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Xu H, Zhang H, Qin C, Li X, Xu D, Zhao Y. Groundwater Cr(VI) contamination and remediation: A review from 1999 to 2022. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 360:142395. [PMID: 38797207 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) contamination of groundwater has traditionally been an environmental issue of great concern due to its bioaccumulative and highly toxic nature. This paper presents a review and bibliometric analysis of the literature on the interest area "Cr(VI) in groundwater" published in the Web of Science Core Collection from 1999 to 2022. First, information on 203 actual Cr(VI)-contaminated groundwater sites around the world was summarized, and the basic characteristics of the sources and concentrations of contamination were derived. 68.95% of the sites were due to human causes and 56.43% of these sites had Cr(VI) concentrations in the range of 0-10 mg/L. At groundwater sites with high Cr(VI) contamination due to natural causes, 75.00% of the sites had Cr(VI) concentrations less than 0.2 mg/L. A total of 936 papers on "Cr(VI) in groundwater" were retrieved for bibliometric analysis: interest in research on Cr(VI) in groundwater has grown rapidly in recent years; 59.4% of the papers were published in the field of environmental sciences. A systematic review of the progress of studies on the Cr(VI) removal/remediation based on reduction, adsorption and biological processes is presented. Out of 666 papers on Cr(VI) removal/remediation, 512, 274, and 75 papers dealt with the topics of reduction, adsorption, and bioremediation, respectively. In addition, several studies have demonstrated the potential applicability of natural attenuation in the remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated groundwater. This paper will help researchers to understand and investigate methodological strategies to remove Cr(VI) from groundwater in a more targeted and effective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Chuanyu Qin
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Fang Y, Yang K, Zhang Y, Peng C, Robledo-Cabrera A, López-Valdivieso A. Highly surface activated carbon to remove Cr(VI) from aqueous solution with adsorbent recycling. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 197:111151. [PMID: 33844973 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To enhance the inferior removal capability of aqueous Cr(VI) by commercial activated carbon under neutral conditions. The emerging ball milling technology was employed and the removal efficiency of Cr(VI) by ball-milled highly activated carbon (HAC) increased from 68.3% to 99.0% under pH 6 and from 42.7% to 77.8% under pH 7 compared to pristine activated carbon (AC), respectively. Raman spectra and Boehm's titration results signified that the enhanced Cr(VI) removal performance of HAC under neutral conditions was associated with the enriched surface acid functional groups, in which the content of COOH groups increased from 0.31 mmol/g to 0.97 mmol/g. Two Cr(VI) removal mechanisms were proposed established on the acid and alkalic solution washed chromium-loaded HAC, involving the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) subsequently accompany with the formation of chromium hydroxides on the surface and inside the pores of HAC, and the bonding of CrO42- on the surface COOH groups, as confirmed by SEM-EDX element mapping and specific surface area and porosity measurements. The Pseudo-second order model and Freundlich model fitted the adsorption kinetic and isotherm of AC and HAC well severally, suggesting that the specific interaction of Cr(VI) with the HAC surface and the Cr(VI) removal was multi-layer adsorption. Thermodynamic study exhibited the spontaneity of Cr(VI) removal on ball-milled HAC was increased. Reusability and regeneration studies of HAC denoted the potential application on Cr(VI) uptake under neutral conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fang
- Instituto de Metalurgia, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, C.P, 78210, Mexico.
| | - Ke Yang
- Instituto de Metalurgia, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, C.P, 78210, Mexico.
| | - Yipeng Zhang
- Instituto de Metalurgia, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, C.P, 78210, Mexico.
| | - Changsheng Peng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing Univerity, Zhaoqing, 526061, China.
| | - Aurora Robledo-Cabrera
- Instituto de Metalurgia, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, C.P, 78210, Mexico.
| | - Alejandro López-Valdivieso
- Instituto de Metalurgia, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, C.P, 78210, Mexico.
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Wu J, Yan M, Lv S, Yin W, Bu H, Liu L, Li P, Deng H, Zheng X. Preparation of highly dispersive and antioxidative nano zero-valent iron for the removal of hexavalent chromium. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 262:127733. [PMID: 32763574 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was employed to stabilize zero-valent iron nanoparticles (CMC-nFe0) to improve their dispersity and antioxidation for enhanced hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) removal. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation revealed that the nFe0 agglomerated in clusters, while the CMC-nFe0 connected as chains and presented higher dispersity. Therefore, compared with 54% of the nFe0, the Cr(VI) removal rate of the CMC-nFe0 increased by 0.8 time, reaching 97%. Besides, the nFe0 precipitated in 1 d and was obviously oxidized within 7 d under anoxic condition, leading to a rapid decease of Cr(VI) removal efficiency from 54% to 3% in 56 d. In contrast, the CMC-nFe0 showed no obvious subsidence and oxidized phenomenon within 14 d, which retained a relatively high Cr(VI) removal efficiency of 63% in 56 d, contributing to effective blockage of dissolved oxygen infiltrating from solution to nFe0 particles in presence of CMC. After reaction, the valence state distribution of Cr between solution and material surface indicated that Cr(VI) reduction was dominant comparing to physical adsorption to particles in the remediation process conducted by CMC-nFe0. In addition, lower initial pH and higher iron dosage facilitated Cr(VI) removal. Those results indicated that the dispersive and antioxidative characteristics of CMC-nFe0 were significantly superior to those of nFe0, and CMC stabilization thereafter can be a promising method to promote Cr(VI) elimination by nFe0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Wu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Mingjia Yan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Sihao Lv
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Weizhao Yin
- School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Huaitian Bu
- SINTEF Industry, Department of Materials and Nanotechnology, Forskningsveien 1, 0373, Oslo, Norway
| | - Li Liu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ping Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hong Deng
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiangyu Zheng
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Eco-Remediation of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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Simultaneous extraction of chromium and cadmium from bean samples by SrFe12O19@CTAB magnetic nanoparticles and determination by ETAAS: An experimental design methodology. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Yurderi M, Bulut A, Kanberoglu GS, Kaya M, Kanbur Y, Zahmakiran M. Ruthenium Nanoparticles Supported on Reduced Graphene Oxide: Efficient Catalyst for the Catalytic Reduction of Cr(VI) in the Presence of Amine‐Boranes. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202001380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Yurderi
- Nanomaterials and Catalysis Research GroupDepartment of ChemistryVan Yuzuncu Yil University 65080 Van Turkey
| | - Ahmet Bulut
- Nanomaterials and Catalysis Research GroupDepartment of ChemistryVan Yuzuncu Yil University 65080 Van Turkey
| | - Gulsah Saydan Kanberoglu
- Nanomaterials and Catalysis Research GroupDepartment of ChemistryVan Yuzuncu Yil University 65080 Van Turkey
| | - Murat Kaya
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied ChemistryAtilim University 06836 Ankara Turkey
| | - Yasin Kanbur
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials EngineeringKarabuk University 78050 Karabuk Turkey
| | - Mehmet Zahmakiran
- Nanomaterials and Catalysis Research GroupDepartment of ChemistryVan Yuzuncu Yil University 65080 Van Turkey
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Gajaraj S, Sun X, Zhang C, Hu Z. Improved chromium reduction and removal from wastewater in continuous flow bioelectrochemical systems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:31945-31955. [PMID: 31493075 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06289-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) including microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) and microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are promising for hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] reduction and total chromium (Cr) removal from wastewater. This study assessed the performance of simple, inexpensive, and continuous flow BESs with neither cathode catalyst nor proton exchange membrane for Cr(VI) reduction and total Cr removal. The effect of bioreactor configuration and wastewater feed mode on the performance of the BESs was investigated. Biological Cr(VI) reduction in the MEC followed a first-order kinetics with a rate constant of 0.103 d-1, significantly higher than that of the control (0.033 d-1). For comparison, the first-order reduction rate constants in the MFCs with the Cr(VI) fed to the anodic and the cathodic zones were 0.072 and 0.064 d-1, respectively. The BESs improved total Cr removal through coprecipitating Cr(III) and phosphors as evidenced from the scanning electron microscopy energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis. The total Cr removal efficiencies in the control, MFCs, and MEC were 26.1%, 56.7%, and 66.2%, respectively. Only 25.1% to 26.7% of total Cr was present intracellularly in the BESs (both MFCs and MEC), whereas 31.8% ± 1.4% and 38.0% ± 0.9% of total Cr in the anodic and cathodic zones of the control were present intracellularly. Overall, the BESs demonstrated a great potential to reduce Cr(VI) and remove total Cr with the MEC having the fastest Cr(VI) reduction and most efficient total Cr removal. Furthermore, the BESs significantly reduced the intracellular total Cr content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashikanth Gajaraj
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- HDR, Inc., Kansas City, MO, 64131, USA
| | - Xining Sun
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Chiqian Zhang
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
| | - Zhiqiang Hu
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
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Rehman K, Ijaz A, Arslan M, Afzal M. Floating treatment wetlands as biological buoyant filters for wastewater reclamation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2019; 21:1273-1289. [PMID: 31244322 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2019.1633253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) are an innovative product of ecological engineering that can play a promising role in wastewater treatment. It provides low-cost, eco-friendly, and sustainable solutions for the treatment of wastewater, particularly in regions with economic constraints. Generally, FTWs comprise rooted plants that grow on the surface of water with their roots extending down into the pelagic zone rather than being embedded into the sediments. This drooping structure helps develop (1) a hydraulic flow between the root network and the bottom of the treatment system and (2) a large biologically active surface area for the physical entrapment (filtration) of contaminants, as well as their biochemical transformation and degradation. Furthermore, the rooted network allows proliferation of microorganisms that form biofilms and enhance pollutant degradation while promoting plant growth. The augmentation of bacteria in FTWs has been proven to be the most effective approach for reclamation of wastewater. This article discusses the operational parameters of FTWs for maximal remediation of wastewater and highlights the importance of plant-bacteria partnerships in a typical FTW system for enhanced cleanup of wastewater. We propose that this technology is preferable over other methods that require high energy, costs, and area to install or operate machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadeeja Rehman
- Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Amna Ijaz
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
| | - Muhammad Arslan
- Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute for Biology V (Environmental Research), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Giordani A, Hayashi EA, Rodriguez RP, Damasceno LHS, Azevedo H, Brucha G. POTENTIAL OF AUTOCHTHONOUS SULFATE-REDUCING MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES FOR TREATING ACID MINE DRAINAGE IN A BENCH-SCALE SULFIDOGENIC REACTOR. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-6632.20190362s20170662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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9
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Moffat I, Martinova N, Seidel C, Thompson CM. Hexavalent Chromium in Drinking Water. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/awwa.1044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivy Moffat
- Water and Air Quality Bureau; Health Canada; Ottawa Ont. Canada
| | - Nadia Martinova
- Water and Air Quality Bureau; Health Canada; Ottawa Ont. Canada
| | - Chad Seidel
- Corona Environmental Consulting; Louisville Colo
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Gong Y, Gai L, Tang J, Fu J, Wang Q, Zeng EY. Reduction of Cr(VI) in simulated groundwater by FeS-coated iron magnetic nanoparticles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 595:743-751. [PMID: 28407591 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
FeS-coated iron (Fe/FeS) magnetic nanoparticles were easily prepared, characterized, and applied for Cr(VI) removal in simulated groundwater. TEM, XRD, and BET characterization tests showed that FeS coating on the surface of Fe0 inhibited the aggregation of Fe0 and that Fe/FeS at a S/Fe molar ratio of 0.207 possessed a large surface area of 62.1m2/g. Increasing the S/Fe molar ratio from 0 to 0.138 decreased Cr(VI) removal by 42.8%, and a further increase to 0.207 enhanced Cr(VI) removal by 63% within 72h. Moreover, Fe/FeS inhibited the leaching of Fe, reducing the toxicity of the particles. Mechanistic analysis indicated that Fe0, Fe2+, and S2- were synergistically involved in the reduction of Cr(VI) to nontoxic Cr(III), which further precipitated as (CrxFe1-x)(OH)3 and Cr(III)-Fe-S. The process of Cr(VI) sorption by Fe/FeS (S/Fe=0.207) was fitted well with a pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the isotherm data were simulated by Langmuir isotherm model with a maximum sorption capacity of 69.7mg/g compared to 48.9mg/g for Fe0. Low pH and initial Cr(VI) concentration favored Cr(VI) removal. Continuous fixed bed column studies showed that simulated permeable reactive barriers (PRB) with Fe/FeS was considerably effective for in situ removal of Cr(VI) from groundwater. This study demonstrated the high potential of Fe/FeS for Cr(VI) immobilization in water, groundwater, and soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Gong
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Longshuang Gai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jingchun Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Jie Fu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qilin Wang
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Eddy Y Zeng
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Reduction removal of hexavalent chromium by zinc-substituted magnetite coupled with aqueous Fe(II) at neutral pH value. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 500:20-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.03.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Yin W, Li Y, Wu J, Chen G, Jiang G, Li P, Gu J, Liang H, Liu C. Enhanced Cr(VI) removal from groundwater by Fe 0-H 2O system with bio-amended iron corrosion. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 332:42-50. [PMID: 28279872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A one-pot bio-iron system was established to investigate synergetic abiotic and biotic effects between iron and microorganisms on Cr(VI) removal. More diverse iron corrosion and reactive solids, such as green rusts, lepidocrocite and magnetite were found in the bio-iron system than in the Fe0-H2O system, leading to 4.3 times higher Cr(VI) removal efficiency in the bio-iron system than in the Fe0-H2O system. The cycling experiment also showed that the Cr(VI) removal capacity of Fe0 in the bio-iron system was 12.4 times higher than that in the Fe0-H2O system. A 62days of life-span could be achieved in the bio-iron system, while the Fe0-H2O system lost its efficacy after 30days. Enhanced effects of extra Fe2+ on Cr(VI) removal was observed, largely contributed to the adsorbed Fe2+ on iron surface, which could function as an extra reductant for Cr(VI) and promote the electron transfer on the solid phase. The results also showed that the reduction of Cr(VI) by microorganisms was insignificant, indicating the adsorption/co-precipitation of Cr by iron oxides on iron surface was responsible for the overall Cr(VI) removal. Our study demonstrated that the bio-amended iron corrosion could improve the performance of Fe0 for Cr(VI) removal from groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhao Yin
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Eco-Remediation of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg C DK-1871, Denmark
| | - Yongtao Li
- School of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Jinhua Wu
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Eco-Remediation of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Guocai Chen
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Eco-Remediation of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Gangbiao Jiang
- School of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Ping Li
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Eco-Remediation of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jingjing Gu
- Water Purification Institute of Logistics Department of Guangzhou Military Region, Guangzhou 510500, PR China
| | - Hao Liang
- Water Purification Institute of Logistics Department of Guangzhou Military Region, Guangzhou 510500, PR China
| | - Chuansheng Liu
- Water Purification Institute of Logistics Department of Guangzhou Military Region, Guangzhou 510500, PR China
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Chen Z, Cuervo DP, Müller JA, Wiessner A, Köser H, Vymazal J, Kästner M, Kuschk P. Hydroponic root mats for wastewater treatment-a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:15911-15928. [PMID: 27164889 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6801-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydroponic root mats (HRMs) are ecotechnological wastewater treatment systems where aquatic vegetation forms buoyant filters by their dense interwoven roots and rhizomes, sometimes supported by rafts or other floating materials. A preferential hydraulic flow is created in the water zone between the plant root mat and the bottom of the treatment system. When the mat touches the bottom of the water body, such systems can also function as HRM filter; i.e. the hydraulic flow passes directly through the root zone. HRMs have been used for the treatment of various types of polluted water, including domestic wastewater; agricultural effluents; and polluted river, lake, stormwater and groundwater and even acid mine drainage. This article provides an overview on the concept of applying floating HRM and non-floating HRM filters for wastewater treatment. Exemplary performance data are presented, and the advantages and disadvantages of this technology are discussed in comparison to those of ponds, free-floating plant and soil-based constructed wetlands. Finally, suggestions are provided on the preferred scope of application of HRMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongbing Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shizishan 1, 430070, Wuhan, China.
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Department of Landscape Ecology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16521, Praha 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Diego Paredes Cuervo
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Apartado Aereo 97, Sede la Julita, Pereira, Colombia
| | - Jochen A Müller
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Arndt Wiessner
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Heinz Köser
- Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Institute of Instrumental and Environmental Technology, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jan Vymazal
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Department of Landscape Ecology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16521, Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Matthias Kästner
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Kuschk
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
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Qian J, Wei L, Liu R, Jiang F, Hao X, Chen GH. An Exploratory Study on the Pathways of Cr (VI) Reduction in Sulfate-reducing Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Bed (UASB) Reactor. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23694. [PMID: 27021522 PMCID: PMC4810426 DOI: 10.1038/srep23694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Electroplating wastewater contains both Cr (VI) and sulfate. So Cr (VI) removal under sulfate-rich condition is quite complicated. This study mainly investigates the pathways for Cr (VI) removal under biological sulfate-reducing condition in the up-flow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactor. Two potential pathways are found for the removal of Cr (VI). The first one is the sulfidogenesis-induced Cr (VI) reduction pathway (for 90% Cr (VI) removal), in which Cr (VI) is reduced by sulfide generated from biological reduction of sulfate. The second one leads to direct reduction of Cr (VI) which is utilized by bacteria as the electron acceptor (for 10% Cr (VI) removal). Batch test results confirmed that sulfide was oxidized to elemental sulfur instead of sulfate during Cr (VI) reduction. The produced extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) provided protection to the microbes, resulting in effective removal of Cr (VI). Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) genera accounted for 11.1% of the total bacterial community; thus they could be the major organisms mediating the sulfidogenesis-induced reduction of Cr (VI). In addition, chromate-utilizing genera (e.g. Microbacterium) were also detected, which were possibly responsible for the direct reduction of Cr (VI) using organics as the electron donor and Cr (VI) as the electron acceptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Qian
- School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Wei
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.,Wastewater Treatment Laboratory, FYT Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Nansha, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rulong Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- School of Chemistry &Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodi Hao
- Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Hao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.,Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.,Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control &Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.,Wastewater Treatment Laboratory, FYT Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Nansha, Guangzhou, China
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15
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Zhang J, Zhang G, Wang M, Zheng K, Cai D, Wu Z. Reduction of aqueous CrVI using nanoscale zero-valent iron dispersed by high energy electron beam irradiation. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:9917-9923. [PMID: 23982295 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr02478d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
High energy electron beam (HEEB) irradiation was used to disperse nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) for reduction of CrVI to CrIII in aqueous solution. Pore size distribution, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction characterizations demonstrated that HEEB irradiation could effectively increase the dispersion of NZVI resulting in more active reduction sites of Crvi on NZVI. Batch reduction experiments indicated that the reductive capacity of HEEB irradiation-modified NZVI (IMNZVI) was significantly improved, as the reductive efficiency reached 99.79% under the optimal conditions (electron beam dose of 30 kGy at 10 MeV, pH 2.0 and 313 K) compared with that of raw NZVI (72.14%). Additionally, the NZVI was stable for at least two months after irradiation. The modification mechanism of NZVI by HEEB irradiation was investigated and the results indicated that charge and thermal effects might play key roles in dispersing the NZVI particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Teng H, Xu S, Zhao C, Lv F, Liu H. Removal of Hexavalent Chromium from Aqueous Solutions by Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Stabilized Nano Zero-Valent Iron: A Kinetics, Equilibrium, Thermodynamics Study. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2012.753905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Šillerová H, Komárek M, Chrastný V, Novák M, Vaněk A, Drábek O. Brewers draff as a new low-cost sorbent for chromium (VI): Comparison with other biosorbents. J Colloid Interface Sci 2013; 396:227-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2013.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Revised: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Bolan NS, Choppala G, Kunhikrishnan A, Park J, Naidu R. Microbial transformation of trace elements in soils in relation to bioavailability and remediation. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2013; 225:1-56. [PMID: 23494555 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-6470-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nanthi S Bolan
- Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, Australia,
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19
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McNeill LS, McLean JE, Parks JL, Edwards MA. Hexavalent chromium review, part 2: Chemistry, occurrence, and treatment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.5942/jawwa.2012.104.0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jeffrey L. Parks
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Blacksburg Va
| | - Marc A. Edwards
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Blacksburg Va
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20
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Mohamed M, Hatfield K. Dimensionless parameters to summarize the influence of microbial growth and inhibition on the bioremediation of groundwater contaminants. Biodegradation 2010; 22:877-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s10532-010-9445-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2009] [Accepted: 12/10/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Anbia M, Ashrafizadeh SN. Nanoporous Lanthanum Tungstate: A Viable Adsorbent for Heavy Metals and Organic Pollutants. CHINESE J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201090199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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22
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Wang Q, Qian H, Yang Y, Zhang Z, Naman C, Xu X. Reduction of hexavalent chromium by carboxymethyl cellulose-stabilized zero-valent iron nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2010; 114:35-42. [PMID: 20304518 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2010.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2009] [Revised: 02/24/2010] [Accepted: 02/24/2010] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The reduction of hexavalent chromium or Cr(VI) by zero-valent iron (Fe(0)) nanoparticles has received increasing attention in recent years. However, Fe(0) nanoparticles prepared using conventional methods suffered several drawbacks due to their high reactivity towards surrounding media, which led to the formation of much larger flocs and significant loss in reactivity. To overcome these problems, we synthesized Fe(0) nanoparticles by applying water-soluble carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a stabilizer. CMC-stabilized Fe(0) nanoparticles displayed much less agglomeration but greater Cr(VI) reduced power than those prepared without a stabilizer. At a dose of 0.15 g L(-)(1), CMC-stabilized Fe(0) nanoparticles were able to reduce 100% of 10 mg L(-)(1) Cr(VI) in minutes. Several factors that may affect the efficiency of Cr(VI) removal were investigated. These included the concentration of CMC, the concentration of Fe(0) nanoparticles, the initial Cr(VI) concentration, the pH value, the reaction temperature and the concentration of the calcium cation in the reaction mixture. Our study suggested that the introduction of an innocuous stabilizer such as CMC could significantly improve the performance of Fe(0) nanoparticles for environmental remediation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
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23
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Mortaheb HR, Zolfaghari A, Mokhtarani B, Amini MH, Mandanipour V. Study on removal of cadmium by hybrid liquid membrane process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2010; 177:660-667. [PMID: 20060214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.12.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2009] [Revised: 12/14/2009] [Accepted: 12/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Removal of cadmium as a hazardous heavy metal is studied by applying a new design of hybrid cell for liquid membrane process. Tri-iso-octyl amine (TIOA) is used as the carrier in the organic phase. The concentration of cadmium in the samples is measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The effect of various parameters including type of supporting membrane, pH of feed and stripping phases, initial concentration of cadmium, carrier concentration, solvent nature, and also organic film resistance on mass transfer rate and removal efficiency are studied. The effect of temperature on mass transfer flux is studied by proposing a prediction model. The optimum carrier concentration is found to be about 0.05 M. The appropriate values of pH for feed and stripping phases are about 3 and 13, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid R Mortaheb
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, Tehran, PO Box 14335-186, Iran.
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24
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Kumbasar RA. Extraction of cadmium from solutions containing various heavy metal ions by Amberlite LA-2. J IND ENG CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2009.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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25
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Wu Y, Zhang J, Tong Y, Xu X. Chromium (VI) reduction in aqueous solutions by Fe3O4-stabilized Fe0 nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2009; 172:1640-1645. [PMID: 19740609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2009] [Revised: 08/09/2009] [Accepted: 08/10/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the use of highly reactive magnetite (Fe(3)O(4)) nanoparticles-stabilized Fe(0) nanocomposites for the reduction and mitigation of hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) species in aqueous solutions. Higher proportions of Fe(3)O(4) in the nanocomposites could increase the rate of Cr(VI) reduction. In the absence of magnetite, the Cr(VI) mitigation rate was just 51.4% after 60 min of reaction, while with an initial Fe(3)O(4) mass loading of 3 g l(-1), the Cr(VI) mitigation rate was nearly 100% after 60 min. The optimal ratio of Fe(3)O(4):Fe(0) for the mitigation of Cr(VI) was found to be 40:1. Otherwise, solution pHs significantly affected the rate of Cr(VI) reduction, with reactions occurring more rapidly under acidic or neutral than basic conditions. It is hypothesized that the high efficiency of the Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles-stabilized Fe(0) nanocomposites for Cr(VI) reduction was a direct result of the attachment of Fe(0) nanoparticles to the surface of magnetite, which prevents the aggregation of nano-Fe(0), moreover, the electron transfer during the reduction process most likely takes place via Fe(0) nanoparticles that are located at the magnetite octahedral sites, which are versatile redox centers as they can accommodate both Fe(III) and Fe(II), and this will promote the reduction of Cr(VI). Cr(VI) reduction is coupled with nano-Fe(0) oxidation. Nano-Fe(0) particles are located at the magnetite octahedral sites. Ions of Fe(II) and Fe(III) accommodated by magnetite octahedral sites are products of nano-Fe(0) oxidation. Therefore, Cr(VI) reduction is mediated either by nano-Fe(0) (direct reduction) or Fe(II) species (indirect reduction). Additionally, catalytic Cr(VI) reduction by molecular H(2) (or atomic H) is possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road 38#, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
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26
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Parhi PK, Das NN, Sarangi K. Extraction of cadmium from dilute solution using supported liquid membrane. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2009; 172:773-779. [PMID: 19665843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2009] [Revised: 07/15/2009] [Accepted: 07/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The extraction efficiencies of three phosphoric acid derivatives (D2EHPA, PC-88A and Cyanex 272) for Cd in supported liquid membrane (SLM) have been reported. The equilibrium study indicated the release of two moles of H(+) ions from the extractant for extraction of one mole of cadmium ion and association of two moles of the extractants in the extracted species in each case. The diffusion constant of Cd-D2EHPA, Cd-PC-88A and Cd-Cyanex 272 complex through the membrane phase was found to be 2.53 x 10(-9), 5.435 x 10(-9) and 11.22 x 10(-9)m(2)/s, respectively. The effects of various parameters such as flow rate, pH of feed solution, concentration of extractants in membrane phase, concentration of H(2)SO(4) in strip solution and concentration of Cd in feed solution on cadmium flux (J(Cd)) have been investigated. At pH 7.5, the percentage of cadmium extraction was found to be maximum with 600 mol/m(3) D2EHPA and PC-88A and 800 mol/m(3) Cyanex 272. The extraction of cadmium using the phosphoric acid derivative follows the order D2EHPA>PC-88A>Cyanex 272.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Parhi
- Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology (CSIR), Bhubaneswar 751 013, India.
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27
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Polti MA, García RO, Amoroso MJ, Abate CM. Bioremediation of chromium(VI) contaminated soil by Streptomyces
sp. MC1. J Basic Microbiol 2008; 49:285-92. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.200800239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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28
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Spatial sequencing of microbial reduction of chromate and nitrate in membrane bioreactor. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2008; 31:647-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-008-0215-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2007] [Accepted: 02/21/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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29
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Houda Z, . QW, . YW, . XX. Reduction Remediation of Hexavalent Chromium by Pyrite in the Aqueous Phase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.3923/jas.2007.1522.1527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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30
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Aravindhan R, Sreeram KJ, Rao JR, Nair BU. Biological removal of carcinogenic chromium(VI) using mixed Pseudomonas strains. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2007; 53:71-9. [PMID: 17575447 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.53.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The contamination of soil and wastewaters with Cr(VI) is a major problem. It has been suggested that microbial methods for Cr(VI) reduction are better than chemical methods, as they do not add other ions or toxic chemicals to the environment. In this study an aerobic reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) by employing mixed Pseudomonas cultures isolated from a marshy land has been reported. The role of chromium concentration, temperature, pH and additives on the microbial reduction of Cr(VI) has been investigated. NADH was found to enhance the rate of reduction of Cr(VI). Complete reduction of chromium(VI) has been possible even at chromium(VI) concentrations of 300 ppm. Ions like SO(4)(2-) and poly-phenols inhibited the metabolic activity relating to Cr(VI) reduction. Under optimal conditions 100 mg/L of Cr(VI) was completely reduced within 180 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rathinam Aravindhan
- Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
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31
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Chung J, Nerenberg R, Rittmann BE. Bio-reduction of soluble chromate using a hydrogen-based membrane biofilm reactor. WATER RESEARCH 2006; 40:1634-42. [PMID: 16564559 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2006.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2005] [Revised: 01/06/2006] [Accepted: 01/31/2006] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a mutagen and carcinogen that is a significant concern in water and wastewater. A simple and non-hazardous means to remove Cr(VI) is bioreduction to Cr(III), which should precipitate as Cr(OH)3(s). Since Cr(VI)-reducing bacteria can use hydrogen (H2) as an electron donor, we tested the potential of the H2-based membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) for chromate reduction and removal from water and wastewater. When Cr(VI) was added to a denitrifying MBfR, Cr(VI) reduction was immediate and increased over 11 days. Short-term experiments investigated the effects of Cr(VI) loading, H2 pressure, and nitrate loading on Cr(VI) reduction. Increasing the H2 pressure improved Cr(VI) reduction. Cr(VI) reduction also was sensitive to pH, with an optimum near 7.0, a sharp drop off below 7.0, and a gradual decline to 8.2. Cr(III) precipitated after a small upward adjustment of the pH. These experiments confirm that a denitrifying, H2-based MBfR can be used to reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and remove Cr from water. The research shows that critical operational parameters include the H2 concentration, nitrate concentration, and pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwook Chung
- Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, 2001 South McAllister Ave., Tempe, AZ 85287-5801, USA.
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32
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Vatsouria A, Vainshtein M, Kuschk P, Wiessner A, D K, Kaestner M. Anaerobic co-reduction of chromate and nitrate by bacterial cultures of Staphylococcus epidermidis L-02. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2005; 32:409-14. [PMID: 16091944 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-005-0020-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2004] [Accepted: 07/04/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Industrial wastewater is often polluted by Cr(VI) compounds, presenting a serious environmental problem. This study addresses the removal of toxic, mutagenic Cr(VI) by means of microbial reduction to Cr(III), which can then be precipitated as oxides or hydroxides and extracted from the aquatic system. A strain of Staphylococcus epidermidis L-02 was isolated from a bacterial consortium used for the remediation of a chromate-contaminated constructed wetland system. This strain reduced Cr(VI) by using pyruvate as an electron donor under anaerobic conditions. The aims of the present study were to investigate the specific rate of Cr(VI) reduction by the strain L-02, the effects of chromate and nitrate (available as electron acceptors) on the strain, and the interference of chromate and nitrate reduction processes. The presence of Cr(VI) decreased the growth rate of the bacterium. Chromate and nitrate reduction did not occur under sterile conditions but was observed during tests with the strain L-02. The presence of nitrate increased both the specific Cr(VI) reduction rate and the cell number. Under denitrifying conditions, Cr(VI) reduction was not inhibited by nitrite, which was produced during nitrate reduction. The average specific rate of chromate reduction reached 4.4 micromol Cr 10(10 )cells(-1 )h(-1), but was only 2.0 micromol Cr 10(10 )cells(-1 )h(-1) at 20 degrees C. The maximum specific rate was as high as 8.8-9.8 micromol Cr 10(10 )cells(-1 )h(-1). The role of nitrate in chromate reduction is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vatsouria
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Nauki 5, 142290, Pushchino, Russia.
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Algarra M, Jiménez MV, Rodríguez-Castellón E, Jiménez-López A, Jiménez-Jiménez J. Heavy metals removal from electroplating wastewater by aminopropyl-Si MCM-41. CHEMOSPHERE 2005; 59:779-786. [PMID: 15811406 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2004] [Revised: 11/11/2004] [Accepted: 11/17/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The potential of removing nickel and copper from industrial electroplating wastewaters by using mesoporous materials with MCM-41 type structure functionalised with different ratios of aminopropyl groups, namely Na50, Na25 and Na5, were evaluated. The synthesised solids sorbents obtained were characterised by X-ray diffraction, elemental chemical analysis and IR spectroscopy. In preliminary experiments, studies were carried out to determine the optimal experimental conditions for the retention of heavy ions. Effects of concentration, optimal pH, interference with humic substances and other metals were studied for Na5, which showed the best capacity of absorption determined by the corresponding isotherm. This material has a greater selectivity against sodium, indicating that ionic strength does not affect the extraction. Results of an application of this material to remove nickel and copper in synthetic and real industrial wastewater samples from an electrochemical industry area are shown with successful results. The lowest level of nickel and copper were observed when Na5 was used. This observation suggests that reactive aminopropyl-Si MCM-41 and similar materials may be a promising and provide for alternative environmental technologies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Algarra
- CIQ/Department of Chemistry, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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34
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Hapuarachchi S, Swearingen J, Chasteen TG. Determination of elemental and precipitated selenium production by a facultative anaerobe grown under sequential anaerobic/aerobic conditions. Process Biochem 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-9592(03)00298-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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35
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Boshoff G, Duncan J, Rose PD. The use of micro-algal biomass as a carbon source for biological sulphate reducing systems. WATER RESEARCH 2004; 38:2659-2666. [PMID: 15207596 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2004.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2003] [Revised: 03/25/2004] [Accepted: 03/31/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
An upflow anaerobic digestor was fed dried algal biomass as a carbon source to establish the feasibility of using micro-algal biomass as the sole carbon source for biological sulphate reduction. The effect of the COD:SO4 ratio on substrate consumption and sulphate removal efficiencies were assessed by varying the organic carbon content of the media. Similar COD removal efficiencies were obtained irrespective of the influent COD:SO4 ratios, which were 8.1, 11.2 and 15.0. However, the rates of COD removal did differ with influent COD:SO4 ratios. The percentage sulphate removed decreased as the ratio of COD:SO4 increased. Not all of the COD was used for sulphate reduction, with only 31% being accounted for.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Boshoff
- Environmental Engineering Research Centre, School of Civil Engineering, Queens University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland.
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36
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Boshoff G, Duncan J, Rose PD. Tannery effluent as a carbon source for biological sulphate reduction. WATER RESEARCH 2004; 38:2651-2658. [PMID: 15207595 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2004.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2003] [Revised: 03/25/2004] [Accepted: 03/31/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Tannery effluent was assessed as a carbon source for biological sulphate reduction in a pilot-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB), stirred tank reactor (STR) and trench reactor (TR). Sulphate removals of between 60-80% were obtained in all three reactors at total sulphate feed levels of up to 1800 mg l(-1). Sulphate removal in the TR (400-500 mg SO4 l(-1) day(-1)) and UASB (up to 600 mg SO4 l(-1) day(-1)) were higher than those obtained in the STR (250 mg SO4 l(1) day(-1)). A change in operation mode from a UASB to a STR had a large impact on chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies. COD removal rates decreased by 25% from 600-700 mg COD l(-1) day(-1) to 200-600 mg COD l(-1) day(-1). The TR had an average COD removal rate of 500 mg COD l(-1) day(-1). Large quantities of sulphide were produced in the reactors (up to 1500 mg l(-1)). However due to the elevated pH in the reactor, only a small amount was in the form of H2S and thus the odour problem normally associated with biological sulphate reduction was not present.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Boshoff
- Environmental Engineering Research Centre, School of Civil Engineering, Queens University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Northern Ireland BT9 5AG, UK.
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Guha H. Biogeochemical influence on transport of chromium in manganese sediments: experimental and modeling approaches. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2004; 70:1-36. [PMID: 15068867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2003.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2002] [Accepted: 08/22/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) was reduced to immobile and nontoxic Cr(III) by a dissimilatory metal reducing bacteria, Shewanella alga Simidu (BrY-MT) ATCC 55627. A series of kinetic batch and dynamic column experiments were conducted to provide an understanding of Cr(VI) reduction by the facultative anaerobe BrY-MT. Reduction of Cr(VI) was rapid (within 1 h) in columns packed with quartz sand and bacteria, whereas Cr(VI) reduction by BrY-MT was delayed (57 h) in the presence of beta-MnO2-coated sand. A mathematical model was developed and evaluated against data obtained from column experiments. The model takes into account (1) advective-dispersive transport of Cr(III), Cr(VI), lactate, and protein (mobile and immobile bacteria); (2) first-order kinetic adsorption of Cr(III) and lactate; (3) conversion of solid phase beta-MnO2 to solid phase MnOOH due to oxidation of Cr(III); (4) dual-Monod kinetics, where Cr(VI) is the electron acceptor and lactate is the electron donor. The breakthrough data for Cr(III), Cr(VI), lactate, and protein (mobile and immobile bacteria) were fitted simultaneously. The breakthrough data are well described by the mathematical model that considers the above processes. This result demonstrates the ability of the coupled hydrobiogeochemical model to simulate chromium transport in complex reactive systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillol Guha
- Department of Environmental Resources Management, Miami-Dade County, FL 33130, USA.
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