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Wrońska-Pilarek D, Maciejewska-Rutkowska I, Lechowicz K, Bocianowski J, Hauke-Kowalska M, Baranowska M, Korzeniewicz R. The effect of herbicides on morphological features of pollen grains in Prunus serotina Ehrh. in the context of elimination of this invasive species from European forests. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4657. [PMID: 36949138 PMCID: PMC10033914 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31010-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Prunus serotina Ehrh. is an alien invasive neophyte widespread in European forests. So far, no effective methods of its elimination have been developed. For this reason, the aim of our study was to determine how herbicides affect the morphological characteristics of pollen grains. This knowledge may be crucial to control this invasive species. The current study was carried out in a research area of 2.7 ha located in the Zielonka Forest near Poznań, Poland (N 52°31'58.016″, E 17°05'55.588″). We tested morphological differences among ten features of P. serotina pollen, based on the samples collected from 15 control trees compared to the 50 trees treated with five different herbicides. In total 1950 pollen grains were measured. We confirmed the adopted hypotheses of long-term herbicide influence on P. serotina pollen. Pollen grains from the control trees had a longer equatorial axis, were more elongated in shape and had the largest range of exine thickness compared to the pollen from the herbicide-treated samples. Exine thickness in the control sample was on average 0.74 µm, ranging from 0.42 to 1.19 µm. The average values and the ranges of this trait in the samples treated with herbicides were larger (e.g. average exine thickness was from 0.90 to 0.95 µm). There were differences in the P/E ranges of variability between the control and herbicide-treated samples. In the control sample the P/E ratio was 1.32-2.04 and elongated forms of pollen shapes prevailed, while in the herbicide-treated samples it ranged from 1.03 to 1.47. The share of deformed pollen grains in the herbicide-treated samples was lower than expected, ranging from 8.7 to 25.3%, while in the control samples it was 6%. Logo and Mustang turned out to be the most effective among the herbicides used in the described research. The two used application methods were found to have an effect on pollen quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Wrońska-Pilarek
- Department of Botany and Forest Habitats, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71d, 60-625, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Irmina Maciejewska-Rutkowska
- Department of Botany and Forest Habitats, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71d, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Kacper Lechowicz
- Department of Botany and Forest Habitats, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71d, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jan Bocianowski
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznań, Poland
| | - Maria Hauke-Kowalska
- Department of Silviculture, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71a, 60-625, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Marlena Baranowska
- Department of Silviculture, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71a, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Robert Korzeniewicz
- Department of Silviculture, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71a, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
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Jia H, Chen S, Wang X, Shi C, Liu K, Zhang S, Li J. Copper oxide nanoparticles alter cellular morphology via disturbing the actin cytoskeleton dynamics in Arabidopsis roots. Nanotoxicology 2019; 14:127-144. [PMID: 31684790 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2019.1678693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) have severe nano-toxic effects on organisms. Limited data is available on influence of CuO NPs on plant cells. Here, the molecular mechanisms involved in the toxicity of CuO NPs are studied. Exposure to CuO NPs significantly increased copper content in roots (0.062-0.325 mg/g FW), but CuO NPs translocation rates from root to shoot were low (1.1-2.8%). Presented data were significant at p < 0.05 compared to control. CuO NPs inhibited longitudinal growth and promoted transverse growth in root tip cells. However, CuO NPs did not affect the leaf cells, implying that the transfer ability of CuO NPs was weak, and toxicity mainly affected roots. CuO NPs can conjugate with actin protein. The actin cytoskeleton experienced reorganization in the presence of CuO NPs. The longitudinal filamentous actin (F-actin) decreased, and the transverse F-actin increased. CuO NPs inhibited actin polymerization and promoted depolymerization. The behavior of individual F-actin was at steady state with time-lapse under CuO NPs treatment by time-lapse reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy. The growth rate of actin filaments was weakened by CuO NPs. CuO NPs disturbed the subcellular localization of PINs and the gradient of auxin distribution in root tips in an actin-dependent manner. In conclusion, CuO NPs conjugated with actin and disturbed F-actin dynamics, triggering abnormal cell growth in the root tip, and findings provide theoretical basis for further study nano-toxicity in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglei Jia
- Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands, College of Life Sciences, Northwest a&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sisi Chen
- Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands, College of Life Sciences, Northwest a&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands, College of Life Sciences, Northwest a&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cong Shi
- Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands, College of Life Sciences, Northwest a&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kena Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuangxi Zhang
- Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands, College of Life Sciences, Northwest a&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jisheng Li
- Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands, College of Life Sciences, Northwest a&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Santos NMCD, Amaral WG, de Araújo FV, Ferreira EA, Castro BMDCE, Zanuncio JC, Pereira IM, Dos Santos JB. Effects of the herbicide trifluralin in the initial development of Piptadenia gonoacantha ( Fabales: Fabaceae). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2019; 21:1323-1328. [PMID: 31264443 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2019.1633256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Trifluralin, a pre-emergent herbicide, is widely used in Brazil in the weed grass management in restoration areas. The objective was to evaluate the tolerance of Piptadenia gonoacantha to trifluralin. The treatments had three trifluralin doses (445, 890, and 1335 g a.i. ha-1), applied in pre-sowing, as well as the control, without herbicide. Visual intoxication, seed germination, survival rate, emergence speed index (EMI), mean germination period, seedling height, and diameter, micromorphometric parameters of plant roots collected at 60 d after sowing, root length (RL) and volume, leaf area (LA), leaf numbers, root and shoot dry matter, and fluorescence of chlorophyll a at 30, 45, and 60 d after sowing were analyzed. Visual intoxication values above 50% were observed only with 1335 g a.i. ha-1. The herbicide did not affect seed germination, EMI, average germination period, seedling height, and diameter, root micromorphometric parameters, length, dry matter or root volume, and chlorophyll a fluorescence. The dose 1335 g a.i. ha-1 caused a reduction of 41.5% in survival, 50.3% in the LA, 36.7% in the number of leaves (LN), and 59.8% in the aerial dry mass of seedlings. The trifluralin presents potential for restoration programs of degraded areas with this forest species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wander Gladson Amaral
- Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brasil
| | - Fillipe Vieira de Araújo
- Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brasil
| | - Evander Alves Ferreira
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brasil
| | | | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brasil
| | - Israel Marinho Pereira
- Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brasil
| | - José Barbosa Dos Santos
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brasil
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Rodríguez-Serrano M, Pazmiño DM, Sparkes I, Rochetti A, Hawes C, Romero-Puertas MC, Sandalio LM. 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid promotes S-nitrosylation and oxidation of actin affecting cytoskeleton and peroxisomal dynamics. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:4783-93. [PMID: 24913628 PMCID: PMC4144765 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is a synthetic auxin used as a herbicide to control weeds in agriculture. A high concentration of 2,4-D promotes leaf epinasty and cell death. In this work, the molecular mechanisms involved in the toxicity of this herbicide are studied by analysing in Arabidopsis plants the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO), and their effect on cytoskeleton structure and peroxisome dynamics. 2,4-D (23 mM) promotes leaf epinasty, whereas this process was prevented by EDTA, which can reduce ·OH accumulation. The analysis of ROS accumulation by confocal microscopy showed a 2,4-D-dependent increase in both H2O2 and O2·(-), whereas total NO was not affected by the treatment. The herbicide promotes disturbances on the actin cytoskeleton structure as a result of post-translational modification of actin by oxidation and S-nitrosylation, which could disturb actin polymerization, as suggested by the reduction of the F-actin/G-actin ratio. These effects were reduced by EDTA, and the reduction of ROS production in Arabidopsis mutants deficient in xanthine dehydrogenase (Atxdh) gave rise to a reduction in actin oxidation. Also, 2,4-D alters the dynamics of the peroxisome, slowing the speed and shortening the distances by which these organelles are displaced. It is concluded that 2,4-D promotes oxidative and nitrosative stress, causing disturbances in the actin cytoskeleton, thereby affecting the dynamics of peroxisomes and some other organelles such as the mitochondria, with xanthine dehydrogenase being involved in ROS production under these conditions. These structural changes in turn appear to be responsible for the leaf epinasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rodríguez-Serrano
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Apartado 419, 18080 Granada, Spain
| | - D M Pazmiño
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Apartado 419, 18080 Granada, Spain
| | - I Sparkes
- School of Biological & Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
| | - A Rochetti
- School of Biological & Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
| | - C Hawes
- School of Biological & Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
| | - M C Romero-Puertas
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Apartado 419, 18080 Granada, Spain
| | - L M Sandalio
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Apartado 419, 18080 Granada, Spain
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A combination of the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay and centromeric identification for evaluation of the genotoxicity of dicamba. Toxicol Lett 2011; 207:204-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Revised: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 09/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Fernandes TCC, Mazzeo DEC, Marin-Morales MA. Origin of nuclear and chromosomal alterations derived from the action of an aneugenic agent--Trifluralin herbicide. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2009; 72:1680-1686. [PMID: 19419762 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2009.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2008] [Revised: 03/02/2009] [Accepted: 03/25/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Trifluralin is a herbicide capable of interfering in mitotic cell division due to either microtubule depolymerization or alteration in the concentration of calcium ions within the cell. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of trifluralin in Allium cepa meristematic cells, evaluating the induction mechanisms of the chromosomal and nuclear aberrations. In this study, A. cepa root tips were submitted for 24h treatment to several concentrations of this herbicide and 48 h recovery post-treatment. The results showed that some concentrations of trifluralin can lead to a mitotic index inhibition, besides inducing chromosomal and nuclear alterations throughout the mitotic cycle. Some of the alterations found seem to be resulting from the herbicide action in different phases and in more than one consecutive cell cycle.
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Malatesta M, Perdoni F, Santin G, Battistelli S, Muller S, Biggiogera M. Hepatoma tissue culture (HTC) cells as a model for investigating the effects of low concentrations of herbicide on cell structure and function. Toxicol In Vitro 2008; 22:1853-60. [PMID: 18835430 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2008.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2008] [Revised: 08/12/2008] [Accepted: 09/08/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies on mice fed genetically modified (GM) soybean demonstrated modifications of the mitochondrial functions and of the transcription/splicing pathways in hepatocytes. The cause(s) of these alterations could not be conclusively established but, since the GM soybean used is tolerant to glyphosate and was treated with the glyphosate-containing herbicide Roundup , the possibility exists that the effects observed may be due to herbicide residues. In order to verify this hypothesis, we treated HTC cells with 1-10mM Roundup and analysed cellular features by flow cytometry, fluorescence and electron microscopy. Under these experimental conditions, the death rate and the general morphology of HTC cells were not affected, as well as most of the cytoplasmic organelles. However, in HTC-treated cells, lysosome density increased and mitochondrial membranes modified indicating a decline in the respiratory activity. Moreover, nuclei underwent morpho-functional modifications suggestive of a decreased transcriptional/splicing activity. Although we cannot exclude that other factors than the presence of the herbicide residues could be responsible for the cellular modifications described in GM-fed mice, the concordance of the effects induced by low concentrations of Roundup on HTC cells suggests that the presence of Roundup residues could be one of the factors interfering with multiple metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Malatesta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Morfologico-Biomediche, Sezione di Anatomia e Istologia, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134 Verona, Italy.
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Sheval EV, Kazhura YI, Poleshuk NA, Lazareva EM, Smirnova EA, Maximova NP, Polyakov VY. Trifluralin-induced disorganization of microtubular cytoskeleton alters the development of roots in Hordeum vulgare L. ACTA BIOLOGICA HUNGARICA 2008; 59:465-78. [PMID: 19133502 DOI: 10.1556/abiol.59.2008.4.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The extensive use of herbicides in agriculture becomes an important factor in environmental pollution, especially in case of slowly degradable compounds. Some agents act on plants during a long period of time, even if a very low concentration of the herbicide remains in the soil. Here, we investigated the toxicological effect of a low concentration of dinitroaniline herbicide, trifluralin, on growing seedlings of Hordeum vulgare L. Trifluralin in concentration of 1 microg/ml inhibited root growth. The mitotic activity of meristematic cells was suppressed due to the retardation of metaphase progression--alteration that can be caused by cytoskeleton disorder. Using antibodies to alpha-tubulin, we investigated the distribution of microtubules in root meristem cells. During all stages of mitosis, the highly regular system of microtubular cytoskeleton observed in control cells was slightly disorganized. An examination of root structure using light and electron microscopy demonstrated that the cell walls did not form normally during cell division that led to the appearance of large multinucleated cells. Also, the premature (pathological) cell differentiation was induced by trifluralin. A part of differentiating cells showed intracellular structural changes that are consistent with programmed cell death. It seems that the development of alterations in trifluralin-treated roots was due to the microtubular cytoskeleton disorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Sheval
- Department of Electron Microscopy, A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russia.
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