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Pan L, Boldogh I. The potential for OGG1 inhibition to be a therapeutic strategy for pulmonary diseases. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2024; 28:117-130. [PMID: 38344773 PMCID: PMC11111349 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2317900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pulmonary diseases impose a daunting burden on healthcare systems and societies. Current treatment approaches primarily address symptoms, underscoring the urgency for the development of innovative pharmaceutical solutions. A noteworthy focus lies in targeting enzymes recognizing oxidatively modified DNA bases within gene regulatory elements, given their pivotal role in governing gene expression. AREAS COVERED This review delves into the intricate interplay between the substrate-specific binding of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1) and epigenetic regulation, with a focal point on elucidating the molecular underpinnings and their biological implications. The absence of OGG1 distinctly attenuates the binding of transcription factors to cis elements, thereby modulating pro-inflammatory or pro-fibrotic transcriptional activity. Through a synergy of experimental insights gained from cell culture studies and murine models, utilizing prototype OGG1 inhibitors (O8, TH5487, and SU0268), a promising panorama emerges. These investigations underscore the absence of cytotoxicity and the establishment of a favorable tolerance profile for these OGG1 inhibitors. EXPERT OPINION Thus, the strategic targeting of the active site pocket of OGG1 through the application of small molecules introduces an innovative trajectory for advancing redox medicine. This approach holds particular significance in the context of pulmonary diseases, offering a refined avenue for their management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Pan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, USA
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, USA
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2
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Pan L, Vlahopoulos S, Tanner L, Bergwik J, Bacsi A, Radak Z, Egesten A, Ba X, Brasier AR, Boldogh I. Substrate-specific binding of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1) reprograms mucosal adaptations to chronic airway injury. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1186369. [PMID: 37614238 PMCID: PMC10442650 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1186369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances have uncovered the non-random distribution of 7, 8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoGua) induced by reactive oxygen species, which is believed to have epigenetic effects. Its cognate repair protein, 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1), reads oxidative substrates and participates in transcriptional initiation. When redox signaling is activated in small airway epithelial cells, the DNA repair function of OGG1 is repurposed to transmit acute inflammatory signals accompanied by cell state transitions and modification of the extracellular matrix. Epithelial-mesenchymal and epithelial-immune interactions act cooperatively to establish a local niche that instructs the mucosal immune landscape. If the transitional cell state governed by OGG1 remains responsive to inflammatory mediators instead of differentiation, the collateral damage provides positive feedback to inflammation, ascribing inflammatory remodeling to one of the drivers in chronic pathologies. In this review, we discuss the substrate-specific read through OGG1 has evolved in regulating the innate immune response, controlling adaptations of the airway to environmental and inflammatory injury, with a focus on the reader function of OGG1 in initiation and progression of epithelial to mesenchymal transitions in chronic pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Pan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Spiros Vlahopoulos
- Horemeio Research Laboratory, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Lloyd Tanner
- Respiratory Medicine, Allergology & Palliative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jesper Bergwik
- Respiratory Medicine, Allergology & Palliative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Attila Bacsi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Radak
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Arne Egesten
- Respiratory Medicine, Allergology & Palliative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Xueqing Ba
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Allan R. Brasier
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health (SMPH), Madison, WI, United States
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
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Zhan Q, Miao L, Zhao J, Hu H, Cui H, Jin S, Xie J, Qian D, Ma R. Effect of copper sulphate on Cryptocaryon irritans based on metabolome analysis. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2023; 46:347-356. [PMID: 36651652 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cryptocaryon irritans is one of the most harmful marine parasites in mariculture. Copper sulphate is often used to kill parasites and the influence of copper sulphate on the tomont stage of C. irritans was explored in this study. The results showed that excystment rate was not significantly affected when tomonts were exposed to 5 mg/L (76.7%) and 10 mg/L (78.9%) of copper sulphate for 3 h. However, excystment rate was significantly inhibited when exposed to 15 mg/L (33.3%) for 3 h and 5 mg/L (28.9%), 10 mg/L (33.3%) and 15 mg/L (33.3%) for 6 h. After treatment with high concentrations of copper sulphate, the interior of the tomonts was fuzzy under the microscope, and the division process could not be observed. Metabolomic results combined with preliminary transcriptome analysis results showed that the tomonts were induced to produce linoleate, riboflavin, inositol and other substances under the stress of Cu2+ , which affected the antioxidant mechanism of the body. Using MDA content determination and antioxidant enzyme activity analysis, copper sulphate was found to cause oxidative damage to tomonts by affecting the generation of metabolites, leading to the death of tomonts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanjun Zhan
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Liang Miao
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Haojie Hu
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Hao Cui
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shan Jin
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiasong Xie
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Dong Qian
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Rongrong Ma
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Antioxidant Activity, Metal Chelating Ability and DNA Protective Effect of the Hydroethanolic Extracts of Crocus sativus Stigmas, Tepals and Leaves. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050932. [PMID: 35624796 PMCID: PMC9137568 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the antioxidant activity, metal chelating ability and genoprotective effect of the hydroethanolic extracts of Crocus sativus stigmas (STG), tepals (TPL) and leaves (LV). We evaluated the antioxidant and metal (Fe2+ and Cu2+) chelating activities of the stigmas, tepals and leaves of C. sativus. Similarly, we examined the genotoxic and DNA protective effect of these parts on rat leukocytes by comet assay. The results showed that TPL contains the best polyphenol content (64.66 µg GA eq/mg extract). The highest radical scavenging activity is shown by the TPL (DPPH radical scavenging activity: IC50 = 80.73 µg/mL). The same extracts gave a better ferric reducing power at a dose of 50 µg/mL, and better protective activity against β-carotene degradation (39.31% of oxidized β-carotene at a 100 µg/mL dose). In addition, they showed a good chelating ability of Fe2+ (48.7% at a 500 µg/mL dose) and Cu2+ (85.02% at a dose of 500 µg/mL). Thus, the antioxidant activity and metal chelating ability in the C. sativus plant is important, and it varies according to the part and dose used. In addition, pretreatment with STG, TPL and LV significantly (p < 0.001) protected rat leukocytes against the elevation of percent DNA in the tail, tail length and tail moment in streptozotocin- and alloxan-induced DNA damage. These results suggest that C. sativus by-products contain natural antioxidant, metal chelating and DNA protective compounds, which are capable of reducing the risk of cancer and other diseases associated with daily exposure to genotoxic xenobiotics.
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Effect of photobiomodulation on ischemia/reperfusion-induced renal damage in diabetic rats. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 31:1943-1948. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-2073-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Ramesh B, Sainath S, Karuna R, Sreenivasa Reddy S, Manjunatha B, Sudhakara G, Sasi Bhusana Rao B, Saralakumari D. Effect of Commiphora mukul gum resin on hepatic and renal marker enzymes, lipid peroxidation and antioxidants status in pancreas and heart in fructose fed insulin resistant rats. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjbas.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Mostafalou S, Baeeri M, Bahadar H, Soltany-Rezaee-Rad M, Gholami M, Abdollahi M. Molecular mechanisms involved in lead induced disruption of hepatic and pancreatic glucose metabolism. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 39:16-26. [PMID: 25434758 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a toxic heavy metal known to be associated with pathology of various human chronic diseases. This study has focused on the effect of lead on glucose homeostasis with regard to metabolic function of pancreas and liver. Islets of Langerhans were isolated from the pancreas of rats and exposed to lead for 24h, then insulin release along with markers of ER stress and oxidative stress were evaluated. In another part, lead was administered to rats for 32 days and after evaluating criteria of diabetes, the activity of gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis enzymes, and markers of oxidative stress and inflammation were measured in the liver. Lead disrupted insulin secretory function of islets through activating GSK-3β and ER stress, and increased activity of gluconeogenic enzymes in the liver featured by glucose intolerance. Chronic exposure to lead can disrupt glucose homeostasis by affecting pancreas and liver mainly through induction of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mostafalou
- School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran; Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Baeeri
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haji Bahadar
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soltany-Rezaee-Rad
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Gholami
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Lasram MM, Dhouib IB, Bouzid K, Lamine AJ, Annabi A, Belhadjhmida N, Ahmed MB, Fazaa SE, Abdelmoula J, Gharbi N. Association of inflammatory response and oxidative injury in the pathogenesis of liver steatosis and insulin resistance following subchronic exposure to malathion in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 38:542-53. [PMID: 25180440 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance and risk of type 2 diabetes are the most important complications following exposure to organophosphorous (OPs) pesticides. Regarding the importance of liver on metabolic pathways regulation, in particular blood glucose homeostasis, we focused on liver inflammation and oxidative damages in a subchronic model of toxicity by malathion. Adult male Wistar rats of body weight 200-250g were used for the study. Malathion (200mg/kg b.w./day) was administered to rats by oral intubation for 28 days. Glycemic and insulin resistance indices, markers of liver injury, markers of inflammation and oxidative stress were assessed. Malathion-treated rats showed increased glycemia, insulinemia and glycated hemoglobin level, HOMA-IR and HOMA-β indices, plasma activities of hepatocellular enzymes, lipid peroxidation index, CD3(+)/CD4(+) and CD3(+)/CD4(+) and pro-inflammatory cytokines when decreased antioxidant status in liver was noted. Most of our study indicates that malathion promotes insulin resistance, inflammation and Hepatosteatosis in subchronic model of exposure. On the basis of biochemical and molecular findings, it is concluded that insulin resistance induced by malathion occurs through oxidative stress and related pro-inflammatory markers in a way to result in a reduced function of insulin in liver cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Montassar Lasram
- Laboratory of Aggression Physiology and Endocrine Metabolic Studies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Ines Bini Dhouib
- Laboratory of Aggression Physiology and Endocrine Metabolic Studies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Tunis, Tunisia; Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Kahna Bouzid
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Aicha Jrad Lamine
- Laboratory of Aggression Physiology and Endocrine Metabolic Studies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Alya Annabi
- Laboratory of Aggression Physiology and Endocrine Metabolic Studies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nadia Belhadjhmida
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Malika Ben Ahmed
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Saloua El Fazaa
- Laboratory of Aggression Physiology and Endocrine Metabolic Studies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Jaouida Abdelmoula
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Najoua Gharbi
- Laboratory of Aggression Physiology and Endocrine Metabolic Studies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Tunis, Tunisia.
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Lee HJ, Kang MH. Effect of the magnetized water supplementation on blood glucose, lymphocyte DNA damage, antioxidant status, and lipid profiles in STZ-induced rats. Nutr Res Pract 2013; 7:34-42. [PMID: 23423956 PMCID: PMC3572224 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2013.7.1.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Revised: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of magnetized water supplementation on blood glucose, DNA damage, antioxidant status, and lipid profiles in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. There were three groups of 4-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats used in the study: control group (normal control group without diabetes); diabetes group (STZ-induced diabetes control); and magnetized water group (magnetized water supplemented after the induction of diabetes using STZ). Before initiating the study, diabetes was confirmed by measuring fasting blood glucose (FBS > 200 dl), and the magnetized water group received magnetized water for 8 weeks instead of general water. After 8 weeks, rats were sacrificed to measure the fasting blood glucose, insulin concentration, glycated hemoglobin level, degree of DNA damage, antioxidant status, and lipid profiles. From the fourth week of magnetized water supplementation, blood glucose was decreased in the magnetized water group compared to the diabetes group, and such effect continued to the 8th week. The glycated hemoglobin content in the blood was increased in the diabetes group compared to the control group, but decreased significantly in the magnetized water group. However, decreased plasma insulin level due to induced diabetes was not increased by magnetized water supplementation. Increased blood and liver DNA damages in diabetes rats did significantly decrease after the administration of magnetized water. In addition, antioxidant enzyme activities and plasma lipid profiles were not different among the three groups. In conclusion, the supplementation of magnetized water not only decreased the blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels but also reduced blood and liver DNA damages in STZ-induced diabetic rats. From the above results, it is suggested that the long-term intake of the magnetized water over 8 weeks may be beneficial in both prevention and treatment of complications in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jin Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daedeok Valley Campus, Hannam University, 461-6 Jeonmin-dong, Yuseng-gu, Deajeon 305-811, Korea
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Mostafalou S, Eghbal MA, Nili-Ahmadabadi A, Baeeri M, Abdollahi M. Biochemical evidence on the potential role of organophosphates in hepatic glucose metabolism toward insulin resistance through inflammatory signaling and free radical pathways. Toxicol Ind Health 2011; 28:840-51. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233711425073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Several studies show that organophosphate pesticides exert several effects on glucose homeostasis. The current study investigates the influence of subchronic exposure to malathion (MT) on hepatic gluconeogenesis in relation to acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) inhibition, oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the rat. MT was administered by gavage at doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg for 32 days. Fasting hyperglycemia was seen in line with an increased activity of hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, glucose 6-phosphatase and tumor necrosis factor α. In addition to the impaired glucose tolerance and inhibition of AChE in a dose-dependent manner, there were significant increases in hepatic lipid peroxidation, carbonyl groups and 8-deoxyguanosine as the biomarkers of reactive oxygen species–mediated damage to lipid, protein and DNA, respectively. Altered quality of the liver in glucose production especially gluconeogenesis could be a compensatory mechanism against MT toxicity or even result in tissue damage. MT-induced insulin resistance in the liver occurs through oxidative and inflammatory signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mostafalou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Eghbal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Nili-Ahmadabadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Baeeri
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Lim J, Sanders RA, Snyder AC, Eells JT, Henshel DS, Watkins JB. Effects of low-level light therapy on streptozotocin-induced diabetic kidney. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2010; 99:105-10. [PMID: 20356759 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2010.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2009] [Revised: 03/05/2010] [Accepted: 03/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia causes oxidative damage in tissues prone to complications in diabetes. Low-level light therapy (LLLT) in the red to near infrared range (630-1000nm) has been shown to accelerate diabetic wound healing. To test the hypothesis that LLLT would attenuate oxidative renal damage in Type I diabetic rats, male Wistar rats were made diabetic with streptozotocin (50mg/kg, ip), and then exposed to 670nm light at a dose of 9J/cm(2) once per day for 14weeks. The activity and expression of catalase and the activity of Na K-ATPase increased in kidneys of light-treated diabetic rats, whereas the activity and expression of glutathione peroxidase and the expression of Na K-ATPase were unchanged. LLLT lowered the values of serum BUN, serum creatinine, and BUN/creatinine ratio. In addition, LLLT augmented the activity and expression of cytochrome c oxidase, a primary photoacceptor molecule in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, and reduced the formation of the DNA adduct 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine in kidney. LLLT improved renal function and antioxidant defense capabilities in the kidney of Type I diabetic rats. Thus, 670nm LLLT may be broadly applicable to the amelioration of renal complications induced by diabetes that disrupt antioxidant defense mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhwan Lim
- School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, 1315 East Tenth Street, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States
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Genereux JC, Boal AK, Barton JK. DNA-mediated charge transport in redox sensing and signaling. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:891-905. [PMID: 20047321 PMCID: PMC2902267 DOI: 10.1021/ja907669c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The transport of charge through the DNA base-pair stack offers a route to carry out redox chemistry at a distance. Here we describe characteristics of this chemistry that have been elucidated and how this chemistry may be utilized within the cell. The shallow distance dependence associated with these redox reactions permits DNA-mediated signaling over long molecular distances in the genome and facilitates the activation of redox-sensitive transcription factors globally in response to oxidative stress. The long-range funneling of oxidative damage to sites of low oxidation potential in the genome also may provide a means of protection within the cell. Furthermore, the sensitivity of DNA charge transport to perturbations in base-pair stacking, as may arise with base lesions and mismatches, may be used as a route to scan the genome for damage as a first step in DNA repair. Thus, the ability of double-helical DNA in mediating redox chemistry at a distance provides a natural mechanism for redox sensing and signaling in the genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph C. Genereux
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125,
| | - Amie K. Boal
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125,
| | - Jacqueline K. Barton
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125,
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Zhang X, Nakajima T, Kamijo Y, Li G, Hu R, Kannagi R, Kyogashima M, Aoyama T, Hara A. Acute kidney injury induced by protein-overload nephropathy down-regulates gene expression of hepatic cerebroside sulfotransferase in mice, resulting in reduction of liver and serum sulfatides. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 390:1382-8. [PMID: 19895791 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.10.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2009] [Accepted: 10/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Sulfatides, possible antithrombotic factors belonging to sphingoglycolipids, are widely distributed in mammalian tissues and serum. We recently found that the level of serum sulfatides was significantly lower in hemodialysis patients than that in normal subjects, and that the serum level closely correlated to the incidence of cardiovascular disease. These findings suggest a relationship between the level of serum sulfatides and kidney function; however, the molecular mechanism underlying this relationship remains unclear. In the present study, the influence of kidney dysfunction on the metabolism of sulfatides was examined using an established murine model of acute kidney injury, protein-overload nephropathy in mice. Protein-overload treatment caused severe proximal tubular injuries within 4days, and this treatment obviously decreased both serum and hepatic sulfatide levels. The sphingoid composition of serum sulfatides was very similar to that of hepatic ones at each time point, suggesting that the serum sulfatide level is dependent on the hepatic secretory ability of sulfatides. The treatment also decreased hepatic expression of cerebroside sulfotransferase (CST), a key enzyme in sulfatide metabolism, while it scarcely influenced the expression of the other sulfatide-metabolizing enzymes, including arylsulfatase A, ceramide galactosyltransferase, and galactosylceramidase. Pro-inflammatory responses were not detected in the liver of these mice; however, potential oxidative stress was increased. These results suggest that down-regulation of hepatic CST expression, probably affected by oxidative stress from kidney injury, causes reduction in liver and serum sulfatide levels. This novel mechanism, indicating the crosstalk between kidney injury and specific liver function, may prove useful for helping to understand the situation where human hemodialysis patients have low levels of serum sulfatides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute on Aging and Adaptation, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
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Ku YP, Jin M, Kim KH, Ahn YJ, Yoon SP, You HJ, Chang IY. Immunolocalization of 8-OHdG and OGG1 in pancreatic islets of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Acta Histochem 2009; 111:138-44. [PMID: 18676009 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2008.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2008] [Revised: 05/09/2008] [Accepted: 05/21/2008] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study examined whether oxidative DNA damage and its repair system contribute to the occurrence of diabetes in an experimental rat model. The changed morphological findings of the 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and 8-oxoG-DNA glycosylase (OGG1) were examined in the pancreatic islets in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (60 mg/kg, i.p.). The patterns of immunolocalization were mainly observed in the periphery of the normal pancreatic islet: 8-OHdG in the nucleus and OGG1 in the cytoplasm. The altered immunolocalization of 8-OHdG and OGG1 were greatest in the first hours after streptozotocin injection, and then declined in parallel with the morphological observations of pancreatic beta cell destruction. These results suggested that increased oxidative DNA damage might play a role as the inducer of diabetes and that OGG1 may not successfully mediate DNA repair in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat pancreas.
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DNA oxidation and superoxide dismutase in the kidney of diabetic animals: effects of pioglitazone and repaglinide. Open Life Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.2478/s11535-006-0031-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIn the present study, DNA oxidative damage was elevated and superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD) metabolism was disturbed in the kidney of alloxan-induced diabetic animals. The effects of pioglitazone and repaglinide, new oral antidiabetics, on 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and Cu,Zn-SOD were studied. Diabetic versus control levels (mean ± SE) of 8-OHdG were 24.9 ± 0.2 vs. 21.8 ± 0.1 and 21.5 ± 0.2 vs 20.1 ± 0.2 pmol/µg DNA after 4 and 8 weeks, respectively. At p<0.05, pioglitazone diminished this parameter in diabetic animals (22.0 ± 0.2 and 20.1 ± 0.3 pmol/µg DNA). The level was not affected in diabetic groups receiving repaglinide (24.9 ± 0.2 and 21.5 ± 0.3 pmol/µg DNA). In diabetic kidney, Cu,Zn-SOD mRNA was diminished relative to control animals and was modulated by pioglitazone and repaglinide treatments. Simultaneously, Cu,Zn-SOD activity was also diminished (1.5 ± 0.2 vs. 2.8 ± 0.3 and 1.8 ± 0.1 vs 2.9 ± 0.3 U/mg protein after 4 and 8 weeks, respectively) and partly changed after pioglitazone (2.1 ± 0.4 and 2.3 ± 0.3 U/mg protein) and repaglinide (2.0 ± 0.1 and 2.4 ± 0.2 U/mg protein). These results suggest that a reduction in oxidative stress in diabetic kidney can be achieved with the administration of pioglitazone and to some extent using repaglinide treatment.
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Abstract
1. Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidative and glycative stress is enhanced in diabetes. Oxidative stress induces DNA damage. In the present study, we assessed the 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) content of DNA, an indicator of oxidative DNA damage, in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic (n = 21) and control rats (n = 18). 2. Rats were rendered diabetic by intraperitoneal administration of STZ at a dose of 65 mg/kg. Glucose was determined by glucose oxidase and glycated haemoglobin (GHb), an indicator of glycative stress, was determined by agarose-boronate affinity chromatography. 8-Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine within the DNA (ratio of 8-oxodG to deoxyguanosine (dG)) was assessed by HPLC in conjunction with both electrochemical (8-oxodG) and diode array (dG) detection. 3. Glucose, GHb and the extent of oxidative DNA damage in the liver of STZ-diabetic rats were much higher compared with control rats. There was a correlation between GHb and 8-oxodG/10(5) dG levels in control (r = 0.756, P < 0.001) and diabetic groups (r = 0.468, 0.02 < P < 0.05). 4. These results clearly show that oxidative damage to hepatic nuclear DNA increases in the diabetic state and that this increase is correlated with glycative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülnur Andican
- Department of Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Chou WC, Chen HY, Yu SL, Cheng L, Yang PC, Dang CV. Arsenic suppresses gene expression in promyelocytic leukemia cells partly through Sp1 oxidation. Blood 2005; 106:304-10. [PMID: 15761015 PMCID: PMC1895131 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2005-01-0241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism by which arsenic dramatically affects gene expression remains poorly understood. Here we report that prolonged exposure of acute promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cells to low levels of arsenic trioxide increased the expression of a set of genes responsible for reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. We hypothesize that arsenic-induced ROS in turn contribute partially to altered gene expression. To identify genes responsive to arsenic-induced ROS, we used microarray gene expression analysis and identified genes that responded to arsenic and hydrogen peroxide but whose response to arsenic was reversed by an ROS scavenger, N-acetyl-L-cysteine. We found that 26% of the genes significantly responsive to arsenic might have been directly altered by ROS. We further explored the mechanisms by which ROS affects gene regulation and found that the Sp1 transcription factor was oxidized by arsenic treatment, with a corresponding decrease in its in situ binding on the promoters of 3 genes, hTERT, C17, and c-Myc, whose expressions were significantly suppressed. We conclude that ROS contributed partly to arsenic-mediated gene regulation and that Sp1 oxidation contributed to gene suppression by arsenic-induced ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chien Chou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital,
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18
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Evans MD, Cooke MS. Factors contributing to the outcome of oxidative damage to nucleic acids. Bioessays 2004; 26:533-42. [PMID: 15112233 DOI: 10.1002/bies.20027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative damage to DNA appears to be a factor in cancer, yet explanations for why highly elevated levels of such lesions do not always result in cancer remain elusive. Much of the genome is non-coding and lesions in these regions might be expected to have little biological effect, an inference supported by observations that there is preferential repair of coding sequences. RNA has an important coding function in protein synthesis, and yet the consequences of RNA oxidation are largely unknown. Some non-coding nucleic acid is functional, e.g. promoters, and damage to these sequences may well have biological consequences. Similarly, oxidative damage to DNA may promote microsatellite instability, inhibit methylation and accelerate telomere shortening. DNA repair appears pivotal to the maintenance of genome integrity, and genetic alterations in repair capacity, due to single nucleotide polymorphisms or mutation, may account for inter-individual differences in cancer susceptibility. This review will survey these aspects of oxidative damage to nucleic acids and their implication for disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Evans
- Genome Instability Group, Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester, UK.
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Busserolles J, Zimowska W, Rock E, Rayssiguier Y, Mazur A. Rats fed a high sucrose diet have altered heart antioxidant enzyme activity and gene expression. Life Sci 2002; 71:1303-12. [PMID: 12106595 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(02)01846-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Several studies in human and animal models have shown that consumption of fructose facilitates oxidative damage but the mechanisms involved are unclear. In this study, the effects of two weeks of high sucrose on both oxidative stress parameters and stress-related gene expression, using a cDNA array, were investigated in rat heart. Both increased TBARS and lower Cu-Zn-SOD activity were found in heart from high sucrose fed rats compared to rats on a starch diet. Higher plasma NO level was also found in the high sucrose group, corroborating the pro-oxidant effect of fructose. The Cu-Zn-SOD mRNA level was also greater in the high sucrose group; the Mn-SOD, GPX and catalase were not different between the two groups. Increased HSP70 and decreased COMT genes expression were observed, underlying the hypertensive effect of dietary fructose. These findings confirm the pro-oxidant effect of high sucrose feeding to rats and highlight the NO/O(2)(*-) balance importance in oxidative homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Busserolles
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne, Unité des Maladies Métaboliques et Micronutriments, INRA, Theix, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
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Hofer T, Möller L. Optimization of the workup procedure for the analysis of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine with electrochemical detection. Chem Res Toxicol 2002; 15:426-32. [PMID: 11896691 DOI: 10.1021/tx015573j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The artifactual generation of the biomarker for oxidative stress, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), during the workup procedure for its analysis is a difficult problem to solve, and the responsible factors are unclear. Here, peroxide removal and other antioxidant procedures during workup were compared using a limited amount of rat liver (50 mg) as starting material, with subsequent hydrolysis of 50 microg of DNA. A cold (0 degrees C) high salt GTC (4 M guanidine thiocyanate) nonphenol DNA extraction method was developed where DNA is quickly isolated. GSH (reduced glutathione) generated artifactual formation of 8-oxodG during the workup procedure, whereas H(2)O(2) removal using catalase, Fe(3+) removal and passivation using desferal, peroxide removal using glutathione peroxidase, ebselen and a peroxidase mimic lowered the 8-oxodG levels, all identifying peroxides as the responsible oxidants. Desferal was more protective when excluding Mg(2+) and Ca(2+) from buffers but was found to disturb the electrochemical detector when repeatedly injected five to six times, even at 100 microM. Addition of the OH(*) scavenger ethanol in all steps at 2% v/v had no protective effect. Zn(2+) was found necessary for efficient DNA hydrolysis using nuclease P(1), which was poor below 37 degrees C. Use of water substitutes was tested but inhibited DNA hydrolysis completely. H(2)(18)O could, however, work for mass spectrometry methods. Long-term (38 days) storage of 0.5% v/v Triton X-100 generated more 8-oxodG than Tween 20 when incubated with free dG. The cold GTC DNA extraction method was used for analysis of freshly isolated human lymphocytes/monocytes from 60 healthy men using catalase and TEMPO as antioxidants, giving a background level of 0.074 +/- 0.027 8-oxodG/10(5) dG (or 16 8-oxodG/10(8) nucleotides or 1943 8-oxodG/nuclei) which is probably the lowest value obtained yet. No increase with age was seen. Oxidation of dG to 8-oxodG during workup was found to fit a mathematically defined curve, and a calculated background level of 0.047 8-oxodG/10(5) dG was obtained. To obtain more reliable results it is recommended that control samples are included during the workup procedure, having an equal amount of cells (or DNA) as the exposed samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Hofer
- Unit for Analytical Toxicology, Department of Biosciences, Karolinska Institute, 141 57 Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
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