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Yadav U, Verma V. Halloysite nanoclay reinforced hydroxyapatite porous scaffold for hard tissue regeneration. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 140:105626. [PMID: 36739825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HAP), a natural constituent of bone tissue is commonly used for the clinical treatment of bone defects due to its similar structure with bone and excellent biocompatibility. However, the processing exertion, poor osteoinductive capability and poor mechanical strength of HAP needs further addressing for its immense implementation in tissue engineering. Different approaches have been reported to escalate the mechanical hardness and osteogenic potential of HAP. In the present work, halloysite nanoclay (HNC) and sericin protein were used for better mechanical and osteogenic properties, respectively. Halloysite nanoclay (HNC, 1.0-4.0%) was used to reinforce hydroxyapatite (HAP) and the mechanical strength of nanocomposite scaffolds were evaluated. After surface modification of nanocomposite scaffolds with 1.0% silk sericin protein; physical properties like microstructure, porosity, swelling ratio and degradation rate were evaluated. Cell morphology, cytocompatibility and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were assessed using MG 63 osteoblast cell lines. HAP reinforced with 4% HNC (HAP@4) showed a significant increase (199 MPa) in young modulus as compared to pure HAP. HAP reinforced with 2% HNC (HAP@2) and 4% HNC (HAP@4) showed a significant decrease in porosity as well as degradation rate than pure HAP but no significant difference was observed in swelling ratio. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the scaffolds showed porous architecture. Remarkably, the incorporation of HNC in HAP enhanced the cytocompatibility as well as ALP activity in comparison to pure HAP. Overall, these results suggested that halloysite nanoclay reinforced HAP scaffold could be an auspicious alternative for bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umakant Yadav
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India
| | - Vivek Verma
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India.
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2
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Chitosan/Polyvinyl Alcohol/Tea Tree Essential Oil Composite Films for Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13213753. [PMID: 34771312 PMCID: PMC8586949 DOI: 10.3390/polym13213753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering is crucial, since its early adoption focused on designing biocompatible materials that stimulate cell adhesion and proliferation. In this sense, scaffolds made of biocompatible and resistant materials became the researchers’ focus on biomedical applications. Humans have used essential oils for a long time to take advantage of their antifungal, insecticide, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties. However, the literature demonstrating the use of essential oils for stimulating biocompatibility in new scaffold designs is scarce. For that reason, this work describes the synthesis of four different film composites of chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol/tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia), essential oil (CS/PVA/TTEO), and the subdermal implantations after 90 days in Wistar rats. According to the Young modulus, DSC, TGA, mechanical studies, and thermal studies, there was a reinforcement effect with the addition of TTEO. Morphology and energy-dispersive (EDX) analysis after the immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) exhibited a light layer of calcium chloride and sodium chloride generated on the material’s surface, which is generally related to a bioactive material. Finally, the biocompatibility of the films was comparable with porcine collagen, showing better signs of resorption as the amount of TTEO was increased. These results indicate the potential application of the films in long-term biomedical needs.
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Lopa S, Piraino F, Talò G, Mainardi VL, Bersini S, Pierro M, Zagra L, Rasponi M, Moretti M. Microfluidic Biofabrication of 3D Multicellular Spheroids by Modulation of Non-geometrical Parameters. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:366. [PMID: 32432090 PMCID: PMC7214796 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cell spheroids are being increasingly applied in many research fields due to their enhanced biological functions as compared to conventional two-dimensional (2D) cultures. 3D cell spheroids can replicate tissue functions, which enables their use both as in vitro models and as building blocks in tissue biofabrication approaches. In this study, we developed a perfusable microfluidic platform suitable for robust and reproducible 3D cell spheroid formation and tissue maturation. The geometry of the device was optimized through computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations to improve cell trapping. Experimental data were used in turn to generate a model able to predict the number of trapped cells as a function of cell concentration, flow rate, and seeding time. We demonstrated that tuning non-geometrical parameters it is possible to control the size and shape of 3D cell spheroids generated using articular chondrocytes (ACs) as cellular model. After seeding, cells were cultured under perfusion at different flow rates (20, 100, and 500 μl/min), which induced the formation of conical and spherical spheroids. Wall shear stress values on cell spheroids, computed by CFD simulations, increased accordingly to the flow rate while remaining under the chondroprotective threshold in all configurations. The effect of flow rate on cell number, metabolic activity, and tissue-specific matrix deposition was evaluated and correlated with fluid velocity and shear stress distribution. The obtained results demonstrated that our device represents a helpful tool to generate stable 3D cell spheroids which can find application both to develop advanced in vitro models for the study of physio-pathological tissue maturation mechanisms and to obtain building blocks for the biofabrication of macrotissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Lopa
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Piraino
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Talò
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Milan, Italy
| | - Valerio Luca Mainardi
- Regenerative Medicine Technologies Laboratory, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland.,Laboratory for Biological Structures Mechanics, Chemistry, Material and Chemical Engineering Department "Giulio Natta," Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Bersini
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Milan, Italy
| | - Margherita Pierro
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Zagra
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Hip Department, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Rasponi
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Moretti
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Milan, Italy.,Regenerative Medicine Technologies Laboratory, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
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Grande Tovar CD, Castro JI, Valencia Llano CH, Navia Porras DP, Delgado Ospina J, Valencia Zapata ME, Herminsul Mina Hernandez J, Chaur MN. Synthesis, Characterization, and Histological Evaluation of Chitosan-Ruta Graveolens Essential Oil Films. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25071688. [PMID: 32272702 PMCID: PMC7180789 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of new biocompatible materials for application in the replacement of deteriorated tissues (due to accidents and diseases) has gained a lot of attention due to the high demand around the world. Tissue engineering offers multiple options from biocompatible materials with easy resorption. Chitosan (CS) is a biopolymer derived from chitin, the second most abundant polysaccharide in nature, which has been highly used for cell regeneration applications. In this work, CS films and Ruta graveolens essential oil (RGEO) were incorporated to obtain porous and resorbable materials, which did not generate allergic reactions. An oil-free formulation (F1: CS) and three different formulations containing R. graveolens essential oil were prepared (F2: CS-RGEO 0.5%; F3: CS+RGEO 1.0%; and F4: CS+RGEO 1.5%) to evaluate the effect of the RGEO incorporation in the mechanical and thermal stability of the films. Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses demonstrated the presence of RGEO. In contrast, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed that the crystalline structure and percentage of CS were slightly affected by the RGEO incorporation. Interesting saturation phenomena were observed for mechanical and water permeability tests when RGEO was incorporated at higher than 0.5% (v/v). The results of subdermal implantation after 30 days in Wistar rats showed that increasing the amount of RGEO resulted in greater resorption of the material, but also more significant inflammation of the tissue surrounding the materials. On the other hand, the thermal analysis showed that the RGEO incorporation almost did not affect thermal degradation. However, mechanical properties demonstrated an understandable loss of tensile strength and Young’s modulus for F3 and F4. However, given the volatility of the RGEO, it was possible to generate a slightly porous structure, as can be seen in the microstructure analysis of the surface and the cross-section of the films. The cytotoxicity analysis of the CS+RGEO compositions by the hemolysis technique agreed with in vivo results of the low toxicity observed. All these results demonstrate that films including crude essential oil have great application potential in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos David Grande Tovar
- Grupo de Investigación de Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Universidad del Atlántico, Carrera 30 Número 8-49, Puerto Colombia 081008, Colombia;
| | - Jorge Iván Castro
- Grupo de Investigación SIMERQO, Departamento de Química, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 No. 100-00, Cali 76001, Colombia;
| | | | - Diana Paola Navia Porras
- Grupo de Investigación Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de San Buenaventura Cali, Carrera 122 # 6-65, Cali 76001, Colombia; (D.P.N.P.); (J.D.O.)
| | - Johannes Delgado Ospina
- Grupo de Investigación Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de San Buenaventura Cali, Carrera 122 # 6-65, Cali 76001, Colombia; (D.P.N.P.); (J.D.O.)
| | - Mayra Eliana Valencia Zapata
- Escuela de Ingeniería de Materiales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 No. 100-00, Santiago de Cali 760032, Colombia;
| | - José Herminsul Mina Hernandez
- Escuela de Ingeniería de Materiales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 No. 100-00, Santiago de Cali 760032, Colombia;
- Correspondence: (J.H.M.H.); (M.N.C.); Tel.: +572-3212100 (J.H.M.H.)
| | - Manuel N. Chaur
- Grupo de Investigación SIMERQO, Departamento de Química, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 No. 100-00, Cali 76001, Colombia;
- Centro de Excelencia en Nuevos Materiales (CENM), Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 No. 100-00, Santiago de Cali 760032, Colombia
- Correspondence: (J.H.M.H.); (M.N.C.); Tel.: +572-3212100 (J.H.M.H.)
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Shamsul BS, Chowdhury SR, Hamdan MY, Ruszymah BHI. Effect of cell density on formation of three-dimensional cartilaginous constructs using fibrin & human osteoarthritic chondrocytes. Indian J Med Res 2020; 149:641-649. [PMID: 31417032 PMCID: PMC6702701 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_45_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives: Seeding density is one of the major parameters affecting the quality of tissue-engineered cartilage. The objective of this study was to evaluate different seeding densities of osteoarthritis chondrocytes (OACs) to obtain the highest quality cartilage. Methods: The OACs were expanded from passage 0 (P0) to P3, and cells in each passage were analyzed for gross morphology, growth rate, RNA expression and immunochemistry (IHC). The harvested OACs were assigned into two groups: low (1×107 cells/ml) and high (3×107 cells/ml) cell density. Three-dimensional (3D) constructs for each group were created using polymerised fibrin and cultured for 7, 14 and 21 days in vitro using chondrocyte growth medium. OAC constructs were analyzed with gross assessments and microscopic evaluation using standard histology, IHC and immunofluorescence staining, in addition to gene expression and biochemical analyses to evaluate tissue development. Results: Constructs with a high seeding density of 3×107 cells/ml were associated with better quality cartilage-like tissue than those seeded with 1×107 cells/ml based on overall tissue formation, cell association and extracellular matrix distribution. The chondrogenic properties of the constructs were further confirmed by the expression of genes encoding aggrecan core protein and collagen type II. Interpretation & conclusions: Our results confirmed that cell density was a significant factor affecting cell behaviour and aggregate production, and this was important for establishing good quality cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Shamsul
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shiplu Roy Chowdhury
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M Y Hamdan
- Department of Orthopedic & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - B H I Ruszymah
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Faculty of Medicine; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Yadav U, Mishra H, Singh V, Kashyap S, Srivastava A, Yadav S, Saxena PS. Enhanced Osteogenesis by Molybdenum Disulfide Nanosheet Reinforced Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposite Scaffolds. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:4511-4521. [PMID: 33438416 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The advances in the arena of biomedical engineering enable us to fabricate novel biomaterials that provide a suitable platform for rapid bone regeneration. Herein, we have investigated the in vitro and in vivo osteogenic differentiation, proliferation, and bone regeneration capability of molybdenum disulfide nanosheets (MoS2NSs) reinforced HAP nanocomposite scaffolds. The MG-63 cells were incubated with HAP and HAP/MoS2NSs nanocomposite and followed for various cellular activities. The cells incubated with HAP@2 shows higher cell adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) in contrast to HAP. The in vivo and in vitro results of the increased ALP level confirm that HAP@2 promotes osteogenic differentiation. This improved osteogenesis was validated with upregulation of osteogenic marker viz. transcription factor, RUNX-2 (∼34 fold), collagen-1 (∼15 fold), osteopontin (∼11 fold), osteocalcin (∼20 fold), and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (∼12 fold) after 12 week postimplantation in comparison to drilled. The X-ray imaging demonstrates that HAP@2 implants promote rapid osteogenesis and bioresorbability than HAP and drilled. The outcomes of the present study provide a promising tool for the regeneration of bone deformities, without using any external growth factor.
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Trevisol TC, Langbehn RK, Battiston S, Immich APS. Nonwoven membranes for tissue engineering: an overview of cartilage, epithelium, and bone regeneration. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2019; 30:1026-1049. [PMID: 31106705 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2019.1620592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Scaffold-type biomaterials are crucial for application in tissue engineering. Among them, the use of a nonwoven scaffold has grown in recent years and has been widely investigated for the regeneration of different types of tissues. Several polymers, whether they are synthetic, biopolymers or both, have been used to produce a scaffold that can mimic the natural tissue to which it will be applied to. The scaffolds used in tissue engineering must be biocompatible and allow cell adhesion and proliferation to be applied in tissue engineering. In addition, the scaffolds should maintain the mechanical properties and architecture of the desired tissue. Nonwoven fabrics have produced good results and are more extensively applied for the regeneration of cartilage, epithelial and bone tissues. Recent advances in tissue engineering have shown promising results, however, no ideal material or standardization parameters and characteristics of the materials were obtained. The present review provides an overview of the application of nonwoven scaffolds, including the main results obtained regarding the properties of the biomaterials and their applications in vitro and in vivo, focusing on the cartilaginous, the epithelium, and bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalles Canton Trevisol
- a Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Technological Center , Federal University of Santa Catarina , Florianópolis , Brazil
| | - Rayane Kunert Langbehn
- a Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Technological Center , Federal University of Santa Catarina , Florianópolis , Brazil
| | - Suellen Battiston
- a Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Technological Center , Federal University of Santa Catarina , Florianópolis , Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Serafini Immich
- b Department of Textile Engineering, Blumenau campus , Federal University of Santa Catarina , Blumenau , Brazil
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Curvature- and fluid-stress-driven tissue growth in a tissue-engineering scaffold pore. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2018; 18:589-605. [PMID: 30542833 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-018-1103-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cell proliferation within a fluid-filled porous tissue-engineering scaffold depends on a sensitive choice of pore geometry and flow rates: regions of high curvature encourage cell proliferation, while a critical flow rate is required to promote growth for certain cell types. When the flow rate is too slow, the nutrient supply is limited; when it is too fast, cells may be damaged by the high fluid shear stress. As a result, determining appropriate tissue-engineering-construct geometries and operating regimes poses a significant challenge that cannot be addressed by experimentation alone. In this paper, we present a mathematical theory for the fluid flow within a pore of a tissue-engineering scaffold, which is coupled to the growth of cells on the pore walls. We exploit the slenderness of a pore that is typical in such a scenario, to derive a reduced model that enables a comprehensive analysis of the system to be performed. We derive analytical solutions in a particular case of a nearly piecewise constant growth law and compare these with numerical solutions of the reduced model. Qualitative comparisons of tissue morphologies predicted by our model, with those observed experimentally, are also made. We demonstrate how the simplified system may be used to make predictions on the design of a tissue-engineering scaffold and the appropriate operating regime that ensures a desired level of tissue growth.
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Carbon nanotube scaffolds as emerging nanoplatform for myocardial tissue regeneration: A review of recent developments and therapeutic implications. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 104:496-508. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Osteochondral tissue repair in osteoarthritic joints: clinical challenges and opportunities in tissue engineering. Biodes Manuf 2018; 1:101-114. [PMID: 30533248 PMCID: PMC6267278 DOI: 10.1007/s42242-018-0015-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), identified as one of the priorities for the Bone and Joint Decade, is one of the most prevalent joint diseases, which causes pain and disability of joints in the adult population. Secondary OA usually stems from repetitive overloading to the osteochondral (OC) unit, which could result in cartilage damage and changes in the subchondral bone, leading to mechanical instability of the joint and loss of joint function. Tissue engineering approaches have emerged for the repair of cartilage defects and damages to the subchondral bone in the early stages of OA and have shown potential in restoring the joint’s function. In this approach, the use of three-dimensional scaffolds (with or without cells) provides support for tissue growth. Commercially available OC scaffolds have been studied in OA patients for repair and regeneration of OC defects. However, none of these scaffolds has shown satisfactory clinical results. This article reviews the OC tissue structure and the design, manufacturing and performance of current OC scaffolds in treatment of OA. The findings demonstrate the importance of biological and biomechanical fixations of OC scaffolds to the host tissue in achieving an improved cartilage fill and a hyaline-like tissue formation. Achieving a strong and stable subchondral bone support that helps the regeneration of overlying cartilage seems to be still a grand challenge for the early treatment of OA.
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Tamaddon M, Liu C. Enhancing Biological and Biomechanical Fixation of Osteochondral Scaffold: A Grand Challenge. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1059:255-298. [PMID: 29736578 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-76735-2_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease, typified by degradation of cartilage and changes in the subchondral bone, resulting in pain, stiffness and reduced mobility. Current surgical treatments often fail to regenerate hyaline cartilage and result in the formation of fibrocartilage. Tissue engineering approaches have emerged for the repair of cartilage defects and damages to the subchondral bones in the early stage of OA and have shown potential in restoring the joint's function. In this approach, the use of three-dimensional scaffolds (with or without cells) provides support for tissue growth. Commercially available osteochondral (OC) scaffolds have been studied in OA patients for repair and regeneration of OC defects. However, some controversial results are often reported from both clinical trials and animal studies. The objective of this chapter is to report the scaffolds clinical requirements and performance of the currently available OC scaffolds that have been investigated both in animal studies and in clinical trials. The findings have demonstrated the importance of biological and biomechanical fixation of the OC scaffolds in achieving good cartilage fill and improved hyaline cartilage formation. It is concluded that improving cartilage fill, enhancing its integration with host tissues and achieving a strong and stable subchondral bone support for overlying cartilage are still grand challenges for the early treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Tamaddon
- Institute of Orthopaedics & Musculoskeletal Science, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, UK
| | - Chaozong Liu
- Institute of Orthopaedics & Musculoskeletal Science, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, UK.
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Polyurethane porous scaffolds (PPS) for soft tissue regenerative medicine applications. Polym Bull (Berl) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-017-2124-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Naveed M, Han L, Khan GJ, Yasmeen S, Mikrani R, Abbas M, Cunyu L, Xiaohui Z. Cardio-supportive devices (VRD & DCC device) and patches for advanced heart failure: A review, summary of state of the art and future directions. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 102:41-54. [PMID: 29549728 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a complicated pathophysiological syndrome, leading cause of hospitalization as well as mortalities in developed countries wherein an irregular function of the heart leads to the insufficient blood supply to the body organs. It is an accumulative slackening of various complications including myocardial infarction (MI), coronary heart disease (CAD), hypertension, valvular heart disease (VHD) and cardiomyopathy; its hallmarks include hypertrophy, increased interstitial fibrosis and loss of myocytes. The etiology of CHF is very complex and despite the rapid advancement in pharmacological and device-based interventional therapies still, a single therapy may not be sufficient to meet the demand for coping with the diseases. Total artificial hearts (TAH) and ventricular assist devices (VADs) have been widely used clinically to assist patients with severe HF. Unfortunately, direct contact between the patient's blood and device leads to thromboembolic events, and then coagulatory factors, as well as, infection contribute significantly to complicate the situation. There is no effective treatment of HF except cardiac transplantation, however, genetic variations, tissue mismatch; differences in certain immune response and socioeconomic crisis are an important concern with cardiac transplantation suggesting an alternate bridge to transplant (BTT) or destination therapies (DT). For these reasons, researchers have turned to mechanically driven compression devices, ventricular restraint devices (VRD) and heart patches. The ASD is a combination of all operational patches and cardiac support devices (CSD) by delivering biological agents and can restrain or compress the heart. Present study summarizes the accessible peer-reviewed literature focusing on the mechanism of Direct Cardiac Compression (DCC) devices, VRD and patches and their acquaintance to optimize the therapeutic efficacy in a synergistic way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Lei Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Jiankang Vocational College, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 211800, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Worker Medical University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Ghulam Jilany Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Sufia Yasmeen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Reyaj Mikrani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Li Cunyu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Zhou Xiaohui
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 211198, PR China; Department of Surgery, Nanjing Shuiximen Hospital, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210017, PR China; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210017, PR China.
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De Napoli IE, Catapano G. Perfusion Enhances Solute Transfer into the Shell of Hollow Fiber Membrane Bioreactors for Bone Tissue Engineering. Int J Artif Organs 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/039139881003300606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Preparation of tissue engineered (TE) 3D constructs to repair large bone defects is limited by the difficult supply of nutrients and oxygen to cells in the innermost regions of constructs cultured in bioreactors. Poor oxygenation negatively affects cell viability and function. Bioreactor design optimization may help relieve these limitations. Bioreactors in which cells are cultured outside bundles of hollow fiber membranes (HFMBs) are structurally similar to natural bone. HFMB operation in pure diffusion has been reported to suffice for fibroblasts, but is deemed insufficient for bone cells. In this paper, the effect of perfusion flows in the cell compartment on solute transfer was investigated in HFMBs differing in design and operating conditions. HFMBs were designed and operated using values of non-dimensional groups that ensured solutes transfer towards the cell compartment mainly by diffusion; in the presence of low to high Starling flows; in the presence of pulsatile radial flows obtained by periodically stopping the solution flow leaving the bioreactor using a pinch valve. Distribution of matter in cell-free HFMBs was evaluated with tracer experiments in an optimized apparatus. Effectiveness of solute transfer to cell compartment was assessed based on the bioreactor response in terms of the shell volume actively involved in mass transfer (VMTA) according to transport models developed specifically for the purpose. VMTA increased with increasing Starling flows. In the pulsatile radial flow mode, tracer concentration in the shell increased 3 times faster than at high Starling flows. This suggests that controlled perfusion flows in HFMBs might enable the engineering of large TE bone constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Ester De Napoli
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, University of Calabria, Arcavata di Rende, Cosenza – Italy
| | - Gerardo Catapano
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, University of Calabria, Arcavata di Rende, Cosenza – Italy
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15
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Abdullah NS, Das DB, Ye H, Cui ZF. 3D Bone Tissue Growth in Hollow Fibre Membrane Bioreactor: Implications of Various Process Parameters on Tissue Nutrition. Int J Artif Organs 2018; 29:841-51. [PMID: 17033991 DOI: 10.1177/039139880602900905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
New experimental evidence shows that hollow fibre membrane bioreactor (HFMB) may be applied to grow bulky bone tissues which may then be implanted into patients to repair skeletal defects. To design effective bone tissue engineering protocols, it is necessary to determine the quantitative relationships between the cell environment and tissue behaviour in HFMBs and their relationship with nutrient supply. It is also necessary to determine under what conditions nutritional limitations may occur and, hence, may cause cell death. These require that the appropriate bioreactor conditions for generating neotissues, and the nutrient transfer behaviour and chemical reaction during cell growth and extracellular matrix formation are studied thoroughly. In this paper, we aim to use an existing mathematical framework to analyse the influence of various relevant parameters on nutrient supply for bone tissue growth in HFMB. We adopt the well-known Krogh cylinder approximation of the HFMB. The model parameters (e.g., cell metabolic rates) and operating conditions for the mathematical model have been obtained from, or correspond to, in-house experiments with the exception of a few variables which have been taken from the literature. The framework is then used to study oxygen and glucose transport behaviour in the HFMB. Influence of a number of important process parameters, e.g., reaction kinetics, cell density, inlet concentration of nutrients, etc, on the nutrient distributions have been systematically analysed. The work presented in this paper provides insights on unfavourable system designs and specifications which may be avoided to prevent mass transfer limitations for growing bone tissues in HFMB.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Abdullah
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford - UK
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16
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Adel-Khattab D, Giacomini F, Gildenhaar R, Berger G, Gomes C, Linow U, Hardt M, Peleska B, Günster J, Stiller M, Houshmand A, Ghaffar KA, Gamal A, El-Mofty M, Knabe C. Development of a synthetic tissue engineered three-dimensional printed bioceramic-based bone graft with homogenously distributed osteoblasts and mineralizing bone matrix in vitro. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:44-58. [PMID: 27860335 DOI: 10.1002/term.2362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade there have been increasing efforts to develop three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds for bone tissue engineering from bioactive ceramics with 3D printing emerging as a promising technology. The overall objective of the present study was to generate a tissue engineered synthetic bone graft with homogenously distributed osteoblasts and mineralizing bone matrix in vitro, thereby mimicking the advantageous properties of autogenous bone grafts and facilitating usage for reconstructing segmental discontinuity defects in vivo. To this end, 3D scaffolds were developed from a silica-containing calcium alkali orthophosphate, using, first, a replica technique - the Schwartzwalder-Somers method - and, second, 3D printing, (i.e. rapid prototyping). The mechanical and physical scaffold properties and their potential to facilitate homogenous colonization by osteogenic cells and extracellular bone matrix formation throughout the porous scaffold architecture were examined. Osteoblastic cells were dynamically cultured for 7 days on both scaffold types with two different concentrations of 1.5 and 3 × 109 cells/l. The amount of cells and bone matrix formed and osteogenic marker expression were evaluated using hard tissue histology, immunohistochemical and histomorphometric analysis. 3D-printed scaffolds (RPS) exhibited more micropores, greater compressive strength and silica release. RPS seeded with 3 × 109 cells/l displayed greatest cell and extracellular matrix formation, mineralization and osteocalcin expression. In conclusion, RPS displayed superior mechanical and biological properties and facilitated generating a tissue engineered synthetic bone graft in vitro, which mimics the advantageous properties of autogenous bone grafts, by containing homogenously distributed terminally differentiated osteoblasts and mineralizing bone matrix and therefore is suitable for subsequent in vivo implantation for regenerating segmental discontinuity bone defects. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa Adel-Khattab
- Department of Experimental Orofacial Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany.,Department of Oral Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Francesca Giacomini
- Department of Experimental Orofacial Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Renate Gildenhaar
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Berger
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cynthia Gomes
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulf Linow
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Hardt
- Imaging Facility, Medical School, Justus Liebig University of Giessen
| | - Barbara Peleska
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jens Günster
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Stiller
- Department of Experimental Orofacial Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Alireza Houshmand
- Department of Experimental Orofacial Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Khaled Abdel Ghaffar
- Department of Oral Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Gamal
- Department of Oral Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Mofty
- Department of Oral Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Christine Knabe
- Department of Experimental Orofacial Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
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17
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Sardella E, Salama RA, Waly GH, Habib AN, Favia P, Gristina R. Improving Internal Cell Colonization of Porous Scaffolds with Chemical Gradients Produced by Plasma Assisted Approaches. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:4966-4975. [PMID: 28094986 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b14170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cell colonization of the surrounding environment is a very significant process in both physiological and pathological events. In order to understand the tissue regeneration process and thereby provide guidance principles for designing new biomaterials, it is of paramount importance to study the cell colonization in the presence of physical, chemical, and biological cues. Flat "gradient" materials are generally used with this purpose. Three dimensional gradient scaffolds mimicking more precisely the situation in vivo are somewhat more complex to fabricate and characterize. Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering (TE) made of hydrophobic synthetic polymers do not allow good cell colonization: far from their periphery, in fact, internal cell colonization is usually low. In this research poly-ε caprolactone (PCL) scaffolds have been "decorated" with chemical gradients both on top and along their thickness by means of cold plasma processes, in order to improve cell colonization of their core. Plasma treatments with a mixture of argon and oxygen (Ar/O2), as well as plasma deposition of differently cross-linked poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-like coatings, have been performed. This study establishes that cross-linked PEO-like domains interspaced with native PCL ones deposited only on top of the scaffold (i.e., coating that penetrates less than 300 μm inside the scaffold) are more effective in promoting cell colonization across the scaffolds than the other tested materials including superhydrophilic samples and that ones produced by tested double step approaches. Last but not least, one result of this research is that, in the case of plasma coatings with low deposition rates and porous materials with a low pore interconnectivity, it is possible to improve penetration of low pressure plasma active species inside the scaffold's core thorough a pretreatment of the porous materials (i.e., penetration up to 4500 mm far from topside).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloisa Sardella
- Institute of Nanotechnology-CNR (CNR Nanotec) , via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Rania A Salama
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University , 12 Saraya AlManial Street, Kasr AlEiny, Cairo 11553, Egypt
| | - Gihan H Waly
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University , 12 Saraya AlManial Street, Kasr AlEiny, Cairo 11553, Egypt
| | - A Nour Habib
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University , 12 Saraya AlManial Street, Kasr AlEiny, Cairo 11553, Egypt
| | - Pietro Favia
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro" , via Orabona 4, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberto Gristina
- Institute of Nanotechnology-CNR (CNR Nanotec) , via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
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18
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Abstract
Articular cartilage is a load-bearing tissue that lines the surface of bones in diarthrodial joints. Unfortunately, this avascular tissue has a limited capacity for intrinsic repair. Treatment options for articular cartilage defects include microfracture and arthroplasty; however, these strategies fail to generate tissue that adequately restores damaged cartilage. Limitations of current treatments for cartilage defects have prompted the field of cartilage tissue engineering, which seeks to integrate engineering and biological principles to promote the growth of new cartilage to replace damaged tissue. To date, a wide range of scaffolds and cell sources have emerged with a focus on recapitulating the microenvironments present during development or in adult tissue, in order to induce the formation of cartilaginous constructs with biochemical and mechanical properties of native tissue. Hydrogels have emerged as a promising scaffold due to the wide range of possible properties and the ability to entrap cells within the material. Towards improving cartilage repair, hydrogel design has advanced in recent years to improve their utility. Some of these advances include the development of improved network crosslinking (e.g. double-networks), new techniques to process hydrogels (e.g. 3D printing) and better incorporation of biological signals (e.g. controlled release). This review summarises these innovative approaches to engineer hydrogels towards cartilage repair, with an eye towards eventual clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - J A Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104,
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19
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Hosseinkhani H, Hosseinkhani M, Kobayashi H. Design of Tissue-engineered Nanoscaffold Through Self-assembly of Peptide Amphiphile. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911506066934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In order to mimic in vivo topography of the native tissue created by extracellular matrix (ECM) components, which make up all soft tissues, the surface features of each biomaterial should be considered as a nanodimensional structure. In this study, an artificial ECM was designed to mimic the nanostructured topography created by ECM components in native tissue. The proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) was investigated in a three dimensional (3-D) network of nanofibers formed by the self-assembly of peptide amphiphile (PA) molecules. PA was synthesized by standard solid phase chemistry that ends with the alkylation of the NH2 terminus of the peptide. The sequence of arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) was included in peptide design as well. A 3-D network of nanofibers was formed by mixing MSC suspensions in a media with dilute aqueous solution of PA. The attachment, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs were influenced by the self-assembled PA nanofibers as the cell scaffold and the values were significantly high compared with those in the static culture (2-D tissue culture plate).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Hosseinkhani
- International Center for Young Scientists (ICYS), National Institute for Materials Science, Nanobiomaterials Research Building, Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Mohsen Hosseinkhani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hisatoshi Kobayashi
- Biomaterials Center, National Institute for Materials Science, Nanobiomaterials Research Building, Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
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20
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Popa EG, Reis RL, Gomes ME. Seaweed polysaccharide-based hydrogels used for the regeneration of articular cartilage. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2016; 35:410-24. [PMID: 24646368 DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2014.889079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript provides an overview of the in vitro and in vivo studies reported in the literature focusing on seaweed polysaccharides based hydrogels that have been proposed for applications in regenerative medicine, particularly, in the field of cartilage tissue engineering. For a better understanding of the main requisites for these specific applications, the main aspects of the native cartilage structure, as well as recognized diseases that affect this tissue are briefly described. Current available treatments are also presented to emphasize the need for alternative techniques. The following part of this review is centered on the description of the general characteristics of algae polysaccharides, as well as relevant properties required for designing hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering purposes. An in-depth overview of the most well known seaweed polysaccharide, namely agarose, alginate, carrageenan and ulvan biopolymeric gels, that have been proposed for engineering cartilage is also provided. Finally, this review describes and summarizes the translational aspect for the clinical application of alternative systems emphasizing the importance of cryopreservation and the commercial products currently available for cartilage treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Geta Popa
- a 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine , AvePark , Guimarães , Portugal and
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21
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Min KA, Rosania GR, Shin MC. Human Airway Primary Epithelial Cells Show Distinct Architectures on Membrane Supports Under Different Culture Conditions. Cell Biochem Biophys 2016; 74:191-203. [PMID: 26818810 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-016-0719-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To facilitate drug development for lung delivery, it is highly demanding to establish appropriate airway epithelial cell models as transport barriers to evaluate pharmacokinetic profiles of drug molecules. Besides the cancer-derived cell lines, as the primary cell model, normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells have been used for drug screenings because of physiological relevance to in vivo. Therefore, to accurately interpret drug transport data in NHBE measured by different laboratories, it is important to know biophysical characteristics of NHBE grown on membranes in different culture conditions. In this study, NHBE was grown on the polyester membrane in a different medium and its transport barrier properties as well as cell architectures were fully characterized by functional assays and confocal imaging throughout the days of cultures. Moreover, NHBE cells on inserts in a different medium were subject to either of air-interfaced culture (AIC) or liquid-covered culture (LCC) condition. Cells in the AIC condition were cultivated on the membrane with medium in the basolateral side only, whereas cells with medium in apical and basolateral sides under the LCC condition. Quantitative microscopic imaging with biophysical examination revealed distinct multilayered architectures of differentiated NHBE cells, suggesting NHBE as functional cell barriers for the lung-targeting drug transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Ah Min
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju Daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52828, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Gus R Rosania
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Meong Cheol Shin
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju Daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52828, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Min KA, Rosania GR, Kim CK, Shin MC. Functional and cytometric examination of different human lung epithelial cell types as drug transport barriers. Arch Pharm Res 2016; 39:359-69. [PMID: 26746641 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-015-0704-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
To develop inhaled medications, various cell culture models have been used to examine the transcellular transport or cellular uptake properties of small molecules. For the reproducible high throughput screening of the inhaled drug candidates, a further verification of cell architectures as drug transport barriers can contribute to establishing appropriate in vitro cell models. In the present study, side-by-side experiments were performed to compare the structure and transport function of three lung epithelial cells (Calu-3, normal human bronchial primary cells (NHBE), and NL-20). The cells were cultured on the nucleopore membranes in the air-liquid interface (ALI) culture conditions, with cell culture medium in the basolateral side only, starting from day 1. In transport assays, paracellular transport across all three types of cells appeared to be markedly different with the NHBE or Calu-3 cells, showing low paracellular permeability and high TEER values, while the NL-20 cells showed high paracellular permeability and low TEER. Quantitative image analysis of the confocal microscope sections further confirmed that the Calu-3 cells formed intact cell monolayers in contrast to the NHBE and NL-20 cells with multilayers. Among three lung epithelial cell types, the Calu-3 cell cultures under the ALI condition showed optimal cytometric features for mimicking the biophysical characteristics of in vivo airway epithelium. Therefore, the Calu-3 cell monolayers could be used as functional cell barriers for the lung-targeted drug transport studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Ah Min
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju Daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52828, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Gus R Rosania
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Chong-Kook Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Meong Cheol Shin
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju Daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52828, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Bakhtiyari SSE, Karbasi S, Monshi A, Montazeri M. Evaluation of the effects of nano-TiO2 on bioactivity and mechanical properties of nano bioglass-P3HB composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2016; 27:2. [PMID: 26610925 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-015-5613-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To emulate bone structure, porous composite scaffold with suitable mechanical properties should be designed. In this research the effects of nano-titania (nTiO2) on the bioactivity and mechanical properties of nano-bioglass-poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (nBG/P3HB)-composite scaffold were evaluated. First, nBG powder was prepared by melting method of pure raw materials at a temperature of 1400 °C and then the porous ceramic scaffold of nBG/nTiO2 with 30 wt% of nBG containing different weight ratios of nTiO2 (3, 6, and 9 wt% of nTiO2 with grain size of 35-37 nm) was prepared by using polyurethane sponge replication method. Then the scaffolds were coated with P3HB in order to increase the scaffold's mechanical properties. Mechanical strength and modulus of scaffolds were improved by adding nTiO2 to nBG scaffold and adding P3HB to nBG/nTiO2 composite scaffold. The results of the compressive strength and porosity tests showed that the best scaffold is 30 wt% of nBG with 6 wt% of nTiO2 composite scaffold immersed for 30 s in P3HB with 79.5-80 % of porosity in 200-600 μm, with a compressive strength of 0.15 MPa and a compressive modulus of 30 MPa, which is a good candidate for bone tissue engineering. To evaluate the bioactivity of the scaffold, the simulated body fluid (SBF) solution was used. The best scaffold with 30 wt% of nBG, 6 wt% of P3HB and 6 wt% of nTiO2 was immersed in SBF for 4 weeks at an incubation temperature of 37 °C. The bioactivity of the scaffolds was characterized by AAS, SEM, EDXA and XRD. The results of bioactivity showed that bone-like apatite layer formed well at scaffold surface and adding nTiO2 to nBG/P3HB composite scaffold helped increase the bioactivity rate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saeed Karbasi
- Biomaterials Group, Advance Medical Technology Department, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Monshi
- Department of Material Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahbobeh Montazeri
- Department of Materials Engineering, Young Researchers and Elite Club, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Isfahan, Iran
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24
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Costello BJ, Kumta P, Sfeir CS. Regenerative Technologies for Craniomaxillofacial Surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015; 73:S116-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2015.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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25
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26
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Leyva-Leyva M, López-Díaz A, Barrera L, Camacho-Morales A, Hernandez-Aguilar F, Carrillo-Casas EM, Arriaga-Pizano L, Calderón-Pérez J, García-Álvarez J, Orozco-Hoyuela G, Piña-Barba C, Rojas-Martínez A, Romero-Díaz V, Lara-Arias J, Rivera-Bolaños N, López-Camarillo C, Moncada-Saucedo N, Galván-De los Santos A, Meza-Urzúa F, Villarreal-Gómez L, Fuentes-Mera L. Differential Expression of Adhesion-Related Proteins and MAPK Pathways Lead to Suitable Osteoblast Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Subpopulations. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:2577-90. [PMID: 26230358 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2015.0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular adhesion enables communication between cells and their environment. Adhesion can be achieved throughout focal adhesions and its components influence osteoblast differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Because cell adhesion and osteoblast differentiation are closely related, this article aimed to analyze the expression profiles of adhesion-related proteins during osteoblastic differentiation of two hMSCs subpopulations (CD105(+) and CD105(-)) and propose a strategy for assembling bone grafts based on its adhesion ability. In vitro experiments of osteogenic differentiation in CD105(-) cells showed superior adhesion efficiency and 2-fold increase of α-actinin expression compared with CD105(+) cells at the maturation stage. Interestingly, levels of activated β1-integrin increased in CD105(-) cells during the process. Additionally, the CD105(-) subpopulation showed 3-fold increase of phosphorylated FAK(Y397) compared to CD105(+) cells. Results also indicate that ERK1/2 was activated during CD105(-) bone differentiation and participation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-p38 in CD105(+) differentiation through a focal adhesion kinase (FAK)-independent pathway. In vivo trial demonstrated that grafts containing CD105(-) showed osteocytes embedded in a mineralized matrix, promoted adequate graft integration, increased host vascular infiltration, and efficient intramembranous repairing. In contrast, grafts containing CD105(+) showed deficient endochondral ossification and fibrocartilaginous tissue. Based on the expression of α-actinin, FAKy,(397) and ERK1/2 activation, we define maturation stage as critical for bone graft assembling. By in vitro assays, CD105(-) subpopulation showed superior adhesion efficiency compared to CD105(+) cells. Considering in vitro and in vivo assays, this study suggests that integration of a scaffold with CD105(-) subpopulation at the maturation stage represents an attractive strategy for clinical use in orthopedic bioengineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Leyva-Leyva
- 1 Laboratorio de Biología Molecular e Histocompatibilidad, Dirección de Investigación Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González ," México City, México
| | - Annia López-Díaz
- 1 Laboratorio de Biología Molecular e Histocompatibilidad, Dirección de Investigación Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González ," México City, México
| | - Lourdes Barrera
- 2 Laboratorio de Inmunología Integrativa, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas ," México City, México
| | - Alberto Camacho-Morales
- 3 Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL) , Monterrey, México .,4 Unidad de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL) , Monterrey, México
| | - Felipe Hernandez-Aguilar
- 1 Laboratorio de Biología Molecular e Histocompatibilidad, Dirección de Investigación Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González ," México City, México
| | - Erika M Carrillo-Casas
- 1 Laboratorio de Biología Molecular e Histocompatibilidad, Dirección de Investigación Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González ," México City, México
| | - Lourdes Arriaga-Pizano
- 5 Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI , IMSS, México City, México
| | - Jaime Calderón-Pérez
- 6 División de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González ," México City, México
| | - Jorge García-Álvarez
- 7 Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) , México City, México
| | - Gabriel Orozco-Hoyuela
- 8 Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) , México City, México
| | - Cristina Piña-Barba
- 9 Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) , México City, México
| | - Augusto Rojas-Martínez
- 3 Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL) , Monterrey, México .,10 Unidad de Terapias Experimentales, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL) , Monterrey, México
| | - Víktor Romero-Díaz
- 11 Departamento de Histología, Facultad de Medicina , UANL, Monterrey, México .,12 Unidad de Bioimágen, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL) , Monterrey, México
| | - Jorge Lara-Arias
- 13 Laboratorio de Ingeniería Tisular-Banco de Hueso y Tejidos, Servicio de Ortopedia y Traumatología, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González ," Monterrey, México
| | - Nancy Rivera-Bolaños
- 3 Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL) , Monterrey, México .,10 Unidad de Terapias Experimentales, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL) , Monterrey, México
| | - César López-Camarillo
- 14 Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México , México City, México
| | - Nidia Moncada-Saucedo
- 3 Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL) , Monterrey, México .,10 Unidad de Terapias Experimentales, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL) , Monterrey, México
| | - Alejandra Galván-De los Santos
- 3 Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL) , Monterrey, México .,10 Unidad de Terapias Experimentales, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL) , Monterrey, México
| | - Fátima Meza-Urzúa
- 1 Laboratorio de Biología Molecular e Histocompatibilidad, Dirección de Investigación Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González ," México City, México
| | - Luis Villarreal-Gómez
- 15 Centro de Ingeniería y Tecnología (CITEC), Universidad Autónoma de Baja California , Baja California, Tijuana, México
| | - Lizeth Fuentes-Mera
- 3 Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL) , Monterrey, México .,10 Unidad de Terapias Experimentales, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL) , Monterrey, México
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Gangwar AK, Kumar N, Khangembam SD, Kumar V, Singh R. Primary chicken embryo fibroblasts seeded acellular dermal matrix (3-D ADM) improve regeneration of full thickness skin wounds in rats. Tissue Cell 2015; 47:311-22. [PMID: 25907656 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2014] [Revised: 04/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Rat skins were deepithelialized and decellularized by hypertonic saline and sodium deoxycholate (SDC), respectively. Primary chicken embryo fibroblasts (P-CEF) were cultured and seeded on prepared acellular dermal matrix (ADM). A full thickness skin defect (20×20 mm(2)) was created in thirty-six rats and randomly divided into three equal groups. Defect was left open, repaired with ADM and ADM seeded with P-CEF (3-D ADM) in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. By day 28, the treated wounds healed completely without scar. By day 7 hydroxyproline contents was higher in group 3 as compared to groups 1 and 2. There was slightly more B cell response in animals implanted with ADM and 3-D ADM. At day 21, stimulation index was lower with acellular dermis antigen as compared to 3-D ADM antigen. In group 1 on day 3, the granulation tissue showed more inflammatory reaction, fibroplasia and neovascularization as compared to group 2 and 3. By day 28, there was complete epithelization was observed in all groups over. However, a large scar was observed in group 1. The graft was completely absorbed and replaced with densely thick and best arranged collagen fibers. On day 7, malonyldialdehyde and superoxide dismutase levels were significantly (P<0.05) increased in group 1. Reduced glutathione values increased and reached to near normal in groups 2 and 3. Catalase values were significantly (P<0.05) higher in group 1 at different time intervals. SEM samples of group 2 showed ingrowth of fibroblasts into acellular matrix at host graft junction. However, in group 3 fibroblasts were infiltrated within the pores of graft. It was concluded that P-CEF cells seeded ADM facilitated early and better healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Gangwar
- Division of Surgery, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India; Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad 224229, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Naveen Kumar
- Division of Surgery, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Sangeeta Devi Khangembam
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad 224229, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Vineet Kumar
- Division of Surgery, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India; Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh 362001, Gujarat, India.
| | - Rajendra Singh
- Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Bouet G, Marchat D, Cruel M, Malaval L, Vico L. In VitroThree-Dimensional Bone Tissue Models: From Cells to Controlled and Dynamic Environment. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2015; 21:133-56. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2013.0682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guenaelle Bouet
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Tissu Osseux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale—U1059, Université de Lyon—Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - David Marchat
- Center for Biomedical and Healthcare Engineering, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CIS-EMSE, CNRS:UMR 5307, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Magali Cruel
- University of Lyon, LTDS, UMR CNRS 5513, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, Ecully, France
| | - Luc Malaval
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Tissu Osseux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale—U1059, Université de Lyon—Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Laurence Vico
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Tissu Osseux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale—U1059, Université de Lyon—Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France
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29
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Lucendo-Villarin B, Cameron K, Szkolnicka D, Travers P, Khan F, Walton JG, Iredale J, Bradley M, Hay DC. Stabilizing hepatocellular phenotype using optimized synthetic surfaces. J Vis Exp 2014:51723. [PMID: 25285607 DOI: 10.3791/51723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, one of the major limitations in cell biology is maintaining differentiated cell phenotype. Biological matrices are commonly used for culturing and maintaining primary and pluripotent stem cell derived hepatocytes. While biological matrices are useful, they permit short term culture of hepatocytes, limiting their widespread application. We have attempted to overcome the limitations using a synthetic polymer coating. Polymers represent one of the broadest classes of biomaterials and possess a wide range of mechanical, physical and chemical properties, which can be fine-tuned for purpose. Importantly, such materials can be scaled to quality assured standards and display batch-to-batch consistency. This is essential if cells are to be expanded for high through-put screening in the pharmaceutical testing industry or for cellular based therapy. Polyurethanes (PUs) are one group of materials that have shown promise in cell culture. Our recent progress in optimizing a polyurethane coated surface, for long-term culture of human hepatocytes displaying stable phenotype, is presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kate Cameron
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh
| | | | - Paul Travers
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh
| | | | | | - John Iredale
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh
| | | | - David C Hay
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh;
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30
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Hayrapetyan A, Jansen JA, van den Beucken JJJP. Signaling pathways involved in osteogenesis and their application for bone regenerative medicine. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2014; 21:75-87. [PMID: 25015093 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2014.0119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Bone regeneration is a well organized but complex physiological process, in which different cell types and their activated signaling pathways are involved. In bone regeneration and remodeling processes, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a crucial role, and their differentiation during these processes is regulated by specific signaling molecules (growth factors/cytokines and hormones) and their activated intracellular networks. Especially the utilization of the molecular machinery seems crucial to consider prior to developing bone implants, bone-substitute materials, and cell-based constructs for bone regeneration. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the signaling mechanisms involved in bone regeneration and remodeling and the osteogenic potential of MSCs to become a key cellular resource for such regeneration and remodeling processes. Additionally, an overview of possibilities to beneficially exploit cell signaling processes to optimize bone regeneration is provided.
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31
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Prosecká E, Rampichová M, Litvinec A, Tonar Z, Králíčková M, Vojtová L, Kochová P, Plencner M, Buzgo M, Míčková A, Jančář J, Amler E. Collagen/hydroxyapatite scaffold enriched with polycaprolactone nanofibers, thrombocyte-rich solution and mesenchymal stem cells promotes regeneration in large bone defect in vivo. J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 103:671-82. [PMID: 24838634 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A three-dimensional scaffold of type I collagen and hydroxyapatite enriched with polycaprolactone nanofibers (Coll/HA/PCL), autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in osteogenic media, and thrombocyte-rich solution (TRS) was an optimal implant for bone regeneration in vivo in white rabbits. Nanofibers optimized the viscoelastic properties of the Coll/HA scaffold for bone regeneration. MSCs and TRS in the composite scaffold improved bone regeneration. Three types of Coll/HA/PCL scaffold were prepared: an MSC-enriched scaffold, a TRS-enriched scaffold, and a scaffold enriched with both MSCs and TRS. These scaffolds were implanted into femoral condyle defects 6 mm in diameter and 10-mm deep. Untreated defects were used as a control. Macroscopic and histological analyses of the regenerated tissue from all groups were performed 12 weeks after implantation. The highest volume and most uniform distribution of newly formed bone occurred in defects treated with scaffolds enriched with both MSCs and TRS compared with that in defects treated with scaffolds enriched by either component alone. The modulus of elasticity in compressive testing was significantly higher in the Coll/HA/PCL scaffold than those without nanofibers. The composite Coll scaffold functionalized with PCL nanofibers and enriched with MSCs and TRS appears to be a novel treatment for bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Prosecká
- Institute of Biophysics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, V Uvalu 84, 150 06, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine ASCR v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 14240, Prague, Czech Republic; Student Science s.r.o., Horní Podluží 237, Horní Podluží, 407 57, Czech Republic
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Hawkins AM, Milbrandt TA, Puleo DA, Hilt JZ. Composite hydrogel scaffolds with controlled pore opening via biodegradable hydrogel porogen degradation. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 102:400-12. [PMID: 23686850 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Poly(β-amino ester) (PBAE) biodegradable hydrogel systems have garnered much attention in recent years due to their appealing properties for biomedical applications. These hydrogel systems exhibit properties similar to natural soft tissue, degrade in aqueous environments, and have easily tunable properties that have been well studied and understood. In most cases, tissue engineering scaffolds must possess a three-dimensional interconnected porous network for tissue ingrowth and construct vascularization. Here, PBAE properties were explored and systems were selected to serve as both the pore-forming agent and the outer matrix of a scaffold that exhibits controlled pore opening upon degradation. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a biodegradable hydrogel porogen system entrapped in a degradable hydrogel outer matrix. Scaffolds were prepared, and the degradation, compressive moduli, and porosity were analyzed. An added advantage of a degradable porogen is the potential for controlled drug release, and a model protein was released from the porogen particles to demonstrate this application. Finally, pluripotent cells seeded onto predegraded scaffolds were viable during the first 24 h of exposure, and furthermore, cell tracking confirmed the presence of cells within the pores of the scaffold. Overall, these present studies demonstrate the possibility of using these biodegradable hydrogel porogen-matrix systems as tissue engineering scaffolding materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Hawkins
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506
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33
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Hosseinkhani H, Hong PD, Yu DS. Self-assembled proteins and peptides for regenerative medicine. Chem Rev 2013; 113:4837-61. [PMID: 23547530 DOI: 10.1021/cr300131h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Hosseinkhani
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (Taiwan Tech), Taipei 10607, Taiwan.
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34
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Seol YJ, Park DY, Park JY, Kim SW, Park SJ, Cho DW. A new method of fabricating robust freeform 3D ceramic scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration. Biotechnol Bioeng 2013. [PMID: 23192318 DOI: 10.1002/bit.24794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds with appropriate mechanical properties and desired architecture for promoting cell growth and new tissue formation is one of the most important efforts in tissue engineering field. Scaffolds fabricated from bioactive ceramic materials such as hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate show promise because of their biological ability to support bone tissue regeneration. However, the use of ceramics as scaffold materials is limited because of their inherent brittleness and difficult processability. The aim of this study was to create robust ceramic scaffolds, which have a desired architecture. Such scaffolds were successfully fabricated by projection-based microstereolithography, and dilatometric analysis was conducted to study the sintering behavior of the ceramic materials. The mechanical properties of the scaffolds were improved by infiltrating them with a polycaprolactone solution. The toughness and compressive strength of these ceramic/polymer scaffolds were about twice those of ceramic scaffolds. Furthermore, the osteogenic gene expression on ceramic/polymer scaffolds was better than that on ceramic scaffolds. Through this study, we overcame the limitations of previous research on fabricating ceramic scaffolds and these new robust ceramic scaffolds may provide a much improved 3D substrate for bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Joon Seol
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), San 31, Hyoja dong, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyungbuk, 790-784, Korea
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35
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Tandon N, Cimetta E, Bhumiratana S, Godier-Furnemont A, Maidhof R, Vunjak-Novakovic G. Bioreactors for Tissue Engineering. Biomater Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-087780-8.00112-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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36
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Beck-Broichsitter BE, Christofzik DW, Daschner F, Knöchel R, Smeets R, Warnke P, Wiltfang J, Becker ST. Endocultivation: Metabolism During Heterotopic Osteoinduction In Vivo—Monitoring with Fiber Optic Detection Devices. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2012; 18:740-6. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2011.0641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - David W. Christofzik
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Frank Daschner
- Microwave Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Reinhard Knöchel
- Microwave Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ralf Smeets
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hamburg University, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Warnke
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Jörg Wiltfang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stephan T. Becker
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
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37
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O’Dea RD, Osborne JM, El Haj AJ, Byrne HM, Waters SL. The interplay between tissue growth and scaffold degradation in engineered tissue constructs. J Math Biol 2012; 67:1199-225. [DOI: 10.1007/s00285-012-0587-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Revised: 08/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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38
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Ferreira AM, Gentile P, Chiono V, Ciardelli G. Collagen for bone tissue regeneration. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:3191-200. [PMID: 22705634 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 493] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Revised: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, increased knowledge about the organization, structure and properties of collagen (particularly concerning interactions between cells and collagen-based materials) has inspired scientists and engineers to design innovative collagen-based biomaterials and to develop novel tissue-engineering products. The design of resorbable collagen-based medical implants requires understanding the tissue/organ anatomy and biological function as well as the role of collagen's physicochemical properties and structure in tissue/organ regeneration. Bone is a complex tissue that plays a critical role in diverse metabolic processes mediated by calcium delivery as well as in hematopoiesis whilst maintaining skeleton strength. A wide variety of collagen-based scaffolds have been proposed for different tissue engineering applications. These scaffolds are designed to promote a biological response, such as cell interaction, and to work as artificial biomimetic extracellular matrices that guide tissue regeneration. This paper critically reviews the current understanding of the complex hierarchical structure and properties of native collagen molecules, and describes the scientific challenge of manufacturing collagen-based materials with suitable properties and shapes for specific biomedical applications, with special emphasis on bone tissue engineering. The analysis of the state of the art in the field reveals the presence of innovative techniques for scaffold and material manufacturing that are currently opening the way to the preparation of biomimetic substrates that modulate cell interaction for improved substitution, restoration, retention or enhancement of bone tissue function.
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39
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Development of a phytochemical scaffold for bone tissue engineering using Cissus quadrangularis extract. Carbohydr Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.09.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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40
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Continuum Modelling of In Vitro Tissue Engineering: A Review. COMPUTATIONAL MODELING IN TISSUE ENGINEERING 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/8415_2012_140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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41
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Prosecká E, Rampichová M, Vojtová L, Tvrdík D, Melčáková S, Juhasová J, Plencner M, Jakubová R, Jančář J, Nečas A, Kochová P, Klepáček J, Tonar Z, Amler E. Optimized conditions for mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into osteoblasts on a collagen/hydroxyapatite matrix. J Biomed Mater Res A 2011; 99:307-15. [PMID: 21858919 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.33189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2011] [Revised: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 06/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Collagen/hydroxyapatite (HA) composite scaffolds are known to be suitable scaffolds for seeding with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiated into osteoblasts and for the in vitro production of artificial bones. However, the optimal collagen/HA ratio remains unclear. Our study confirmed that a higher collagen content increased scaffold stiffness but that a greater stiffness was not sufficient for bone tissue formation, a complex process evidently also dependent on scaffold porosity. We found that the scaffold pore diameter was dependent on the concentration of collagen and HA and that it could play a key role in cell seeding. In conclusion, the optimal scaffold for new bone formation and cell proliferation was found to be a composite scaffold formed from 50 wt % HA in 0.5 wt % collagen I solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Prosecká
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.
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42
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del Valle LJ, Roca D, Franco L, Puiggalí J, Rodríguez-Galán A. Preparation and release study of ibuprofen-loaded porous matrices of a biodegradable poly(ester amide) derived from L-alanine units. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.34017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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43
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Sachlos E, Reis N, Ainsley C, Derby B, Czernuszka JT. A Process to Make Collagen Scaffolds with an Artificial Circulatory System using Rapid Prototyping. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-758-ll5.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTTissue engineering aims to produce biological substitutes to restore or repair damaged human tissues or organs. The principle strategy behind tissue engineering involves seeding relevant cell(s) onto porous 3D biodegradable scaffolds. The scaffold acts as a temporary substrate where the cells can attach and then proliferate and differentiate. Collagen is the major protein constituent of the extracellular matrix in the human body and therefore an attractive scaffold material. Current collagen scaffolds are foams which limit the mass transport of oxygen and nutrients deep into the scaffold, and consequently cannot support the growth of thick-cross sections of tissue (greater than 500 μm). We have developed a novel process to make collagen and collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffolds containing an internal artificial circulatory system in the form of branching channels using a sacrificial mould, casting and critical point drying technique. The mould is made using a commercial rapid prototyping system, the Model-Maker II, and is designed to possess a series of connected shafts. The mould is dissolved away and the solvent itself removed by critical point drying with liquid carbon dioxide. Processed hydroxyapatite has been characterised by XRD and FTIR analysis. Tissue engineering with collagen scaffolds possessing controlled internal microarchitecture may be the key to growing thick cross-sections of human tissue.
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Song Y, Wennink JW, Kamphuis MM, Sterk LM, Vermes I, Poot AA, Feijen J, Grijpma DW. Dynamic Culturing of Smooth Muscle Cells in Tubular Poly(Trimethylene Carbonate) Scaffolds for Vascular Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Part A 2011; 17:381-7. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2009.0805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Song
- Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine (MIRA), University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jos W.H. Wennink
- Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine (MIRA), University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Marloes M.J. Kamphuis
- Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine (MIRA), University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical Spectrum Twente Hospital, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | | | - Istvan Vermes
- Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine (MIRA), University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical Spectrum Twente Hospital, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Andre A. Poot
- Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine (MIRA), University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Feijen
- Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine (MIRA), University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk W. Grijpma
- Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine (MIRA), University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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45
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Saunders R, Gough J, Derby B. Ink Jet printing of mammalian primary cells for tissue engineering applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-845-aa2.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTA piezoelectric drop on demand printer has been used to print primary human osteoblast and bovine chondrocyte cells. After deposition the cells were incubated at 37°C and characterised using optical microscopy, SEM and cell viability assays. Cells showed a robust response to printing exhibiting signs of proliferation and spreading. Increasing the drop velocity results in a reduced cell survival and proliferation rates but both cell types grew to confluence after printing under all conditions studied.
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46
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Altomare L, Riehle M, Gadegaard N, Tanzi MC, Farè S. Microcontact printing of fibronectin on a biodegradable polymeric surface for skeletal muscle cell orientation. Int J Artif Organs 2011; 33:535-43. [PMID: 20872348 DOI: 10.1177/039139881003300804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Micropatterning and microfabrication techniques have been widely used to control cell adhesion and proliferation along a preferential direction according to contact guidance theory. One of these techniques is microcontact printing, a soft lithographic technique based on the transfer of a "molecular ink" from an elastomeric stamp to a surface. This method allows the useful attachment of biomolecules in a few seconds on a variety of surfaces with sub-micrometer resolution and control, without modifying the biomolecule properties. The aim of this study is to develop an easy and versatile technique for in vitro production of arrays of skeletal muscle myofibers using microcontact printing technique on biodegradable substrata. METHODS Microcontact printing of fibronectin stripes (10, 25, 50 μm in width) was performed onto biodegradable L-lactide/trimethylene carbonate copolymer (PLLA-TMC) films. C2C12, a murine myoblast cell line, was used for the production of parallel myofibers. RESULTS This approach proved to be simple, reliable and effective in obtaining a stable pattern of fibronectin on the PLLA-TMC surface as observed by fluorescence microscopy. C2C12 cells were well aligned along the pattern 24 hours after seeding, especially on fibronectin stripes 10 and 25 μm in width. Seven days after confluence cells fused and formed aligned multinucleated cells expressing a-actinin. CONCLUSIONS Fibronectin patterning seems to be a useful method to induce cell alignment and to improve myotube formation. Further studies will be focused on the possibility of applying external stimuli to these structures to obtain healthy myotubes and to induce myofiber development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Altomare
- BioMatLab, Bioengineering Department, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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Jha AK, Xu X, Duncan RL, Jia X. Controlling the adhesion and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells using hyaluronic acid-based, doubly crosslinked networks. Biomaterials 2011; 32:2466-78. [PMID: 21216457 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2010] [Accepted: 12/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We have created hyaluronic acid (HA)-based, cell-adhesive hydrogels that direct the initial attachment and the subsequent differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into pre-osteoblasts without osteogenic supplements. HA-based hydrogel particles (HGPs) with an average diameter of 5-6 μm containing an estimated 2.2 wt% gelatin (gHGPs) were synthesized by covalent immobilization of gelatin to HA HGPs prepared via an inverse emulsion polymerization technique. Separately, a photocrosslinkable HA macromer (HAGMA) was synthesized by chemical modification of HA with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA). Doubly crosslinked networks (DXNs) were engineered by embedding gHGPs in a secondary network established by HAGMA at a particle concentration of 2.5 wt%. The resultant composite gels, designated as HA-gHGP, have an average compressive modulus of 21 kPa, and are non-toxic to the cultured MSCs. MSCs readily attached to these gels, exhibiting an early stage of stress fiber assembly 3 h post seeding. By day 7, stellate-shaped cells with extended filopodia were found on HA-gHGP gels. Moreover, cells had migrated deep into the matrix, forming a three dimensional, branched and interconnected cell community. Conversely, MSCs on the control gels lacking gelatin moieties formed isolated spheroids with rounded cell morphology. After 28 days of culture on HA-gHGP, Type I collagen production and mineral deposition were detected in the absence of osteogenic supplements, suggesting induction of osteogenic differentiation. In contrast, cells on the control gels expressed markers for adipogenesis. Overall, the HA-gHGP composite matrix has great promise for directing the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs by providing an adaptable environment through the spatial presentation of cell-adhesive modules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit K Jha
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, 201, DuPont Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA
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Abstract
Current strategies of regenerative medicine are focused on the restoration of pathologically altered tissue architectures by transplantation of cells in combination with supportive scaffolds and biomolecules. In recent years, considerable interest has been given to biologically active scaffolds which are based on similar analogs of the extracellular matrix that have induced synthesis of tissues and organs. To restore function or regenerate tissue, a scaffold is necessary that will act as a temporary matrix for cell proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition, with subsequent ingrowth until the tissues are totally restored or regenerated. Scaffolds have been used for tissue engineering such as bone, cartilage, ligament, skin, vascular tissues, neural tissues, and skeletal muscle and as vehicle for the controlled delivery of drugs, proteins, and DNA. Various technologies come together to construct porous scaffolds to regenerate the tissues/organs and also for controlled and targeted release of bioactive agents in tissue engineering applications. In this paper, an overview of the different types of scaffolds with their material properties is discussed. The fabrication technologies for tissue engineering scaffolds, including the basic and conventional techniques to the more recent ones, are tabulated.
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A Brief Review of the Modelling of the Time Dependent Mechanical Properties of Tissue Engineering Scaffolds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbte.6.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The functionality of tissue scaffolds in vivo plays a critical role in the treatment process. Due to the time dependent nature of the mechanical properties of the constituent phases of the scaffold, a wide range of mechanical property histories may be observed during the treatment process, possibly influencing outcomes. The critical nature of the mechanical properties in load bearing applications indicates a need for the simultaneous modelling of both scaffold degradation and tissue regeneration with time, and the resulting effective properties of the tissue engineering construct. To this end, a review of the literature is conducted to identify the various existing approaches to modelling scaffold degradation, tissue behavior, and the dependency of the two processes on one another.
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Oliveira JT, Reis RL. Polysaccharide-based materials for cartilage tissue engineering applications. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2010; 5:421-36. [DOI: 10.1002/term.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2010] [Accepted: 05/18/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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