1
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Ma Y, Sang Y, Wu K, Liu Q, Chen H, Li Y. Selective production of 2-(tert-butyl)-3-methylphenol from depolymerization of enzymatic hydrolysis lignin with MoS2 catalyst. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2022.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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2
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Bilal M, Qamar SA, Yadav V, Cheng H, Khan M, Adil SF, Taherzadeh MJ, Iqbal HM. Exploring the potential of ligninolytic armory for lignin valorization – A way forward for sustainable and cleaner production. JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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3
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Wandee Y, Uttapap D, Mischnick P, Rungsardthong V. Production of pectic-oligosaccharides from pomelo peel pectin by oxidative degradation with hydrogen peroxide. Food Chem 2021; 348:129078. [PMID: 33515939 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative depolymerization of alkali- and acid-extracted pomelo pectins was performed using 1% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with a microwave power of 550 W for 10 min. Pectic-oligosaccharides (POS) produced from the acid-extracted methyl-esterified pectin contained higher amounts of DP1 and DP2 than that from the nearly ester-free alkali-extracted pectin, and the loss of these small-size products during recovery resulted in a lower POS yield (25.0%) compared to the alkali-extracted pectin (57.7%). Degradation of the alkali-extracted pectin with 3 and 5% H2O2 led to a decrease in precipitable POS yield. The relative amount of large-sized POS decreased as the H2O2 concentration increased. An increase in the microwave power to 1100 W had no significant effect on overall yield, but the average size shifted to be lower. The results of sugar composition and identification of the degraded products with ESI-MS confirmed the existence of several POS species with different sizes and structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuree Wandee
- Division of Biochemical Technology, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkhuntien, Bangkok 10150, Thailand.
| | - Dudsadee Uttapap
- Division of Biochemical Technology, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkhuntien, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
| | - Petra Mischnick
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstr, 20, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Vilai Rungsardthong
- Department of Agro-Industrial Technology, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand
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4
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Palivec V, Kopecký V, Jungwirth P, Bouř P, Kaminský J, Martinez-Seara H. Simulation of Raman and Raman optical activity of saccharides in solution. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:1983-1993. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05682c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
All conformers and anomeric forms of sugars in solutions together with the surrounding waters need to be averaged for reliable simulations of vibrational spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimír Palivec
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- Prague 6
- Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Kopecký
- Institute of Physics
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
- Charles University
- Prague 2
- Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Jungwirth
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- Prague 6
- Czech Republic
| | - Petr Bouř
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- Prague 6
- Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Kaminský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- Prague 6
- Czech Republic
- Gilead Sciences & IOCB Research Center
| | - Hector Martinez-Seara
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- Prague 6
- Czech Republic
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5
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Digestive behavior of Dendrobium huoshanense polysaccharides in the gastrointestinal tracts of mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 107:825-832. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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6
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Maleki L, Edlund U, Albertsson AC. Synthesis of full interpenetrating hemicellulose hydrogel networks. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 170:254-263. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.04.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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7
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Ibn Yaich A, Edlund U, Albertsson AC. Transfer of Biomatrix/Wood Cell Interactions to Hemicellulose-Based Materials to Control Water Interaction. Chem Rev 2017; 117:8177-8207. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anas Ibn Yaich
- Fibre and Polymer Technology,
School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrica Edlund
- Fibre and Polymer Technology,
School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann-Christine Albertsson
- Fibre and Polymer Technology,
School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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8
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Galland S, Berthold F, Prakobna K, Berglund LA. Holocellulose Nanofibers of High Molar Mass and Small Diameter for High-Strength Nanopaper. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:2427-35. [PMID: 26151837 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Wood cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) based on bleached pulp are different from the cellulose microfibrils in the plant cell wall in terms of larger diameter, lower cellulose molar mass, and modified cellulose topochemistry. Also, CNF isolation often requires high-energy mechanical disintegration. Here, a new type of CNFs is reported based on a mild peracetic acid delignification process for spruce and aspen fibers, followed by low-energy mechanical disintegration. Resulting CNFs are characterized with respect to geometry (AFM, TEM), molar mass (SEC), and polysaccharide composition. Cellulose nanopaper films are prepared by filtration and characterized by UV-vis spectrometry for optical transparency and uniaxial tensile tests. These CNFs are unique in terms of high molar mass and cellulose-hemicellulose core-shell structure. Furthermore, the corresponding nanopaper structures exhibit exceptionally high optical transparency and the highest mechanical properties reported for comparable CNF nanopaper structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Galland
- †Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Berthold
- †Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.,‡Innventia AB, P.O. Box 5604, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kasinee Prakobna
- †Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars A Berglund
- †Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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9
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A rapid and accurate method for the quantitative estimation of natural polysaccharides and their fractions using high performance size exclusion chromatography coupled with multi-angle laser light scattering and refractive index detector. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1400:98-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Maleki L, Edlund U, Albertsson AC. Thiolated hemicellulose as a versatile platform for one-pot click-type hydrogel synthesis. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:667-74. [PMID: 25574855 DOI: 10.1021/bm5018468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A one-pot synthetic methodology for the thiolation of O-acetyl-galactoglucomannan (AcGGM) was developed to merge hemicellulose chemistry with "click" chemistry. This was realized by the AcGGM-mediated nucleophilic ring-opening of γ-thiobutyrolactone via the activation of the polysaccharide pendant hydroxyl groups. The incorporation of thiol functionalities onto the hemicellulose backbone was visualized by (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy and was assessed by an Ellman's reagent assay of the thiol groups. The versatility of the thiolated AcGGM was elaborated and demonstrated by conducting several postmodification reactions together with hydrogel formation utilizing thiol-ene and thiol-Michael addition "click" reactions. The one-pot synthesis of thiolated AcGGM is a straightforward approach that can expand the applications of hemicelluloses derived from biomass by employing "click" chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Maleki
- Fiber and Polymer Technology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) , Teknikringen 56, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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11
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Ferrari E, Ranucci E, Edlund U, Albertsson AC. Design of renewable poly(amidoamine)/hemicellulose hydrogels for heavy metal adsorption. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Chimica; University of Milan; 20133 Milano Italy
| | | | - Ulrica Edlund
- Fibre and Polymer Technology; Royal Institute of Technology (KTH); Teknikringen 56-58 SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Ann-Christine Albertsson
- Fibre and Polymer Technology; Royal Institute of Technology (KTH); Teknikringen 56-58 SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden
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12
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Kaijanen L, Reinikainen SP, Pietarinen S, Sirén H, Jernström E. Detection of Novel Carbohydrate-Related Compounds in Aqueous Samples Using a Capillary Electrophoretic Profiling Method. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2014.966202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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13
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Saadatmand S, Edlund U, Albertsson AC, Danielsson S, Dahlman O, Karlström K. Turning Hardwood Dissolving Pulp Polysaccharide Residual Material into Barrier Packaging. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:2929-36. [DOI: 10.1021/bm400844b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Saadatmand
- Fibre and Polymer
Technology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Teknikringen 56-58,
SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrica Edlund
- Fibre and Polymer
Technology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Teknikringen 56-58,
SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann-Christine Albertsson
- Fibre and Polymer
Technology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Teknikringen 56-58,
SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sverker Danielsson
- Innventia AB, Drottning Kristinas väg
61, Box 5604, SE-114 86 Stockholm,
Sweden
| | - Olof Dahlman
- Innventia AB, Drottning Kristinas väg
61, Box 5604, SE-114 86 Stockholm,
Sweden
| | - Katarina Karlström
- Innventia AB, Drottning Kristinas väg
61, Box 5604, SE-114 86 Stockholm,
Sweden
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14
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Zajšek K, Goršek A, Kolar M. Cultivating conditions effects on kefiran production by the mixed culture of lactic acid bacteria imbedded within kefir grains. Food Chem 2013; 139:970-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.11.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Revised: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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15
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Determination of Aldoses, Deoxy-aldoses and Uronic Acids Content in a Pectin-Rich Extract by RP-HPLC-FLD after p-AMBA Derivatization. Chromatographia 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-013-2510-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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16
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Analysis of monosaccharides and oligosaccharides in the pulp and paper industry by use of capillary zone electrophoresis: a review. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:5773-84. [PMID: 23715674 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7031-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrate analysis is an important source of the information required for understanding and control of pulp and paper processes. The behavior of cellulose and hemicelluloses in the process, carbohydrate-lignin interactions, and the enzymatic treatment of fibers are examples of situations for which reliable, fast, qualitative, and quantitative methods are required. New uses of lignocellulosic material have further increased the need for carbohydrate analysis. This review collates and summarizes the most important findings and approaches in the analysis of wood-based carbohydrates by use of capillary zone electrophoresis and provides an analysis of the effect of different conditions on the separation, showing the advantages and limitations of the methods used. It provides guidelines for achieving higher quality and improved separation efficiency in carbohydrate analysis.
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17
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Wahlström R, Rovio S, Suurnäkki A. Analysis of mono- and oligosaccharides in ionic liquid containing matrices. Carbohydr Res 2013; 373:42-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2012.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Revised: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Oliver JD, Gaborieau M, Hilder EF, Castignolles P. Simple and robust determination of monosaccharides in plant fibers in complex mixtures by capillary electrophoresis and high performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1291:179-86. [PMID: 23608404 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Revised: 03/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates partially liberated by acid hydrolysis of plant fiber can be separated by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC), ligand-exchange liquid chromatography or other forms of LC with ion-exchange columns. However, the robust hydrogen-exchange columns show co-elution of galactose, xylose and mannose. Free solution capillary electrophoresis (CE) can be used without derivatization at pH 12.6 and was found to provide a higher resolution of galactose and xylose than common LC with no sample pre-treatment required, other than dilution, within 26min. CE was able to provide resolution higher than 0.79 for all separated carbohydrates, and the RSDs of determined concentrations lower than 10% for concentrations above 1.3gL(-1). A quantitative comparison between CE and HPLC revealed that up to 22% more carbohydrates are quantified with CE. Direct UV detection in CE of mono- and disaccharides is unexpectedly possible at 270nm. NMR analysis shows that alkaline degradation is too slow to explain this detection. This CE detection sensitivity is increased by the electric field and our CE and NMR analyses are consistent with a photo-oxidation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Oliver
- University of Western Sydney (UWS), Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Science and Health, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
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19
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Chong SL, Koutaniemi S, Virkki L, Pynnönen H, Tuomainen P, Tenkanen M. Quantitation of 4-O-methylglucuronic acid from plant cell walls. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 91:626-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.08.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Revised: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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20
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Costa C, Alves A, Pinto PR, Sousa RA, Borges da Silva EA, Reis RL, Rodrigues AE. Characterization of ulvan extracts to assess the effect of different steps in the extraction procedure. Carbohydr Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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21
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Edlund U, Albertsson AC. SET-LRP goes “green”: Various hemicellulose initiating systems under non-inert conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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22
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Escalante A, Gonçalves A, Bodin A, Stepan A, Sandström C, Toriz G, Gatenholm P. Flexible oxygen barrier films from spruce xylan. Carbohydr Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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23
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Mohan T, Kargl R, Doliška A, Ehmann HMA, Ribitsch V, Stana-Kleinschek K. Enzymatic digestion of partially and fully regenerated cellulose model films from trimethylsilyl cellulose. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 93:191-8. [PMID: 23465919 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2011] [Revised: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Partially and fully regenerated cellulose model films from trimethylsilyl cellulose (TMSC) were prepared by a time dependent regeneration approach. These thin films were characterized with contact angle measurements and attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR). In order to get further insights into the completeness of the regeneration we studied the interaction of cellulase enzymes from Trichoderma viride with the cellulose films using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D). To support the results from the QCM-D experiments capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were applied. The changes in mass and energy dissipation due to the interaction of the enzymes with the substrates were correlated with the surface wettability and elemental composition of the regenerated films. The highest interaction activity between the films and the enzyme, as well as the highest cellulose degradation, was observed on fully regenerated cellulose films, but some degradation also occurred on pure TMSC films. The enzymatic degradation rate correlated well with the rate of regeneration. It was demonstrated that CZE can be used to support QCM-D data via the detection of enzyme hydrolysis products in the eluates of the QCM-D cells. Glucose release peaked at the same time as the maximum mass loss was detected via QCM-D. It was shown that a combination of QCM-D and CZE together with enzymatic digestion is a reliable method to determine the conversion rate of TMSC to cellulose. In addition QCM-D and AFM revealed that cellulase is irreversibly bound to hydrophobic TMSC surfaces, while pure cellulose is digested almost completely in the course of hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamilselvan Mohan
- Laboratory for Characterization and Processing of Polymers, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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24
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Wahlström R, Rovio S, Suurnäkki A. Partial enzymatic hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose in ionic liquids by Trichoderma reesei endoglucanases. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra01299e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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25
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Dupont AL, Seemann A, Lavédrine B. Capillary electrophoresis with electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry for the characterisation of degradation products in aged papers. Talanta 2011; 89:301-9. [PMID: 22284496 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2011] [Revised: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A methodology for capillary electrophoresis/electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (CE/ESI-MS) was developed for the simultaneous analysis of degradation products from paper among two families of compounds: low molar mass aliphatic organic acids, and aromatic (phenolic and furanic) compounds. The work comprises the optimisation of the CE separation and the ESI-MS parameters for improved sensitivity with model compounds using two successive designs of experiments. The method was applied to the analysis of lignocellulosic paper at different stages of accelerated hygrothermal ageing. The compounds of interest were identified. Most of them could be quantified and several additional analytes were separated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laurence Dupont
- Centre de recherche sur la conservation des collections, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS USR 3224, 36 rue Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, F-75005 Paris, France
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26
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ZAJŠEK KATJA, KOLAR MITJA, GORŠEK ANDREJA. Characterisation of the exopolysaccharide kefiran produced by lactic acid bacteria entrapped within natural kefir grains. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0307.2011.00704.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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27
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Edlund U, Albertsson A. Macroinitiator halide effects in galactoglucomannan‐mediated single electron transfer‐living radical polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrica Edlund
- Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann‐Christine Albertsson
- Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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28
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A versatile single-electron-transfer mediated living radical polymerization route to galactoglucomannan graft-copolymers with tunable hydrophilicity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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29
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Zhu Ryberg YZ, Edlund U, Albertsson AC. Conceptual Approach to Renewable Barrier Film Design Based on Wood Hydrolysate. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:1355-62. [DOI: 10.1021/bm200128s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Z. Zhu Ryberg
- Fibre and Polymer Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - U. Edlund
- Fibre and Polymer Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A.-C. Albertsson
- Fibre and Polymer Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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30
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Ruiz-Matute AI, Hernández-Hernández O, Rodríguez-Sánchez S, Sanz ML, Martínez-Castro I. Derivatization of carbohydrates for GC and GC-MS analyses. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2010; 879:1226-40. [PMID: 21186143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Revised: 09/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
GC and GC-MS are excellent techniques for the analysis of carbohydrates; nevertheless the preparation of adequate derivatives is necessary. The different functional groups that can be found and the diversity of samples require specific methods. This review aims to collect the most important methodologies currently used, either published as new procedures or as new applications, for the analysis of carbohydrates. A high diversity of compounds with diverse functionalities has been selected: neutral carbohydrates (saccharides and polyalcohols), sugar acids, amino and iminosugars, polysaccharides, glycosides, glycoconjugates, anhydrosugars, difructose anhydrides and products resulting of Maillard reaction (osuloses, Amadori compounds). Chiral analysis has also been considered, describing the use of diastereomers and derivatives to be eluted on chiral stationary phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Ruiz-Matute
- Instituto de Fermentaciones Industriales-CIAL (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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31
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Bharadwaj R, Chen Z, Datta S, Holmes BM, Sapra R, Simmons BA, Adams PD, Singh AK. Microfluidic Glycosyl Hydrolase Screening for Biomass-to-Biofuel Conversion. Anal Chem 2010; 82:9513-20. [DOI: 10.1021/ac102243f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Bharadwaj
- Technology and Deconstruction Divisions, The Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Technology and Deconstruction Divisions, The Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Supratim Datta
- Technology and Deconstruction Divisions, The Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Bradley M. Holmes
- Technology and Deconstruction Divisions, The Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Rajat Sapra
- Technology and Deconstruction Divisions, The Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Blake A. Simmons
- Technology and Deconstruction Divisions, The Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Paul D. Adams
- Technology and Deconstruction Divisions, The Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Anup K. Singh
- Technology and Deconstruction Divisions, The Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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32
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Voepel J, Edlund U, Albertsson AC. Alkenyl-functionalized precursors for renewable hydrogels design. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Voepel J, Sjöberg J, Reif M, Albertsson AC, Hultin UK, Gasslander U. Drug diffusion in neutral and ionic hydrogels assembled from acetylated galactoglucomannan. J Appl Polym Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/app.29878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Bao Y, Newburg DS. Capillary electrophoresis of acidic oligosaccharides from human milk. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:2508-15. [PMID: 18512675 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Interest in defining the array of oligosaccharides of human milk has been increasing. Pathogens that bind glycans on their host mucosal surfaces may be inhibited by human milk oligosaccharides. It has been postulated that acidic oligosaccharides in human milk may inhibit binding by pathogens that bind acidic glycans in the gut, but testing this hypothesis requires their reliable quantification in milk. Sialyloligosaccharides of human milk have been quantified by HPLC and CE. A recent CE technique uses the MEKC mode with direct detection at 205 nm to resolve and quantify, in the native form, the 12 most dominant sialyloligosaccharides of human milk in a single 35-min run. The method gives a linear response from 39 to 2500 microg/mL with a coefficient of variation between 2 to 9% and accuracy from 93 to 109%. This was used to detect variation in expression of specific sialyloligosaccharides in milk. Individual sialyloligosaccharide concentrations in milk differ among individual donors and between less and more mature milk. Thus, CE can be used to measure variation in sialyloligosaccharide expression in milk, and thereby test the relationship of this variation-to-variation in risk of specific diseases in breastfed infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanwu Bao
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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35
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Spruce-derived mannans – A potential raw material for hydrocolloids and novel advanced natural materials. Carbohydr Polym 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2007.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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36
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Virkki L, Maina HN, Johansson L, Tenkanen M. New enzyme-based method for analysis of water-soluble wheat arabinoxylans. Carbohydr Res 2008; 343:521-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2007.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2007] [Revised: 10/22/2007] [Accepted: 10/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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37
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Rovio S, Simolin H, Koljonen K, Sirén H. Determination of monosaccharide composition in plant fiber materials by capillary zone electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1185:139-44. [PMID: 18255080 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2007] [Revised: 01/09/2008] [Accepted: 01/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The neutral sugar composition of acid hydrolyzed extracts of cellulose fiber samples, i.e. oat spelt, wheat straw, thermomechanica pulp (TMP) made of spruce, aspen stemwood, and bleached birch kraft pulp, was determined by a new capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method employing an alkaline background electrolyte. The method relies on in-capillary reaction and direct UV detection at wavelength 270 nm. Neutral carbohydrates D-(+)-galactose, D-(+)-glucose, L-rhamnose, D-(+)-mannose, D-(-)-arabinose, and D-(+)-xylose were simultaneously separated. The calibration plots were linear over a range from 10 to 150 mg/L for D-(+)-galactose, L-rhamnose, D-(+)-mannose, and D-(-)-arabinose and from 50 to 400mg/L for D-(+)-glucose and D-(+)-xylose. Relative standard deviations (RSDs) of peak areas during a 5-day analysis period varied from 3.3% for galactose to 11.8% for rhamnose. RSDs of migration times varied between 0.3 and 0.7%. The detection limit (at S/N 3) was 5mg/L for each monosaccharide. The results obtained by CZE agreed well with results obtained by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography. Glucose and xylose were the two predominant monosaccharides in the plants, except in the spruce TMP sample where glucose and mannose dominated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Rovio
- Technical Research Centre of Finland, VTT, Espoo, Finland
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38
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Cabálková J, Wahlund KG, Chmelík J. Complex analytical approach to characterization of the influence of carbon dioxide concentration on carbohydrate composition in Norway spruce needles. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1148:189-99. [PMID: 17382335 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2006] [Revised: 03/07/2007] [Accepted: 03/09/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Water-soluble non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in the needles of Norway spruce Picea abies [L.] Karst have been studied by using a combination of several separation techniques, having various detectors, with mass spectrometry. The intent was to find a suitable methodology that enables the characterization and determination of NSC, covering a wide range of molar masses, and being suitable to assess how NCS are influenced by both external conditions, e.g. different carbon dioxide (CO(2)) concentrations, light intensity, and by internal conditions such as the needle age. The techniques were liquid-liquid extraction, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AsFlFFF), electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). NSC were extracted by a methanol/chloroform/water mixture into the water-rich phase. Application of AsFlFFF and SEC, using refractive index (RI) and multi-angle light scattering (MALS) detectors to the water-rich extracts resulted in three or four main fractions covering molar masses from 10(3) to 10(6)g/mol. Individual fractions collected from SEC were directly subjected to both MALDI and ESI-MS analysis in order to identify NSC. MALDI mass spectra confirmed the presence of hexose oligomers in individual fractions while ESI-MS was used for evaluation of low mass NSC. HPLC-RI was used for quantification of NSC and predominant carbohydrates were found to be fructose, glucose, and sucrose. The changes in their content during seasonal course were studied in detail. HPLC coupled to ESI-MS enabled the identification of low concentration NSC like raffinose that occurred in the needles of autumn samplings. An influence of the increased CO(2) concentration on sucrose and glucose accumulation was observed and it was found that the light intensity as well as the needle age has significant influence on the sucrose content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Cabálková
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Department of Proteomics, Veverí 97, Brno CZ-60200, Czech Republic.
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39
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The potential in bioethanol production from waste fiber sludges in pulp mill-based biorefineries. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2007; 137-140:327-37. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-007-9062-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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40
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Betson TR, Augusti A, Schleucher J. Quantification of Deuterium Isotopomers of Tree-Ring Cellulose Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Anal Chem 2006; 78:8406-11. [PMID: 17165833 DOI: 10.1021/ac061050a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Stable isotopes in tree rings are important tools for reconstruction of past climate. Deuterium (D) is of particular interest since it may contain climate signals and report on tree physiology. Measurements of the D/H ratio of tree-ring cellulose have proven difficult to interpret, presumably because the D/H ratio of the whole molecule blends the abundances of the seven D isotopomers of cellulose. Here we present a method to measure the abundance of the D isotopomers of tree-ring cellulose by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The method transforms tree-ring cellulose into a glucose derivative that gives highly resolved, quantifiable deuterium NMR spectra. General guidelines for measurement of D isotopomers by NMR are described. The transformation was optimized for yield and did not alter the original D isotopomer abundances, thus, conserving the original signals recorded in wood cellulose. In the tree-ring samples tested, the abundances of D isotopomers varied by approximately +/-10% (2% standard error). This large variability can only be caused by biochemistry processes and shows that more information is present in D isotopomer abundances, compared to the D/H ratio. Therefore, measurements of the D isotopomer distribution of tree rings may be used to obtain information on long-term adaptations to environmental changes and past climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana R Betson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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41
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update covering the period 1999-2000. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2006; 25:595-662. [PMID: 16642463 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
This review describes the use of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry for the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and continues coverage of the field from the previous review published in 1999 (D. J. Harvey, Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry of carbohydrates, 1999, Mass Spectrom Rev, 18:349-451) for the period 1999-2000. As MALDI mass spectrometry is acquiring the status of a mature technique in this field, there has been a greater emphasis on applications rather than to method development as opposed to the previous review. The present review covers applications to plant-derived carbohydrates, N- and O-linked glycans from glycoproteins, glycated proteins, mucins, glycosaminoglycans, bacterial glycolipids, glycosphingolipids, glycoglycerolipids and related compounds, and glycosides. Applications of MALDI mass spectrometry to the study of enzymes acting on carbohydrates (glycosyltransferases and glycosidases) and to the synthesis of carbohydrates, are also covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Department of Biochemistry, Oxford Glycobiology Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom.
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42
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Hartman J, Albertsson AC, Lindblad MS, Sjöberg J. Oxygen barrier materials from renewable sources: Material properties of softwood hemicellulose-based films. J Appl Polym Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/app.22958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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43
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Griebl A, Lange T, Weber H, Milacher W, Sixta H. Xylo-Oligosaccharide (XOS) Formation through Hydrothermolysis of Xylan Derived from Viscose Process. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.200551413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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44
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Sjöberg J, Potthast A, Rosenau T, Kosma P, Sixta H. Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Polysaccharide Composition in Cellulosic Fiber Materials by Enzymatic Peeling/High-Performance Capillary Zone Electrophoresis. Biomacromolecules 2005; 6:3146-51. [PMID: 16283739 DOI: 10.1021/bm050471j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A combined enzymatic, chemical, and analytical approach was used to determine the cross-sectional carbohydrate composition in cellulosic fibers. The outer surface of cellulosic fibers was enzymatically removed layer-by-layer with precise quantitative control, and the monosaccharides in the peelings were subsequently analyzed by high-performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE) after precolumn derivatization with a UV label. This method was applied to dissolving pulps and regenerated cellulose fibers, with special emphasis on the cross-sectional distribution of hemicelluloses. Commercially available enzyme solutions were used, resulting in a reproducible peeling. Significant differences were found in the hemicellulose distribution across the fiber of different dissolving pulps, dependent on both natural source (beech or spruce) and preparation process (acidic sulfite cook or prehydrolysis kraft cook). Among the dissolving pulps, beech prehydrolysis kraft pulp showed the highest enrichment of surface xylan. Similar, albeit smaller, differences were noticed between various regenerated fibers (viscose, viscose Modal, and Lyocell): a thin hemicellulose-rich outermost layer was found in all the regenerated fibers studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Sjöberg
- Department of Chemistry & Christian-Doppler-Laboratory, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
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45
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Söderqvist Lindblad M, Albertsson AC, Ranucci E, Laus M, Giani E. Biodegradable Polymers from Renewable Sources: Rheological Characterization of Hemicellulose-Based Hydrogels. Biomacromolecules 2005; 6:684-90. [PMID: 15762630 DOI: 10.1021/bm049515z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hemicellulose-based hydrogels were prepared by radical polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate or poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate with oligomeric hydrosoluble hemicellulose modified with well-defined amounts of methacrylic functions. The polymerization reaction was carried out in water at 40 degrees C using a redox initiator system. The hydrogels were in general elastic, soft, and easily swellable in water. Their viscoelastic properties were determined by oscillatory shear measurements on 2 mm thick hydrogels under a slight compression to avoid slip, over the frequency range 10(-1) to 10(2). The rheological characterization indicated that the elastic response of the hydrogels was stronger than the viscous response, leading to the conclusion that the hydrogel systems displayed a predominantly solid-like behavior. The curves showed an increase in shear storage modulus with increasing cross-linking density. The nature of the synthetic comonomer in the hemicellulose-based hydrogels also influenced the shear storage modulus. Comparison of hemicellulose-based hydrogels with pure poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) hydrogels showed that their behaviors were rather similar, demonstrating that the synthetic procedure made it possible to prepare hemicellulose-based hydrogels with properties similar to those of pure poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) hydrogels.
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46
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Sjöberg J, Adorjan I, Rosenau T, Kosma P. An optimized CZE method for analysis of mono- and oligomeric aldose mixtures. Carbohydr Res 2004; 339:2037-43. [PMID: 15261598 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2004.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2004] [Accepted: 06/10/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An optimized capillary electrophoresis (CZE) method to analyze complex mixtures of aldoses was developed. The approach allows simultaneous quantitative analysis of all four isomeric aldopentoses, eight aldohexoses, as well as xylo- and cellooligosaccharides up to the tetraoses. UV tagging with 4-aminobenzoic acid ethyl ester (ABEE) in combination with reductive amination was used as pre-column derivatization. With optimum baseline separation and short run times, the method is very robust, and especially suited to follow reaction and isomerization kinetics of monosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Sjöberg
- Christian-Doppler-Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
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47
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A novel approach to quality and authenticity control of fruit products using fractionation and characterisation of cell wall polysaccharides. Food Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2003.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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48
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Qian Y, Yomano LP, Preston JF, Aldrich HC, Ingram LO. Cloning, characterization, and functional expression of the Klebsiella oxytoca xylodextrin utilization operon (xynTB) in Escherichia coli. Appl Environ Microbiol 2004; 69:5957-67. [PMID: 14532050 PMCID: PMC201249 DOI: 10.1128/aem.69.10.5957-5967.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is being developed as a biocatalyst for bulk chemical production from inexpensive carbohydrates derived from lignocellulose. Potential substrates include the soluble xylodextrins (xyloside, xylooligosaccharide) and xylobiose that are produced by treatments designed to expose cellulose for subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis. Adjacent genes encoding xylobiose uptake and hydrolysis were cloned from Klebsiella oxytoca M5A1 and are functionally expressed in ethanologenic E. coli. The xylosidase encoded by xynB contains the COG3507 domain characteristic of glycosyl hydrolase family 43. The xynT gene encodes a membrane protein containing the MelB domain (COG2211) found in Na(+)/melibiose symporters and related proteins. These two genes form a bicistronic operon that appears to be regulated by xylose (XylR) and by catabolite repression in both K. oxytoca and recombinant E. coli. Homologs of this operon were found in Klebsiella pneumoniae, Lactobacillus lactis, E. coli, Clostridium acetobutylicum, and Bacillus subtilis based on sequence comparisons. Based on similarities in protein sequence, the xynTB genes in K. oxytoca appear to have originated from a gram-positive ancestor related to L. lactis. Functional expression of xynB allowed ethanologenic E. coli to metabolize xylodextrins (xylosides) containing up to six xylose residues without the addition of enzyme supplements. 4-O-methylglucuronic acid substitutions at the nonreducing termini of soluble xylodextrins blocked further degradation by the XynB xylosidase. The rate of xylodextrin utilization by recombinant E. coli was increased when a full-length xynT gene was included with xynB, consistent with xynT functioning as a symport. Hydrolysis rates were inversely related to xylodextrin chain length, with xylobiose as the preferred substrate. Xylodextrins were utilized more rapidly by recombinant E. coli than K. oxytoca M5A1 (the source of xynT and xynB). XynB exhibited weak arabinosidase activity, 3% that of xylosidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilei Qian
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
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49
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Altria KD, Elder D. Overview of the status and applications of capillary electrophoresis to the analysis of small molecules. J Chromatogr A 2004; 1023:1-14. [PMID: 14760844 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The status of capillary electrophoresis (CE) in the analysis of small molecules is reviewed and summarised with the illustrative use of recent literature references. Examples are cited in this review which demonstrate that CE is now a recognised and established technique in many industries, law courts and government regulatory agencies. Each of the principal areas of CE application in small molecule analysis are covered in sections which highlight the recent developments and possibilities within that area. Application areas include the analysis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, chiral separations, and forensics is covered. This is an update to a previous review article [J. Chromatogr. A 856 (1999) 443] and covers papers published between 1999 and 2002. Technical developments and improvements, such as the advent of capillary array instrumentation for increased sample throughput, and improved detection options are described. Overall it is concluded that CE has become a recognised and established technique in many areas and is still within a period of development of both instrumentation and application which will continue to expand usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- K D Altria
- Product Line Extension Department, Pharmaceutical Development, GSK R&D, New Frontiers Science Park, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex CM19 5AW, UK.
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50
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Jacobs A, Palm M, Zacchi G, Dahlman O. Isolation and characterization of water-soluble hemicelluloses from flax shive. Carbohydr Res 2003; 338:1869-76. [PMID: 12932370 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(03)00308-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Partially depolymerized, water-soluble hemicelluloses were solubilized from flax shive employing hydrothermal microwave treatment and thereafter subjected to ion-exchange chromatography, enzymatic purification and/or size-exclusion chromatography (SEC). The oligo- and polysaccharide fractions thus obtained were characterized with respect to molar mass, molar mass distribution, degree of polymerization (DP) and degree of substitution with acetyl moieties (DSAc) by employing SEC in combination with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The major portion of the water-soluble flax hemicellulose consisted of an O-acetyl-4-O-methylglucuronoxylan exhibiting a DPp value (i.e., peak-average DP) of 28. When the DSAc for this O-acetyl-4-O-methylglucuronoxylan was calculated on the basis of the MALDI-MS spectra obtained without and following deacetylation, a value of 0.7 was obtained. In addition, an O-acetyl-glucomannan (DPp=9, DS=0.4) and minor quantities of small neutral O-acetyl-xylooligosaccharides were also isolated from the mixture of water-soluble hemicelluloses released from the flax shive by microwave treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Jacobs
- STFI, Swedish Pulp and Paper Research Institute, PO Box 5604, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
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