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Vedhanayagam M, Andra S, Muthalagu M, Janardhanan Sreeram K. Influence of Functionalized Gold Nanorods on the Structure of Cytochrome –C: An Effective Bio-nanoconjugate for Biomedical Applications. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.110182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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2
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Mandal S, Suresh S, Priya N, Banothu R, Mohan R, Sreeram KJ. Phthalate migration and its effects on poly(vinyl chloride)-based footwear: pathways, influence of environmental conditions, and the possibility of human exposure. Environ Sci Process Impacts 2022; 24:1844-1854. [PMID: 36107023 DOI: 10.1039/d2em00059h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The study of phthalate migration in footwear is important from an environmental viewpoint and the consumer health perspective as it remains in direct contact with the user for a long time. In this research article, the migration of phthalate, specifically di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), from the poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) shoe sole to the attached leather insole has been studied for six months under different environmental conditions. After one month, the DEHP concentration in the PVC sole decreased by 45-58%, and that in the leather insole increased from 0.35 mg g-1 to 38-58 mg g-1. After six months, about 90% of the DEHP has been lost from the PVC sole, and that in the leather insole reached close to its initial value (value before the experiment). The migration rate depends on the environmental conditions and the presence of phthalate soluble solvents in the sole-adhesive-insole system of the footwear. The influence of DEHP migration on the physicochemical characteristics of the PVC sole and leather insole has been studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The migration and emission pathways of DEHP, the influence of environmental conditions, and the possibility of human exposure to phthalate through footwear are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujata Mandal
- CLRI Center for Analysis, Testing, Evaluation and Reporting Services (CATERS), CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Chennai-600020, India.
| | - S Suresh
- CLRI Center for Analysis, Testing, Evaluation and Reporting Services (CATERS), CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Chennai-600020, India.
| | - N Priya
- CLRI Center for Analysis, Testing, Evaluation and Reporting Services (CATERS), CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Chennai-600020, India.
| | - Ravi Banothu
- CLRI Center for Analysis, Testing, Evaluation and Reporting Services (CATERS), CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Chennai-600020, India.
| | - R Mohan
- CLRI Center for Analysis, Testing, Evaluation and Reporting Services (CATERS), CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Chennai-600020, India.
| | - K J Sreeram
- CLRI Center for Analysis, Testing, Evaluation and Reporting Services (CATERS), CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Chennai-600020, India.
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3
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Vedhanayagam M, Kumar AS, Nair BU, Sreeram KJ. Dendrimer-Functionalized Metal Oxide Nanoparticle-Mediated Self-Assembled Collagen Scaffold for Skin Regenerative Application: Function of Metal in Metal Oxides. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 194:266-290. [PMID: 34817807 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03764-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Functionalized metal oxide nanoparticles cross-linked collagen scaffolds are widely used in skin regenerative applications because of their enhanced physicochemical and biocompatibility properties. From the safety clinical trials point of view, there are no reports that have compared the effects of functionalized metal oxide nanoparticles mediated collagen scaffolds for in vivo skin regenerative applications. In this work, triethoxysilane-poly (amido amine) dendrimer generation 3 (TES-PAMAM-G3 or G3)-functionalized spherical shape metal oxide nanoparticles (MO NPs: ZnO, TiO2, Fe3O4, CeO2, and SiO2, size: 12-25 nm) cross-linked collagen scaffolds were prepared by using a self-assembly method. Triple helical conformation, pore size, mechanical strength, and in vitro cell viability of MO-TES-PAMAM-G3-collagen scaffolds were studied through different methods. The in vivo skin regenerative proficiency of MO-TES-PAMAM-G3-collagen scaffolds was analyzed by implanting the scaffold on wounds in Wistar albino rats. The results demonstrated that MO-TES-PAMAM-G3-collagen scaffold showed superior skin regeneration properties than other scaffolds. The skin regenerative efficiency of MO NPs followed the order ZnO > TiO2 > CeO2 > SiO2 > Fe3O4 NPs. This result can be attributed to higher mechanical strength, cell viability, and better antibacterial activity of ZnO-TES-PAMAM-G3-collagen scaffold that leads to accelerate the skin regenerative properties in comparison to other metal oxide based collagen scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Vedhanayagam
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai, 600 020, India
| | - Anandasadagopan Suresh Kumar
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai, 600 020, India
| | - Balachandran Unni Nair
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai, 600 020, India
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Pradeep S, Sathish M, Sreeram KJ, Rao JR. Melamine-Based Polymeric Crosslinker for Cleaner Leather Production. ACS Omega 2021; 6:12965-12976. [PMID: 34056447 PMCID: PMC8158572 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To augment sustainable tanning, less chrome input, high functional quality leather processed via no restricted substance in processing, and ease to treat the inevitable protein waste generated are the key challenge, and currently, they have become the active part of leather research. Our work covers the synthesis of a formaldehyde-free chromium-incorporated polymeric tanning agent (FF-CIPTA) and its application in a reformed leather processing route which ensures near zero discharge of chromium containing solid waste. The preliminary characterization of FF-CIPTA reveals that the developed product is stable up to pH 5.2, and the particle size distribution ranges from 955 to 1450 nm with 12% Cr2O3 content. The present work significantly reduces the tanning agent input without compromising the thermal stability (103 °C) of the leather because of its multicrosslinking nature. Since the product exhibits a polymeric character, it provides tanning-cum-filling action which in turn reduces the retanning agent consumption in subsequent processes. Scanning electron microscopic study, porosity analysis, and hand assessment results clearly indicate the significant improvement in organoleptic properties. In addition, the process also enjoys the benefits of zero chromium containing solid waste generation, 71.4% reduction in chromium input, and high chromium transfer efficiency (92%) than the conventional process (36%), and 74.4% reduction in total dissolved solids generation. Furthermore, the water consumption and chemical input are reduced by 51.6 and 17%, respectively. Reduction in wastewater treatment cost and a high economic value of chromium-free leather scraps leads to a cumulative gain of US$ 39.84 per ton of raw material processing. Overall, a potential and practical applicability for cleaner and sustainable tanning is well established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasan Pradeep
- Centre
for Academic and Research Excellence, Council
of Scientific and Industrial Research—Central Leather Research
Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
- Department
of Leather Technology, (Housed at CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute),
Alagappa College of Technology, Anna University, Chennai 600020, India
| | - Murali Sathish
- Leather
Process Technology Division, Council of
Scientific and Industrial Research—Central Leather Research
Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
| | - Kalarical Janardhanan Sreeram
- Director’s
Office, Council of Scientific and Industrial
Research—Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
| | - Jonnalagadda Raghava Rao
- Inorganic
and Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Council
of Scientific and Industrial Research—Central Leather Research
Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
- Department
of Leather Technology, (Housed at CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute),
Alagappa College of Technology, Anna University, Chennai 600020, India
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5
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Vedhanayagam M, Raja IS, Molkenova A, Atabaev TS, Sreeram KJ, Han DW. Carbon Dots-Mediated Fluorescent Scaffolds: Recent Trends in Image-Guided Tissue Engineering Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5378. [PMID: 34065357 PMCID: PMC8190637 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Regeneration of damaged tissues or organs is one of the significant challenges in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Many researchers have fabricated various scaffolds to accelerate the tissue regeneration process. However, most of the scaffolds are limited in clinical trials due to scaffold inconsistency, non-biodegradability, and lack of non-invasive techniques to monitor tissue regeneration after implantation. Recently, carbon dots (CDs) mediated fluorescent scaffolds are widely explored for the application of image-guided tissue engineering due to their controlled architecture, light-emitting ability, higher chemical and photostability, excellent biocompatibility, and biodegradability. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent advancement of CDs in terms of their different synthesis methods, tunable physicochemical, mechanical, and optical properties, and their application in tissue engineering. Finally, this review concludes the further research directions that can be explored to apply CDs in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Vedhanayagam
- CATERS Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India;
| | - Iruthayapandi Selestin Raja
- BIO-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (I.S.R.); (A.M.)
| | - Anara Molkenova
- BIO-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (I.S.R.); (A.M.)
| | - Timur Sh. Atabaev
- Department of Chemistry, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan;
| | | | - Dong-Wook Han
- BIO-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (I.S.R.); (A.M.)
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
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6
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Ramalingam S, Janardhanan Sreeram K, Raghava Rao J. Green light-emitting BSA-conjugated dye supported silica nanoparticles for bio-imaging applications. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03848f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BSA conjugated with amine functionalised silica nanoparticles (BSA@DSFN) proved to be an ideal material for long life fluorescent probe for cellular imaging application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathya Ramalingam
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
- Leather Process Technology Department, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
| | | | - Jonnalagadda Raghava Rao
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
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7
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Vedhanayagam M, Anandasadagopan S, Nair BU, Sreeram KJ. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) grafted collagen scaffold reinforced by PdO–TiO2 nanocomposites. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2020; 108:110378. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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8
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Murugappan G, Khambhaty Y, Sreeram KJ. Protease immobilized nanoparticles: a cleaner and sustainable approach to dehairing of skin. Appl Nanosci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-019-01113-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Vedhanayagam M, Nair BU, Sreeram KJ. Effect of functionalized gold nanoparticle on collagen stabilization for tissue engineering application. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 123:1211-1220. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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10
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Vedhanayagam M, Unni Nair B, Sreeram KJ. Collagen-ZnO Scaffolds for Wound Healing Applications: Role of Dendrimer Functionalization and Nanoparticle Morphology. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2018; 1:1942-1958. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Khambhaty Y, Akshaya R, Rama Suganya C, Sreeram KJ, Raghava Rao J. A logical and sustainable approach towards bamboo pulp bleaching using xylanase from Aspergillus nidulans. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 118:452-459. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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12
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Tamilmani V, Soni AK, Rai VK, Nair BU, Sreeram KJ. Frequency upconversion in catechin assisted
$$\hbox {LaF}_{3}$$
LaF
3
:
$$\hbox {Yb}^{3+}$$
Yb
3
+
-
$$\hbox {Er}^{3+ }$$
Er
3
+
square nanoplates. J CHEM SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-017-1401-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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13
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Tamilmani V, Nair BU, Sreeram KJ. Phosphate modulated luminescence in lanthanum vanadate nanorods- Catechin, polyphenolic ligand. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2017.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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14
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Vedhanayagam M, Nidhin M, Duraipandy N, Naresh ND, Jaganathan G, Ranganathan M, Kiran MS, Narayan S, Nair BU, Sreeram KJ. Role of nanoparticle size in self-assemble processes of collagen for tissue engineering application. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 99:655-664. [PMID: 28274865 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticle mediated extracellular matrix may offer new and improved biomaterial to wound healing and tissue engineering applications. However, influence of nanoparticle size in extracellular matrix is still unclear. In this work, we synthesized different size of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) comprising of 10nm, 35nm and 55nm using nutraceuticals (pectin) as reducing as well as stabilization agents through microwave irradiation method. Synthesized Ag-pectin nanoparticles were assimilated in the self-assemble process of collagen leading to fabricated collagen-Ag-pectin nanoparticle based scaffolds. Physico-chemical properties and biocompatibility of scaffolds were analyzed through FT-IR, SEM, DSC, mechanical strength analyzer, antibacterial activity and MTT assay. Our results suggested that 10nm sized Ag-pectin nanoparticles significantly increased the denaturation temperature (57.83°C) and mechanical strength (0.045MPa) in comparison with native collagen (50.29°C and 0.011MPa). The in vitro biocompatibility assay reveals that, collagen-Ag-pectin nanoparticle based scaffold provided higher antibacterial activity against to Gram positive and Gram negative as well as enhanced cell viability toward keratinocytes. This work opens up a possibility of employing the pectin caged silver nanoparticles to develop collagen-based nanoconstructs for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Vedhanayagam
- Chemical Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
| | - Marimuthu Nidhin
- Department of Chemistry, Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Gurgaon, India
| | - Natarajan Duraipandy
- Chemical Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
| | | | - Ganesh Jaganathan
- Chemical Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
| | - Mohan Ranganathan
- Chemical Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
| | | | - Shoba Narayan
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research & Education, Chennai 603 103, India
| | - Balachandran Unni Nair
- Chemical Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
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15
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16
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Khambhaty Y, Ananth S, Sreeram KJ, Rao JR, Nair BU. Dual utility of a novel, copper enhanced laccase from Trichoderma aureoviridae. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 81:69-75. [PMID: 26231326 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Ever since the ability of laccase to oxidize non-phenolic lignin models was described, the oxidative degradation reactions catalyzed by laccase have been widely studied for paper pulp production or detoxification of aromatic pollutants. The viability of developing eco-friendly, laccase aided industrial processes has been explored. Here, we report the isolation and screening of fungi to explore their lignolytic ability on solid media using various substrates as indicators. The promising fungus was cultivated in submerged and solid state conditions. The crude enzyme obtained yielded elevated activity at 75°C and pH 9.0. Addition of CuSO4 increased the activity by almost 25% proving that Cu(2+) catalytically enhances the action of laccases. Decolorization studies were carried out using industrial dye, Remazol Brilliant Blue R (CI 61200) on solid and liquid medium. Visual decolorization was observed within 2 days of inoculation on solid media whereas, liquid medium incorporated with varying concentrations of dye solution showed a final level of decolorization of up to 76%. Bamboo degradation studies revealed a decrease in lignin content by 51 and 43% within a month. To the best of our knowledge, this study for the first time reports that Trichoderma aureoviridae can produce lignolytic enzyme and degrade lignin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Khambhaty
- Microbiology Division, CSIR - Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India.
| | - Swetha Ananth
- Microbiology Division, CSIR - Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India
| | | | | | - Balachandran Unni Nair
- Chemical Laboratory, CSIR - Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India
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17
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Abstract
Catechin conformers enhance luminescence from rare earth orthovanadates by tuning the structures in 0, 1 and 2 dimensions with a preferred tetragonal phase.
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18
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Gari Bhargavi NR, Venkatesh M, Sreeram KJ, Baskar G, Rao JR, Nair BU, Mandal AB. Emulsifiers-free lubrication process using natural oils dispersions in non-aqueous solvents for leather. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra12170a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dispersions of natural oils in non-aqueous solvents as emulsifier-free ready-to use lubricants for leather.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Geetha Baskar
- CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai 600 020
- India
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19
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Ramalingam S, Janardhanan Sreeram K, Raghava Rao J, Unni Nair B. Hybrid composites: amalgamation of proteins with polymeric phenols as a multifunctional material for leather processing. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra14051f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, blending various protein wastes has resulted in the development of new hybrid composites, which display innovative functionalities with superior physico-chemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathya Ramalingam
- Chemical Laboratory
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai-600020
- India
| | - Kalarical Janardhanan Sreeram
- Chemical Laboratory
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai-600020
- India
| | - Jonnalagadda Raghava Rao
- Chemical Laboratory
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai-600020
- India
| | - Balachandran Unni Nair
- Chemical Laboratory
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai-600020
- India
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20
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Ramalingam S, Janardhanan Sreeram K, Raghava Rao J, Unni Nair B. Correction: Hybrid composites: amalgamation of proteins with polymeric phenols as a multifunctional material for leather processing. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra90039e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Correction for ‘Hybrid composites: amalgamation of proteins with polymeric phenols as a multifunctional material for leather processing’ by Sathya Ramalingam et al., RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 33221–33232.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathya Ramalingam
- Chemical Laboratory
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai-600020
- India
| | - Kalarical Janardhanan Sreeram
- Chemical Laboratory
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai-600020
- India
| | - Jonnalagadda Raghava Rao
- Chemical Laboratory
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai-600020
- India
| | - Balachandran Unni Nair
- Chemical Laboratory
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai-600020
- India
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21
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22
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Nidhin M, Nazeer SS, Jayasree RS, Kiran MS, Nair BU, Sreeram KJ. Flower shaped assembly of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles: application as T2 contrast agent in MRI. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra23232h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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23
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Sangeetha S, Ramamoorthy U, Sreeram KJ, Nair BU. Enhancing collagen stability through nanostructures containing chromium(III) oxide. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2012; 100:36-41. [PMID: 22766281 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 05/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Stabilization of collagen for various applications employs chemicals such as aldehydes, metal ions, polyphenols, etc. Stability against enzymatic, thermal and mechanical degradation is required for a range of biomedical applications. The premise of this research is to explore the use of nanoparticles with suitable functionalization/encapsulation to crosslink with collagen, such that the three dimensional architecture had the desired stability. Collagen solution prepared as per standard protocols is treated with chromium(III) oxide nanoparticules encapsulated within a polymeric matrix (polystyrene-block-polyacrylic acid copolymer). Selectivity towards encapsulation was ensured by the reaction in dimethyl sulfoxide, where the PS groups popped out and encapsulated the Cr(2)O(3). Subsequently when immersed in aqueous solution, PAA units popped up to react with functional groups of collagen. The interaction with collagen was monitored through techniques such as CD, FTIR, viscosity measurements, stress analysis. CD studies and FTIR showed no degradation of collagen. Thermal stability was enhanced upon interaction of nanostructures with collagen. Self-assembly of collagen was delayed but not inhibited, indicating a compete binding of the metal oxide encapsulated polymer to collagen. Metal oxide nanoparticles encapsulated within a polymeric matrix could provide thermal and mechanical stability to collagen. The formed fibrils of collagen could serve as ideal material for various smart applications such as slow/sustained drug release. The study is also relevant to the leather industry in that the nanostructures can diffuse through the highly networked collagen fibre bundles in skin matrix easily, thus overcoming the rate limiting step of diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvam Sangeetha
- Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India
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Sindhu K, Indra R, Rajaram A, Sreeram KJ, Rajaram R. Investigations on the interaction of gold-curcumin nanoparticles with human peripheral blood lymphocytes. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2011; 7:56. [PMID: 21485801 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2011.1199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The use of nano-particles in several areas necessitates the understanding of their interaction with cells, tissues and experimental animals. In the present study, the effect of a curcumin conjugated gold nano-particle on peripheral blood lymphocytes was investigated. The treated lymphocytes revealed features typical of apoptosis which include chromatin condensation, and membrane blebbing and occurrence of apoptotic bodies. The observations indicate that these nanoparticle conjugates may find use as drugs in non-toxic range observed in cytotoxicity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sindhu
- Central Leather Research Institute, (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India) Adyar, Chennai 600020, India
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Sreeram KJ, Nidhin M, Nair BU. Synthesis of aligned hematite nanoparticles on chitosan–alginate films. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2009; 71:260-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2009.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2009] [Revised: 02/17/2009] [Accepted: 02/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sreeram KJ, Aby CP, Nair BU. Synthesis and Characterization of Doped Rare Earth Oxides for Environmentally Benign Nontoxic Reddish-yellow Pigments. CHEM LETT 2008. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2008.902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Abstract
The contamination of soil and wastewaters with Cr(VI) is a major problem. It has been suggested that microbial methods for Cr(VI) reduction are better than chemical methods, as they do not add other ions or toxic chemicals to the environment. In this study an aerobic reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) by employing mixed Pseudomonas cultures isolated from a marshy land has been reported. The role of chromium concentration, temperature, pH and additives on the microbial reduction of Cr(VI) has been investigated. NADH was found to enhance the rate of reduction of Cr(VI). Complete reduction of chromium(VI) has been possible even at chromium(VI) concentrations of 300 ppm. Ions like SO(4)(2-) and poly-phenols inhibited the metabolic activity relating to Cr(VI) reduction. Under optimal conditions 100 mg/L of Cr(VI) was completely reduced within 180 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rathinam Aravindhan
- Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
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Sreeram KJ, Saravanabhavan S, Rao JR, Nair BU. Use of Chromium−Collagen Wastes for the Removal of Tannins from Wastewaters. Ind Eng Chem Res 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/ie034273p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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29
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Shrivastava HY, Sreeram KJ, Nair BU. Aggregation of Mucin by Chromium(III) Complexes as Revealed by Electrokinetic and Rheological Studies: Influence on the Tryptic and O-glycanase Digestion of Mucin. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2004; 21:671-80. [PMID: 14769060 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2004.10506958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the impact of chromium(III) complexes ([Cr(salen)(H2O)2](+) (1), [Cr(en)3]3+ (2) and [Cr(EDTA)(H2O)]- (3)) on the biophysical properties of mucin like specific viscosity, zeta potential and particle size has been investigated. It is evident from the present investigation that the nature of the coordinated ligand has a major role to play in bringing about the changes in the physical characteristics of the glycoprotein. It was observed that (1) and (3) because of their coordinate mode of binding lead to decrease in the specific viscosity of mucin, whereas (2) on the other hand was found to bring about drastic increase in the mucin viscosity due to sol-gel transition in the mucin conformation. Complex (2) was found to gradually lower the zeta potential value of mucin (particle size=51.5 nm) from -24.8 +/- 1.31 mV to -0.58 +/- 0.30 mV, which reveals aggregation (particle size=216 nm) and subsequent sedimentation of mucin with an increase in the average diameter of mucin particles. The binding of (2) to mucin was found to impart resistance to mucin against both tryptic and O-glycanase digestion, suggesting that, the aggregation of mucin causes conformational as well as configurational changes in the glycoprotein; thus perturbing the location of carbohydrate domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yamini Shrivastava
- Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
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Abstract
The interactions between the polysaccharide alginate and iron(III) were investigated. The solution properties were studied through pH-metry, viscometry, zeta potential and particle size measurements. In the presence of alginate, iron(III) was stabilized and no precipitation was observed. Studies indicate that iron(III)-alginate system was more stable than iron(III) or alginate alone. The binding constant is of the order of 10(4) M(-1). A case for 'site binding model' for the interaction between alginate and Fe(III) has been made based on the studies using circular dichroism and zeta potential experiments. The number of binding sites per molecule of alginate has been estimated to be 66. This indicates that the alginate can bind more number of Fe(III) ions and thus provide a stable complex which can find wide industrial applications.
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Rao JR, Thanikaivelan P, Sreeram KJ, Nair BU. Green route for the utilization of chrome shavings (chromium-containing solid waste) in tanning industry. Environ Sci Technol 2002; 36:1372-1376. [PMID: 11944695 DOI: 10.1021/es015635s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Chromium-containing wastes from various industrial sectors are under critical review. Leather processing is one such industrial activity that generates chromium-bearing wastes in different forms. One of them is chrome shavings, and this contributes to an extent of 10% of the quantum of raw skins/hides processed, amounting to 0.8 million ton globally. In this study, the high protein content of chrome shavings has been utilized for reduction of chromium(VI) in the preparation of chrome tanning agent. This approach has been exploited for the development of two products: one with chrome shavings alone as reducing agent and the other with equal proportion of chrome shavings and molasses. The developed products exhibit more masking due to the formation of intermediate organic oligopeptides. This has been corroborated through the spectral, hydrolysis, and species-wise distribution studies. The formation of these organic masking agents helps in chrome tanning by shifting the precipitation point of chromium to relatively higher pH levels. Hence, the developed products find use as chrome tanning agents for leather processing, thus providing a means for better utilization of chrome shaving wastes.
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Abstract
The processing of chromite ore is associated with the generation of large quantities of solid wastes containing chromium, which have been disposed of as landfill for many years. The mobilization and operational speciation of chromium contained in soils contaminated with metal salts are important in terms of the environment. Several methods have been employed for the extraction and recovery of solid wastes. Chromium contained in contaminated soils and solid wastes can be categorized as exchangeable, oxidizable, carbonate-bound, reducible and residual. The results from this study indicate a need for efficient leaching methodologies in chromite ore processing plants to decrease the non-detrital fractions of chromium in the residue. Aggressive methodologies are required to recover chromium from the detrital fractions. The potential benefits of employing sodium peroxide for the complete recovery of chromium from chromite residue have been demonstrated, and the need to ensure the safety of the process has been emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Sreeram
- Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India.
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