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Tian Z, Wang X, Li Y, Xi Y, He M, Guo Y. Co-inoculation of Soybean Seedling with Trichoderma asperellum and Irpex laceratus Promotes the Absorption of Nitrogen and Phosphorus. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:87. [PMID: 38311653 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03571-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Soybean are one of the main oil crops in the world. The study demonstrated that co-inoculation with Trichoderma asperellum (Sordariomycetes, Hypocreomycetidae) and Irpex laceratus (Basidiomycota, Polyporales) isolated from Kosteletzkya virginica can promote the growth of soybean seedlings. The two fungi were found to produce various enzymes, including cellulase, amylase, laccase, protease, and urease. Upon inoculation, T. asperellum mainly colonized within the phloem of the roots in soybean seedlings, while I. laceratus mainly in the xylem and phloem of the roots. Physiological parameters, such as plant height, root length, and fresh weight, were significantly increased in soybean seedlings co-inoculated with T. asperellum and I. laceratus. Moreover, the expression of key genes related to N and P absorption and metabolism was also increased, leading to improved N and P utilization efficiency in soybean seedlings. These results indicate that the two fungi may have complementary roles in promoting plant growth, co-inoculation with T. asperellum and I. laceratus can enhance the growth and nutrient uptake of soybean. These findings suggest that T. asperellum and I. laceratus have the potential to be used as bio-fertilizers to improve soybean growth and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengyuan Tian
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Road 100, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yanyi Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Road 100, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yu Xi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Road 100, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Mengting He
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuqi Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Road 100, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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Fang C, Xu H, Wang S, Shao C, Liu C, Wang H, Huang Q. Simultaneous removal of norfloxacin and chloramphenicol using cold atmospheric plasma jet (CAPJ): Enhanced performance, synergistic effect, plasma-activated water (PAW) contribution, mechanism and toxicity evaluation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 452:131306. [PMID: 37004443 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The extensive abuse and inadvertent discharge of various antibiotics into the environment has become a serious problem for posing a big threat to human health. In order to deal with this problem, we utilized cold atmospheric plasma jet (CAPJ) to treat two different antibiotics, namely, norfloxacin and chloramphenicol, and investigated the efficiencies and corresponding mechanisms for removing the mixed antibiotics. In the application of the CAPJ technique, we made use of not only the direct plasma processing, but also the indirect plasma-activated water (PAW) treatment. The efficiency for mixed antibiotics treatment was considerably enhanced as compared to the efficiency for treatment of single antibiotics. The contributions from the CAPJ-induced reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (RONS) were examined, showing that ·OH and 1O2 played a major role in the degradation of norfloxacin and chloramphenicol in the direct plasma treatment, while 1O2 played a major role in the PAW treatment. The bio-toxicity evaluation was also provided to verify the ecological safety of the CAPJ treatment. As such, this work has not only showed the effectiveness of CAPJ treatment of mixed antibiotics, but also elucidated the mechanisms for the enhanced treatment efficiency, which may provide a new solution for treatment of antibiotics in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cao Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei Institute of Intelligent Agriculture, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Hangbo Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei Institute of Intelligent Agriculture, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Shenhao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei Institute of Intelligent Agriculture, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Changsheng Shao
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Chao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei Institute of Intelligent Agriculture, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Han Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei Institute of Intelligent Agriculture, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Qing Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei Institute of Intelligent Agriculture, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
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Meng W, Qiao K, Liu F, Hu X, Liu J, Gao Y, Zhu J. Construction and application of a mCherry fluorescent labeling system for Stenotrophomonas AGS-1 from aerobic granular sludge. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2023; 370:fnad079. [PMID: 37567763 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnad079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
To elucidate the specific mechanism by which high-attachment bacteria promote aerobic granular sludge (AGS) formation, a red fluorescent protein mCherry-based biomarker system was developed in the high-attachment strain Stenotrophomonas AGS-1 from AGS. The fluorescent labeling system used plasmid-mediated mCherry expression driven by a Ptac constitutive promoter. mCherry-labeled AGS-1 had normal unimpaired growth, strong fluorescent signals, and good fluorescence imaging. Also, the mCherry labeling system had no effect on the attachment ability of AGS-1. In addition, mCherry-labeled AGS-1 maintained high plasmid stability, even after more than 100 generations. Notably, after the addition of mCherry-labeled AGS-1 into the activated sludge system, the mCherry fluorescence of the sludge system can be used as a good reflection of the relative amount of AGS-1. Moreover, the spatial distribution of mCherry-labeled AGS-1 in the sludge system could be visualized and remained clear even after 5 days by fluorescence imaging. These results revealed that the mCherry-based biomarker system would provide a valuable tool for labeling AGS-1 to monitor the spatial distribution and fate of AGS-1 in AGS, which would help to better understand the mechanism of AGS formation and facilitate the development of AGS technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Meng
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- R & D Centre of Aerobic Granule Technology, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Kai Qiao
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- State Key Laboratory of Water Simulation, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Fan Liu
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xuan Hu
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- State Key Laboratory of Water Simulation, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yiyun Gao
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jianrong Zhu
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- R & D Centre of Aerobic Granule Technology, Beijing 100875, China
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Monitoring Mycoparasitism of Clonostachys rosea against Botrytis cinerea Using GFP. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8060567. [PMID: 35736050 PMCID: PMC9225460 DOI: 10.3390/jof8060567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Clonostachys rosea is an important mycoparasite, with great potential for controlling numerous plant fungal diseases. Understanding the mechanisms and modes of action will assist the development and application of this biocontrol fungus. In this study, the highly efficient C. rosea 67-1 strain was marked with the green fluorescent protein (GFP), and the transformant possessed the same biological characteristics as the wild-type strain. Fungal interactions with Botrytis cinerea during co-culture and encounter on tomato leaves were assessed by fluorescence confocal and electron microscopy. The results indicated that once the two fungi met, the hyphae of C. rosea grew alongside those of B. cinerea, then attached tightly to the host and developed special structures, via which the biocontrol fungus penetrated the host and absorbed nutrients, eventually disintegrating the cells of the pathogen. Mycoparasitism to B. cinerea was also observed on tomato leaves, suggesting that C. rosea can colonize on plants and act following the invasion of the pathogenic fungus.
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Zhao Y, Che Y, Zhang F, Wang J, Gao W, Zhang T, Yang C. Development of an efficient pathway construction strategy for rapid evolution of the biodegradation capacity of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 and its application in bioremediation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 761:143239. [PMID: 33158512 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we developed an efficient pathway construction strategy, consisting of DNA assembler-assisted pathway assembly and counterselection system-based chromosomal integration, for the rapid and efficient integration of synthetic biodegradation pathways into the chromosome of Pseudomonas putida KT2440. Using this strategy, we created a novel degrader capable of complete mineralization of γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH) and 1,2,3-trichloropropane (TCP) by integrating γ-HCH and TCP biodegradation pathways into the chromosome of P. putida KT2440. Furthermore, the chromosomal integration efficiencies of γ-HCH and TCP biodegradation pathways were improved to 50% and 41.6% in P. putida KT2440, respectively, by the inactivation of a type I DNA restriction-modification system. The currently developed pathway construction strategy coupled with the mutant KTUΔhsdRMS will facilitate implantation of heterologous catabolic pathways into the chromosome for rapid evolution of the biodegradation capacity of P. putida. More importantly, the successful removal of γ-HCH (10 mg/kg soil) and TCP (0.2 mM) from soil and wastewater within 14 days, respectively, highlighted the potential of the novel degrader for in situ bioremediation of γ-HCH- and TCP-contaminated sites. Moreover, chromosomal integration of gfp made the degrader to be monitored easily during bioremediation. In the future, this strategy can be expanded to a broad range of bacterial species for widespread applications in bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - You Che
- Environmental Microbiome Engineering and Biotechnology Laboratory, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Fang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jiacheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Weixia Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Environmental Microbiome Engineering and Biotechnology Laboratory, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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Massot F, Gkorezis P, Van Hamme J, Marino D, Trifunovic BS, Vukovic G, d'Haen J, Pintelon I, Giulietti AM, Merini L, Vangronsveld J, Thijs S. Isolation, Biochemical and Genomic Characterization of Glyphosate Tolerant Bacteria to Perform Microbe-Assisted Phytoremediation. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:598507. [PMID: 33519737 PMCID: PMC7840833 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.598507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The large-scale use of the herbicide glyphosate leads to growing ecotoxicological and human health concerns. Microbe-assisted phytoremediation arises as a good option to remove, contain, or degrade glyphosate from soils and waterbodies, and thus avoid further spreading to non-target areas. To achieve this, availability of plant-colonizing, glyphosate-tolerant and -degrading strains is required and at the same time, it must be linked to plant-microorganism interaction studies focusing on a substantive ability to colonize the roots and degrade or transform the herbicide. In this work, we isolated bacteria from a chronically glyphosate-exposed site in Argentina, evaluated their glyphosate tolerance using the minimum inhibitory concentration assay, their in vitro degradation potential, their plant growth-promotion traits, and performed whole genome sequencing to gain insight into the application of a phytoremediation strategy to remediate glyphosate contaminated agronomic soils. Twenty-four soil and root-associated bacterial strains were isolated. Sixteen could grow using glyphosate as the sole source of phosphorous. As shown in MIC assay, some strains tolerated up to 10000 mg kg–1 of glyphosate. Most of them also demonstrated a diverse spectrum of in vitro plant growth-promotion traits, confirmed in their genome sequences. Two representative isolates were studied for their root colonization. An isolate of Ochrobactrum haematophilum exhibited different colonization patterns in the rhizoplane compared to an isolate of Rhizobium sp. Both strains were able to metabolize almost 50% of the original glyphosate concentration of 50 mg l–1 in 9 days. In a microcosms experiment with Lotus corniculatus L, O. haematophilum performed better than Rhizobium, with 97% of glyphosate transformed after 20 days. The results suggest that L. corniculatus in combination with to O. haematophilum can be adopted for phytoremediation of glyphosate on agricultural soils. An effective strategy is presented of linking the experimental data from the isolation of tolerant bacteria with performing plant-bacteria interaction tests to demonstrate positive effects on the removal of glyphosate from soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Massot
- Cátedra de Biotecnología, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín, Argentina.,Instituto de Nanobiotecnología (NANOBIOTEC), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín, Argentina
| | - Panagiotis Gkorezis
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Van Hamme
- Department of Biological Sciences, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, BC, Canada
| | - Damian Marino
- Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de la Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
| | | | - Gorica Vukovic
- Department of Phytomedicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jan d'Haen
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO-IMEC), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Isabel Pintelon
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ana María Giulietti
- Cátedra de Biotecnología, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín, Argentina.,Instituto de Nanobiotecnología (NANOBIOTEC), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín, Argentina
| | | | - Jaco Vangronsveld
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Department of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Sofie Thijs
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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Bourigault Y, Chane A, Barbey C, Jafra S, Czajkowski R, Latour X. Biosensors Used for Epifluorescence and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopies to Study Dickeya and Pectobacterium Virulence and Biocontrol. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9020295. [PMID: 33535657 PMCID: PMC7912877 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9020295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Promoter-probe vectors carrying fluorescent protein-reporter genes are powerful tools used to study microbial ecology, epidemiology, and etiology. In addition, they provide direct visual evidence of molecular interactions related to cell physiology and metabolism. Knowledge and advances carried out thanks to the construction of soft-rot Pectobacteriaceae biosensors, often inoculated in potato Solanum tuberosum, are discussed in this review. Under epifluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopies, Dickeya and Pectobacterium-tagged strains managed to monitor in situ bacterial viability, microcolony and biofilm formation, and colonization of infected plant organs, as well as disease symptoms, such as cell-wall lysis and their suppression by biocontrol antagonists. The use of dual-colored reporters encoding the first fluorophore expressed from a constitutive promoter as a cell tag, while a second was used as a regulator-based reporter system, was also used to simultaneously visualize bacterial spread and activity. This revealed the chronology of events leading to tuber maceration and quorum-sensing communication, in addition to the disruption of the latter by biocontrol agents. The promising potential of these fluorescent biosensors should make it possible to apprehend other activities, such as subcellular localization of key proteins involved in bacterial virulence in planta, in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvann Bourigault
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment (LMSM EA 4312), University of Rouen Normandy, 55 rue Saint-Germain, F-27000 Evreux, France; (Y.B.); (A.C.); (C.B.)
- Research Federations NORVEGE Fed4277 & NORSEVE, Normandy University, F-76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Andrea Chane
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment (LMSM EA 4312), University of Rouen Normandy, 55 rue Saint-Germain, F-27000 Evreux, France; (Y.B.); (A.C.); (C.B.)
| | - Corinne Barbey
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment (LMSM EA 4312), University of Rouen Normandy, 55 rue Saint-Germain, F-27000 Evreux, France; (Y.B.); (A.C.); (C.B.)
- Research Federations NORVEGE Fed4277 & NORSEVE, Normandy University, F-76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Sylwia Jafra
- Division of Biological Plant Protection, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology UG and MUG, University of Gdansk, ul. A. Abrahama 58, 80-307 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Robert Czajkowski
- Division of Biologically Active Compounds, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology UG and MUG, University of Gdansk, ul. A. Abrahama 58, 80-307 Gdansk, Poland
- Correspondence: (R.C.); (X.L.); Tel.: +48-58-523-63-33 (R.C.); +33-235-146-000 (X.L.)
| | - Xavier Latour
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment (LMSM EA 4312), University of Rouen Normandy, 55 rue Saint-Germain, F-27000 Evreux, France; (Y.B.); (A.C.); (C.B.)
- Research Federations NORVEGE Fed4277 & NORSEVE, Normandy University, F-76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- Correspondence: (R.C.); (X.L.); Tel.: +48-58-523-63-33 (R.C.); +33-235-146-000 (X.L.)
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He M, Tian Z, Liu Q, Guo Y. Trichoderma asperellum promotes cadmium accumulation within maize seedlings. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2021.1997155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mengting He
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Zengyuan Tian
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Yuqi Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
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Coppola F, Perrella F, Petrone A, Donati G, Rega N. A Not Obvious Correlation Between the Structure of Green Fluorescent Protein Chromophore Pocket and Hydrogen Bond Dynamics: A Choreography From ab initio Molecular Dynamics. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:569990. [PMID: 33195416 PMCID: PMC7653547 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.569990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) is a widely studied chemical system both for its large amount of applications and the complexity of the excited state proton transfer responsible of the change in the protonation state of the chromophore. A detailed investigation on the structure of the chromophore environment and the influence of chromophore form (either neutral or anionic) on it is of crucial importance to understand how these factors could potentially influence the protein function. In this study, we perform a detailed computational investigation based on the analysis of ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations, to disentangle the main structural quantities determining the fine balance in the chromophore environment. We found that specific hydrogen bonds interactions directly involving the chromophore (or not), are correlated to quantities, such as the volume of the cavity in which the chromophore is embedded and that it is importantly affected by the chromophore protonation state. The cross-correlation analysis performed on some of these hydrogen bonds and the cavity volume, demonstrates a direct correlation among them and we also identified the ones specifically involved in this correlation. We also found that specific interactions among residues far in the space are correlated, demonstrating the complexity of the chromophore environment and that many structural quantities have to be taken into account to properly describe and understand the main factors tuning the active site of the protein. From an overall evaluation of the results obtained in this work, it is shown that the residues which a priori are perceived to be spectators play instead an important role in both influencing the chromophore environment (cavity volume) and its dynamics (cross-correlations among spatially distant residues).
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Coppola
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Fulvio Perrella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessio Petrone
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Greta Donati
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Nadia Rega
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare@CRIB, Naples, Italy
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Comparison of Two Inoculation Methods of Endophytic Bacteria to Enhance Phytodegradation Efficacy of an Aged Petroleum Hydrocarbons Polluted Soil. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10081196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Endophyte-enhanced phytodegradation is a promising technology to clean up polluted soils. To improve the success rate of this nature-based remediation approach, it is important to advance the inoculation method as this has been shown to strongly affect the final outcome. However, studies evaluating inoculation strategies and their effect on hydrocarbon degradation are limited. This study aims to investigate two different manners of endophyte inoculation in Lolium perenne growing in an aged petroleum hydrocarbon polluted soil: (1) direct soil inoculation (SI), and (2) pre-inoculation of the caryopses followed by soil inoculation (PI). Different endophytic bacterial strains, Rhodococcus erythropolis 5WK and Rhizobium sp. 10WK, were applied individually as well as in combination. Depending on the method of inoculation, the petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) degradation potential was significantly different. The highest PHC removal was achieved after pre-inoculation of ryegrass caryopses with a consortium of both bacterial strains. Moreover, both strains established in the aged-polluted soil and could also colonize the roots and shoots of L. perenne. Importantly, used endophytes showed the selective colonization of the environment compartments. Our findings show that the method of inoculation determines the efficiency of the phytodegradation process, especially the rate of PHC degradation. This study provides valuable information for choosing the most cost-effective and beneficial means to optimize phytodegradation.
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11
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Park S, Kim S, Park J, Cho KH. Real-time monitoring the spatial distribution of organic fouling using fluorescence imaging technique. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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12
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Romano I, Ventorino V, Pepe O. Effectiveness of Plant Beneficial Microbes: Overview of the Methodological Approaches for the Assessment of Root Colonization and Persistence. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:6. [PMID: 32076431 PMCID: PMC7006617 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Issues concerning the use of harmful chemical fertilizers and pesticides that have large negative impacts on environmental and human health have generated increasing interest in the use of beneficial microorganisms for the development of sustainable agri-food systems. A successful microbial inoculant has to colonize the root system, establish a positive interaction and persist in the environment in competition with native microorganisms living in the soil through rhizocompetence traits. Currently, several approaches based on culture-dependent, microscopic and molecular methods have been developed to follow bioinoculants in the soil and plant surface over time. Although culture-dependent methods are commonly used to estimate the persistence of bioinoculants, it is difficult to differentiate inoculated organisms from native populations based on morphological characteristics. Therefore, these methods should be used complementary to culture-independent approaches. Microscopy-based techniques (bright-field, electron and fluorescence microscopy) allow to obtain a picture of microbial colonization outside and inside plant tissues also at high resolution, but it is not possible to always distinguish living cells from dead cells by direct observation as well as distinguish bioinoculants from indigenous microbial populations living in soils. In addition, the development of metagenomic techniques, including the use of DNA probes, PCR-based methods, next-generation sequencing, whole-genome sequencing and pangenome methods, provides a complementary approach useful to understand plant-soil-microbe interactions. However, to ensure good results in microbiological analysis, the first fundamental prerequisite is correct soil sampling and sample preparation for the different methodological approaches that will be assayed. Here, we provide an overview of the advantages and limitations of the currently used methods and new methodological approaches that could be developed to assess the presence, plant colonization and soil persistence of bioinoculants in the rhizosphere. We further discuss the possibility of integrating multidisciplinary approaches to examine the variations in microbial communities after inoculation and to track the inoculated microbial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Romano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Ventorino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: Valeria Ventorino,
| | - Olimpia Pepe
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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13
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Zhai Z, Du J, Chen L, Hamid MR, Du X, Kong X, Cheng J, Tang W, Zhang D, Su P, Liu Y. A genetic tool for production of GFP-expressing Rhodopseudomonas palustris for visualization of bacterial colonization. AMB Express 2019; 9:141. [PMID: 31506772 PMCID: PMC6737145 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-019-0866-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of a genetic tool for visualization of photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) is essential for understanding microbial function during their interaction with plant and microflora. In this study, Rhodopseudomonas palustris GJ-22-gfp harboring the vector pBBR1-pckAPT-gfp was constructed using an electroporation transformation method and was used for dynamic tracing of bacteria in plants. The results showed that strain GJ-22-gfp was stable and did not affect the biocontrol function, and the Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) results indicated it could successfully colonised on the surface of leaf and root of tobacco and rice. In tobacco leaves, cells formed aggregates on the mesophyll epidermal cells. While in rice, no aggregate was found. Instead, the fluorescent cells colonise the longitudinal intercellular spaces between epidermal cells. In addition, the results of strain GJ-22 on the growth promotion and disease resistance of tobacco and rice indicated that the different colonization patterns might be related to the bacteria could induce systemic resistance in tobacco.
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14
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Kim S, Masum F, Jeon JS. Recent Developments of Chip-based Phenotypic Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-019-3109-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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15
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Stable Expression of Modified Green Fluorescent Protein in Group B Streptococci To Enable Visualization in Experimental Systems. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:AEM.01262-18. [PMID: 30006391 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01262-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a Gram-positive bacterium associated with various diseases in humans and animals. Many studies have examined GBS physiology, virulence, and microbe-host interactions using diverse imaging approaches, including fluorescence microscopy. Strategies to label and visualize GBS using fluorescence biomarkers have been limited to antibody-based methods or nonspecific stains that bind DNA or protein; an effective plasmid-based system to label GBS with a fluorescence biomarker would represent a useful visualization tool. In this study, we developed and validated a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-variant-expressing plasmid, pGU2664, which can be applied as a marker to visualize GBS in experimental studies. The synthetic constitutively active CP25 promoter drives strong and stable expression of the GFPmut3 biomarker in GBS strains carrying pGU2664. GBS maintains GFPmut3 activity at different phases of growth. The application of fluorescence polarization enables easy discrimination of GBS GFPmut3 activity from the autofluorescence of culture media commonly used to grow GBS. Differential interference contrast microscopy, in combination with epifluorescence microscopy to detect GFPmut3 in GBS, enabled visualization of bacterial attachment to live human epithelial cells in real time. Plasmid pGU2664 was also used to visualize phenotypic differences in the adherence of wild-type GBS and an isogenic gene-deficient mutant strain lacking CovR (the control of virulence regulator) in adhesion assays. The system for GFPmut3 expression in GBS described in this study provides a new tool for the visualization of this organism in diverse research applications. We discuss the advantages and consider the limitations of this fluorescent biomarker system developed for GBS.IMPORTANCE Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a bacterium associated with various diseases in humans and animals. This study describes the development of a strategy to label and visualize GBS using a fluorescence biomarker, termed GFPmut3. We show that this biomarker can be successfully applied to track the growth of bacteria in liquid medium, and it enables the detailed visualization of GBS in the context of live human cells in real-time microscopic analysis. The system for GFPmut3 expression in GBS described in this study provides a new tool for the visualization of this organism in diverse research applications.
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16
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Zhang T, Ren P, De Jesus M, Chaturvedi V, Chaturvedi S. Green Fluorescent Protein Expression in Pseudogymnoascus destructans to Study Its Abiotic and Biotic Lifestyles. Mycopathologia 2018; 183:805-814. [PMID: 29987576 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-018-0285-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd) is the etiologic agent of bat White-nose syndrome, a disease that has caused the unprecedented reduction in the hibernating bat populations across eastern North America. The Pd pathogenesis appears to be a complex adaptation of fungus in its abiotic (caves and mines) and biotic (bats) environments. There is a general lack of experimental tools for the study of Pd biology. We described the successful expression of codon-optimized synthetic green fluorescent protein sGFP in Pd. The sGFP(S65T) gene was first fused in frame with the Aspergillus nidulans promoter in the tumor-inducing plasmid pRF-HUE, and the resulting plasmid pHUE-sGFP(S65T) was transformed into Pd by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation system. The integration of sGFP(S65T) in Pd genome was analyzed by PCR, and single integration frequency of approximately 66% was confirmed by Southern hybridization. Fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometric analyses of two randomly selected transformants with single integration revealed high expression of sGFP in both spores and hyphal structures. The biology of mutants as judged by sporulation, growth rate, and urease production was not altered indicating sGFP is not toxic to Pd. Thus, we have generated a valuable tool that will facilitate the elucidation of Pd biology, ecology, and pathogenicity in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Mycology Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Ren
- Mycology Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Magdia De Jesus
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Vishnu Chaturvedi
- Mycology Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA.
| | - Sudha Chaturvedi
- Mycology Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA.
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17
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Gong T, Xu X, Dang Y, Kong A, Wu Y, Liang P, Wang S, Yu H, Xu P, Yang C. An engineered Pseudomonas putida can simultaneously degrade organophosphates, pyrethroids and carbamates. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 628-629:1258-1265. [PMID: 30045547 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural soils are often polluted with a variety of pesticides. Unfortunately, natural microorganisms lack the capacity to simultaneously degrade different types of pesticides. Currently, synthetic biology provides powerful approaches to create versatile degraders. In this work, a biosafety strain Pseudomonas putida KT2440 was engineered for simultaneous degradation of organophosphates, pyrethroids, and carbamates, enhanced oxygen-sequestering capability, and real-time monitoring by targeted insertion of four pesticide-degrading genes, vgb, and gfp into the chromosome using a scarless genome-editing method. The resulting recombinant strain, designated as P. putida KTUe, could completely degrade 50mg/L methyl parathion, chlorpyrifos, fenpropathrin, cypermethrin, carbofuran and carbaryl within 30h when incubated in M9 minimal medium supplemented with 20g/L glucose. In soil remediation studies, all the tested six pesticides (50mg/kg soil each) were completely removed in soils inoculated with P. putida KTUe within 15days. Moreover, Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb)-expressing P. putida KTUe grew faster than P. putida KTUd without VHb expression under oxygen-limited conditions, suggesting that VHb may enhance the capability of this recombinant strain to sequester oxygen. Furthermore, the green fluorescence was observed on the P. putida KTUe cells, suggesting that this green fluorescent protein (GFP)-marked strain may be tracked by fluorescence during bioremediation. Therefore, this recombinant strain may serve as a promising candidate for in situ bioremediation of soil contaminated with multiple pesticides. This work not only underscores the value of P. putida KT2440 as an ideal host for bioremediation but also highlights the power of synthetic biology for expanding the degradation capability of natural degraders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Gong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yulei Dang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Annie Kong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yunbo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Peixin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shufang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Huilei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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18
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Goswami M, Khan FA, Ibrisevic A, Olsson PE, Jass J. Development of Escherichia coli-based gene expression profiling of sewage sludge leachates. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 125:1502-1517. [PMID: 29928772 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The impact of municipal waste on pathogenic micro-organisms released into the environment is a public health concern. This study aims to evaluate the effects of sewage sludge and antibiotic contaminants on stress response, virulence and antibiotic resistance in a pathogenic Escherichia coli. METHODS AND RESULTS The effects of sewage sludge leachates on uropathogenic E. coli CFT073 were determined by monitoring the expression of 45 genes associated with antibiotic/metal resistance, stress response and virulence using RT-qPCR. The E. coli gene expression was validated using subinhibitory concentrations of tetracycline and ciprofloxacin. E. coli exposed to sewage sludge or sewage sludge+fly ash leachates altered the expression of five antibiotic and metal resistance, three stress response and two virulence-associated genes. When antibiotics were combined with sludge or sludge+fly ash the antibiotic-associated gene expression was altered. CONCLUSIONS E. coli treated with two sludge leachates had distinct gene expression patterns that were altered when the sludge leachates were combined with tetracycline, although to a lesser extent with ciprofloxacin. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The E. coli multigene expression analysis is a potential new tool for assessing the effects of pollutants on pathogenic microbes in environmental waters for improved risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Goswami
- The Life Science Center-Biology, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - F A Khan
- The Life Science Center-Biology, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - A Ibrisevic
- Eskilstuna Strängnäs Energi & Miljö AB, Eskilstuna, Sweden
| | - P-E Olsson
- The Life Science Center-Biology, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - J Jass
- The Life Science Center-Biology, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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19
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Matejczyk M, Świsłocka R, Golonko A, Lewandowski W, Hawrylik E. Cytotoxic, genotoxic and antimicrobial activity of caffeic and rosmarinic acids and their lithium, sodium and potassium salts as potential anticancer compounds. Adv Med Sci 2018; 63:14-21. [PMID: 28818744 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to examine the cytotoxic, genotoxic, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of caffeic and rosmarinic acids and their salts with Li, Na and K with use of Escherichia coli K-12 recA:gfp strain as a model organism. METHODS Cytotoxic potency of tested chemicals were calculated on the basis on the dose that confers inhibition percentage such as 20% for each concentrations of analysed chemicals. Genotoxic properties were calculated on the basis of the fold increase (FI) of SFI values normalized with control. Antioxidant potencies were established on the base of DPPH assay. Antimicrobial activity of chemicals were established on the value of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). RESULTS Obtained results indicated that lower concentrations of tested compounds exhibited stronger GFP fluorescence response after rosmarinic acids and their salts treatment. Genotoxic effects seemed to be independent of the salt ions. The caffeic acid salts with Li, Na and K showed reduced genotoxic effect in comparison to the caffeic acid while increased cytotoxic effect than that of caffeic acid. Moreover, caffeinate salts exhibited better antimicrobial activity against E. coli (MIC=250μg/mL) than K caffeinate salt (MIC>500μg/mL). The MIC values of Li, Na and K rosmarinate salts were above 500μg/mL against all tested microorganisms. CONCLUSION The results of the experiment show that there is no clear positive correlation between the antioxidant potency of caffeic and rosmarinic acids and their Li, Na and K salts and their cytotoxic effect. Used salts ions Li, Na and K do not significantly affect the antioxidant effect of natural phenolic compounds and they do not have a significant impact on the biological parameters such as cyto- and genotoxicity. Perhaps it is connected with the reaction environment including polarity of the solvent (water).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Matejczyk
- Bialystok University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Division of Sanitary Biology and Biotechnology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Renata Świsłocka
- Bialystok University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Division of Chemistry, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Golonko
- Bialystok University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Division of Chemistry, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Lewandowski
- Bialystok University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Division of Chemistry, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Eliza Hawrylik
- Bialystok University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Division of Sanitary Biology and Biotechnology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
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20
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Colonization and Maize Growth Promotion Induced by Phosphate Solubilizing Bacterial Isolates. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071253. [PMID: 28661431 PMCID: PMC5535823 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) limits the production of maize, one of the major food crops in China. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) have the capacity to solubilize phosphate complexes into plant absorbable and utilizable forms by the process of acidification, chelation, and exchange reactions. In this study, six bacteria, including one Paenibacillus sp. B1 strain, four Pseudomonas sp. strains (B10, B14, SX1, and SX2) and one Sphingobium sp. SX14 strain, were those isolated from the maize rhizosphere and identified based on their 16S rRNA sequences. All strains could solubilize inorganic P (Ca3(PO4)2, FePO4 and AlPO4), and only B1 and B10 organic P (lecithin). All strains, except of SX1, produced IAA, and SX14 and B1 showed the highest level. B1 incited the highest increase in root length and the second increase in shoot and total dry weight, shoot length, and total P and nitrogen (N), along with increased root length. In addition, by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), we found that green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled B1 mainly colonized root surfaces and in epidermal and cortical tissue. Importantly, B1 can survive through forming spores under adverse conditions and prolong quality guarantee period of bio-fertilizer. Therefore, it can act as a good substitute for bio-fertilizer to promote agricultural sustainability.
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21
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Shi Y, Li C, Yang H, Zhang T, Gao Y, Chu M, Zeng J, Lin Q, OuTiKuEr, Li Y, Huo X, Lou K. Colonization study of gfp-tagged Achromobacter marplatensis strain in sugar beet. J Microbiol 2017; 55:267-272. [PMID: 28124776 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-017-6371-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study details the introduction of a gfp marker into an endophytic bacterial strain (Achromobacter marplatensis strain 17, isolated from sugar beet) to monitor its colonization of sugar beet (Beta. vulgaris L.). Stability of the plasmid encoding the gfp was confirmed in vitro for at least 72 h of bacterial growth and after the colonization of tissues, under nonselective conditions. The colonization was observed using fluorescence microscopy and enumeration of culturable endophytes in inoculated sugar beet plants that grew for 10 or 20 days. gfp-Expressing strains were re-isolated from the inner tissues of surface-sterilized roots and stems of inoculated plants, and the survival of the Achromobacter marplatensis 17:gfp strain in plants 20 days after inoculation, even in the absence of selective pressure, suggests that it is good colonizer. These results also suggest that this strain could be a useful tool for the delivery of enzymes or other proteins into plants. In addition, the study highlights that sugar beet plants can be used effectively for detailed in vitro studies on the interactions between A. marplatensis strain 17 and its host, particularly if a gfp-tagged strain of the pathogen is used.
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Affiliation(s)
- YingWu Shi
- Institute of Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, P. R. China.,Xinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Chun Li
- Institute of Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, P. R. China.,Xinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - HongMei Yang
- Institute of Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, P. R. China.,Xinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, P. R. China.,Xinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Yan Gao
- Institute of Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, P. R. China.,Xinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Min Chu
- Institute of Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, P. R. China.,Xinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zeng
- Institute of Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, P. R. China.,Xinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Qing Lin
- Institute of Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, P. R. China.,Xinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - OuTiKuEr
- Institute of Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, P. R. China.,Xinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - YuGuo Li
- Institute of Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, P. R. China.,Xinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Xiangdong Huo
- Institute of Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, P. R. China.,Xinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Kai Lou
- Institute of Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, P. R. China. .,Xinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, P. R. China.
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22
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Sabuquillo P, Gea A, Matas IM, Ramos C, Cubero J. The use of stable and unstable green fluorescent proteins for studies in two bacterial models: Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. Arch Microbiol 2016; 199:581-590. [PMID: 27995281 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-016-1327-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent proteins have been used to track plant pathogens to understand their host interactions. To be useful, the transgenic pathogens must present similar behaviour than the wild-type isolates. Herein, a GFP marker was used to transform two plant pathogenic bacteria, Agrobacterium and Xanthomonas, to localize and track the bacteria during infection. The transgenic bacteria were evaluated to determine whether they showed the same fitness than the wild-type strains or whether the expression of the GFP protein interfered in the bacterial activity. In Agrobacterium, the plasmid used for transformation was stable in the bacteria and the strain kept the virulence, while Xanthomonas was not able to conserve the plasmid and transformed strains showed virulence variations compared to wild-type strains. Although marking bacteria with GFP to track infection in plants is a common issue, works to validate the transgenic strains and corroborate their fitness are not usual. Results, presented here, confirm the importance of proper fitness tests on the marked strains before performing localization assays, to avoid underestimation of the microbe population or possible artificial effects in its interaction with the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Sabuquillo
- Laboratorio de Bacteriología. Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Adela Gea
- Laboratorio de Bacteriología. Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel M Matas
- Área de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea 'La Mayora', Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Málaga, Spain.,Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-UPNA, Gobierno de Navarra, 31192, Mutilva, Navarra, Spain
| | - Cayo Ramos
- Área de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea 'La Mayora', Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Málaga, Spain
| | - Jaime Cubero
- Laboratorio de Bacteriología. Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain.
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Green fluorescent protein labeling of food pathogens Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. J Microbiol Methods 2016; 132:21-26. [PMID: 27838541 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Labeling of bacteria with marker genes, such as green fluorescent protein, is a useful and practicable tool for tracking and enumerating bacterial cells in a complex environment e.g. discrimination from the indigenous background population. In this study, novel TurboGFP prokaryotic expression vector was utilized for labeling of Yersinia species. Y. enterocolitica biovar 1A, biovar 2, biovar 4 and Y. pseudotuberculosis were successfully transformed with the vector and expressed bright green fluorescence that was even detectable visually by eye. No adverse effects were observed in growth behavior of the labeled strains compared to wild type (parental) strains and vector maintenance for longer time periods could be achieved for Y. enterocolitica biovar 1A, Y. enterocolitica biovar 2 and Y. pseudotuberculosis.
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Plotnikova EG, Shumkova ES, Shumkov MS. Whole-cell bacterial biosensors for the detection of aromatic hydrocarbons and their chlorinated derivatives (Review). APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683816040128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Koutsoumanis KP, Aspridou Z. Individual cell heterogeneity in Predictive Food Microbiology: Challenges in predicting a "noisy" world. Int J Food Microbiol 2016; 240:3-10. [PMID: 27412586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Gene expression is a fundamentally noisy process giving rise to a significant cell to cell variability at the phenotype level. The phenotypic noise is manifested in a wide range of microbial traits. Heterogeneous behavior of individual cells is observed at the growth, survival and inactivation responses and should be taken into account in the context of Predictive Food Microbiology (PMF). Recent methodological advances can be employed for the study and modeling of single cell dynamics leading to a new generation of mechanistic models which can provide insight into the link between phenotype, gene-expression, protein and metabolic functional units at the single cell level. Such models however, need to deal with an enormous amount of interactions and processes that influence each other, forming an extremely complex system. In this review paper, we discuss the importance of noise and present the future challenges in predicting the "noisy" microbial responses in foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos P Koutsoumanis
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
| | - Zafiro Aspridou
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
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Sun K, Liu J, Gao Y, Sheng Y, Kang F, Waigi MG. Inoculating plants with the endophytic bacterium Pseudomonas sp. Ph6-gfp to reduce phenanthrene contamination. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:19529-19537. [PMID: 26263885 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5128-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Plant organic contamination poses a serious threat to the safety of agricultural products and human health worldwide, and the association of endophytic bacteria with host plants may decrease organic pollutants in planta. In this study, we firstly determined the growth response and biofilm formation of endophytic Pseudomonas sp. Ph6-gfp, and then systematically evaluated the performance of different plant colonization methods (seed soaking (SS), root soaking (RS), leaf painting (LP)) for circumventing the risk of plant phenanthrene (PHE) contamination. After inoculation for 48 h, strain Ph6-gfp grew efficiently with PHE, oxalic acid, or malic acid as the sole sources of carbon and energy. Moreover, strain Ph6-gfp could form robust biofilms in LB medium. In greenhouse hydroponic experiments, strain Ph6-gfp could actively colonize inoculated plants internally, and plants colonized with Ph6-gfp showed a higher capacity for PHE removal. Compared with the Ph6-gfp-free treatment, the accumulations of PHE in Ph6-gfp-colonized plants via SS, RS, and LP were 20.1, 33.1, and 7.1 %, respectively, lower. Our results indicate that inoculating plants with Ph6-gfp could lower the risk of plant PHE contamination. RS was most efficient for improving PHE removal in whole plant bodies by increasing the cell numbers of Ph6-gfp in plant roots. The findings in this study provide an optimized method to strain Ph6-gfp reduce plant PAH residues, which may be applied to agricultural production in PAH-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sun
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Road 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Road 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yanzheng Gao
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Road 1, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Yuehui Sheng
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Road 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fuxing Kang
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Road 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Michael Gatheru Waigi
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Road 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
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Deering AJ, Jack DR, Pruitt RE, Mauer LJ. Movement of Salmonella serovar Typhimurium and E. coli O157:H7 to Ripe Tomato Fruit Following Various Routes of Contamination. Microorganisms 2015; 3:809-25. [PMID: 27682118 PMCID: PMC5023275 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms3040809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella serovars have been associated with the majority of foodborne illness outbreaks involving tomatoes, and E. coli O157:H7 has caused outbreaks involving other fresh produce. Contamination by both pathogens has been thought to originate from all points of the growing and distribution process. To determine if Salmonella serovar Typhimurium and E. coli O157:H7 could move to the mature tomato fruit of different tomato cultivars following contamination, three different contamination scenarios (seed, leaf, and soil) were examined. Following contamination, each cultivar appeared to respond differently to the presence of the pathogens, with most producing few fruit and having overall poor health. The Micro-Tom cultivar, however, produced relatively more fruit and E. coli O157:H7 was detected in the ripe tomatoes for both the seed- and leaf- contaminated plants, but not following soil contamination. The Roma cultivar produced fewer fruit, but was the only cultivar in which E. coli O157:H7 was detected via all three routes of contamination. Only two of the five cultivars produced tomatoes following seed-, leaf-, and soil- contamination with Salmonella Typhimurium, and no Salmonella was found in any of the tomatoes. Together these results show that different tomato cultivars respond differently to the presence of a human pathogen, and for E. coli O157:H7, in particular, tomato plants that are either contaminated as seeds or have a natural opening or a wound, that allows bacteria to enter the leaves can result in plants that have the potential to produce tomatoes that harbor internalized pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Deering
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Dan R Jack
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Robert E Pruitt
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, 915 W. State St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Lisa J Mauer
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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Dai J, Suh SJ, Hamon M, Hong JW. Determination of antibiotic EC50 using a zero-flow microfluidic chip based growth phenotype assay. Biotechnol J 2015; 10:1783-91. [PMID: 26110969 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201500037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Current existing assay systems for evaluating antimicrobial activity suffer from several limitations including excess reagent consumption and inaccurate concentration gradient preparation. Recently, microfluidic systems have been developed to provide miniaturized platforms for antimicrobial susceptibility assays. However, some of current microfluidic based assays require continuous flows of reagents or elaborate preparation steps during concentration preparation. In this study, we introduce a novel microfluidic chip based growth phenotype assay that automatically generates a logarithmic concentration gradient and allows observing the growth of pathogenic bacteria under different concentrations of antibiotics in nanoliter batch culture reactors. We chose pathogen bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a model strain and evaluated the inhibitory effects of gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. We determined the EC50 values and confirmed the validity of the present system by comparing the EC50 values obtained through conventional test tube method. We demonstrated that the EC50 values acquired from present assay are comparable to those obtained from conventional test tube cultures. The potential application of present assay system for investigating combinatorial effects of antibiotics on multidrug resistant pathogenic bacteria is discussed and it can be further used for systematic evaluation of antifungal or antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dai
- Materials Research and Education Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Sang-Jin Suh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Morgan Hamon
- Materials Research and Education Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Jong Wook Hong
- Materials Research and Education Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA. .,Department of Bionano Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea.
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Gengler S, Batoko H, Wattiau P. Method for fluorescent marker swapping and its application in Steinernema nematode colonization studies. J Microbiol Methods 2015; 113:34-7. [PMID: 25835465 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2015.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
An allelic exchange vector was constructed to replace gfp by mCherry in bacteria previously tagged with mini-Tn5 derivatives. The method was successfully applied to a gfp-labeled Yersinia pseudotuberculosis strain and the re-engineered bacterium was used to study the colonization of Steinernema nematodes hosting their Xenorhabdus symbiont using dual-color confocal microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Gengler
- Veterinary & Agrochemical Research Centre, Brussels, Belgium; Institute of life sciences (ISV), Catholic University of Louvain-la-Neuve (UCL), Belgium
| | - Henri Batoko
- Institute of life sciences (ISV), Catholic University of Louvain-la-Neuve (UCL), Belgium
| | - Pierre Wattiau
- Veterinary & Agrochemical Research Centre, Brussels, Belgium.
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Hoogenkamp MA, Crielaard W, Krom BP. Uses and limitations of green fluorescent protein as a viability marker in Enterococcus faecalis: An observational investigation. J Microbiol Methods 2015; 115:57-63. [PMID: 26015063 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2015.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Enterococci are capable of producing biofilms that are notoriously difficult to treat and remove, for instance in root canal infections. The tenacious nature of these organisms makes screening of known and novel antimicrobial compounds necessary. While traditionally growth and fluorescence-based screening methods have proven useful, these methods have their limitations when applied to enterococci (e.g. time consuming, no kinetic data, diffusion properties of the fluorescent dyes). The aim of this study was to develop and validate a GFP-based high-throughput screening system to assess the bactericidal activity of a broad range of antimicrobial agents on Enterococcus faecalis and its biofilms. The effect of antimicrobial compounds on cell viability and GFP fluorescence of enterococcal planktonic and biofilm cells was determined using colony forming unit counts, fluorescence spectrophotometry and real-time imaging devices. There was a linear correlation between cell viability and GFP fluorescence. The intensity of the GFP signal was effected by the extracellular pH. For a range of antimicrobials however, there was no correlation between these two parameters. In contrast, for oxidizing agents such as sodium hypochlorite, the antimicrobial of choice for root canal disinfection, there was a correlation between loss of fluorescence and loss of viability. To conclude, the use of a GFP-based system to monitor the antimicrobial activity of compounds on E. faecalis is possible despite significant limitations. This approach is useful for analysis of susceptibility to oxidizing agents. Using real-time measuring devices to follow GFP fluorescence it should be possible to investigate the mode of action and rate of diffusion of oxidizing agents in E. faecalis biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel A Hoogenkamp
- Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Wim Crielaard
- Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan P Krom
- Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Montenegro-Rodríguez C, Peirotén A, Sanchez-Jimenez A, Arqués JL, Landete JM. Analysis of gene expression of bifidobacteria using as the reporter an anaerobic fluorescent protein. Biotechnol Lett 2015; 37:1405-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-015-1802-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Bonaldi M, Chen X, Kunova A, Pizzatti C, Saracchi M, Cortesi P. Colonization of lettuce rhizosphere and roots by tagged Streptomyces. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:25. [PMID: 25705206 PMCID: PMC4319463 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Beneficial microorganisms are increasingly used in agriculture, but their efficacy often fails due to limited knowledge of their interactions with plants and other microorganisms present in rhizosphere. We studied spatio-temporal colonization dynamics of lettuce roots and rhizosphere by genetically modified Streptomyces spp. Five Streptomyces strains, strongly inhibiting in vitro the major soil-borne pathogen of horticultural crops, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, were transformed with pIJ8641 plasmid harboring an enhanced green fluorescent protein marker and resistance to apramycin. The fitness of transformants was compared to the wild-type strains and all of them grew and sporulated at similar rates and retained the production of enzymes and selected secondary metabolites as well as in vitro inhibition of S. sclerotiorum. The tagged ZEA17I strain was selected to study the dynamics of lettuce roots and rhizosphere colonization in non-sterile growth substrate. The transformed strain was able to colonize soil, developing roots, and rhizosphere. When the strain was inoculated directly on the growth substrate, significantly more t-ZEA17I was re-isolated both from the rhizosphere and the roots when compared to the amount obtained after seed coating. The re-isolation from the rhizosphere and the inner tissues of surface-sterilized lettuce roots demonstrated that t-ZEA17I is both rhizospheric and endophytic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bonaldi
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan Milan, Italy
| | - Xiaoyulong Chen
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Kunova
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Pizzatti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Saracchi
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Cortesi
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan Milan, Italy
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Shi J, Guo J, Bai G, Chan C, Liu X, Ye W, Hao J, Chen S, Yang M. A graphene oxide based fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor for ultrasensitive detection of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) enzymatic activity. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 65:238-44. [PMID: 25461164 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are among the most potent toxic bacterial proteins for humans, which make them potential agents for bioterrorism. Therefore, an ultrasensitive detection of BoNTs and their active states is in great need as field-deployable systems for anti-terrorism applications. We report the construction of a novel graphene oxide (GO)-peptide based fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor for ultrasensitive detection of the BoNT serotype A light chain (BoNT-LcA) protease activity. A green fluorescence protein (GFP) modified SNAP-25 peptide substrate (SNAP-25-GFP) was optimally designed and synthesized with the centralized recognition/cleavage sites. This FRET platform was constructed by covalent immobilization of peptide substrate on GO with BSA passivation which have advantages of low non-specific adsorption and high stability in protein abundant solution. BoNT-LcA can specifically cleave SNAP-25-GFP substrate covalently immobilized on GO to release the fragment with GFP. Based on fluorescence signal recovery measurement, the target BoNT-LcA was detected sensitively and selectively with the linear detection range from 1fg/mL to 1pg/mL. The limit of detection (LOD) for BoNT-LcA is around 1fg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Shi
- Interdisciplinary Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Jiubiao Guo
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Gongxun Bai
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Chunyu Chan
- Interdisciplinary Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Institute of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Weiwei Ye
- Interdisciplinary Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Jianhua Hao
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Mo Yang
- Interdisciplinary Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR China.
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Sun K, Liu J, Gao Y, Jin L, Gu Y, Wang W. Isolation, plant colonization potential, and phenanthrene degradation performance of the endophytic bacterium Pseudomonas sp. Ph6-gfp. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5462. [PMID: 24964867 PMCID: PMC4071310 DOI: 10.1038/srep05462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This investigation provides a novel method of endophyte-aided removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from plant bodies. A phenanthrene-degrading endophytic bacterium Pseudomonas sp. Ph6 was isolated from clover (Trifolium pratense L.) grown in a PAH-contaminated site. After being marked with the GFP gene, the colonization and distribution of strain Ph6-gfp was directly visualized in plant roots, stems, and leaves for the first time. After ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) roots inoculation, strain Ph6-gfp actively and internally colonized plant roots and transferred vertically to the shoots. Ph6-gfp had a natural capacity to cope with phenanthrene in vitro and in planta. Ph6-gfp degraded 81.1% of phenanthrene (50 mg·L−1) in a culture solution within 15 days. The inoculation of plants with Ph6-gfp reduced the risks associated with plant phenanthrene contamination based on observations of decreased concentration, accumulation, and translocation factors of phenanthrene in ryegrass. Our results will have important ramifications in the assessment of the environmental risks of PAHs and in finding ways to circumvent plant PAH contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sun
- 1] Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China [2]
| | - Juan Liu
- 1] Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China [2]
| | - Yanzheng Gao
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Li Jin
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yujun Gu
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wanqing Wang
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Wen Q, Liu X, Wang H, Lin J. A versatile and efficient markerless gene disruption system forAcidithiobacillus thiooxidans: application for characterizing a copper tolerance related multicopper oxidase gene. Environ Microbiol 2014; 16:3499-514. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 China
| | - Xiangmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 China
| | - Huiyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 China
| | - Jianqun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 China
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Torres AR, Araújo WL, Cursino L, de Barros Rossetto P, Mondin M, Hungria M, Azevedo JL. Colonization of Madagascar periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus), by endophytes encoding gfp marker. Arch Microbiol 2013; 195:483-9. [PMID: 23695435 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-013-0897-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Revised: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the introduction of gfp marker in two endophytic bacterial strains (Pantoea agglomerans C33.1, isolated from cocoa, and Enterobacter cloacae PR2/7, isolated from citrus) to monitor the colonization in Madagascar perinwinkle (Catharanthus roseus). Stability of the plasmid encoding gfp was confirmed in vitro for at least 72 h of bacterial growth and after the colonization of tissues, under non-selective conditions. The colonization was observed using fluorescence microscopy and enumeration of culturable endophytes in inoculated perinwinkle plants that grew for 10 and 20 days. Gfp-expressing strains were re-isolated from the inner tissues of surface-sterilized roots and stems of inoculated plants, and the survival of the P. agglomerans C33:1gfp in plants 20 days after inoculation, even in the absence of selective pressure, suggests that is good colonizer. These results indicated that both gfp-tagged strains, especially P. agglomerans C33.1, may be useful tools to deliver enzymes or other proteins in plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adalgisa Ribeiro Torres
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, PO Box 83, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13400-970, Brazil.
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Xiong M, Hu Z, Zhang Y, Cheng X, Li C. Survival of GFP-tagged Rhodococcus sp. D310-1 in chlorimuron-ethyl-contaminated soil and its effects on the indigenous microbial community. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 252-253:347-354. [PMID: 23542325 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Revised: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The recently isolated bacterial strain Rhodococcus sp. D310-1 can degrade high concentrations of chlorimuron-ethyl (up to 1000 mg L(-1)), indicating its potential for the bioremediation of soil contaminated with high levels of chlorimuron-ethyl. In this study, Rhodococcus sp. D310-1 was tagged with green fluorescent protein gene (gfp) to track its survival in soil. Subsequently, degradation activity of the gfp-tagged strain and its effects on indigenous microbial community were analyzed. Results showed the cell numbers of Rhodococcus sp. D310-1::gfp in non-sterilized soil maintained at 8.5 × 10(4) cells g(-1) dry soil 45 days after inoculation of 7.74 × 10(6) cells g(-1) dry soil and approximately 49% of chlorimuron-ethyl was removed. However, The cell numbers of Rhodococcus sp. D310-1::gfp in sterilized samples increased gradually to 7.85 × 10(7) cells g(-1) dry soil and approximately 78% of chlorimuron-ethyl was removed. PCR-DGGE demonstrated that inoculation of this gfp-tagged strain in chlorimuron-ethyl-contaminated soil has negligible impact on the community structure of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi. These results indicate that Rhodococcus sp. D310-1 is effective for the remediation of chlorimuron-ethyl-contaminated soil and also provides valuable information about the behavior of the inoculant population during bioremediation, which could be directly used in the risk assessment of inoculant population and optimization of bioremediation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Xiong
- College of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Mishra S, Anand D, Vijayarangan N, Ajitkumar P. An accurate method for the qualitative detection and quantification of mycobacterial promoter activity. Open Microbiol J 2013; 7:1-5. [PMID: 23359792 PMCID: PMC3553492 DOI: 10.2174/1874285801307010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Revised: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to determine the half-life of gfpm2+ mRNA, which encodes mycobacterial co-don-optimised highly fluorescent GFPm2+ protein, and to find out whether mycobacterial promoter activity can be quanti-tated more accurately using the mRNA levels of the reporter gene, gfpm2+, than the fluorescence intensity of the GFPm2+ protein. Quantitative PCR of gfpm2+ mRNA in the pulse-chased samples of the rifampicin-treated Mycobacterium smegmatis/gfpm2+ transformant showed the half-life of gfpm2+ mRNA to be 4.081 min. The levels of the gfpm2+ mRNA and the fluorescence intensity of the GFPm2+ protein, which were expressed by the promoters of Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell division gene, ftsZ (MtftsZ), were determined using quantitative PCR and fluorescence spectrophotometry, respectively. The data revealed that quantification of mycobacterial promoter activity by determining the gfpm2+ mRNA levels is more accurate and statistically significant than the measurement of GFPm2+ fluorescence intensity, especially for weak promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Mishra
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore - 560012, Karnataka, India
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Implantation of unmarked regulatory and metabolic modules in Gram-negative bacteria with specialised mini-transposon delivery vectors. J Biotechnol 2013; 163:143-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2012.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Revised: 05/01/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Walawalkar YD, Phadke R, Noronha S, Patankar S, Pillai B. Engineering whole-cell biosensors to evaluate the effect of osmotic conditions on bacteria. ANN MICROBIOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-012-0587-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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41
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Piotrowska-Seget Z, Beściak G, Bernaś T, Kozdrój J. GFP-tagged multimetal-tolerant bacteria and their detection in the rhizosphere of white mustard. ANN MICROBIOL 2012; 62:559-567. [PMID: 22661921 PMCID: PMC3351603 DOI: 10.1007/s13213-011-0292-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of rhizobacteria that tolerate heavy metals is a promising approach to support plants involved in phytoextraction and phytostabilisation. In this study, soil of a metal-mine wasteland was analyzed for the presence of metal-tolerant bacterial isolates, and the tolerance patterns of the isolated strains for a number of heavy metals and antibiotics were compared. Several of the multimetal-tolerant strains were tagged with a broad host range reporter plasmid (i.e. pPROBE-NT) bearing a green fluorescent protein marker gene (gfp). Overall, the metal-tolerant isolates were predominately Gram-negative bacteria. Most of the strains showed a tolerance to five metals (Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb and Cd), but with differing tolerance patterns. From among the successfully tagged isolates, we used the transconjugant Pseudomonas putida G25 (pPROBE-NT) to inoculate white mustard seedlings. Despite a significant decrease in transconjugant abundance in the rhizosphere, the gfp-tagged cells survived on the root surfaces at a level previously reported for root colonisers.
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Wei M, Kong Z, Zhong L, Qiu L, Li Y, Zhao L, Li X, Zhong W. Construction of a native promoter-containing transposon vector for the stable monitoring of the denitrifying bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri LYS-86 by chromosomal-integrated gfp. Plasmid 2012; 68:61-8. [PMID: 22387187 DOI: 10.1016/j.plasmid.2012.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2011] [Revised: 02/05/2012] [Accepted: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Green fluorescent protein (GFP) is the most potential useful marker for the in situ monitoring of biofilm microbes. The objective of this study was to construct and compare the efficacy of transposon vectors containing native and foreign promoters in monitoring the denitrifying bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri LYS-86 by chromosomal-integrated gfp. The promoter of nitrite reductase (Pnir) was cloned from LYS-86 and utilized to construct the transposon vector pUT/mini-Tn5-km2-Pnir-gfp. Another transposon vector, pUT/mini-Tn5-km2-Plac-gfp, containing the lactose promoter Plac was also constructed. These two transposon vectors and pUT-luxAB-gfp containing the promoter PpsbA were individually inserted into the chromosome of P. stutzeri LYS-86 by conjugation. Three GFP-tagged recombinant strains, LYS-Plac-gfp, LYS-Pnir-gfp, and LYS-PpsbA-gfp, were selected from the conjugants. Green fluorescence was observed only in LYS-Pnir-gfp, suggesting that the native promoter Pnir may be more suitable for GFP expression in P. stutzeri than the foreign promoters Plac and PpsbA. Indeed, LYS-Pnir-gfp maintained stable GFP fluorescence over 16 subcultures without significant changes in the denitrifying capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wei
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
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43
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Beaufort S, Da Silva T, Lafforgue C, Alfenore S. Fluorescent proteins as in-vivo and in-situ reporters to study the development of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast biofilm and its invasion by the bacteria Escherichia coli. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2012; 80:342-51. [PMID: 22268656 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2012.01301.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Revised: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This work deals with the bacterial contamination of yeast, both as biofilm and in the planktonic phase. A model continuous system using self-fluorescent microorganisms was proposed to perform in vivo and in situ studies of a mixed biofilm. The yeast strain was inoculated first while the bacteria were added few days later to mimic a contamination. Supports sampled during the experiment were observed by scanning confocal laser microscopy. The behaviour of the microorganisms in real process conditions was then analysed without any treatment that could modify their physiology and/or damage the community structure. Using image analysis, the characteristics of biofilm development (microorganism ratio, 3D-organisation, growth rates) were studied and compared to the behaviour of the suspended cells in the bioreactor. Based on the biovolumes (volume occupied by each microorganism), the growth rates in biofilm for the bacteria and the yeasts were determined at 0.10 and 0.03 h(-1) respectively, while the imposed dilution rate was 0.10 h(-1). Even though the ability of yeast to develop biofilm was demonstrated, its capacity remained very low compared to that of the bacteria which quickly invaded and covered the whole yeast biofilm. This approach makes an original and powerful tool to study the competition phenomena occurring in model biofilms.
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Caldwell CJ, Hynes RK, Boyetchko SM, Korber DR. Colonization and bioherbicidal activity on green foxtail byPseudomonas fluorescensBRG100 in a pesta formulation. Can J Microbiol 2012; 58:1-9. [DOI: 10.1139/w11-109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas fluorescens BRG100 produces secondary metabolites with herbicidal activity on green foxtail ( Setaria viridis ), an important weed pest in Canadian agriculture. Five gfp transformants of P. fluorescens BRG100 were compared with the wild-type isolate for green foxtail root herbicide activity, i.e., root growth suppression, doubling time, carbon utilization, and colonization of green foxtail root (proximal and distal regions). The most revealing comparison between the wild type and its gfp transformants was herbicidal activity on green foxtail. Herbicidal activity of transformant gfp-7 was not significantly different from the uninoculated control, suggesting that insertion of the gfp gene may have interfered with a gene, or genes, vital to the bioherbicide process. Doubling time, carbon utilization, and colonization of green foxtail did not differ to a great extent between the wild type and the gfp transformants, indicating their suitability as conservatively tagged organisms for subsequent colonization–herbicidal activity studies. Accordingly, a pesta granule formulation delivered transformant gfp-2 to the seed coat and roots of green foxtail. Epifluorescent and confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed the transformant gfp-2 colonized the ventral portion of the seed coat, root hairs, and all areas of the root except the root cap region, where gfp-2 presumably exerted herbicidal effects. These results suggest that P. fluorescens BRG100 has considerable potential as a bioherbicide because of its successful colonization and suppressive activity on green foxtail root growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caressa J. Caldwell
- University of Saskatchewan, Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
| | | | | | - Darren R. Korber
- University of Saskatchewan, Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
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45
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Dembski S, Milde M, Dyrba M, Schweizer S, Gellermann C, Klockenbring T. Effect of pH on the synthesis and properties of luminescent SiO2/calcium phosphate:Eu3+ core-shell nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:14025-14032. [PMID: 21988231 DOI: 10.1021/la2021116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A novel method for the synthesis of luminescent SiO(2)/calcium phosphate (CaP):Eu(3+) core-shell nanoparticles (NPs) was developed via a sol-gel route followed by annealing at a temperature of 800 °C. The object of this study was the investigation of the effect of pH on the formation of a CaP shell around the silica core. The resulting annealed NPs exhibited an amorphous SiO(2) core and a crystalline luminescent shell. The formation of a CaP layer was possible at pH below 4.5 and above 6.5 during the coating step. The crystal structure of the shell was studied by X-ray diffraction analysis. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) and α-tricalcium phosphate were detected as crystal phases of the surrounding layer. However, NPs produced under basic conditions exhibited a higher crystallinity of the CaP layer than did samples coated at pH below 4.5. In the pH interval between 4.5 and 6.5, no shell growth but the formation of secondary NPs containing CaO and Ca(OH)(2) was observed. Furthermore, SiO(2)/CP:Eu(3+) core-shell NPs were investigated by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The resulting HAp-coated NPs were successfully tested by a cell-culture-based viability assay with respect to a later application as a luminescent marker for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Dembski
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Neunerplatz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany.
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Construction of a Genetically Engineered Microorganism that Simultaneously Degrades Organochlorine and Organophosphate Pesticides. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2011; 166:590-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-011-9450-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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47
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Fluorescent proteins in microbial biotechnology—new proteins and new applications. Biotechnol Lett 2011; 34:175-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-011-0767-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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48
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Yeom J, Lee Y, Noh J, Jung J, Park J, Seo H, Kim J, Han J, Jeon CO, Kim T, Park W. Detection of genetically modified microorganisms in soil using the most-probable-number method with multiplex PCR and DNA dot blot. Res Microbiol 2011; 162:807-16. [PMID: 21810467 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2011.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The principal objective of this study was to detect genetically modified microorganisms (GMMs) that might be accidentally released into the environment from laboratories. Two methods [plate counting and most-probable-number (MPN)] coupled with either multiplex PCR or DNA dot blots were compared using genetically modified Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas putida, and Acinetobacter oleivorans harboring an antibiotic-resistance gene with additional gfp and lacZ genes as markers. Alignments of sequences collected from databases using the Perl scripting language (Perl API) and from denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis revealed that the gfp, lacZ and antibiotic-resistance genes (kanamycin, tetracycline, and ampicillin) in GMMs differed from the counterpart genes in many sequenced genomes and in soil DNA. Thus, specific multiplex PCR primer sets for detection of plasmid-based gfp and lacZ antibiotic-resistance genes could be generated. In the plate counting method, many antibiotic-resistant bacteria from a soil microcosm grew as colonies on antibiotic-containing agar plates. The multiplex PCR verification of randomly selected antibiotic-resistant colonies with specific primers proved ineffective. The MPN-multiplex PCR method and antibiotic-resistant phenotype could be successfully used to detect GMMs, although this method is quite laborious. The MPN-DNA dot blot method screened more cells at a time in a microtiter plate containing the corresponding antibiotics, and was shown to be a more efficient method for the detection of GMMs in soil using specific probes in terms of labor and accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinki Yeom
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
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Trevors JT. Viable but non-culturable (VBNC) bacteria: Gene expression in planktonic and biofilm cells. J Microbiol Methods 2011; 86:266-73. [PMID: 21616099 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2011.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2011] [Revised: 04/21/2011] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Viable but non-culturable (VBNC) bacteria are common in nutrient poor and/or stressed environments as planktonic cells and biofilms. This article discusses approaches to researching VBNC bacteria to obtain knowledge that is lacking on their gene expression while in the VBNC state, and when they enter into and then recover from this state, when provided with the necessary nutrients and environmental conditions to support growth and cell division. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of proteins, global gene expression, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis and sequencing by synthesis coupled with data on cell numbers, viability and species present are central to understanding the VBNC state.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Trevors
- Laboratory of Microbiology, School of Environmental Sciences, Rm. 3320 Bovey Building, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd., East, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1.
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50
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Mei DS, Qu Y, He JX, Chen L, Yao ZJ. Syntheses and characterizations of novel pyrrolocoumarin probes for SNAP-tag labeling technology. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.01.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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