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Radwan MM, Abdou A, Nagi N, Younes DH, Mahrous A. Wear characteristics of esthetic resin matrix and zirconia reinforced lithium disilicate CAD/CAM materials: two-body wear and surface topography analysis. Minerva Dent Oral Sci 2023; 72:280-290. [PMID: 37255305 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6329.23.04779-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This in vitro study assessed the wear behavior of different CAD-CAM blocks and the abrasion of the enamel antagonist against these materials. METHODS 64 disk-shaped specimens were prepared from 8 different CAD/CAM blocks as follow: one lithium disilicate glass ceramics block "IPS Emax CAD" as control group, two zirconia reinforced lithium silicate "Vita Suprinity & Celtra DUO," one interpenetrating network ceramic block "Vita Enamic," Three resin-based block composites "Lava Ultimate, Cerasmart & Brilliant-crios" as well as one hybrid nanoceramic "Shofu block HC". All specimens were mounted against canine and tested for two body wear analysis using a chewing simulating loading machine (100,000 cycles, 50 N, 5/55 °C). The amount of wear loss was measured for each specimen using a digital precise scale. Wear area before and after the chewing simulation were evaluated using an optical profilometer. Data analysed using one-way ANOVA test followed by Tukey's post hoc. RESULTS The results showed a significantly higher wear loss in resin matrix ceramics in comparison to glass ceramics. However, for tooth wear glass ceramics had significantly higher value than hybrid ceramics. CONCLUSIONS Resin based CAD/CAM Blocks gives a superior result when evaluating the wear behavior and its effect on the opposing tooth surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Radwan
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bani-Suef University, Bani-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdou
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Salman International University, El Tur, Egypt -
| | - Nermeen Nagi
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Dina H Younes
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Zagazig, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Aliaa Mahrous
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
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Borg H, Azer SS, El Hadary A, Helaly O, Shoeib A, Hassan M. Evaluation of enamel wear by 3 occlusal splint materials: An in vitro study. J Prosthet Dent 2023; 130:743.e1-743.e6. [PMID: 37743141 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Occlusal devices used to manage bruxism have been commonly fabricated from polymethyl methacrylate with the powder-liquid technique. More recently, Vertex ThermoSens (VTS) and the biocompatible high-performance polymer (BioHPP), an optimized material having polyetheretherketone (PEEK) as its basis, have been used, but little is known about the wear of these materials on human enamel. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess via a mastication simulation test how 3 occlusal device materials affected the wear and roughness of enamel antagonists. MATERIAL AND METHODS A noncontact 3D optical profilometer was used to measure the enamel surface roughness (Ra) against 3 occlusal device materials: vertex regular, VTS, and PEEK high-performance polymer (BioHPP). A dual-axis mastication simulator was used to perform a 2-body wear test on specimens from each group. The test consisted of 10 000 cycles with a 70-N force and 5 to 55 °C thermocycling. Following simulated mastication, the weight of each specimen and the Ra change were compared with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, paired specimens t test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and 1-way analysis of variance (α=.05). RESULTS The polyamide group caused the lowest amount of enamel wear (P<.05), while the heat-polymerized acrylic resin group induced the largest amount of enamel wear (P<.05). For polyamide and PEEK, the change in enamel surface roughness exhibited a smooth texture, whereas it found a rougher surface for the heat-polymerized acrylic resin. CONCLUSIONS According to this study, surface roughness and wear on human enamel were not correlated. PEEK is a promising material for the fabrication of occlusal devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisham Borg
- Assistant Professor of Removable Prosthodontics, Depatrment of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Alsalam University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Shereen S Azer
- Associate Professor and Chair, Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
| | - Amany El Hadary
- Professor, Removable Prosthodontics, Depatrment of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt; Adjunct Professor of Prosthodontics, Depatrment of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Osama Helaly
- Lecturer of Removable Prosthodontics, Depatrment of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmad Shoeib
- Lecturer of Removable Prosthodontics, Depatrment of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Hassan
- Lecturer of Prosthodontics, Depatrment of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, King Salman International University, South Sinai, Egypt
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Çakmak G, Subaşı MG, Sert M, Yilmaz B. Effect of surface treatments on wear and surface properties of different CAD-CAM materials and their enamel antagonists. J Prosthet Dent 2023; 129:495-506. [PMID: 34301415 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Which surface treatment provides optimal surface roughness, microhardness, and wear behavior for computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) materials and their enamel antagonists is unclear. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of surface treatment on the surface roughness, microhardness, and 2-body wear of different CAD-CAM materials and their enamel antagonists. MATERIAL AND METHODS Monolithic zirconia, polymer-infiltrated ceramic network, lithium disilicate, leucite-reinforced ceramic, zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate, and feldspathic ceramic specimens were sliced into 2-mm-thick rectangular plates and divided into polished or glazed subgroups (n=6). After surface roughness and microhardness measurements, the specimens were loaded at 49 N for 250 000 cycles and simultaneously thermocycled (5 °C and 55 °C). All specimens were scanned before and after the wear test by using a scanner. The volumetric loss and wear depth of the materials and the volumetric and height loss of the enamel were calculated, and scanning electron microscope images of the specimens were made. Multiple 2-way ANOVAs and Tukey honestly significant difference tests were used to assess the effect of material and surface treatment on surface roughness, microhardness, and wear behavior of materials and enamel (α=.05). RESULTS Material and surface treatment interactions affected the surface roughness (P<.001), microhardness (P<.001), volumetric loss of materials (P=.044), and height loss of enamel (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Polishing resulted in higher surface roughness and microhardness than glazing. Volumetric loss depended on the material, which affected the height loss of the antagonists. Glazing and polishing had similar effects on the volumetric loss of materials and antagonists. No correlation was found between the wear of materials and the antagonists, nor between the surface roughness of materials and the volumetric loss of materials or antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülce Çakmak
- Buser Foundation Scholar for Implant Dentistry, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Meryem Gülce Subaşı
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Kütahya Sağlık Bilimleri University, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Murat Sert
- Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burak Yilmaz
- Associate Professor, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Associate Professor, Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Adjunct Professor, Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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Stück AVD, Raith S, Reich S. Twenty-four months in vivo wear of enamel antagonists to lithium disilicate implant crowns - a pilot study. J Dent 2022; 124:104215. [PMID: 35810925 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether there is a significant difference between the ratio of wear of lithium disilicate implant crowns and their enamel antagonists and adjacent enamel/enamel antagonist contacts. Additionally, the movement of the adjacent teeth was determined. MATERIALS AND METHODS Intraoral scans of the occlusal surfaces of 41 patients were performed after insertion of the implant restoration (baseline), after 12 and 24 months. From the initial study cohort, eleven implant crown/enamel antagonist pairs with adjacent enamel antagonist pairs could be analyzed in nine patients after 12 months. After 24 months, ten implant crowns of eight patients were available due to one decementation of an implant crown. A semiautomatic specifically developed iterative closest point algorithm was used to superimpose the surfaces of the baseline scan with the follow-up scans to measure the maximum height loss of each identified wear side. The mean maximum tooth wear and the standard deviation (SD) were calculated per unit. The ratio of wear of enamel/enamel antagonist teeth and the wear ratio of adjacent lithium disilicate implant crowns and their enamel antagonist surfaces were evaluated. Tooth movements were described by translations and rotations using a separate measurement procedure. The surfaces of the scans were superimposed setting the implant as a reference structure for registration. RESULTS After 12 months the wear ratio between the enamel antagonist pairs was 0.95 ± 0.27 µm and the ratio between lithium disilicate/enamel was 0.73 ± 0.49 µm. After 24 months the ratio of enamel antagonist pairs was 1.04 ± 0.28 µm and the ratio of lithium disilicate/enamel was 0.73 ± 0.51 µm. The ratios did not differ significantly. CONCLUSIONS Intraoral scanning and computer analysis showed that the two-years wear ratios between enamel/enamel and enamel/lithium disilicate implant crowns did not differ significantly. STATEMENT OF CLINICAL RELEVANCE The methodology described in this study could measure tooth wear and detect long-term wear performance. In the future, digital monitoring of prosthetic restorations should be integrated into clinical workflow to identify potential factors affecting longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle von der Stück
- Department of Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, Aachen 52074, Germany.
| | - Stefan Raith
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sven Reich
- Department of Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, Aachen 52074, Germany
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Wear Behavior of Different Generations of Zirconia: Present Literature. Int J Dent 2022; 2022:9341616. [PMID: 35295406 PMCID: PMC8920625 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9341616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. The wear behavior of the novel zirconia generation is less well understood and may be affected by compositional modifications compared to the conventional zirconia. Materials and Methods. Combinations of keywords such as “zirconia,” “high translucent,” and “wear” were searched in PubMed and Google Scholar databases up to May 2021. The total of 23 relevant articles was selected according to inclusion criteria. Results. Reports show comparable wear resistance of translucent zirconia to the conventional zirconia despite an increased cubic phase content and lower mean flexural strength. A meticulously polished surface creates the lowest surface roughness, producing favorable zirconia wear resistance and antagonist wear compared to a glazed surface. In comparison to other ceramic materials, zirconia produces the least wear on an enamel antagonist and almost undetectable wear when opposed by zirconia. Wear when paired against resin materials yields a favorable outcome, whereas wear behavior against a metal antagonist varies with the surface hardness of the metal. Conclusions. All zirconia generations are considered wear-friendly to all types of antagonists. Nonetheless, comparative studies on antagonist wear opposing zirconia of different compositions are still limited and further investigation is required.
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Bueno MG, Tribst JPM, Borges ALS. Canine guidance reconstruction with ceramic or composite resin: A 3D finite element analysis and in vitro wear study. J Prosthet Dent 2022; 127:765.e1-765.e9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ghaffari T, Rad F, Goftari A, Pashazadeh F, Ataei K. Natural teeth wear opposite to glazed and polished ceramic crowns: A systematic review. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.363567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Risk Indicators Affecting the Survival of the Mandibular First Molar Adjacent to an Implant at the Mandibular Second Molar Site: A Retrospective Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10122543. [PMID: 34201316 PMCID: PMC8227410 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10122543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the survival of mandibular first molars (MnM1s) adjacent to implants placed in mandibular second molar sites (ImM2s) with MnM1s adjacent to mandibular second molars (MnM2s) and to investigate risk indicators affecting the survival of MnM1s adjacent to ImM2s. A total of 144 patients who had MnM1s adjacent to ImM2s and MnM1s adjacent to MnM2s on the contralateral side were included in this study. Clinical variables and radiographic bone levels were evaluated. The survival of MnM1s adjacent to ImM2s or MnM2s was evaluated using a Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards model. The 5-year cumulative survival rates of MnM1s adjacent to ImM2s and MnM2s were 85% and 95%, respectively. MnM1s adjacent to ImM2s of the internal implant-abutment connection type had higher multivariate hazard ratios (HR) for loss. MnM1s that had antagonists with implant-supported prostheses also had higher HR for loss. The multivariate HR for the loss of MnM1s adjacent to ImM2s with peri-implant mucositis was 3.74 times higher than MnM1s adjacent to healthy ImM2s. This study demonstrated several risk indicators affecting the survival of MnM1s adjacent to ImM2s. It is suggested that supportive periodontal and peri-implant therapy combined with meticulous occlusal adjustment can prolong the survival of MnM1s and ImM2s.
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de Carvalho ABG, Dal Piva AMDO, Tribst JPM, Werner A, Saavedra GDSFA, Kleverlaan CJ. Effect of microwave crystallization on the wear resistance of reinforced glass-ceramics. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 111:104009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.104009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Jum'ah AA, Brunton PA, Li KC, Waddell JN. Simulated clinical adjustment and intra-oral polishing of two translucent, monolithic zirconia dental ceramics: An in vitro investigation of surface roughness. J Dent 2020; 101:103447. [PMID: 32763368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the surface roughness and residual flaws in two translucent zirconia substrates following simulated clinical adjustment and intra-oral finishing/polishing. MATERIALS AND METHODS Specimens were prepared from two translucent (5Y-ZP/8Y-ZP) and one conventional (3Y-TZP) zirconia substrates (n = 84 p/g). Arithmetic mean roughness parameter (Ra) was determined for all experimental groups at four stages (n = 21 p/g): (1) as-sintered, (2) surface grinding using a zirconia cutting diamond bur, (3) polishing using 1-step, 2-step or 4-step intra-oral polishing kits, and (4) laboratory polishing/glazing. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to evaluate residual surface flaws. Data were statistically analysed using a two-way ANOVA test, multiple and pairwise comparisons were performed using a Bonferroni post hoc test. RESULTS Ra was significantly higher for as-sintered and ground 5Y-ZP/8Y-ZP compared to 3Y-TZP (p ≤ 0.001). Material type and polishing protocol had statistically significant effect on Ra (p < 0.001). The 4-step polishing resulted in the lowest Ra in 3Y-TZP/5Y-ZP (p ≤ 0.001). No significant differences were observed between different polishing protocols in 8Y-ZP (p≥0.655). Glazing significantly reduced Ra in all materials compared to other polishing protocols (p ≤ 0.001) except for the 4-step protocol in 3Y-TZP (p = 0.195). SEM revealed pronounced surface flaws in ground 5Y-ZP/8Y-ZP. Grinding of 3Y-TZP induced ductile material removal and thereby, minimal cohesive material loss. The 4-step polishing protocol resulted in the fewest and shallowest surface flaws in all groups. Glazing of 3Y-TZP resulted in the most homogenous surface contrary to 5Y-ZP/8Y-ZP. CONCLUSIONS The finest surface finish was achieved using the 4-step polishing protocol in all studied materials. This protocol might be inadequate however for polishing of ground 5Y-ZP/8Y-ZP as a result of the pronounced surface damage induced by the grinding process. The glazing of 5Y-ZP/8Y-ZP might not be as predictable as for 3Y-TZP. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The higher susceptibility to surface damage, as a result of increasing dopant concentration, may render polishing of ground, translucent zirconia more complicated compared to the conventional 3Y-TZP counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad A Jum'ah
- Jordan University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - Paul A Brunton
- University of Otago, Faculty of Dentistry, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Kai Chun Li
- University of Otago, Faculty of Dentistry, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - J Neil Waddell
- University of Otago, Faculty of Dentistry, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
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Effects of 16% Carbamide Peroxide Bleaching on the Surface Properties of Glazed Glassy Matrix Ceramics. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1864298. [PMID: 32104679 PMCID: PMC7035531 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1864298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Objective To determine the influence of the home bleaching agent, Opalescence PF, on the surface roughness and microhardness of glazed glassy matrix CAD-CAM ceramics. Materials and Methods. The 28 sintered leucite- and lithium disilicate-reinforced ceramic specimens (IPS Empress CAD and IPS e.max CAD) were divided into control and bleached groups. The home bleaching agent was applied to specimens of bleached groups for 7 days. The surface roughness and microhardness of all specimens were measured. A scanning electron microscope was used to evaluate the surface properties. The data were statistically analyzed by two-way ANOVA. Results The control e.max CAD showed the lowest surface roughness values. For both Empress and e.max CAD, surface roughness was significantly higher for the bleached group (p < 0.05). No significant differences in microhardness were observed. Conclusions According to our study, patients should be careful when using home bleaching agents because whitening agents can affect the mechanical properties of full ceramic restorations like e.max CAD and Empress CAD. Ceramic polishing may be required in clinical situations where ceramic restorations are accidentally exposed to bleaching gels.
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Cha HS, Park JM, Kim TH, Lee JH. Wear resistance of 3D-printed denture tooth resin opposing zirconia and metal antagonists. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 124:387-394. [PMID: 31784192 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Additive manufacturing technology can be used for denture bases and also denture teeth. Therefore, the mechanical properties of 3D-printed resin denture teeth should be evaluated. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the wear resistance of 3D-printed denture tooth resin with that of conventionally prefabricated denture teeth. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eighty substrate specimens were prepared with 5 kinds of resin denture teeth: 3D-printed denture tooth resin (DENTCA denture tooth resin; DENTCA, Inc), Artic 6 (Kulzer GmbH), Preference (Candulor AG), Premium 6 (Kulzer GmbH), and Surpass (GC Corp). The 3D-printed denture tooth specimens were made of methacrylate-based photopolymerized resin by stereolithography 3D printing. Antagonistic surfaces were made from zirconia by milling and from cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) alloy by 3D printing and casting. The specimens were loaded at 49 N for 30 000 cycles under thermocycling conditions in a mastication simulator. Wear resistance was measured by calculating the volume of substance lost. Wear surface characteristics were observed by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Two-way ANOVA was used to analyze the data (α=.05). RESULTS The influence of the resin denture teeth and the type of antagonist were both statistically significant. The wear volume loss of the 3D-printed denture tooth resin was higher than that of Artic 6 and Preference when opposing the zirconia and the metal antagonists (P<.05). The 3D-printed denture tooth resin did not show a significant difference from Premium 6 with the zirconia and the metal antagonists or Surpass with the zirconia antagonist. From the SEM images, the specimens of the 3D-printed denture tooth resin showed a relatively smooth surface with the zirconia antagonist and exhibited cracks when opposed by the metal antagonist. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that 3D-printing by using resin materials provides adequate wear resistance for denture tooth use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Suk Cha
- Associate Professor, Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Man Park
- Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hyung Kim
- Section Chair, Removable Prosthodontics, Division of Restorative Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Joo-Hee Lee
- Associate Professor, Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Rashid H, Sheikh Z, Misbahuddin S, Kazmi MR, Qureshi S, Uddin MZ. Advancements in all-ceramics for dental restorations and their effect on the wear of opposing dentition. Eur J Dent 2019; 10:583-588. [PMID: 28042280 PMCID: PMC5166321 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.195170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tooth wear is a process that is usually a result of tooth to tooth and/or tooth and restoration contact. The process of wear essentially becomes accelerated by the introduction of restorations inside the oral cavity, especially in case of opposing ceramic restorations. The newest materials have vastly contributed toward the interest in esthetic dental restorations and have been extensively studied in laboratories. However, despite the recent technological advancements, there has not been a valid in vivo method of evaluation involving clinical wear caused due to ceramics upon restored teeth and natural dentition. The aim of this paper is to review the latest advancements in all-ceramic materials, and their effect on the wear of opposing dentition. The descriptive review has been written after a thorough MEDLINE/PubMed search by the authors. It is imperative that clinicians are aware of recent advancements and that they should always consider the type of ceramic restorative materials used to maintain a stable occlusal relation. The ceramic restorations should be adequately finished and polished after the chair-side adjustment process of occlusal surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Rashid
- Division of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Sheikh
- Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Syed Misbahuddin
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Murtaza Raza Kazmi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Fatima Jinnah Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sameer Qureshi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Fatima Jinnah Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
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Pfefferle R, Lümkemann N, Wiedenmann F, Stawarczyk B. Different polishing methods for zirconia: impact on surface, optical, and mechanical properties. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:395-403. [PMID: 31102049 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-02953-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test the impact of polishing strategies on zirconia properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred eight zirconia specimens were divided into nine groups (n = 12/group). Seven groups were polished in the white-stage with either (1) a felt wheel (FW), (2) a felt wheel combined with a polishing paste (FWP), (3) a goat hair brush (GB), (4) a goat hair brush combined with a polishing paste (GBP), (5) a green-state finishing kit (FK), (6) a universal polisher (UP), or (7) with SiC polishing paper (PP), and sintered. Thereafter, the seven groups were divided into two subgroups each and polished using (1) a fine polisher (one-step, n = 6) or (2) a rough and fine polisher (two-steps, n = 6). The positive control group (polish-lab-kit, PLK) was sintered and polished in two-steps. The no polished group (NP) acted as negative control group. Translucency (T%) was measured after white-stage polishing and sintering, and after sintered-stage polishing. Surface free energy (SFE), surface roughness (SR), and flexural strength (FS) were determined. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey-B post-hoc, t test, and Wilcoxon-test (p < 0.05). RESULTS FWP, GB, FK, UP, and PP presented decreased T% after one-step, while FWP, GB, GBP, FK, and UP presented decreased T% following two-steps polishing. FW showed the highest T% after white-stage, one-, and two-steps polishing. PP presented the lowest SFE. Two-steps polishing resulted in a lower SR for FW, FWP, GB, FK, UP, and PP and increased FS in all groups. CONCLUSIONS White-stage polishing improved zirconia properties. Two-steps polishing in the sintered stage, especially when combined with a polishing paste, can decrease SR and increase T% and FS. CLINICAL RELEVANCE With polishing in the sintered-stage impairing the polishing material and being time consuming, alternatives such as white-stage polishing should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Pfefferle
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, Goethestraße 70, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Nina Lümkemann
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, Goethestraße 70, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Felicitas Wiedenmann
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, Goethestraße 70, 80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - Bogna Stawarczyk
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, Goethestraße 70, 80336, Munich, Germany
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Ludovichetti FS, Trindade FZ, Werner A, Kleverlaan CJ, Fonseca RG. Wear resistance and abrasiveness of CAD-CAM monolithic materials. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 120:318.e1-318.e8. [PMID: 30097264 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) restorations are in contact with the antagonist tooth, either a natural tooth or a restoration. Therefore, clinicians should be aware of the wear resistance of CAD-CAM materials and the wear behavior of the antagonist. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the wear resistance and abrasiveness of CAD-CAM materials. MATERIAL AND METHODS In a 2-body wear test, the materials IPS e.max CAD (Ivoclar Vivadent AG), Vita Suprinity (Vita Zahnfabrik), Lava Ultimate (3M ESPE), Vita Enamic (Vita Zahnfabrik), and Lava Plus (3M ESPE) acted as abraders and, together with bovine enamel, also as antagonists. Each antagonist wheel ran against each abrader wheel for 200000 cycles, with a spring force of 15 N, and at a rotational speed of 1 Hz in distilled water. The wear rate was determined with a surface profilometer. The surfaces were observed with scanning electron microscopy, and their hardness, coefficient of friction, and roughness were evaluated. RESULTS Lava Plus and IPS e.max CAD exhibited the highest potential for wear of Lava Ultimate. These 2 materials, together with Vita Suprinity, provided the highest wear of enamel and Vita Enamic. Vita Suprinity and IPS e.max CAD had higher wear than Lava Plus, and the inverse was also true. Vita Enamic and Lava Ultimate were among the materials that caused the lowest wear of enamel and all other evaluated materials. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed that except for Lava Ultimate, all other materials damaged enamel, in which Vita Suprinity and IPS e.max CAD were more aggressive when sliding against the materials. Lava Plus had the greatest hardness, followed by Vita Suprinity and IPS e.max CAD, Vita Enamic, and then Lava Ultimate. The coefficient of friction varied from 0.42 to 0.53. The Vita Enamic and Lava Ultimate showed the highest surface roughness. CONCLUSIONS The nanofilled composite resin and polymer-infiltrated ceramic were more antagonist-friendly (whether enamel or CAD-CAM material) than glass-ceramics and zirconia. Care should be taken when selecting the material that will contact mainly with glass-ceramics. Hardness should also be considered when selecting a material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Saverio Ludovichetti
- Postgraduate student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Flávia Zardo Trindade
- Postdoctoral student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Arie Werner
- Engineer, Department of Dental Materials Science, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam; and Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis Johannes Kleverlaan
- Professor, Department of Dental Materials Science, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam; and Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Renata Garcia Fonseca
- Associate Professor, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil.
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Zurek AD, Alfaro MF, Wee AG, Yuan JCC, Barao VA, Mathew MT, Sukotjo C. Wear Characteristics and Volume Loss of CAD/CAM Ceramic Materials. J Prosthodont 2018; 28:e510-e518. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria F. Alfaro
- Department of Prosthodontics; University of Michigan School of Dentistry; Ann Arbor MI
| | - Alvin G. Wee
- Maxillofacial Prosthodontics; Veterans Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System; Omaha NE
| | - Judy Chia-Chun Yuan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; College of Dentistry; Chicago IL
| | - Valentim A. Barao
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology; University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba Dental School; Piracicaba, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Mathew T. Mathew
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; College of Dentistry; Chicago IL
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford; Rockford IL
| | - Cortino Sukotjo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; College of Dentistry; Chicago IL
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D'Arcangelo C, Vanini L, Rondoni GD, Vadini M, De Angelis F. Wear Evaluation of Prosthetic Materials Opposing Themselves. Oper Dent 2018; 43:38-50. [DOI: 10.2341/16-212-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
The purpose of the present in vitro study was to compare the two-body wear resistance of a type 3 gold alloy (Aurocast8), two lithium disilicate glass ceramics (IPS e.max CAD and IPS e.max Press), a heat-pressed feldspathic porcelain (Cerabien ZR Press), an yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal ceramic (Katana Zirconia ML), and three heat-cured composite resins (Ceram.X Universal, Enamel Plus Function, and Enamel Plus HRi) opposing antagonistic cusps made out of the same restorative materials. Ten 6-mm-thick samples and 10 cusp-shaped abraders were manufactured with each test material (n=10) according to standard laboratory procedures. All sample/antagonist pairs made out of the same material were subjected to a two-body wear test in a dual-axis chewing simulator for up to 120,000 loading cycles. The total vertical wear (mm) and the total volumetric loss (mm3) for each sample/antagonist pair were calculated. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance tests. The total vertical wear for the gold alloy was not significantly different compared to Ceram.X Universal, Enamel Plus Function, IPS e.max CAD, and Cerabien ZR Press. Significantly increased wear values were observed for Enamel Plus HRi and IPS e.max Press. The lowest values for total vertical wear and volumetric loss were recorded on the monolithic zirconia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C D'Arcangelo
- Camillo D'Arcangelo, DDS, Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - L Vanini
- Lorenzo Vanini, DDS, private practitioner, Chiasso, Switzerland
| | - GD Rondoni
- Giuseppe Daniele Rondoni, DT, private practitioner, Savona, Italy
| | - M Vadini
- Mirco Vadini, PhD, DDS, Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - F De Angelis
- Francesco De Angelis, PhD, DDS, Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
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Kozmacs C, Hollmann B, Arnold WH, Naumova E, Piwowarczyk A. Polishing of Monolithic Zirconia Crowns-Results of Different Dental Practitioner Groups. Dent J (Basel) 2017; 5:dj5040030. [PMID: 29563437 PMCID: PMC5806964 DOI: 10.3390/dj5040030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This pilot study evaluates the surface roughness of monolithic zirconia crowns after chairside polishing by different dental practitioner groups. Four practitioner groups (group I: dental clinical students (n = 6); group II: dentists < 2 years post-qualification experience (n = 6); group III: dentists > 2 years post-qualification experience (n = 6) and group IV: dental technicians (n = 6)) were asked to polish two CAD/CAM-fabricated full-contour zirconia crowns (48 in total). A two-step zirconia polishing kit was used in both trials. The first trial (T1) was conducted without a time limitation. In the second trial (T2), the polish was restricted to 15 seconds for each polisher. Two blinded investigators (I1 and I2) analyzed the surface roughness (Ra) before and after polishing (Alicona measuring system). No statistically significant difference in surface roughness was found between the polishing results of the dental practitioner groups. Major difference in surface finish was achieved by dental technicians, with a median value of 25.4 nm (interquartile range 10.15–35.26 nm) for I1 in T1. The lowest difference was achieved by dental students, with a median value of Ra = 6.72 nm (interquartile range 4.7–17.9 nm) in T1. In T2, experienced dentists showed the highest difference in surface finish, with a median value of 41.35 nm (interquartile range 7.77–54.11). No significant correlation was found between polishing time and polishing results. The polishing of monolithic zirconium dioxide crowns can be performed with the present polishing set directly chairside after occlusal adjustment, regardless of the practitioner’s experience level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Kozmacs
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Technology, School of Dentistry, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen-Straße 44, 58455 Witten, Germany.
| | | | - Wolfgang H Arnold
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen-Straße 44, 58455 Witten, Germany.
| | - Ella Naumova
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen-Straße 44, 58455 Witten, Germany.
| | - Andree Piwowarczyk
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Technology, School of Dentistry, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen-Straße 44, 58455 Witten, Germany.
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Effect of various polishing systems on the surface roughness and phase transformation of zirconia and the durability of the polishing systems. J Prosthet Dent 2017; 117:430-437. [PMID: 28088308 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Although many systems are used to polish zirconia, a comparison of the performance of zirconia and feldspathic porcelain polishing systems is lacking. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the effects of 3 polishing systems on surface roughness, zirconia phase transformation, and durability of the polishing systems when applied to zirconia and feldspathic porcelain. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three polishing systems were evaluated: Z1, a zirconia polishing system; Z2, a zirconia polishing system, and F1, a feldspathic porcelain polishing system. Three ceramic systems were evaluated: PR and ZM zirconia specimens (diameter 15 mm, height 2 mm; 23 specimens each) and CB feldspathic porcelain specimens of the same size (15 specimens). A rough surface was created on the 3 types of specimens (15 specimens each) to model an occlusal adjustment under the same conditions. Polishing was carried out with the 3 polishing systems for 2 minutes each. Surface roughness was measured with a 3-dimensional (3D) optical profiler. The surface was also observed with a scanning electron microscopy. X-ray diffraction analysis was performed for 8 PR or ZM zirconia specimens polished by using the Z1 and Z2 systems for 8 minutes to evaluate the phase transformation of zirconia before, during, and after polishing. These specimens were compared and analyzed for phase transformation that might have occurred during the polishing of the specimens. After finishing the surface roughness experiment and the phase transformation experiment, the volumes of the polishers were measured with a 3D volume scanner and compared with those before the experiments to evaluate the durability of the polishing system. A statistical analysis of all data was performed using 2-way ANOVA and the Tukey honest significant difference test (α=.05). RESULTS The 2 zirconia polishing systems (Z1, Z2) created a significantly (P<.001) smoother surface, regardless of the type of specimens used for polishing, than the feldspathic porcelain polishing system (F1). When polishing treatment was carried out on zirconia specimens for 8 minutes, the maximum percentages of monoclinic phase increased by 0.03% in the Z1 system and by 0.09% in the Z2 system. The volume change for the durability evaluation of the polishing system was 13.35 and 29.37% in the Z1 system, 2.05 and 5.92% in the Z2 system, and 3.60 and 4.95% in the F1 system, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Zirconia polishing systems created a smoother surface on zirconia than the feldspathic porcelain polishing system. No significant changes in the phase transformation of zirconia were found before and after polishing. Each polishing system showed different levels of wear resistance.
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Freddo RA, Kapczinski MP, Kinast EJ, de Souza Junior OB, Rivaldo EG, da Fontoura Frasca LC. Wear Potential of Dental Ceramics and its Relationship with Microhardness and Coefficient of Friction. J Prosthodont 2016; 25:557-562. [PMID: 26288177 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate, by means of pin-on-disk testing, the wear potential of different dental ceramic systems as it relates to friction parameters, surface finish, and microhardness. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three groups of different ceramic systems (Noritake EX3, Eris, Empress II) with 20 disks each (10 glazed, 10 polished) were used. Vickers microhardness (Hv) was determined with a 200-g load for 30 seconds. Friction coefficients (μ) were determined by pin-on-disk testing (5 N load, 600 seconds, and 120 rpm). Wear patterns were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test, with the significance level set at α = 0.05. RESULTS The coefficients of friction were as follows: Noritake EX3 0.28 ± 0.12 (polished), 0.33 ± 0.08 (glazed); Empress II 0.38 ± 0.08 (polished), 0.45 ± 0.05 (glazed); Eris 0.49 ± 0.05 (polished), 0.49 ± 0.06 (glazed). Microhardness measurements were as follows: Noritake EX3 530.7 ± 8.7 (polished), 525.9 ± 6.2 (glazed); Empress II 534.1 ± 8 (polished), 534.7 ± 4.5 (glazed); Eris, 511.7 ± 6.5 (polished), 519.5 ± 4.1 (glazed). The polished and glazed Noritake EX3 and polished and glazed Eris specimens showed statistically different friction coefficients. SEM image analysis revealed more surface changes, such as small cracks and grains peeling off, in glazed ceramics. CONCLUSIONS Wear potential may be related to the coefficient of friction in Noritake ceramics, which had a lower coefficient than Eris ceramics. Within-group analysis showed no differences in polished or glazed specimens. The differences observed were not associated with microhardness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Myriam Pereira Kapczinski
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFGRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Eder Julio Kinast
- Exact Sciences and Engineering, Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul (UERGS), Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - Oswaldo Baptista de Souza Junior
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFGRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Elken Gomes Rivaldo
- School of Dentistry, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, Brazil
| | - Luis Carlos da Fontoura Frasca
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFGRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Singh A, Nagpal A, Pawah S, Pathak C, Issar G, Sharma P. Qualitative Assessment of Wear Resistance and Surface Hardness of Different Commercially Available Dental Porcelain: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016; 17:755-761. [PMID: 27733720 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In an attempt to minimize wear damage to the enamel of antagonist teeth, new low and medium fusing ceramic materials have been developed. Manufacturers usually claim that these ceramics are wear-friendly because of their lower hardness, lower concentrations of crystal phase, and smaller crystal sizes. This study aimed to quantitatively analyze the wear strength of various commercially available dental porcelain with tooth enamel as well as the surface hardness of these dental porcelain. MATERIALS AND METHODS The basic model was designed as a pin on plate arrangement. The tooth specimens were mounted on the stylus which was centered on the ceramic specimen in a wear testing machine. The dental ceramic specimen was centered in the metal die. A load of 40 N was applied at a rate of 80 cycles/minute for 15 minutes. In the current study, mean wear depth (Ra) value, volumetric loss, and surface hardness were obtained by standard quantification method and were statistically evaluated. RESULTS Ceramco-3 was reported to be most abrasive for enamel; however, Duceram love significantly more abraded itself than the other two, Ceramco-3 and Vita Alpha, and generated the lowest loss of enamel. Also, same abrasive type of wear was revealed for all three variants of tested ceramics. CONCLUSION Ceramco-3 was the most abrasive for enamel, while surface roughness (mean wear depth) of Duceram love was maximum and for Ceramco-3 it was minimum. The value of surface roughness for Vita Alpha was in between Duceram love and Ceramco-3. Nonetheless, the mean surface hardness of Duceram love was found to be least and maximum for Vita Alpha. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE In situations of dental wear and wasting tooth disease (Attrition/Abrasion), Duceram can be applied in lieu of Ceramco-3 so as to prevent worsening of existing dentition. However, in younger patients Vita Alpha would offer maximum durability due to its greater surface hardness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Singh
- Department of Prosthodontics, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad, Haryana, India, Phone: +919818613206 e-mail:
| | - Abhishek Nagpal
- Department of Prosthodontics, ITS-CDSR Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Salil Pawah
- Department of Prosthodontics, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Chetan Pathak
- Department of Prosthodontics, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Gaurav Issar
- Department of Prosthodontics, ITS-CDSR Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pankaj Sharma
- Department of Prosthodontics, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad, Haryana, India
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Preis V, Grumser K, Schneider-Feyrer S, Behr M, Rosentritt M. Cycle-dependent in vitro wear performance of dental ceramics after clinical surface treatments. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 53:49-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Daou EE. Esthetic Prosthetic Restorations: Reliability and Effects on Antagonist Dentition. Open Dent J 2015; 9:473-81. [PMID: 26962376 PMCID: PMC4768664 DOI: 10.2174/1874210601509010473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in ceramics have greatly improved the functional and esthetic properties of restorative materials. New materials offer an esthetic and functional oral rehabilitation, however their impact on opposing teeth is not welldocumented. Peer-reviewed articles published till December 2014 were identified through Pubmed (Medline and Elsevier). Scientifically, there are several methods of measuring the wear process of natural dentition which enhances the comparison of the complicated results. This paper presents an overview of the newly used prosthetic materials and their implication on antagonist teeth or prostheses, especially emphasizing the behavior of zirconia restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elie E Daou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Vrochari AD, Petropoulou A, Chronopoulos V, Polydorou O, Massey W, Hellwig E. Evaluation of Surface Roughness of Ceramic and Resin Composite Material Used for Conservative Indirect Restorations, after Repolishing by Intraoral Means. J Prosthodont 2015; 26:296-301. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Areti D. Vrochari
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Centre for Medicine and Oral Health; Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus; Gold Coast QLD Australia
| | - Aikaterini Petropoulou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Greece
| | - Vasilios Chronopoulos
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Centre for Medicine and Oral Health; Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus; Gold Coast QLD Australia
| | - Olga Polydorou
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University School and Hospital; Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg i. Br.; Germany
| | - Ward Massey
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Centre for Medicine and Oral Health; Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus; Gold Coast QLD Australia
| | - Elmar Hellwig
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University School and Hospital; Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg i. Br.; Germany
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Mundhe K, Jain V, Pruthi G, Shah N. Clinical study to evaluate the wear of natural enamel antagonist to zirconia and metal ceramic crowns. J Prosthet Dent 2015; 114:358-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Hara M, Takuma Y, Sato T, Koyama T, Yoshinari M. Wear performance of bovine tooth enamel against translucent tetragonal zirconia polycrystals after different surface treatments. Dent Mater J 2014; 33:811-7. [PMID: 25373564 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2014-097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The wear performances of bovine tooth enamel (BTE) against translucent tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (TZP) compared to that of feldspar porcelain and the influence of surface treatments of translucent TZP were investigated by the two-body wear test. Translucent TZP and feldspar porcelain were used as hemisphere abrader specimens with a radius of curvature of 5 mm; flat BTE surfaces were used as substrate specimens. The cross-sectional area of the worn surfaces of the substrates and the wear volume of the antagonist abraders were measured. Surface roughness, hardness and coefficient of friction as well as SEM observations and EPMA analyses were also performed to investigate the underlying mechanism of wear. The results suggested that BTE is less susceptible to wear when translucent TZP is used as the antagonist in contrast to the use of feldspar porcelain, and that surface treatment of the TZP abraders significantly influenced the wear of BTE substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Hara
- Division of Oral Implants Research, Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College
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Sripetchdanond J, Leevailoj C. Wear of human enamel opposing monolithic zirconia, glass ceramic, and composite resin: An in vitro study. J Prosthet Dent 2014; 112:1141-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2014.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Faria ACL, de Oliveira AA, Alves Gomes É, Silveira Rodrigues RC, Faria Ribeiro R. Wear resistance of a pressable low-fusing ceramic opposed by dental alloys. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2014; 32:46-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2013.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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30
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Ravella H, Krishnan V. Evaluating the effect of reglazing on dental porcelain surfaces – An invitro study. Indian J Dent 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijd.2013.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Kanbara T, Sekine H, Homma S, Yajima Y, Yoshinari M. Wear behavior between zirconia and titanium as an antagonist on fixed dental prostheses. Biomed Mater 2014; 9:025005. [PMID: 24495945 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/9/2/025005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the wear behavior of the abrader when tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (TZP), cp-titanium (CpTi) and Ti-6Al-4V alloy (TiAlV) were used as the antagonist on fixed dental prostheses (FDPs). Both hemisphere abrader and flat substrate specimens were prepared using TZP, CpTi and TiAlV. Two-body wear tests were performed in distilled water, and the wear volume of the abrader specimen was measured to evaluate the wear behavior. In addition, scanning microscopic observation and an electron probe micro-analysis were performed to elucidate the underlying mechanism of the wear. The wear volume of CpTi and TiAlV abrader specimens was approximately 20 times larger than that of TZP abrader specimen against all substrate specimens. This is due to the differences in hardness between the ultra-hardness of TZP and the comparatively low hardness of CpTi and TiAlV. The wear volume of CpTi and TiAlV abrader specimens against the TZP substrate was significantly smaller than for the CpTi and TiAlV substrates despite the hardness of TZP being much larger than those of CpTi and TiAlV. This phenomenon may be based on the adhesive wear mechanism. Elements of Ti, Al and V originating in the TiAlV substrate were detected adhering to the abrader CpTi specimen. These results suggest that FDPs of CpTi and TiAlV are susceptible to wear against not only TZP but also CpTi and TiAlV in contrast to TZP FDPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsunemichi Kanbara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Tokyo Dental College, 1-2-2 Masago, Mihama-ku, Chiba 261-8502, Japan
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Crystallization of high-strength nano-scale leucite glass-ceramics. Dent Mater 2013; 29:1149-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2013.08.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hmaidouch R, Weigl P. Tooth wear against ceramic crowns in posterior region: a systematic literature review. Int J Oral Sci 2013; 5:183-90. [PMID: 24136675 PMCID: PMC3967317 DOI: 10.1038/ijos.2013.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this systematic review was to assess tooth wear against ceramic crowns in posterior region in vitro and in vivo. An electronic PubMed search was conducted to identify studies on tooth wear against ceramic crowns in posterior region. The selected studies were analyzed in regard to type of crowns, natural antagonist, measuring protocol and outcome. From a yield of 1 000 titles, 43 articles were selected for full-text analysis; finally, no in vitro and only five in vivo studies met the inclusion criteria. As there is heterogeneity in design, used measuring method, ceramics and analysis-form, a meta-analysis was not possible. Results of these studies are very controversial which makes a scientifically valid comparison impossible. This review indicated that some all-ceramic crowns are as wear friendly as metal-ceramic crowns. Up to now, it has been impossible to associate tooth wear with any specific causal agent. The role of ceramic surface treatment that might be responsible for the changing in rate of tooth wear seems undetermined as yet through clinical trials. The literature reveals that studies on this topic are subject to a substantial amount of bias. Therefore, additional clinical studies, properly designed to diminish bias, are warranted.
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Janyavula S, Lawson N, Lawson N, Cakir D, Beck P, Ramp LC, Burgess JO. The wear of polished and glazed zirconia against enamel. J Prosthet Dent 2013; 109:22-9. [PMID: 23328193 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3913(13)60005-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The wear of tooth structure opposing anatomically contoured zirconia crowns requires further investigation. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to measure the roughness and wear of polished, glazed, and polished then reglazed zirconia against human enamel antagonists and compare the measurements to those of veneering porcelain and natural enamel. MATERIAL AND METHODS Zirconia specimens were divided into polished, glazed, and polished then reglazed groups (n=8). A veneering porcelain (Ceramco3) and enamel were used as controls. The surface roughness of all pretest specimens was measured. Wear testing was performed in the newly designed Alabama wear testing device. The mesiobuccal cusps of extracted molars were standardized and used as antagonists. Three-dimensional (3D) scans of the specimens and antagonists were obtained at baseline and after 200 000 and 400 000 cycles with a profilometer. The baseline scans were superimposed on the posttesting scans to determine volumetric wear. Data were analyzed with a 1-way ANOVA and Tukey Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) post hoc tests (α=.05) RESULTS Surface roughness ranked in order of least rough to roughest was: polished zirconia, glazed zirconia, polished then reglazed zirconia, veneering porcelain, and enamel. For ceramic, there was no measureable loss on polished zirconia, moderate loss on the surface of enamel, and significant loss on glazed and polished then reglazed zirconia. The highest ceramic wear was exhibited by the veneering ceramic. For enamel antagonists, polished zirconia caused the least wear, and enamel caused moderate wear. Glazed and polished then reglazed zirconia showed significant opposing enamel wear, and veneering porcelain demonstrated the most. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of the study, polished zirconia is wear-friendly to the opposing tooth. Glazed zirconia causes more material and antagonist wear than polished zirconia. The surface roughness of the zirconia aided in predicting the wear of the opposing dentition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Janyavula
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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35
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Reduced wear of enamel with novel fine and nano-scale leucite glass-ceramics. J Dent 2013; 41:561-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2013.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Evaluation of the surface roughness in dental ceramics submitted to different finishing and polishing methods. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2013; 13:290-5. [PMID: 24431749 DOI: 10.1007/s13191-013-0261-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceramic restorations have been widely used in dentistry. These restorations often require intraoral adjustment with diamond burs after their cementation causing increasing roughness of the ceramic surface. Consequently some finishing and polishing methods have been used to minimize this occurrence. The aim of this study is to evaluate the roughness of the ceramic surfaces submitted to different finishing and polishing methods. 144 specimens of VITAVM(®)7, VM(®)9 and VM(®)13 (VITA Zahnfabrik) ceramics were fabricated and submitted to grinding using diamond burs. They were then divided into 15 groups (five of each ceramic type). Groups 1, 6 and 11-positive control (Glaze); Groups 2, 7 and 12-negative control (no polishing); Groups 3, 8 and 13-polished with abrasive rubbers (Edenta), felt disc and diamond polishing past; Groups 4, 9 and 14-polished with abrasive rubbers (Shofu), felt disc and diamond polishing past; Groups 5, 10 and 15-polished with aluminum oxide discs (Sof-Lex, 3M-ESPE), felt disc and diamond polishing paste. The roughness of the samples surfaces were measured using the rugosimeter Surfcorder SE 1700 and the data were submitted to statistical analysis using ANOVA and Tukey test at a level of significance of 5 %. There was statistically significance difference between the positive control groups and the other groups in all the ceramic types. Mechanical finishing and polishing methods were not able to provide a surface as smooth as the glazed surface for the tested ceramics. To assist dental practitioners to select the best finishing and polishing methods for the final adjustment of the ceramic restorations.
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Khandelwal M, Jain D. A comparative evaluation of wear of enamel caused by ceramics with different fusion temperatures. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2012; 13:513-9. [PMID: 24431784 DOI: 10.1007/s13191-012-0197-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental ceramics are the most used esthetic fixed Prosthodontic restorative material today. However, dentists remain suspicious about their potential abrasivity. Lower-fusing ceramic materials developed, are claimed to be wear friendly. This study was conducted to compare the wear of enamel of extracted teeth against one conventionally used ceramic VMK-95 (fusing temperature 930 °C) and two new lower-fusing ceramics-Omega 900 and Finesse with fusing temperatures 900 and 760 °C respectively, used for metal-ceramic restorations. Metal disks were prepared from ceramic alloy and divided into three groups of 10 disks each on which VMK-95, Omega 900 and Finesse ceramics were applied respectively. Ceramic disks and tooth specimen were mounted on custom-made wear simulator and subjected to predefined masticatory test. Each tooth specimen was profiled by laser triangulation sensor before and after masticatory test. Difference in height was calculated. The results showed that mean loss of height of tooth was least against Finesse (0.3431 + 0.0177 mm) followed by Omega 900 (0.4076 + 0.0135 mm) and VMK-95 (0.6177 + 0.014 mm). Statistical analysis revealed statistically significant difference between VMK-95 & Omega 900 and VMK-95 & Finesse. The difference in loss of height of tooth against Finesse & Omega 900 is statistically insignificant (P < 0.001). The results of this study indicate that lower-fusing dental ceramics cause less wear of opposing enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Khandelwal
- Department of Prosthodontics, Darshan Dental College & Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan India ; 978 Gyan Nagar, Hiran Magri Sector 4, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313001 India
| | - Deshraj Jain
- Department of Prosthodontics, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh India
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38
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Kim MJ, Oh SH, Kim JH, Ju SW, Seo DG, Jun SH, Ahn JS, Ryu JJ. Wear evaluation of the human enamel opposing different Y-TZP dental ceramics and other porcelains. J Dent 2012; 40:979-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/04/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Preis V, Behr M, Handel G, Schneider-Feyrer S, Hahnel S, Rosentritt M. Wear performance of dental ceramics after grinding and polishing treatments. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2012; 10:13-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2012.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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40
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Mitov G, Heintze SD, Walz S, Woll K, Muecklich F, Pospiech P. Wear behavior of dental Y-TZP ceramic against natural enamel after different finishing procedures. Dent Mater 2012; 28:909-18. [PMID: 22608163 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2012.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Revised: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of different finishing procedures on the wear behavior of zirconia against natural enamel. METHODS 64 quadratic specimens (10 mm × 10 mm × 2 mm) were cut from a commercial hipped dental Y-TZP ceramic. Four different groups with 16 specimens each were formed according to the following finishing procedures: PZ (polished), RR (fine-grit diamond), GR (coarse-grit diamond), GZ (glazed). Polished specimens of a leucite-reinforced glass ceramic (Empress CAD) were used as a control (GC). The materials were subjected to the Ivoclar wear method (Willytec chewing simulator, 120,000 cycles, 5kg weight) with 80 natural caries-free cusps of first upper molars as antagonists. Wear was analyzed for both the enamel cusps and test specimens by measurement of the vertical substance loss with a laser scanner. Surface roughness was measured by means of a white-light interferometer. RESULTS The surface roughness was significantly different among the polished, diamond-finished, and glazed ceramic specimens (ANOVA, post hoc Bonferroni p<0.05). The results of the one-way ANOVA indicated that the finishing technique significantly affected enamel wear (p<0.05). The post hoc test indicated that the specimens finished with the coarse diamond caused significantly higher antagonist wear than the polished ones. Polished zirconia showed the lowest wear of the antagonist enamel, with a mean value of 171.74 (SD = 121.68), and resulted in enamel wear that was not significantly different from that of the glass ceramic control group. No significant linear correlation could be found between pre-testing surface roughness and abrasive wear. SIGNIFICANCE If zirconia is used without veneering material for crowns and fixed dental prostheses (FDPs), the surface must be well-polished if occlusal adjustments with coarse diamonds are performed. The polishing step reduces the wear of the opposing enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergo Mitov
- Department Prosthetic Dentistry, Danube Private University, Krems, Austria.
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41
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Kara HB, Aykent F, Ozturk B. The Effect of Bleaching Agents on the Color Stability of Ceromer and Porcelain Restorative Materials In Vitro. Oper Dent 2012; 38:E1-8. [DOI: 10.2341/11-436-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Purpose
The aim of this in vitro study was to determine the color changes of five different restorative materials after exposing these materials to two different home bleaching agents.
Methods
This study applied bleaching agents to an ultralow-fusing porcelain, a low-fusing porcelain, two types of heat-pressed glass ceramics, and a ceromer. A total of 24 disc-shaped specimens were fabricated (with a diameter of 10 mm and a thickness of 2 mm) from each material (n=12). The initial color measurements were taken with a spectrophotometer. The first set of specimens were bleached with 10% hydrogen peroxide (HP) for one hour daily for 10 days. The other set of specimens were bleached with 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) bleaching gel for eight hours daily for 14 days. Data were analyzed with the one-way analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis statistical test. The difference in the prebleaching and postbleaching color of each material was considered to be statistically significant at p < 0.05.
Results
The study found a statistically significant difference among the color changes of the test groups after exposing them to both bleaching agents (p<0.05). Appreciable color change was observed in the Estenia (ΔE=3.99) specimens that were bleached with the HP, and noticeable color changes were observed in the Estenia (ΔE=1.89) and IPS Empress 2 (ΔE=1.66) groups when they were treated with the CP.
Conclusions
Restorations (especially polymer-containing restorative materials) should be protected before any bleaching procedure due to the high risk of color change.
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Affiliation(s)
- HB Kara
- Haluk Baris Kara, Faculty of Dentistry, Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - F Aykent
- Filiz Aykent, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
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42
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Fahmy NZ, Salah E. An In Vitro Assessment of a Ceramic-Pressed-to-Metal System as an Alternative to Conventional Metal Ceramic Systems. J Prosthodont 2011; 20:621-7. [PMID: 22182223 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-849x.2011.00767.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Z Fahmy
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo, Egypt.
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43
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de Noronha F, Scelza MFZ, da Silva LE, de Carvalho WR. Evaluation of compressive strength in the first premolars between young and elderly people: ex vivo study. Gerodontology 2011; 29:e898-901. [PMID: 22074570 DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-2358.2011.00583.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the compressive strength of first maxillary premolars from young and elderly people. BACKGROUND Findings have revealed that changes happening on dental structure lead to a higher susceptibility of tooth fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty teeth were divided into four groups as follows: G I (n = 7) premolars of elderly patients with fused roots, G II (n = 8) premolars of elderly with separate roots, G III (n = 7) pre-molars of young people with fused roots and G IV (n = 8) premolars of young people with roots separated. The roots were placed in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) cylinder and embedded in acrylic resin. Afterward, the samples were subjected to fracture by compressive strength in a universal testing machine. Loads were applied in continuous and progressive speed of 0.5 mm/min until the moment of fracture. The values found underwent statistical analysis (ANOVA α = 0.05). RESULTS With regard to age, there was a statistical difference, the teeth of the elderly being more susceptible to fracture (p < 0.05). With regard to root morphology, no significant differences between both groups were observed (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION It was concluded that with the methodology employed, the age factor was important with regard to fracture resistance to compression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando de Noronha
- Post-graduation Program in Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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44
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Chen X, Chadwick TC, Wilson RM, Hill RG, Cattell MJ. Crystallization and flexural strength optimization of fine-grained leucite glass-ceramics for dentistry. Dent Mater 2011; 27:1153-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2011.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2011] [Revised: 06/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Chen X, Chadwick T, Wilson R, Hill R, Cattell M. Crystallization of High-strength Fine-sized Leucite Glass-ceramics. J Dent Res 2010; 89:1510-6. [DOI: 10.1177/0022034510377795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Manufacturing of leucite glass-ceramics often leads to materials with inhomogeneous microstructures. Crystal-glass thermal mismatches which produce microcracking around larger crystals-agglomerates are associated with reduced mechanical properties. The hypotheses were that fine (< 1 µm) crystal size and uniform microstructure in a thermally matched glass would increase the biaxial flexural strength (BFS). Glass was synthesized, attritor-milled, and heat-treated. Glasses and glass-ceramics were characterized by XRD, SEM, and Dilatometry. Experimental (A, M1A and M2A) and commercial glass-ceramics were tested by the BFS test. Experimental glass-ceramics showed an increased leucite crystal number and decreased crystal size with glass particle size reduction. Leucite glass-ceramics (< 1 µm) showed minimal matrix microcracking and BFS values of [mean (SD) MPa]: M1A = 253.8 (53.3); and M2A = 219.5 (54.1). Glass-ceramics M1A and M2A had higher mean BFS and characteristic strength than the IPS Empress Esthetic glass-ceramic (p < 0.05). Fine-grained, translucent leucite glass-ceramics were synthesized and produced high mean BFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- X. Chen
- Centre of Adult Oral Health, Queen Mary University of London, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Turner Street, London, E1 2AD, UK
| | | | - R.M. Wilson
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, E1 4NS, UK
| | - R. Hill
- Dental Physical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Mile End Road, E1 4NS, UK
| | - M.J. Cattell
- Centre of Adult Oral Health, Queen Mary University of London, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Turner Street, London, E1 2AD, UK
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Alarcon JV, Engelmeier RL, Powers JM, Triolo PT. Wear Testing of Composite, Gold, Porcelain, and Enamel Opposing a Removable Cobalt-Chromium Partial Denture Alloy. J Prosthodont 2009; 18:421-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-849x.2009.00455.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Ghazal M, Hedderich J, Kern M. Wear of feldspathic ceramic, nano-filled composite resin and acrylic resin artificial teeth when opposed to different antagonists. Eur J Oral Sci 2009; 116:585-92. [PMID: 19049531 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2008.00573.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the wear of denture teeth and their antagonists produced by two-body and three-body wear tests. Three types of denture teeth, namely feldspathic ceramic (FC), nano-filled composite resin (NCR), and experimental acrylic resin teeth (AR), were tested. For each type two groups of eight upper premolars each were prepared. The first group was tested against cusps from the same material and the second group was tested against human enamel cusps. Each group was loaded with a total of 200,000 chewing cycles (two-body wear 100,000 cycles and three-body wear 100,000 cycles). Wear was analyzed by measuring the maximum depth and volume loss of the denture teeth using a laser scanner and by measuring the vertical loss of the antagonists using an optical macroscope. Statistically, there was no significant difference between the following combinations: FC-FC and NCR-NCR regarding the vertical and volume loss; and FC-enamel and NCR-enamel regarding the total vertical substance loss. The combinations AR-AR and AR-enamel showed higher wear values than the other combinations. For complete dentures, composite resin and ceramic teeth showed similar vertical and volume loss, whereas composite resin teeth seemed to be more suitable for partial dentures opposing natural teeth in terms of wear of teeth and antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhamad Ghazal
- Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Christian-Albrechts University at Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
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48
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Dalkiz M, Sipahi C, Beydemir B. Effects of Six Surface Treatment Methods on the Surface Roughness of a Low-Fusing and an Ultra Low-Fusing Feldspathic Ceramic Material. J Prosthodont 2009; 18:217-22. [PMID: 19141045 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-849x.2008.00410.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Dalkiz
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Sciences Center, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey
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49
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Zaki AA, Fahmy NZ. The Effect of a Bleaching System on Properties Related to Different Ceramic Surface Textures. J Prosthodont 2009; 18:223-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-849x.2008.00419.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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50
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Heintze SD, Cavalleri A, Forjanic M, Zellweger G, Rousson V. Wear of ceramic and antagonist—A systematic evaluation of influencing factors in vitro. Dent Mater 2008; 24:433-49. [PMID: 17720238 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2007.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2006] [Accepted: 06/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE (1) To systematically review the existing literature on in vitro assessments of antagonist wear of ceramic materials; (2) To systematically evaluate possible influencing factors on material and antagonist wear of ceramic specimens. METHODS The database MEDLINE was searched with the terms "enamel," "wear" and "antagonist." The selected studies were analyzed with regard to wear parameters, type of antagonist and outcome. In the laboratory study, three ceramic materials were selected with different compositions and physical properties: IPS d.SIGN low-fusing metal ceramic, IPS Empress leucite ceramic, e.max Press lithium disilicate ceramic. These materials were subjected to the Ivoclar wear method (Willytec chewing simulator, 120,000cycles, 5kg weight) by systematically modifying the following variables which resulted in 36 tests with 8 specimens in each group: (1) configuration (flat, crown specimen), (2) surface treatment (polish, glaze), (3) type of antagonist (ceramic, two types of enamel stylus). Furthermore, the enamel styluses were cut to measure the enamel thickness and cusp width. Wear of both the material and the antagonist was quantified by scanning plaster replicas of the specimens with a laser scanner (etkon es1) and matching baseline and follow-up data with the Match 3D software (Willytec). The data were log-transformed to stabilize the variance and achieve near normality. To test the influence of specific test parameters, a four-way ANOVA with post hoc tests and Bonferroni correction was applied. RESULTS The systematic review revealed 20 in vitro studies in which a material and the antagonist wear of the same material was examined. However, the results were inconsistent mainly due to the fact that the test parameters differed widely. Most studies used prepared enamel from extracted molars as the antagonist and flat polished ceramic specimens. The test chamber was filled with water and some sort of sliding movement was integrated in the wear generating process. However, there was a huge variation in relation to the applied force, the used force actuator, the number of cycles, and the frequency of cycles per time as well as the number of specimens. The results of the systematic laboratory tests revealed that the following factors strongly influence the wear: configuration (more material wear of flat versus crown specimens), surface treatment (more antagonist wear of glazed versus polished specimens), the antagonist system (more material wear and less antagonist wear for ceramic stylus versus enamel stylus), and enamel thickness (less wear for thicker enamel). Material wear was not very much different between the materials. However, e.max Press generally caused more antagonist wear than the other two materials, which were quite similar. However, the main influencing factors did not yield consistent results for all the subgroups and there was a huge variability of results within the subgroups especially in those groups that used enamel as antagonist. SIGNIFICANCE As far as consistency and correlation with clinical studies is concerned, the set-up that consists of unprepared enamel of molar cusps against glazed crowns seems to be the most appropriate method to evaluate a ceramic material with regard to antagonist wear. However, due to the high variability of results large sample sizes are necessary to differentiate between materials, which calls the whole in vitro approach into question.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Heintze
- R&D, Ivoclar-Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein.
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