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Wang Y, Liu Q, Liu Y, Qiao W, Zhao J, Cao H, Liu Y, Chen L. Advances in the composition, efficacy, and mimicking of human milk phospholipids. Food Funct 2024. [PMID: 38787648 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00539b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Phospholipids are the essential components of human milk, contributing to the enhancement of cognitive development, regulation of immune functions, and mitigation of elevated cholesterol levels. Infant formulas supplemented with phospholipids can change the composition, content, and globule membrane structure of milk lipids, improving their digestive properties and nutritional value. However, mimicking phospholipids in infant formulas is currently limited, and the supplemented standards of phospholipid species and amounts in infant formulas are unknown. Consequently, there is a significant difference between the phospholipids in infant formulas and those in human milk. This article reviews the recent progress in human milk phospholipid research, aiming to describe the composition, content, and positive effects of human milk phospholipids, as well as summarises the dietary sources of phospholipid supplementation and the current state of human milk phospholipid mimicking in infant formulas. This review provides clear directions for research on mimicking human milk phospholipids and evaluating the nutritional functions of phospholipids in infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuru Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Food Science College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Food Science College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
| | - Yan Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
| | - Weicang Qiao
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
| | - Junying Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
| | - Huiru Cao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Food Science College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
| | - Yan Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
| | - Lijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Food Science College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
- Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., No. 8, Yingchang Street 100076, Yinghai Town, Daxing District, Beijing, China.
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Chaudron Y, Boyer C, Marmonier C, Plourde M, Vachon A, Delplanque B, Taouis M, Pifferi F. A vegetable fat-based diet delays psychomotor and cognitive development compared with maternal dairy fat intake in infant gray mouse lemurs. Commun Biol 2024; 7:609. [PMID: 38769408 PMCID: PMC11106064 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06255-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Dairy fat has a unique lipid profile; it is rich in short- and medium-chain saturated fatty acids that induce ketone production and has a balanced ω6/ω3 ratio that promotes cognitive development in early life. Moreover, the high consumption of vegetable oils in pregnant and lactating women raises concerns regarding the quality of lipids provided to offspring. Here, we investigate maternal dairy fat intake during gestation and lactation in a highly valuable primate model for infant nutritional studies, the gray mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus). Two experimental diets are provided to gestant mouse lemurs: a dairy fat-based (DF) or vegetable fat-based diet (VF). The psychomotor performance of neonates is tested during their first 30 days. Across all tasks, we observe more successful neonates born to mothers fed a DF diet. A greater rate of falls is observed in 8-day-old VF neonates, which is associated with delayed psychomotor development. Our findings suggest the potential benefits of lipids originating from a lactovegetarian diet compared with those originating from a vegan diet for the psychomotor development of neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohann Chaudron
- UMR CNRS MNHN 7179, 1 avenue du Petit Château, 91800, Brunoy, France.
| | - Constance Boyer
- Centre national interprofessionnel de l'économie laitière, 42 rue de Châteaudun, 75314, Paris cedex 09, France
| | - Corinne Marmonier
- Centre national interprofessionnel de l'économie laitière, 42 rue de Châteaudun, 75314, Paris cedex 09, France
| | - Mélanie Plourde
- Centre de Recherche sur le Vieillissement, CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, 1036 Belvédère sud, Sherbrooke, J1H 4C4, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Annick Vachon
- Centre de Recherche sur le Vieillissement, CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, 1036 Belvédère sud, Sherbrooke, J1H 4C4, Canada
| | - Bernadette Delplanque
- UMR 9197, Paris-Saclay Institute of Neurosciences (NeuroPSI), University of Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 151 route de la Rotonde, F-91400, Saclay, France
| | - Mohammed Taouis
- UMR 9197, Paris-Saclay Institute of Neurosciences (NeuroPSI), University of Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 151 route de la Rotonde, F-91400, Saclay, France
| | - Fabien Pifferi
- UMR CNRS MNHN 7179, 1 avenue du Petit Château, 91800, Brunoy, France.
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Nasri K, Ben Jamaa N, Gaigi SS, Feki M, Marrakchi R. Association of MTHFR (C677T, A1298C) and MTRR A66G polymorphisms with fatty acids profile and risk of neural tube defects. Birth Defects Res 2024; 116:e2333. [PMID: 38716581 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to determine if 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR C677T and A1298C) and methionine synthase reductase (MTRR A66G) gene polymorphisms were associated with fatty acid (FA) levels in mothers of fetuses with neural tube defects (NTDs) and whether these associations were modified by environmental factors. METHODS Plasma FA composition was assessed using capillary gas chromatography. Concentrations of studied FA were compared between 42 mothers of NTDs fetuses and 30 controls as a function of each polymorphism by the Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test. RESULTS In MTHFR gene C677T polymorphism, cases with (CT + TT) genotype had lower monounsaturated FAs (MUFA) and omega-3 polyunsaturated FA (n-3 PUFA) levels, but higher omega-6 polyunsaturated FAs (n-6 PUFA) and omega-6 polyunsaturated FAs: omega-3 polyunsaturated FAs (n-6:n-3) ratio levels. In MTRR gene A66G polymorphism, cases with (AG + GG) genotype had lower MUFA levels, but higher PUFA and n-6 PUFA levels. Controls with (AG + GG) genotype had lower n-6 PUFA levels. In MTHFR gene C677T polymorphism, cases with smoking spouses and (CT + TT) genotype had lower MUFA and n-3 PUFA levels, but higher PUFA, n-6 PUFA, and n-6:n-3 ratio levels. Cases with (CT + TT) genotype and who used sauna during pregnancy had lower n-3 PUFA levels. In MTRR gene A66G polymorphism, cases with (AG + GG) genotype and who used sauna during pregnancy had higher PUFA and n-6 PUFA levels. CONCLUSIONS Further research is required to clarify the association of FA metabolism and (MTHFR, MTRR) polymorphisms with NTDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaouther Nasri
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Bizerte, Tunisia
- Service of Embryo-Fetopathology, Center for Maternity and Neonatology of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nadia Ben Jamaa
- Department of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Soumeya Siala Gaigi
- Service of Embryo-Fetopathology, Center for Maternity and Neonatology of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Moncef Feki
- Department of Biochemistry, Rabta Hospital, Tunis El Manar University Jebbari, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Raja Marrakchi
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, Immunology and Pathology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
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Péron M, Gonzalvez R, Hue S, Soudant P, Le Grand F, Mazurais D, Vagner M. Spatial and ontogenetic modulation of fatty acid composition in juvenile European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) from two French estuaries. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 197:106456. [PMID: 38522120 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluated how estuary of origin and ontogenetic stage influence the fatty acid (FA) composition in the tissues of wild European sea bass juvenile. We evidenced tissue-specific patterns, with the brain exhibiting a distinct FA composition from the liver and muscle. Ontogenetic stage and estuary influenced the general FA profile, and particularly the essential FA (EFA) like docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and arachidonic acid (ARA) in all tissues. The data also revealed the ability of wild sea bass to modulate, at the molecular level, FA biosynthesis pathways and suggest a potential dietary DHA limitation in the natural environment. The distribution of FA within tissues might reflect shifts in diet, metabolic demands, or adaptations to environmental conditions. This study provides insights about FA dynamics in euryhaline fish during juvenile life stage, improving our understanding of the metabolism need and EFA trophic availability in a changing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickaël Péron
- Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, UMR 6539, LEMAR, Plouzané, France.
| | - Romain Gonzalvez
- Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, UMR 6539, LEMAR, Plouzané, France
| | - Sarah Hue
- UMR-I 02 SEBIO - Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, Université du Havre Normandie, France
| | - Philippe Soudant
- Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, UMR 6539, LEMAR, Plouzané, France
| | | | - David Mazurais
- Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, UMR 6539, LEMAR, Plouzané, France
| | - Marie Vagner
- Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, UMR 6539, LEMAR, Plouzané, France
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Fan L, Wang X, Szeto IMY, Liu B, Sinclair AJ, Li D. Dietary intake of different ratios of ARA/DHA in early stages and its impact on infant development. Food Funct 2024; 15:3259-3273. [PMID: 38469864 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04629j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4n-6) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) are essential in the development of infants. ARA and DHA from breast milk or infant formula are the main sources of access for infants to meet their physiological and metabolic needs. The ratio of ARA to DHA in breast milk varies among regions and different lactation stages. Different ratios of ARA and DHA mainly from algal oil, animal fat, fish oil, and microbial oil, are added to infant formula in different regions and infant age ranges. Supplementing with appropriate ratios of ARA and DHA during infancy promotes brain, neural, visual, and other development aspects. In this review, we first introduced the current intake status of ARA and DHA in different locations, lactation stages, and age ranges in breast milk and infant formula. Finally, we discussed the effect of different ratios of ARA and DHA on infant development. This review provided a comprehensive research basis for the nutritional research of infants who consume different ratios of ARA and DHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijiao Fan
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Xincen Wang
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | | | - Biao Liu
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Andrew J Sinclair
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC 3168, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC 3152, Australia
| | - Duo Li
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC 3168, Australia
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Pan S, Yu W, Zhang J, Guo Y, Qiao X, Xu P, Zhai Y. Environmental chemical TCPOBOP exposure alters milk liposomes and offspring growth trajectories in mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 272:116061. [PMID: 38340598 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental endocrine disruptors (EEDs) has become a global health concern, and EEDs are known to be potent inducers of constitutive androstane receptor (CAR). 1,4-bis [2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy)] benzene (TCPOBOP, hereafter abbreviated as TC), a specific ligand for CAR, has been considered as a potential EED. Here, we analyzed the effect of TC exposure to female mice on the histological morphology of their alveoli in the basic unit of lactation. We quantified differences in the milk metabolome of the control and TC-exposed group while assessing the correlations between metabolites and neonatal growth. Mammary histological results showed that TC exposure inhibited alveolar development. Based on the milk metabolomic data, we identified a total of 1505 differential metabolites in both the positive and negative ion mode, which indicated that TC exposure affected milk composition. As expected, the differential metabolites were significantly enriched in the drug metabolism pathway. Further analyses revealed that differential metabolites were significantly enriched in multiple lipid metabolic pathways, such as fatty acid biosynthesis, suggesting that most differential metabolites were concentrated in lipids. Simultaneously, a quantitative analysis showed that TC exposure led to a decrease in the relative abundance of total milk lipids, affecting the proportion of some lipid subclasses. Notably, a portion of lipid metabolites were associated with neonatal growth. Taken together, these findings suggest that TC exposure may affect milk lipidomes, resulting in the inability of mothers to provide adequate nutrients, ultimately affecting the growth and health of their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijia Pan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Key Laboratory for Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Wen Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Key Laboratory for Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Jia Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Key Laboratory for Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yuan Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Key Laboratory for Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Xiaoxiao Qiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Key Laboratory for Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| | - Yonggong Zhai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Key Laboratory for Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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Ortlund E, Chen CY, Maner-Smith K, Khadka M, Ahn J, Gulbin X, Ivanova A, Dammer E, Seyfried N, Bennett D, Hajjar I. Integrative brain omics approach reveals key role for sn-1 lysophosphatidylethanolamine in Alzheimer's dementia. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3973736. [PMID: 38464293 PMCID: PMC10925467 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3973736/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The biology of individual lipid species and their relevance in Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains incompletely understood. We utilized non-targeted mass spectrometry to examine brain lipids variations across 316 post-mortem brains from participants in the Religious Orders Study (ROS) or Rush Memory and Aging Project (MAP) cohorts classified as either control, asymptomatic AD (AAD), or symptomatic AD (SAD) and integrated the lipidomics data with untargeted proteomic characterization on the same individuals. Lipid enrichment analysis and analysis of variance identified significantly lower abundance of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) species in SAD than controls or AAD. Lipid-protein co-expression network analyses revealed that lipid modules consisting of LPE and LPC exhibited a significant association to protein modules associated with MAPK/metabolism, post-synaptic density, and Cell-ECM interaction pathways and were associated with better antemortem cognition and with neuropathological changes seen in AD. Particularly, LPE 22:6 [sn-1] levels are significantly decreased across AD cases (SAD) and show the most influence on protein changes compared to other lysophospholipid species. LPE 22:6 may be a lipid signature for AD and could be leveraged as potential therapeutic or dietary targets for AD.
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Gu C, Philipsen MH, Ewing AG. Omega-3 and -6 Fatty Acids Alter the Membrane Lipid Composition and Vesicle Size to Regulate Exocytosis and Storage of Catecholamines. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:816-826. [PMID: 38344810 PMCID: PMC10884999 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The two essential fatty acids, alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid, and the higher unsaturated fatty acids synthesized from them are critical for the development and maintenance of normal brain functions. Deficiencies of these fatty acids have been shown to cause damage to the neuronal development, cognition, and locomotor function. We combined electrochemistry and imaging techniques to examine the effects of the two essential fatty acids on catecholamine release dynamics and the vesicle content as well as on the cell membrane phospholipid composition to understand how they impact exocytosis and by extension neurotransmission at the single-cell level. Incubation of either of the two fatty acids reduces the size of secretory vesicles and enables the incorporation of more double bonds into the cell membrane structure, resulting in higher membrane flexibility. This subsequently affects proteins regulating the dynamics of the exocytotic fusion pore and thereby affects exocytosis. Our data suggest a possible pathway whereby the two essential fatty acids affect the membrane structure to impact exocytosis and provide a potential treatment for diseases and impairments related to catecholamine signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyi Gu
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 41390 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mai H Philipsen
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 41390 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andrew G Ewing
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 41390 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Baqueiro MDN, Simino LADP, Costa JP, Panzarin C, Reginato A, Torsoni MA, Ignácio-Souza L, Milanski M, Ross MG, Coca KP, Desai M, Torsoni AS. Sex-Dependent Variations in Hypothalamic Fatty Acid Profile and Neuropeptides in Offspring Exposed to Maternal Obesity and High-Fat Diet. Nutrients 2024; 16:340. [PMID: 38337626 PMCID: PMC10857148 DOI: 10.3390/nu16030340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity and/or high-fat diet (HF) consumption can disrupt appetite regulation in their offspring, contributing to transgenerational obesity and metabolic diseases. As fatty acids (FAs) play a role in appetite regulation, we investigated the maternal and fetal levels of FAs as potential contributors to programmed hyperphagia observed in the offspring of obese dams. Female mice were fed either a control diet (CT) or HF prior to mating, and fetal and maternal blood and tissues were collected at 19 days of gestation. Elevated levels of linoleic acid were observed in the serum of HF dams as well as in the serum of their fetuses. An increased concentration of eicosadienoic acid was also detected in the hypothalamus of female HF-O fetuses. HF-O male fetuses showed increased hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (Npy) gene expression, while HF-O female fetuses showed decreased hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) protein content. Both male and female fetuses exhibited reduced hypothalamic neurogenin 3 (NGN-3) gene expression. In vitro experiments confirmed that LA contributed to the decreased gene expression of Pomc and Ngn-3 in neuronal cells. During lactation, HF female offspring consumed more milk and had a higher body weight compared to CT. In summary, this study demonstrated that exposure to HF prior to and during gestation alters the FA composition in maternal serum and fetal serum and hypothalamus, particularly increasing n-6, which may play a role in the switch from POMC to NPY neurons, leading to increased weight gain in the offspring during lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara da Nóbrega Baqueiro
- Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas, Universidade de Campinas, UNICAMP, Limeira 13484-350, São Paulo, Brazil; (M.d.N.B.); (L.A.d.P.S.); (J.P.C.); (C.P.); (A.R.); (M.A.T.); (L.I.-S.); (M.M.)
| | - Laís Angélica de Paula Simino
- Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas, Universidade de Campinas, UNICAMP, Limeira 13484-350, São Paulo, Brazil; (M.d.N.B.); (L.A.d.P.S.); (J.P.C.); (C.P.); (A.R.); (M.A.T.); (L.I.-S.); (M.M.)
| | - João Paulo Costa
- Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas, Universidade de Campinas, UNICAMP, Limeira 13484-350, São Paulo, Brazil; (M.d.N.B.); (L.A.d.P.S.); (J.P.C.); (C.P.); (A.R.); (M.A.T.); (L.I.-S.); (M.M.)
| | - Carolina Panzarin
- Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas, Universidade de Campinas, UNICAMP, Limeira 13484-350, São Paulo, Brazil; (M.d.N.B.); (L.A.d.P.S.); (J.P.C.); (C.P.); (A.R.); (M.A.T.); (L.I.-S.); (M.M.)
| | - Andressa Reginato
- Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas, Universidade de Campinas, UNICAMP, Limeira 13484-350, São Paulo, Brazil; (M.d.N.B.); (L.A.d.P.S.); (J.P.C.); (C.P.); (A.R.); (M.A.T.); (L.I.-S.); (M.M.)
| | - Marcio Alberto Torsoni
- Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas, Universidade de Campinas, UNICAMP, Limeira 13484-350, São Paulo, Brazil; (M.d.N.B.); (L.A.d.P.S.); (J.P.C.); (C.P.); (A.R.); (M.A.T.); (L.I.-S.); (M.M.)
| | - Letícia Ignácio-Souza
- Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas, Universidade de Campinas, UNICAMP, Limeira 13484-350, São Paulo, Brazil; (M.d.N.B.); (L.A.d.P.S.); (J.P.C.); (C.P.); (A.R.); (M.A.T.); (L.I.-S.); (M.M.)
| | - Marciane Milanski
- Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas, Universidade de Campinas, UNICAMP, Limeira 13484-350, São Paulo, Brazil; (M.d.N.B.); (L.A.d.P.S.); (J.P.C.); (C.P.); (A.R.); (M.A.T.); (L.I.-S.); (M.M.)
| | - Michael G. Ross
- Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; (M.G.R.); (M.D.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Kelly Pereira Coca
- Ana Abrao Breastfeeding Center, Escola Paulista de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo 04037-001, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Mina Desai
- Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; (M.G.R.); (M.D.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Adriana Souza Torsoni
- Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas, Universidade de Campinas, UNICAMP, Limeira 13484-350, São Paulo, Brazil; (M.d.N.B.); (L.A.d.P.S.); (J.P.C.); (C.P.); (A.R.); (M.A.T.); (L.I.-S.); (M.M.)
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10
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Welty FK, Daher R, Garelnabi M. Fish and Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Sex and Racial Differences in Cardiovascular Outcomes and Cognitive Function. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:89-107. [PMID: 37916414 PMCID: PMC10794037 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.318125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cognitive decline are common features of aging. One in 5 deaths is cardiac for both men and women in the United States, and an estimated 50 million are currently living with dementia worldwide. In this review, we summarize sex and racial differences in the role of fish and its very long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), in preventing CVD events and cognitive decline. In prospective studies, women with higher nonfried and fatty fish intake and women and Black individuals with higher plasma levels of EPA and DHA had a lower risk of CVD. In randomized controlled trials of EPA and DHA supplementation in primary CVD prevention, Black subjects benefited in a secondary outcome. In secondary CVD prevention, both men and women benefited, and Asians benefited as a prespecified subgroup. Fish and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are associated with prevention of cognitive decline in prospective studies. In randomized controlled trials of EPA and DHA supplementation, women have cognitive benefit. DHA seems more beneficial than EPA, and supplementation is more beneficial when started before cognitive decline. Although studies in women and racial groups are limited, life-long intake of nonfried and fatty fish lowers the risk of CVD and cognitive decline, and randomized controlled trials also show the benefit of EPA and DHA supplementation. These findings should be factored into recommendations for future research and clinical recommendations as dietary modalities could be cost-effective for disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine K Welty
- Division of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston (F.K.W.)
| | - Ralph Daher
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cooper University Healthcare, Camden, NJ (R.D.)
| | - Mahdi Garelnabi
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, U Mass Lowell Center for Population Health, University of Massachusetts (M.G.)
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11
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Sun Z, Qian J, Fang Y, Liu M, Li Y, Gong F, Yan G, Song J, Ni H, Yu L. The Enrichment of Docosahexaenoic Acid from Microalgal Oil by Urea Complexation via Rotary-evaporation Crystallization. J Oleo Sci 2024; 73:311-319. [PMID: 38432995 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess23179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Urea complexation is a widely used method for enriching polyunsaturated fatty acids, and cooling is the traditional approach for urea crystallization. This study aimed to investigate the potential of rotary-evaporation under vacuum as an alternative method for urea crystallization in urea complexation to enrich docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). DHA-containing microalgal oil was converted to ethyl esters (EE) as the raw material. In comparison to cooling, rotary-evaporation crystallization, as a post-treatment method for urea complexation, led to higher DHA contents in the non-urea included fractions. The ratios of urea to EE converted from DHA-containing microalgal oil was found to be the primary factors influencing urea complexation when using rotary-evaporation crystallization. Through an orthogonal test, optimal process conditions were determined, including a urea/EE ratio of 2, an ethanol/urea ratio of 7, and a rotary-evaporation temperature of 75℃. Under these conditions, a concentrate containing more than 90% DHA could be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaomin Sun
- College of Marine Biology, Xiamen Ocean Vocational College
- Weihai Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Lipids
| | - Jianhua Qian
- College of Marine Biology, Xiamen Ocean Vocational College
| | - Yuanyuan Fang
- College of Marine Biology, Xiamen Ocean Vocational College
| | - Meng Liu
- College of Marine Biology, Xiamen Ocean Vocational College
| | - Ying Li
- College of Marine Biology, Xiamen Ocean Vocational College
| | - Feifei Gong
- College of Marine Biology, Xiamen Ocean Vocational College
| | - Guangyu Yan
- College of Marine Biology, Xiamen Ocean Vocational College
| | - Jinping Song
- Weihai Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Lipids
- Research and Development Center, Weihai Boow Foods Co., Ltd
| | - Hui Ni
- College of Marine Biology, Xiamen Ocean Vocational College
| | - Lei Yu
- College of Marine Biology, Xiamen Ocean Vocational College
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12
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Gao X, Cao S, Chen R, Fei F, Li W, Zhang X, Zhu Z, Liu B. A Comprehensive Biochemical Characterization of Hybrid Grouper Larvae ( Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus♂) during Yolk-Sac Larval Development. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3801. [PMID: 38136838 PMCID: PMC10740658 DOI: 10.3390/ani13243801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the shifts in the biochemical composition of hybrid grouper during the early larval stages, we collected samples at various developmental milestones, spanning from newly hatched larvae (stage I) to 4 days after hatching (stage V). Our findings revealed several notable trends: (1) The total length of hybrid grouper larvae exhibited a significant increase as the yolk-sac absorption progressed from stage I to V. Concurrently, there was a marked decrease in yolk volume and oil volume during the transition from stage I to III, followed by a gradual decline from stage III to V. (2) Dry weight and total lipid content displayed a rapid reduction throughout the larval development period, while the total protein content exhibited a declining trend. (3) The concentrations of triacylglycerols and wax esters/steryl esters decreased considerably, particularly at stage V. However, no differences were observed among the contents of ketones, hydrocarbons, and sterols. (4) As yolk-sac larvae developed from stage I to V, a significant reduction was observed in the levels of essential amino acids (EAAs), such as leucine, valine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, glycine, alanine, serine, proline, and tyrosine. This trend was also observed for non-EAAs and total amino acids, with fluctuations in the content of other amino acids. (5) There was a significant decrease in the levels of specific fatty acids, including C16:0, saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), C18:0, 18:1n-9, and C20:4n-6. In contrast, the contents of C22:6n-3, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), n-3 PUFA, n-6 PUFA, and the combination of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) + eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), as well as the DHA/EPA ratio, remained stable from stage I to III but declined thereafter. (6) During the early developmental stages, the utilization sequence of fatty acids followed a pattern of prioritizing SFAs, followed by MUFAs, n-6 PUFA, and n-3 PUFA. These findings provide further insights into the nutritional priorities of hybrid grouper larvae during their early development, with a particular emphasis on lipids and fatty acids as vital energy sources. Additionally, our results highlight variations in the efficiency of utilization among different types of fatty acids, while protein utilization remained relatively stable, characterized by the selective consumption of amino acid content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (X.G.); (S.C.); (F.F.); (W.L.); (X.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Shuquan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (X.G.); (S.C.); (F.F.); (W.L.); (X.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Rongjie Chen
- Laizhou Marine Development and Fisheries Service Center, Yantai 261400, China;
| | - Fan Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (X.G.); (S.C.); (F.F.); (W.L.); (X.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Wenyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (X.G.); (S.C.); (F.F.); (W.L.); (X.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Xianhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (X.G.); (S.C.); (F.F.); (W.L.); (X.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhiwen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (X.G.); (S.C.); (F.F.); (W.L.); (X.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Baoliang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (X.G.); (S.C.); (F.F.); (W.L.); (X.Z.); (Z.Z.)
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13
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Bruun TS, Madsen AH, Handberg ER, Dall J, Jensen SK, Østrup E, Strathe AV. The effect of dietary omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on fetal growth, piglet birth weight and plasma fatty acid concentrations, using docosahexaenoic acid in early gestation in sows. Anim Reprod Sci 2023; 259:107380. [PMID: 38006638 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2023.107380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to test the effect of the omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on fetal and placental development as well as the birth weight of piglets. A total of 238 multiparous sows were allocated to either a control diet group or a DHA diet group with an omega-6 to omega-3 ratio of 9.8 and 2.4, respectively, from mating to day 43 of gestation. A blood sample was collected and back fat thickness was measured prior to mating, on days 14, 42 and 112 of gestation. On day 43 of gestation, 14 sows were slaughtered and measurements of fetuses and placentas were taken. Piglets in some litters were weighed individually at farrowing. Dietary treatment did not affect fetal characteristics and back fat thickness (P > 0.05). Dietary treatment increased the plasma concentrations of total omega-3 fatty acids in sows (P < 0.05). Sows fed the DHA diet had a shorter gestation length compared to the control sows (P < 0.05), but the number of born piglets was not affected (P > 0.05). The average piglet birth weight and the within-litter variation in birthweight were unaffected by dietary DHA (P > 0.05), however, sows fed DHA diet had fewer piglets under 800 g at birth compared to control sows (P < 0.05). In conclusion, addition of DHA decreased the dietary ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids, increased plasma n-3 fatty acid concentrations in sows and decreased the number of piglets weighing under 800 g at birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S Bruun
- SEGES Innovation, Agro Food Park 15, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Anja H Madsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 3, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Emilie R Handberg
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 3, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Jacob Dall
- Vilofoss, Ballesvej 2, 7000 Fredericia, Denmark
| | - Søren K Jensen
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Esben Østrup
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 3, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Anja V Strathe
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 3, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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14
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Sefidabi R, Alizadeh A, Alipour S, Omranipour R, Shahhoseini M, Izadi A, Vesali S, Moini A. Fatty acid profiles and Delta9 desaturase (stearoyl-CoA desaturase; SCD 1) expression in adipose tissue surrounding benign and malignant breast tumors. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20658. [PMID: 37885725 PMCID: PMC10598486 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The progression of tumors occurs through interactions between the tumor and the stroma. Understanding the role of adipose tissue (AT), as the main component of the breast tumor microenvironment (TME) in the development of cancer, is crucial for the early detection of breast cancer (BC). This study compared the FA profiles, desaturase index (DI), and stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) mRNA levels in the AT that surrounds tumors in women with BC and benign breast disease (BBD). Specimens were collected from 40 Iranian women who had undergone breast surgery. These women were age- and BMI-matched and were divided into two groups: BC (n = 20) and BBD (n = 20). Gas chromatography and quantitative real-time PCR were used to analyze the FA profiles and SCD1 mRNA levels, respectively. The DI was calculated by dividing the amounts of monounsaturated FAs by the amount of saturated FA. There were no significant differences in age and BMI between women with BC and BBD. The FA profiles and DI were also similar in both groups. However, mRNA levels of SCD1 were found to be 5 times higher in the breast AT of BC than in the breast AT of BBD (p < 0.0001). We showed that SCD1 was significantly upregulated in the AT surrounding BC tumors, even though the DI and FA profiles were unchanged compared to those in the AT of BBD patients. It is important to note that the breast AT of women with BBD has previously been overlooked and warrants further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Sefidabi
- Breast Diseases Research Center (BDRC), Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - AliReza Alizadeh
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadaf Alipour
- Breast Diseases Research Center (BDRC), Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Surgery, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramesh Omranipour
- Breast Diseases Research Center (BDRC), Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Shahhoseini
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Izadi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Vesali
- Department of Basic and Population Based Studies in NCD, Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashraf Moini
- Breast Diseases Research Center (BDRC), Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Pinar-Martí A, Fernández-Barrés S, Gignac F, Persavento C, Delgado A, Romaguera D, Lázaro I, Ros E, López-Vicente M, Salas-Salvadó J, Sala-Vila A, Júlvez J. Red blood cell omega-3 fatty acids and attention scores in healthy adolescents. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023; 32:2187-2195. [PMID: 35960396 PMCID: PMC10576734 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-02064-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Omega-3 fatty acids are critical for brain function. Adolescence is increasingly believed to entail brain vulnerability to dietary intake. In contrast to the abundant research on the omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in cognition, research on DHA and attention in healthy adolescents is scarce. In addition, the role of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), the vegetable omega-3 fatty acid, is unexplored. We examined associations between DHA and ALA and attention function among a healthy young population. In this cross-sectional study conducted in 372 adolescents (13.8 ± 0.9 years-old), we determined the red blood cell proportions of DHA and ALA by gas chromatography (objective biomarkers of their long-term dietary intake) and measured attention scores through the Attention Network Test. We constructed multivariable linear regression models to analyze associations, controlling for known confounders. Compared to participants at the lowest DHA tertile (reference), those at the highest DHA tertile showed significantly lower hit reaction time-standard error (higher attentiveness) (28.13 ms, 95% confidence interval [CI] = - 52.30; - 3.97), lower hit reaction time ( - 38.30 ms, 95% CI = - 73.28; - 3.33) and lower executive conflict response ( - 5.77 ms, 95% CI = - 11.44; - 0.09). In contrast, higher values were observed in those at the top tertile of ALA in hit reaction time compared to the lowest one (46.14 ms, 95% CI = 9.90; 82.34). However, a beneficial association was observed for ALA, with decreasing impulsivity index across tertiles. Overall, our results suggest that DHA (reflecting its dietary intake) is associated with attention performance in typically developing adolescents. The role of dietary ALA in attention is less clear, although higher blood levels of ALA appear to result in lower impulsivity. Future intervention studies are needed to determine the causality of these associations and to better shape dietary recommendations for brain health during the adolescence period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna Pinar-Martí
- Unversitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Silvia Fernández-Barrés
- Unversitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología Y Salud Pública, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Florence Gignac
- Unversitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Cecilia Persavento
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Anna Delgado
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Dora Romaguera
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de La Obesidad Y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Iolanda Lázaro
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- CIBER Fisiopatología de La Obesidad Y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Clínic, Biomedical Research Institute August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica López-Vicente
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de La Obesidad Y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus (Tarragona), Catalonia, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Aleix Sala-Vila
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
- The Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Jordi Júlvez
- Unversitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- CIBER Epidemiología Y Salud Pública, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus (Tarragona), Catalonia, Spain.
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
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16
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Xu WH, Chen YR, Tian HM, Chen YF, Gong JY, Yu HT, Liu GL, Xie L. Effects of dietary PUFA patterns and FADS genotype on breast milk PUFAs in Chinese lactating mothers. GENES & NUTRITION 2023; 18:16. [PMID: 37880594 PMCID: PMC10598896 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-023-00735-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breastfeeding affects the growth and development of infants, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play a crucial role in this process. To explore the factors influencing the PUFA concentration in breast milk, we conducted research on two aspects: dietary fatty acid patterns and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in maternal fatty acid desaturase genes. METHODS Three hundred seventy Chinese Han lactating mothers were recruited. A dietary semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to investigate the dietary intake of lactating mothers from 22 to 25 days postpartum for 1 year. Meanwhile, breast milk samples were collected from the participants and tested for the concentrations of 8 PUFAs and 10 SNP genotypes. We sought to determine the effect of dietary PUFA patterns and SNPs on breast milk PUFAs. We used SPSS 24.0 statistical software for data analysis. Statistical tests were all bilateral tests, with P < 0.05 as statistically significant. RESULTS Under the same dietary background, PUFA contents in breast milk expressed by most major allele homozygote mothers tended to be higher than that expressed by their counterparts who carried minor allele genes. Moreover, under the same gene background, PUFA contents in breast milk expressed by the mother's intake of essential PUFA pattern tended to be higher than that expressed by their counterparts who took the other two kinds of dietary. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that different genotypes and dietary PUFA patterns affect PUFA levels in breast milk. We recommend that lactating mothers consume enough essential fatty acids to ensure that their infants ingest sufficient PUFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hui Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No. 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yi-Ru Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, China-Japan, Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130032, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hui-Min Tian
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yi-Fei Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No. 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jia-Yu Gong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No. 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hai-Tao Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No. 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Guo-Liang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No. 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No. 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China.
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17
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Carré C, Acar N, Daruich A, Grégoire S, Martine L, Buteau B, Aho S, Eid P, Arnould L, Bron AM, Driessen M, Kermorvant E, Simon E, Creuzot-Garcher C, Gabrielle PH. Study protocol of OmegaROP-2 prospective study: expression of placental fatty acid receptors in preterm newborns with retinopathy of prematurity. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:404. [PMID: 37803473 PMCID: PMC10559396 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-03156-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incomplete vascularization of the retina in preterm infants carries a risk of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Progress in neonatal resuscitation in developing countries has led to the survival of an increasing number of premature infants, resulting in an increased rate of ROP and consequently in visual disability. Strategies to reduce ROP involve optimizing oxygen saturation, nutrition, and normalizing factors such as insulin-like growth factor 1 and n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA). Our previous study, OmegaROP, showed that there is an accumulation or retention of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in mothers of infants developing ROP, suggesting abnormalities in the LC-PUFA placental transfer via fatty acid transporting proteins. The present study aims to better understand the LC-PUFA transport dysfunction in the fetoplacental unit during pregnancy and to find a novel target for the prevention of ROP development. METHODS The study protocol is designed to evaluate the correlation between the expression level of placental fatty acid receptors and ROP occurrence. This ongoing study will include 100 mother-infant dyads: mother-infant dyads born before 29 weeks of gestational age (GA) and mother-infant dyads with full-term pregnancies. Recruitment is planned over a period of 46 months. Maternal and cord blood samples as well as placental tissue samples will be taken following delivery. ROP screening will be performed using wide-field camera imaging according to the International Classification of ROP consensus statement. DISCUSSION The results of this study will have a tangible impact on public health. Indeed, if we show a correlation between the expression level of placental omega-3 receptors and the occurrence of ROP, it would be an essential step in discovering novel pathophysiological mechanisms involved in this retinopathy. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT04819893.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Carré
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dijon University Hospital, 14 Rue Paul Gaffarel, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Niyazi Acar
- Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Centre Des Sciences du Goût Et de L'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | | | - Stéphane Grégoire
- Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Centre Des Sciences du Goût Et de L'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Lucy Martine
- Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Centre Des Sciences du Goût Et de L'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Bénédicte Buteau
- Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Centre Des Sciences du Goût Et de L'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Serge Aho
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Petra Eid
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dijon University Hospital, 14 Rue Paul Gaffarel, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Louis Arnould
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dijon University Hospital, 14 Rue Paul Gaffarel, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Alain Marie Bron
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dijon University Hospital, 14 Rue Paul Gaffarel, 21000, Dijon, France
- Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Centre Des Sciences du Goût Et de L'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | | | | | - Emmanuel Simon
- Department of Gynecology, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Catherine Creuzot-Garcher
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dijon University Hospital, 14 Rue Paul Gaffarel, 21000, Dijon, France
- Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Centre Des Sciences du Goût Et de L'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Pierre-Henry Gabrielle
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dijon University Hospital, 14 Rue Paul Gaffarel, 21000, Dijon, France.
- Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Centre Des Sciences du Goût Et de L'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
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Khandelwal S, Kondal D, Gupta R, Chaudhry M, Dutta S, Ramakrishnan L, Patil K, Swamy M, Prabhakaran D, Tandon N, Ramakrishnan U, Stein AD. Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation in Lactating Women Increases Breast Milk and Erythrocyte Membrane Docosahexaenoic Acid Concentrations and Alters Infant n-6:n-3 Fatty Acid Ratio. Curr Dev Nutr 2023; 7:102010. [PMID: 37877035 PMCID: PMC10590723 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2023.102010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Low concentrations of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or high n-6 (ω-6):n-3 ratio in pregnant women is associated with poor fetal growth velocity and suboptimal neurodevelopment. However, there is a lack of data on levels of important n-6 and n-3 fatty acids (FAs) at different time points during pregnancy and lactation from India. Data on how much DHA is transferred during actual supplementation are also scarce. Objectives We report the concentrations of n-6 and n-3 FAs in maternal and infant blood and in breast milk following maternal supplementation with DHA or placebo. Methods A total of 957 pregnant women (≤20 wk) from Belagavi, Karnataka, were randomly assigned to receive either 400 mg/d of algal DHA or placebo through 6 mo postpartum. Blood samples were collected from the mother at recruitment/baseline, delivery, and 6 mo postpartum and from the infant at birth (cord) and 12 mo (venous). Breast milk samples were collected from a subsample at delivery, 1 mo and 6 mo postpartum. The FA profile was analyzed using gas chromatography. Results The concentration of DHA appeared to be higher in erythrocyte and breast milk samples of the DHA-supplemented group at all subsequent time points. The n-6:n-3 ratio was lower among women in the DHA group at delivery [DHA: 4.08 (1.79); placebo: 5.84 (3.57); P < 0.001] and at 6 mo postpartum [DHA: 5.34 (2.64); placebo: 7.69 (2.9); P < 0.001]. Infants of DHA-supplemented mothers also had a lower n-6:n-3 ratio at delivery and 12 mo. The n-6:n-3 ratio of breast milk increased from delivery through 1 to 6 mo but remained lower in the DHA-supplemented group than in the placebo. Conclusions Maternal DHA supplementation with 400 mg/d from early pregnancy through 6 mo postpartum significantly increased circulating DHA in breast milk and infant erythrocyte, whereas decreased erythrocyte and breast milk n-6:n-3 ratio. However, maternal supplementation did not get the ratio to the recommended levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Khandelwal
- Department of Public Health Nutrition, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India
- Department of Biostatistics, Centre for Chronic Disease Control, Gurugram, India
| | - Dimple Kondal
- Department of Biostatistics, Centre for Chronic Disease Control, Gurugram, India
| | - Ruby Gupta
- Department of Biostatistics, Centre for Chronic Disease Control, Gurugram, India
| | - Monica Chaudhry
- Department of Public Health Nutrition, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India
| | - Soumam Dutta
- Department of Home Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
- Department of Nutrition, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - Lakshmy Ramakrishnan
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Kamal Patil
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KLE’s J.N. Medical College Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - M.K. Swamy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KLE’s J.N. Medical College Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - Dorairaj Prabhakaran
- Department of Public Health Nutrition, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India
- Department of Biostatistics, Centre for Chronic Disease Control, Gurugram, India
| | - Nikhil Tandon
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Usha Ramakrishnan
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Aryeh D. Stein
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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19
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Lauritzen L, Hegelund ER, Eriksen SE, Niclasen J, Michaelsen KF. Effect of maternal fish oil supplementation during lactation on socioemotional wellbeing and physical activity in 13-year-old children: A randomized clinical trial. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2023; 197:102588. [PMID: 37689008 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Early dietary long-chain n-3PUFA (n-3LCPUFA) may affect brain development. We investigated if fish oil supplementation of lactating mothers affected socioemotional wellbeing in adolescents in a potentially gender-specific manner. At age 13, we invited 92 children of mothers who completed a randomized trial with 1.5 g/d n-3 LCPUFA or olive oil during the first 4 months of lactation and 48 children of mothers with a high habitual fish intake. Children and parents answered validated questionnaires regarding socioemotional wellbeing and physical activity was monitored by ActiGraph for 7 days. Participation rate was 71%. Univariate correlations between children's and parents' ratings on the individual scales were moderate-strong, but correlations across questionnaires indicated that parents might base their ratings on proxy markers. We found no group differences in self-rated socioemotional outcomes or physical activity. Although the study was small, it was the first follow-up on effects of perinatal n-3LCPUFA supply on socioemotional wellbeing in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotte Lauritzen
- Department Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | - Sara E Eriksen
- Department Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Kim F Michaelsen
- Department Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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20
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Hemida M, Rosendahl S, Jokinen TS, Moore R, Vuori KA, Anturaniemi J, Hielm-Björkman A. Assessing the association between supplemented puppyhood dietary fat sources and owner-reported epilepsy in adulthood, among Finnish companion dogs. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1227437. [PMID: 37781290 PMCID: PMC10540444 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1227437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Epilepsy is a serious and common neurological condition in dogs, despite the wide number of antiepileptic drugs available, in approximately one third of the patients, epilepsy remains unsatisfactorily controlled. We aim to analyze whether feeding dietary fat sources during puppyhood was associated with canine epilepsy in adulthood. Methods A nested case-control study was compiled from the validated DogRisk food frequency questionnaire (DogRisk FFQ). DogRisk FFQ collected feeding, disease, and background data about the dog. The study sample consisted of 108 owner-reported epileptic cases and 397 non-epileptic controls. Each case was matched with up to four controls for the key confounding factors of sex, breed, and age. We analyzed associations between feeding as a puppy and owner-reported epilepsy as an adult dog using Cox regression. We tested 55 different food variables. Results We found that feeding fish fat from dietary sources at least once a week during puppyhood was inversely associated with epilepsy in later life in the unadjusted analysis [OR 0.46 (95% CI 0.25-0.83), p=0.01], while when adjusting for keeping conditions and dog characteristics the association was [OR 0.45 (95% CI 0.23-0.88), p=0.02]. When adjusted for keeping conditions, dog characteristics, and other feeding factors, the association was of similar magnitude but not significance [OR 0.56 (95% CI 0.27-1.15), p=0.12]. Discussion The study indicates possible protective associations of feeding the dog with dietary sources of fish fat against epilepsy, although the result could be confounded by other feeding factors. Findings are compatible with current knowledge regarding the role of omega-3 fatty acids and ketogenic diet, a low carbohydrate, high fat diet as supportive treatments of epilepsy. As our findings are based on observations, we suggest the possibility of causality but do not prove it. Dietary intervention studies should now be conducted to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal Hemida
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Sarah Rosendahl
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tarja S. Jokinen
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Robin Moore
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristiina A. Vuori
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Anturaniemi
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Hielm-Björkman
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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21
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Sigh S, Lauritzen L, Wieringa FT, Laillou A, Chamnan C, Stark KD, Roos N. Changes in polyunsaturated fatty acids during treatment of malnourished children may be insufficient to reach required essential fatty acid levels - A randomised controlled trial. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:1778-1787. [PMID: 37572581 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is a global concern. Studies on the impact of ready-to-use therapeutic foods (RUTFs) on polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are almost non-existent. The aim was to investigate the change in whole-blood PUFA and nutrition and health markers among Cambodian children with SAM after treatment with RUTFs. METHODS The trial was an 8-week randomised clinical trial of the effectiveness of locally produced fish-based RUTF (L-RUTF) vs standard milk-based RUFT (S-RUTF). Whole-blood fatty acids were analysed using dried blood spots. Nutrition and health markers were assessed using anthropometric assessment and blood samples for markers of inflammation. The trial was conducted at the National Pediatric Hospital, Phnom Penh, Cambodia, with one hundred and twenty-one 6-59-month-old children in treatment for SAM. RESULTS L-RUTF had a higher content of n-3 PUFA and a higher content of arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), while S-RUTF had the highest content of n-6 PUFA. At baseline, the children presented with a Mead acid level in whole-blood of around 0.08% of total fatty acids (FA%) and an omega-3 index of ∼0.91 ± 0.44. After eight weeks of S-RUTF treatment, linoleic acid (LA), AA, n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio, and Mead acid levels were increased. The L-RUTF intervention did not change the whole-blood PUFAs from baseline. At discharge, the children in the L-RUTF group had a lower n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio than the children in the S-RUTF group, driven by a lower alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) (0.20 vs 0.27 FA%, p = 0.004) and lower LA (15.77 vs 14.21 FA%, p = 0.018) with no significant differences in AA or DHA levels. Weight-for-height z-score at discharge was negatively associated with total PUFA (β -1.4 FA%, 95%CI. -2.7; -0.1), n-6 LCPUFA (β -1.3 FA%, 95%CI. -1.3; -0.3), and AA (β -0.6 FA%, 95%CI. -1.0; -0.2). Age-adjusted height was negatively associated with the Mead acid:AA ratio (β -1.2 FA%, 95%CI. -2.2; -0.2). No significant change was seen in inflammation markers within groups or between groups during treatment, and n-3 and n-6 PUFAs were not associated with markers of inflammation or haemoglobin status at discharge. CONCLUSION The trial found that whole-blood markers of PUFA status were low in children at admission and discharge from SAM treatment, indicating that the currently recommended composition of RUTFs are not able to correct their compromised essential fatty acid status. The higher content of DHA and AA in L-RUTF did not give rise to any improvement in PUFA status. No changes in health markers or associations between PUFA and health markers were found. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02907424.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne Sigh
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Department of Fisheries Post-Harvest Technologies and Quality Control, Fisheries Administration, #186 Preah Norodom Boulevard, 12101 Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
| | - Lotte Lauritzen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Frank T Wieringa
- UMR QualiSud, Institut de Recherche Pour le Développement (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France; Qualisud, University of Montpellier, Avignon University, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de la Réunion, 34394 Montpellier, France.
| | - Arnaud Laillou
- Nutrition Section, UNICEF West and Central Africa Region, Dakar 29720, Senegal.
| | - Chhoun Chamnan
- Department of Fisheries Post-Harvest Technologies and Quality Control, Fisheries Administration, #186 Preah Norodom Boulevard, 12101 Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
| | - Ken D Stark
- University of Waterloo, Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, 200 University Avenue, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canada.
| | - Nanna Roos
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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22
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Coogan M, Xing D, Su B, Alston V, Johnson A, Khan M, Khalil K, Elaswad A, Li S, Wang J, Lu C, Wang W, Hettiarachchi D, Shang M, Hasin T, Qin Z, Cone R, Butts IAE, Dunham RA. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-in of masu salmon (Oncorhyncus masou) elongase gene in the melanocortin-4 (mc4r) coding region of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) genome. Transgenic Res 2023; 32:251-264. [PMID: 37468714 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-023-00346-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, have limited ability to synthesize Ω-3 fatty acids. The ccβA-msElovl2 transgene containing masu salmon, Oncorhynchus masou, elongase gene driven by the common carp, Cyprinus carpio, β-actin promoter was inserted into the channel catfish melanocortin-4 receptor (mc4r) gene site using the two-hit two-oligo with plasmid (2H2OP) method. The best performing sgRNA resulted in a knockout mutation rate of 92%, a knock-in rate of 54% and a simultaneous knockout/knock-in rate of 49%. Fish containing both the ccβA-msElovl2 transgene knock-in and mc4r knockout (Elovl2) were 41.8% larger than controls at 6 months post-hatch (p = 0.005). Mean eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5n-3) levels in Elov2 mutants and mc4r knockout mutants (MC4R) were 121.6% and 94.1% higher than in controls, respectively (p = 0.045; p = 0.025). Observed mean docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n-3) and total EPA + DHA content was 32.8% and 45.1% higher, respectively, in Elovl2 transgenic channel catfish than controls (p = 0.368; p = 0.025). To our knowledge this is the first example of genome engineering to simultaneously target transgenesis and knock-out a gene in a commercially important aquaculture species for multiple improved performance traits. With a high transgene integration rate, improved growth, and higher omega-3 fatty acid content, the use of Elovl2 transgenic channel catfish appears beneficial for application on commercial farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Coogan
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
| | - De Xing
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Baofeng Su
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Veronica Alston
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Andrew Johnson
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Mohd Khan
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Karim Khalil
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Ahmed Elaswad
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Shangjia Li
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Jinhai Wang
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Cuiyu Lu
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Wenwen Wang
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Darshika Hettiarachchi
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Mei Shang
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Tasnuba Hasin
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Zhenkui Qin
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Roger Cone
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ian A E Butts
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Rex A Dunham
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
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23
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Gsoellpointner M, Eibensteiner F, Thanhaeuser M, Ristl R, Jilma B, Berger A, Haiden N. Effects of early introduction of solid foods on nutrient intake in preterm infants during their 1st year of life: a secondary outcome analysis of a prospective, randomized intervention study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1124544. [PMID: 37275631 PMCID: PMC10232899 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1124544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants have higher nutritional needs even after hospital discharge. However, data concerning current nutrient intakes at different time points after the introduction of solid foods and whether dietary reference values are being met are scarce. To adress this issue, this secondary analysis of a prospective, two-arm interventional study in 177 VLBW infants 21 investigates dietary intake comparing early and late (early: 10-12 weeks corrected for gestational age, late: 16-18 weeks corrected for gestational age) introduction of standardized complementary food during the first year of life. Nutritional intake was assessed using self-reported monthly 3-day dietary records from 3 until 12 months, corrected for gestational age. The time point of the introduction of solid foods did not influence nutrient intake, but the early introduction of solids tended toward a higher proportional intake of protein and carbohydrates and a lower intake of fat as a percentage of total energy) during the 1st year of life, corrected for gestational age. The results of this study indicate that this standardized feeding concept was sufficient for zinc, calcium, and phosphorus intake. However, dietary iron and vitamin D intakes did not meet the recommendations. Thus, prolonged iron supplementation should be considered beyond the introduction of meat and vitamin D supplementation at least until 12 months, corrected for gestational age. Trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01809548.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabian Eibensteiner
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Margarita Thanhaeuser
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Robin Ristl
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernd Jilma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Angelika Berger
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadja Haiden
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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24
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Böckmann KA, Bernhard W, Minarski M, Shunova A, Wiechers C, Poets CF, Franz AR. Choline supplementation for preterm infants: metabolism of four Deuterium-labeled choline compounds. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:1195-1205. [PMID: 36460779 PMCID: PMC10030424 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03059-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Supply of choline is not guaranteed in current preterm infant nutrition. Choline serves in parenchyma formation by membrane phosphatidylcholine (PC), plasma transport of poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) via PC, and methylation processes via betaine. PUFA-PC concentrations are high in brain, liver and lung, and deficiency may result in developmental disorders. We compared different deuterated (D9-) choline components for kinetics of D9-choline, D9-betaine and D9-PC. METHODS Prospective study (1/2021-12/2021) in 32 enterally fed preterm infants (28 0/7-32 0/7 weeks gestation). Patients were randomized to receive enterally a single dose of 2.7 mg/kg D9-choline-equivalent as D9-choline chloride, D9-phosphoryl-choline, D9-glycerophosphorylcholine (D9-GPC) or D9-1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-PC(D9-POPC), followed by blood sampling at 1 + 24 h or 12 + 60 h after administration. Plasma concentrations were analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry. Results are expressed as median (25th/75th percentile). RESULTS At 1 h, plasma D9-choline was 1.8 (0.9/2.2) µmol/L, 1.3 (0.9/1.5) µmol/L and 1.2 (0.7/1.4) µmol/L for D9-choline chloride, D9-GPC and D9-phosphoryl-choline, respectively. D9-POPC did not result in plasma D9-choline. Plasma D9-betaine was maximal at 12 h, with lowest concentrations after D9-POPC. Maximum plasma D9-PC values at 12 h were the highest after D9-POPC (14.4 (9.1/18.9) µmol/L), compared to the other components (D9-choline chloride: 8.1 [5.6/9.9] µmol/L; D9-GPC: 8.4 (6.2/10.3) µmol/L; D9-phosphoryl-choline: 9.8 (8.6/14.5) µmol/L). Predominance of D9-PC comprising linoleic, rather than oleic acid, indicated fatty-acyl remodeling of administered D9-POPC prior to systemic delivery. CONCLUSION D9-Choline chloride, D9-GPC and D9-phosphoryl-choline equally increased plasma D9-choline and D9-betaine. D9-POPC shifted metabolism from D9-betaine to D9-PC. Combined supplementation of GPC and (PO) PC may be best suited to optimize choline supply in preterm infants. Due to fatty acid remodeling of (PO) PC during its assimilation, PUFA co-supplementation with (PO) PC may increase PUFA-delivery to critical organs. This study was registered (22.01.2020) at the Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien (DRKS) (German Register for Clinical Studies), DRKS00020502. STUDY REGISTRATION This study was registered at the Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien (DRKS) (German Register for Clinical Studies), DRKS00020502.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin A Böckmann
- Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, Calwer Straße 7, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Bernhard
- Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, Calwer Straße 7, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Michaela Minarski
- Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, Calwer Straße 7, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Anna Shunova
- Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, Calwer Straße 7, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Cornelia Wiechers
- Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, Calwer Straße 7, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christian F Poets
- Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, Calwer Straße 7, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Axel R Franz
- Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, Calwer Straße 7, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
- Center for Pediatric Clinical Studies, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
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25
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Khoury S, Soubeyre V, Cabaret S, Grégoire S, Mézière E, Masson E, Grosmaitre X, Bretillon L, Berdeaux O, Acar N, Le Bon AM. Impact of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake during the perinatal and post-weaning periods on the phospholipid and ganglioside composition of olfactory tissues. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2023; 191:102556. [PMID: 36870298 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
The olfactory mucosa (OM) and olfactory bulb (OB) are neuronal tissues that contribute to the early processing of olfactory information. They contain significant amounts of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which are crucial for neuronal tissue development. In this study, we evaluated the impact of feeding mice diets that are either deficient in α-linolenic acid (ALA) or supplemented with n-3 long-chain PUFAs from gestation to adolescence on the phospholipid and ganglioside composition of these tissues. Both diets modified the levels of some phospholipid classes, notably the phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine levels. In addition, the low-ALA diet enriched n-6 PUFAs in the main phospholipid classes of both tissues, while the diet supplemented with n-3 PUFAs enhanced the n-3 PUFA-containing phospholipid species level, mainly in OM. The diets also modulated the levels and profiles of several ganglioside classes in OM and OB. These modifications may have repercussions on the olfactory sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spiro Khoury
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France; INRAE, PROBE Research Infrastructure, ChemoSens facility, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Vanessa Soubeyre
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Stéphanie Cabaret
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France; INRAE, PROBE Research Infrastructure, ChemoSens facility, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Stéphane Grégoire
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Esther Mézière
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France; INRAE, PROBE Research Infrastructure, ChemoSens facility, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Elodie Masson
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Xavier Grosmaitre
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Lionel Bretillon
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Olivier Berdeaux
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France; INRAE, PROBE Research Infrastructure, ChemoSens facility, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Niyazi Acar
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Anne Marie Le Bon
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim is to provide an update on omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) in preventing cognitive decline and dementia. RECENT FINDINGS Prospective studies and three new meta-analyses suggest that fish or n-3 PUFA intake are associated with a reduction in development of mild cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. Supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in those with mild cognitive impairment showed benefit on cognitive decline, whereas there was no benefit in Alzheimer's disease. In cognitively healthy individuals with clinical coronary artery disease (CAD), 3.36 g EPA and DHA daily slowed cognitive ageing by 2.5 years. Of 15 RCTs in cognitively healthy individuals age more than 55 years, seven reported benefit, whereas eight did not. Potential mechanisms for differences in outcomes include dose, trial duration, apolipoproteinE genotype, sex, stage and rate of cognitive decline, cognitive testing employed and individual characteristics. The downstream product of DHA, neuroprotectin D1, may be involved in beneficial effects. SUMMARY Patients with early memory complaints or a family history of dementia and those with CAD should be counselled on the potential benefits of fish intake and supplementation with n-3 PUFA. ApolipoproteinE4 carriers may especially benefit from DHA supplementation prior to development of cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine K Welty
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Chedid G, Malik A, Amangurbanova M, Khraishah H, Welty FK. Docosahexaenoic Acid Levels and Omega-3 Index, but Not Eicosapentaenoic Acid Levels, Are Associated With Improved Cognition in Cognitively Healthy Subjects With Coronary Artery Disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:382-384. [PMID: 36579646 PMCID: PMC10664152 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.318569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georges Chedid
- The Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon (G.C.)
| | - Abdulaziz Malik
- Division of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (A.M., M.A., H.K., F.K.W.)
| | - Maral Amangurbanova
- Division of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (A.M., M.A., H.K., F.K.W.)
| | - Haitham Khraishah
- Division of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (A.M., M.A., H.K., F.K.W.)
| | - Francine K Welty
- Division of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (A.M., M.A., H.K., F.K.W.)
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28
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Rizzo G, Baroni L, Lombardo M. Promising Sources of Plant-Derived Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: A Narrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20031683. [PMID: 36767052 PMCID: PMC9914036 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are known for their ability to protect against numerous metabolic disorders. The consumption of oily fish is the main source of PUFAs in human nutrition and is commonly used for supplement production. However, seafood is an overexploited source that cannot be guaranteed to cover the global demands. Furthermore, it is not consumed by everyone for ecological, economic, ethical, geographical and taste reasons. The growing demand for natural dietary sources of PUFAs suggests that current nutritional sources are insufficient to meet global needs, and less and less will be. Therefore, it is crucial to find sustainable sources that are acceptable to all, meeting the world population's needs. (2) Scope: This review aims to evaluate the recent evidence about alternative plant sources of essential fatty acids, focusing on long-chain omega-3 (n-3) PUFAs. (3) Method: A structured search was performed on the PubMed search engine to select available human data from interventional studies using omega-3 fatty acids of non-animal origin. (4) Results: Several promising sources have emerged from the literature, such as algae, microorganisms, plants rich in stearidonic acid and GM plants. However, the costs, acceptance and adequate formulation deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Rizzo
- Independent Researcher, Via Venezuela 66, 98121 Messina, Italy
| | - Luciana Baroni
- Scientific Society for Vegetarian Nutrition, 30171 Venice, Italy
| | - Mauro Lombardo
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy
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Molecular Landscape of Tourette's Disorder. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021428. [PMID: 36674940 PMCID: PMC9865021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Tourette's disorder (TD) is a highly heritable childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder and is caused by a complex interplay of multiple genetic and environmental factors. Yet, the molecular mechanisms underlying the disorder remain largely elusive. In this study, we used the available omics data to compile a list of TD candidate genes, and we subsequently conducted tissue/cell type specificity and functional enrichment analyses of this list. Using genomic data, we also investigated genetic sharing between TD and blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metabolite levels. Lastly, we built a molecular landscape of TD through integrating the results from these analyses with an extensive literature search to identify the interactions between the TD candidate genes/proteins and metabolites. We found evidence for an enriched expression of the TD candidate genes in four brain regions and the pituitary. The functional enrichment analyses implicated two pathways ('cAMP-mediated signaling' and 'Endocannabinoid Neuronal Synapse Pathway') and multiple biological functions related to brain development and synaptic transmission in TD etiology. Furthermore, we found genetic sharing between TD and the blood and CSF levels of 39 metabolites. The landscape of TD not only provides insights into the (altered) molecular processes that underlie the disease but, through the identification of potential drug targets (such as FLT3, NAALAD2, CX3CL1-CX3CR1, OPRM1, and HRH2), it also yields clues for developing novel TD treatments.
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30
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Akefe IO, Osborne SL, Matthews B, Wallis TP, Meunier FA. Lipids and Secretory Vesicle Exocytosis. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 33:357-397. [PMID: 37615874 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-34229-5_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the number of studies implicating lipids in the regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis has risen considerably. It has become increasingly clear that lipids such as phosphoinositides, lysophospholipids, cholesterol, arachidonic acid and myristic acid play critical regulatory roles in the processes leading up to exocytosis. Lipids may affect membrane fusion reactions by altering the physical properties of the membrane, recruiting key regulatory proteins, concentrating proteins into exocytic "hotspots" or by modulating protein functions allosterically. Discrete changes in phosphoinositides concentration are involved in multiple trafficking events including exocytosis and endocytosis. Lipid-modifying enzymes such as the DDHD2 isoform of phospholipase A1 were recently shown to contribute to memory acquisition via dynamic modifications of the brain lipid landscape. Considering the increasing reports on neurodegenerative disorders associated with aberrant intracellular trafficking, an improved understanding of the control of lipid pathways is physiologically and clinically significant and will afford unique insights into mechanisms and therapeutic methods for neurodegenerative diseases. Consequently, this chapter will discuss the different classes of lipids, phospholipase enzymes, the evidence linking them to synaptic neurotransmitter release and how they act to regulate key steps in the multi-step process leading to neuronal communication and memory acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac O Akefe
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Shona L Osborne
- ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology (CIBIT), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Benjamin Matthews
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Tristan P Wallis
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Frédéric A Meunier
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
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31
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Badesso S, Cartas-Cejudo P, Espelosin M, Santamaria E, Cuadrado-Tejedor M, Garcia-Osta A. Docosahexaenoic Acid Ameliorates Contextual Fear Memory Deficits in the Tg2576 Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model: Cellular and Molecular Correlates. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010082. [PMID: 36678710 PMCID: PMC9866126 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acid in the brain, is essential for successful aging. In fact, epidemiological studies have demonstrated that increased intake of DHA might lower the risk for developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). These observations are supported by studies in animal models showing that DHA reduces synaptic pathology and memory deficits. Different mechanisms to explain these beneficial effects have been proposed; however, the molecular pathways involved are still unknown. In this study, to unravel the main underlying molecular mechanisms activated upon DHA treatment, the effect of a high dose of DHA on cognitive function and AD pathology was analyzed in aged Tg2576 mice and their wild-type littermates. Transcriptomic analysis of mice hippocampi using RNA sequencing was subsequently performed. Our results revealed that, through an amyloid-independent mechanism, DHA enhanced memory function and increased synapse formation only in the Tg2576 mice. Likewise, the IPA analysis demonstrated that essential neuronal functions related to synaptogenesis, neuritogenesis, the branching of neurites, the density of dendritic spines and the outgrowth of axons were upregulated upon-DHA treatment in Tg2576 mice. Our results suggest that memory function in APP mice is influenced by DHA intake; therefore, a high dose of daily DHA should be tested as a dietary supplement for AD dementia prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Badesso
- Neurosciences Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Paz Cartas-Cejudo
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria Espelosin
- Neurosciences Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Enrique Santamaria
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mar Cuadrado-Tejedor
- Neurosciences Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.C.-T.); (A.G.-O.)
| | - Ana Garcia-Osta
- Neurosciences Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.C.-T.); (A.G.-O.)
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32
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Jeličić L, Veselinović A, Ćirović M, Jakovljević V, Raičević S, Subotić M. Maternal Distress during Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period: Underlying Mechanisms and Child's Developmental Outcomes-A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213932. [PMID: 36430406 PMCID: PMC9692872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal mental health may be considered a determining factor influencing fetal and child development. An essential factor with potentially negative consequences for a child's psychophysiological development is the presence of maternal distress during pregnancy and the postpartum period. The review is organized and presented to explore and describe the effects of anxiety, stress, and depression in pregnancy and the postpartum period on adverse child developmental outcomes. The neurobiology of maternal distress and the transmission mechanisms at the molecular level to the fetus and child are noted. In addition, the paper discusses the findings of longitudinal studies in which early child development is monitored concerning the presence of maternal distress in pregnancy and the postpartum period. This topic gained importance in the COVID-19 pandemic context, during which a higher frequency of maternal psychological disorders was observed. The need for further interdisciplinary research on the relationship between maternal mental health and fetal/child development was highlighted, especially on the biological mechanisms underlying the transmission of maternal distress to the (unborn) child, to achieve positive developmental outcomes and improve maternal and child well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljiljana Jeličić
- Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Research and Development Institute “Life Activities Advancement Institute”, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +381-11-3208-519; Fax: +381-11-2624-168
| | - Aleksandra Veselinović
- Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Research and Development Institute “Life Activities Advancement Institute”, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Ćirović
- Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Research and Development Institute “Life Activities Advancement Institute”, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Jakovljević
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Human Pathology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Saša Raičević
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
- Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Center of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Miško Subotić
- Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Research and Development Institute “Life Activities Advancement Institute”, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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33
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Vallés AS, Barrantes FJ. The synaptic lipidome in health and disease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2022; 1864:184033. [PMID: 35964712 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.184033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Adequate homeostasis of lipid, protein and carbohydrate metabolism is essential for cells to perform highly specific tasks in our organism, and the brain, with its uniquely high energetic requirements, posesses singular characteristics. Some of these are related to its extraordinary dotation of synapses, the specialized subcelluar structures where signal transmission between neurons occurs in the central nervous system. The post-synaptic compartment of excitatory synapses, the dendritic spine, harbors key molecules involved in neurotransmission tightly packed within a minute volume of a few femtoliters. The spine is further compartmentalized into nanodomains that facilitate the execution of temporo-spatially separate functions in the synapse. Lipids play important roles in this structural and functional compartmentalization and in mechanisms that impact on synaptic transmission. This review analyzes the structural and dynamic processes involving lipids at the synapse, highlighting the importance of their homeostatic balance for the physiology of this complex and highly specialized structure, and underscoring the pathologies associated with disbalances of lipid metabolism, particularly in the perinatal and late adulthood periods of life. Although small variations of the lipid profile in the brain take place throughout the adult lifespan, the pathophysiological consequences are clinically manifested mostly during late adulthood. Disturbances in lipid homeostasis in the perinatal period leads to alterations during nervous system development, while in late adulthood they favor the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sofia Vallés
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (UNS-CONICET), 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
| | - Francisco J Barrantes
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biomedical Research (BIOMED), UCA-CONICET, Av. Alicia Moreau de Justo 1600, Buenos Aires C1107AAZ, Argentina.
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Fesharaki-Zadeh A. Oxidative Stress in Traumatic Brain Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113000. [PMID: 36361792 PMCID: PMC9657447 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) remains a major cause of disability worldwide. It involves a complex neurometabolic cascade, including oxidative stress. The products of this manuscript is examining the underlying pathophysiological mechanism, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). This process in turn leads to secondary injury cascade, which includes lipid peroxidation products. These reactions ultimately play a key role in chronic inflammation and synaptic dysfunction in a synergistic fashion. Although there are no FDA approved antioxidant therapy for TBI, there is a number of antioxidant therapies that have been tested and include free radical scavengers, activators of antioxidant systems, inhibitors of free radical generating enzymes, and antioxidant enzymes. Antioxidant therapies have led to cognitive and functional recovery post TBI, and they offer a promising treatment option for patients recovering from TBI. Current major challenges in treatment of TBI symptoms include heterogenous nature of injury, as well as access to timely treatment post injury. The inherent benefits of antioxidant therapies include minimally reported side effects, and relative ease of use in the clinical setting. The current review also provides a highlight of the more studied anti-oxidant regimen with applicability for TBI treatment with potential use in the real clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Fesharaki-Zadeh
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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35
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Sittiprapaporn P, Bumrungpert A, Suyajai P, Stough C. Effectiveness of Fish Oil-DHA Supplementation for Cognitive Function in Thai Children: A Randomized, Doubled-Blind, Two-Dose, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Foods 2022; 11:foods11172595. [PMID: 36076781 PMCID: PMC9455812 DOI: 10.3390/foods11172595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of fish oil (FO) or omega-3 supplementation on cognition has been the subject of several previous clinical trials. However, the effect of different doses taken chronically on cognition in children has not been well studied. In order to address this gap in our knowledge, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. A total of one hundred and twenty healthy, cognitively normal Thai children aged 6–12 years old consumed daily low dose FO (260 mg Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)), high dose FO (520 mg DHA), or placebo (Soybean oil) for 12 weeks. Cognitive function was assessed using a computerized cognitive battery, including the Go/NoGo, N-Back, and Digit Span tests as well as concurrent event-related potentials (ERPs), which together measured attention, processing speed, inhibition, and memory at baseline and 12 weeks. We hypothesized that compared to placebo, the two FO groups would show improved cognitive performance and shorter ERP latencies. In total, 42, 39, and 39 participants completed each of the test (FO-A, FO-B) and placebo groups (P) allocations, respectively, and were analyzed (120 in total across the three groups). No significant differences were observed between reaction times (RTs), accuracy, or error rates for all three of the cognitive tests. The ERP measurement and analysis of brain activity during the cognitive tests showed an increase in ERP amplitude. For all cognitive tests, there was a dose-response effect of FO on ERP amplitudes. These findings indicate that fish oil intake leads to a consistent improvement in attention and cognitive processing ability measured by changes in brain activity during working and long-term memory processes. This is the first study to directly quantify such an effect through simultaneous measurement of manual and mental activity during cognitive tasks following chronic FO use in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phakkharawat Sittiprapaporn
- Neuropsychological Research Laboratory, Department of Anti-Aging and Regenerative Science, School of Anti-Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
- Correspondence: (P.S.); (A.B.); Tel.: +66-266-44361 (P.S.)
| | - Akkarach Bumrungpert
- Research Center of Nutraceuticals and Natural Products for Health & Anti-Aging, College of Integrative Medicine, Dhurakij Pundit University, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
- Correspondence: (P.S.); (A.B.); Tel.: +66-266-44361 (P.S.)
| | - Prayoon Suyajai
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya 13170, Thailand
| | - Con Stough
- Center for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, P.O. Box 218 Hawthorn, Melbourne 3122, Australia
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36
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Marrero M, Monroig Ó, Navarro JC, Ribes-Navarro A, Pérez JA, Galindo A, Rodríguez C. Metabolic and molecular evidence for long-chain PUFA biosynthesis capacity in the grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2022; 270:111232. [PMID: 35580802 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.111232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing interest to understand the capacity of farmed fish species to biosynthesise the physiologically important long-chain (≥C20) n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA), from their C18 PUFA precursors available in the diet. In fish, the LC-PUFA biosynthesis pathways involve sequential desaturation and elongation reactions from α-linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid (LA), catalysed by fatty acyl desaturases (Fads) and elongation of very long-chain fatty acids (Elovl) proteins. Our current understanding of the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) LC-PUFA biosynthetic capacity is limited despite representing the most farmed finfish produced worldwide. To address this knowledge gap, this study first aimed at characterising molecularly and functionally three genes (fads2, elovl5 and elovl2) with putative roles in LC-PUFA biosynthesis. Using an in vitro yeast-based system, we found that grass carp Fads2 possesses ∆8 and ∆5 desaturase activities, with ∆6 ability to desaturase not only the C18 PUFA precursors (ALA and LA) but also 24:5n-3 to 24:6n-3, a key intermediate to obtain DHA through the "Sprecher pathway". Additionally, the Elovl5 showed capacity to elongate C18 and C20 PUFA substrates, whereas Elovl2 was more active over C20 and C22. Collectively, the molecular cloning and functional characterisation of fads2, elovl5 and elovl2 demonstrated that the grass carp has all the enzymatic activities required to obtain ARA, EPA and DHA from LA and ALA. Importantly, the hepatocytes incubated with radiolabelled fatty acids confirmed the yeast-based results and demonstrated that these enzymes are functionally active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Marrero
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Edafología y Geología, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna 38206, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Óscar Monroig
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal (IATS), CSIC, 12595 Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Navarro
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal (IATS), CSIC, 12595 Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain
| | - Alberto Ribes-Navarro
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal (IATS), CSIC, 12595 Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain
| | - José Antonio Pérez
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Edafología y Geología, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna 38206, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ana Galindo
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Edafología y Geología, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna 38206, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Covadonga Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Edafología y Geología, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna 38206, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
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Direct coupling of liquid–liquid extraction with 3D-printed microplasma optical emission spectrometer for speciation analysis of mercury in fish oil. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hakiminia B, Alikiaii B, Khorvash F, Mousavi S. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction following traumatic brain injury: From mechanistic view to targeted therapeutic opportunities. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2022; 36:612-662. [PMID: 35118714 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most prevalent causes of permanent physical and cognitive disabilities. TBI pathology results from primary insults and a multi-mechanistic biochemical process, termed as secondary brain injury. Currently, there are no pharmacological agents for definitive treatment of patients with TBI. This article is presented with the purpose of reviewing molecular mechanisms of TBI pathology, as well as potential strategies and agents against pathological pathways. In this review article, materials were obtained by searching PubMed, Scopus, Elsevier, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. This search was considered without time limitation. Evidence indicates that oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are two key mediators of the secondary injury cascade in TBI pathology. TBI-induced oxidative damage results in the structural and functional impairments of cellular and subcellular components, such as mitochondria. Impairments of mitochondrial electron transfer chain and mitochondrial membrane potential result in a vicious cycle of free radical formation and cell apoptosis. The results of some preclinical and clinical studies, evaluating mitochondria-targeted therapies, such as mitochondria-targeted antioxidants and compounds with pleiotropic effects after TBI, are promising. As a proposed strategy in recent years, mitochondria-targeted multipotential therapy is a new hope, waiting to be confirmed. Moreover, based on the available findings, biologics, such as stem cell-based therapy and transplantation of mitochondria are novel potential strategies for the treatment of TBI; however, more studies are needed to clearly confirm the safety and efficacy of these strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Hakiminia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Babak Alikiaii
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Alzahra Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fariborz Khorvash
- Department of Neurology, Alzahra Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sarah Mousavi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Yuan NY, Maung R, Xu Z, Han X, Kaul M. Arachidonic Acid Cascade and Eicosanoid Production Are Elevated While LTC4 Synthase Modulates the Lipidomics Profile in the Brain of the HIVgp120-Transgenic Mouse Model of NeuroHIV. Cells 2022; 11:2123. [PMID: 35805207 PMCID: PMC9265961 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has transformed HIV infection from a terminal disease to a manageable chronic health condition, extending patients' life expectancy to that of the general population. However, the incidence of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs) has persisted despite virological suppression. Patients with HIV display persistent signs of immune activation and inflammation despite cART. The arachidonic acid (AA) cascade is an important immune response system responsible for both pro- and anti-inflammatory processes. METHODS Lipidomics, mRNA and Western blotting analysis provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms surrounding arachidonic acid metabolism and the resulting inflammation caused by perturbations thereof. RESULTS Here, we report the presence of inflammatory eicosanoids in the brains of a transgenic mouse model of NeuroHIV that expresses soluble HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein in glial cells (HIVgp120tg mice). Additionally, we report that the effect of LTC4S knockout in HIVgp120tg mice resulted in the sexually dimorphic transcription of COX- and 5-LOX-related genes. Furthermore, the absence of LTC4S suppressed ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK signaling activity in female mice only. The mass spectrometry-based lipidomic profiling of these mice reveals beneficial alterations to lipids in the brain. CONCLUSION Targeting the AA cascade may hold potential in the treatment of neuroinflammation observed in NeuroHIV and HANDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Y. Yuan
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (N.Y.Y.); (R.M.)
- Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ricky Maung
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (N.Y.Y.); (R.M.)
- Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ziying Xu
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (Z.X.); (X.H.)
| | - Xianlin Han
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (Z.X.); (X.H.)
- Department of Medicine-Diabetes, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Marcus Kaul
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (N.Y.Y.); (R.M.)
- Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Roles of Fatty Acids in Microglial Polarization: Evidence from In Vitro and In Vivo Studies on Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137300. [PMID: 35806302 PMCID: PMC9266841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglial polarization to the M1 phenotype (classically activated) or the M2 phenotype (alternatively activated) is critical in determining the fate of immune responses in neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). M1 macrophages contribute to neurotoxicity, neuronal and synaptic damage, and oxidative stress and are the first line of defense, and M2 macrophages elicit an anti-inflammatory response to regulate neuroinflammation, clear cell debris, and promote neuroregeneration. Various studies have focused on the ability of natural compounds to promote microglial polarization from the M1 phenotype to the M2 phenotype in several diseases, including NDs. However, studies on the roles of fatty acids in microglial polarization and their implications in NDs are a rare find. Most of the studies support the role of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in microglial polarization using cell and animal models. Thus, we aimed to collect data and provide a narrative account of microglial types, markers, and studies pertaining to fatty acids, particularly PUFAs, on microglial polarization and their neuroprotective effects. The involvement of only PUFAs in the chosen topic necessitates more in-depth research into the role of unexplored fatty acids in microglial polarization and their mechanistic implications. The review also highlights limitations and future challenges.
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Castillo P, Kuda O, Kopecky J, Pomar CA, Palou A, Palou M, Picó C. Reverting to a healthy diet during lactation normalizes maternal milk lipid content of diet-induced obese rats and prevents early alterations in the plasma lipidome of the offspring. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2200204. [PMID: 35772018 PMCID: PMC9541142 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Scope This study aims to assess in rats whether normalizing maternal diet during lactation prevents the harmful effects of western diet (WD) consumption during the whole perinatal period on the lipidomic profile in maternal milk and offspring plasma. Methods and Results Control dams (CON‐dams), fed with standard diet (SD); WD‐dams, fed with WD prior and during gestation and lactation; and reversion dams (REV‐dams), fed as WD‐dams but moved to SD during lactation are followed. Lipidomic analysis is performed in milk and plasma samples from pups. Milk of WD‐dams presents a different triacylglycerol composition and free fatty acid (FA) profile compared to CON‐dams, including an increased ratio of pro‐inflammatory to anti‐inflammatory long‐chain polyunsaturated FA. Such alterations, which are also present in the plasma of their offspring, are widely reversed in the milk of REV‐dams and the plasma of their pups. This is related with the recovery of control adiponectin expression levels in the mammary gland, and the presence of decreased expression of pro‐inflammatory factors. Conclusion Implementing a healthy diet during lactation prevents early alterations in the plasma lipidome of pups associated to the maternal intake of an obesogenic diet, which may be related to the normalization of milk lipid content and the inflammatory state in the mammary gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Castillo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation) of the University of the Balearic Islands, CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), and Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Ondrej Kuda
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague, 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kopecky
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague, 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Catalina Amadora Pomar
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation) of the University of the Balearic Islands, CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), and Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Andreu Palou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation) of the University of the Balearic Islands, CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), and Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Mariona Palou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation) of the University of the Balearic Islands, CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), and Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Catalina Picó
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation) of the University of the Balearic Islands, CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), and Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
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Health Benefits, Food Applications, and Sustainability of MI-Croalgae-Derived N-3 Pufa. Foods 2022; 11:foods11131883. [PMID: 35804698 PMCID: PMC9265382 DOI: 10.3390/foods11131883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Today’s consumers are increasingly aware of the beneficial effects of n-3 PUFA in preventing, delaying, and intervening various diseases, such as coronary artery disease, hypertension, diabetes, inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, depression, and many other ailments. The role of n-3 PUFA on aging and cognitive function is also one of the hot topics in basic research, product development, and clinical applications. For decades, n-3 PUFA, especially EPA and DHA, have been supplied by fish oil and seafood. With the continuous increase of global population, awareness about the health benefits of n-3 PUFA, and socioeconomic improvement worldwide, the supply chain is facing increasing challenges of insufficient production. In this regard, microalgae have been well considered as promising sources of n-3 PUFA oil to mitigate the supply shortages. The use of microalgae to produce n-3 PUFA-rich oils has been explored for over two decades and some species have already been used commercially to produce n-3 PUFA, in particular EPA- and/or DHA-rich oils. In addition to n-3 PUFA, microalgae biomass contains many other high value biomolecules, which can be used in food, dietary supplement, pharmaceutical ingredient, and feedstock. The present review covers the health benefits of n-3 PUFA, EPA, and DHA, with particular attention given to the various approaches attempted in the nutritional interventions using EPA and DHA alone or combined with other nutrients and bioactive compounds towards improved health conditions in people with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease. It also covers the applications of microalgae n-3 PUFA in food and dietary supplement sectors and the economic and environmental sustainability of using microalgae as a platform for n-3 PUFA-rich oil production.
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Ting SY, Lau NS, Sam KK, Janaranjani M, Wong SC, Monroig Ó, Quah ESH, Ahmad AB, Him NAIIN, Jaya-Ram A, Shu-Chien AC. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in a land-crab with advanced terrestrial adaptations: Molecular cloning and functional characterization of two fatty acyl elongases. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 262:110773. [PMID: 35718326 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2022.110773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Depending on the presence and activities of the front-end fatty acyl desaturases and elongation of very long-chain fatty acid (Elovl) enzymes, animals have different capacities for long-chain (≥C20) polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) biosynthesis. Successful land colonisation in brachyuran crabs requires a shift towards terrestrial food chain with limited LC-PUFA availability. We cloned and functionally characterised two elovl genes from the purple land crab Gecarcoidea lalandii. The two Elovl contained all the necessary motifs of a typical polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) Elovl and phylogenetically clustered in the Elovl1 and Elovl6 clades, respectively. The G. lalandii Elovl1 elongated saturated fatty acids, with low activities towards C20 and C22 PUFA substrates. Moreover, the G. lalandii Elovl6 was particularly active in the elongation of C18 PUFA, although it also recognised monounsaturated fatty acids as substrates for elongation. Collectively, the herein characterised G. lalandii elovl paralogues fulfil all the elongation steps involved in the LC-PUFA biosynthetic pathways. Tissue distribution of the G. lalandii elovl genes, along with the FA composition analyses, suggest the hepatopancreas and gill as key metabolic sites for fatty acid elongation. However, current data suggest that G. lalandii is unable to rely solely on biosynthesis to fulfil LC-PUFA requirements, since front-end desaturase appears to be absent in this species and other decapods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seng Yeat Ting
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11900, Malaysia
| | - Nyok-Sean Lau
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11900, Malaysia
| | - Ka-Kei Sam
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11900, Malaysia
| | - M Janaranjani
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11900, Malaysia
| | - Swe Cheng Wong
- Centre for Marine and Coastal Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Óscar Monroig
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal (IATS-CSIC), Ribera de Cabanes, 12595 Castellón, Spain
| | - Evan S H Quah
- Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Amirrudin B Ahmad
- Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu 21030, Malaysia
| | | | - Annette Jaya-Ram
- Centre for Marine and Coastal Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Alexander Chong Shu-Chien
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11900, Malaysia; School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
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Xiao M, Xiang W, Chen Y, Peng N, Du X, Lu S, Zuo Y, Li B, Hu Y, Li X. DHA Ameliorates Cognitive Ability, Reduces Amyloid Deposition, and Nerve Fiber Production in Alzheimer’s Disease. Front Nutr 2022; 9:852433. [PMID: 35782939 PMCID: PMC9240638 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.852433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe etiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is very complex. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is important in cognitive ability and nervous system development. A limited number of studies have evaluated the efficacy of DHA in the treatment of AD.IntroductionWe detected neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) in the hippocampus and cortex of transgenic mice brain through silver glycine staining. We determined the activity of neurons by staining Nissl bodies, used liquid NMR to detect metabolites in the brain, and functional magnetic resonance imaging results to observe the connection signal value between brain regions.Materials and MethodsWe fed 3-month-old APP/PS1 double transgenic mice with DHA mixed feeds for 4 months to assess the effects of DHA on cognitive ability in AD mice through the Morris water maze and open field tests. To evaluate its effects with AD pathology, continuous feeding was done until the mice reached 9 months of age.ResultsCompared to AD mice, escape latency significantly decreased on the fifth day while swimming speed, target quadrant stay time, and the crossing number of platforms increased by varying degrees after DHA treatment. Brain tissue section staining revealed that DHA significantly reduced Aβ and nerve fibers in the brain of AD mice.ConclusionDHA significantly reduced the deposition of Aβ in the brain and inhibited the production of nerve fibers, thereby increasing cognitive abilities in AD mice. In addition, DHA suppressed blood lipid levels, and restored uric acid and urea levels, implying that DHA is a potential therapeutic option for early AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xiao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- CABIO Biotech (Wuhan) Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- CABIO Biotech (Wuhan) Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China
| | - Yashu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Oil Crop Biology and Genetic Breeding, Oil Crops Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Nan Peng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiubo Du
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuhuan Lu
- CABIO Biotech (Wuhan) Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Zuo
- CABIO Biotech (Wuhan) Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China
| | - Boling Li
- CABIO Biotech (Wuhan) Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China
| | - Yonggang Hu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- CABIO Biotech (Wuhan) Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangyu Li,
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Donda K, Maheshwari A. Human Milk Lipids Induce Important Metabolic and Epigenetic Changes in Neonates. Clin Perinatol 2022; 49:331-353. [PMID: 35659090 PMCID: PMC9179119 DOI: 10.1016/j.clp.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Lipids are a major source of energy during the fetal/neonatal period. Most are received from the mother, transplacentally during the intrauterine period or via maternal milk after birth. However, in addition to the known nutritional roles, lipids are now known to bind a variety of cellular receptors to regulate specific patterns in metabolism and gene expression. The expression of these receptors is regulated by various genetic and environmental stimuli, and ligation can activate positive-feedback loops in the expression and the activity of downstream signaling pathways. The authors summarize the role of lipid ligands, cognate receptors, epigenetic regulation, and downstream signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyur Donda
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
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Ferreri C, Sansone A, Chatgilialoglu C, Ferreri R, Amézaga J, Burgos MC, Arranz S, Tueros I. Critical Review on Fatty Acid-Based Food and Nutraceuticals as Supporting Therapy in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116030. [PMID: 35682708 PMCID: PMC9181022 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids have an important place in both biological and nutritional contexts and, from a clinical point of view, they have known consequences for diseases’ onset and development, including cancer. The use of fatty acid-based food and nutraceuticals to support cancer therapy is a multidisciplinary subject, involving molecular and clinical research. Knowledge regarding polyunsaturated fatty acids essentiality/oxidizability and the role of lipogenesis-desaturase pathways for cell growth, as well as oxidative reactivity in cancer cells, are discussed, since they can drive the choice of fatty acids using their multiple roles to support antitumoral drug activity. The central role of membrane fatty acid composition is highlighted for the application of membrane lipid therapy. As fatty acids are also known as biomarkers of cancer onset and progression, the personalization of the fatty acid-based therapy is also possible, taking into account other important factors such as formulation, bioavailability and the distribution of the supplementation. A holistic approach emerges combining nutra- and pharma-strategies in an appropriate manner, to develop further knowledge and applications in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Ferreri
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (A.S.); (C.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Sansone
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (A.S.); (C.C.)
| | - Chryssostomos Chatgilialoglu
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (A.S.); (C.C.)
| | - Rosaria Ferreri
- Department of Integrated Medicine, Tuscany Reference Centre for Integrated Medicine in the Hospital Pathway, Pitigliano Hospital, ASL Sudest Toscana, 58017 Pitigliano, Italy;
| | - Javier Amézaga
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (J.A.); (M.C.B.); (S.A.); (I.T.)
| | - Mercedes Caro Burgos
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (J.A.); (M.C.B.); (S.A.); (I.T.)
| | - Sara Arranz
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (J.A.); (M.C.B.); (S.A.); (I.T.)
| | - Itziar Tueros
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (J.A.); (M.C.B.); (S.A.); (I.T.)
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Khalid W, Gill P, Arshad MS, Ali A, Ranjha MMAN, Mukhtar S, Afzal F, Maqbool Z. Functional behavior of DHA and EPA in the formation of babies brain at different stages of age, and protect from different brain-related diseases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2022.2070642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Khalid
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Poonam Gill
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Anwar Ali
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, China
| | | | - Shanza Mukhtar
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, The University of Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fareed Afzal
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zahra Maqbool
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Mitchell AM, Kowalsky JM, Christian LM, Belury MA, Cole RM. Perceived social support predicts self-reported and objective health and health behaviors among pregnant women. J Behav Med 2022; 45:589-602. [PMID: 35449357 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-022-00306-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Perinatal health and health behaviors play a crucial role in maternal and neonatal health. Data examining psychosocial factors which predict self-reported health and health behaviors as well as objective indicators downstream of health behaviors among pregnant women are lacking. In this longitudinal study design with 131 pregnant women, perceived social support was examined as a predictor of self-rated health and average levels of sleep quality, health-promoting and health-impairing behaviors, and red blood cell (RBC) polyunsaturated fatty acids across early, mid, and late pregnancy. Participants provided a blood sample and fatty acid methyl esters were analyzed by gas chromatography. Measures included the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Prenatal Health Behavior Scale. Regression models demonstrated that, after adjustment for income, race/ethnicity, age, relationship status, pre-pregnancy body mass index, greater social support was associated with better self-rated health (p = 0.001), greater sleep quality (p = 0.001), fewer health-impairing behaviors (p = 0.02), and higher RBC omega-3 fatty acids (p = 0.003). Associations among social support with health-promoting behaviors, RBC omega-6 fatty acids, or gestational weight gain were not significant. Findings underscore the benefits of perceived social support in the context of pregnancy. Examination of pathways that link social support with these outcomes will be meaningful in determining the ways in which perinatal psychosocial interventions may promote health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Mitchell
- Department of Counseling and Human Development, College of Education and Human Development, University of Louisville, Woodford and Harriett Porter Building, 1905 South 1st Street, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
| | | | - Lisa M Christian
- Department of Psychiatry &, Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Martha A Belury
- Department of Human Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rachel M Cole
- Department of Human Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Lipid composition of the Amazonian 'Mountain Sacha Inchis' including Plukenetia carolis-vegae Bussmann, Paniagua & C.Téllez. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6450. [PMID: 35440613 PMCID: PMC9018825 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10404-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Several Amazonian species of Plukenetia are remarkably rich sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids, in particular α-linolenic acid. The lipid composition of the large-seeded, recently described ‘Mountain Sacha Inchi’ Plukenetia carolis-vegae is reported here for the first time, and compared with Plukenetia huayllabambana, two cultivars of Plukenetia volubilis, and a newly developed hybrid between P. volubilis and P. carolis-vegae. All species and cultivars had a very high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, 82.6–86.7% of total fatty acids, and at least 46.6% α-linolenic acid of total fatty acids. The highest content was found in P. carolis-vegae which had 57.4%. The exceptionally high α-linolenic acid content suggests that P. carolis-vegae may be an important plant-derived dietary source of this essential fatty acid and that the species has considerable potential for further domestication and commercialisation of its seeds and seed oil. A TAG analysis was carried out for the two P. volubilis cultivars, in which LLnLn and LnLL were most prevalent, and for P. huayllabambana, in which LLnLn constituted the largest fraction, followed by LnLnLn, indicating that this large-seeded species also has interesting dietary properties.
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50
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Wang J, Xu J, Zang G, Zhang T, Wu Q, Zhang H, Chen Y, Wang Y, Qin W, Zhao S, Qin E, Qiu J, Zhang X, Wen L, Wang Y, Wang G. trans-2-Enoyl-CoA Reductase Tecr-Driven Lipid Metabolism in Endothelial Cells Protects against Transcytosis to Maintain Blood-Brain Barrier Homeostasis. RESEARCH 2022; 2022:9839368. [PMID: 35465346 PMCID: PMC9006154 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9839368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The transport and metabolism of lipids in cerebrovascular endothelial cells (ECs) have been hypothesized to regulate blood-brain barrier (BBB) maturation and homeostasis. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) as the important lipids components of cell membranes are essential for the development and function of BBB, but the direct links of lipid metabolism and ECs barrier function remain to be established. Here, we comprehensively characterize the transcriptomic phenotype of developmental cerebrovascular ECs in single-cell resolution and firstly find that trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductase (Tecr), a very-long-chain fatty acid synthesis, is highly expressed during barriergenesis and decreased after BBB maturation. EC-specific knockout of Tecr compromises angiogenesis due to delayed vascular sprouting. Importantly, EC-specific deletion of Tecr loss restrictive quality of vascular permeability from neonatal stages to adulthood, with high levels of transcytosis, but maintains the vascular tight junctions. Moreover, lipidomic analysis shows that the expression of Tecr in ECs is associated with the containing of omega-3 fatty acids, which directly suppresses caveolae vesicles formation. These results reveal a protective role for Tecr in BBB integrity and suggest that Tecr as a novel therapeutic target in the central nervous system (CNS) diseases associated with BBB dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxuan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Jianxiong Xu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Guangchao Zang
- Institute of Life Science, Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Material and Device, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Hongping Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yidan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Weixi Qin
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Erdai Qin
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Juhui Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Lin Wen
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yeqi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
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