1
|
Huang RY, Tai WC, Ho MH, Chang PC. Combination of a biomolecule-aided biphasic cryogel scaffold with a barrier membrane adhering PDGF-encapsulated nanofibers to promote periodontal regeneration. J Periodontal Res 2020; 55:529-538. [PMID: 32096217 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND BACKGROUND To achieve periodontal regeneration, numerous investigations have concentrated on biomolecule supplement and optimization of bone substitute or barrier membrane. This study evaluated the benefit of combining these strategies for periodontal regeneration. METHODS Biphasic cryogel scaffold (BCS) composed of gelatin (ligament phase) and gelatin with beta-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite (BH) (bone phase) was designed as tested bone substitute, and both enamel matrix derivatives (EMD) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) were applied to formulate a biomolecule-aided BCS (BBS). Functionally graded membrane (FGM) was designed as tested barrier membrane by adhering PDGF-encapsulated poly(L-lactide-co-D/L-lactide) nanofibers on the conventional membrane (CM). BBS and FGM were characterized and tested for biocompatibility in vitro. Thirty 4 × 4 × 5 mm3 periodontal intrabony defects were created on 6 Beagle dogs. Each defect was evenly assigned to one of the following treatments including BH-CM, BCS-CM, BBS-CM, BH-FGM, BCS-FGM, and BBS-FGM, for 12 weeks. The therapeutic efficiency was assessed by micro-CT and histology. RESULTS BCS and FGM sustained the release of biomolecules. The viability of MSCs was maintained in both phases of BCS and was promoted while seeding on the PDGF-encapsulated nanofibers. In CM-covered sites, BBS showed significantly greater osteogenesis (P < .01) and early defect fill (P < .05) relative to BH. FGM significantly promoted osteogenesis (P < .05) in BH-treated sites but showed limited benefit in BBS-treated sites. On denuded roots, cementum deposition was evident in BBS-treated sites. CONCLUSIONS PDGF-loaded FGM promoted periodontal osteogenesis, and BBS with EMD-BMP-2 had potential for reconstructing alveolar ridge, periodontal ligament, and cementum. FGM and BBS combination provided limited additional benefit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Yeong Huang
- School of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chiu Tai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hua Ho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chun Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dziedzic DSM, Mogharbel BF, Ferreira PE, Irioda AC, de Carvalho KAT. Transplantation of Adipose-derived Cells for Periodontal Regeneration: A Systematic Review. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 14:504-518. [PMID: 30394216 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x13666181105144430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review evaluated the transplantation of cells derived from adipose tissue for applications in dentistry. SCOPUS, PUBMED and LILACS databases were searched for in vitro studies and pre-clinical animal model studies using the keywords "ADIPOSE", "CELLS", and "PERIODONTAL", with the Boolean operator "AND". A total of 160 titles and abstracts were identified, and 29 publications met the inclusion criteria, 14 in vitro and 15 in vivo studies. In vitro studies demonstrated that adipose- derived cells stimulate neovascularization, have osteogenic and odontogenic potential; besides adhesion, proliferation and differentiation on probable cell carriers. Preclinical studies described improvement of bone and periodontal healing with the association of adipose-derived cells and the carrier materials tested: Platelet Rich Plasma, Fibrin, Collagen and Synthetic polymer. There is evidence from the current in vitro and in vivo data indicating that adipose-derived cells may contribute to bone and periodontal regeneration. The small quantity of studies and the large variation on study designs, from animal models, cell sources and defect morphology, did not favor a meta-analysis. Additional studies need to be conducted to investigate the regeneration variability and the mechanisms of cell participation in the processes. An overview of animal models, cell sources, and scaffolds, as well as new perspectives are provided for future bone and periodontal regeneration study designs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilcele Silva Moreira Dziedzic
- Pele Pequeno Principe Institute for Child and Adolescent Health Research, Pequeno Principe Faculty, Curitiba, Brazil
- Dentistry Faculty, Universidade Positivo, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Bassam Felipe Mogharbel
- Pele Pequeno Principe Institute for Child and Adolescent Health Research, Pequeno Principe Faculty, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Priscila Elias Ferreira
- Pele Pequeno Principe Institute for Child and Adolescent Health Research, Pequeno Principe Faculty, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Irioda
- Pele Pequeno Principe Institute for Child and Adolescent Health Research, Pequeno Principe Faculty, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shujaa Addin A, Akizuki T, Matsuura T, Hoshi S, Ikawa T, Maruyama K, Ono W, Fukuba S, Izumi Y. Histological healing after nonsurgical periodontal treatment with enamel matrix derivatives in canine experimental periodontitis. Odontology 2018; 106:289-296. [DOI: 10.1007/s10266-018-0347-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
4
|
Fawzy El-Sayed KM, Dörfer CE. Animal Models for Periodontal Tissue Engineering: A Knowledge-Generating Process. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2017; 23:900-925. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2017.0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karim M. Fawzy El-Sayed
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christof E. Dörfer
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kantarci A, Hasturk H, Van Dyke TE. Animal models for periodontal regeneration and peri-implant responses. Periodontol 2000 2017; 68:66-82. [PMID: 25867980 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Translation of experimental data to the clinical setting requires the safety and efficacy of such data to be confirmed in animal systems before application in humans. In dental research, the animal species used is dependent largely on the research question or on the disease model. Periodontal disease and, by analogy, peri-implant disease, are complex infections that result in a tissue-degrading inflammatory response. It is impossible to explore the complex pathogenesis of periodontitis or peri-implantitis using only reductionist in-vitro methods. Both the disease process and healing of the periodontal and peri-implant tissues can be studied in animals. Regeneration (after periodontal surgery), in response to various biologic materials with potential for tissue engineering, is a continuous process involving various types of tissue, including epithelia, connective tissues and alveolar bone. The same principles apply to peri-implant healing. Given the complexity of the biology, animal models are necessary and serve as the standard for successful translation of regenerative materials and dental implants to the clinical setting. Smaller species of animal are more convenient for disease-associated research, whereas larger animals are more appropriate for studies that target tissue healing as the anatomy of larger animals more closely resembles human dento-alveolar architecture. This review focuses on the animal models available for the study of regeneration in periodontal research and implantology; the advantages and disadvantages of each animal model; the interpretation of data acquired; and future perspectives of animal research, with a discussion of possible nonanimal alternatives. Power calculations in such studies are crucial in order to use a sample size that is large enough to generate statistically useful data, whilst, at the same time, small enough to prevent the unnecessary use of animals.
Collapse
|
6
|
Miron RJ, Sculean A, Cochran DL, Froum S, Zucchelli G, Nemcovsky C, Donos N, Lyngstadaas SP, Deschner J, Dard M, Stavropoulos A, Zhang Y, Trombelli L, Kasaj A, Shirakata Y, Cortellini P, Tonetti M, Rasperini G, Jepsen S, Bosshardt DD. Twenty years of enamel matrix derivative: the past, the present and the future. J Clin Periodontol 2016; 43:668-83. [PMID: 26987551 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACGROUND On June 5th, 2015 at Europerio 8, a group of leading experts were gathered to discuss what has now been 20 years of documented evidence supporting the clinical use of enamel matrix derivative (EMD). Original experiments led by Lars Hammarström demonstrated that enamel matrix proteins could serve as key regenerative proteins capable of promoting periodontal regeneration including new cementum, with functionally oriented inserting new periodontal ligament fibres, and new alveolar bone formation. This pioneering work and vision by Lars Hammarström has paved the way to an enormous amount of publications related to its biological basis and clinical use. Twenty years later, it is clear that all these studies have greatly contributed to our understanding of how biologics can act as mediators for periodontal regeneration and have provided additional clinical means to support tissue regeneration of the periodontium. AIMS This review article aims to: (1) provide the biological background necessary to understand the rational for the use of EMD for periodontal regeneration, (2) present animal and human histological evidence of periodontal regeneration following EMD application, (3) provide clinically relevant indications for the use of EMD and (4) discuss future avenues of research including key early findings leading to the development of Osteogain, a new carrier system for EMD specifically developed with better protein adsorption to bone grafting materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA.,Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - David L Cochran
- Department of Periodontics, Dental School, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Stuart Froum
- Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Giovanni Zucchelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlos Nemcovsky
- Department of Periodontology and Dental Implantology, Dental School, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Nikos Donos
- Department of Periodontology, Queen Marry University of London, London, UK
| | | | - James Deschner
- Section of Experimental Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michel Dard
- New York University, College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Leonardo Trombelli
- Department of Periodotology, Research Centre for the Study of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Adrian Kasaj
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Yoshinori Shirakata
- Department of Periodontology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | | | - Maurizio Tonetti
- European Research Group on Periodontology (ERGOPerio), Genova, Italy
| | - Giulio Rasperini
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Polyclinic, Milan, Italy
| | - Søren Jepsen
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bone grafting material in combination with Osteogain for bone repair: a rat histomorphometric study. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 20:589-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-015-1532-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
8
|
Hiremath H, Kulkarni S, Sharma R, Hiremath V, Motiwala T. Use of Platelet-rich fibrin as an autologous biologic rejuvenating media for avulsed teeth - anin vitrostudy. Dent Traumatol 2014; 30:442-6. [DOI: 10.1111/edt.12119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hemalatha Hiremath
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics; SAIMS; Indore India
| | - Sadanand Kulkarni
- Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry; SAIMS; Indore India
| | | | | | - Tejas Motiwala
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; SAIMS; Indore India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Guo L, Li J, Qiao X, Yu M, Tang W, Wang H, Guo W, Tian W. Comparison of odontogenic differentiation of human dental follicle cells and human dental papilla cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62332. [PMID: 23620822 PMCID: PMC3631153 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Classical tooth development theory suggests that dental papilla cells (DPCs) are the precursor cells of odontoblasts, which are responsible for dentin development. However, our previous studies have indicated that dental follicle cells (DFCs) can differentiate into odontoblasts. To further our understanding of tooth development, and the differences in dentinogenesis between DFCs and DPCs, the odontogenic differentiation of DFCs and DPCs was characterized in vitro and in vivo. DFCs and DPCs were individually combined with treated dentin matrix (TDM) before they were subcutaneously implanted into the dorsum of mice for 8 weeks. Results showed that 12 proteins were significantly differential, and phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 (PSAT1), Isoform 2 of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1A) and Isoform 1 of annexin A2 (ANXA2), were the most significantly differential proteins. These proteins are related to regulation of bone balance, angiogenesis and cell survival in an anoxic environment. Both DFCs and DPCs express odontogenic, neurogenic and peridontogenic markers. Histological examination of the harvested grafts showed that both DFCs and DPCs form pulp-dentin/cementum-periodentium-like tissues in vivo. Hence, DFCs and DPCs have similar odontogenic differentiation potential in the presence of TDM. However, differences in glucose and amino acid metabolism signal transduction and protein synthesis were observed for the two cell types. This study expands our understanding on tooth development, and provides direct evidence for the use of alternative cell sources in tooth regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xiangchen Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Mei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Wei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Hang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Weihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- Department of Pedodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (WG); (WT)
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (WG); (WT)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chang PC, Chung MC, Lei C, Chong LY, Wang CH. Biocompatibility of PDGF-simvastatin double-walled PLGA (PDLLA) microspheres for dentoalveolar regeneration: A preliminary study. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012; 100:2970-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2011] [Revised: 04/06/2012] [Accepted: 05/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
11
|
Kiss A, Cucchiarini M, Menger MD, Kohn D, Hannig M, Madry H. Enamel matrix derivative inhibits proteoglycan production and articular cartilage repair, delays the restoration of the subchondral bone and induces changes of the synovial membrane in a lapine osteochondral defect modelin vivo. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2012; 8:41-9. [DOI: 10.1002/term.1495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2011] [Revised: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Kiss
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology; Saarland University Medical Centre; Homburg/Saar Germany
| | - Magali Cucchiarini
- Centre of Experimental Orthopaedics; Saarland University; Homburg/Saar Germany
| | - Michael D. Menger
- Institute für Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery; Saarland University Medical Centre; Homburg/Saar Germany
| | - Dieter Kohn
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Saarland University Medical Centre; Homburg/Saar Germany
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology; Saarland University Medical Centre; Homburg/Saar Germany
| | - Henning Madry
- Centre of Experimental Orthopaedics; Saarland University; Homburg/Saar Germany
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Saarland University Medical Centre; Homburg/Saar Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
The role of regenerative periodontal therapy is the reconstitution of lost periodontal structures, ie, new formation of root cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. The outcome of basic research has pointed to the important role of enamel matrix protein derivative (EMD) in periodontal wound healing. Histologic results from animal and human studies have shown that treatment with EMD promotes periodontal regeneration. Moreover, clinical studies have indicated that treatment with EMD positively influences periodontal wound healing in humans. The goal of this paper is to review the existing literature on EMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vandana J Rathva
- Department of Periodontics, KM Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumandeep University, Gujarat, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sculean A, Alessandri R, Miron R, Salvi GE, Bosshardt DD. Enamel Matrix Proteins and Periodontal Wound Healing and Regeneration. Clin Adv Periodontics 2011; 1:101-117. [DOI: 10.1902/cap.2011.110047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
14
|
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells can effectively regenerate destroyed periodontal tissue. Because periodontal tissues are complex, mesenchymal stem cells that can differentiate into many tissue types would aid periodontal tissue regeneration. Indeed, periodontal tissue regeneration using mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue or bone marrow has been performed in experimental animal models, such as rat, canine, swine, and monkey. We have shown that rat periodontal tissue can be regenerated with adipose-derived stem cells. Adipose tissue contains a large number of stromal cells and is relatively easy to obtain in large quantities, and thus constitutes a very convenient stromal cell source. In this chapter, we introduce a rat periodontal tissue regeneration model using adipose-derived stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morikuni Tobita
- Office of Surgeon General and Director of Medicine, Maritime Staff Office, Ministry of Defense, Tokyo, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Qu Z, Laky M, Ulm C, Matejka M, Dard M, Andrukhov O, Rausch-fan X. Effect of Emdogain on proliferation and migration of different periodontal tissue-associated cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 109:924-31. [PMID: 20399692 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2010.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2009] [Revised: 01/04/2010] [Accepted: 01/12/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although Emdogain is widely used as a gel in periodontal therapy, the exact mechanisms underlying its regenerative ability still need to be further investigated. Therefore, we tested in vitro the effect of the product Emdogain on proliferation, viability, and migration of various human cell types of periodontium. STUDY DESIGN Proliferation and viability of alveolar osteoblasts (AOBs), epithelial cell line HSC-2, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were measured using [(3)H]-thymidine uptake and 3,4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT)-assay, respectively. Cell migration was investigated in microchemotaxis chamber. RESULTS The proliferation and viability of AOB, HSC-2, and HUVECs were significantly stimulated by Emdogain (12.5-250 microg/mL) in direct relationship with the amount of product present in the cell culture medium. Cell migration was stimulated in AOB and HUVECs depending on Emdogain amount. In contrast, in HSC-2 cells the migration was stimulated only by less than 50 microg/mL of Emdogain, whereas at higher amounts this stimulating effect was either diminished or absent. CONCLUSION Emdogain stimulates proliferation, viability, and migration of AOB, HSC-2, and HUVECs in vitro. This biological versatility of Emdogain could correspond to an essential mechanism underlying its ability to promote periodontal regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Qu
- Department of Periodontology, Bernhard Gottlieb University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Song ZC, Shu R, Zhang XL. Cellular responses and expression profiling of human bone marrow stromal cells stimulated with enamel matrix proteins in vitro. Cell Prolif 2009; 43:84-94. [PMID: 19922487 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2009.00656.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate biological effects and gene expression profiles of enamel matrix proteins (EMPs), on human bone marrow stromal cells (HBMSCs), for preliminary understanding of mechanisms involved in promoting periodontal regeneration by EMPs. MATERIALS AND METHODS EMPs were extracted using the acetic acid method, and HBMSCs from human bone marrow aspirates were cultured. Attachment levels, level of cells morphologically attenuated, cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and staining of HBMSCs were measured in the absence and in the presence of EMPs. Microarray analysis was performed to detect gene profiles of HBMSCs by treatment with 200 microg/ml EMPs, for 5 days. Four differential genes were selected for validation of the microarray data using real-time PCR. RESULTS EMPs promoted proliferation and ALP activity of HBMSCs in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and at a concentration of 200 microg/ml significantly enhanced proliferation and ALP expression. However, there were no significant changes between EMP-treated groups and the control group in cell attachment and cell process attenuation levels. Twenty-seven genes were differentially expressed by HBMSCs in the presence of EMPs. Expressions of 18 genes were upregulated and expressions of nine genes were found to be downregulated. There was good consistency between data obtained from the validation group and microarray results. CONCLUSIONS EMPs promoted cell proliferation and differentiation and gene expression profiles of HBMSCs were affected. This may help elucidation of mechanisms involved in promoting regeneration of periodontal tissues by EMPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z C Song
- Department of Periodontology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shimizu H, Nakagami H, Morita S, Tsukamoto I, Osako MK, Nakagami F, Shimosato T, Minobe N, Morishita R. New treatment of periodontal diseases by using NF-kappaB decoy oligodeoxynucleotides via prevention of bone resorption and promotion of wound healing. Antioxid Redox Signal 2009; 11:2065-75. [PMID: 19186992 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2008.2355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) is involved in osteoclast differentiation and activation. Thus, the blockade of the NF-kappaB pathway might be a novel therapeutic strategy for treating bone metabolic diseases. Periodontitis is subgingival inflammation caused by bacterial infection; this disease also is thought to be a chronic focal point responsible for systemic diseases. In this study, NF-kappaB decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) were topically applied for experimental periodontitis in a debris-accumulation model and wound healing in a bone-defect model of beagle dogs to investigate the effect of decoy ODN on bone metabolism. Application of NF-kappaB decoy ODN significantly reduced interleukin-6 activity in crevicular fluid and improved alveolar bone loss in the analysis of dental radiographs and DEXA. Direct measurement of exposed root that lost alveolar bone support revealed that NF-kappaB decoy treatment dramatically protected bone from loss. In a bone-defect model, NF-kappaB decoy ODN promoted the healing process as compared with control scrambled decoy in micro-CT analysis. Overall, inhibition of NF-kappaB by decoy strategy prevented the progression of bone loss in periodontitis and promoted the wound healing in bone defects through the inhibition of osteoclastic bone resorption. Targeting of NF-kappaB might be a potential therapy in various bone metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Shimizu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Guzmán-Martínez N, Silva-Herzog FD, Méndez GV, Martín-Pérez S, Cerda-Cristerna BI, Cohenca N. The effect of Emdogain®and 24% EDTA root conditioning on periodontal healing of replanted dog’s teeth. Dent Traumatol 2009; 25:43-50. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2008.00741.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
19
|
Shi H, Ma J, Zhao N, Chen Y, Liao Y. Periodontal regeneration in experimentally-induced alveolar bone dehiscence by an improved porous biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic in beagle dogs. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2008; 19:3515-3524. [PMID: 18622766 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-008-3524-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2008] [Accepted: 06/20/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Regeneration of lost periodontium is the focus of periodontal therapy. To achieve the effective regeneration, a number of bone graft substitute materials have been developed. This study aimed to investigate the histological response in alveolar bone dehiscences which were filled with an improved biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramic with more reasonable pore diameter, pore wall thickness and porosity. Twenty-four alveolar bone dehiscences were made surgically in twelve beagle dogs by reflecting mucoperiosteal flaps on the buccal aspect of bilateral lower second premolars and removing alveolar bone. The left dehiscences were treated with BCP ceramic and the contralaterals were cured with the open flap debridement (OFD) as controls. Three dogs were used at week 4, 12, and 24 respectively. Histological observations were processed through three-dimensional micro-computed tomographic imaging, fluorescence and light microscopy. The histological study indicated that the biphasic ceramic was biocompatible, and regeneration was achieved more effectively through the BCP treatment. There were also arrest of epithelial migration apically and formation of new bone and cementum, as well as proliferation of fibrous connective tissues that became attached to the newly formed cementum at week 24, while there was no significant periodontal regeneration in the OFD group only with epithelial tissue migrating into the dehiscence regions. Clinically speaking, though the surgical location formed a limitation to the application of the improved BCP on the periodontal regeneration, the actual result was positive. It proved that the BCP had biocompatibility and was able to act as a stable scaffold to induce periodontal regeneration effectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sculean A, Schwarz F, Becker J, Brecx M. The application of an enamel matrix protein derivative (Emdogain) in regenerative periodontal therapy: a review. Med Princ Pract 2007; 16:167-80. [PMID: 17409750 DOI: 10.1159/000100386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2005] [Accepted: 06/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative periodontal therapy aims at reconstitution of the lost periodontal structures such as new formation of root cementum, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Findings from basic research indicate that enamel matrix protein derivative (EMD) has a key role in periodontal wound healing. Histological results from animal and human studies have shown that treatment with EMD promotes periodontal regeneration. Moreover, clinical studies have indicated that treatment with EMD positively influences periodontal wound healing in humans. This review aims to present an overview of evidence-based clinical indications for regenerative therapy with EMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Nemcovsky CE, Zahavi S, Moses O, Kebudi E, Artzi Z, Beny L, Weinreb M. Effect of Enamel Matrix Protein Derivative on Healing of Surgical Supra-Infrabony Periodontal Defects in the Rat Molar: A Histomorphometric Study. J Periodontol 2006; 77:996-1002. [PMID: 16734574 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2006.050317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enamel matrix protein derivative (EMD) has proven to enhance periodontal regeneration in human and animal studies. The present histomorphometric study evaluated healing of combined supra-infrabony periodontal defects with EMD. METHODS The study comprised two groups of 10 Wistar rats each, 7 to 8 months old. Bony defects were created on the mesial aspect of the mesial root of the first maxillary molar. The root surface was planed and 24% EDTA gel applied for 2 minutes and then rinsed with water. In the study group, EMD was applied, and in the control group, only propylene glycol alginate was applied. Animals were sacrificed 12 weeks after surgery, and block sections were removed, demineralized, and embedded in paraffin. For histomorphometric analysis, three sections from the central area of the defect were selected. Root, surgical defect, epithelial attachment, sulcus, supracrestal connective tissue, ankylosis, and the length and area of new cementum and new bone were measured. RESULTS No statistically significant differences between the two groups were found for root and defect measures. The remaining parameters were calculated as a percentage of the defect. In the study group, smaller gingival recession (P = 0.05), deeper gingival sulcus (P = 0.05), and shorter junctional epithelium (P = 0.01) were found. New cementum was observed in the study group only (P = 0.02). Ankylosis was six times larger in the control group but not statistically significant. New bone formation was similar in both groups. CONCLUSION Enamel matrix protein derivative enhanced periodontal healing in this model by reducing gingival recession and junctional epithelium along the root surface and enhancing the formation of new cementum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos E Nemcovsky
- Department of Periodontology, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ashkenazi M, Shaked I. In vitro clonogenic capacity of periodontal ligament fibroblasts cultured with Emdogain. Dent Traumatol 2006; 22:25-9. [PMID: 16422755 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2006.00396.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficiency of Emdogain (EMD) in preserving the size of the periodontal ligament progenitor pool (clonogenic capacity) and in promoting their proliferation. Periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLF) were obtained from explants of young permanent healthy tooth. After initial outgrowth (10 days to 2 weeks following explantation), the culture medium of experimental flasks was replaced with medium supplemented with 100 microg ml(-1) EMD, whereas the other served as controls and were fed with regular medium. Following 5 weeks, the cells were washed (3x), harvested (trypsin + EDTA), and evaluated for their viability. Viable cells from each group were inoculated into six 96-well plates at a concentration of one viable cell per two wells and were allowed to grow for 5 weeks. The percentage of cells with clonogenic capacity was determined as the number of colonies formed/number of cells seeded x 100 in the experimental and control groups. Three degrees of dish area coverage were utilized: up to 25%, between 25% and 75% and higher than 75%. This experiment was repeated four times from four different donors. A total of 2328 cells were evaluated, half of which, were cultured with EMD. The mean percentage of cells (from all donors) who exhibited any clonogenic capacity in the presence of EMD was comparable with that of cells cultured in the absence of EMD: 26.6 +/- 14.3% when compared with 34.6 +/- 20.6% respectively (P = 0.186). Similarly, the percentage of clones that proliferated to cover up to 25% of the well area was comparable in the two groups 7.5 +/- 8.6 for EMD-treated clones and 7.1 +/- 7.8 for untreated clones (P = 0.674). The percentage of clones that proliferated to cover 25% up to 75% of the well area was greater EMD-treated clones as compared with the untreated cells: 8.1 +/- 6.7% vs 3.8 +/- 3%. However this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.277). In contrast, the percentage of clones that covered more than 75% of the well area was significantly lower in the EMD-treated clones when compared with the untreated clones (10.9 +/- 11.1 vs 23.8 +/- 14.7; P = 0.022) . In conclusion, EMD decreased the percentage of PDLF with capabilities of arising colonies with 75-100% confluency probably by increasing their differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malka Ashkenazi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang HL, Greenwell H, Fiorellini J, Giannobile W, Offenbacher S, Salkin L, Townsend C, Sheridan P, Genco RJ. Position Paper: Periodontal Regeneration. J Periodontol 2005; 76:1601-22. [PMID: 16171453 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2005.76.9.1601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Untreated periodontal disease leads to tooth loss through destruction of the attachment apparatus and tooth-supporting structures. The goals of periodontal therapy include not only the arrest of periodontal disease progression,but also the regeneration of structures lost to disease where appropriate. Conventional surgical approaches (e.g., flap debridement) continue to offer time-tested and reliable methods to access root surfaces,reduce periodontal pockets, and attain improved periodontal form/architecture. However, these techniques offer only limited potential towards recovering tissues destroyed during earlier disease phases. Recently, surgical procedures aimed at greater and more predictable regeneration of periodontal tissues and functional attachment close to their original level have been developed, analyzed, and employed in clinical practice. This paper provides a review of the current understanding of the mechanisms, cells, and factors required for regeneration of the periodontium and of procedures used to restore periodontal tissues around natural teeth. Targeted audiences for this paper are periodontists and/or researchers with an interest in improving the predictability of regenerative procedures. This paper replaces the version published in 1993.
Collapse
|