1
|
Lewden A, Ward C, Noiret A, Avril S, Abolivier L, Gérard C, Hammer TL, Raymond É, Robin JP, Viblanc VA, Bize P, Stier A. Surface temperatures are influenced by handling stress independently of corticosterone levels in wild king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus). J Therm Biol 2024; 121:103850. [PMID: 38608548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Assessing the physiological stress responses of wild animals opens a window for understanding how organisms cope with environmental challenges. Since stress response is associated with changes in body temperature, the use of body surface temperature through thermal imaging could help to measure acute and chronic stress responses non-invasively. We used thermal imaging, acute handling-stress protocol and an experimental manipulation of corticosterone (the main glucocorticoid hormone in birds) levels in breeding king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus), to assess: 1. The potential contribution of the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis in mediating chronic and acute stress-induced changes in adult surface temperature, 2. The influence of HPA axis manipulation on parental investment through thermal imaging of eggs and brooded chicks, and 3. The impact of parental treatment on offspring thermal's response to acute handling. Maximum eye temperature (Teye) increased and minimum beak temperature (Tbeak) decreased in response to handling stress in adults, but neither basal nor stress-induced surface temperatures were significantly affected by corticosterone implant. While egg temperature was not significantly influenced by parental treatment, we found a surprising pattern for chicks: chicks brooded by the (non-implanted) partner of corticosterone-implanted individuals exhibited higher surface temperature (both Teye and Tbeak) than those brooded by glucocorticoid-implanted or control parents. Chick's response to handling in terms of surface temperature was characterized by a drop in both Teye and Tbeak independently of parental treatment. We conclude that the HPA axis seems unlikely to play a major role in determining chronic or acute changes in surface temperature in king penguins. Changes in surface temperature may primarily be mediated by the Sympathetic-Adrenal-Medullary (SAM) axis in response to stressful situations. Our experiment did not reveal a direct impact of parental HPA axis manipulation on parental investment (egg or chick temperature), but a potential influence on the partner's brooding behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnès Lewden
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Université de Brest - UMR 6539 CNRS/UBO/IRD/Ifremer, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'environnement Marin - IUEM, Rue Dumont D'Urville, 29280, Plouzané, France.
| | - Chelsea Ward
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Aude Noiret
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 LEHNA, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sandra Avril
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Lucie Abolivier
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Caroline Gérard
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Tracey L Hammer
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Émilie Raymond
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 LEHNA, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France; Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Patrice Robin
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent A Viblanc
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre Bize
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK; Swiss Ornithological Institute, CH-6204, Sempach, Switzerland
| | - Antoine Stier
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 LEHNA, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France; Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000, Strasbourg, France; Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dutton HR, DuPreez LH, Netherlands EC, Jordaan BJ, Bullard SA. DESCRIPTION OF FEMALE DENDRITOBILHARZIA PULVERULENTA (BRAUN, 1901) SKRJABIN, 1924 FROM TWO NEW AVIAN HOSTS IN NAMIBIA WITH PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES AND COMMENTS ON SEVERAL TAXONOMICALLY UNCERTAIN AVIAN SCHISTOSOME SEQUENCES. J Parasitol 2024; 110:170-178. [PMID: 38629269 DOI: 10.1645/23-44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
During a 2021 parasitological survey of birds in the Nyae Nyae-Khaudum Dispersal Area (Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area, Namibia), we collected 9 specimens of Dendritobilharzia pulverulenta (Braun, 1901) Skrjabin, 1924 infecting the blood (heart lumen) of a white-backed duck, Thalassornis leuconotus (Eyton, 1838) (Anseriformes: Anatidae), and a fulvous whistling duck, Dendrocygna bicolor (Vieillot, 1816) (Anatidae). These flukes were fixed for morphology and preserved for DNA extraction. We assigned our specimens to DendritobilharziaSkrjabin and Zakharow, 1920 because they were strongly dorso-ventrally flattened in both sexes and had an intestinal cyclocoel with a zig-zag common cecum with lateral dendritic ramifications, numerous testes posterior to the cyclocoel and flanking the dendritic ramifications, and a tightly compacted convoluted ovary as well as lacking an oral sucker, ventral sucker, and gynaecophoric canal. Further, our specimens were morphologically identical to previously published descriptions of D. pulverulenta. Sequences of the 28S from our specimens were nearly identical to those identified as D. pulverulenta from North America (New Mexico), and our 28S phylogenetic analysis recovered D. pulverulenta within a polytomy of other Gigantobilharziinae spp. The CO1 phylogenetic analysis recovered a monophyletic Dendritobilharzia and, with low taxon sampling, a monophyletic Gigantobilharzia. This is the first record of a species of Dendritobilharzia infecting these ducks as well as the first record of an adult Dendritobilharzia from sub-Saharan Africa. The original description of adult D. pulverulenta (type locality: northern Sudan) was based on 2 males only, and hence the present study is the first description of female D. pulverulenta from Africa (the continent of the type locality). We reassign 2 Gigantobilharziinae spp. based on morphology and nucleotide evidence: Gigantobilharzia ensenadense (Lorenti, Brant, Gilardoni, Diaz, and Cremonte, 2022) Dutton and Bullard, n. comb., and Gigantobilharzia patagonense (Lorenti, Brant, Gilardoni, Diaz, and Cremonte, 2022) Dutton and Bullard, n. comb. We also comment on several avian schistosome sequences whose identities need confirmation or that likely have been misidentified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haley R Dutton
- Aquatic Parasitology Laboratory and Southeastern Cooperative Fish Parasite and Disease Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, & Aquatic Sciences, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, 559 Devall Drive, Auburn, Alabama 36832
| | - Louis H DuPreez
- African Amphibian Conservation Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Somerset Street, Grahamstown 6139, South Africa
| | - Edward C Netherlands
- Natural and Agriculture Sciences, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Bernard J Jordaan
- African Amphibian Conservation Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - Stephen A Bullard
- Aquatic Parasitology Laboratory and Southeastern Cooperative Fish Parasite and Disease Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, & Aquatic Sciences, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, 559 Devall Drive, Auburn, Alabama 36832
- Department of Zoology, School for Environmental Sciences and Development, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Meister SL, Origgi FC, Wyss FS, Wenker C, Moré G, Basso W. Angiostrongylus dujardini infection in a coconut lorikeet (Trichoglossus haematodus) from a zoological garden in Switzerland. Parasitol Int 2024; 99:102829. [PMID: 38030119 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2023.102829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Angiostrongylus spp. (Metastrongyloidea) can cause severe disease in several animal species and humans. This report describes an infection with Angiostrongylus dujardini in a captive coconut lorikeet (Trichoglossus haematodus) from a zoo in Switzerland. The bird was reported being attacked by conspecifics, removed from the flock, and hospitalized. It showed lethargy, moderately reduced body condition, and lack of reaction to visual stimuli. Analgesic and antibiotic treatment were initiated but because of worsening of its general condition, the bird was euthanized the following day. Necropsy revealed multifocal, subcutaneous hemorrhages, diffusely reddened lungs and a moderately dilated right heart with several intraluminal nematodes embedded in a coagulum. Four worms were collected and microscopically examined. They were identified as adult females, measuring 19-21 mm long x 0.4-0.5 mm wide, with general morphological and morphometric characteristics consistent with angiostrongylid nematodes. In lung sections, multifocal collection of thin-walled embryonated eggs in variable stages of development was observed along with fully developed nematode larvae within the lumina of alveoli and lung vessels. Associated granulomatous infiltrates indicated a severe, multifocal, chronic, granulomatous pneumonia. The diagnosis of A. dujardini infection was formulated by morphological examination of adult and larval stages, supported by molecular analysis (PCR-amplification and sequencing of the ITS2, 5.8S and 28S rDNA flanking regions). This is the first report of A. dujardini infection in an avian species, providing evidence that birds can serve as accidental hosts of this parasite in addition to mammals, and that the parasite can reach maturity and multiply in the avian cardiorespiratory system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seraina L Meister
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Francesco C Origgi
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fabia S Wyss
- Zoo Basel, Binningerstrasse 40, CH-4054, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Gastón Moré
- Institute of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Walter Basso
- Institute of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mohanty B. Pesticides exposure and compromised fitness in wild birds: Focusing on the reproductive endocrine disruption. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2024; 199:105800. [PMID: 38458691 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Exposure of pesticides to wildlife species, especially on the aspect of endocrine disruption is of great concern. Wildlife species are more at risk to harmful exposures to the pesticides in their natural habitat through diet and several other means. Species at a higher tropic level in the food chain are more susceptible to the deleterious effects due to sequential biomagnifications of the pesticides/metabolites. Pesticides directly affect fitness of the species in the wild causing reproductive endocrine disruption impairing the hormones of the gonads and thyroid glands as reproduction is under the influence of cross regulations of these hormones. This review presents a comprehensive compilation of important literatures on the impact of the current use pesticides in disruption of both the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal and hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axes particularly in birds addressing impacts on the reproductive impairments and overall fitness. In addition to the epidemiological studies, laboratory investigations those provide supportive evidences of the probable mechanisms of disruption in the wild also have been incorporated in this review. To accurately predict the endocrine-disruption of the pesticides as well as to delineate the risk associated with potential cumulative effects, studies are to be more focused on the environmentally realistic exposure dose, mixture pesticide exposures and transgenerational effects. In addition, strategic screening/appropriate methodologies have to be developed to reveal the endocrine disruption potential of the contemporary use pesticides. Demand for adequate quantitative structure-activity relationships and insilico molecular docking studies for timely validation have been highlighted.
Collapse
|
5
|
Fehér E, Kaszab E, Mótyán JA, Máté D, Bali K, Hoitsy M, Sós E, Jakab F, Bányai K. Structural similarity of human papillomavirus E4 and polyomaviral VP4 exhibited by genomic analysis of the common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) polyomavirus. Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:309-315. [PMID: 37688754 PMCID: PMC10810995 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10210-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Polyomaviruses are widely distributed viruses of birds that may induce developmental deformities and internal organ disorders primarily in nestlings. In this study, polyomavirus sequence was detected in kidney and liver samples of a common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) that succumbed at a rescue station in Hungary. The amplified 5025 nucleotide (nt) long genome contained the early (large and small T antigen, LTA and STA) and late (viral proteins, VP1, VP2, VP3) open reading frames (ORFs) typical for polyomaviruses. One of the additional putative ORFs (named VP4) showed identical localization with the VP4 and ORF-X of gammapolyomaviruses, but putative splicing sites could not be found in its sequence. Interestingly, the predicted 123 amino acid (aa) long protein sequence showed the highest similarity with human papillomavirus E4 early proteins in respect of the aa distribution and motif arrangement implying similar functions. The LTA of the kestrel polyomavirus shared <59.2% nt and aa pairwise identity with the LTA sequence of other polyomaviruses and formed a separated branch in the phylogenetic tree among gammapolyomaviruses. Accordingly, the kestrel polyomavirus may be the first member of a novel species within the Gammapolyomavirus genus, tentatively named Gammapolyomavirus faltin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enikő Fehér
- HUN-REN Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary.
- National Laboratory for Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, Budapest, Hungary.
- National Laboratory of Virology, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
| | - Eszter Kaszab
- HUN-REN Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Metagenomics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - János András Mótyán
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dóra Máté
- HUN-REN Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Bali
- HUN-REN Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Márton Hoitsy
- Conservation and Veterinary Services, Budapest Zoo and Botanical Garden, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Exotic Animal and Wildlife Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Endre Sós
- Conservation and Veterinary Services, Budapest Zoo and Botanical Garden, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Exotic Animal and Wildlife Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Jakab
- National Laboratory of Virology, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Bányai
- HUN-REN Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Persson E, Ó Cuív C, Nord A. Thermoregulatory consequences of growing up during a heatwave or a cold snap in Japanese quail. J Exp Biol 2024; 227:jeb246876. [PMID: 38073475 PMCID: PMC10906667 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.246876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Changes in environmental temperature during development can affect growth, metabolism and temperature tolerance of the offspring. We know little about whether such changes remain to adulthood, which is important to understand the links between climate change, development and fitness. We investigated whether phenotypic consequences of the thermal environment in early life remained in adulthood in two studies on Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). Birds were raised under simulated heatwave, cold snap or control conditions, from hatching until halfway through the growth period, and then in common garden conditions until reproductively mature. We measured biometric and thermoregulatory [metabolic heat production (MHP), evaporative water and heat loss (EWL, EHL) and body temperature] responses to variation in submaximal air temperature at the end of the thermal acclimation period and in adulthood. Warm birds had lower MHP than control birds at the end of the thermal acclimation period and, in the warmest temperature studied (40°C), also had higher evaporative cooling capacity compared with controls. No analogous responses were recorded in cold birds, although they had higher EWL than controls in all but the highest test temperature. None of the effects found at the end of the heatwave or cold snap period remained until adulthood. This implies that chicks exposed to higher temperatures could be more prepared to counter heat stress as juveniles but that they do not enjoy any advantages of such developmental conditions when facing high temperatures as adults. Conversely, cold temperature does not seem to confer any priming effects in adolescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elin Persson
- Lund University, Department of Biology, Section for Evolutionary Ecology, Sölvegatan 37, SE-223 63 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ciarán Ó Cuív
- Lund University, Department of Biology, Section for Evolutionary Ecology, Sölvegatan 37, SE-223 63 Lund, Sweden
| | - Andreas Nord
- Lund University, Department of Biology, Section for Evolutionary Ecology, Sölvegatan 37, SE-223 63 Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hope SF, Angelier F. Effects of the temperature during embryonic development on adult reproduction and the phenotype of the second generation in zebra finches. J Therm Biol 2024; 119:103787. [PMID: 38281314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Across taxa, the temperature experienced by individuals early in life can have large effects on their development. However, comparatively little is known about whether the effects of this thermal developmental environment can be long-lasting or transgenerational. In birds, one important aspect of the developmental environment is incubation and, in general, eggs incubated at low temperatures produce offspring with smaller morphology, suboptimal physiology, and even lower long-term survival. Yet, little is known about whether incubation temperature may affect avian reproduction in adulthood, and nothing is known about whether the effects of avian incubation temperature may be transgenerational. To investigate this, we incubated zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) eggs at two different temperatures: 37.5 °C ('control') and 36.3 °C ('low'), raised nestlings until adulthood, and allowed same-temperature treatment pairs to reproduce. We found that F1 individuals incubated at the low temperature had shorter beaks at the start of reproduction than those incubated at the control temperature. Further, compared to those from control parents, F2 offspring from parents incubated at the low temperature had lighter body masses at 5 days-old and had shorter beaks at 30 days-old. However, we found little evidence that incubation temperature affected other aspects of reproduction, with no effect on latency to lay, clutch size, egg mass, incubation period, hatching success/asynchrony, fledging, or the number of offspring that ultimately survived until independence. Overall, we found some evidence that a difference in the early thermal developmental environment can have lasting morphological effects into the next generation. However, future work is needed to determine whether the incubation temperature that birds experience as embryos may influence parental care behaviors or lifetime reproductive success.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sydney F Hope
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS - La Rochelle Université, UMR 7372, Villiers en Bois, 79360, France.
| | - Frédéric Angelier
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS - La Rochelle Université, UMR 7372, Villiers en Bois, 79360, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Poliserpi MB, Brodeur JC. Behavioral and physiological changes in the passerine Agelaioides badius following the ingestion of coated seeds with imidacloprid in a 30-day experiment. Sci Total Environ 2023; 905:167078. [PMID: 37717765 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The wide use of neonicotinoid seed treatment represents a hazard for farmland birds that feed on treated seeds. This study aimed to characterize the long-term effects of the neonicotinoid imidacloprid (IMI) in the passerine grayish baywing (Agelaioides badius). The birds were fed ad libitum for 32 days only with seeds treated with 53.1 (Low, 11 % of LD50) and 514 (High, (112 % of LD50) mg IMI/kg seed; these concentrations representing respectively, 1.8 and 17.1 % of 3 g IMI/kg, an average application rate used to treat crop seeds in Argentina. The effects exerted by IMI on birds were evaluated at behavioral, physiological, hematological, genotoxic, and biochemical levels. No differences in food consumption were observed between Control and Low treatments birds, indicating a lack of aversion to treated seeds. High treatment birds only decreased their food consumption by 20 % in the first 3 days of exposure. Birds from High treatment experienced an early loss of body weight, reduction in their mobility, lack of response to threats (i.e., predator call and approaching person), and altered their use of the cage. On the contrary, birds from Low treatment experienced a delay in the onset of effects like reduction in mobility, lack of response to threats, and a tendency to reduce their body weight. At the end of exposure, glutathione S transferase activity in the plasma of treated birds decreased, and cholinesterase activity increased in the liver of treated birds. This study highlights that consumption equivalent to 1.8 % of the daily diet of baywings as IMI-treated seeds, is sufficient to generate behavioral and physiological alterations and death. In the wild, these effects may have ecological consequences, by impairing the survival of birds, representing a risk to farmland bird populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Belen Poliserpi
- Instituto de Recursos Biológicos, Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales (CIRN), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), 1686 Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Julie Celine Brodeur
- Instituto de Recursos Biológicos, Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales (CIRN), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), 1686 Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kerric A, Mazerolle MJ, Sorais M, Giroux JF, Verreault J. Impact of landfill characteristics on the atmospheric exposure to halogenated flame retardants in gulls. Chemosphere 2023; 343:140207. [PMID: 37734507 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Large amounts of consumer products containing halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) are disposed of annually in landfills, which may lead to significant releases of these semi-volatile contaminants into the environment. During their foraging activities in landfills, gulls can be exposed to elevated levels of HFRs in air. Ring-billed gulls (Larus delawarensis) breeding in the densely populated Montreal area (QC, Canada) are significantly exposed to air levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in or in the vicinity of landfills. However, no information is currently available on the specific characteristics of these landfills that can modulate the atmospheric exposure of ring-billed gulls to HFRs. The objective of this study was to investigate how atmospheric exposure in ring-billed gulls to PBDEs and other HFRs is influenced by selected landfill characteristics (i.e., daily cover materials, waste types and tonnage). Miniature passive air samplers (PASs) combined with GPS dataloggers were deployed for ten days during six years on the back of wild-caught ring-billed gulls breeding in the Montreal area. Atmospheric levels of several PBDEs and other HFRs determined in PASs were found to increase with the presence probability of gulls in the two largest landfills using automotive shredder residues as daily cover material. Weather variables including relative humidity and wind speed had a weak influence on atmospheric levels of HFRs in the bird-borne PASs. Our results suggest that automotive shredder residues represent a significant emission source of HFRs into the air of landfills, thus influencing atmospheric exposure of gulls and other birds foraging in these sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Kerric
- Centre de recherche en toxicologie de l'environnement (TOXEN), Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Marc J Mazerolle
- Centre d'Étude de la Forêt (CEF), Département des sciences du bois et de la forêt, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Manon Sorais
- Centre de recherche en toxicologie de l'environnement (TOXEN), Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Jean-François Giroux
- Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Jonathan Verreault
- Centre de recherche en toxicologie de l'environnement (TOXEN), Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dong K, Li Y, Li D, Hu W, Xu G. Effects of environmental factors on avian communities in urban parks in small- to medium-sized city: a case study of Fuyang City, Anhui, China. Environ Monit Assess 2023; 195:1347. [PMID: 37857917 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11973-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
With a worldwide expansion of urbanization, the conservation of urban biodiversity is attracting growing attention; it is important to study the relationship between wildlife and urban green spaces. In this study, we selected 31 parks in the urban area of Fuyang City in the North China Plain. A total of 8795 individual birds from 69 species were recorded. The study found that (a) at the local level, tree diversity and heights are the most important factors contributing to each level of bird diversity, followed by the coverage of shrubs and herbs, and (b) at the landscape level, the proportion of woodland has a strong positive correlation with the multidimensional diversity of birds, followed by the patch diversity and percent of grassland. Our results showed that artificial greenland can effectively increase bird diversity. While considering urban planning and human well-being, the proportion of vegetation and landscape in urban parks should be properly planned, providing more habitats to enrich bird diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Dong
- Present address: College of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, 100 Qinghe West Road, Yingzhou District, Fuyang, 236037, Anhui, China
| | - Yongmin Li
- Present address: College of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, 100 Qinghe West Road, Yingzhou District, Fuyang, 236037, Anhui, China.
| | - Dongwei Li
- Present address: College of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, 100 Qinghe West Road, Yingzhou District, Fuyang, 236037, Anhui, China
| | - Wenfeng Hu
- College of History, Culture and Tourism, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, 236037, Anhui, China
| | - Gaoxiao Xu
- Present address: College of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, 100 Qinghe West Road, Yingzhou District, Fuyang, 236037, Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mizia PC, Rams-Pociecha I, Podmokła E, Piprek RP. Histological analysis of early gonadal development in three bird species reveals gonad asymmetry from the beginning of gonadal ridge formation and a similar course of sex differentiation. Ann Anat 2023; 250:152151. [PMID: 37574173 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2023.152151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
The developing gonads constitute a valuable model for studying developmental mechanisms because the testes and ovaries, while originating from the same primordia, undergo two different patterns of development. So far, gonadal development among birds has been described in detail in chickens, but literature on the earliest stages of gonadogenesis is scarce. This study presents changes in the structure of the gonads in three species of breeding birds (chicken, duck, and pigeon), starting from the first signs of gonadal ridge formation, that is, the thickenings of the coelomic epithelium. It appears that both gonads show asymmetry from the very beginning of gonadal ridge formation in both genetic sexes. The left gonadal ridge is thicker than the right one, and it is invaded by a higher number of primordial germ cells. Undifferentiated gonads, both left and right, consist of the primitive cortex and the medulla. The primitive cortex develops from the thickened coelomic epithelium, while the primitive medulla - by the aggregation of mesenchymal cells. This study also describes the process of sex differentiation of the testes and ovaries, which is initiated at the same embryonic stage in all three studied species. The first sign of gonadal sex differentiation is the decrease in the number of cortical germ cells and a reduction in cortical thickness in the differentiating testes. This is followed by an increase in the number of germ cells in the medulla. The cortical asymmetry and difference in size between the left and right testes diminishes during later development. However, the differentiating left ovary shows an increase in the number of cortical germ cells and cortical thickness. No regression is seen in the right ovary, although its development is slower. The right ovarian cortex undergoes testis-specific reduction, while the medulla undergoes ovary-specific development. The process of gonadogenesis is similar in the three studied species, with only slight differences in gonadal structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina C Mizia
- Department of Comparative Anatomy, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Izabela Rams-Pociecha
- Department of Comparative Anatomy, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Edyta Podmokła
- Department of Comparative Anatomy, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Rafal P Piprek
- Department of Comparative Anatomy, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Génard M, Lescourret F. Census of breeding birds in the Pyrenees in the early 1980s: A publicly available dataset for ecological research. Data Brief 2023; 50:109619. [PMID: 37823066 PMCID: PMC10562142 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2023.109619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The Pyrenees is a mountain range in south-western Europe that supports a rich diversity of bird species. In 1981, point count surveys of breeding birds (passerines and picidae) were carried out in the Vanera valley, a valley in the eastern Pyrenees, resulting in a data set of 228 counts. These data provide valuable information on the distribution and abundance of bird populations on 5350 ha of heterogeneous land (including cropland, grasslands, heaths and river banks, and pine forest) at altitudes ranging from 1100 to 2600 meters. Additional point count surveys were carried out in the pine forest from 1982 to 1985, resulting in a data set of 144 counts. Habitat descriptors (percentage of herbaceous and ligneous plant cover at different heights - 0-1m, 1-4m and more than 8m; vegetation type) and altitude were assessed around each point count. This dataset provides a complete picture of the breeding bird community in a typical valley of eastern Pyrenees in the early 1980s, which could be compared with future censuses to contribute to a variety of research questions, such as quantifying changes in birds between the early 1980s and now in mountain areas, understanding the effects of climate change on bird populations, examining the effects of habitat fragmentation and land-use change, and identifying priority areas for conservation and management. These data could inspire new research and contribute to our collective understanding of bird ecology in the Pyrenees.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Génard
- INRAE, PSH, 228 route de l'Aérodrome, 84914 Avignon, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mi JX, Liu KL, Ding WL, Zhang MH, Wang XF, Shaukat A, Rehman MU, Jiao XL, Huang SC. Comparative analysis of the gut microbiota of wild wintering whooper swans (Cygnus Cygnus), captive black swans (Cygnus Atratus), and mute swans (Cygnus Olor) in Sanmenxia Swan National Wetland Park of China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:93731-93743. [PMID: 37515622 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28876-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal microbiota, a complex ecosystem, is involved in the physiological activities of hosts and the development of diseases. Birds occupy a critical ecological niche in the ecosystem, performing a variety of ecological functions and possessing a complex gut microbiota composition. However, the gut microbiota of wild and captive birds has received less attention in the same region. We profiled the fecal gut microbiome of wild wintering whooper swans (Cygnus Cygnus; Cyg group, n = 25), captive black swans (Cygnus Atratus; Atr group, n = 20), and mute swans (Cygnus Olor; Olor group, n = 30) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing to reveal differences in the gut microbial ecology. The results revealed that the three species of swans differed significantly in terms of the alpha and beta diversity of their gut microbiota, as measured by ACE, Chao1, Simpson and Shannon indices, principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) and non-metricmulti-dimensional scaling (NMDS) respectively. Based on the results of the linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) and random forest analysis, we found that there were substantial differences in the relative abundance of Gottschalkia, Trichococcus, Enterococcus, and Kurthia among the three groups. Furthermore, an advantageous pattern of interactions between microorganisms was shown by the association network analysis. Among these, Gottschalkia had the higher area under curve (AUC), which was 0.939 (CI = 0.879-0.999), indicating that it might be used as a biomarker to distinguish between wild and captive black swans. Additionally, PICRUSt2 predictions indicated significant differences in gut microbiota functions between wild and captive trumpeter swans, with the gut microbiota functions of Cyg group focusing on carbohydrate metabolism, membrane transport, cofactor, and vitamin metabolism pathways, the Atr group on lipid metabolism, and the Olor group on cell motility, amino acid metabolism, and replication and repair pathways. These findings showed that the gut microbiota of wild and captive swans differed, which is beneficial to understand the gut microecology of swans and to improve regional wildlife conservation strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Xian Mi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Kai-Li Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, 450046, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wen-Li Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, 450046, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ming-Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, 450046, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xue-Fei Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Aftab Shaukat
- National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Mujeeb Ur Rehman
- Directorate Planning & Development, Livestock & Dairy Development Department, Quetta, Balochistan, 87500, Pakistan
| | - Xi-Lan Jiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, 450046, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shu-Cheng Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, 450046, Zhengzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kilmury AA, Anderson A, Wijesinghe DS, Verstraete AF, Ezeana W, Anderson AE, Brink KS. Microvertebrate faunal assemblages of the Favel Formation (late Cenomanian-middle Turonian) of Manitoba, Canada. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15493. [PMID: 37551349 PMCID: PMC10404398 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Microvertebrate assemblages of the Upper Cretaceous (late Cenomanian to mid-Turonian) Favel Formation of Manitoba are formally described for the first time. New vertebrate occurrences from the Favel Formation include the actinopterygians Caturidae indet., cf. Albulidae incertae sedis, Micropycnodon kansasensis, Pachyrhizodus minimus, Protosphyraena sp., Thryptodus loomisi, chondrichthyans Ischyrhiza cf. mira, I. texana, Ptychodus marginalis, P. occidentalis, and P. rhombodus, the avian cf. Ichthyornis sp., the reptile Testudines indet., and an unknown taxon referred to as Vertebrate A. Changes in faunal occurrences throughout the formation suggest an offshore open marine environment for the lower and middle horizons and nearshore marine for the upper horizon, represent ing mid- and late stages of the Greenhorn third-order marine cycle. This newly described diversity increases biogeographic affinities of the late Cenomanian to mid-Turonian vertebrate assemblages of Manitoba with central WIS localities in South Dakota and Kansas, providing additional support for a central vertebrate biogeographic subprovince during late Cenomanian to early Turonian times, as well as WIS localities further south in Texas decreasing the gradient of the north-south or central-south community boundary during early and mid-Turonian times.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron A. Kilmury
- Earth Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Aaron Anderson
- Earth Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | | | - William Ezeana
- Earth Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Kirstin S. Brink
- Earth Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Poliserpi MB, Noya Abad T, De Gerónimo E, Aparicio V, Brodeur JC. Behavioral and physiological response of the passerine bird Agelaioides badius to seeds coated with imidacloprid. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:80293-80310. [PMID: 37294486 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28074-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoids are globally used insecticides, and there are increasing evidence on their negative effects on birds. This study is aimed at characterizing the behavioral and physiological effects of the neonicotinoid imidacloprid (IMI) in a songbird. Adults of Agelaioides badius were exposed for 7 days to non-treated peeled millet and to peeled millet treated with nominal concentrations of 75 (IMI1) and 450 (IMI2) mg IMI/kg seed. On days 2 and 6 of the trial, the behavior of each bird was evaluated for 9 min by measuring the time spent on the floor, the perch, or the feeder. Daily millet consumption, initial and final body weight, and physiological, hematological, genotoxic, and biochemical parameters at the end of exposure were also measured. Activity was greatest on the floor, followed by the perch and the feeder. On the second day, birds exposed to IMI1and IMI2 remained mostly on the perch and the feeder, respectively. On the sixth day, a transition occurred to sectors of greater activity, consistent with the disappearance of the intoxication signs: birds from IMI1 and IMI2 increased their time on the floor and the perch, respectively. Control birds always remained most of the time on the floor. IMI2 birds significantly decreased their feed intake by 31% the first 3 days, compared to the other groups, and significantly decreased their body weight at the end of the exposure. From the set of hematological, genotoxic, and biochemical parameters, treated birds exhibited an alteration of glutathione-S-transferase activity (GST) in breast muscle; the minimal effects observed are probably related to the IMI administration regime. These results highlight that the consumption of less than 10% of the bird daily diet as IMI-treated seeds trigger effects at multiple levels that can impair bird survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Belen Poliserpi
- Instituto de Recursos Biológicos, Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales (CIRN), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Tatiana Noya Abad
- Departamento de Química Biológica, IQUIBICEN, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Ciencias Naturales, Ambientales y Antropológicas (CCNAA), Universidad Maimónides, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eduardo De Gerónimo
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce (EEA Balcarce), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Ruta Nacional 226, Km. 73,5, Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Virginia Aparicio
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce (EEA Balcarce), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Ruta Nacional 226, Km. 73,5, Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julie Celine Brodeur
- Instituto de Recursos Biológicos, Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales (CIRN), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hurley LL, Ton R, Rowe M, Buchanan KL, Griffith SC, Crino OL. Longitudinal covariation of testosterone and sperm quality across reproductive stages in the zebra finch. Horm Behav 2023; 153:105388. [PMID: 37276837 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2023.105388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Birds that breed opportunistically maintain partial activation of reproductive systems to rapidly exploit environmental conditions when they become suitable for breeding. Maintaining reproductive systems outside of a breeding context is costly. For males, these costs are thought to include continual exposure to testosterone. Males of seasonally breeding birds minimise these costs by downregulating testosterone production outside of a breeding context. Opportunistically breeding birds trade off the need to rapidly initiate reproduction with the costs of elevated testosterone production. One way opportunistically breeding males could minimise these costs is through fine scale changes in testosterone production across discrete reproductive stages which have a greater or lesser requirement for active sperm production. Although spermatogenesis broadly depends on testosterone production, whether changes in testosterone levels across the reproductive stages affect sperm quality and production is unknown. Here, we measured testosterone, sperm quality, and body condition in male zebra finches at discrete stages within reproductive bouts (egg laying, incubation, nestling provisioning, and fledging) and across two consecutive reproductive events in captive male zebra finches (Taeniopygia castanotis). We also examined associations between male testosterone, sperm quality/production, body condition, and nestling body condition. We found that testosterone levels varied across discrete reproductive stages with the lowest levels during incubation and the highest following chick fledging. Testosterone levels were positively associated with sperm velocity and the proportion of motile sperm but were not associated with male body condition. We found no associations between paternal body condition, testosterone levels, or sperm traits with nestling body condition (a proxy for the reproductive quality of a male and his partner). This study is the first to show that opportunistically breeding males vary testosterone synthesis and sperm traits at discrete stages within a reproductive event.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura L Hurley
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Riccardo Ton
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Melissah Rowe
- Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), 6700 AB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Katherine L Buchanan
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Simon C Griffith
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Ondi L Crino
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia; Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia; College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Amit B, Klok WR, Van Der Meer PJ, Khairuddin NSK, Yaman IC, Khoon KL. The Effects of Peat Swamp Forest Patches and Riparian Areas within Large Scale Oil Palm Plantations on Bird Species Richness. Trop Life Sci Res 2023; 34:131-160. [PMID: 38144373 PMCID: PMC10735258 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2023.34.2.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well established that oil palm is one of the most efficient and productive oil crops. However, oil palm agriculture is also one of the threats to tropical biodiversity. This study aims to investigate how set-aside areas in an oil palm plantation affect bird biodiversity. The research area includes two set-asides areas: peat swamp forest and riparian reserves and two oil palm sites adjacent to reserved forest sites. A total of 3,074 birds comprising 100 species from 34 families were observed in an oil palm plantation landscape on peatland located in the northern part of Borneo, Sarawak, Malaysia. Results showed that efforts by set-asides forest areas in large scale of oil palm dominated landscapes supported distinct bird species richness. High percentage of the canopies and shrub covers had a positive effect on bird species richness at area between oil palm and peat swamp forest. Herbaceous cover with height less than 1 m influenced the abundance of birds in the plantation closed to the peat swamp forest. The set-aside areas in oil palm plantations are essential in supporting bird's refuges and should be part of oil palm landscape management to improve biodiversity conservation. Thus, provided the forest set-aside areas are large enough and risks to biodiversity and habitat are successfully managed, oil palm can play an important role in biodiversity conservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wauter Ralph Klok
- Van Hall Larenstein University of Applied Sciences, Larensteinselaan 26-A, 6882 CT Velp, Gelderland, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J. Van Der Meer
- Van Hall Larenstein University of Applied Sciences, Larensteinselaan 26-A, 6882 CT Velp, Gelderland, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ivan Chiron Yaman
- Sarawak Oil Palms Berhad, 124–126, Jalan Bendahara, 98000 Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Kho Lip Khoon
- Malaysian Palm Oil Board, No. 6, Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Economic Planning Unit Sarawak, Chief Minister’s Department, 93502 Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Harvey C, de Croon G, Taylor GK, Bomphrey RJ. Lessons from natural flight for aviation: then, now and tomorrow. J Exp Biol 2023; 226:307084. [PMID: 37066792 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.245409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Powered flight was once a capability limited only to animals, but by identifying useful attributes of animal flight and building on these with technological advances, engineers have pushed the frontiers of flight beyond our predecessors' wildest imaginations. Yet, there remain many key characteristics of biological flight that elude current aircraft design, motivating a careful re-analysis of what we have learned from animals already, and how this has been revealed experimentally, as well as a specific focus on identifying what remains unknown. Here, we review the literature to identify key contributions that began in biology and have since been translated into aeronautical devices or capabilities. We identify central areas for future research and highlight the importance of maintaining an open line of two-way communication between biologists and engineers. Such interdisciplinary, bio-informed analyses continue to push forward the frontiers of aeronautics and experimental biology alike.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Harvey
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Guido de Croon
- Micro Air Vehicle Laboratory, Control and Simulation, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2629 HS Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Graham K Taylor
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SZ, UK
| | - Richard J Bomphrey
- Structure and Motion Laboratory, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Rabbetts M, Fahrig L, Mitchell GW, Hannah KC, Collins SJ, Wilson S. Direct and indirect effects of agricultural land cover on avian biodiversity in eastern Canada. Biodivers Conserv 2023; 32:1403-1421. [PMID: 36992920 PMCID: PMC10039827 DOI: 10.1007/s10531-023-02559-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Agriculture is one of the largest threats to global biodiversity. However, most studies have focused only on the direct effects of agriculture on biodiversity, and few have addressed the indirect effects, potentially over or under-estimating the overall impacts of agriculture on biodiversity. The indirect effect is the response not to the agricultural cover types or operations per se, but instead, to the way that agriculture influences the extent and configuration of different types of natural land cover in the landscape. We used structural equation modelling (SEM) to evaluate the direct, indirect, and total effects of agriculture on species richness of three bird guilds: forest birds, shrub-edge birds, and open country birds. We found that forest bird richness was driven by the negative indirect effect of cropland via forest loss. Shrub-edge and open country bird richness increased with the amount of agriculture land covers; however, importantly, we found negative indirect effects of agriculture on both guilds via a reduction in more natural land covers. This latter result highlights how we would have over-estimated the positive effects of agriculture on shrub-edge and open country bird richness had we not measured both direct and indirect effects (i.e., the total effect size is less than the direct effect size). Overall, our results suggest that a bird-friendly agricultural landscape in our region would have forest that is configured to maximize forest edge, and a high proportion of perennial forage within the agricultural portion of the landscape. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10531-023-02559-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lenore Fahrig
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Greg W. Mitchell
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
- Wildlife Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - Kevin C. Hannah
- Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | | | - Scott Wilson
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
- Wildlife Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Delta, BC Canada
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kerric A, Mazerolle MJ, Giroux JF, Verreault J. Halogenated flame retardant exposure pathways in urban-adapted gulls: Are atmospheric routes underestimated? Sci Total Environ 2023; 860:160526. [PMID: 36471522 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Urban-adapted gulls can be exposed to flame retardants while foraging in landfills where elevated concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and other halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) have frequently been measured in air. However, the contribution of atmospheric exposure has largely been overlooked compared to dietary exposure in birds and other wildlife. The overall objective of this study was to investigate the contribution of atmospheric exposure pathways relative to diet for PBDEs and other HFRs in ring-billed gulls (Larus delawarensis) nesting in the densely populated Montreal area (QC, Canada). Miniature passive air samplers (PASs) were deployed on the back of wild-caught ring-billed gulls for ten days. Concentrations of PBDEs and other HFRs were determined in PASs carried by ring-billed gulls as well as their lungs, stomach content, liver, preen oil, and onto the surface of their feathers. We evaluated the atmospheric and dietary exposure routes for the most abundant HFRs in samples using a structural equation model implemented in a Bayesian framework. Results indicated that lung concentrations of BDE-28 increased with its levels in air determined using bird-borne PASs. No association was found between BDE-28 concentrations in lungs and liver, whereas BDE-209 concentrations in liver increased with those in lungs. Moreover, BDE-28 and -47 concentrations in liver increased with those on feather surface, while liver BDE-47 concentrations were also positively related with those in stomach content. These findings suggested that, in addition to dietary exposure, atmospheric exposure pathways through inhalation and co-ingestion during feather maintenance (preening) significantly contribute to the accumulation of PBDEs in liver of ring-billed gulls. Atmospheric exposure to HFRs should therefore be considered in future landfill-foraging wildlife species as a potential exposure route compared to the traditional dietary exposure pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Kerric
- Centre de recherche en toxicologie de l'environnement (TOXEN), Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Marc J Mazerolle
- Centre d'Étude de la Forêt (CEF), Département des sciences du bois et de la forêt, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Jean-François Giroux
- Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Jonathan Verreault
- Centre de recherche en toxicologie de l'environnement (TOXEN), Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sarmiento-Vizcaíno A, García LA, Blanco G. Streptomyces isolated from bird feathers as a potential source for novel antibiotics. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:81. [PMID: 36738340 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03422-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Streptomyces, the main source of antibiotics essential for human health, are widely distributed in nature among terrestrial, oceanic and atmospheric environments. New trends in antibiotic discovery are focused in the search for novel bioactive strains in unexplored habitats. We provide here evidence of the presence of diverse Streptomyces populations in wild bird feathers, such as the seagull, Larus michahellis, collected at Northern Spain; the sparrow, Passer domesticus, and the hoopoe, Upupa epops, both collected in Southern Spain. Taxonomic identification of fourteen bioactive strains, by sequencing their 16S rRNA gene and phylogenetic analyses, revealed that all of them are homologous to a total of 10 different Streptomyces. Strains from seagull samples are homologous to other antibiotic producers previously isolated from atmospheric, marine and terrestrial environments in the Cantabrian Sea region, Northern Spain. Isolates form Southern feather samples, from a house sparrow and a Eurasian hoopoe, are homologues to Streptomyces strains previously isolated mainly from soils along the Mediterranean region. The most relevant feature is that they are producers of diverse antibiotics with activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. We report here the successful activation of silent antibiotic biosynthetic pathways in response to changes in environmental conditions, such as incubation temperature and salinity of the culture medium, in agreement with the OSMAC approach, One Strain Many Compounds. The finding of bioactive Streptomyces in bird's plumage might be of relevance, not only in the ecology of Streptomyces-birds associations, but also in medicine and biotechnology since they can be regarded as a potential source for novel antibiotics.
Collapse
|
22
|
Swaddle JP, Brewster B, Schuyler M, Su A. Window films increase avoidance of collisions by birds but only when applied to external compared with internal surfaces of windows. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14676. [PMID: 36751632 PMCID: PMC9899435 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Window collisions are one of the largest human-caused causes of avian mortality in built environments and, therefore, cause population declines that can be a significant conservation issue. Applications of visibly noticeable films, patterns, and decals on the external surfaces of windows have been associated with reductions in both window collisions and avian mortality. It is often logistically difficult and economically prohibitive to apply these films and decals to external surfaces, especially if the windows are above the first floor of a building. Therefore, there is interest and incentive to apply the products to internal surfaces that are much easier to reach and maintain. However, there is debate as to whether application to the internal surface of windows renders any collision-reduction benefit, as the patterns on the films and decals may not be sufficiently visible to birds. To address this knowledge gap, we performed the first experimental study to compare the effectiveness of two distinct window films when applied to either the internal or external surface of double-glazed windows. Specifically, we assessed whether Haverkamp and BirdShades window film products were effective in promoting the avoidance of window collisions (and by inference, a reduction of collisions) by zebra finches through controlled aviary flight trials employing a repeated-measures design that allowed us to isolate the effect of the window treatments on avoidance flight behaviors. We chose these two products because they engage with different wavelengths of light (and by inference, colors) visible to many songbirds: the BirdShades film is visible in the ultraviolet (shorter wavelength) range, while the Haverkamp film includes signals in the orange (longer wavelength) range. We found consistent evidence that, when applied to the external surface of windows, the BirdShades product resulted in reduced likelihood of collision and there was marginal evidence of this effect with the Haverkamp film. Specifically, in our collision avoidance trials, BirdShades increased window avoidance by 47% and the Haverkamp increased avoidance by 39%. However, neither product was effective when the films were applied to the internal surface of windows. Hence, it is imperative that installers apply these products to exterior surfaces of windows to render their protective benefits and reduce the risk of daytime window collision.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John P. Swaddle
- Institute for Integrative Conservation, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, United States of America
| | - Blythe Brewster
- Institute for Integrative Conservation, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, United States of America
| | - Maddie Schuyler
- Institute for Integrative Conservation, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, United States of America
| | - Anjie Su
- Institute for Integrative Conservation, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zuluaga JD, Danner RM. Acute stress and restricted diet reduce bill-mediated heat dissipation in the song sparrow (Melospiza melodia): implications for optimal thermoregulation. J Exp Biol 2023; 226:286688. [PMID: 36651227 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.245316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We used thermal imaging to show that two environmental factors - acute stress and diet - influence thermoregulatory performance of a known thermal window, the avian bill. The bill plays important roles in thermoregulation and water balance. Given that heat loss through the bill is adjustable through vasoconstriction and vasodilation, and acute stress can cause vasoconstriction in peripheral body surfaces, we hypothesized that stress may influence the bill's role as a thermal window. We further hypothesized that diet influences heat dissipation from the bill, given that body condition influences the surface temperature of another body region (the eye region). We measured the surface temperature of the bills of song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) before, during and after handling by an observer at 37°C ambient temperature. We fed five birds a restricted diet intended to maintain body mass typical of wild birds, and we fed six birds an unrestricted diet for 5 months prior to experiments. Acute stress caused a decrease in the surface temperature of the bill, resulting in a 32.4% decrease in heat dissipation immediately following acute stress, before recovering over approximately 2.3 min. The initial reduction and subsequent recovery provide partial support for the hemoprotective and thermoprotective hypotheses, which predict a reduction or increase in peripheral blood flow, respectively. Birds with unrestricted diets had larger bills and dissipated more heat, indicating that diet and body condition influence bill-mediated heat dissipation and thermoregulation. These results indicate that stress-induced vascular changes and diet can influence mechanisms of heat loss and potentially inhibit optimal thermoregulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan D Zuluaga
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403-5915, USA
| | - Raymond M Danner
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403-5915, USA.,Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, D.C. 20008, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Iverson AR, Humple DL, Cormier RL, Hull J. Land cover and NDVI are important predictors in habitat selection along migration for the Golden-crowned Sparrow, a temperate-zone migrating song bird. Mov Ecol 2023; 11:2. [PMID: 36639697 PMCID: PMC9837890 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-022-00353-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migrating passerines in North America have shown sharp declines. Understanding habitat selection and threats along migration paths are critical research needs, but details about migrations have been limited due to the difficulty of tracking small birds. Recent technological advances of tiny GPS-tags provide new opportunities to delineate fine-scale movements in small passerines during a life stage that has previously been inherently difficult to study. METHODS We investigated habitat selection along migration routes for a temperate-zone migratory passerine, the Golden-crowned Sparrow (Zonotrichia atricapilla), given GPS tags on California wintering grounds. We used a resource selection function combined with conditional logistic regression to compare matched sets of known stopover locations and available but unused locations to determine how land cover class, vegetation greenness and climate variables influence habitat selection during migration. We also provide general migration descriptions for this understudied species including migration distance, duration, and elevation, and repeated use of stopover areas. RESULTS We acquired 22 tracks across 19 individuals, with a total of 541 valid spring and fall migration locations. Birds traveled to breeding grounds in Alaska and British Columbia along coastal routes, selecting for shrubland and higher vegetation greenness in both migration seasons as well as grasslands during fall migration. However, model interactions showed they selected sites with lower levels of greenness when in forest (both seasons) and shrubland (fall only), which may reflect their preference for more open habitats or represent a trade-off in selection between habitat type and productivity. Birds also selected for locations with higher daily maximum temperature during spring migration. Routes during spring migration were lower in elevation on average, shorter in duration, and had fewer long stopovers than in fall migration. For two birds, we found repeated use of the same stopover areas in spring and fall migration. CONCLUSIONS Using miniaturized GPS, this study provides new insight into habitat selection along migration routes for a common temperate-zone migrating songbird, contributing to a better understanding of full annual cycle models, and informing conservation efforts. Golden-crowned Sparrows selected for specific habitats along migration routes, and we found previously unknown behaviors such as repeated use of the same stopover areas by individuals across different migratory seasons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Autumn R Iverson
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Diana L Humple
- Point Blue Conservation Science, 3820 Cypress Drive #11, Petaluma, CA, 94954, USA
| | - Renée L Cormier
- Point Blue Conservation Science, 3820 Cypress Drive #11, Petaluma, CA, 94954, USA
| | - Josh Hull
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lépine M, Verreault J. Biotransformation of Dec-604 and potential effect on thyroid deiodinase activity in highly flame retardant-exposed gulls. Environ Res 2022; 215:114268. [PMID: 36075477 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Several halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) have been identified as thyroid disruptors in birds including the polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) mixtures, which have been replaced with other HFRs such as Dechlorane-604 (Dec-604). Dec-604 Component B (Dec-604 CB), a putative debrominated product of Dec-604, has been frequently reported in urban-adapted ring-billed gulls (Larus delawarensis) breeding in the Montreal area (QC, Canada). The metabolic pathways of Dec-604 are yet to be characterized, although the occurrence of Dec-604 CB in gulls may suggest that enzyme-mediated dehalogenation may occur, potentially involving the thyroid deiodinases. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of Dec-604 on type 1 deiodinase (DIO1) in the presence of thyroxine (T4) in an in vitro DIO1 assay using liver microsomes of ring-billed gulls that are highly exposed to HFRs in the Montreal area, and to determine whether DIO1 is involved in the in vitro debromination of Dec-604. We tested the in vitro activity of DIO1 in gull liver microsomes in the presence of five concentrations of Dec-604 ranging from 0.86 to 86.21 nM. HFR concentrations (Σ40HFR) were also determined in liver samples of gulls. Results showed that total DIO1 activity in gull liver microsomes was increased by three of the five concentrations of Dec-604. No relationship between liver Σ40HFR concentrations and DIO1 activity was observed, except for T2 formation rates that significantly decreased with increasing liver HFR concentrations. Moreover, greater Dec-604 CB to Dec-604 concentration ratios in activated gull microsomes (with the DIO1 cofactor dithiothreitol) were found at the intermediate Dec-604 concentration compared to controls. These results suggested that liver microsome DIO1 activity may be perturbed in ring-billed gulls exposed to Dec-604, and be involved at least in part, in the debromination of Dec-604 leading to the formation of Dec-604 CB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Lépine
- Centre de recherche en toxicologie de l'environnement (TOXEN), Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Jonathan Verreault
- Centre de recherche en toxicologie de l'environnement (TOXEN), Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sharma A, Tripathi V, Kumar V. Control and adaptability of seasonal changes in behavior and physiology of latitudinal avian migrants: Insights from laboratory studies in Palearctic-Indian migratory buntings. J Exp Zool A Ecol Integr Physiol 2022; 337:902-918. [PMID: 35677956 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Twice-a-year migrations, one in autumn and the other in spring, occur within a discrete time window with striking alterations in the behavior and physiology, as regulated by the interaction of endogenous rhythms with prevailing photoperiod. These seasonal voyages are not isolated events; rather, they are part of an overall annual itinerary and remain closely coupled to the other annual subcycles, called seasonal life history states (LHSs). The success of migration depends on appropriate timing of the initiation and termination of each LHS, for example, reproduction, molt, summer nonmigratory, preautumn migratory (fattening and weight gain), autumn migratory, winter nonmigratory (wnM), prevernal (spring) migratory (fattening and weight gain), and spring migratory LHSs. Migration-linked photoperiod-induced changes include the body fattening and weight gain, nocturnal Zugunruhe (migratory restlessness), elevated triglycerides and free fatty acids, triiodothyronine and corticosterone levels. Hypothalamic expression of the thyroid hormone-responsive dio2 and dio3, light-responsive per2, cry1, and adcyap1 and th (tyrosine hydroxylase, involved in dopamine biosynthesis) genes also show significant changes with transition from wnM to the vernal migratory LHS. Concurrent changes in the expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism and its transport also occur in the liver and flight muscles, respectively. Interestingly, there are clear differences in the behavioral and physiological phenotypes, and associated molecular changes, between the autumn and vernal migrations. In this review, we discuss seasonal changes in the behavior and physiology, and present molecular insights into the development of migratory phenotypes in latitudinal avian migrants, with special reference to Palearctic-Indian migratory buntings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aakansha Sharma
- Department of Zoology, IndoUS Center in Chronobiology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Vatsala Tripathi
- Department of Zoology, Dyal Singh College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Zoology, IndoUS Center in Chronobiology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
West AG, Digby A, Lear G, Taylor MW, Bromley M, Buckley E, Chatterton J, Cox MP, Cramer RA, Crane J, Dearden PK, Eason D, Fisher MC, Gago S, Gartrell B, Gemmell NJ, Glare TR, Guhlin J, Howard J, Lacap-Bugler D, Le Lec M, Lin XX, Lofgren L, Mackay J, Meis J, Morelli KA, Perrott J, Petterson M, Quinones-Mateu M, Rhodes J, Roberts J, Stajich J, Taylor MW, Tebbutt SJ, Truter-Meyer A, Uddstrom L, Urban L, van Rhijn N, Vercoe D, Vesely E, Weir BS, West AG, Winter DJ, Yeung J, Taylor MW. Influence of management practice on the microbiota of a critically endangered species: a longitudinal study of kākāpō chick faeces and associated nest litter. Anim Microbiome 2022; 4:55. [PMID: 36175950 PMCID: PMC9523977 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-022-00204-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The critically endangered kākāpō is a flightless, nocturnal parrot endemic to Aotearoa New Zealand. Recent efforts to describe the gastrointestinal microbial community of this threatened herbivore revealed a low-diversity microbiota that is often dominated by Escherichia-Shigella bacteria. Given the importance of associated microbial communities to animal health, and increasing appreciation of their potential relevance to threatened species conservation, we sought to better understand the development of this unusual gut microbiota profile. To this end, we conducted a longitudinal analysis of faecal material collected from kākāpō chicks during the 2019 breeding season, in addition to associated nest litter material. RESULTS Using an experimental approach rarely seen in studies of threatened species microbiota, we evaluated the impact of a regular conservation practice on the developing kākāpō microbiota, namely the removal of faecal material from nests. Artificially removing chick faeces from nests had negligible impact on bacterial community diversity for either chicks or nests (p > 0.05). However, the gut microbiota did change significantly over time as chick age increased (p < 0.01), with an increasing relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella coli over the study period and similar observations for the associated nest litter microbiota (p < 0.01). Supplementary feeding substantially altered gut bacterial diversity of kākāpō chicks (p < 0.01), characterised by a significant increase in Lactobacillus bacteria. CONCLUSIONS Overall, chick age and hand rearing conditions had the most marked impact on faecal bacterial communities. Similarly, the surrounding nest litter microbiota changed significantly over time since a kākāpō chick was first placed in the nest, though we found no evidence that removal of faecal material influenced the bacterial communities of either litter or faecal samples. Taken together, these observations will inform ongoing conservation and management of this most enigmatic of bird species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annie G. West
- grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142 New Zealand
| | - Andrew Digby
- Department of Conservation, Kākāpō Recovery Team, PO Box 743, Invercargill, New Zealand
| | - Gavin Lear
- grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142 New Zealand
| | - Kākāpō Recovery Team
- Department of Conservation, Kākāpō Recovery Team, PO Box 743, Invercargill, New Zealand
| | | | - Michael W. Taylor
- grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142 New Zealand
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Malvandi H, Shamabadi MH. Use of Feathers from Birds that Collided with Vehicles to Monitor Heavy Metal Contamination in Western Khorasan Razavi, Iran. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2022; 109:495-501. [PMID: 35739314 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03541-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, lead, zinc and copper concentrations in the feathers of Common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus), Eurasian magpie (Pica pica), Common buzzard (Buteo buteo), Crested lark (Galerida cristata), Eurasian hoopoe (Upupa epops), Little owl (Athene noctua), Long-eared owl (Asio otus), Eurasian eagle-owl (Bubo bubo) and Long-legged buzzard (Buteo rufinus) from Sabzevar and Neghab, Khorasan Razavi of Iran were measured. Almost all of the specimens were obtained from birds that had collided with vehicles or were unable to fly. There were no significant differences in metal concentrations between adult and juvenile, diurnal and nocturnal raptors and species with different diets. Elemental concentrations were lower than toxicity threshold values, so exposure to these elements does not appear to pose a health risk to the studied species. It should be noted that this study was the first study of metals in Galerida cristata, Asio otus and Buteo rufinus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Malvandi
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, 379 post box, Sabzevar, 9617916487, Khorasan Razavi, Iran.
- Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 319, Sabzevar, Khorasan Razavi, Iran.
- Founding Member of the NGO, Hakim Institute for Wildlife Cooperation, Research and Rehabilitation, Sabzevar, Khorasan Razavi, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hossein Shamabadi
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, 379 post box, Sabzevar, 9617916487, Khorasan Razavi, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Li Y, Liu Y, Yu H, Liu F, Han W, Zeng Q, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Hu J, Bao Z, Wang S. Adaptive Bird-like Genome Miniaturization During the Evolution of Scallop Swimming Lifestyle. Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics 2022; 20:1066-1077. [PMID: 35905893 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Genome miniaturization drives key evolutionary innovations of adaptive traits in vertebrates, such as the flight evolution of birds. However, whether similar evolutionary processes exist in invertebrates remains poorly understood. Derived from the second-largest animal phylum, scallops are a special group of bivalve molluscs and acquire the evolutionary novelty of the swimming lifestyle, providing excellent models for investigating the coordinated genome and lifestyle evolution. Here, we show for the first time that genome sizes of scallops exhibit a generally negative correlation with locomotion activity. To elucidate the co-evolution of genome size and swimming lifestyle, we focus on the Asian moon scallop (Amusium pleuronectes) that possesses the smallest known scallop genome while being among scallops with the highest swimming activity. Whole-genome sequencing of A. pleuronectes reveals highly conserved chromosomal macrosynteny and microsynteny, suggestive of a highly contracted but not degenerated genome. Genome reduction of A. pleuronectes is facilitated by significant inactivation of transposable elements, leading to reduced gene length, elevated expression of genes involved in energy-producing pathways, and decreased copy numbers and expression levels of biomineralization-related genes. Similar evolutionary changes of relevant pathways are also observed for bird genome reduction with flight evolution. The striking mimicry of genome miniaturization underlying the evolution of bird flight and scallop swimming unveils the potentially common, pivotal role of genome size fluctuation in the evolution of novel lifestyles in the animal kingdom.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuli Li
- Sars-Fang Centre & MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yaran Liu
- Sars-Fang Centre & MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hongwei Yu
- Sars-Fang Centre & MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Fuyun Liu
- Sars-Fang Centre & MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Wentao Han
- Sars-Fang Centre & MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Qifan Zeng
- Sars-Fang Centre & MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Yuehuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Sars-Fang Centre & MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jingjie Hu
- Sars-Fang Centre & MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Zhenmin Bao
- Sars-Fang Centre & MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Shi Wang
- Sars-Fang Centre & MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Basile AJ, Singh KC, Watson DF, Sweazea KL. Effect of macronutrient and micronutrient manipulation on avian blood glucose concentration: A systematic review. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2022; 272:111279. [PMID: 35902002 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.111279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Animals with natural protections against diabetes complications may provide clues to improve human health. Birds are unique in their ability to avoid hyperglycemia-associated complications (e.g., glycation and oxidative stress) despite having naturally high blood glucose (BG) concentrations. This makes them useful models to elucidate strategies to prevent and/or treat diabetes-related complications in mammals. As diet plays a key role in BG concentration and diabetes risk, this systematic review aimed to summarize the effects of macro and micronutrient manipulation on avian BG. Three databases were searched (PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science) for articles that met inclusion criteria: altered at least one nutrient and measured BG in at least one avian species. The search yielded 91 articles that produced 128 datasets (i.e., one nutrient manipulation in one sample). Across all macronutrient manipulations (n = 69 datasets), 62% reported no change in BG and 23% measured an increase (p < 0.001). Within the macronutrient groups (carbohydrate, lipid, protein, and mixed) most datasets showed no change in BG (67%, 62%, 52%, and 86%, respectively). Across micronutrient manipulations (n = 59 datasets), 51% demonstrated no change and 41% decreased BG (p < 0.001). While manipulations that altered vitamin intake largely produced no change in BG (62%), 48% of datasets examining altered mineral intake found no change and 46% decreased BG. Chromium was the most studied micronutrient (n = 24 datasets), where 67% of datasets reported a decrease in BG. These results suggest birds are largely able to maintain blood glucose homeostasis in response to altered nutrient intake indicative of dietary flexibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Basile
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, 427 E. Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, 427 E. Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
| | - Kavita C Singh
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, 427 E. Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
| | - Deborah F Watson
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, 550 N. 3(rd) St, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Karen L Sweazea
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, 427 E. Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, 550 N. 3(rd) St, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Sweazea KL. Revisiting glucose regulation in birds - A negative model of diabetes complications. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 262:110778. [PMID: 35817273 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2022.110778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Birds naturally have blood glucose concentrations that are nearly double levels measured for mammals of similar body size and studies have shown that birds are resistant to insulin-mediated glucose uptake into tissues. While a combination of high blood glucose and insulin resistance is associated with diabetes-related pathologies in mammals, birds do not develop such complications. Moreover, studies have shown that birds are resistant to oxidative stress and protein glycation and in fact, live longer than similar-sized mammals. This review seeks to explore how birds regulate blood glucose as well as various theories that might explain their apparent resistance to insulin-mediated glucose uptake and adaptations that enable them to thrive in a state of relative hyperglycemia.
Collapse
|
32
|
Manceau A. Comment on "New insights into the biomineralization of mercury selenide nanoparticles through stable isotope analysis in giant petrel tissues". J Hazard Mater 2022; 431:128583. [PMID: 35278961 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Some birds and cetaceans can demethylate the toxic methylmercury cysteinate (MeHgCys) complex into inert mercury sulfide (HgSe) through the formation of an intermediate tetrahedral selenolate complex with selenocysteine (Sec) residues (Hg(Sec)4). The nucleation of the HgSe biominerals involves the substitution of the Se ligand for the Sec residues, which is considered to occur in the form of multinuclear Hgx(Se,Sec)y clusters mediated by proteins. Queipo-Abad et al. (2022) isolated HgSe nanoparticles from the biological tissues of giant petrels and measured the mass-dependent fractionation of the 202Hg isotope (δ202Hg). They concluded that the δ202Hg values of the HgSe nanoparticles from each tissue of individual petrels are specific to the HgSe species alone and that the Hg(Sec)4 → HgSe reaction occurs without fractionation of the 202Hg isotope. We show (1) that the HgSe nanoparticles are likely mixtures of MeHgCys, Hg(Sec)4, and HgSe, and therefore that the δ202Hg values are not species-specific, and (2) that the 202Hg isotope is actually fractionated during the Hg(Sec)4 → HgSe reaction, and therefore that this isotope can be used to trace the Hg metabolic pathways between tissues in a single individual and in different animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alain Manceau
- Université Grenoble Alpes, ISTerre, CNRS, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abramochkin DV, Filatova TS, Pustovit KB, Voronina YA, Kuzmin VS, Vornanen M. Ionic currents underlying different patterns of electrical activity in working cardiac myocytes of mammals and non-mammalian vertebrates. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2022; 268:111204. [PMID: 35346823 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.111204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The orderly contraction of the vertebrate heart is determined by generation and propagation of cardiac action potentials (APs). APs are generated by the integrated activity of time- and voltage-dependent ionic channels which carry inward Na+ and Ca2+ currents, and outward K+ currents. This review compares atrial and ventricular APs and underlying ion currents between different taxa of vertebrates. We have collected literature data and attempted to find common electrophysiological features for two or more vertebrate groups, show differences between taxa and cardiac chambers, and indicate gaps in the existing data. Although electrical excitability of the heart in all vertebrates is based on the same superfamily of channels, there is a vast variability of AP waveforms between atrial and ventricular myocytes, between different species of the same vertebrate class and between endothermic and ectothermic animals. The wide variability of AP shapes is related to species-specific differences in animal size, heart rate, stage of ontogenetic development, excitation-contraction coupling, temperature and oxygen availability. Some of the differences between taxa are related to evolutionary development of genomes, which appear e.g. in the expression of different Na+ and K+ channel orthologues in cardiomyocytes of vertebrates. There is a wonderful variability of AP shapes and underlying ion currents with which electrical excitability of vertebrate heart can be generated depending on the intrinsic and extrinsic conditions of animal body. This multitude of ionic mechanisms provides excellent material for studying how the function of the vertebrate heart can adapt or acclimate to prevailing physiological and environmental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denis V Abramochkin
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye gory, 1, 12, Moscow 119234, Russia.
| | - Tatiana S Filatova
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye gory, 1, 12, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Ksenia B Pustovit
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye gory, 1, 12, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Yana A Voronina
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye gory, 1, 12, Moscow 119234, Russia; Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology, National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, 3(rd) Cherepkovskaya str., 15A, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladislav S Kuzmin
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye gory, 1, 12, Moscow 119234, Russia; Department of Physiology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovityanova str., 1, Moscow, Russia
| | - Matti Vornanen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Oguchi Y, Rolle M, Mai D, Tsai-Brown C, Rott KH, Caviedes-Vidal E, Karasov WH. Macronutrient signals for adaptive modulation of intestinal digestive enzymes in two omnivorous Galliformes. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2022; 271:111243. [PMID: 35609804 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.111243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
According to the adaptive modulation hypothesis, digestive enzyme activities are matched to their respective dietary substrate level so that ingested nutrients are not wasted in excreta due to insufficient digestive capacity, and so membrane space or expenditures building/maintaining the intestinal hydrolytic machinery are not wasted when substrate levels are low. We tested predictions in juvenile northern bobwhites (Colinus virginianus) and juvenile and adult domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) by feeding them on diets varying in starch, protein, and lipid composition for 7-9 d (bobwhites) or 15 d (chickens). Birds were euthanized, intestinal tissue harvested, and enzyme activities measured in tissue homogenates from proximal, medial and distal small intestine. We found that (1) α-glucosidase (AG; maltase and sucrase) activities were induced by dietary starch in both juvenile and adult chickens but not in northern bobwhites; (2) aminopeptidase-N (APN) activities were induced by dietary protein in both bobwhites and juvenile but not adult chickens; (3) AG activities were suppressed by an increase in dietary lipid in both bobwhites and juvenile but not adult chickens; and (4) APN activities were not suppressed by high dietary lipid in any birds. We review findings from 35 analogous trials in 16 avian species. 100% of avian omnivores modulate at least one enzyme in response to change in dietary substrate level. AG induction by dietary carbohydrate occurs in more members of Galloanserae than in Neoaves, and all omnivorous members of Neoaves tested so far increase APN activity on high dietary protein, whereas fewer of the Galloanserae do.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Oguchi
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, Madison, WI 53706, United States.
| | - M Rolle
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, Madison, WI 53706, United States.
| | - D Mai
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, Madison, WI 53706, United States.
| | - C Tsai-Brown
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - K H Rott
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - E Caviedes-Vidal
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, Madison, WI 53706, United States; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina; Universidad de San Luis, Departamento de Biología, San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - W H Karasov
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, Madison, WI 53706, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Brun C, Hernandez-Alba O, Hovasse A, Criscuolo F, Schaeffer-Reiss C, Bertile F. Resistance to glycation in the zebra finch: Mass spectrometry-based analysis and its perspectives for evolutionary studies of aging. Exp Gerontol 2022; 164:111811. [PMID: 35472570 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In humans, hyperglycemia is associated with protein glycation, which may contribute to aging. Strikingly, birds usually outlive mammals of the same body mass, while exhibiting high plasma glucose levels. However, how birds succeed in escaping pro-aging effects of glycation remains unknown. Using a specific mass spectrometry-based approach in captive zebra finches of known age, we recorded high glycaemia values but no glycated hemoglobin form was found. Still, we showed that zebra finch hemoglobin can be glycated in vitro, albeit only to a limited extent compared to its human homologue. This may be due to peculiar structural features, as supported by the unusual presence of three different tetramer populations with balanced proportions and a still bound cofactor that could be inositol pentaphosphate. High levels of the glycated forms of zebra finch plasma serotransferrin, carbonic anhydrase 2, and albumin were measured. Glucose, age or body mass correlations with either plasma glycated proteins or hemoglobin isoforms suggest that those variables may be future molecular tools of choice to monitor glycation and its link with individual fitness. Our molecular advance may help determine how evolution succeeded in associating flying ability, high blood glucose and long lifespan in birds.
Collapse
|
36
|
Máca O, González-Solís D. Role of three bird species in the life cycle of two Sarcocystis spp. (Apicomplexa, Sarcocystidae) in the Czech Republic. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2022; 17:133-137. [PMID: 35070681 PMCID: PMC8761862 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Birds are one of the groups involved in the development of Sarcocystis Lankester (1882), serving either as intermediate or definitive hosts. The white-tailed sea eagle Haliaeetus albicilla (Linnaeus, 1758), red kite Milvus milvus (Linnaeus, 1758) (both Accipitriformes) and common starlings Sturnus vulgaris Linnaeus, 1758 (Passeriformes) were examined to elucidate their participation in the development of Sarcocystis, as well as to determine the specific identity of the parasites based on morphological and especially molecular analyses. In 2020-2021, one white-tailed eagle, one red kite and five common starlings were parasitologically examined for the presence of Sarcocystis using flotation centrifugation coprological method and by wet mounts of intestinal mucosa scrapings and/or muscle samples. Positive samples were processed by light microscopy, histologically and followed molecularly at four genetic markers (18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, ITS1 and cox1). The white-tailed eagle harboured oocysts/sporocysts of S. arctica Gjerde et Schulze, 2014 in the intestinal mucosa, while the intestinal mucosa of the red kite and breasts and leg muscles of one common starling were positive to S. halieti Gjerde, Vikøren et Hamnes, 2018. Sequences from eagle shared 99.6-100% identity with each other and S. arctica in the red fox (V. vulpes Linnaeus, 1758) from the Czech Republic. Sequences from the common starling and red kite shared 100% identity with each other and with S. halieti in the great cormorant (P. carbo [Linnaeus, 1758]) from Lithuania and H. albicilla from Norway. The white-tailed sea eagle might act as definitive host of S. arctica, whereas the common starling and red kite represent intermediate and potential definitive hosts, respectively, for S. halieti.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Máca
- Department of Pathology and Parasitology, State Veterinary Institute Prague, Sídlištní 136/24, 165 03, Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - David González-Solís
- Department of Systematics and Aquatic Ecology, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Gutiérrez-Cabrera AE, Montaño RB, González L, Ospina-Garcés SM, Córdoba-Aguilar A. Body shape and fluctuating asymmetry following different feeding sources and feeding time in a triatomine, Triatoma pallidipennis (Stål, 1892). Infect Genet Evol 2022; 98:105199. [PMID: 34974200 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.105199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Even when an animal has a generalist diet, different food sources can impact its body shape and fluctuating asymmetry (a stress indicator; FA). To test this, we varied the food source (mammalian, avian or defibrinated mammalian blood; and control animals - ad libitum feeding) and the time of feeding (every 8 days, 45 days and ad libitum) having the Chagas triatomine vector, Triatoma pallidipennis (Stål, 1892), as a study animal which has presumable generalist feeding habits. This factorial design was applied since first instar animals until adulthood. As response variables, we measured body shape and FA in adults of both sexes, using a two-dimensional geometric morphometrics protocol. The highest variance in body shape was explained by diet (17%), followed by sex nested within diet (12%). Males had less morphological differentiation than females: females with defibrinated blood provided every 45 days differentiated more, while those that fed on mammalian blood every 8 days differed less. Distances among the averages of the FA component related to shape indicated greater distances between avian blood provided every 45 days and mammalian blood provided every 8 days, as well as between the two groups fed on avian blood (feeding every 8 and 45 days), followed by avian and defibrinated blood, both fed every 8 days. These results indicate that blood source and feeding time have significant effects on the body shape, and FA in females and both sexes. Thus, despite general feeding habits, avian blood showed a greater impact on shape and FA in triatomines. This may select for triatomines to use mammal blood rather than avian blood if they have the chance to do so.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana E Gutiérrez-Cabrera
- CONACYT-Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Avenida Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cerrada Los Pinos y Caminera, 62100 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Raúl Badillo Montaño
- Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados. Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, Xalapa, 91070, México
| | - Lorena González
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Avenida Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cerrada Los Pinos y Caminera, 62100 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Sandra M Ospina-Garcés
- Centro de Investigaciones Tropicales, Universidad Veracruzana, José María Morelos No. 44 y 46. Col. Centro, C.P. 91000 Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico..
| | - Alex Córdoba-Aguilar
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. Postal 70-275, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México D.F., Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Krumm B, Klump GM, Köppl C, Beutelmann R, Langemann U. Chickens have excellent sound localization ability. J Exp Biol 2022; 225:jeb243601. [PMID: 35156129 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.243601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The mechanisms of sound localization are actively debated, especially which cues are predominately used and why. Our study provides behavioural data in chickens (Gallus gallus) and relates these to estimates of the perceived physical cues. Sound localization acuity was quantified as the minimum audible angle (MAA) in azimuth. Pure-tone MAA was 12.3, 9.3, 8.9 and 14.5 deg for frequencies of 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz, respectively. Broadband-noise MAA was 12.2 deg, which indicates excellent behavioural acuity. We determined 'external cues' from head-related transfer functions of chickens. These were used to derive 'internal cues', taking into account published data on the effect of the coupled middle ears. Our estimates of the internal cues indicate that chickens likely relied on interaural time difference cues alone at low frequencies of 500 and 1000 Hz, whereas at 2000 and 4000 Hz, interaural level differences may be the dominant cue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Krumm
- Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all 2.0", Division for Animal Physiology and Behaviour, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all 2.0", Division for Cochlea and Auditory Brainstem Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Georg M Klump
- Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all 2.0", Division for Animal Physiology and Behaviour, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Christine Köppl
- Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all 2.0", Division for Cochlea and Auditory Brainstem Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Beutelmann
- Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all 2.0", Division for Animal Physiology and Behaviour, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Langemann
- Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all 2.0", Division for Animal Physiology and Behaviour, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
de Montaigu CT, Goulson D. Field evidence of UK wild bird exposure to fludioxonil and extrapolation to other pesticides used as seed treatments. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:22151-22162. [PMID: 34780016 PMCID: PMC8930954 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17097-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We determine the exposure of wild birds to pesticides via consumption of fludioxonil-treated winter wheat seeds following autumn drilling. We recorded the density of seeds left on the soil surface, bird density, and consumption of pesticide-treated seed by birds using camera traps. We calculated the dose ingested by each bird species in a single feeding bout and if they ate treated seeds exclusively for 1 day. We extrapolated this for an additional 19 pesticides commonly used as seed treatments, assuming equal consumption rates. All three fields contained grains on the soil surface (mean 7.14 seeds/m2 on sowing day). In total, 1,374 granivorous birds spanning 18 different species were observed in the fields, with 11 species filmed eating the seeds. Fludioxonil appears to pose a low risk to birds, with <1.14% of the LD50 potentially ingested by a bird for a daily maximum amount of seeds. Analysis of the further 19 pesticides commonly used as seed dressings suggests that the neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid, clothianidin, and thiamethoxam represent the highest risk for granivorous birds. For example, chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) could consume 63% of LD50 of imidacloprid in a single feeding bout, and 370% in a day. Further investigation is clearly required to determine whether seeds treated with these other pesticides are consumed as readily as those treated with fludioxonil, as if so this is likely to cause significant harm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dave Goulson
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, East Sussex, UK
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Guillette LM, Vámos TIF, Healy SD, Meddle SL. Involvement of the neural social behaviour network during social information acquisition in zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata). Learn Behav 2022. [PMID: 35167055 DOI: 10.3758/s13420-022-00511-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Female zebra finches Taeniopygia guttata will copy the novel foraging choice of males. The degree to which they do so, however, can vary considerably. Among-individual differences in social learning and their underlying neural pathways have received relatively little attention and remain poorly understood. Here, then, we allowed female zebra finches to observe live-streamed male demonstrators feeding from one of two novel-coloured feeders (social information acquisition phase). After this social information acquisition phase, we tested from which feeder the females preferred to feed to determine whether they copied the feeder choice of the male demonstrator (social learning test phase). We then examined the brains of these females for immediate early gene activity (c-fos) in the neural social behaviour network for the time during which they were observing the male feeding. Of the 12 regions and sub-regions in the brain examined we found only one weak correlation: greater copying was associated with lower activity in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, BSTmv. Future work should perhaps focus on neural activity that occurs during the stage in which there is evidence that animals have copied a demonstrator (i.e., social learning test phase in the current experiment) rather than during the period in which those animals observe that demonstrator (i.e., social information acquisition phase in the current experiment). What is clear is that the considerable emphasis on examining the behavioural component of social learning has not yet been accompanied by neural analyses.
Collapse
|
41
|
Sherlock C, Fernie KJ, Munno K, Provencher J, Rochman C. The potential of aerial insectivores for monitoring microplastics in terrestrial environments. Sci Total Environ 2022; 807:150453. [PMID: 34599954 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Limited research has been conducted on microplastics in terrestrial ecosystems and biota, despite being some of the most ubiquitous environmental pollutants. We investigated the presence of microplastics (over 125 μm) in tree swallow (Tachicyneta bicolor) chicks (10 d. o.), an aerial insectivore whose diet involves terrestrial and/or freshwater sources. Swallows nested immediately downstream (300 m) of the discharge pipe of a large, urban wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) or at a rural conservation area (40 km apart). Anthropogenic microparticles (including microplastics) were identified in nearly all WWTP chicks (90%; N = 20) and reference chicks (83%; N = 20). All microparticles were fibers (100%) in the gastro-intestinal (GI) tracts of WWTP nestlings, whereas unexpectedly, they were more diverse in the GI tracts of reference chicks, with ~15% characterized as pre-production plastic pellets. The fecal sacs of most nestlings (90%) contained microparticles, and all were characterized as fibers suggesting their excretion by tree swallows. Compared to WWTP chicks, the reference chicks had more microparticles in their fecal sacs and larger particles (length, width) in their GI tracts, likely reflecting the more aquatic-based diet of the reference chicks fed insects caught adjacent to the nearby dam, compared to the more terrestrial-based diet of the WWTP chicks. The numbers of microparticles were not correlated between GI tracts and fecal sacs, nor with the chicks' condition or size (weight, organs, feathers). We recommend sampling macroinvertebrate prey to permit stronger conclusions regarding WWTPs as possible sources of microplastics for swallows, and to determine if such macroinvertebrates may be a non-lethal method to characterize microparticle diversity ingested by birds as presently identified in chicks' GI tracts. We conclude that sampling fecal sacs only, while not indicative of the diversity of microplastics ingested by terrestrial passerines (e.g., tree swallows), is useful for determining their exposure to microparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Sherlock
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks St, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Kim J Fernie
- Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division, Science & Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Keenan Munno
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks St, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Jennifer Provencher
- Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division, Science & Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Chelsea Rochman
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks St, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Hong SH, Reiner JL, Jang M, Schuur SS, Han GM, Kucklick JR, Shim WJ. Levels and profiles of perfluorinated alkyl acids in liver tissues of birds with different habitat types and trophic levels from an urbanized coastal region of South Korea. Sci Total Environ 2022; 806:151263. [PMID: 34715217 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Contamination status and characteristics of perfluorinated alkyl acids (PFAAs) including perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and perfluorinated sulfonic acids (PFSAs) was examined using liver tissue of birds - black-tailed gulls (Larus crassirostris), domestic pigeons (Columba livia var. domestica), pacific loons (Gavia pacifica), herons (Ardea cinerea), and egrets (Egretta garzetta and Ardea alba) - with different trophic levels, habitat types and migratory behaviors from an industrialized coastal region of South Korea. A wide range of PFAAs (1.09 ng/g to 1060 ng/g; median = 52.6 ng/g) were detected in bird livers from the Korean coasts with high detection frequency. Accumulation features of PFAAs in birds indicated that primarily trophic position and secondly habitat type influence the levels and composition of PFAAs, e.g., relatively high PFAA levels and high composition of odd-numbered long carbon chain PFCAs (perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) and perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTriDA)) and PFOS in higher trophic and marine birds. The prevalence of long carbon chain (≥14) PFCAs likely implies a wide use of fluorotelomer-based substances in Korea. Interspecies comparison in the accumulation profile of persistent organic pollutants (including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides, polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDEs), and PFAAs) reveals relatively high load of PFAAs in inland (pigeons) and estuarine (egrets/herons) species compared to marine bird species, indicating wide use of PFAAs in the terrestrial environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hee Hong
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea; Department of Ocean Science, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jessica L Reiner
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Chemical Sciences Division, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Mi Jang
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea
| | - Stacy S Schuur
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Chemical Sciences Division, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Gi Myung Han
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea
| | - John R Kucklick
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Chemical Sciences Division, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Won Joon Shim
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea; Department of Ocean Science, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
West AG, DeLaunay A, Marsh P, Perry EK, Jolly M, Gartrell BD, Pas A, Digby A, Taylor MW. Gut microbiota of the threatened takahē: biogeographic patterns and conservation implications. Anim Microbiome 2022; 4:11. [PMID: 35078539 PMCID: PMC8790836 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-021-00158-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Aotearoa New Zealand takahē (Porphyrio hochstetteri), once thought to be extinct, is a nationally threatened flightless rail under intensive conservation management. While there has been previous research into disease-related microbes in takahē, little is known about the microbes present in the gastrointestinal tract. Given the importance of gut-associated microbes to herbivore nutrition and immunity, knowledge of these communities is likely to be of considerable conservation value. Here we examined the gut microbiotas of 57 takahē at eight separate locations across Aotearoa New Zealand. RESULTS Faecal samples, taken as a proxy for the hindgut bacterial community, were subjected to 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing using Illumina MiSeq. Phylogenetic analysis of > 2200 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) revealed nine main bacterial phyla (Acidobacteriota, Actinobacteriota, Bacteroidota, Campilobacterota, Firmicutes, Fusobacteriota, Planctomycetota, Proteobacteria, and Verrucomicrobiota) that accounted for the majority of sequence reads. Location was a significant effect (p value < 0.001, 9999 permutations) that accounted for 32% of the observed microbiota variation. One ASV, classified as Lactobacillus aviarius, was present in all samples at an average relative abundance of 17% (SD = 23.20). There was strong evidence (p = 0.002) for a difference in the abundance of the genus Lactobacillus between locations. A common commensal bacterium previously described in takahē, Campylobacter spp., was also detected in most faecal samples. CONCLUSIONS Location plays a pivotal role in the observed variation among takahē gut bacterial communities and is potentially due to factors such as supplemental feeding and medical treatment experienced by birds housed in captivity at one of the eight sampled sites. These data present a first glimpse of the previously unexplored takahē gut microbiota and provide a baseline for future microbiological studies and conservation efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annie G West
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Anne DeLaunay
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Phil Marsh
- Takahē Recovery Programme, Department of Conservation, Lakefront Drive, Te Anau, New Zealand
| | - Elena K Perry
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Megan Jolly
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Brett D Gartrell
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - An Pas
- New Zealand Centre for Conservation Medicine, Auckland Zoo, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Digby
- Takahē Recovery Programme, Department of Conservation, Lakefront Drive, Te Anau, New Zealand
| | - Michael W Taylor
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ramey AM, Reeves AB, Lagassé BJ, Patil V, Hubbard LE, Kolpin DW, McCleskey RB, Repert DA, Stallknecht DE, Poulson RL. Evidence for interannual persistence of infectious influenza A viruses in Alaska wetlands. Sci Total Environ 2022; 803:150078. [PMID: 34525758 PMCID: PMC9277558 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Influenza A viruses (IAVs) deposited by wild birds into the environment may lead to sporadic mortality events and economically costly outbreaks among domestic birds. There is a paucity of information, however, regarding the persistence of infectious IAVs within the environment following deposition. In this investigation, we assessed the persistence of 12 IAVs that were present in cloacal and/or oropharyngeal swabs of naturally infected ducks. Infectivity of these IAVs was monitored over approximately one year with each virus tested in five water types: (1) distilled water held in the lab at 4 °C and (2-5) filtered surface water from each of four Alaska sites and maintained in the field at ambient temperature. By evaluating infectivity of IAVs in ovo following sample retrieval at four successive time points, we observed declines in IAV infectivity through time. Many viruses persisted for extended periods, as evidenced by ≥25% of IAVs remaining infectious in replicate samples for each treatment type through three sampling time points (144-155 days post-sample collection) and two viruses remaining viable in a single replicate sample each when tested upon collection at a fourth time point (361-377 days post-sample collection). The estimated probability of persistence of infectious IAVs in all five water types was estimated to be between 0.25 and 0.75 during days 50-200 post-sample collection as inferred through Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Our results provide evidence that IAVs may remain infectious for extended periods, up to or even exceeding one year, when maintained in surface waters under ambient temperatures. Therefore, wetlands may represent an important medium in which infectious IAVs may reside outside of a biotic reservoir.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Ramey
- U. S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA.
| | - Andrew B Reeves
- U. S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA.
| | - Benjamin J Lagassé
- U. S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA; Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, P.O. Box 756100, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
| | - Vijay Patil
- U. S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA.
| | - Laura E Hubbard
- U. S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Water Science Center, 8505 Research Way, Middleton, WI 53562, USA.
| | - Dana W Kolpin
- U. S. Geological Survey, Central Midwest Water Science Center, 400 S. Clinton Street, Iowa City, IA 52244, USA.
| | - R Blaine McCleskey
- U. S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Mission Area, 3215 Marine Street, Building 6, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
| | - Deborah A Repert
- U. S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Mission Area, 3215 Marine Street, Building 6, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
| | - David E Stallknecht
- Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Rebecca L Poulson
- Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ruberg EJ, King MD, Elliott JE, Tomy GT, Idowu I, Vermette ML, Williams TD. Effects of diluted bitumen exposure on the survival, physiology, and behaviour of zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2022; 229:113071. [PMID: 34915220 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Diluted bitumen (dilbit) is an unconventional crude petroleum increasingly being extracted and transported to market by pipeline and tanker. Despite the transport of dilbit through terrestrial, aquatic, and coastal habitat important to diverse bird fauna, toxicity data are currently only available for fish and invertebrates. We used the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) as a tractable, avian model system to investigate exposure effects of lightly weathered Cold Lake blend dilbit on survival, tissue residue, and a range of physiological and behavioural endpoints. Birds were exposed via oral gavage over 14-days with dosages of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, or 12 mL dilbit/kg bw/day. We identified an LD50 of 9.4 mL/kg/d dilbit, with complete mortality at 12 mL/kg/d. Mortality was associated with mass loss, external oiling, decreased pectoral and heart mass, and increased liver mass. Hepatic ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity (EROD) was elevated in all dilbit-dosed birds compared with controls but there was limited evidence of sublethal effects of dilbit on physiological endpoints at doses < 10 mL/kg/d (hematocrit, hemoglobin, total antioxidants, and reactive oxygen metabolites). Dilbit exposure affected behavior, with more dilbit-treated birds foraging away from the feeder, more birds sleeping or idle at low dilbit doses, and fewer birds huddling together at high dilbit doses. Naphthalene, dibenzothiophene, and their alkylated congeners in particular (e.g. C2-napthalene and C2-dibenzothiophene) accumulated in the liver at greater concentrations in dilbit-treated birds compared to controls. Although directly comparable studies in the zebra finch are limited, our mortality data suggest that dilbit is more toxic than the well-studied MC252 conventional light crude oil with this exposure regime. A lack of overt sublethal effects at lower doses, but effects on body mass and composition, behaviour, high mortality, and elevated PAC residue at doses ≥ 10 mL/kg/d suggest a threshold effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J Ruberg
- Simon Fraser University, Department of Biological Sciences, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Mason D King
- Simon Fraser University, Department of Biological Sciences, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - John E Elliott
- Simon Fraser University, Department of Biological Sciences, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada; Environment and Climate Change Canada, Science and Technology Division, 5421 Robertson Road, Delta, BC V4K 3N2, Canada
| | - Gregg T Tomy
- University of Manitoba, Department of Chemistry, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Ifeoluwa Idowu
- University of Manitoba, Department of Chemistry, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Melissa L Vermette
- Simon Fraser University, Department of Biological Sciences, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Tony D Williams
- Simon Fraser University, Department of Biological Sciences, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Damphousse CC, Miller N, Marrone DF. Reaction to novelty as a behavioral assay of recognition memory in homing pigeons and Japanese quail. Learn Behav 2021. [PMID: 34918205 DOI: 10.3758/s13420-021-00499-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous novelty preference is apparent in a wide array of animals, including mammals, birds, reptiles, and fish. This provides a powerful behavioral assay to assess whether an animal can recognize a diverse array of stimuli in a common paradigm. Surprisingly, no research has been conducted in birds using novelty approach under conditions comparable to the spontaneous object recognition (SOR) protocols that have become standard across other animals. To correct this, the current study adapts a number of SOR protocols commonly used in mammals to characterize novelty approach in Silver King pigeons and Japanese quail. We show that, in general, both quail and pigeons readily approach novel objects or locations when tested using SOR protocols, although pigeons show a neophilic response under some conditions in which quail do not. Neither quail nor pigeons readily approach objects in novel contexts or novel locations. These data show that SOR can be successfully adapted to birds, allowing for more direct comparison between mammals and birds in tasks of shared ecological relevance.
Collapse
|
47
|
Deng K, Kovalev A, Rajabi H, Schaber CF, Dai ZD, Gorb SN. The damping properties of the foam-filled shaft of primary feathers of the pigeon Columba livia. Naturwissenschaften 2021; 109:1. [PMID: 34860292 PMCID: PMC8642350 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-021-01773-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The avian feather combines mechanical properties of robustness and flexibility while maintaining a low weight. Under periodic and random dynamic loading, the feathers sustain bending forces and vibrations during flight. Excessive vibrations can increase noise, energy consumption, and negatively impact flight stability. However, damping can alter the system response, and result in increased stability and reduced noise. Although the structure of feathers has already been studied, little is known about their damping properties. In particular, the link between the structure of shafts and their damping is unknown. This study aims at understanding the structure-damping relationship of the shafts. For this purpose, laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV) was used to measure the damping properties of the feather shaft in three segments selected from the base, middle, and tip. A combination of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and micro-computed tomography (µCT) was used to investigate the gradient microstructure of the shaft. The results showed the presence of two fundamental vibration modes, when mechanically excited in the horizontal and vertical directions. It was also found that the base and middle parts of the shaft have higher damping ratios than the tip, which could be attributed to their larger foam cells, higher foam/cortex ratio, and higher percentage of foam. This study provides the first indication of graded damping properties in feathers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Deng
- Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Institute of Zoology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
| | - A Kovalev
- Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Institute of Zoology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - H Rajabi
- School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London, England
| | - C F Schaber
- Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Institute of Zoology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Z D Dai
- Institute of Bioinspired Structure and Surface Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
| | - S N Gorb
- Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Institute of Zoology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Poliserpi MB, Cristos D, Pérez-Iglesias JM, Brodeur JC. Tissue distribution and sublethal effects of imidacloprid in the South American grayish baywing (Agelaioides badius). Chemosphere 2021; 284:131327. [PMID: 34216921 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The neonicotinoids are globally used insecticides, which have been shown to cause negative impacts on birds. The current study aimed to evaluate the distribution of the neonicotinoid imidacloprid (IMI) in the tissues of a songbird and identify related physiological effects. Adults of the grayish baywing (Agelaioides baduis) were administered with a single dose of 35 mg IMI/kg, and the IMI concentration was evaluated in liver, kidney and plasma at 4, 12, 24, and 48 h after dosing. At the same time points, effects on hematological, genetic and enzymatic parameters were assessed. Results showed that IMI was absorbed before 4 h, and eliminated at 48 h, in every tissue, and the highest concentrations were detected in plasma. Baywings showed intoxication signs and reduced mobility within the first 5 min post-dosing. Hematological parameters: red blood cells, packed cell volume, hemoglobin, and their derived indices exhibited a transient elevation 24 h after dosing, which coincided with maximum concentrations of IMI in the tissues. No effects were observed on the genotoxicity parameters evaluated: micronuclei and comet assay. Treated birds exhibited an alteration of cholinesterases activity in the muscle and plasma, and of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity in the plasma, brain, liver, and muscle. Based on the results obtained, the combined detection of IMI and inhibition of GST activity in the plasma is suggested as a non-lethal biomarker of IMI exposure in wild birds. As efficient field monitoring depends on the availability of proven biomarkers, the current study provides valuable tools for bird conservation in agroecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Belén Poliserpi
- Instituto de Recursos Biológicos, Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales (CIRN), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Diego Cristos
- Instituto Tecnología de Alimentos, Centro de Investigación de Agroindustria (CIA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Manuel Pérez-Iglesias
- INQUISAL, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Julie Céline Brodeur
- Instituto de Recursos Biológicos, Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales (CIRN), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Mirarab Razi H, Mosleh N, Shomali T, Tavangar N, Namazi F. Deterioration of wound healing and intense suppression of MMP-9 mRNA expression after short-term administration of different topical glucocorticoids or NSAIDs in an avian model of corneal lesions. Iran J Vet Res 2021; 22:188-194. [PMID: 34777518 DOI: 10.22099/ijvr.2021.39864.5783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Corneal lesions are considered among important ophthalmic conditions in avian patients. Short-term outcome of using anti-inflammatory agents in corneal lesions of birds are not well-described. Aims The study evaluates effects of different anti-inflammatory agents on healing of alkali burn-induced corneal lesions in layer hens as an avian model. Methods Adult layers were randomly allocated into 7 groups (n=15) as follows: 1. Negative (normal) control (NC), and 2. Positive control (PC) with an experimentally induced-corneal lesion, 3-7. Birds with corneal lesions that were treated with dexamethasone, fluorometholone, prednisolone, ketorolac, or diclofenac eye-drops every 6 hours (QID) for 5 consecutive days. Results At the end of the experiment, proper healing was observed in PC group based on lesion area, while treated groups showed statistically larger lesion sizes as compared to PC birds (P<0.05). Although no significant difference was observed among groups, birds treated with ketorolac, diclofenac or fluorometholone had higher histopathological scores for most of the assayed parameters than other groups. Levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in corneal tissue of different groups were statistically the same. The mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) was increased 2.5 folds in PC group as compared to NC birds. However, birds treated with anti-inflammatory agents showed no detectable expression of MMP-9 mRNA. Conclusion Five days of topical administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs) or glucocorticoids (GCs) is associated with suppression of MMP-9 mRNA expression in corneal tissue and detrimental effects on wound healing in layers with alkali burn-induced corneal ulcers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Mirarab Razi
- Resident of Avian Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - N Mosleh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - T Shomali
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - N Tavangar
- Resident of Avian Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - F Namazi
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Park K, Barghi M, Lim JE, Ko HM, Nam HY, Lee SI, Moon HB. Assessment of regional and temporal trends in per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances using the Oriental Magpie (Pica serica) in Korea. Sci Total Environ 2021; 793:148513. [PMID: 34171800 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are used in industrial and commercial products due to their amphiphilic properties. Birds have been utilized as biomonitoring species due to their environmental pollutant vulnerability and wide distribution. The Oriental Magpie (Pica serica) is a representative residential species inhabiting terrestrial environments. In this study, we measured PFAS concentrations in Magpie liver tissue (n = 253) collected from 12 Korean regions in 2004 and 2017. The predominant compounds were perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS; mean: 23.8 ng/g wet weight), perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA; 2.79 ng/g), and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA: 2.11 ng/g). We observed significant correlations between Magpie PFAS measurements, indicating similar sources and bioaccumulation processes. Adult females showed significantly lower PFOS concentrations than adult males and young males and females, indicating that avian sex is a crucial physiological factor of PFAS accumulation. PFOS, perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), and perfluorotetradecanoic acid (PFTeDA) concentrations in urban regions were significantly higher than rural regions. PFOS concentrations in Magpie livers increased significantly between sampling years, whereas C11-C13 carboxylic acids (PFCAs) decreased. This suggests that urbanization and population are major factors in Magpie PFAS accumulation. Almost all hepatic PFOS concentrations were below the threshold values proposed by previous studies, implying limited risks. Our findings suggest that the Oriental Magpies are PFAS sentinel in residential environments. This is the first comprehensive report on biomonitoring of PFASs using the Oriental Magpie.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiwan Park
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Mandana Barghi
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Eun Lim
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Mee Ko
- Interdisciplinary Program of EcoCreative, The Graduate School, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Young Nam
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Im Lee
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Bang Moon
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|