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Xi R, Abdulla R, Zhang M, Sherzod Z, Ivanovna VV, Habasi M, Liu Y. Pharmacokinetic Study and Metabolite Identification of 1-(3'-bromophenyl)-heliamine in Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15121483. [PMID: 36558934 PMCID: PMC9781129 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetrahydroisoquinolines have been widely investigated for the treatment of arrhythmias. 1-(3'-bromophenyl)-heliamine (BH), an anti-arrhythmias agent, is a synthetic tetrahydroisoquinoline. This study focuses on the pharmacokinetic characterization of BH, as well as the identification of its metabolites, both in vitro and in vivo. A UHPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated to quantify BH in rat plasma with a linear range of 1-1000 ng/mL. The validated method was applied to a pharmacokinetic study in rats. The maximum concentration Cmax (568.65 ± 122.14 ng/mL) reached 1.00 ± 0.45 h after oral administration. The main metabolic pathways appeared to be phase-I of demethylation, dehydrogenation, and epoxidation, and phase II of glucuronide and sulfate metabolites. Finally, a total of 18 metabolites were characterized, including 10 phase I metabolites and 8 phase II metabolites. Through the above studies, we have gained a better understanding of the absorption and metabolism of BH in vitro and in vivo, which will provide us with guidance for future in-depth studies on this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruqi Xi
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant Resources in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19 (A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rahima Abdulla
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant Resources in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant Resources in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19 (A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhurakulov Sherzod
- S. Yu. Yunusov Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100170, Uzbekistan
| | - Vinogradova Valentina Ivanovna
- S. Yu. Yunusov Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100170, Uzbekistan
| | - Maidina Habasi
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant Resources in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yongqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant Resources in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (Y.L.)
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Li D, Lu Y, Sun P, Feng LX, Liu M, Hu LH, Wu WY, Jiang BH, Yang M, Qu XB, Guo DA, Liu X. Inhibition on Proteasome β1 Subunit Might Contribute to the Anti-Cancer Effects of Fangchinoline in Human Prostate Cancer Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141681. [PMID: 26512898 PMCID: PMC4626104 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Fangchinoline is a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Radix Stephaniae tetrandrae S. Moore. Fangchinoline and its structure analogue, tetrandrine, exhibited direct binding affinity with recombinant human proteasome β1 subunit and also inhibited its activity in vitro. In cultured prostate PC-3 cells and LnCap cells, fangchinoline could dose-dependently inhibit cell proliferation and caspase-like activity of cellular proteasome which was mediated by proteasome β1 subunit. The inhibitive effect of fangchinoline on caspase-like activity of proteasome was also observed in purified human erythrocyte 20S proteasome. In PC-3 cells, fangchinoline induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and apoptosis. Treatment of PC-3 tumor-bearing nude mice with fangchinoline inhibited tumor growth, induced apoptosis and also caused decrease in proteasome activities in tumor xenografts. Dose-dependent and time-dependent accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins and important proteasome substrates such as p27, Bax and IκB-α were observed in fangchinoline-treated cells. Over-expression of proteasome β1 subunit by plasmid transfection increased sensitivity of cells to the cytotoxicity of fangchinoline while knockdown of proteasome β1 subunit ameliorated cytotoxicity of fangchinoline in PC-3 cells. Results of the present study suggested that proteasome inhibition was involved in the anti-cancer effects of fangchinoline. Fangchinoline and its structure analogues might be new natural proteasome inhibitors targeting β1 subunit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, P.R. China
| | - Yu Lu
- Nanjing Tianyi Bioscience Co. Ltd, Nanjing 210061, P.R. China
| | - Peng Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Li-Xing Feng
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Miao Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hong Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Wan-Ying Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Hong Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Min Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Bo Qu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, P.R. China
| | - De-An Guo
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (DG); (XL)
| | - Xuan Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (DG); (XL)
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Yu XC, Wu S, Chen CF, Pang KT, Wong TM. Antihypertensive and anti-arrhythmic effects of an extract of Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae in the rat. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 56:115-22. [PMID: 14980008 DOI: 10.1211/0022357022458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this study, we determined the effects of an extract of Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae (RST) on arterial blood pressure and heart weight in deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt (DOCA-salt) hypertensive rats. We also determined the effects of the extract on arrhythmia and infarct induced by myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion in anaesthetized rats. We further compared the effects of the extract with those of tetrandrine, which makes up 7% of the extract and is known to act as a calcium-channel antagonist, and verapamil, a prototype calcium-channel antagonist. Treatment with RST extract returned the arterial blood pressure, cardiac compliance and coronary flow towards normal, and reduced right ventricular hypertrophy in the DOCA-salt hypertensive rat. In the anaesthetized rat, the RST extract reduced arrhythmia and infarct size induced by myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion; the effects were similar to those of tetrandrine and verapamil. The findings indicate that the RST extract acts like a calcium-channel antagonist. It may be used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, as are the calcium-channel antagonist and tetrandrine. More interestingly, the effects of the RST extract were of the same potency as tetrandrine. Since only 7% of the extract was tetrandrine, the observation indicates that tetrandrine was not the only component that was responsible for the actions of the extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-C Yu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Ko HC, Chen KT, Chen CF, Su JP, Chen CM, Wang GJ. Chemical and biological comparisons on Evodia with two related species of different locations and conditions. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2006; 108:257-63. [PMID: 16824714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2005] [Revised: 04/24/2006] [Accepted: 05/12/2006] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Evodia rutaecarpa (ER) and Tetradium glabrifolium (TG) are closely related species collected from different locations, with processed versus unprocessed and fresh versus 1-year-old samples. The purpose of this study is to determine the variability of their bioactive constituents; evodiamine, dehydroevodiamine, rutaecarpine and synephrine--as well as their relaxing effects on an isolated rat aortas and uterus using the extracts of the test specimens. The vasorelaxation was greater in ER from Taiwan than from China in spite of lower levels of the relaxing alkaloids evodiamine, dehydroevodiamine and rutaecarpine. On the other hand, the uterine relaxation of ER from China was better than the one from Taiwan, even though constricting synephrine was only contained in Chinese ER. After processing, the relaxation of ER from China in the uterus was increased while the vasorelaxation remained unchanged. Conversely, TG from Wu-ling contained more relaxing alkaloids than that from Lee Mountain. However, the relaxation in both the uterus and the aorta was less in TG from Wu-ling. After 1 year of storage, the vasorelaxation of TG from Lee Mountain was not changed. Taken together, a significant finding in the present study is the lack of correction between chemical composition and relaxing activities. This strongly supports our assumption that biological function evaluations, instead of chemical standardization, is the more adequate way of showing meaningful consistency of natural preparations.
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MESH Headings
- Alkaloids/chemistry
- Alkaloids/isolation & purification
- Alkaloids/pharmacology
- Animals
- Aorta/drug effects
- Aorta/physiology
- China
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Evodia/chemistry
- Female
- Fruit/chemistry
- In Vitro Techniques
- Indole Alkaloids/chemistry
- Indole Alkaloids/isolation & purification
- Indole Alkaloids/pharmacology
- Male
- Methanol
- Molecular Structure
- Muscle Relaxation/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth/physiology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiology
- Myometrium/drug effects
- Myometrium/physiology
- Plant Extracts/chemistry
- Plant Extracts/isolation & purification
- Plant Extracts/pharmacology
- Quinazolines/chemistry
- Quinazolines/isolation & purification
- Quinazolines/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Species Specificity
- Synephrine/pharmacology
- Taiwan
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Chieh Ko
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Li Y, Dong L, Jia A, Chang X, Xue H. Preparation and characterization of solid lipid nanoparticles loaded traditional chinese medicine. Int J Biol Macromol 2006; 38:296-9. [PMID: 16600362 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2006.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2006] [Accepted: 03/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasonication was employed to prepare solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN). The model traditional Chinese medicine, tetrandrine (TET), was incorporated into SLN. The TET-loaded SLN (TET-SLN) were spherical in the photograph of transmission electron microscope (TEM). The particle size measured by laser diffraction (LD) was found to be 157.3+/-8.2nm. Zeta potential analyzer suggested the zeta potential of TET-SLN was -29.36+/-3.68mV in distilled water. The entrapment efficiency (EE%) was determined with the sephadex gel chromatogram and high-performance liquid chromatogram (HPLC), and up to 90.59% of TET was incorporated. Stability evaluation showed relatively long-term stability with only slight particle growth (P>0.05) after storage at room temperature for 4 weeks. Therefore, ultrasonication is demonstrated to be a simple, available and effective method to prepare high quality SLN loaded traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China.
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Sekiya N, Hikiami H, Yokoyama K, Kouta K, Sakakibara I, Shimada Y, Terasawa K. Inhibitory Effects of Stephania tetrandra S. MOORE on Free Radical-Induced Lysis of Rat Red Blood Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2005; 28:667-70. [PMID: 15802807 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.28.667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Crude preparations of Stephania tetrandra S. MOORE (ST), a traditional herbal medicine, have been used safely for arthritis and silicosis in China. In this study, we demonstrated that ST in vitro protects red blood cells from 2,2-azo-bis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced hemolysis. The inhibitory effect was dose-dependent at concentrations of 10 to 1000 microg/ml. Moreover, tests were carried out to identify the main ingredient of ST that exerts a scavenging effect on free-radicals. Three representative alkaloids, tetrandrine, fangchinoline, and cyclanoline, isolated from ST, were found to have inhibitory activities against AAPH-induced lysis of red blood cells (RBC). Furthermore, the ingestion of 200 mg of ST extract was associated with a significant increase in free-radical scavenging effect of plasma in rats. These results suggest that ST as antioxidant inhibits AAPH-induced hemolysis of RBC both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyasu Sekiya
- Department of Japanese Oriental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan
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Thevand A, Stanculescu I, Mandravel C, Woisel P, Surpateanu G. Total assignment and structure in solution of tetrandrine by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modelling. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2004; 60:1825-30. [PMID: 15248956 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2003.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2003] [Revised: 09/08/2003] [Accepted: 09/11/2003] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution 1- and 2D NMR spectra of tetrandrine and molecular modelling were employed to characterise its structure in solution. Complete and unambiguous assignment of all proton and carbon resonance signals is reported. Scalar couplings were determined from dihedral angles with the Karplus equation. Inter-proton distances were evaluated from NOE correlation peaks. Comparison of simulated and X-ray conformations of tetrandrine reveals only small differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Thevand
- UMR 6633, Spectrométries et Dynamique Moléculaire, Université de Provence, Campus de Saint-Jérôme, Case 252, F13397 Marseille 20, France
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Stanculescu I, Mandravel C, Delattre F, Landy D, Woisel P, Surpateanu G. Cation binding characteristics of tetrandrine studied by UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-6030(03)00268-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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