycoprotein transferrin (Tf) has been examined at pH = 7.4 in the presence of a series of Zr-substituted polyoxometalates (Zr-POMs) including Keggin (Et2NH2)10[Zr(PW11O39)2]∙7H2O (Zr-K 1:2), (Et2NH2)8[{α-PW11O39Zr-(μ-OH) (H2O)}2]∙7H2O (Zr-K 2:2), Wells-Dawson K15H[Zr(α2-P2W17O61)2]·25H2O (Zr-WD 1:2), Na14[Zr4(α-P2W16O59)2(μ3-O)2(μ-OH)2(H2O)4]·57H2O (Zr-WD 4:2) and Lindqvist (Me4N)2[ZrW5O18(H2O)3] (Zr-L 1:1), (nBu4N)6[(ZrW5O18(μ-OH))2]∙2H2O (Zr-L 2:2)) type POMs. Incubation of transferrin with Zr-POMs resulted in formation of 13 polypeptide fragments that were observed on sodium dodecyl sulfate poly(acrylamide) gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), but the hydrolysis efficiency varied depending on the nature of Zr-POMs. Molecular interactions between Zr-POMs and transferrin were investigated by using a range of complementary techniques such as tryptophan fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD), 31P-NMR spectroscopy, in order to gain better understanding of different efficiency of investigated Zr-POMs. A tryptophan fluorescence quenching study revealed that the most reactive Zr-WD species show the strongest interaction toward transferrin. The CD results demonstrated that interaction of Zr-POMs and transferrin in buffer solution result in significant secondary structure changes. The speciation of Zr-POMs has been followed by 31P-NMR spectroscopy in the presence and absence of transferrin, providing insight into stability of the catalysts under reaction condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tatjana N. Parac-Vogt
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (L.S.V.R.); (N.D.S.); (A.R.)
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Ganesan M, Mathivani Vinayakamoorthy R, Thankappan S, Muniraj I, Uthandi S. Thermotolerant glycosyl hydrolases-producing Bacillus aerius CMCPS1 and its saccharification efficiency on HCR-laccase (LccH)-pretreated corncob biomass. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2020; 13:124. [PMID: 32684977 PMCID: PMC7362481 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-020-01764-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current production of bioethanol based on lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) highly depends on thermostable enzymes and extremophiles owing to less risk of contamination. Thermophilic bacterial cellulases are preferred over fungi due to their higher growth rate, presence of complex multi-enzymes, stability, and enhanced bioconversion efficiency. Corncob, underutilized biomass, ensures energy conservation due to high lignocellulosic and more fermentable sugar content. In the present study, the thermophilic bacterium Bacillus aerius CMCPS1, isolated from the thermal springs of Manikaran, Himachal Pradesh, India, was characterized in terms of its activity, stability, and hydrolytic capacity. A two-step process comprising: (i) a combined strategy of hydrodynamic cavitation reaction (HCR)-coupled enzymatic (LccH at 6.5 U) pretreatment for delignification and (ii) subsequent hydrolysis of pre-treated (HCR-LccH) corncob biomass (CCB) using a thermostable cocktail of CMCPS1 was adopted to validate the efficiency of the process. Some of the parameters studied include lignin reduction, cellulose increase, and saccharification efficiency. RESULT Among the five isolates obtained by in situ enrichment on various substrates, B. aerius CMCPS1, isolated from hot springs, exhibited the maximum hydrolytic activity of 4.11. The GH activity of the CMCPS1 strain under submerged fermentation revealed maximum filter paper activity (FPA) and endoglucanase activity of 4.36 IU mL-1 and 2.98 IU mL-1, respectively, at 44 h. Similarly, the isolate produced exoglucanase and β-glucosidase with an activity of 1.76 IU mL-1 and 1.23 IU mL-1 at 48 h, respectively. More specifically, the enzyme endo-1,4-β-d glucanase E.C.3.2.1.4 (CMCase) produced by B. aerius CMCPS1 displayed wider stability to pH (3-9) and temperature (30-90 °C) than most fungal cellulases. Similarly, the activity of CMCase increased in the presence of organic solvents (118% at 30% acetone v/v). The partially purified CMCase from the culture supernatant of CMCPS1 registered 64% yield with twofold purification. The zymogram and SDS-PAGE analyses further confirmed the CMCase activity with an apparent molecular mass of 70 kDa. The presence of genes specific to cellulases, such as cellulose-binding domain CelB, confirmed the presence of GH family 46 and β-glucosidase activity (GH3). The multifunctional cellulases of CMCPS1 were evaluated for their saccharification efficiency on laccase (LccH, a fungal laccase from Hexagonia hirta MSF2)-pretreated corncob in a HCR. The lignin and hemicelluloses removal efficiency of HCR-LccH was 54.1 and 6.57%, respectively, with an increase in cellulose fraction (42.25%). The saccharification efficiency of 55% was achieved with CMCPS1 multifunctional cellulases at 50 °C and pH 5.0. CONCLUSION The multifunctional cellulase complex of B. aerius CMCPS1 is a potential biocatalyst for application in lignocellulosic biomass-based biorefineries. The saccharification ability of HCR-LccH-pretreated corncob at elevated temperatures would be an advantage for biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meena Ganesan
- Biocatalysts Lab., Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641003 India
| | | | - Sugitha Thankappan
- Biocatalysts Lab., Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641003 India
| | - Iniyakumar Muniraj
- Department of Crop Management, Kumaraguru Institute of Agriculture, Sakthi Nagar, Erode, 638315 India
| | - Sivakumar Uthandi
- Biocatalysts Lab., Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641003 India
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Expression, purification, and characterization of human mannose-6-phosphate receptor – Extra cellular domain from a stable cell line utilizing a small molecule biomimetic of the mannose-6-phosphate moiety. Protein Expr Purif 2020; 170:105589. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2020.105589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Rani L, Mittal J, Mallajosyula SS. Effect of Phosphorylation and O-GlcNAcylation on Proline-Rich Domains of Tau. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:1909-1918. [PMID: 32065850 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b11720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The microtubule-associated protein Tau (MAPT) is a phosphoprotein in neurons of the brain. Aggregation of Tau is the leading cause of tauopathies such as Alzheimer's disease. Tau undergoes several post-translational modifications of which phosphorylation and O-GlcNAcylation are key chemical modifications. Tau aggregates into paired helical filaments and neurofibrillary tangles upon hyperphosphorylation, whereas O-GlcNAcylation stabilizes the soluble form of Tau. How specific phosphorylation and/or O-GlcNAcylation events influence Tau conformations remains largely unknown due to the disordered nature of Tau. In this study, we have investigated the phosphorylation- and O-GlcNAcylation-induced conformational effects on a Tau segment (Tau225-246) from the proline-rich domain (P2), by performing metadynamics simulations. We study two different phosphorylation patterns: Tau225-246, phosphorylated at T231 and S235, and Tau225-246, phosphorylated at T231, S235, S237, and S238. We also study O-GlcNAcylation at T231 and S235. We find that phosphorylation leads to the formation of strong salt-bridge contacts with adjacent lysine and arginine residues, which disrupts the native β-sheet structure observed in Tau225-246. We also observe the formation of a transient α-helix (238SAKSRLQ244) when Tau225-246 is phosphorylated at four sites. In contrast, O-GlcNAcylation shows only modest structural effects, and the resultant structure resembles the native form of the peptide. Our studies suggest the opposing structural effects of both protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) and the importance of salt bridges in governing the conformational preferences upon phosphorylation, highlighting the role of proximal arginine and lysine upon hyperphosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lata Rani
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Jeetain Mittal
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania18015, United States
| | - Sairam S Mallajosyula
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar382355, Gujarat, India
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Rokonay R, Veres-Székely A, Szebeni B, Pap D, Lippai R, Béres NJ, Veres G, Szabó AJ, Vannay Á. Role of IL-24 in the mucosal remodeling of children with coeliac disease. J Transl Med 2020; 18:36. [PMID: 31973719 PMCID: PMC6977354 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02221-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, involvement of IL-19, IL-20 and IL-24 has been reported in inflammatory diseases associated with tissue remodeling. However, their impact on the pathomechanism of coeliac disease (CD) is still completely unknown. METHODS Expression of IL19, IL20 and IL24 was measured by real-time RT-PCR, protein amount of IL-24, α smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibronectin (FN) was determined by Western-blot analysis in the duodenal biopsies of therapy naive children with CD and controls. Localization of IL-24 and IL-20RB was investigated by immunofluorescent staining in the duodenal mucosa. Effect of recombinant IL-1β, TNF-α, TGF-β and IL-17 treatment on the expression of IL19, IL20, IL24 and their receptors was investigated by real-time RT-PCR in small intestinal epithelial cells (FHs74Int), in primary duodenal myofibroblasts (pdMFs) and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Effect of IL-24 on H2O2 treated FHs74Int cells and on pdMFs was measured by MTT, LDH, Annexin V assays, real-time RT-PCR and by fluorescent microscopy. RESULTS We found increased level of IL-24 (3.3×, p < 0.05), α-SMA (2.4×, p < 0.05) and FN (2.3×, p < 0.05) in the duodenal mucosa and increased expression of IL19 (3.6×, p < 0.05) and IL24 (5.2×, p < 0.05) in the PBMCs of children with CD compared to that of controls. IL-1β was a strong inducer of IL24 expression of FHs74Int cells (9.9×, p < 0.05), pdMFs (552.9×, p < 0.05) or PBMCs (17.2×, p < 0.05), as well. IL-24 treatment reduced the number of apoptotic cells (0.5×, p < 0.05) and decreased the expression of inflammatory factors, including IL1A, IL6 and TNF of H2O2-treated FHs74Int cells. IL-24 decreased the proliferation (0.6×, p < 0.05) of PDGF-B treated pdMFs. Moreover, IL-24 treatment altered the morphology of pdMFs by influencing the size of the angles between stress fibers and the longitudinal axis of the cells (2.0×, p < 0.05) and the expression of cytoskeletal components, including ACTA2, ACTB, VIM, SNAI1 and SNAI2. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that IL-24 plays a significant role in the maintenance of duodenal mucosal integrity in CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Réka Rokonay
- 1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, 54 Bókay Street, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - Apor Veres-Székely
- 1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, 54 Bókay Street, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - Beáta Szebeni
- MTA-SE Paediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Domonkos Pap
- MTA-SE Paediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rita Lippai
- 1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, 54 Bókay Street, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - Nóra J Béres
- 1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, 54 Bókay Street, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - Gábor Veres
- Pediatric Institute-Clinic, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila J Szabó
- 1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, 54 Bókay Street, Budapest, 1083, Hungary.,MTA-SE Paediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám Vannay
- 1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, 54 Bókay Street, Budapest, 1083, Hungary. .,MTA-SE Paediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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Zhang Y, Wang S, Jia Z. In Situ Proteolysis Condition-Induced Crystallization of the XcpVWX Complex in Different Lattices. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21010308. [PMID: 31906428 PMCID: PMC6981927 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although prevalent in the determination of protein structures; crystallography always has the bottleneck of obtaining high-quality protein crystals for characterizing a wide range of proteins; especially large protein complexes. Stable fragments or domains of proteins are more readily to crystallize; which prompts the use of in situ proteolysis to remove flexible or unstable structures for improving crystallization and crystal quality. In this work; we investigated the effects of in situ proteolysis by chymotrypsin on the crystallization of the XcpVWX complex from the Type II secretion system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Different proteolysis conditions were found to result in two distinct lattices in the same crystallization solution. With a shorter chymotrypsin digestion at a lower concentration; the crystals exhibited a P3 hexagonal lattice that accommodates three complex molecules in one asymmetric unit. By contrast; a longer digestion with chymotrypsin of a 10-fold higher concentration facilitated the formation of a compact P212121 orthorhombic lattice with only one complex molecule in each asymmetric unit. The molecules in the hexagonal lattice have shown high atomic displacement parameter values compared with the ones in the orthorhombic lattice. Taken together; our results clearly demonstrate that different proteolysis conditions can result in the generation of distinct lattices in the same crystallization solution; which can be exploited in order to obtain different crystal forms of a better quality
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Zhang
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada;
| | - Shu Wang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekou Outer Street, Beijing 100875, China;
| | - Zongchao Jia
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-1-613-533-6277
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Naseem MU, Ahmed N, Khan MA, Tahir S, Zafar AU. Production of potent long-lasting consensus interferon using albumin fusion technology in Pichia pastoris expression system. Protein Expr Purif 2019; 166:105509. [PMID: 31604114 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2019.105509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Consensus interferon (cIFN) is a wholly synthetic therapeutic protein which is used to treat hepatitis C/B and certain types of malignancies. It has short serum half-life, therefore, to maintain its therapeutic level in the human body it requires thrice-weekly administration. Various strategies like PEGylation and micro-encapsulation have been developed during the last few years to enhance the pharmacokinetics of small therapeutic peptides. This study executed the human albumin-fusion technology, a simple and flexible approach to extend the serum circulating half-life of cIFN, because human serum albumin (HSA) has long circulating half-life (19 days) and very minute immunological activities. We integrated the codon-optimized HSA-cIFN fusion gene into Pichia pastoris genome by homologous recombination. The selection of hyper-resistant P. pastoris clone against Zeocin™ achieved a high-level secretory expression (250 mg/L) of fusion protein. HSA-cIFN fusion protein was purified using one-step purification by affinity chromatography with 34% recovery. The SDS-PAGE and SEC-HPLC analysis confirmed the final purified product has molecular weight of 87 kDa with 98% purity. Western blot analysis using anti-IFN antibodies further verified the purified HSA-cIFN fusion protein. The specific biological activity was 2.1 × 106 IU/mg as assessed by cytopathic inhibition assay, and half-life of fusion protein was estimated by in vitro thermal and proteolytic stability studies. This work concludes that by using albumin fusion technology, codon optimization and one-step purification a high yield of 86 mg/L of biologically active protein with improved serum half-life was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umair Naseem
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (NCEMB), University of the Punjab, 87 West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niazbaig, Lahore 53700, Pakistan; Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1. Debrecen 4032, Hungary.
| | - Nadeem Ahmed
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (NCEMB), University of the Punjab, 87 West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niazbaig, Lahore 53700, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Ahmad Khan
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (NCEMB), University of the Punjab, 87 West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niazbaig, Lahore 53700, Pakistan
| | - Saad Tahir
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (NCEMB), University of the Punjab, 87 West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niazbaig, Lahore 53700, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Usman Zafar
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (NCEMB), University of the Punjab, 87 West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niazbaig, Lahore 53700, Pakistan
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Abstract
A large number of different enzyme immobilization techniques are used in the field of life sciences, clinical diagnostics, or biotechnology. Most of them are based on a chemically mediated formation of covalent bond between an enzyme and support material. The covalent bond formation is usually associated with changes of the enzymes’ three-dimensional structure that can lead to reduction of enzyme activity. The present work demonstrates a potential of an ambient ion-landing technique to effectively immobilize enzymes on conductive supports for direct matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry analyses of reaction products. Ambient ion landing is an electrospray-based technique allowing strong and stable noncovalent and nondestructive enzyme deposition onto conductive supports. Three serine proteolytic enzymes including trypsin, α-chymotrypsin, and subtilisin A were immobilized onto conductive indium tin oxide glass slides compatible with MALDI mass spectrometry. The functionalized MALDI chips were used for in situ time-limited proteolysis of proteins and protein–ligand complexes to monitor their structural changes under different conditions. The data from limited proteolysis using MALDI chips fits to known or predicted protein structures. The results show that functionalized MALDI chips are sensitive, robust, and fast and might be automated for general use in the field of structural biology.
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Hu G, Jia H, Zhao L, Cho DH, Fang J. Small molecule fluorescent probes of protein vicinal dithiols. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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26
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Jaeschke DP, Mercali GD, Marczak LDF, Müller G, Frey W, Gusbeth C. Extraction of valuable compounds from Arthrospira platensis using pulsed electric field treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 283:207-212. [PMID: 30908985 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment was evaluated for phycocyanin and proteins extraction from Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina platensis). PEF extractions were performed using different specific energies (28, 56 and 122 J·ml-1 of suspension) and the results were compared to the extraction with bead milling. At highest PEF-treatment energies a damage of the cell morphology could be observed and the highest yields (up to 85.2 ± 5.7 mg·g-1 and 48.4 ± 4.4 g·100 g-1 of phycocyanins and proteins, respectively) could be obtained at 122 and 56 J·ml-1. The yields increased with incubation time after PEF-treatment. The antioxidant capacity of the extracts obtained after PEF-treatment was higher than of those obtained after bead milling. PEF treatment is a promising technology to obtain blue-green antioxidant extracts from A. platensis in an environmental friendly process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Pez Jaeschke
- Chemical Engineering Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Engenheiro Luiz Englert Street, Porto Alegre, RS 90040-040, Brazil.
| | - Giovana Domeneghini Mercali
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Bento Gonçalves Avenue, 9500, Porto Alegre, RS 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Ligia Damasceno Ferreira Marczak
- Chemical Engineering Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Engenheiro Luiz Englert Street, Porto Alegre, RS 90040-040, Brazil
| | - Georg Müller
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Pulse Power and Microwave Technology (IHM), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Pulse Power and Microwave Technology (IHM), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christian Gusbeth
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Pulse Power and Microwave Technology (IHM), Karlsruhe, Germany
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Ahmad A, Tsutsui A, Iijima S, Suzuki T, Shah AA, Nakajima-Kambe T. Gene structure and comparative study of two different plastic-degrading esterases from Roseateles depolymerans strain TB-87. Polym Degrad Stab 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Ghosh S, Salama F, Dines M, Lahav A, Adir N. Biophysical and structural characterization of the small heat shock protein HspA from Thermosynechococcus vulcanus in 2 M urea. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2019; 1867:442-452. [PMID: 30711645 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) belong to the superfamily of molecular chaperones. They prevent aggregation of partially unfolded or misfolded client proteins, providing protection to organisms under stress conditions. Here, we report the biophysical and structural characterization of a small heat shock protein (HspA) from a thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus vulcanus in the presence of 2 M urea. HspA has been shown to be important for the protection of Photosystem II and the Phycobilisome antenna complex at elevated temperatures. Heterologously expressed HspA requires the presence of 1-2 M urea to maintain its solubility at concentrations required for most characterization methods. Spectroscopic studies reveal the presence of the β-sheet structure and intactness of the tertiary fold in HspA. In vitro assays show that the HspA maintains chaperone-like activity in protecting soluble proteins from thermal aggregation. Chromatography and electron microscopy show that the HspA exists as a mixture of oligomeric forms in the presence of 2 M urea. HspA was successfully crystallized only in the presence of 2 M urea. The crystal structure of HspA shows urea-induced loss of about 30% of the secondary structure without major alteration in the tertiary structure of the protein. The electron density maps reveal changes in the hydrogen bonding network which we attribute to the presence of urea. The crystal structure of HspA demonstrates a mixture of both direct interactions between urea and protein functionalities and interactions between urea and the surrounding solvent that indirectly affect the protein, which are in accordance with previously published studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeshna Ghosh
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Faris Salama
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Monica Dines
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Avital Lahav
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Noam Adir
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel.
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29
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Liu H, Liu Y, Shang Y, Liu H. Molecular simulation and experimental studies on the interfacial properties of a mixed surfactant SDS/C4mimBr. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2018.1557329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hengjiang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yazhuo Shang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Honglai Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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30
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Óskarsson KR, Kristjánsson MM. Improved expression, purification and characterization of VPR, a cold active subtilisin-like serine proteinase and the effects of calcium on expression and stability. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2018; 1867:152-162. [PMID: 30502512 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cloning into a pET 11a vector, followed by high-level expression of the cold adapted subtilase, VPR, utilizing the rhamnose titratable T7 system of Lemo21, resulted in a dramatic increase of soluble protein compared to the older system used. Expression optimization clearly shows the importance of calcium in the medium after induction, both for stability of the proteinase and cell health. Characterization of the purified enzyme obtained in a redesigned purification protocol which removed apparent RNA contaminants, resulted in a significantly higher value for kcat than previously reported. The new recombinant protein exhibited slightly lower stability against thermal denaturation and thermal inactivation. Our results also indicate that two of the calcium binding sites have apparent binding constants in the mM range. Binding of calcium to the weaker of those two sites only affects resistance of the enzyme against irreversible thermal inactivation. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed a non-two-state denaturation process, with indication of presence of intermediates caused by unfolding of calcium binding motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristinn R Óskarsson
- Department of Biochemistry, Science Institute, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Magnús M Kristjánsson
- Department of Biochemistry, Science Institute, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland.
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31
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Sevgen E, Dolejsi M, Nealey PF, Hubbell JA, de Pablo JJ. Nanocrystalline Oligo(ethylene sulfide)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) Micelles: Structure and Stability. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emre Sevgen
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Moshe Dolejsi
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Paul F. Nealey
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jeffrey A. Hubbell
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Juan J. de Pablo
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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32
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Park JY, Park KM, Yoo Y, Yu H, Lee CJ, Jung HS, Kim K, Chang PS. Catalytic characteristics of a sn-1(3) regioselective lipase from Cordyceps militaris. Biotechnol Prog 2018; 35:e2744. [PMID: 30421587 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A total of 39 agricultural products were screened for natural sources of lipases with distinctive positional specificity. Based on this, Cordyceps militaris lipase (CML) was selected and subsequently purified by sequential chromatography involving anion-exchange, hydrophobic-interaction, and gel-permeation columns. As a result of the overall purification procedure, a remarkable increase in the specific activity of the CML (4.733 U/mg protein) was achieved, with a yield of 2.47% (purification fold of 94.54). The purified CML has a monomeric structure with a molecular mass of approximately 62 kDa. It was further identified as a putative extracellular lipase from C. militaris by the partial sequence analysis using ESI-Q-TOF MS. In a kinetic study of the CML-catalyzed hydrolysis, the values of Vmax , Km , and kcat were determined to be 4.86 μmol·min-1 ·mg-1 , 0.07 mM, and 0.29 min-1 , respectively. In particular, the relatively low Km value indicated that CML has a high affinity for its substrate. With regard to positional specificity, CML selectively cleaved triolein at the sn-1 or 3 positions of glycerol backbone, releasing 1,2(2,3)-diolein as the major products. Therefore, CML can be considered a distinctive biocatalyst with sn-1(3) regioselectivity. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 35: e2744, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Young Park
- Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Park
- Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonjung Yoo
- Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjong Yu
- Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Joo Lee
- Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Sup Jung
- Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Keesung Kim
- Research Inst. of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Pahn-Shick Chang
- Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Research Inst. of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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33
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Uno S, Kimura H, Murai M, Miyoshi H. Exploring the quinone/inhibitor-binding pocket in mitochondrial respiratory complex I by chemical biology approaches. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:679-696. [PMID: 30425100 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
NADH-quinone oxidoreductase (respiratory complex I) couples NADH-to-quinone electron transfer to the translocation of protons across the membrane. Even though the architecture of the quinone-access channel in the enzyme has been modeled by X-ray crystallography and cryo-EM, conflicting findings raise the question whether the models fully reflect physiologically relevant states present throughout the catalytic cycle. To gain further insights into the structural features of the binding pocket for quinone/inhibitor, we performed chemical biology experiments using bovine heart sub-mitochondrial particles. We synthesized ubiquinones that are oversized (SF-UQs) or lipid-like (PC-UQs) and are highly unlikely to enter and transit the predicted narrow channel. We found that SF-UQs and PC-UQs can be catalytically reduced by complex I, albeit only at moderate or low rates. Moreover, quinone-site inhibitors completely blocked the catalytic reduction and the membrane potential formation coupled to this reduction. Photoaffinity-labeling experiments revealed that amiloride-type inhibitors bind to the interfacial domain of multiple core subunits (49 kDa, ND1, and PSST) and the 39-kDa supernumerary subunit, although the latter does not make up the channel cavity in the current models. The binding of amilorides to the multiple target subunits was remarkably suppressed by other quinone-site inhibitors and SF-UQs. Taken together, the present results are difficult to reconcile with the current channel models. On the basis of comprehensive interpretations of the present results and of previous findings, we discuss the physiological relevance of these models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinpei Uno
- From the Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hironori Kimura
- From the Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Murai
- From the Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hideto Miyoshi
- From the Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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34
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Sohail W, Majeed F, Afroz A. Differential proteome analysis of diabetes mellitus type 2 and its pathophysiological complications. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2018; 12:1125-1131. [PMID: 29907545 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (DM 2) is increasing every passing year due to some global changes in lifestyles of people. The exact underlying mechanisms of the progression of this disease are not yet known. However recent advances in the combined omics more particularly in proteomics and genomics have opened a gateway towards the understanding of predetermined genetic factors, progression, complications and treatment of this disease. Here we shall review the recent advances in proteomics that have led to an early and better diagnostic approaches in controlling DM 2 more importantly the comparison of structural and functional protein biomarkers that are modified in the diseased state. By applying these advanced and promising proteomic strategies with bioinformatics applications and bio-statistical tools the prevalence of DM 2 and its associated disorders i-e nephropathy and retinopathy are expected to be controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed Sohail
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gujrat, Pakistan.
| | - Fatimah Majeed
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Amber Afroz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gujrat, Pakistan
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35
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Okoronkwo MU, Balonis M, Juenger M, Bauchy M, Neithalath N, Sant G. Stability of Calcium–Alumino Layered-Double-Hydroxide Nanocomposites in Aqueous Electrolytes. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b02618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Monday U. Okoronkwo
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
| | | | - Maria Juenger
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | | | - Narayanan Neithalath
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built-Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Gaurav Sant
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
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36
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Kuba Y, Takashima T, Uechi K, Taira T. Purification, cDNA cloning, and characterization of plant chitinase with a novel domain combination from lycophyte Selaginella doederleinii. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 82:1742-1752. [PMID: 29966504 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1491285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Chitinase-A from a lycophyte Selaginella doederleinii (SdChiA), having molecular mass of 53 kDa, was purified to homogeneity by column chromatography. The cDNA encoding SdChiA was cloned by rapid amplification of cDNA ends and polymerase chain reaction. It consisted of 1477 nucleotides and its open reading frame encoded a polypeptide of 467 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid sequence indicated that SdChiA consisted of two N-terminal chitin-binding domains and a C-terminal plant class V chitinase catalytic domain, belonging to the carbohydrate-binding module family 18 (CBM18) and glycoside hydrolase family 18 (GH18), respectively. SdChiA had chitin-binding ability. The time-dependent cleavage pattern of (GlcNAc)4 by SdChiA showed that SdChiA specifically recognizes the β-anomer in the + 2 subsite of the substrate (GlcNAc)4 and cleaves the glycoside bond at the center of the substrate. This is the first report of the occurrence of a family 18 chitinase containing CBM18 chitin-binding domains. ABBREVIATIONS AtChiC: Arabidopsis thaliana class V chitinase; CBB: Coomassie brilliant blue R250; CBM: carbohydrate binding module family; CrChi-A: Cycas revolute chitinase-A; EaChiA: Equisetum arvense chitinase-A; GH: glycoside hydrolase family, GlxChi-B: gazyumaru latex chitinase-B; GlcNAc: N-acetylglucosamine; HPLC: high performance liquid chromatography; LysM; lysin motif; MtNFH1: Medicago truncatula ecotypes R108-1 chitinase; NCBI: national center for biotechnology information; NF: nodulation factor; NtChiV: Nicotiana tabacum class V chitinase; PCR: polymerase chain reaction; PrChi-A: Pteris ryukyuensis chitinase-A; RACE: rapid amplification of cDNA ends; SDS-PAGE: sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; SdChiA: Selaginella doederleinii chitinase-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumani Kuba
- a Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Kagoshima University , Kagoshima , Japan.,b Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology , University of the Ryukyus , Okinawa , Japan
| | - Tomoya Takashima
- a Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Kagoshima University , Kagoshima , Japan.,b Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology , University of the Ryukyus , Okinawa , Japan
| | - Keiko Uechi
- b Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology , University of the Ryukyus , Okinawa , Japan
| | - Toki Taira
- a Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Kagoshima University , Kagoshima , Japan.,b Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology , University of the Ryukyus , Okinawa , Japan
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37
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Scumaci D, Oliva A, Concolino A, Curcio A, Fiumara CV, Tammè L, Campuzano O, Pascali VL, Coll M, Iglesias A, Berne P, Casu G, Olivo E, Ausania F, Ricci P, Indolfi C, Brugada J, Brugada R, Cuda G. Integration of "Omics" Strategies for Biomarkers Discovery and for the Elucidation of Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Brugada Syndrome. Proteomics Clin Appl 2018; 12:e1800065. [PMID: 29956481 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201800065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The Brugada syndrome (BrS) is a severe inherited cardiac disorder. Given the high genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity of this disease, three different "omics" approaches are integrated in a synergic way to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of BrS as well as for identifying reliable diagnostic/prognostic markers. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The profiling of plasma Proteome and MiRNome is perfomed in a cohort of Brugada patients that were preliminary subjected to genomic analysis to assess a peculiar gene mutation profile. RESULTS The integrated analysis of "omics" data unveiled a cooperative activity of mutated genes, deregulated miRNAs and proteins in orchestrating transcriptional and post-translational events that are critical determining factors for the development of the Brugada pattern. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study provides the basis to shed light on the specific molecular fingerprints underlying BrS development and to gain further insights on the pathogenesis of this life-threatening cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenica Scumaci
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Oliva
- Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Large Francesco Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Concolino
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Curcio
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Claudia Vincenza Fiumara
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Laura Tammè
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Oscar Campuzano
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, Gencardio Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Girona,, 17290, Girona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV) 17007, Girona, Spain.,Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Girona, 17004, Girona, Spain
| | - Vincenzo L Pascali
- Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Large Francesco Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Coll
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, Gencardio Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Girona,, 17290, Girona, Spain
| | - Anna Iglesias
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, Gencardio Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Girona,, 17290, Girona, Spain
| | - Paola Berne
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Cardiologia Ospedale "San Francesco", 08100, Nuoro, Italy
| | - Gavino Casu
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Cardiologia Ospedale "San Francesco", 08100, Nuoro, Italy
| | - Erika Olivo
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Ausania
- Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma
| | - Pietrantonio Ricci
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Girona, 17004, Girona, Spain.,Institute of Legal Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ciro Indolfi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Josep Brugada
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV) 17007, Girona, Spain.,Arrhythmia's Unit, Hospital Clinic, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Brugada
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, Gencardio Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Girona,, 17290, Girona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV) 17007, Girona, Spain.,Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Girona, 17004, Girona, Spain.,Cardiology Service, Hospital Josep Trueta, 17007, Girona, Spain
| | - Giovanni Cuda
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
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38
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Boiocchi M, Radice P, Biunno I, Mondellini P, Erpoli G. Integration and Expression of Mcf-13 Provirus in Mcf-13-Induced Lymphomas. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 70:467-76. [PMID: 6099618 DOI: 10.1177/030089168407000601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Polytropic viruses were isolated from 11 MCF-13-induced lymphomas using multiple infectious cycles on the mink lung and SC1 cell lines. The viruses were characterized by host range infectious properties and by biochemical properties using Cleveland's polypeptide mapping of the p30 and gp 70 viral proteins demonstrating identity in their biological properties with the MCF-13 lymphoma-inducing virus. Restriction enzyme analysis of the high molecular weight tumoral DNAs confirmed the presence of proviral sequences homologous to the inducing provirus in the lymphoma genomes indicating that MCF-13 MuLV has integrated in the cellular genome of the induced lymphomas.
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39
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Wang C, Wang L, Tadepalli S, Morrissey JJ, Kharasch ED, Naik RR, Singamaneni S. Ultrarobust Biochips with Metal-Organic Framework Coating for Point-of-Care Diagnosis. ACS Sens 2018; 3:342-351. [PMID: 29336151 PMCID: PMC5825292 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Most biosensors relying on antibodies as recognition elements fail in harsh environment conditions such as elevated temperatures, organic solvents, or proteases because of antibody denaturation, and require strict storage conditions with defined shelf life, thus limiting their applications in point-of-care and resource-limited settings. Here, a metal-organic framework (MOF) encapsulation is utilized to preserve the biofunctionality of antibodies conjugated to nanotransducers. This study investigates several parameters of MOF coating (including growth time, surface morphology, thickness, and precursor concentrations) that determine the preservation efficacy against different protein denaturing conditions in both dry and wet environments. A plasmonic biosensor based on gold nanorods as the nanotransducers is employed as a model biodiagnostic platform. The preservation efficacy attained through MOF encapsulation is compared to two other commonly employed materials (sucrose and silk fibroin). The results show that MOF coating outperforms sucrose and silk fibroin coatings under several harsh conditions including high temperature (80 °C), dimethylformamide, and protease solution, owing to complete encapsulation, stability in wet environment and ease of removal at point-of-use by the MOF. We believe this study will broaden the applicability of this universal approach for preserving different types of on-chip biodiagnostic reagents and biosensors/bioassays, thus extending the benefits of advanced diagnostic technologies in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congzhou Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis , Saint Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis , Saint Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Sirimuvva Tadepalli
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis , Saint Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Jeremiah J Morrissey
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Evan D Kharasch
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- The Center for Clinical Pharmacology, St. Louis College of Pharmacy and Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis 63110, Missouri, United States
| | - Rajesh R Naik
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Srikanth Singamaneni
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis , Saint Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
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40
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Stent A, Every AL, Chionh YT, Ng GZ, Sutton P. Superoxide dismutase from Helicobacter pylori suppresses the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines during in vivo infection. Helicobacter 2018; 23. [PMID: 29235197 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori has undergone considerable adaptation to allow chronic persistence within the gastric environment. While H. pylori-associated diseases are driven by an excessive inflammation, severe gastritis is detrimental to colonization by this pathogen. Hence, H. pylori has developed strategies to minimize the severity of gastritis it triggers in its host. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is well known for its role in protecting against oxidative attack; less recognized is its ability to inhibit immunity, shown for SOD from mammalian sources and those of some bacterial species. This study examined whether H. pylori SOD (HpSOD) has the ability to inhibit the host immune response to these bacteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ability of recombinant HpSOD to modify the response to LPS was measured using mouse macrophages. A monoclonal antibody against HpSOD was generated and injected into H. pylori-infected mice. RESULTS Addition of HpSOD to cultures of mouse macrophages significantly inhibited the pro-inflammatory cytokine response to LPS stimulation. A monoclonal antibody was generated that was specific for SOD from H. pylori. When injected into mice infected with H. pylori for 3 months, this antibody was readily detected in both sera and gastric tissues 5 days later. While treatment with anti-HpSOD had no effect on H. pylori colonization at this time point, it significantly increased the levels of a range of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the gastric tissues. This did not occur with antibodies against other antioxidant enzymes. CONCLUSIONS SOD from H. pylori can inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokine during in vivo infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Stent
- School of Veterinary and Agricultural Science, Centre for Animal Biotechnology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Alison L Every
- School of Veterinary and Agricultural Science, Centre for Animal Biotechnology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Yok T Chionh
- School of Veterinary and Agricultural Science, Centre for Animal Biotechnology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Garrett Z Ng
- School of Veterinary and Agricultural Science, Centre for Animal Biotechnology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Philip Sutton
- School of Veterinary and Agricultural Science, Centre for Animal Biotechnology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Vic., Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
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41
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Abstract
Western blotting is widely used for protein analysis. We routinely perform such analysis for evaluating the production levels of CCN family proteins in a variety of cells under various conditions. In this chapter, we describe our Western blotting protocol to estimate protein production profiles of CCN family members after having assessed the specificity of the antibodies against each CCN member protein to ensure no cross-reaction with other CCN member proteins.
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42
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Burns EE, Keith BK, Refai MY, Bothner B, Dyer WE. Constitutive redox and phosphoproteome changes in multiple herbicide resistant Avena fatua L. are similar to those of systemic acquired resistance and systemic acquired acclimation. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 220:105-114. [PMID: 29169105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Plants are routinely confronted with numerous biotic and abiotic stressors, and in response have evolved highly effective strategies of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) and systemic acquired acclimation (SAA), respectively. A much more evolutionarily recent abiotic stress is the application of herbicides to control weedy plants, and their intensive use has selected for resistant weed populations that cause substantial crop yield losses and increase production costs. Non-target site resistance (NTSR) to herbicides is rapidly increasing worldwide and is associated with alterations in generalized stress defense networks. This work investigated protein post-translational modifications associated with NTSR in multiple herbicide resistant (MHR) Avena fatua, and their commonalities with those of SAR and SAA. We used proteomic, biochemical, and immunological approaches to compare constitutive protein profiles in MHR and herbicide susceptible (HS) A. fatua populations. Phosphoproteome and redox proteome surveys showed that post-translational modifications of proteins with functions in core cellular processes were reduced in MHR plants, while those involved in xenobiotic and stress response, reactive oxygen species detoxification and redox maintenance, heat shock response, and intracellular signaling were elevated in MHR as compared to HS plants. More specifically, MHR plants contained constitutively elevated levels of three protein kinases including the lectin S-receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase LecRK2, a well-characterized component of SAR. Analyses of superoxide dismutase enzyme activity and protein levels did not reveal constitutive differences between MHR and HS plants. The overall results support the idea that herbicide stress is perceived similarly to other abiotic stresses, and that A. fatua NTSR shares analogous features with SAR and SAA. We speculate that MHR A. fatua's previous exposure to sublethal herbicide doses, as well as earlier evolution under a diversity of abiotic and biotic stressors, has led to a heightened state of stress preparedness that includes NTSR to a number of unrelated herbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E Burns
- Department of Plant Sciences & Plant Pathology, PO Box 173150, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States
| | - Barbara K Keith
- Department of Plant Sciences & Plant Pathology, PO Box 173150, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States
| | - Mohammed Y Refai
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry Research, PO Box 173400, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States
| | - Brian Bothner
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry Research, PO Box 173400, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States
| | - William E Dyer
- Department of Plant Sciences & Plant Pathology, PO Box 173150, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States.
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43
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Torkova AA, Ryazantseva KA, Agarkova EY, Kruchinin AG, Tsentalovich MY, Fedorova TV. Rational design of enzyme compositions for the production of functional hydrolysates of cow milk whey proteins. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683817060138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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44
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Böker KO, Lemus-Diaz N, Rinaldi Ferreira R, Schiller L, Schneider S, Gruber J. The Impact of the CD9 Tetraspanin on Lentivirus Infectivity and Exosome Secretion. Mol Ther 2017; 26:634-647. [PMID: 29221804 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient transduction tools are a hallmark for both research and therapy development. Here, we introduce new insights into the generation of lentiviral vectors with improved performance by utilizing producer cells with increased production rates of extracellular vesicles through CD9 overexpression. Most human cells secrete small vesicles from their surface (microvesicles) or intraluminal endosome-derived membranes (exosomes). In particular, enhanced levels of the tetraspanin CD9 result in significantly increased numbers of extracellular vesicles with exosome-like features that were secreted from four different human cell lines. Intriguingly, exosomes and their biogenesis route display similarities to lentivirus and we examined the impact of CD9 expression on release and infectivity of recombinant lentiviral vectors. Although the titers of released viral particles were not increased upon production in high CD9 cells, we observed improved performance in terms of both speed and efficiency of lentiviral gene delivery into numerous human cell lines, including HEK293, HeLa, SH-SY5Y, as well as B and T lymphocytes. Here, we demonstrate that enhanced CD9 enables lentiviral transduction in the absence of any pseudotyping viral glycoprotein or fusogenic molecule. Our findings indicate an important role of CD9 for lentiviral vector and exosome biogenesis and point out a remarkable function of this tetraspanin in membrane fusion, viral infectivity, and exosome-mediated horizontal information transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai O Böker
- Junior Research Group Medical RNA Biology, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Department for Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Lemus-Diaz
- Junior Research Group Medical RNA Biology, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rafael Rinaldi Ferreira
- Junior Research Group Medical RNA Biology, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lara Schiller
- Junior Research Group Medical RNA Biology, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Schneider
- Junior Research Group Medical RNA Biology, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jens Gruber
- Junior Research Group Medical RNA Biology, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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45
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Heil A, Ohsam J, van Genugten B, Diez O, Yokoyama K, Kumazawa Y, Pasternack R, Hils M. Microbial Transglutaminase Used in Bread Preparation at Standard Bakery Concentrations Does Not Increase Immunodetectable Amounts of Deamidated Gliadin. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:6982-6990. [PMID: 28721717 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The effect of standard bakery concentrations of microbial transglutaminase (MTG) in wheat bread preparation on the immunoreactivity of sera of celiac disease (CD) patients was investigated. Immunoblotting using monoclonal antibodies specific to unmodified and/or deamidated gliadin showed no differences between control bread and MTG bread. Deamidation of gliadin could not be detected at standard MTG concentrations. Sera of CD patients were characterized using anti-gliadin and anti-deamidated gliadin peptide (DGP) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and grouped into DGP high- and low-titer pools. The recognition pattern obtained after using both CD sera pools for immunoblotting did not reveal differences between control and MTG-treated bread protein extracts. Our results indicate that MTG treatment of wheat bread prepared with typical MTG concentrations used in standard bakery processes does not lead to immunodetectable amounts of CD immunotoxic deamidated gliadins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Heil
- Zedira GmbH , Roesslerstraße 83, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jürgen Ohsam
- Zedira GmbH , Roesslerstraße 83, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Oscar Diez
- AB Enzymes GmbH , Feldbergstraße 78, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Keiichi Yokoyama
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technologies, Ajinomoto Company, Incorporated , 1-1 Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 2010-8681, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kumazawa
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technologies, Ajinomoto Company, Incorporated , 1-1 Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 2010-8681, Japan
| | | | - Martin Hils
- Zedira GmbH , Roesslerstraße 83, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
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46
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Takemori N, Takemori A, Wongkongkathep P, Nshanian M, Loo RRO, Lermyte F, Loo JA. Top-down/Bottom-up Mass Spectrometry Workflow Using Dissolvable Polyacrylamide Gels. Anal Chem 2017; 89:8244-8250. [PMID: 28723075 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Biologists' preeminent toolbox for separating, analyzing, and visualizing proteins is SDS-PAGE, yet recovering the proteins embedded in these polyacrylamide media as intact species is a long-standing challenge for mass spectrometry. In conventional workflows, protein mixtures from crude biological samples are electrophoretically separated at high-resolution within N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide cross-linked polyacrylamide gels to reduce sample complexity and facilitate sensitive characterization. However, low protein recoveries, especially for high molecular weight proteins, often hinder characterization by mass spectrometry. We describe a workflow for top-down/bottom-up mass spectrometric analyses of proteins in polyacrylamide slab gels using dissolvable, bis-acryloylcystamine-cross-linked polyacrylamide, enabling high-resolution protein separations while recovering intact proteins over a broad size range efficiently. The inferior electrophoretic resolution long associated with reducible gels has been overcome, as demonstrated by SDS-PAGE of crude tissue extracts. This workflow elutes intact proteins efficiently, supporting MS and MS/MS from proteins resolved on biologists' preferred separation platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki Takemori
- Proteo-Science Center, Division of Proteomics Research, Ehime University , Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Ayako Takemori
- Proteo-Science Center, Division of Proteomics Research, Ehime University , Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan.,The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Ehime University , Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8566, Japan
| | - Piriya Wongkongkathep
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California-Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Michael Nshanian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California-Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Rachel R Ogorzalek Loo
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA/DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, and UCLA Molecular Biology Institute, University of California-Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Frederik Lermyte
- Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp , Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk-Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Joseph A Loo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California-Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.,Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA/DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, and UCLA Molecular Biology Institute, University of California-Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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47
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Burns EE, Keith BK, Refai MY, Bothner B, Dyer WE. Proteomic and biochemical assays of glutathione-related proteins in susceptible and multiple herbicide resistant Avena fatua L. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 140:69-78. [PMID: 28755697 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Extensive herbicide usage has led to the evolution of resistant weed populations that cause substantial crop yield losses and increase production costs. The multiple herbicide resistant (MHR) Avena fatua L. populations utilized in this study are resistant to members of all selective herbicide families, across five modes of action, available for A. fatua control in U.S. small grain production, and thus pose significant agronomic and economic threats. Resistance to ALS and ACCase inhibitors is not conferred by target site mutations, indicating that non-target site resistance mechanisms are involved. To investigate the potential involvement of glutathione-related enzymes in the MHR phenotype, we used a combination of proteomic, biochemical, and immunological approaches to compare their constitutive activities in herbicide susceptible (HS1 and HS2) and MHR (MHR3 and MHR4) A. fatua plants. Proteomic analysis identified three tau and one phi glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) present at higher levels in MHR compared to HS plants, while immunoassays revealed elevated levels of lambda, phi, and tau GSTs. GST specific activity towards 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene was 1.2-fold higher in MHR4 than in HS1 plants and 1.3- and 1.2-fold higher in MHR3 than in HS1 and HS2 plants, respectively. However, GST specific activities towards fenoxaprop-P-ethyl and imazamethabenz-methyl were not different between untreated MHR and HS plants. Dehydroascorbate reductase specific activity was 1.4-fold higher in MHR than HS plants. Pretreatment with the GST inhibitor NBD-Cl did not affect MHR sensitivity to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl application, while the herbicide safener and GST inducer mefenpyr reduced the efficacy of low doses of fenoxaprop-P-ethyl on MHR4 but not MHR3 plants. Mefenpyr treatment also partially reduced the efficacy of thiencarbazone-methyl or mesosulfuron-methyl on MHR3 or MHR4 plants, respectively. Overall, the GSTs described here are not directly involved in enhanced rates of fenoxaprop-P-ethyl or imazamethabenz-methyl metabolism in MHR A. fatua. Instead, we propose that the constitutively elevated GST proteins and related enzymes in MHR plants are representative of a larger, more global suite of abiotic stress-related changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E Burns
- Department of Plant Sciences & Plant Pathology, PO Box 173150, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States
| | - Barbara K Keith
- Department of Plant Sciences & Plant Pathology, PO Box 173150, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States
| | - Mohammed Y Refai
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry Research, PO Box 173400, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States
| | - Brian Bothner
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry Research, PO Box 173400, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States
| | - William E Dyer
- Department of Plant Sciences & Plant Pathology, PO Box 173150, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States.
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48
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Ito T, Murai M, Ninokura S, Kitazumi Y, Mezic KG, Cress BF, Koffas MAG, Morgan JE, Barquera B, Miyoshi H. Identification of the binding sites for ubiquinone and inhibitors in the Na +-pumping NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase from Vibrio cholerae by photoaffinity labeling. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:7727-7742. [PMID: 28298441 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.781393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Na+-pumping NADH-quinone oxidoreductase (Na+-NQR) is the first enzyme of the respiratory chain and the main ion transporter in many marine and pathogenic bacteria, including Vibrio cholerae The V. cholerae Na+-NQR has been extensively studied, but its binding sites for ubiquinone and inhibitors remain controversial. Here, using a photoreactive ubiquinone PUQ-3 as well as two aurachin-type inhibitors [125I]PAD-1 and [125I]PAD-2 and photoaffinity labeling experiments on the isolated enzyme, we demonstrate that the ubiquinone ring binds to the NqrA subunit in the regions Leu-32-Met-39 and Phe-131-Lys-138, encompassing the rear wall of a predicted ubiquinone-binding cavity. The quinolone ring and alkyl side chain of aurachin bound to the NqrB subunit in the regions Arg-43-Lys-54 and Trp-23-Gly-89, respectively. These results indicate that the binding sites for ubiquinone and aurachin-type inhibitors are in close proximity but do not overlap one another. Unexpectedly, although the inhibitory effects of PAD-1 and PAD-2 were almost completely abolished by certain mutations in NqrB (i.e. G140A and E144C), the binding reactivities of [125I]PAD-1 and [125I]PAD-2 to the mutated enzymes were unchanged compared with those of the wild-type enzyme. We also found that photoaffinity labeling by [125I]PAD-1 and [125I]PAD-2, rather than being competitively suppressed in the presence of other inhibitors, is enhanced under some experimental conditions. To explain these apparently paradoxical results, we propose models for the catalytic reaction of Na+-NQR and its interactions with inhibitors on the basis of the biochemical and biophysical results reported here and in previous work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Ito
- From the Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan and
| | - Masatoshi Murai
- From the Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan and
| | - Satoshi Ninokura
- From the Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan and
| | - Yuki Kitazumi
- From the Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan and
| | - Katherine G Mezic
- the Departments of Biological Sciences and.,Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180
| | - Brady F Cress
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180.,Chemical and Biological Engineering
| | - Mattheos A G Koffas
- the Departments of Biological Sciences and.,Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180.,Chemical and Biological Engineering
| | - Joel E Morgan
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180
| | - Blanca Barquera
- the Departments of Biological Sciences and.,Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180
| | - Hideto Miyoshi
- From the Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan and
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49
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Sharif M, Silva E, Shah STA, Miller DJ. Redistribution of soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive-factor attachment protein receptors in mouse sperm membranes prior to the acrosome reaction. Biol Reprod 2017; 96:352-365. [PMID: 28203732 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.116.143735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Formation of complexes between soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive-factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins on opposing membranes is the minimal requirement for intracellular membrane fusion. The SNARE, syntaxin 2, is found on the sperm plasma membrane and a second SNARE, vesicle associated membrane protein 2 (VAMP2, also known as synaptobrevin 2, SYB2), is on the apposing outer acrosomal membrane. During the acrosome reaction, the outer acrosomal membrane fuses at hundreds of points with the plasma membrane. We hypothesized that syntaxin 2 and VAMP2 redistribute within their respective membranes prior to the acrosome reaction to form trans-SNARE complexes and promote membrane fusion. Immunofluorescence and superresolution structured illumination microscopy were used to localize syntaxin 2 and VAMP2 in mouse sperm during capacitation. Initially, syntaxin 2 was found in puncta throughout the acrosomal region. At 60 and 120 min of capacitation, syntaxin 2 was localized in puncta primarily in the apical ridge. Although deletion of bicarbonate during incubation had no effect, syntaxin 2 puncta were relocated in the restricted region in less than 20% of sperm incubated without albumin. In contrast, VAMP2 was already found in puncta within the apical ridge prior to capacitation. The puncta containing syntaxin 2 and VAMP2 did not precisely co-localize at 0 or 60 min of capacitation time. In summary, syntaxin 2 shifted its location to the apical ridge on the plasma membrane during capacitation in an albumin-dependent manner but VAMP2 was already localized to the apical ridge. Puncta containing VAMP2 did not co-localize with those containing syntaxin 2 during capacitation; therefore, formation of trans-SNARE complexes containing these SNAREs does not occur until after capacitation, immediately prior to acrosomal exocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momal Sharif
- Institute of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Elena Silva
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1207 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Syed Tahir Abbas Shah
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1207 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - David J Miller
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1207 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL, USA
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50
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Murai M, Okuda A, Yamamoto T, Shinohara Y, Miyoshi H. Synthetic Ubiquinones Specifically Bind to Mitochondrial Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel 1 (VDAC1) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mitochondria. Biochemistry 2017; 56:570-581. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b01011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Murai
- Division
of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Ayaka Okuda
- Division
of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Takenori Yamamoto
- Institute
for Genome Research, University of Tokushima, Kuramotocho-3, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yasuo Shinohara
- Institute
for Genome Research, University of Tokushima, Kuramotocho-3, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Hideto Miyoshi
- Division
of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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