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Ventura AS, Corrêa Filho RAC, Cardoso CAL, Stringhetta GR, de Oliveira Brasileiro L, Ribeiro JS, Pereira SA, Jerônimo GT, Povh JA. Ocimum basilicum essential oil in pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus: anesthetic efficacy, distribution, and depletion in different tissues. Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:685-694. [PMID: 37851315 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10225-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the anesthetic activity of Ocimum basilicum essential oil and the distribution and depletion of its major compounds in different tissues of the pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus. Juveniles (319.08 ± 9.14 g) were individually anesthetized with six concentrations of essential oil from O. basilicum (150, 180, 210, 240, 270, and 300 mg L-1), while in a second experiment, fish (492.39 ± 51.51 g) were subjected to a 10 min immersion bath with essential oil from O. basilicum (300 mg L-1). After anesthetic recovery, blood and tissue samples of the brain, gills, liver, spleen, and white muscle were collected at 0, 0.5, 1.0, 3.0, 6.0, 12.0, and 24 h. A 300 mg L-1 concentration induced anesthesia in the shortest time (193.11 ± 9.31), while at 270 and 300 mg L-1 concentrations, the anesthetic recovery period was the longest (244.33 ± 12.44) Methyl chavicol and linalool were quantified in all tissue samples. The plasma concentrations of methyl chavicol differed (p < 0.05) at all evaluated times. Linalool decreased (p < 0.05) from 0 to 1 h and decreased again only after 12 h. Reduction percentages in 24 h were 92.9% for methyl chavicol, and 97.2% for linalool. Elimination of the compounds methyl chavicol and linalool is slower in the gills, where lower elimination constants (0.03 and 0.15 per h) and longer half-lives (25.84 and 4.53 h), respectively, are noted. In general, essential oil from O. basilicum compounds was readily eliminated, showing promising potential for use as an anesthetic in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlene Sobrinho Ventura
- Federal University of Grande Dourados, Faculty of Agrarian Sciences (FCA), Rodovia, Dourados/Itahum, Km 12, Unit II, Mailbox 364, Dourados, MS, 79804-970, Brazil.
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FAMEZ, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Sen. Filinto Müller, 2443, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil.
| | - Ruy Alberto Caetano Corrêa Filho
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FAMEZ, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Sen. Filinto Müller, 2443, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Claudia Andrea Lima Cardoso
- Center of Studies in Natural Resources, State University of Mato Grosso Do Sul (UEMS), Cidade Universitária de Dourados, Rodovia Dourados/Itahum, Km 12, S/N, Dourados, MS, 79804-970, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Rodrigues Stringhetta
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FAMEZ, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Sen. Filinto Müller, 2443, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Lucas de Oliveira Brasileiro
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FAMEZ, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Sen. Filinto Müller, 2443, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Silva Ribeiro
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FAMEZ, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Sen. Filinto Müller, 2443, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Scheila Anelise Pereira
- Aquaculture Department, AQUOS, Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina (CCA, UFSC), Rod. SC 404, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Tomas Jerônimo
- Aquaculture Department, AQUOS, Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina (CCA, UFSC), Rod. SC 404, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
- Federal University of Amazonas, UFAM, Av. Rodrigo Otávio, Manaus, AM, CEP, 620069080-900, Brazil
| | - Jayme Aparecido Povh
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FAMEZ, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Sen. Filinto Müller, 2443, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
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Mulugeta SM, Pluhár Z, Radácsi P. Phenotypic Variations and Bioactive Constituents among Selected Ocimum Species. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:64. [PMID: 38202372 PMCID: PMC10780635 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Basil (Ocimum species) represents an extraordinary group of aromatic plants that have gained considerable economic importance, primarily due to their essential oils, which have applications in medicine, culinary, and perfumery. The Ocimum genus encompasses more than 60 species of herbs and shrubs originally native to tropical regions. This genus stands out for its remarkable diversity, displaying a wide spectrum of variations in phenotype, chemical composition, and genetic makeup. In addition to genetic factors, the growth, development, and essential oil production of basil are also influenced by environmental conditions, ontogeny, and various other factors. Consequently, the primary objective of this study was to explore the diversity in both the morphological characteristics and essential oil composition among basil genotypes preserved within the gene bank of the Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences' Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. The investigation involved the assessment of fifteen basil genotypes, representing four distinct species: Ocimum basilicum (including 'Anise', 'Clove', 'Fino Verde', 'Licorice', 'Mammoth', 'Mrs. Burns', 'Thai tömzsi', 'Thai hosszú', and 'Vietnamese basil'), Ocimum sanctum (green holy basils), Ocimum citrodora (Lemon basil), and Ocimum gratissimum (African and Vana holy basil). The genotypes exhibited significant variations in their morphological growth, essential oil content (EOC), and composition. African basil produced more biomass (408.3 g/plant) and showed robust growth. The sweet basil cultivars clove, licorice, Thai tömzsi, and Thai hosszú also exhibited similar robust growth trends. Vietnamese basil, on the other hand, displayed the lowest fresh biomass of 82.0 g per plant. Both holy basils showed EOC levels below 0.5%, while Mrihani basil stood out with the highest EOC of 1.7%. The predominant constituents of the essential oil among these genotypes comprised estragole, thymol, methyl cinnamate, linalool, and eugenol. In conclusion, this study showed that the genotypes of basil stored in the department's gene bank exhibit a wide range of variability, both within and between species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sintayehu Musie Mulugeta
- Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Villányi út 29-43, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary (P.R.)
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Baković M, Perković L, Matijević G, Martić A, Vujović T, Ekić S, Fumić M, Jurić S, Čož-Rakovac R, Roje M, Jokić S, Jerković I. Bioprospecting of Five Ocimum sp. Cultivars from Croatia: New Potential for Dietary and Dermatological Application with Embryotoxicity Tests. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:981. [PMID: 37513893 PMCID: PMC10385215 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocimum basilicum L. is the most common Ocimum species, and it is used as an ornamental plant and in food condiments. This unique study examined the chemical composition and biological activities of six extracts from five basil cultivars, including their antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antilipidemic, neuroprotective, and anticollagenase activity. Moreover, their toxicological effects were studied using the zebrafish Danio rerio. Volatile components were determined using HS-SPME and GC-MS, while total polyphenols were detected using HPLC and the spectrophotometric Folin-Ciocalteu method. Spectrophotometric assays (DPPH, ABTS, ORAC, FRAP) were performed to determine antioxidant activity, collagenase inhibition, acetylcholinesterase inhibition, and pancreatic lipase inhibition. Antimicrobial activity was determined using the broth microdilution test. The study found that the biological activities of different basil cultivars varied depending on the proportion of active compounds, as determined by chemical analyses. All six basil extracts significantly inhibited α-amylase, while Purple basil extract most significantly inhibited the activity of collagenase, acetylcholinesterase, and pancreatic lipase. Purple basil and Dark Opal basil I extracts exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity, while the Dark Opal basil II extract had the most significant antioxidant potential. The findings in this study suggest that ethanolic basil extracts have the potential to be used as dietary drugs and implemented in antiaging products. This study is unique in its aims to compare the chemical composition and biological activities of basil cultivars from Croatia and to evaluate potential toxicological effects through embryotoxicity tests on zebrafish Danio rerio embryos, and it reports the first evidence of anticollagenase, antidiabetic, and antilipidemic activities for these cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Baković
- Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lucija Perković
- Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gabrijela Matijević
- Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Martić
- Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tamara Vujović
- Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sara Ekić
- Laboratory for Chiral Technologies, Division of Organic Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Monika Fumić
- Laboratory for Chiral Technologies, Division of Organic Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sara Jurić
- Laboratory for Chiral Technologies, Division of Organic Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Rozelindra Čož-Rakovac
- Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marin Roje
- Laboratory for Chiral Technologies, Division of Organic Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Stela Jokić
- Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Igor Jerković
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia
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Antimicrobial Applications of Green Synthesized Bimetallic Nanoparticles from Ocimum basilicum. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112457. [PMID: 36432648 PMCID: PMC9695082 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is an important and emerging alarm for public health that requires development of new potential antibacterial strategies. In recent years, nanoscale materials have emerged as an alternative way to fight pathogens. Many researchers have shown great interest in nanoparticles (NPs) using noble metals, such as silver, gold, and platinum, even though numerous nanomaterials have shown toxicity. To overcome the problem of toxicity, nanotechnology merged with green chemistry to synthesize nature-friendly nanoparticles from plants. Here, we describe the synthesis of NPs using silver (AgNPs) and platinum (PtNPs) alone or in combination (AgPtNPs) in the presence of Ocimum basilicum (O. basilicum) leaf extract. O. basilicum is a well-known medicinal plant with antibacterial compounds. A preliminary chemical-physical characterization of the extract was conducted. The size, shape and elemental analysis were carried out using UV-Visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed polydisperse NPs with spherical shape. The size of the particles was approximately 59 nm, confirmed by DLS analysis, and the polydisperse index was 0.159. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) demonstrated an effective and selective capping of the phytoconstituents on the NPs. The cytotoxic activities of AgNPs, PtNPs and AgPtNPs were assessed on different epithelial cell models, using the 3-[4.5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2.5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell proliferation assay, and discovered low toxicity, with a cell viability of 80%. The antibacterial potential of the NPs was evaluated against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), Klebsiella pneumonia (K. pneumoniae), and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) strains. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays showed AgPtNP activity till the least concentration of NPs (3.15-1.56 µg/mL) against ATCC, MS, and MDR E. coli, E. faecalis, and S. aureus and the Kirby-Bauer method showed that AgPtNPs gave a zone of inhibition for Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in a range of 9-25 mm. In addition, we obtained AgPtNP synergistic activity in combination with vancomycin or ampicillin antibiotics. Taken together, these results indicate that bimetallic nanoparticles, synthesized from O. basilicum leaf extract, could represent a natural, ecofriendly, cheap, and safe method to produce alternative antibacterial strategies with low cytotoxicity.
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Management of chromium(VI)-contaminated soils through synergistic application of vermicompost, chromate reducing rhizobacteria and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) reduced plant toxicity and improved yield attributes in Ocimum basilicum L. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:614. [PMID: 36088522 PMCID: PMC9464057 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03230-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
An integrated approach involving vermicompost, chromate reducing bacteria and AMF was tested to manage the toxic impacts of Cr(VI) on Ocimum basilicum as a model plant. Pot experiments were conducted on O. basilicum plants in an artificially Cr(VI)-contaminated soil in two phases of experiment as bioinoculants experiment and vermicompost experiment. In the first phase of the bioinoculants experiment the series of gradient concentrations of Cr(VI) (0, 25, 50 and 100 mg kg–1 in soil) were evaluated with previously isolated four efficient Cr(VI)-reducing rhizo-bacterial strains (Bacillus Cereus strain SUCR 44, BC; Microbacterium sp. strain SUCR 140, MB; Bacillus thuringiensis strain SUCR186, BT; and Bacillus subtilis strain SUCR188; BS) along with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus—Glomus fasciculatum (GF) in alone and in co-inoculation form. In the second experiment (vermicompost) the best performing strain (MB) was tested alone or in combination with GF along with different doses of vermicompost. It was observed that vermicompost by itself could be useful in decreasing the bioavailable Cr(VI), uptake of Cr besides improving the nutritional status of plants. The vermicompost also played an important and indirect role and improved herb yield by supporting the multiplication of MB (Microbacterium sp.), an efficient chromate reducing rhizobacteria, that further decreased the bioavailable and toxic form of Cr and improved population and colonization of GF too. The translocation of Cr(VI) was averted through improved colonization of GF, also prevented higher accumulation of Cr in aerial parts (leafy herb) of O. basilicum.
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Miladinović DL, Dimitrijević MV, Miladinović LC, Marković MS, Stojanović GS. Seasonal variation in the essential oil of Satureja kitaibelii determines chemotypes. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2022.2103596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marija S. Marković
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Gordana S. Stojanović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
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TURSUN AO. Impact of Soil Types on Chemical Composition of Essential Oil of Purple Basil. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:103314. [PMID: 36313387 PMCID: PMC9614565 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purple basil is among the most important basil varieties and its essential oil is used for several purposes including medicinal and aromatic uses. Soil types may impact the plant growth, development, and essential oil composition. Hence, it is important to find the most suitable soil type which may produce basil plants having essential oil with the best composition and concentration. For this reason, plant samples of purple basil that were grown in areas with clay, loamy sand, and sandy-clay loam soil types were collected and evaluated to determine the changes in the yield and essential oil components. Essential oil contents were determined with the Clevenger Device, and essential oil compositions were determined by using GC and GC/MS analysis. The highest essential oil yield according to soil types was obtained from the plant samples that were grown in the loamy sand soil. It was also found that the main compounds present in Arapgir town purple basil were methylcinnamate and linalool that was also present in all Turkish purple basil under all types of soil. According to the soil types, the highest concentration (46.03%) of methylcinnamate was observed in loamy sand soils, and the lowest (42.33%) was obtained from sandy-clay loam soils and found to be significantly different. Data regarding correlations between soil types and essential oil ratios showed that organic matter and P2O5 had a significant negative correlation with methylcinnamate. The present study will help researchers and farmers to choose the most suitable soil type to achieve maximum essential oil production from purple basil.
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Acheuk F, Basiouni S, Shehata AA, Dick K, Hajri H, Lasram S, Yilmaz M, Emekci M, Tsiamis G, Spona-Friedl M, May-Simera H, Eisenreich W, Ntougias S. Status and Prospects of Botanical Biopesticides in Europe and Mediterranean Countries. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020311. [PMID: 35204810 PMCID: PMC8869379 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Concerning human and environmental health, safe alternatives to synthetic pesticides are urgently needed. Many of the currently used synthetic pesticides are not authorized for application in organic agriculture. In addition, the developed resistances of various pests against classical pesticides necessitate the urgent demand for efficient and safe products with novel modes of action. Botanical pesticides are assumed to be effective against various crop pests, and they are easily biodegradable and available in high quantities and at a reasonable cost. Many of them may act by diverse yet unexplored mechanisms of action. It is therefore surprising that only few plant species have been developed for commercial usage as biopesticides. This article reviews the status of botanical pesticides, especially in Europe and Mediterranean countries, deepening their active principles and mechanisms of action. Moreover, some constraints and challenges in the development of novel biopesticides are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Acheuk
- Laboratory for Valorization and Conservation of Biological Resources, Faculty of Sciences, University M’Hamed Bougara of Boumerdes, Boumerdes 35000, Algeria;
| | - Shereen Basiouni
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt;
| | - Awad A. Shehata
- Research and Development Section, PerNaturam GmbH, 56290 Gödenroth, Germany;
| | - Katie Dick
- Hochschule Trier, Schneidershof, 54293 Trier, Germany;
| | - Haifa Hajri
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology of Plants, Borj-Cedria Biotechnology Center, BP. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia; (H.H.); (S.L.)
| | - Salma Lasram
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology of Plants, Borj-Cedria Biotechnology Center, BP. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia; (H.H.); (S.L.)
| | - Mete Yilmaz
- Department of Bioengineering, Bursa Technical University, Bursa 16310, Turkey;
| | - Mevlüt Emekci
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University, Keçiören, Ankara 06135, Turkey;
| | - George Tsiamis
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St, 30100 Agrinio, Greece;
| | - Marina Spona-Friedl
- Bavarian NMR Center, Structural Membrane Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching, Germany;
| | - Helen May-Simera
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Wolfgang Eisenreich
- Bavarian NMR Center, Structural Membrane Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching, Germany;
- Correspondence: (W.E.); (S.N.)
| | - Spyridon Ntougias
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Vas. Sofias 12, 67132 Xanthi, Greece
- Correspondence: (W.E.); (S.N.)
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Overview of Multiple Applications of Basil Species and Cultivars and the Effects of Production Environmental Parameters on Yields and Secondary Metabolites in Hydroponic Systems. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su132011332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), including other species and cultivars, is an excellent source of nutritional compounds, the accumulation of which can be stimulated by exogenous factors (environmental and nutritional conditions). Although best practices are relatively established for mature basil plants, microgreens production requires further research to optimize quality and quantity. The study objectives are (i) to provide an overview of the many uses of basil, (ii) collate and present common hydroponic systems available in the market, (iii) review effects of key production environment parameters on basil yields in hydroponic systems, and (iv) summarize the effects of the growth environments on yield quantity and quality of basil microgreens. The paper analyzes in detail key production parameters of basil microgreens in hydroponic systems, such as temperature, humidity, pH, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrient solutions, and the influence of light (quantity, quality, and photoperiods). The collated literature review has shown that basil, grown hydroponically, can tolerate high variations of environmental parameters: pH 5.1–8.5, temperature 15–24 °C, relative humidity 60–70%, electrical conductivity up to 1.2 mS cm−1, depending on the developmental stage, dissolved oxygen at 4 mg L−1 (optimally 6.5 mg L−1), and light intensity between 200 and 400 μmol m−2 s−1. The study has synthesized an overview of different production parameters to provide guidance on the optimization of environmental conditions to ensure the quantity and quality production of basil microgreens. Improving the quality of basil microgreens can ideally spur continued gastronomic interest in microgreens in general, which will encourage more entrepreneurs to grow basil and other microgreens. Hence, the study findings are a great resource to learn about the effects of different environments on basil microgreen production. This information can inform research for successful production of different species and cultivars of basil microgreens, and establishing testing protocols to improve the quantity and quality of the harvest.
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Essential oil characterization of Ocimum basilicum and Syzygium aromaticum free and complexed with β-cyclodextrin. Determination of its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antitumoral activities. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-021-01107-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Use of Essential Oils for the Control of Anthracnose Disease Caused by Colletotrichum acutatum on Post-Harvest Mangoes of Cat Hoa Loc Variety. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11090719. [PMID: 34564536 PMCID: PMC8470959 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11090719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum spp. makes heavy losses for post-harvest mangoes of Cat Hoa Loc variety during storage, packaging, and transportation. The synthetic fungicides are commonly used to control the disease, but they are not safe for consumers’ health and environment. This study was aimed to investigate the use of essential oils (EOs) as the safe alternative control. Pathogen was isolated from the infected Cat Hoa Loc mangoes and identified by morphology and DNA sequencing of the ITS region. Six EOs (cinnamon, basil, lemongrass, peppermint, coriander, and orange) were chemically analyzed by GC–MS. The antifungal activity of EOs was studied in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that the isolated pathogen was Colletotrichum acutatum. Cinnamon, basil, and lemongrass EOs effectively inhibited the growth of C. acutatum in descending order of cinnamon, basil, and lemongrass. However, they (except basil oil) severely damaged fruit peels. The antifungal activity was closely related to the main compounds of EOs. Basil EOs effectively controlled anthracnose development on Cat Hoa Loc mangoes artificially infected with C. acutatum, and its effectiveness was comparable to that of fungicide treatment. Consequently, basil EOs can be used as a biocide to control anthracnose on post-harvest Cat Hoa Loc mangoes.
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Khajuria AK, Manhas RK, Kumar H, Bisht NS. Ethnobotanical study of traditionally used medicinal plants of Pauri district of Uttarakhand, India. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 276:114204. [PMID: 34000367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants is important part of primary health care system in almost every society, especially the far-flung areas. These areas, one of the last storehouses of traditional knowledge are under the constant threat of losing this valuable information as it moves from one generation to another through word of mouth. Modernization, migration, education, and changing socio-economic status of people also affect the perpetuality of traditional knowledge. Therefore, time-to-time updation of information regarding the ethnomedicinal plants must be carried out so that any addition to the traditional knowledge is recorded and further phytochemical and pharmacological studies may be conducted for developing new drugs. AIM OF THE STUDY The study aimed at documenting the traditional knowledge and practices about the medicinal plants used by the inhabitants of Pauri district of Uttarakhand. Besides, the study strives to identify plants for future phytochemical and pharmacological studies. MATERIAL AND METHODS The information was collected through semi-structured questionnaire from 98 informants distributed in 15 villages of Pauri. The data was analyzed for use-reports (UR), frequency of citation (FC) and informant consensus factor (FIC). RESULTS In the present study, total 236 species belonging to 80 families and 188 genera were found to treat 82 ailments. Asteraceae (23 species), Rosaceae (16 species) and Lamiaceae (13 species) were the most represented families. Correlation and regression analysis between the local flora and present study reveals that Poaceae, Fabaceae, and Asteraceae were the main outlier species having more representatives in local flora than medicinally important species. Herbs (57.2%) were the most frequently used life forms, and leaves (24.5%) the most commonly utilized plant parts. All the plants were collected from the natural resources and none of them was under cultivation. Nearly 76% of the total drugs were administered orally. The informants divulged 1556 use-reports. The most utilized species based on frequency of citation were Urtica dioica L. (44), Bergenia ciliata Haworth (38), Viola canescens Wall. (38), Rhododendron arboretum Smith (32), and Ocimum tenuiflorum L. (30). All the disorders were grouped into 13 ailment categories based on ICPC-2 classification. The main ailment categories as per Informant Consensus Factor (FIC) were digestive (FIC, 0.83), urological (FIC, 0.83) and cardiovascular (FIC, 0.81) disorders. A comparative analysis between the present and other local and regional studies show that as many as 13 species were new record for the state of Uttarakhand. CONCLUSION The inhabitants of Pauri have good knowledge of medicinal plants. Although the therapeutic value of most of the preferred medicinal plants has already been validated, some medicinal plants lack proper scientific validation. We recommend further phytochemical investigations and pharmacological validations of Begonia picta Smith, Citrus pseudolimon Tanka, Cotoneaster rotundifolia Wall., Heracleum canescens Lindl., Parochetus communis Buch-Ham., Pittosporum napaulense DC., and Plantago erosa Wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Khajuria
- Department of Botany, HNB Garhwal University, Campus Pauri, Pauri Garhwal, 246001, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - R K Manhas
- Department of Botany, Government Degree College, Basohli, 184201, Jammu & Kashmir, India.
| | - Harish Kumar
- Department of Botany, HNB Garhwal University, Campus Pauri, Pauri Garhwal, 246001, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - N S Bisht
- Department of Botany, HNB Garhwal University, Campus Pauri, Pauri Garhwal, 246001, Uttarakhand, India.
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Volatile Organic Compounds of the Glandular Trichomes of Ocimum basilicum and Artifacts during the Distillation of the Leaves. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11167312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Focusing on volatile organic compounds (VOC) of Ocimum basilicum, this study aims to determine the chemical composition of VOC in secretory trichomes and compare it with that of essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of leaves. The technique of extracting the content of glandular trichomes refers to the microneedle shuttle analysis. Hydrodistillation of fresh leaves was done with a Clevenger distiller (EO). The chemical compositions were determined by GC/FID and GC/MS. The head of the capitate trichomes does not contain volatile compounds. Fifty volatile compounds were detected in the EO, and twenty-four volatile compounds were detected in the VOC; the main components were eugenol (from 15.47 ± 1.05% to 41.89 ± 2.83%) and linalool (from 32.05 ± 2.57% to 28.99 ± 2.32%), respectively. During the distillation of the basil leaves 26 artifacts are formed. The composition of the essential oil of O. basilicum therefore depends not only on the plant but also on the method used to obtain it.
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14
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Gurav TP, Dholakia BB, Giri AP. A glance at the chemodiversity of Ocimum species: Trends, implications, and strategies for the quality and yield improvement of essential oil. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2021; 21:879-913. [PMID: 34366748 PMCID: PMC8326315 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-021-09767-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Ocimum species represent commercially important medicinal and aromatic plants. The essential oil biosynthesized by Ocimum species is enriched with specialized metabolites specifically, terpenoids and phenylpropanoids. Interestingly, various Ocimum species are known to exhibit diverse chemical profiles, and this chemical diversity has been at the center of many studies to identify commercially important chemotypes. Here, we present various chemotypes from the Ocimum species and emphasize trends, implications, and strategies for the quality and yield improvement of essential oil. Globally, many Ocimum species have been analyzed for their essential oil composition in over 50 countries. Asia represents the highest number of chemotypes, followed by Africa, South America, and Europe. Ocimum basilicum L. has been the most widespread and well-studied species, followed by O. gratissimum L., O. tenuiflorum L., O. canum Sims, O. americanum and O. kilimandscharicum Gürke. Moreover, various molecular reasons, benefits, adverse health effects and mechanisms behind this vast chemodiversity have been discussed. Different strategies of plant breeding, metabolic engineering, transgenic, and tissue-culture, along with anatomical modifications, are surveyed to enhance specific chemotypic profiles and essential oil yield in numerous Ocimum species. Consequently, chemical characterization of the essential oil obtained from Ocimum species has become indispensable for its proper utilization. The present chemodiversity knowledge from Ocimum species will help to exploit various applications in the industrial, agriculture, biopharmaceutical, and food sectors. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11101-021-09767-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanuja P. Gurav
- Plant Molecular Biology Unit, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002 India
| | | | - Ashok P. Giri
- Plant Molecular Biology Unit, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002 India
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15
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Tangpao T, Krutmuang P, Kumpoun W, Jantrawut P, Pusadee T, Cheewangkoon R, Sommano SR, Chuttong B. Encapsulation of Basil Essential Oil by Paste Method and Combined Application with Mechanical Trap for Oriental Fruit Fly Control. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12070633. [PMID: 34357294 PMCID: PMC8303667 DOI: 10.3390/insects12070633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Essential oils of the Ocimum spp. comprised of the volatile phenylpropanoids known for the Oriental fruit fly attractant property. However, fully exposing the essential oils in the field limited their ability. Therefore, we proposed a cheap yet effective paste encapsulation technique combined with a plastic trap for controlling tropical fruit fly in tropical fruit orchard. Abstract In this work, the chemical compositions of basils oils, including those of lemon basil, white holy basil, Thai basil, tree basil and red holy basil, were analysed. Methyl eugenol was detected in all types of basils. The essential oils of red and white holy basils possessed a comparable ability (~25%) to attract male Oriental fruit fly to the synthesised fruit fly attractant in the laboratory experiment. To control the release of the active ingredients, the white holly basil oil (WBO) was encapsulated with maltodextrin (MD) and gum arabic (GA) by paste method. The essential oil is retained in the wall complex much longer with the addition of MD. The results also revealed that the combination of the MD:GA (25:75) had the highest loading efficiency of the oil (9.40%) as observed by the numerous porous structures by scanning electron microscopy. Fourier-transform infrared spectra of the encapsulated polymer confirmed traces of essential oil functional groups. The field test study advised that WBO-encapsulated products improved fruit fly attractive efficiency by maintaining the release rate of basil essential oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibet Tangpao
- Plant Bioactive Compound Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Patcharin Krutmuang
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.K.); (R.C.)
- Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Wilawan Kumpoun
- Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Pensak Jantrawut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Tonapha Pusadee
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.K.); (R.C.)
- Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sarana Rose Sommano
- Plant Bioactive Compound Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Correspondence: (S.R.S.); (B.C.)
| | - Bajaree Chuttong
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.K.); (R.C.)
- Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence: (S.R.S.); (B.C.)
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D’Alessandro A, Ballestrieri D, Strani L, Cocchi M, Durante C. Characterization of Basil Volatile Fraction and Study of Its Agronomic Variation by ASCA. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26133842. [PMID: 34202506 PMCID: PMC8270316 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Basil is a plant known worldwide for its culinary and health attributes. It counts more than a hundred and fifty species and many more chemo-types due to its easy cross-breeds. Each species and each chemo-type have a typical aroma pattern and selecting the proper one is crucial for the food industry. Twelve basil varieties have been studied over three years (2018–2020), as have four different cuts. To characterize the aroma profile, nine typical basil flavour molecules have been selected using a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry coupled with an olfactometer (GC–MS/O). The concentrations of the nine selected molecules were measured by an ultra-fast CG e-nose and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to detect possible differences among the samples. The PCA results highlighted differences between harvesting years, mainly for 2018, whereas no observable clusters were found concerning varieties and cuts, probably due to the combined effects of the investigated factors. For this reason, the ANOVA Simultaneous Component Analysis (ASCA) methodology was applied on a balanced a posteriori designed dataset. All the considered factors and interactions were statistically significant (p < 0.05) in explaining differences between the basil aroma profiles, with more relevant effects of variety and year.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lorenzo Strani
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (L.S.); (C.D.)
| | - Marina Cocchi
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (L.S.); (C.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-059-2058-554
| | - Caterina Durante
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (L.S.); (C.D.)
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17
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Patel M, Lee R, Merchant EV, Juliani HR, Simon JE, Tepper BJ. Descriptive aroma profiles of fresh sweet basil cultivars (Ocimum spp.): Relationship to volatile chemical composition. J Food Sci 2021; 86:3228-3239. [PMID: 34160060 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Few studies have linked sensory descriptions of the aroma profiles of fresh, sweet basil varieties with their volatile chemistry. Using a recently developed lexicon for fresh basil, a descriptive panel characterized the aroma profiles of seven basil varieties. Chemical analysis of fresh basil leaves was performed using GC-MS headspace analysis. Analysis of variance probed for differences in the sensory attributes among varieties and principal component analysis (PCA) related the sensory profiles to volatile chemical composition. Three commercial specialty basils, "Queenette Thai" (QT), "Sweet-Dani" (SD) lemon basil, and MC-9 (cinnamon basil) had strong anise, lemon, and cinnamon-like aromas, respectively. These basils were distinguished from breeding lines of traditional Italian sweet basils where SB-22, CB-1, and CB-39 exhibited strong anise-like aroma and SB-17 had strong "general spice" aromas, characteristic of a warm spice blend. The PCA accounted for 58.7% of the variation in the data and characterized the samples in two dimensions: general spice-citrus and cinnamon-like-anise. There was a strong correspondence between the sensory attributes and volatile chemical composition. SD associated with lemon aroma and citral content; QT, CB-1, and CB-39 associated with anise aroma and methyl chavicol; and MC-9 associated with the cinnamon-like aroma, methyl cinnamate. SB-17 and SB-22 associated with general spice aroma and were in close proximity to the spice-like volatiles, 1,8 cineole, and eugenol, associated with clove aroma. We constructed precise sensory/chemical profiles for fresh basil aroma that can be used to guide breeding programs for variety improvement to meet consumer expectations or market demand. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Sweet basil aroma is due to a complex array of several aromatic volatile compounds. The presence, concentration, and the particular ratios in which these aroma compounds accumulate significantly impact the sensory attributes. Understanding aroma profiles for fresh basil have practical applications in product development, procurement, food preparation, ethnic cuisine, and processing. Plant genetics and breeding of aroma profiles can be used and incorporated in plant improvement programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meera Patel
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.,Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Rachel Lee
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Emily V Merchant
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.,Center for Agricultural Food Ecosystems, The New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, 61 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - H Rodolfo Juliani
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jame E Simon
- Center for Sensory Science & Innovation, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.,New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.,Center for Agricultural Food Ecosystems, The New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, 61 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Beverly J Tepper
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.,Center for Sensory Science & Innovation, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
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18
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Effect of irrigation on the production and volatile compounds of sweet basil cultivars (Ocimum basilicum L.). HERBA POLONICA 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/hepo-2020-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Introduction: Irrigation plays an important role in the cultivation of medicinal plants. There is a lack of information on intraspecific variability of reactions to the effect of drought.
Objective: The aim of the current study was to test the effect of irrigation on four sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) cultivars (‘Genovese’, ‘Kasia’, ‘Keskenylevelű’, ‘Wala’).
Methods: In an open field experiment irrigated and non-irrigated treatments were set. Plants were harvested in full flowering stage. Before the harvest, the stomatal conductance and chlorophyll content were measured. The production-related parameters were recorded. In the plant material the glandular hair density, essential oil content and composition (GC-MS) and volatile composition (SPME-GC-MS) were identified.
Results: Stomatal conductance of the irrigated plants was 2.5–4.5 times higher than in the non-irrigated ones. The chlorophyll content showed only slight changes. The irrigation had a positive effect on the production. The leaf to stem ratio was not modified by the watering. Irrigation negatively influenced the glandular hair density and the EO content, however it increased the EO yield by 40–129%, depending on the cultivar. Significant compositional changes were registered only in the EO of cultivar ‘Kasia’ for linalool, 1,8-cineole and tau-cadinole ratios.
Conclusion: Irrigation increases the biomass and EO yield of basil while the composition of the EO is mostly unchanged. Only slight differences were observed among the cultivars.
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Muthulakshmi L, Vijayakumar T, Selvam P, Annaraj J, Ranjan S, Dasgupta N. Strong and nonspecific synergistic antibacterial/antibiofilm impact of nano-silver biosynthesized and decorated with active ingredients of Oscimum basilicum L. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:153. [PMID: 33747703 PMCID: PMC7930159 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02687-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, Ocimum basilicum (a proven broad spectrum medicinal plant for broad-spectrum pharmacological activities) leaf extract was used as conjugates for the fabrication of silver nanoparticles (AgNP). Color change of the reaction mixture and UV-Visible spectrophotometry indicated the fabrication of silver nanoparticles, further X-ray diffraction (XRD) crystallography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopic images (TEM), and Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) confirms the purity, monodispersity, and morphology including size (22.4 nm) and conjugated functional group of Ocimum basilicum. The conjugation of functional OH, N-O, and C=O groups was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The engineered AgNP have shown significantly efficient antibacterial and antibiofilm activities (92.7% biofilm inhibition) on diverse clinical strains and thus showed its potential for use in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmanan Muthulakshmi
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, 626 126 India
- Department of Materials Science, Madurai Kamaraj University, Palkalai Nagar, Madurai, Tamil Nadu 625 021 India
| | - T. Vijayakumar
- Department of Materials Science, Madurai Kamaraj University, Palkalai Nagar, Madurai, Tamil Nadu 625 021 India
| | - P. Selvam
- International Research Center, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, 626 126 India
| | - J. Annaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, 626 126 India
| | - Shivendu Ranjan
- Institute for Intelligent Systems, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, P. O. Box 524, Johannesburg, 2006 South Africa
| | - Nandita Dasgupta
- Institute for Intelligent Systems, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, P. O. Box 524, Johannesburg, 2006 South Africa
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20
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Heshami N, Mohammadali S, Komaki A, Tayebinia H, Karimi J, Abbasi Oshaghi E, Hashemnia M, Khodadadi I. Favorable effects of dill tablets and Ocimum basilicum L. extract on learning, memory, and hippocampal fatty acid composition in hypercholesterolemic rats. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 24:300-311. [PMID: 33995941 PMCID: PMC8087851 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2021.49013.11230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hypercholesterolemia is correlated with brain amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition and impaired cognitive functions and contributes to Alzheimer's disease. Effects of cholesterol-lowering dill tablets and aqueous extract of Ocimum basilicum L. (basil) on learning and memory and hippocampus fatty acid composition were examined. mRNA levels of the genes involved in cholesterol homeostasis were also determined in high-cholesterol diet (HCD) fed rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty male Wistar rats were allocated to 4 groups: rats fed chow diet (C); rats fed high-cholesterol (2%) diet (HCD); rats treated with HCD+300 mg/kg dill tablets (HCD+Dill); and finally, rats fed HCD and treated with 400 mg/kg basil aqueous extract (HCD+basil). Treatment was carried out for 16 weeks. Hippocampus Aβ(1-42) level was determined. Spatial and passive avoidance tests were used to examine cognitive functions. Hippocampal FA composition was assessed by gas chromatography. Basil aqueous extract was analyzed by GC-double mass spectroscopy (GC-MS/MS) and expression of LXR-α, LXR-β, and ABCA1 genes was assessed by qRT-PCR. RESULTS Dill tablets and basil extract remarkably ameliorated serum cholesterol (P<0.001), retarded hippocampal accumulation of Aβ, and attenuated HCD-induced memory impairment. Hippocampus FA composition did not change but serum cholesterol was found positively correlated with hippocampus Aβ(1-42) (P<0.001), total n 6 PUFA (P=0.013), and Aβ(1-42) showed correlation with the ratio of n6 to n3 PUFA. At least 70 components were identified in basil aqueous extract. CONCLUSION Dill tablets and aqueous extract of basil attenuated the hypercholesterolemia-induced memory impairment by lowering serum cholesterol and hippocampus amyloid deposits, and probably beneficial in AD adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Heshami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Soheila Mohammadali
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Heidar Tayebinia
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Jamshid Karimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Abbasi Oshaghi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashemnia
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Iraj Khodadadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Nutrition Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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21
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Ciriello M, Pannico A, El-Nakhel C, Formisano L, Cristofano F, Duri LG, Pizzolongo F, Romano R, De Pascale S, Colla G, Cardarelli M, Rouphael Y. Sweet Basil Functional Quality as Shaped by Genotype and Macronutrient Concentration Reciprocal Action. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E1786. [PMID: 33339286 PMCID: PMC7767113 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is among the most widespread aromatic plants due to its versatility of use and its beneficial health properties. This aromatic plant thrives in hydroponics, which is a valid tool to improve the production and functional quality of crops, but nevertheless, it offers the possibility to de-seasonalize production. A floating raft system was adopted to test the production and quality potential during autumn season of three different genotypes of Genovese basil (Aroma 2, Eleonora and Italiano Classico) grown in three nutrient solutions with crescent electrical conductivity (EC: 1, 2 and 3 dS m-1). The aromatic and phenolic profiles were determined by GC/MS and HPLC analysis, respectively. The combination Aroma 2 and the EC 2 dS m-1 resulted in the highest production, both in terms of fresh weight and dry biomass. The 2 dS m-1 treatment determined the major phenolic content, 44%, compared to the other two EC. Italiano Classico showed a higher total polyphenolic content in addition to a different aromatic profile compared to the other cultivars, characterized by a higher percentage of Eucalyptol (+37%) and Eugenol (+107%) and a lower percentage of linalool (-44%). Correct management of the nutritional solution combined with adequate genetic material managed an improvement in the production and the obtainment of the desired aromatic and phenolic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Ciriello
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (M.C.); (A.P.); (C.E.-N.); (L.F.); (F.C.); (L.G.D.); (F.P.); (R.R.); (S.D.P.)
| | - Antonio Pannico
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (M.C.); (A.P.); (C.E.-N.); (L.F.); (F.C.); (L.G.D.); (F.P.); (R.R.); (S.D.P.)
| | - Christophe El-Nakhel
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (M.C.); (A.P.); (C.E.-N.); (L.F.); (F.C.); (L.G.D.); (F.P.); (R.R.); (S.D.P.)
| | - Luigi Formisano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (M.C.); (A.P.); (C.E.-N.); (L.F.); (F.C.); (L.G.D.); (F.P.); (R.R.); (S.D.P.)
| | - Francesco Cristofano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (M.C.); (A.P.); (C.E.-N.); (L.F.); (F.C.); (L.G.D.); (F.P.); (R.R.); (S.D.P.)
| | - Luigi Giuseppe Duri
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (M.C.); (A.P.); (C.E.-N.); (L.F.); (F.C.); (L.G.D.); (F.P.); (R.R.); (S.D.P.)
| | - Fabiana Pizzolongo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (M.C.); (A.P.); (C.E.-N.); (L.F.); (F.C.); (L.G.D.); (F.P.); (R.R.); (S.D.P.)
| | - Raffaele Romano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (M.C.); (A.P.); (C.E.-N.); (L.F.); (F.C.); (L.G.D.); (F.P.); (R.R.); (S.D.P.)
| | - Stefania De Pascale
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (M.C.); (A.P.); (C.E.-N.); (L.F.); (F.C.); (L.G.D.); (F.P.); (R.R.); (S.D.P.)
| | - Giuseppe Colla
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy;
| | - Mariateresa Cardarelli
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e L’Analisi Dell’Economia Agraria, Centro di Ricerca Orticoltura e Florovivaismo, 84098 Pontecagnano Faiano, Italy
| | - Youssef Rouphael
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (M.C.); (A.P.); (C.E.-N.); (L.F.); (F.C.); (L.G.D.); (F.P.); (R.R.); (S.D.P.)
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Specific Controlling Essential Oil Composition of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Involving Low-Temperature, Low-Pressure Glow Plasma of Low Frequency. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12123332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The effect of watering basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) with water treated with low-pressure, low-temperature glow plasma of low frequency (LPGP) on growth habits and plant metabolites was tested. Watering with the LPGP treated water was beneficial for sprouting basil seeds. Watering with non-treated water was advantageous solely for the number of leaves per plant and mass of one leaf. Watering with the LPGP treated water in contact with the air (LPGPA), nitrogen (LPGPN), carbon dioxide (LPGPC), and methane (LPGPM) increased the total yield of collected essential oil by 40%, 60%, 20%, and 20%, respectively. Watering with water treated under molecular oxygen (LPGPO) decreased that yield by 12.5%. A diverse effect of particular kinds of the LPGP treated water upon the composition of isolated essential oil was also noted.
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23
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Shahrajabian MH, Sun W, Cheng Q. Chemical components and pharmacological benefits of Basil (Ocimum basilicum): a review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2020.1828456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenli Sun
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China; Global Alliance of HeBAU-CLS&HeQiS for BioAl-Manufacturing, Baoding, Hebei, China
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24
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Cruz LRO, Fernandes Â, Di Gioia F, Petropoulos SA, Polyzos N, Dias MI, Pinela J, Kostić M, Soković MD, Ferreira ICFR, Barros L. The Effect of Nitrogen Input on Chemical Profile and Bioactive Properties of Green- and Red-Colored Basil Cultivars. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020. [PMID: 33114065 DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10111824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, three red-colored (Dark Opal, Basilico Rosso, and Red Basil) and one green-colored landrace (Mitikas) of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) were grown under four nitrogen regimes, namely Control (no fertilizer added), 200 ppm, 400 ppm, and 600 ppm of nitrogen (N). Fresh yield varied depending on N input following a quadratic function in all four genotypes, and green basil performed better compared to the red cultivars. A significant interaction of genotype × N input was recorded for most of the chemical parameters measured. Tocopherols contents of leaves were consistently higher in plants that received 200 ppm of N and lower in those receiving 600 ppm of N, especially in Dark Opal and Red Basil cultivars. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were the major category of fatty acids and Red Basil had the lowest ratio of omega-6/omega 3 (0.29) and thus the best fatty acid profile. Polyphenols content was the highest in Red Basil and Dark Opal (25 mg/g of extract on average) and the lowest in Mitikas and decreased with increasing N input. Similarly, antioxidant activity was the highest in Dark Opal and Red Basil fertigated with 200 ppm of N, whereas all the leaf extracts tested had good antibacterial and antifungal activity. In conclusion, basil chemical and bioactive profile was significantly influenced by both genotype and N input. Red-colored basil, although less productive, had the best chemical profile, and moderate levels of N input may provide the best compromise between yield, nutritional value, and bioactivity for the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís R O Cruz
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto Superior Politécnico Jean Piaget de Benguela, Estrada Nacional 100 Lobito, Benguela 1393, Angola
| | - Ângela Fernandes
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Francesco Di Gioia
- Department of Plant Science, Pennsylvania State University, 207 Tyson Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Spyridon A Petropoulos
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou Street, N. Ionia, 38446 Magnissia, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Polyzos
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou Street, N. Ionia, 38446 Magnissia, Greece
| | - Maria Inês Dias
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - José Pinela
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Marina Kostić
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marina D Soković
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
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The Effect of Nitrogen Input on Chemical Profile and Bioactive Properties of Green- and Red-Colored Basil Cultivars. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111036. [PMID: 33114065 PMCID: PMC7690662 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, three red-colored (Dark Opal, Basilico Rosso, and Red Basil) and one green-colored landrace (Mitikas) of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) were grown under four nitrogen regimes, namely Control (no fertilizer added), 200 ppm, 400 ppm, and 600 ppm of nitrogen (N). Fresh yield varied depending on N input following a quadratic function in all four genotypes, and green basil performed better compared to the red cultivars. A significant interaction of genotype × N input was recorded for most of the chemical parameters measured. Tocopherols contents of leaves were consistently higher in plants that received 200 ppm of N and lower in those receiving 600 ppm of N, especially in Dark Opal and Red Basil cultivars. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were the major category of fatty acids and Red Basil had the lowest ratio of omega-6/omega 3 (0.29) and thus the best fatty acid profile. Polyphenols content was the highest in Red Basil and Dark Opal (25 mg/g of extract on average) and the lowest in Mitikas and decreased with increasing N input. Similarly, antioxidant activity was the highest in Dark Opal and Red Basil fertigated with 200 ppm of N, whereas all the leaf extracts tested had good antibacterial and antifungal activity. In conclusion, basil chemical and bioactive profile was significantly influenced by both genotype and N input. Red-colored basil, although less productive, had the best chemical profile, and moderate levels of N input may provide the best compromise between yield, nutritional value, and bioactivity for the species.
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26
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Mohammadali S, Heshami N, Komaki A, Tayebinia H, Abbasi Oshaghi E, Karimi J, Hashemnia M, Khodadadi I. Dill tablet and Ocimum basilicum aqueous extract: Promising therapeutic agents for improving cognitive deficit in hypercholesterolemic rats. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13485. [PMID: 33015851 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
High-cholesterol diet (HCD) is correlated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and impairment of memory. This study investigated beneficial therapeutic effects of Dill tablet and Ocimum basilicum (Basil) aqueous extract on hypercholesterolemia-induced cognitive deficits and oxidative stress in hippocampus tissues of rats. Hippocampal Aβ(1-42) level was measured. The gene expression levels of superoxide dismutase and inducible-nitric oxide synthase were determined in hippocampus. Cognitive functions were examined and oxidative status was evaluated in serum and hippocampus. Phytochemical properties and in vitro antioxidant activity of Basil extract were assessed. HCD significantly increased serum cholesterol, induced deposition of Aβ plaque, altered hippocampus morphology, and impaired memory function, whereas receiving Basil extract or Dill tablet increased antioxidant potency in serum and hippocampus and normalized HCD-induced deleterious effects. Basil extract and Dill tablet may exhibit their beneficial effects in AD by lowering serum cholesterol and evoking antioxidant system in the brain. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Dill tablet and Basil aqueous extract lowered serum cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic animal models, therefore, they can be used as hypocholesterolemic agents. These edible herbs significantly retarded deposition of Aβ plaque and normalized hippocampal morphology, thus, they favorably protected hippocampus tissue from deleterious effects-induced by hypercholesterolemia. Dill tablet and Basil aqueous extract also corrected oxide-redox balance and normalized HCD-induced oxidative stress to some extent and significantly improved impairments in learning and memory suggesting that these medicinal plants can be considered as surrogate therapeutic agents for the synthetic medicines in the treatment of AD and in postponement of its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Mohammadali
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Neda Heshami
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Heidar Tayebinia
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Abbasi Oshaghi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Jamshid Karimi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashemnia
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Iraj Khodadadi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Research Center for Nutrition Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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27
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Kalagatur NK, Gurunathan S, Kamasani JR, Gunti L, Kadirvelu K, Mohan CD, Rangappa S, Prasad R, Almeida F, Mudili V, Siddaiah C. Inhibitory effect of C. zeylanicum, C. longa, O. basilicum, Z. officinale, and C. martini essential oils on growth and ochratoxin A content of A. ochraceous and P. verrucosum in maize grains. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 27:e00490. [PMID: 32637345 PMCID: PMC7327888 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Essenetial oils (EOs) extrcated by hydrodistillation and chemical profile deduced by GC–MS. EOs shown potential antioxidant activity by DPPH and ABTS assay. EOs presented superlative antifungal activity against P. verrucosum related to A. ochraceus. C. zeylanicum and C. martini EOs presented superlative antifungal activity related to other EOs. C. zeylanicum EO inhibited the growth and OTA of fungi at 1500 μg/g in maize grains.
In the study, antifungal and ochratoxin A (OTA) production inhibitory activities of essential oils (EOs) of Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Curcuma longa, Ocimum basilicum, Zingiber officinale, and Cymbopogon martini were reported on Aspergillus ochraceus and Penicillium verrucosum. EOs were obtained by hydrodistillation and GC–MS technique was chosen to deduce their chemical profile. Major chemical compounds in EOs of C. zeylanicum, C. longa, O. basilicum, Z. officinale, and C. martini were (E)-cinnamaldehyde (35.81 %), ar-turmerone (46.13 %), eugenol (36.58 %), geranyl proprionate (18.93 %), and geranyl acetate (14.88 %), respectively. The EOs shown potent antioxidant activity by DPPH and ABTS assays. The EOs presented superlative antifungal activity against P. verrucosum related to A. ochraceus. The C. zeylanicum and C. martini EOs shown superlative antifungal activity related to other EOs. The C. zeylanicum and C. martini EOs completely inhibited the growth and OTA production of P. verrucosum and A. ochraceous at 1500 and 2500 μg/g in maize grains, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kumar Kalagatur
- DRDO-BU-Centre for Life Sciences, Bharathiar University Campus, Coimbatore, 641046, India
| | - Selvakumar Gurunathan
- Center for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641003, India
| | - Jalarama Reddy Kamasani
- Freeze Drying and Animal Products Technology, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysuru, 570011, India
| | - Lokanadhan Gunti
- Department of Microbiology, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, 605014, India
| | - Krishna Kadirvelu
- DRDO-BU-Centre for Life Sciences, Bharathiar University Campus, Coimbatore, 641046, India
| | | | - Shobith Rangappa
- Adichunchanagiri Institute for Molecular Medicine, Mandya, 571448, India
| | - Ram Prasad
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, 845401, India
| | - Fausto Almeida
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
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28
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Saudi Rosmarinus officinalis and Ocimum basilicum L. Polyphenols and Biological Activities. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8040446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigating the polyphenolic profile of natural Rosmarinus officinalis and Ocimum basilicum populations may reveal essential compounds that have biological activities. Natural populations of R. officinalis and O. basilicum in Northern Riyadh were investigated by HPLC-DAD analyses. Several polyphenols, including rosmarinic acid, gentisic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, rutoside, and others, out of 38 screened were confirmed. Rosmarinic acid was the major polyphenol in both of R. officinalis and O. basilicum. R. officinalis methanolic leaf extracts contained other phenols such as gentisic acid while O. basilicum contained also 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and rutoside as well as others. R. officinalis showed higher antioxidant activities than O. basilicum using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and β-carotene bleaching assays. These higher activities are associated with a higher composition of rosmarinic acid in leaf extracts. The antioxidant activities of O. basilicum were attributed to identified phenols of rosmarinic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, and rutoside. There were antiproliferative and cytotoxic activities of leaf extracts, as well as identified polyphenols, against several cancer cells. These activities were attributed to the accumulation of necrotic and apoptotic cells in treated cancer cells with leaf extracts as well as identified polyphenols. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of leaf extracts were mainly attributed to 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and rutoside in O. basilicum and rosmarinic acid and caffeic acid in R. officinalis. This study proved that R. officinalis and O. basilicum natural populations might be considered as promising sources of natural polyphenols with biological activities.
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Zhang N, Yao L. Anxiolytic Effect of Essential Oils and Their Constituents: A Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:13790-13808. [PMID: 31148444 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils are usually used in aromatherapy to alleviate anxiety symptoms. In comparison to traditional drugs, essential oils have fewer side effects and more diversified application ways, including inhalation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of studies on anxiolytic effects of essential oils in preclinical and clinical trials. Most of the essential oils used in clinical studies have been proven to be anxiolytic in animal models. Inhalation and oral administration were two common methods for essential oil administration in preclinical and clinical trials. Massage was only used in the clinical trials, while intraperitoneal injection was only used in the preclinical trails. In addition to essential oils that are commonly used in aromatherapy, essential oils from many folk medicinal plants have also been reported to be anxiolytic. More than 20 compounds derived from essential oils have shown an anxiolytic effect in rodents, while two-thirds of them are alcohols and terpenes. Monoamine neurotransmitters, amino acid neurotransmitters, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis are thought to play important roles in the anxiolytic effects of essential oils.
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Tavallali V, Kiani M, Hojati S. Iron nano-complexes and iron chelate improve biological activities of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 144:445-454. [PMID: 31645011 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) essential oil (EO) in response to different Fe sources (Fe-arginine, Fe-glycine, and Fe-histidine nano-complexes and Fe-EDDHA) were examined. EO samples were predominantly constituted by the phenylpropanoid methyl chavicol (53-89.5%). Application of Fe nano-complexes significantly increased the occurrence and concentration of sesquiterpenes, while decreased the content of oxygenated monoterpenes. Antioxidant activity of basil EOs was evaluated using free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, Nitric oxide, H2O2 and Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances scavenging assays, and in all assays the highest and the lowest activities were recorded in basils supplied with Fe-histidine nano-complex (1.02, 1.62, 2.21, 3.22 mg mL-1) and control (3.89, 4.89, 5.52, 6.79 mg mL-1), respectively. Fe-histidine nano-complex was the most effective treatment to inhibit fungal (C. albicans: 0.058 mg mL-1; A. niger: 0.066 mg mL-1), Gram-negative (E. coli: 0.181 mg mL-1; S. typhimurium: 0.163 mg mL-1) and Gram-positive (B. subtilis: 0.033 mg mL-1; S. aureus: 0.002 mg mL-1) growth. In conclusion, application of iron nano-complexes significantly altered biological and pharmacological characteristics of basil EOs. Our results are quite encouraging since EOs exhibited potent antioxidant effect and antimicrobial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Tavallali
- Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahmoud Kiani
- Faculty of Medicinal Plants, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies (AUSMT), Amol, Iran
| | - Shadi Hojati
- Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran
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Ahmed AF, Attia FA, Liu Z, Li C, Wei J, Kang W. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of essential oils and extracts of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) plants. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Pirtarighat S, Ghannadnia M, Baghshahi S. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Ocimum basilicum cultured under controlled conditions for bactericidal application. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 98:250-255. [PMID: 30813025 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.12.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Biological synthesis involves the reduction and stabilization of metal ions using different types of organisms. Plants are an attractive source for silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) synthesis because of their strong reducing potentials by production of a wide range of secondary metabolites. The present study describes the biosynthesis of Ag NPs using plant extract of Ocimum basilicum extract grown under in vitro condition for the first time. The surface Plasmon resonance found at 450 nm confirmed the formation of Ag NPs. FESEM images revealed relatively spherical- shaped of Ag NPs. The biosynthesized Ag NPs were crystalline in nature with mean diameter about 13.82 nm. FTIR results expounded the functional groups of plant extract responsible for the bio-reduction of silver ions and the interactions between them. The obtained nanoparticles showed good inhibitory activity against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. These results suggest that with changes in plant's culture condition it may be possible to obtain nanoparticles with desired characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Pirtarighat
- Department of Biotechnology, Imam Khomeini International University (IKIU), Qazvin, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Maryam Ghannadnia
- Department of Horticultural science, Imam Khomeini International University (IKIU), Qazvin, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Saeid Baghshahi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University (IKIU), Qazvin, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Wangrawa DW, Badolo A, Ilboudo Z, Guelbéogo WM, Kiendrébeogo M, Nébié RCH, Sagnon N, Sanon A. Insecticidal Activity of Local Plants Essential Oils Against Laboratory and Field Strains of Anopheles gambiae s. l. (Diptera: Culicidae) From Burkina Faso. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 111:2844-2853. [PMID: 30281085 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toy276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The emergence and intensification of resistance to insecticides in malaria vector populations is the main obstacle to insecticide-based control efforts. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the larvicidal and adulticidal properties of the essential oils (EOs) of Ocimum canum, Hyptis suaveolens, Hyptis spicigera, and Lantana camara on field-collected, pyrethroids-resistant mosquitoes, local laboratory strains, and susceptible 'Kisumu' strain of Anopheles gambiae (Meigen) (Diptera: Culicidae) populations. Larvae and adults of these mosquitoes were challenged against four EOs. The mortality rates of larvae and adults were assessed 24 h after exposure to the EOs. Species identifications and detection of the L1014F and L1014S kdr mutations and the 1575Y super-kdr mutation were carried out using polymerase chain reaction on the pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes from the field. EO compositions were analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Monoterpene hydrocarbons were the major components of H. suaveolens and H. spicigera EOs (49.8%) and (69.6%), respectively, whereas oxygenated monoterpenes (68.7%) were predominant in the O. canum EO. For L. camara, the component yields were variable, but it was the most effective EO against all strains. The LC50 values for the larvae were 7.73 and 25.63 ppm for the susceptible 'Kisumu' and resistant field strains, respectively. The LC50 for adults was 0.24% for the susceptible strain and 1.98% for the resistant strain. Molecular analysis confirmed the presence of L1014F and N1575Y mutations in resistant Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles coluzzii mosquitoes from the field. Our results highlighted the potential of the EOs of local plants as insecticides against resistant and susceptible strains of An. gambiae populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Wendgida Wangrawa
- Laboratoire d'Entomologie Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Ouaga I Pr Joseph, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Unité de Formation et de Recherches/Sciences et Technologies, Université Norbert ZONGO, Koudougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Athanase Badolo
- Laboratoire d'Entomologie Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Ouaga I Pr Joseph, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Zakaria Ilboudo
- Laboratoire d'Entomologie Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Ouaga I Pr Joseph, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | | | - Martin Kiendrébeogo
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Chimie Appliquée, Université Ouaga I Pr Joseph, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | | | - N'Falé Sagnon
- Centre National de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Antoine Sanon
- Laboratoire d'Entomologie Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Ouaga I Pr Joseph, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
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34
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Raina AP, Gupta V. Chemotypic characterization of diversity in essential oil composition of Ocimum species and varieties from India. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2018.1495109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Archana P. Raina
- Division of Germplasm Evaluation, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Veena Gupta
- Division of Germplasm Conservation, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
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Kröber T, Koussis K, Bourquin M, Tsitoura P, Konstantopoulou M, Awolola TS, Dani FR, Qiao H, Pelosi P, Iatrou K, Guerin PM. Odorant-binding protein-based identification of natural spatial repellents for the African malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 96:36-50. [PMID: 29656020 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing interest in the development of effective mosquito repellents of natural origin to reduce transmission of diseases such as malaria and yellow fever. To achieve this we have employed an in vitro competition assay involving odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) of the malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae, with a predominantly female expression bias to identify plant essential oils (EOs) containing bioactive compounds that target mosquito olfactory function. EOs and their fractions capable of binding to such OBPs displayed repellence against female mosquitoes in a laboratory repellent assay. Repellent EOs were subjected to gas chromatographic analysis linked to antennogram (EAG) recordings from female A. gambiae to identify the biologically active constituents. Among these compounds cumin alcohol, carvacrol, ethyl cinnamate and butyl cinnamate proved as effective as DEET at an equivalent dose in the repellent assay, and combinations of carvacrol with either butyl cinnamate or cumin alcohol proved to be significantly more effective than DEET in the assay. When tested as spatial repellents in experimental shelters housing sleeping humans in northern Nigeria a binary mixture of carvacrol plus cumin alcohol caused mosquitoes to leave shelters in significantly higher numbers to those induced by DEET in female Anopheles spp. and in numbers equivalent to that of DEET in Culex spp. mosquitoes. These findings indicate an approach for the identification of biologically active molecules of natural origin serving as repellents for mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kröber
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Neuchâtel, rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Konstantinos Koussis
- Insect Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Group, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece.
| | - Martine Bourquin
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Neuchâtel, rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Panagiota Tsitoura
- Insect Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Group, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece.
| | - Maria Konstantopoulou
- Laboratory of Chemical Ecology and Natural Products, Institute of Biosciences & Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece.
| | | | | | - Huili Qiao
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Paolo Pelosi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Kostas Iatrou
- Insect Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Group, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece.
| | - Patrick M Guerin
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Neuchâtel, rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
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Pyne RM, Honig JA, Vaiciunas J, Wyenandt CA, Simon JE. Population structure, genetic diversity and downy mildew resistance among Ocimum species germplasm. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:69. [PMID: 29685108 PMCID: PMC5914031 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1284-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The basil (Ocimum spp.) genus maintains a rich diversity of phenotypes and aromatic volatiles through natural and artificial outcrossing. Characterization of population structure and genetic diversity among a representative sample of this genus is severely lacking. Absence of such information has slowed breeding efforts and the development of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) with resistance to the worldwide downy mildew epidemic, caused by the obligate oomycete Peronospora belbahrii. In an effort to improve classification of relationships 20 EST-SSR markers with species-level transferability were developed and used to resolve relationships among a diverse panel of 180 Ocimum spp. accessions with varying response to downy mildew. RESULTS Results obtained from nested Bayesian model-based clustering, analysis of molecular variance and unweighted pair group method using arithmetic average (UPGMA) analyses were synergized to provide an updated phylogeny of the Ocimum genus. Three (major) and seven (sub) population (cluster) models were identified and well-supported (P < 0.001) by PhiPT (ΦPT) values of 0.433 and 0.344, respectively. Allelic frequency among clusters supported previously developed hypotheses of allopolyploid genome structure. Evidence of cryptic population structure was demonstrated for the k1 O. basilicum cluster suggesting prevalence of gene flow. UPGMA analysis provided best resolution for the 36-accession, DM resistant k3 cluster with consistently strong bootstrap support. Although the k3 cluster is a rich source of DM resistance introgression of resistance into the commercially important k1 accessions is impeded by reproductive barriers as demonstrated by multiple sterile F1 hybrids. The k2 cluster located between k1 and k3, represents a source of transferrable tolerance evidenced by fertile backcross progeny. The 90-accession k1 cluster was largely susceptible to downy mildew with accession 'MRI' representing the only source of DM resistance. CONCLUSIONS High levels of genetic diversity support the observed phenotypic diversity among Ocimum spp. accessions. EST-SSRs provided a robust evaluation of molecular diversity and can be used for additional studies to increase resolution of genetic relationships in the Ocimum genus. Elucidation of population structure and genetic relationships among Ocimum spp. germplasm provide the foundation for improved DM resistance breeding strategies and more rapid response to future disease outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M. Pyne
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Foran Hall, 59 Dudley Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA
| | - Josh A. Honig
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Foran Hall, 59 Dudley Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA
| | - Jennifer Vaiciunas
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Foran Hall, 59 Dudley Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA
| | - Christian A. Wyenandt
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Foran Hall, 59 Dudley Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA
| | - James E. Simon
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Foran Hall, 59 Dudley Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA
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Khumpirapang N, Pikulkaew S, Anuchapreeda S, Okonogi S. Anesthetic activity of plant essential oils on Cyprinus carpio (koi carp). Drug Discov Ther 2018; 12:21-30. [PMID: 29479046 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2017.01068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to investigate the anesthetic and cytotoxic effects of essential oils (EOs) of Ocimum basilicum (OBO), O. canum (OCO), and O. sanctum (OSO) on Cyprinus carpio (koi carp). For anesthetic effect, induction time to surgical anesthesia and recovery time were determined. For cytotoxicity effect, viability of fish peripheral blood nuclear cells (PBMCs) was investigated. Results indicated that increasing oil concentration caused significant (p < 0.01) decrease of induction time. OSO at 100, 200, and 300 mg/L gave the induction time of 169.5 ± 10.2, 62.8 ± 2.3, 45.3 ± 2.2 sec, respectively, significantly shorter than OCO, and OBO. The recovery time of anesthetized fish was dose dependent (p <0.01). Among them, OCO showed the longest recovery time of 313.0 ± 8.1, 420.7 ± 12.6, 616.6 ± 12.1 sec for concentrations of 100, 200, and 300 mg/L, respectively, followed by OSO and OBO, respectively. Within 10 min contact time of the EOs and fish PBMCs, the fish PBMC viability was higher than 80%. Increase contact time and EO concentration caused an increase in cytotoxicity to fish PBMC. OBO showed less toxic than OSO and OCO. Based on the desired induction and recovery times for anesthetizing koi carp, OBO, OCO, and OSO at 300, 200, and 100 mg/L, respectively were suggested to be the most suitable. It was concluded that OBO, OCO, and OSO can be used as natural anesthetics for fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattakanwadee Khumpirapang
- Interdisciplinary Program in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Graduate School, Chiang Mai University.,Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Chiang Mai University
| | - Surachai Pikulkaew
- Department of Food Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University
| | - Songyot Anuchapreeda
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University
| | - Siriporn Okonogi
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Chiang Mai University.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University
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Raina AP, Misra RC. Chemo-divergence in essential oil composition among germplasm collection of fiveOcimumspecies from eastern coastal plains of India. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2017.1371087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Archana P. Raina
- Division of Germplasm Evaluation, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - R. C. Misra
- Regional Station ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Cuttack, India
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Ghimire BK, Yoo JH, Yu CY, Chung IM. GC-MS analysis of volatile compounds of Perilla frutescens Britton var. Japonica accessions: Morphological and seasonal variability. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2017; 10:643-651. [PMID: 28870340 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the composition of volatile compounds in the different accessions of Perilla frutescens (P. frutescens) collected from various habitats of China and Japan. METHODS In the present study, the essential oil from the leaves of P. frutescens cultivars from China and Japan was extracted by hydro-distillation and the chemical composition and concentration of the volatile components present in the oils were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. RESULTS Among the volatile components, the major proportion was of perilla ketone, which was followed by elemicin and beta-caryophyllene in the Chinese Perilla cultivars. The main component in the oil extracted from the Japanese accessions was myristicin, which was followed by perilla ketone and beta-caryophyllene. We could distinguish seven chemotypes, namely the perilla ketone (PK) type, perilla ketone, myristicin (PM) type, perilla ketone, unknown (PU) type, perilla ketone, beta-caryophyllene, myristicine (PB) type, perilla ketone, myristicin, unknown (PMU) type, perilla ketone, elemicine, myristicin, beta-caryophyllene (PEMB) type, and the perilla ketone, limonene, beta-cryophyllene, myristicin (L) type. Most of the accessions possessed higher essential oil content before the flowering time than at the flowering stage. The average plant height, leaf length, leaf width of the Chinese accessions was higher than those of the Japanese accessions. CONCLUSION The results revealed that the harvest time and geographical origin caused polymorphisms in the essential oil composition and morphological traits in the Perilla accessions originating from China and Japan. Therefore, these chemotypes with desirable characters might be useful for industrial exploitation and for determining the harvest time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimal Kumar Ghimire
- Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Ji Hye Yoo
- Bioherb Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Chang Yeon Yu
- Bioherb Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Ill-Min Chung
- Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, South Korea.
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40
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Moghaddam M, Farhadi N, Ranjbar M. Variability in essential oil content and composition of Ocimum ciliatum accessions from Iran: evidence for three chemotypes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2017.1352599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Moghaddam
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nasrin Farhadi
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Ranjbar
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
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Chowdhury T, Mandal A, Roy SC, De Sarker D. Diversity of the genus Ocimum (Lamiaceae) through morpho-molecular (RAPD) and chemical (GC-MS) analysis. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2017; 15:275-286. [PMID: 30647664 PMCID: PMC6296643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
In this present study, we have described the diversity of nine Ocimum genotypes naturally grown in the Dakshin Dinajpur district of West Bengal, India. Their diversity was determined on the basis of morphological, chemical and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) to determine the level of variation present in the genus Ocimum. Among nine Ocimum genotypes six (O. americanum, O. × africanum, O. basilicum, O. gratissimum, O. kilimandscharicum and O. tenuiflorum) are found to be different Ocimum species and the rest are as varieties. A total of 18 qualitative and 17 quantitative morphological traits and chemical compositions were evaluated. Significant variations were observed in the morphological traits except O. × africanum and O. basilicum species. Cluster generated from the morphological data showed two different groups viz. basilicum group and sanctum group. Chemical analysis did not show much variation between morphologically similar species viz. O. × africanum and O. basilicum. However, RAPD analyses clearly showed that O. × africanum and O. basilicum are different species. Thus the combined analyses of morphological traits, chemical and molecular markers represent the best possible approach to confirm taxonomic delineation. Moreover, we are reporting O. × africanum for the first time from this region as well as from West Bengal, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmay Chowdhury
- Cytogenetics & Plant Breeding Section, Department of Sericulture, Raiganj University, Raiganj, Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal PIN 733 134, India
| | - Amitava Mandal
- Molecular Complexity Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Raiganj University, Raiganj, Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal PIN 733 134, India
| | - Subhas Chandra Roy
- Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, Darjeeling, West Bengal PIN 734 013, India
| | - Dilip De Sarker
- Department of Botany, Raiganj College (University College), Raiganj, Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal PIN 733 134, India
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Guo X, Cui M, Deng M, Liu X, Huang X, Zhang X, Luo L. Molecular differentiation of five Cinnamomum camphora chemotypes using desorption atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry of raw leaves. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46579. [PMID: 28425482 PMCID: PMC5397862 DOI: 10.1038/srep46579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Five chemotypes, the isoborneol-type, camphora-type, cineole-type, linalool-type and borneol-type of Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl have been identified at the molecular level based on the multivariate analysis of mass spectral fingerprints recorded from a total of 750 raw leaf samples (i.e., 150 leaves equally collected for each chemotype) using desorption atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (DAPCI-MS). Both volatile and semi-volatile metabolites of the fresh leaves of C. camphora were simultaneously detected by DAPCI-MS without any sample pretreatment, reducing the analysis time from half a day using conventional methods (e.g., GC-MS) down to 30 s. The pattern recognition results obtained using principal component analysis (PCA) was cross-checked by cluster analysis (CA), showing that the difference visualized by the DAPCI-MS spectral fingerprints was validated with 100% accuracy. The study demonstrates that DAPCI-MS meets the challenging requirements for accurate differentiation of all the five chemotypes of C. camphora leaves, motivating more advanced application of DAPCI-MS in plant science and forestry studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiali Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Meng Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Min Deng
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Xingxing Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Xueyong Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Xinglei Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China Institute of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China
| | - Liping Luo
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
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43
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Adamczyk-Szabela D, Romanowska-Duda Z, Lisowska K, Wolf WM. Heavy Metal Uptake by Herbs. V. Metal Accumulation and Physiological Effects Induced by Thiuram in Ocimum basilicum L. WATER, AIR, AND SOIL POLLUTION 2017; 228:334. [PMID: 28867849 PMCID: PMC5561165 DOI: 10.1007/s11270-017-3508-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is extensively cultivated as either an important spice and food additive or a source of essential oil crucial for the production of natural phenylpropanoids and terpenoids. It is frequently attacked by fungal diseases. The aim of the study was to estimate the impact of thiuram contact time on the uptake of manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium, and lead by Ocimum basilicum L. The relevant plant physiological parameters were also investigated. Two farmland soils typical for the Polish rural environment were used. Studies involved soil analyses, bioavailable, and total forms for all investigated metals, chlorophyll content, and gas exchange. Atomic absorption spectrometry was used to determine concentration of all elements. Analysis of variance proved hypothesis that thiuram treatment of basil significantly influences metal transfer from soil and their concentration in roots and aboveground parts. This effect is mostly visible on the 14th day after the fungicide administration. Thiuram modifies mycoflora in the rhizosphere zone and subsequently affects either metal uptake from the soil environment or their further migration within the basil plant. Notable, those changes are more evident for basil planted in mineral soil as compared to organic soil with higher buffering capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Adamczyk-Szabela
- Lodz University of Technology, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Zdzisława Romanowska-Duda
- University of Lodz, Laboratory of Plants Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Lisowska
- Lodz University of Technology, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Wojciech M. Wolf
- Lodz University of Technology, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
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Sharopov FS, Satyal P, Ali NAA, Pokharel S, Zhang H, Wink M, Kukaniev MA, Setzer WN. The Essential Oil Compositions of Ocimum basilicum from Three Different Regions: Nepal, Tajikistan, and Yemen. Chem Biodivers 2016; 13:241-8. [PMID: 26880438 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201500108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The aerial parts of Ocimum basilicum L. were collected from four different geographical locations, Sindhuli and Biratnagar (Nepal), Chormaghzak village (Tajikistan), and Sana'a (Yemen). The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. A cluster analysis of 179 essential oil compositions revealed six major chemotypes: Linalool, eugenol, estragole, methyl eugenol, 1,8-cineole, and geraniol. All four of the basil oils in this study were of the linalool-rich variety. Some of the basil oils were screened for bioactivity including antimicrobial, cytotoxicity in human cancer cells, brine shrimp lethality, nematicidal, larvicidal, insecticidal, and antioxidant. The basil oils in this study were not notably antibacterial, cytotoxic, antioxidant, nor nematicidal, but were active in the brine shrimp lethality test, and did show larvicidal and insecticidal activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farukh S Sharopov
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, DE-69120 Heidelberg.
| | - Prabodh Satyal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA, (phone: +1-256-824-6519; fax: +1-256-824-6519)
| | - Nasser A Awadh Ali
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sana'a University, P.O. Box 13150, Sana'a, Yemen. .,Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Clinical Pharmacy, Albaha University, Al Baha, KSA.
| | - Suraj Pokharel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA, (phone: +1-256-824-6519; fax: +1-256-824-6519)
| | - Hanjing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA, (phone: +1-256-824-6519; fax: +1-256-824-6519)
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, DE-69120 Heidelberg
| | - Muhammadsho A Kukaniev
- V. I. Nikitin Institute of Chemistry, Tajik Academy of Sciences, Ainy St. 299/2, Dushanbe, 734063, Tajikistan
| | - William N Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA, (phone: +1-256-824-6519; fax: +1-256-824-6519).
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CHEMOTYPIC Variation in Volatiles and Herbivory for Sagebrush. J Chem Ecol 2016; 42:829-840. [DOI: 10.1007/s10886-016-0741-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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46
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Anti-inflammatory and antiedematogenic activity of the Ocimum basilicum essential oil and its main compound estragole: In vivo mouse models. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 257:14-25. [PMID: 27474066 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The genus Ocimum are used in cooking, however, their essential oils are utilized in traditional medicine as aromatherapy. The present study was carried out to investigate the chemical composition and systemic anti-inflammatory activity of the Ocimum basilicum essential oil (EOOB) and its major component estragole, as well as its possible mechanisms of action. The Ocimum basilicum essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS. The anti-inflammatory action was verified using acute and chronic in vivo tests as paw edema, peritonitis, and vascular permeability and granulomatous inflammation model. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of action was analyzed by the participation of histamine and arachidonic acid pathways. The chemical profile analysis identified fourteen components present in the essential oil, within them: estragole (60.96%). The in vivo test results show that treatment with EOOB (100 and 50 mg/kg) and estragole (60 and 30 mg/kg) significantly reduced paw edema induced by carrageenan and dextran. The smallest doses of EOOB (50 mg/kg) and estragole (30 mg/kg) showed efficacy in the reduction of paw edema induced by histamine and arachidonic acid, vascular permeability inhibition and leukocyte emigration in the peritoneal fluid. Theses doses were capable of reducing the chronic inflammatory process. The results observed between the EOOB and estragole demonstrate efficacy in anti-inflammatory activity, however, the essential oil is more efficacious in the acute and chronic anti-inflammatory action. This study confirms the therapeutic potential of this plant and reinforces the validity of its use in popular medicine.
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Issaoui M, Flamini G, Souid S, Bendini A, Barbieri S, Gharbi I, Toschi TG, Cioni PL, Hammami M. How the Addition of Spices and Herbs to Virgin Olive Oil to Produce Flavored Oils Affects Consumer Acceptance. Nat Prod Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1601100619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
With the aim to expand the olive oil market to a larger number of consumers who are not familiar with the sensory characteristics of virgin olive oil, the use of novel products known as “flavored olive oils”, obtained by adding different kind of spices and aromatic herbs, is spreading in many countries. In order to test consumer acceptability of this type of product, in a country (Tunisia) in which virgin olive oil is regularly consumed, flavored olive oils were prepared by adding aromatic extracts of thyme, oregano, a mix of herbs (used as pizza seasoning), rosemary, and basil to a monovarietal Chemlali virgin olive oil and a consumer test on 206 subjects was performed. Selected quality parameters (free acidity, peroxide number, oxidative stability, specific absorption at K232 nm and K270 nm) were also measured and no significant variations were detected. Slight differences were found concerning the content of minor compounds (chlorophylls, carotenoids and total phenols). On the other hand, notable differences were seen in the profiles of volatile compounds, which appeared to be responsible for the observed variability in consumer acceptance. Although the unflavored oil was more appreciated than the flavored ones, among the latter, thyme flavored olive oil was the most appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Issaoui
- Lab-NAFS ‘Nutrition-Functional Food & Vascular Health’,Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculty of Science and Technology of Sidi Bouzid, University of Kairouan, 9100 Sidi Bouzid, Tunisia
| | - Guido Flamini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sondess Souid
- Lab-NAFS ‘Nutrition-Functional Food & Vascular Health’,Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Alessandra Bendini
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DiSTAL), University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena (FC), Italy
| | - Sara Barbieri
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DiSTAL), University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena (FC), Italy
| | - Ines Gharbi
- Lab-NAFS ‘Nutrition-Functional Food & Vascular Health’,Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Tullia Gallina Toschi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DiSTAL), University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena (FC), Italy
| | | | - Mohamed Hammami
- Lab-NAFS ‘Nutrition-Functional Food & Vascular Health’,Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
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Filip S, Vidović S, Vladić J, Pavlić B, Adamović D, Zeković Z. Chemical composition and antioxidant properties of Ocimum basilicum L. extracts obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction: Drug exhausting method. J Supercrit Fluids 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chenni M, El Abed D, Rakotomanomana N, Fernandez X, Chemat F. Comparative Study of Essential Oils Extracted from Egyptian Basil Leaves (Ocimum basilicum L.) Using Hydro-Distillation and Solvent-Free Microwave Extraction. Molecules 2016; 21:E113. [PMID: 26797599 PMCID: PMC6273689 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21010113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME) and conventional hydro-distillation (HD) were used for the extraction of essential oils (EOs) from Egyptian sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) leaves. The two resulting EOs were compared with regards to their chemical composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities. The EO analyzed by GC and GC-MS, presented 65 compounds constituting 99.3% and 99.0% of the total oils obtained by SFME and HD, respectively. The main components of both oils were linalool (43.5% SFME; 48.4% HD), followed by methyl chavicol (13.3% SFME; 14.3% HD) and 1,8-cineole (6.8% SFME; 7.3% HD). Their antioxidant activity were studied with the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) radical scavenging method. The heating conditions effect was evaluated by the determination of the Total Polar Materials (TPM) content. The antimicrobial activity was investigated against five microorganisms: two Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, two Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and one yeast, Candida albicans. Both EOs showed high antimicrobial, but weak antioxidant, activities. The results indicated that the SFME method may be a better alternative for the extraction of EO from O. basilicum since it could be considered as providing a richer source of natural antioxidants, as well as strong antimicrobial agents for food preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Chenni
- Laboratoire de Chimie Fine, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences Exactes et Appliquées, Université d'Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, B.P. 1524, El M'Naouer, Oran 31000, Algeria.
| | - Douniazad El Abed
- Laboratoire de Chimie Fine, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences Exactes et Appliquées, Université d'Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, B.P. 1524, El M'Naouer, Oran 31000, Algeria.
| | - Njara Rakotomanomana
- GREEN Extraction Team, INRA, UMR 408, Université d'Avignon et des Pays du Vaucluse, Avignon 84000, France.
| | - Xavier Fernandez
- Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR 7272, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis/CNRS, Parc Valrose, Nice 06108, France.
| | - Farid Chemat
- GREEN Extraction Team, INRA, UMR 408, Université d'Avignon et des Pays du Vaucluse, Avignon 84000, France.
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50
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Guarino S, Colazza S, Peri E, Bue PL, Germanà MP, Kuznetsova T, Gindin G, Soroker V. Behaviour-modifying compounds for management of the red palm weevil (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Oliver). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2015; 71:1605-1610. [PMID: 25523649 DOI: 10.1002/ps.3966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Populations of red palm weevil (RPW), a severe pest of palms in Mediterranean countries, might be limited by semiochemical-based behaviour-disrupting methods. We evaluated the effects of electroantennogram (EAG)-active plant volatiles on the behaviour of RPWs from Italy and Israel. In field experiments, α-pinene, citronellol, geraniol, citral and 1-octen-3-ol were tested for their ability to disrupt attraction to pheromone-kairomone and molasses baited traps. Those that were found to be disruptive in the field were evaluated in a laboratory choice bioassay in individual cages for their effect on RPW female feeding and oviposition. RESULTS Field experiments showed reduced captures in traps loaded with geraniol (-57%), 1-octen-3-ol (-50%) or α-pinene (-45% to -60%); captures in citronellol- or citral-loaded traps did not differ from control. In laboratory experiments, 1-octen-3-ol was the most potent behaviour-modifying compound, eliciting a significant/marginally significant reduction in both feeding and oviposition at the lowest dose tested in both populations. Geraniol generally caused a strong reduction in feeding and oviposition at each dose tested (Israel), or at the highest dose (Italy). α-Pinene caused some reduction in feeding activity at the highest dose tested (Italy), but no consistent repellency (Israel). CONCLUSION Field and laboratory data suggest the potential for the use of 1-octen-3-ol, geraniol and α-pinene for RPW population management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Guarino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (IPSP), Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefano Colazza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ezio Peri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paolo Lo Bue
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Germanà
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Galina Gindin
- Volcani Centre, Agricultural Research Organisation, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Victoria Soroker
- Volcani Centre, Agricultural Research Organisation, Bet Dagan, Israel
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