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Harrison LM, Noble DWA, Jennions MD. A meta-analysis of sex differences in animal personality: no evidence for the greater male variability hypothesis. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 97:679-707. [PMID: 34908228 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The notion that men are more variable than women has become embedded into scientific thinking. For mental traits like personality, greater male variability has been partly attributed to biology, underpinned by claims that there is generally greater variation among males than females in non-human animals due to stronger sexual selection on males. However, evidence for greater male variability is limited to morphological traits, and there is little information regarding sex differences in personality-like behaviours for non-human animals. Here, we meta-analysed sex differences in means and variances for over 2100 effects (204 studies) from 220 species (covering five broad taxonomic groups) across five personality traits: boldness, aggression, activity, sociality and exploration. We also tested if sexual size dimorphism, a proxy for sex-specific sexual selection, explains variation in the magnitude of sex differences in personality. We found no significant differences in personality between the sexes. In addition, sexual size dimorphism did not explain variation in the magnitude of the observed sex differences in the mean or variance in personality for any taxonomic group. In sum, we find no evidence for widespread sex differences in variability in non-human animal personality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Harrison
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, 46 Sullivans Creek Road, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - Daniel W A Noble
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, 46 Sullivans Creek Road, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - Michael D Jennions
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, 46 Sullivans Creek Road, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
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Court L, Balthazart J, Ball GF, Cornil CA. Effect of chronic intracerebroventricular administration of an aromatase inhibitor on the expression of socio-sexual behaviors in male Japanese quail. Behav Brain Res 2021; 410:113315. [PMID: 33901434 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aromatase converts androgens into estrogens in the brain of vertebrates including humans. This enzyme is also expressed in other tissues where its action may result in negative effects on human health (e.g., promotion of tumor growth). To prevent these effects, aromatase inhibitors were developed and are currently used to block human estrogen-dependent tumors. In vertebrates including quail, aromatase is expressed in a highly conserved set of interconnected brain nuclei known as the social behavior network. This network is directly implicated in the expression of a large range of social behaviors. The primary goal of this study was to characterize in Japanese quail the potential impact of brain aromatase on sexual behavior, aggressiveness and social motivation (i.e., tendency to approach and stay close to conspecifics). An additional goal was to test the feasibility and effectiveness of long-term delivery of an aromatase inhibitor directly into the third ventricle via Alzet™ osmotic minipumps using male sexual behavior as the aromatase dependent measure. We demonstrate that this mode of administration results in the strongest inhibition of both copulatory behavior and sexual motivation ever observed in this species, while other social behaviors were variably affected. Sexual motivation and the tendency to approach a group of conspecifics including females clearly seem to depend on brain aromatase, but the effects of central estrogen production on aggressive behavior and on the motivation to approach males remain less clear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Court
- GIGA Neurosciences, University of Liège, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Gregory F Ball
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
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3
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Morris KM, Hindle MM, Boitard S, Burt DW, Danner AF, Eory L, Forrest HL, Gourichon D, Gros J, Hillier LW, Jaffredo T, Khoury H, Lansford R, Leterrier C, Loudon A, Mason AS, Meddle SL, Minvielle F, Minx P, Pitel F, Seiler JP, Shimmura T, Tomlinson C, Vignal A, Webster RG, Yoshimura T, Warren WC, Smith J. The quail genome: insights into social behaviour, seasonal biology and infectious disease response. BMC Biol 2020; 18:14. [PMID: 32050986 PMCID: PMC7017630 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-020-0743-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) is a popular domestic poultry species and an increasingly significant model species in avian developmental, behavioural and disease research. RESULTS We have produced a high-quality quail genome sequence, spanning 0.93 Gb assigned to 33 chromosomes. In terms of contiguity, assembly statistics, gene content and chromosomal organisation, the quail genome shows high similarity to the chicken genome. We demonstrate the utility of this genome through three diverse applications. First, we identify selection signatures and candidate genes associated with social behaviour in the quail genome, an important agricultural and domestication trait. Second, we investigate the effects and interaction of photoperiod and temperature on the transcriptome of the quail medial basal hypothalamus, revealing key mechanisms of photoperiodism. Finally, we investigate the response of quail to H5N1 influenza infection. In quail lung, many critical immune genes and pathways were downregulated after H5N1 infection, and this may be key to the susceptibility of quail to H5N1. CONCLUSIONS We have produced a high-quality genome of the quail which will facilitate further studies into diverse research questions using the quail as a model avian species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina M Morris
- The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK.
| | - Matthew M Hindle
- The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Simon Boitard
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - David W Burt
- The John Hay Building, Queensland Biosciences Precinct, 306 Carmody Road, The University of Queensland, QLD, St Lucia, 4072, Australia
| | - Angela F Danner
- Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Lel Eory
- The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Heather L Forrest
- Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - David Gourichon
- PEAT Pôle d'Expérimentation Avicole de Tours, Centre de recherche Val de Loire, INRAE, 1295, Nouzilly, UE, France
| | - Jerome Gros
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724, Cedex 15, Paris, France
- CNRS URA3738, 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75015, Paris, France
| | - LaDeana W Hillier
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Blvd, St Louis, MO, 63108, USA
| | - Thierry Jaffredo
- CNRS UMR7622, Inserm U 1156, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement, Sorbonne Université, IBPS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Hanane Khoury
- CNRS UMR7622, Inserm U 1156, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement, Sorbonne Université, IBPS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Rusty Lansford
- Department of Radiology and Developmental Neuroscience Program, Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
| | - Christine Leterrier
- UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRAE, CNRS, Université François Rabelais, IFCE, INRAE, Val de Loire, 37380, Nouzilly, Centre, France
| | - Andrew Loudon
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, 3.001, A.V. Hill Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Andrew S Mason
- The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Simone L Meddle
- The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Francis Minvielle
- GABI, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Patrick Minx
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Blvd, St Louis, MO, 63108, USA
| | - Frédérique Pitel
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - J Patrick Seiler
- Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Tsuyoshi Shimmura
- Department of Biological Production, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-8-1 Harumi-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8538, Japan
| | - Chad Tomlinson
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Blvd, St Louis, MO, 63108, USA
| | - Alain Vignal
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Robert G Webster
- Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Takashi Yoshimura
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Wesley C Warren
- Department of Animal Sciences, Department of Surgery, Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Bond Life Sciences Center, 1201 Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Jacqueline Smith
- The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
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Recoquillay J, Pitel F, Arnould C, Leroux S, Dehais P, Moréno C, Calandreau L, Bertin A, Gourichon D, Bouchez O, Vignal A, Fariello MI, Minvielle F, Beaumont C, Leterrier C, Le Bihan-Duval E. A medium density genetic map and QTL for behavioral and production traits in Japanese quail. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:10. [PMID: 25609057 PMCID: PMC4307178 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-014-1210-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Behavioral traits such as sociability, emotional reactivity and aggressiveness are major factors in animal adaptation to breeding conditions. In order to investigate the genetic control of these traits as well as their relationships with production traits, a study was undertaken on a large second generation cross (F2) between two lines of Japanese Quail divergently selected on their social reinstatement behavior. All the birds were measured for several social behaviors (social reinstatement, response to social isolation, sexual motivation, aggression), behaviors measuring the emotional reactivity of the birds (reaction to an unknown object, tonic immobility reaction), and production traits (body weight and egg production). RESULTS We report the results of the first genome-wide QTL detection based on a medium density SNP panel obtained from whole genome sequencing of a pool of individuals from each divergent line. A genetic map was constructed using 2145 markers among which 1479 could be positioned on 28 different linkage groups. The sex-averaged linkage map spanned a total of 3057 cM with an average marker spacing of 2.1 cM. With the exception of a few regions, the marker order was the same in Japanese Quail and the chicken, which confirmed a well conserved synteny between the two species. The linkage analyses performed using QTLMAP software revealed a total of 45 QTLs related either to behavioral (23) or production (22) traits. The most numerous QTLs (15) concerned social motivation traits. Interestingly, our results pinpointed putative pleiotropic regions which controlled emotional reactivity and body-weight of birds (on CJA5 and CJA8) or their social motivation and the onset of egg laying (on CJA19). CONCLUSION This study identified several QTL regions for social and emotional behaviors in the Quail. Further research will be needed to refine the QTL and confirm or refute the role of candidate genes, which were suggested by bioinformatics analysis. It can be hoped that the identification of genes and polymorphisms related to behavioral traits in the quail will have further applications for other poultry species (especially the chicken) and will contribute to solving animal welfare issues in poultry production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frédérique Pitel
- UMR INRA/Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage, INRA, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
- INPT ENSAT / Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage, INRA, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
- INPT ENVT Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage, INRA, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
| | - Cécile Arnould
- INRA, UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380, Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS, UMR7247, F-37380, Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37000, Tours, France.
- IFCE, F-37380, Nouzilly, France.
| | - Sophie Leroux
- UMR INRA/Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage, INRA, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
- INPT ENSAT / Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage, INRA, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
- INPT ENVT Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage, INRA, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
| | - Patrice Dehais
- UMR INRA/Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage, INRA, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
- INPT ENSAT / Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage, INRA, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
- INPT ENVT Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage, INRA, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
- INRA, Sigenae UR875 Biométrie et Intelligence Artificielle, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
| | - Carole Moréno
- UMR INRA/Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage, INRA, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
- INPT ENSAT / Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage, INRA, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
- INPT ENVT Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage, INRA, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
| | - Ludovic Calandreau
- INRA, UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380, Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS, UMR7247, F-37380, Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37000, Tours, France.
- IFCE, F-37380, Nouzilly, France.
| | - Aline Bertin
- INRA, UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380, Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS, UMR7247, F-37380, Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37000, Tours, France.
- IFCE, F-37380, Nouzilly, France.
| | - David Gourichon
- UE1295 Pôle d'Expérimentation Avicole de Tours, F-37380, Nouzilly, France.
| | - Olivier Bouchez
- UMR INRA/Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage, INRA, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
- INPT ENSAT / Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage, INRA, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
- INPT ENVT Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage, INRA, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
- INRA, GeT-PlaGe Genotoul, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
| | - Alain Vignal
- UMR INRA/Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage, INRA, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
- INPT ENSAT / Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage, INRA, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
- INPT ENVT Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage, INRA, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
| | - Maria Ines Fariello
- UMR INRA/Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage, INRA, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
- INPT ENSAT / Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage, INRA, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
- INPT ENVT Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage, INRA, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
- Institut Pasteur, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Francis Minvielle
- INRA, UMR1313 GABI Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative, F-78530, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
| | | | - Christine Leterrier
- INRA, UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380, Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS, UMR7247, F-37380, Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37000, Tours, France.
- IFCE, F-37380, Nouzilly, France.
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Abstract
Social conflict is mostly studied in relation to aggression. A more integral approach, including aggressive and affiliative behaviour as well as physiology, may however give a better understanding of the animals' experience during social conflict. The experience of social conflict may also be reflected in the spatial distribution between conspecifics. The objective was to assess the relationship between behaviour, physiology, and spatial integration in pigs (Sus scrofa) during social conflict. Hereto, 64 groups of pigs (9 wk of age) were studied in a 24 h regrouping test whereby pairs of familiar pigs were grouped with 2 unfamiliar pairs, in either barren or straw-enriched housing. Data on aggressive and affiliative behaviour, skin lesions, body weight, and haptoglobin could be summarized into three principal component analysis factors. These three factors were analysed in relation to spatial integration, i.e. inter-individual distances and lying in body contact. Pigs stayed up to 24 h after encounter in closer proximity to the familiar pig than to unfamiliar pigs. Pigs with a high factor 1 score were more inactive, gave little social nosing, had many skin lesions and a high body weight. They tended to space further away from the familiar pig (b = 1.9 cm; P = 0.08) and unfamiliar ones (b = 0.7 cm; P = 0.05). Pigs that were involved in much aggression (factor 2), and that had a strong increase in haptoglobin (factor 3), tended to be relatively most far away from unfamiliar pigs (b = 0.03 times further; P = 0.08). Results on lying in body contact were coherent with results on distances. Pigs in enriched housing spaced further apart than pigs in barren housing (P<0.001). The combined analysis of measures revealed animals that may either promote or slow down group cohesion, which may not have become clear from single parameters. This emphasizes the importance of an integral approach to social conflict.
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Effect of group disruption on social behaviour in lines of Japanese quail (Coturnixjaponica) selected for high or low levels of social reinstatement behaviour. Behav Processes 2014; 48:171-81. [PMID: 24894369 DOI: 10.1016/s0376-6357(99)00081-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/1999] [Revised: 11/30/1999] [Accepted: 12/03/1999] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Japanese quail of lines selected for high (HSR) or low (LSR) levels of social reinstatement (SR) behaviour were reared in groups of three. At 3 and 6 weeks of age, one group member was replaced with an unfamiliar conspecific bird. Behaviour following introduction of the intruder was similar at both ages. Quail of both lines spent more time immobile after introduction of the intruder than before its introduction. In the LSR, but not the HSR line, inter-individual distances between intruders and other chicks, were greater than those between familiar chicks. Birds of both lines pecked more between unfamiliar than between familiar birds. Pecks, not associated with escape or avoidance by the pecked bird, were more frequent in HSR groups. Selection for HSR behaviour appears to have increased non-aggressive exploration of intruder whereas selection for LSR behaviour has decreased interest in or increased shunning of intruders.
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Bøe KE, Ehrlenbruch R, Jørgensen GHM, Andersen IL. Individual distance during resting and feeding in age homogeneous vs. age heterogeneous groups of goats. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2013.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Formanek L, Richard-Yris MA, Petton C, Houdelier C, Lumineau S. Difference of social motivation in quail selected for divergent circadian activity. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2011.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Formanek L, Richard-Yris MA, Houdelier C, Lumineau S. Rhythmic birds show a better social integration than arrhythmic birds. Chronobiol Int 2010; 28:48-57. [PMID: 21182404 DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2010.532264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The activity rhythms of Japanese quail vary from one individual to another. Performing a divergent selection, we obtained one line of quail expressing a robust circadian rhythmicity of feeding activity (R) and one line of quail expressing circadian arrhythmicity of feeding activity (A). We questioned whether the endogenous rhythmicity of an individual could predict its integration in a group. For that, we introduced either an R- or an A-line chick into stable groups of standard chicks. First, we evaluated proximity and synchronization of the introduced chicks on the activities of the other group members. R-chicks remained spatially and temporally closer to other group members than did A-chicks. Second, we evaluated interactions of the introduced chicks and the level of their acceptance by the other group members. R-chicks were more competent to gain access to food than were A-chicks, and separation from their group stressed R-chicks more than A-chicks. Last, successive introductions assessed age effects: before, around, and after dispersal time (∼11th day of chicks' life). Most differences between R- and A-chicks were observed between their 7th and 15th day of life. In conclusion, individual endogenous rhythms predict social integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laureline Formanek
- UMR 6552 Ethologie animale et humaine EthoS, Université de Rennes 1-CNRS, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
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11
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Schweitzer C, Arnould C. Emotional reactivity of Japanese quail chicks with high or low social motivation reared under unstable social conditions. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2010.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Schweitzer C, Houdelier C, Lumineau S, Lévy F, Arnould C. Social motivation does not go hand in hand with social bonding between two familiar Japanese quail chicks, Coturnix japonica. Anim Behav 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2009.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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13
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Formanek L, Richard-Yris MA, Arnould C, Houdelier C, Lumineau S. Individual behavioural rhythmicity is linked to social motivation in Japanese quail. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2009.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Schweitzer C, Poindron P, Arnould C. Social motivation affects the display of individual discrimination in young and adult Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). Dev Psychobiol 2009; 51:311-21. [PMID: 19277976 DOI: 10.1002/dev.20370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A simultaneous two-choice test was used to investigate discrimination between a familiar (F) and an unfamiliar conspecific (U) in Japanese quail, selected for high (HSR) or low (LSR) social reinstatement behavior (tendency to rejoin and stay close to conspecifics). Animals were 1-week unsexed and 6-week-old male quail. One-week-old LSR quail and 6-week-old male HSR quail displayed discrimination after 24 hr of pair contact (p < 0.05), and a tendency to discriminate (p < 0.10) was found in adult male LSR quail. After 1 week of pair contact, results were similar in LSR quail chicks, but no discrimination was evidenced in adult quail of either line. Therefore, Japanese quail are able to discriminate between a familiar cagemate and an unfamiliar conspecific after only 24 hr of pair contact. Moreover, this study reveals for the first time in this species that social motivation and age both influence the display of individual discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Schweitzer
- INRA, UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France
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Formanek L, Houdelier C, Lumineau S, Bertin A, Richard-Yris MA. Maternal Epigenetic Transmission of Social Motivation in Birds. Ethology 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0310.2008.01536.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Formanek L, Houdelier C, Lumineau S, Bertin A, Cabanès G, Richard-Yris MA. Selection of social traits in juvenile Japanese quail affects adults’ behaviour. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2007.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Tiemann I, Rehkämper G. Breed-specific companions—Inter-individual distances reflect isolating mechanisms within domesticated chickens (Gallus gallus f.d.). Brain Res Bull 2008; 76:300-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2008.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2007] [Revised: 02/28/2008] [Accepted: 03/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Gil D, Faure JM. Correlated response in yolk testosterone levels following divergent genetic selection for social behaviour in Japanese quail. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 307:91-4. [PMID: 17171709 DOI: 10.1002/jez.a.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Maternal effects are a powerful tool that parents can use to modify the phenotype of their offspring. In birds, the amount of androgens that females deposit in their eggs has been shown to influence early development and adult behavioural phenotypes. Differences in such behavioural strategies have been used as the target of artificial selection programmes with a view to improve animal welfare. In this study, we tested whether artificial selection for divergent social behaviour in Japanese quail had resulted in correlated changes in yolk androgen levels. We used lines that had been selected at the chick stage for high and low motivation to regain contact with a group of conspecific chicks. This procedure has led to important behavioural differences in the high and low line in a suite of behavioural correlates of sociality. We found that eggs laid by the line selected for high motivation for social reinstatement contained more than twice the amount of yolk testosterone of eggs laid by females from the low line, while the unselected line laid eggs with intermediate levels. This finding strongly suggests a functional link between these two traits, and underlines the possible role of yolk androgen modulation in promoting the evolution of behavioural syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Gil
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, E-28006 Madrid, Spain.
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Väisänen J, Lindqvist C, Jensen P. Co-segregation of behaviour and production related traits in an F3 intercross between red junglefowl and White Leghorn laying hens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livprodsci.2004.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Väisänen J, Jensen P. Social versus exploration and foraging motivation in young red junglefowl (Gallus gallus) and White Leghorn layers. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2003.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Ottinger MA, Abdelnabi M, Quinn M, Golden N, Wu J, Thompson N. Reproductive consequences of EDCs in birds: what do laboratory effects mean in field species? Neurotoxicol Teratol 2002; 24:17-28. [PMID: 11836068 DOI: 10.1016/s0892-0362(01)00195-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The varied reproductive strategies of birds present a challenge in developing reliable indices for the assessment of effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Precocial species, such as quail, appear to be most sensitive to EDC effects during embryonic development. Although the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) is a nonnative lab species, its reproductive strategy is similar to that of many free-ranging species. Because a great deal is known about the reproductive biology of this species and Japanese quail have a short generation time, this species is an ideal candidate for testing EDC effects. In this review, we present data collected in a two-generation design with embryonic exposure to estradiol benzoate (EB). This study was conducted to provide fundamental information for establishing reliable reproductive endpoints associated with estrogenic EDC exposure. Data were collected for a variety of endpoints, which were chosen as measures of reproductive capability and success. These reproductive fitness measures included fertility, hatching success, and offspring viability. Endocrine measures consisted of plasma hormone levels and gonad weight/condition. Neuroendocrine systems, such as the monoamine neurotransmitter systems, regulate hypothalamic gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and reproductive behavior. Therefore, these variables should potentially be very sensitive indicators. Behavioral measures included reproductive behavior. Results showed that embryonic estradiol exposure affected endocrine and behavioral responses in males and impacted productivity in females. Therefore, quails provide an excellent model to determine fundamental actions of EDCs. The laboratory trials then serve as a basis for the extrapolation of findings of controlled laboratory studies to effects that may be observable in free-ranging species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ann Ottinger
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, Room 3113, Animal Sciences Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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Plusquellec P, Bouissou MF. Behavioural characteristics of two dairy breeds of cows selected (Hérens) or not (Brune des Alpes) for fighting and dominance ability. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2001; 72:1-21. [PMID: 11259823 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1591(00)00198-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Two breeds of dairy cattle, one selected for intra-specific fighting and dominance ability (Hérens, H), the other not selected for this behavioural trait (Brune des Alpes, BA), submitted to the same management techniques, were compared with respect to their social behaviour (dominance, agonistic behaviour, social tolerance, social motivation, social distance), fear reactions, ease of handling and physiological correlates.As expected, cows from the H breed were dominant over the BA cows, they were also less fearful either in response to novel objects or in surprise effect tests and had higher social distances at pasture.On the contrary, H cows were less aggressive in undisturbed groups and more tolerant in a food-competition test than BA cows. There were no differences between the two breeds either in aggressive acts in encounters with unfamiliar animals, or in persistence in conflict situations.Furthermore, H cows were less easy to handle in a standardised test, and tended to be less socially motivated than BA cows. Lastly, H cows had higher plasma testosterone levels, and tended to present a lower increase in plasma cortisol level after a surprise effect than BA cows.Thus, the breeders' selection for fighting and dominance ability in H breed appears to have led to several behavioural and hormonal changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Plusquellec
- I.N.R.A., Laboratoire d'Etude du Comportement Animal, F-37380, Nouzilly, France
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