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Serna MF, Suarez-Ortegón MF, Jiménez-Charris E, Echeverri I, Cala MP, Mosquera M. Lipidomic signatures in Colombian adults with metabolic syndrome. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2024; 23:1279-1292. [PMID: 38932852 PMCID: PMC11196482 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-024-01423-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Aims Metabolic syndrome (MetS) comprises a set of risk factors that contribute to the development of chronic and cardiovascular diseases, increasing the mortality rate. Altered lipid metabolism is associated with the development of metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, obesity, atherosclerosis, and metabolic syndrome; however, there is a lack of knowledge about lipids compounds and the lipidic pathways associated with this condition, particularly in the Latin-American population. Innovative approaches, such as lipidomic analysis, facilitate the identification of lipid species related to these risk factors. This study aimed to assess the plasma lipidome in subjects with MetS. Methods This correlation study included healthy adults and adults with MetS. Blood samples were analyzed. The lipidomic profile was determined using an Agilent Technologies 1260 liquid chromatography system coupled to a Q-TOF 6545 quadrupole mass analyzer with electrospray ionization. The main differences were determined between the groups. Results The analyses reveal a distinct lipidomic profile between healthy adults and those with MetS, including increased concentrations of most identified glycerolipids -both triglycerides and diglycerides- and decreased levels of ether lipids and sphingolipids, especially sphingomyelins, in MetS subjects. Association between high triglycerides, waist circumference, and most differentially expressed lipids were found. Conclusion Our results demonstrate dysregulation of lipid metabolism in subjects with Mets, supporting the potential utility of plasma lipidome analysis for a deeper understanding of MetS pathophysiology. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-024-01423-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Fernanda Serna
- Grupo de Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle, Calle 4B #36-00 Cali, Colombia
| | - Milton Fabián Suarez-Ortegón
- Departamento de Alimentación y Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Seccional Cali, Colombia. Cl. 18 #118-250, Barrio Pance, 760031 Cali, Valle del Cauca Colombia
| | - Eliécer Jiménez-Charris
- Grupo de Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle, Calle 4B #36-00 Cali, Colombia
| | | | - Mónica P. Cala
- Metabolomics Core Facility-MetCore, Vice Presidency for Research, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1, #18A-12 Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Mildrey Mosquera
- Grupo de Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle, Calle 4B #36-00 Cali, Colombia
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Yamashita S, Miyazawa T, Higuchi O, Kinoshita M, Miyazawa T. Marine Plasmalogens: A Gift from the Sea with Benefits for Age-Associated Diseases. Molecules 2023; 28:6328. [PMID: 37687157 PMCID: PMC10488995 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging increases oxidative and inflammatory stress caused by a reduction in metabolism and clearance, thus leading to the development of age-associated diseases. The quality of our daily diet and exercise is important for the prevention of these diseases. Marine resources contain various valuable nutrients, and unique glycerophospholipid plasmalogens are found abundantly in some marine invertebrates, including ascidians. One of the major classes, the ethanolamine class (PlsEtn), exists in a high ratio to phospholipids in the brain and blood, while decreased levels have been reported in patients with age-associated diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. Animal studies have shown that the administration of marine PlsEtn prepared from marine invertebrates improved PlsEtn levels in the body and alleviated inflammation. Animal and human studies have reported that marine PlsEtn ameliorates cognitive impairment. In this review, we highlight the biological significance, relationships with age-associated diseases, food functions, and healthcare materials of plasmalogens based on recent knowledge and discuss the contribution of marine plasmalogens to health maintenance in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Yamashita
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Japan; (S.Y.); (M.K.)
| | - Taiki Miyazawa
- Food and Biotechnology Platform Promoting Project, New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; (T.M.); (O.H.)
| | - Ohki Higuchi
- Food and Biotechnology Platform Promoting Project, New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; (T.M.); (O.H.)
| | - Mikio Kinoshita
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Japan; (S.Y.); (M.K.)
| | - Teruo Miyazawa
- Food and Biotechnology Platform Promoting Project, New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; (T.M.); (O.H.)
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Nishiumi S, Izumi Y, Kobayashi T, Yoshida M. Possible Involvement of Lipids in the Effectiveness of Kombu in Individuals with Abnormally High Serum Triglyceride Levels. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2020; 66:185-190. [PMID: 32350180 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.66.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In Japan, Kombu (Laminaria japonica), which is a type of seaweed, is considered to be a foodstuff with health-promoting benefits, and Japanese people actively incorporate Kombu into their diets. Previously, we reported that the frequent intake of Kombu reduced the serum triglyceride levels of subjects with abnormally high serum triglyceride levels. In the current human study, we performed metabolomic analysis of serum lipids, and then the molecular species profiles of phosphatidylcholines (PC), phosphatidylethanolamines (PE), lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC), lysophosphatidylethanolamines (LPE), and free fatty acids (FFA) were evaluated. As a result, it was found that there were no marked differences between the lipid profiles obtained before and after the intake of Kombu for 4 wk in all subjects. In the subjects with abnormal serum triglyceride levels, the intake of Kombu improved the subjects' molecular species profiles in terms of their serum levels of the diacyl and acyl forms of PC, PE, LPC, and LPE, and FFA. Furthermore, the intake of Kombu also tended to increase the serum levels of both the plasmanyl and plasmenyl forms of PC and PE in these subjects. The lipid alterations observed in our study might be related to the functionality of Kombu. Furthermore, it is important to evaluate the quality of lipids as well as the quantity of lipids in various types of research, including food functionality studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Nishiumi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
- Department of Omics Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine
| | - Yoshihiro Izumi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Takashi Kobayashi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Masaru Yoshida
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
- Division of Metabolomics Research, Department of Internal Medicine Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
- AMED-CREST, AMED
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Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that ethanolamine plasmalogens (PlsEtns), a subtype of phospholipids, have a close association with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Decreased levels of PlsEtns have been commonly found in AD patients, and were correlated with cognition deficit and severity of disease. Limited studies showed positive therapeutic outcomes with plasmalogens interventions in AD subjects and in rodents. The potential mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of PlsEtns on AD may be related to the reduction of γ–secretase activity, an enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of β-amyloid (Aβ), a hallmark of AD. Emerging in vitro evidence also showed that PlsEtns prevented neuronal cell death by enhancing phosphorylation of AKT and ERK signaling through the activation of orphan G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) proteins. In addition, PlsEtns have been found to suppress the death of primary mouse hippocampal neuronal cells through the inhibition of caspase-9 and caspase-3 cleavages. Further in-depth investigations are required to determine the signature molecular species of PlsEtns associated with AD, hence their potential role as biomarkers. Clinical intervention with plasmalogens is still in its infancy but may have the potential to be explored for a novel therapeutic approach to correct AD pathology and neural function.
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Nakamura Y, Shimizu Y, Horibata Y, Tei R, Koike R, Masawa M, Watanabe T, Shiobara T, Arai R, Chibana K, Takemasa A, Sugimoto H, Ishii Y. Changes of plasmalogen phospholipid levels during differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells 409B2 to endothelial phenotype cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9377. [PMID: 28839272 PMCID: PMC5571164 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09980-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells (EC) are involved in regulating several aspects of lipid metabolism, with recent research revealing the clinicopathological significance of interactions between EC and lipids. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) have various possible medical uses, so understanding the metabolism of these cells is important. In this study, endothelial phenotype cells generated from human iPSC formed cell networks in co-culture with fibroblasts. Changes of plasmalogen lipids and sphingomyelins in endothelial phenotype cells generated from human iPSC were investigated by reverse-phase ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) analysis. The levels of plasmalogen phosphatidylethanolamines (38:5) and (38:4) increased during differentiation of EC, while sphingomyelin levels decreased transiently. These changes of plasmalogen lipids and sphingomyelins may have physiological significance for EC and could be used as markers of differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Nakamura
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Yasuo Shimizu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Horibata
- Department of Biochemistry, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Rinna Tei
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Koike
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Meitetsu Masawa
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Taiji Watanabe
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Taichi Shiobara
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Ryo Arai
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Chibana
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Akihiro Takemasa
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sugimoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ishii
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
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Wood PL, Unfried G, Whitehead W, Phillipps A, Wood JA. Dysfunctional plasmalogen dynamics in the plasma and platelets of patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2015; 161:506-10. [PMID: 25497441 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Based upon the concept of a prodromal risk syndrome for first psychosis, intense efforts are being applied to define potential biomarkers of disease onset in schizophrenia. One such tentative biomarker may be plasmalogens, complex structural glycerophospholipids that serve multiple functions in all cells. METHODS To further investigate this possibility, we undertook a lipidomics analysis of choline and ethanolamine plasmalogens in the plasma and platelets of 23 patients with schizophrenia and 27 age-matched controls. RESULTS Plasma levels of both choline and ethanolamine plasmalogens were decreased by 23 to 45% in patients with schizophrenia. In platelets, from patients with schizophrenia, ethanolamine plasmalogens also were decreased while choline plasmalogen levels were increased. Levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were decreased by approximately 30% both in plasma and platelets. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that alterations in lipid transport or lipid remodeling/metabolism of plasmalogens are present in schizophrenia and that changes in the steady-state levels of these complex lipid pools may be involved in altered neuronal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul L Wood
- DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, 6965 Cumberland Gap Parkway, Harrogate, TN 37752, United States.
| | - Greg Unfried
- Southwestern Behavioral Healthcare, 415 Mulberry St., Evansville, IN 47713, United States
| | - Willard Whitehead
- Southwestern Behavioral Healthcare, 415 Mulberry St., Evansville, IN 47713, United States
| | - Aaron Phillipps
- DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, 6965 Cumberland Gap Parkway, Harrogate, TN 37752, United States
| | - Julie A Wood
- Southwestern Behavioral Healthcare, 415 Mulberry St., Evansville, IN 47713, United States
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Donovan EL, Pettine SM, Hickey MS, Hamilton KL, Miller BF. Lipidomic analysis of human plasma reveals ether-linked lipids that are elevated in morbidly obese humans compared to lean. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2013; 5:24. [PMID: 23672807 PMCID: PMC3663699 DOI: 10.1186/1758-5996-5-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipidomic analysis was performed to explore differences in lipid profiles between plasma from lean and obese subjects, followed by in vitro methods to examine a role for the identified lipids in endothelial cell pathophysiology. METHODS Plasma was collected from 15 morbidly obese and 13 control subjects. Lipids were extracted from plasma and analyzed using LC/MS, and MS/MS to characterize lipid profiles and identify lipids that are elevated in obese subjects compared to lean. RESULTS Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) modelling showed that lipid profiles were significantly different in obese subjects compared to lean. Analysis of lipids that were driving group separation in the OPLS-DA model and that were significantly elevated in the obese group led to identification of a group of ether-linked phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) lipids of interest. Treatment of human coronary artery endothelial cells with the ether-linked phosphatidylethanolamine induced expression of cell adhesion molecules, a hallmark of endothelial cell activation. However, oxidized phosphatidylcholine products that can induce endothelial cell activation in vitro, were not significantly different between groups in vivo. CONCLUSION These data suggest a role for ether-linked lipids in obesity associated dyslipidemia and vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise L Donovan
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 8052, USA
- The Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, 85 Park Rd Grafton, Auckland, NZ 1142, New Zealand
| | | | - Matthew S Hickey
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 8052, USA
| | - Karyn L Hamilton
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 8052, USA
| | - Benjamin F Miller
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 8052, USA
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Brosche T, Bertsch T, Sieber CC, Hoffmann U. Reduced plasmalogen concentration as a surrogate marker of oxidative stress in elderly septic patients. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2013; 57:66-9. [PMID: 23522521 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2013.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Severe sepsis is reportedly accompanied by oxidative stress with a depletion of antioxidant defense. We estimated plasmalogen vinyl ether bond (PVEB) levels in blood plasma of 20 elderly patients with initial severe sepsis, serving as a sensitive surrogate marker of oxidative stress, and compared them with standard markers, i.e., Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score, C-reactive protein (CRP), creatinine, white blood cell and platelet counts. Patients were included in the study and then blood samples were taken within 24h of the onset of symptoms of severe sepsis. Twenty sex- and age-matched, healthy individuals were included in the study as controls. We measured plasmalogen-derived hexadecanal dimethyl acetal (16:0 DMA) in isolated phospholipids from EDTA-plasma using gas chromatography. We found a 55% lower concentration of 16:0 DMA, corresponding to lower levels of PVEB in the patients' plasma compared to the controls (0.26±0.15 vs 0.58±0.13g/100g; p<0.001). In all patients' and non-survivors' samples the 16:0 DMA levels correlated negatively with plasma CRP values (RS=-0.48 and RS=-0.70, respectively; p<0.05), but not with APACHE II scores or other markers. The observed lower baseline content of PVEB may indicate oxidative stress contributing to the sequlae of sepsis, but did not correlate with the outcome or the severity of illness. Serial measurements are needed to validate PVEB as a marker in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorolf Brosche
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Heimerichstr. 58, D-90419 Nürnberg, Germany.
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Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a cognitive disorder with a number of complex neuropathologies, including, but not limited to, neurofibrillary tangles, neuritic plaques, neuronal shrinkage, hypomyelination, neuroinflammation and cholinergic dysfunction. The role of underlying pathological processes in the evolution of the cholinergic deficit responsible for cognitive decline has not been elucidated. Furthermore, generation of testable hypotheses for defining points of pharmacological intervention in AD are complicated by the large scale occurrence of older individuals dying with no cognitive impairment despite having a high burden of AD pathology (plaques and tangles). To further complicate these research challenges, there is no animal model that reproduces the combined hallmark neuropathologies of AD. These research limitations have stimulated the application of 'omics' technologies in AD research with the goals of defining biologic markers of disease and disease progression and uncovering potential points of pharmacological intervention for the design of AD therapeutics. In the case of sporadic AD, the dominant form of dementia, genomics has revealed that the ε4 allele of apolipoprotein E, a lipid transport/chaperone protein, is a susceptibility factor. This seminal observation points to the importance of lipid dynamics as an area of investigation in AD. In this regard, lipidomics studies have demonstrated that there are major deficits in brain structural glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids, as well as alterations in metabolites of these complex structural lipids, which act as signaling molecules. Peroxisomal dysfunction appears to be a key component of the changes in glycerophospholipid deficits. In this review, lipid alterations and their potential roles in the pathophysiology of AD are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul L Wood
- Metabolomics Unit, Department of Pharmacology, DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, 6965 Cumberland Gap Parkway, Harrogate, TN 37752, USA.
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Plasmalogens the neglected regulatory and scavenging lipid species. Chem Phys Lipids 2011; 164:573-89. [PMID: 21723266 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2011.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Revised: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Plasmalogens are a class of phospholipids carrying a vinyl ether bond in sn-1 and an ester bond in sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone. Although they are widespread in all tissues and represent up to 18% of the total phospholipid mass in humans, their physiological function is still poorly understood. The aim of this review is to give an overview over the current knowledge in plasmalogen biology and pathology with an emphasis on neglected aspects of their involvement in neurological and metabolic diseases. Furthermore a better understanding of plasmalogen biology in health and disease could also lead to the development of better diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for vascular and metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes mellitus, inflammation, neuro-degeneration and cancer.
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Ansarullah, Jayaraman S, Hardikar AA, Ramachandran AV. Influence of Oreocnide integrifolia (Gaud.) Miq on IRS-1, Akt and Glut-4 in Fat-Fed C57BL/6J Type 2 Diabetes Mouse Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2011; 2011:852720. [PMID: 21785636 PMCID: PMC3137713 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/neq014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2009] [Accepted: 01/31/2010] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Oreocnide integrifolia (OI) leaves are used as folklore medicine by the people of northeast India to alleviate diabetic symptoms. Preliminary studies revealed hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic potentials of the aqueous leaf extract. The present study was carried out to evaluate whether the OI extract induces insulin secretion in vivo and in vitro and also whether it is mediated through the insulin-signaling pathway. The experimental set-up consisted of three groups of C57BL/6J mice strain: (i) control animals fed with standard laboratory diet, (ii) diabetic animals fed with a high-fat diet for 24 weeks and (iii) extract-supplemented animals fed with 3% OI extract along with high-fat diet for 24 weeks. OI-extract supplementation lowered adiposity and plasma glucose and insulin levels. Immunoblot analysis of IRS-1, Akt and Glut-4 protein expressions in muscles of extract-supplemented animals revealed that glucoregulation was mediated through the insulin-signaling pathway. Moreover, immunostaining of pancreas revealed increased insulin immunopositive cells in OI-extract-treated animals. In addition, the insulin secretogogue ability of the OI extract was demonstrated when challenged with high glucose concentration using isolated pancreatic islets in vitro. Overall, the present study demonstrates the possible mechanism of glucoregulation of OI extract suggestive of its therapeutic potential for the management of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansarullah
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Selvaraj Jayaraman
- Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM PGIBMS, Taramani Campus, Chennai, India
| | | | - A. V. Ramachandran
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
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Hiratsuka S, Koizumi K, Ooba T, Yokogoshi H. Effects of dietary docosahexaenoic acid connecting phospholipids on the learning ability and fatty acid composition of the brain. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2009; 55:374-80. [PMID: 19763040 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.55.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The effects of dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n-3) connecting phospholipids on the learning ability and fatty acid composition of the brain were investigated in hypercholesterolemic mice. ICR mice were subjected to a very low level of n-3 fatty acids through two generations. At 4 wk of age, the F(1) generation, n-3 fatty acid deficient male mice were provided with an experimental diet containing four kinds of lipids (safflower oil: Saf, DHA connecting triacylglycerols: DHA-TG, DHA connecting phospholipids: DHA-PL, soybean phospholipids: Soy-PL) for 5 wk. Another group of ICR mice were obtained and fed a commercial diet (CE-2, CLEA Japan, Inc.) as a control. The learning and memory abilities of the mice were evaluated by the modified avoidance procedure. The learning and memory ability level was significantly higher in mice fed the DHA-PL diet than in those fed the Saf and Soy-PL diets, and was the same level as the control. The DHA levels of phosphatidylethanolamine in the brain were significantly higher in the mice fed the two types of DHA-containing diets than in those fed the Saf and Soy-PL diets and was not significantly different between DHA-TG and DHA-PL. The dimethylacetal levels in the brain were significantly higher in the mice fed the DHA-PL diet than in those fed the Saf and DHA-TG diets. These results suggest that the dietary DHA connecting phospholipids have the effect of improving memory learning, and may be related to the both the DHA and plasmalogen levels in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiichi Hiratsuka
- Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Fishery, Yaizu, Shizuoka, Japan.
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Maeba R, Hara H, Ishikawa H, Hayashi S, Yoshimura N, Kusano J, Takeoka Y, Yasuda D, Okazaki T, Kinoshita M, Teramoto T. Myo-inositol treatment increases serum plasmalogens and decreases small dense LDL, particularly in hyperlipidemic subjects with metabolic syndrome. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2008; 54:196-202. [PMID: 18635905 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.54.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM We have previously shown that serum plasmalogen levels positively correlate with HDL, and significantly decrease with aging, and may be related to LDL particle size. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of increased serum plasmalogens on lipidosis, particularly the appearance of atherogenic small dense LDL (sdLDL), of subjects with hyperlipidemia and metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS AND RESULTS The effects of increased serum plasmalogen levels, induced by 2 wk of myo-inositol treatment, on several clinical and biochemical parameters were examined in 17 hyperlipidemic subjects including some with MetS. After myo-inositol treatment, significant increases in plasmalogen-related parameters, particularly ChoPlas, and significant decreases in atherogenic cholesterols including sdLDL, were observed. Among the hyperlipidemic subjects treated with myo-inositol, compared to subjects without MetS, subjects with MetS had a significant increase in plasmalogens and a tendency towards reduced sdLDL, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and blood glucose levels. Correlation analyses between the measured parameters showed that plasmalogens, as well as HDL, function as beneficial factors, and that sdLDL is a very important risk factor that shows positive correlations with many other risk factors. CONCLUSION These results suggest that increased plasmalogen biosynthesis and/or serum levels are especially effective in improving MetS among hyperlipidemic subjects with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryouta Maeba
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Brosche T, Brueckmann M, Haase KK, Sieber C, Bertsch T. Decreased plasmalogen concentration as a surrogate marker of oxidative stress in patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes or supraventricular tachycardias. Clin Chem Lab Med 2007; 45:689-91. [PMID: 17484636 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2007.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Maeba R, Maeda T, Kinoshita M, Takao K, Takenaka H, Kusano J, Yoshimura N, Takeoka Y, Yasuda D, Okazaki T, Teramoto T. Plasmalogens in Human Serum Positively Correlate with High- Density Lipoprotein and Decrease with Aging. J Atheroscler Thromb 2007; 14:12-8. [PMID: 17332687 DOI: 10.5551/jat.14.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The objective of the present study was to propose plasmalogens as a beneficial factor in human plasma by showing a highly positive correlation with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and a significant reduction with aging. METHODS For 148 elderly subjects suspected of coronary artery disease (CAD), clinical characteristics such as coronary stenosis, hyperlipidemia, abnormal glucose tolerance, and hypertension were investigated, and serum biochemical markers including plasmalogens were determined. RESULTS Serum plasmalogens levels tended to fall in significant coronary stenosis and abnormal glucose tolerance. Correlative analyses among serum biochemical markers revealed that plasmalogens positively correlate with HDL-related values, particularly apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I), and that the molar ratio of choline plasmalogen (ChoPlas) to ethanolamine plasmalogen (EtnPlas) correlates positively with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size, and negatively with apo A-II and fasting triglyceride (TG) levels. Comparison of plasmalogens in elderly subjects with those of 119 healthy young subjects showed a marked decrease in serum plasmalogens levels by aging. CONCLUSION These results suggest that serum plasmalogens, antioxidant phospholipids, function as a beneficial factor as well as HDL, and that the measurement of serum plasmalogens is useful in clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryouta Maeba
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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16
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Johnson DW. A modified Girard derivatizing reagent for universal profiling and trace analysis of aldehydes and ketones by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2007; 21:2926-32. [PMID: 17676710 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.3175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
4-Hydrazino-N,N,N-trimethyl-4-oxobutanaminium iodide (HTMOB) is a modified Girard derivatizing reagent synthesized to improve the sensitivity of analysis of aldehydes and ketones with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Compared with Girard T reagent the measured signal intensity increase is between 3.3 times (succinylacetone) and 7.0 times (17-hydroxyprogesterone). HTMOB is a universal profiling reagent for aldehydes and ketones. A neutral loss of 59 Da scan detects all aldehydes and ketones from acetone to corticosteroids. Applications described include the profiling of ketones, ketoacids and ketodiacids in the urine of children with ketosis and the profiling of long-chain aldehydes incorporated in plasma plasmalogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Johnson
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, 72 King William Road, North Adelaide, South Australia 5006 Australia.
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Jayaprakasam B, Olson LK, Schutzki RE, Tai MH, Nair MG. Amelioration of obesity and glucose intolerance in high-fat-fed C57BL/6 mice by anthocyanins and ursolic acid in Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2006; 54:243-8. [PMID: 16390206 DOI: 10.1021/jf0520342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Much attention has been focused on food that may be beneficial in preventing diet-induced body fat accumulation and possibly reduce the risk of diabetes and heart disease. Cornelian cherries (Cornus mas) are used in the preparation of beverages in Europe and also to treat diabetes-related disorders in Asia. In this study, the most abundant bioactive compounds in C. mas fruits, the anthocyanins and ursolic acid, were purified, and their ability to ameliorate obesity and insulin resistance in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet was evaluated. Mice were initially fed a high-fat diet for 4 weeks and then switched to a high-fat diet containing anthocyanins (1 g/kg of high-fat diet) and ursolic acid (500 mg/kg of high-fat diet) for an additional 8 weeks. The high-fat diet induced glucose intolerance, and this was prevented by anthocyanins and ursolic acid. The anthocyanin-treated mice showed a 24% decrease in weight gain. These mice also showed decreased lipid accumulation in the liver, including a significant decrease in liver triacylglycerol concentration. Anthocyanin and ursolic acid treated mice exhibited extremely elevated insulin levels. Both treatments, however, showed preserved islet architecture and insulin staining. Overall, these data suggest that anthocyanins and ursolic acid purified from C. mas fruits have biological activities that improve certain metabolic parameters associated with diets high in saturated fats and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolleddula Jayaprakasam
- Bioactive Natural Products and Phytoceuticals, Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
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