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Azizi-Dargahlou S, Pouresmaeil M, Ahmadabadi M. Tobacco Plant: A Novel and Promising Heterologous Bioreactor for the Production of Recombinant Bovine Chymosin. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-023-01043-z. [PMID: 38244177 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-01043-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
The natural source of chymosin, a key enzyme in the dairy industry, is insufficient for rapidly growing cheese industries. Large-scale production of recombinant proteins in heterologous hosts provides an efficient alternative solution. Here, the codon-optimized synthetic prochymosin gene, which has a CAI index of 0.926, was subcloned from a cloning vector (pUC57-bCYM) into the pBI121 vector, resulting in the construct named pBI121-bCYM. CAI ranges from 0 to 1 and higher CAI improves gene expression in heterologous hosts. The overexpression of the prochymosin gene was under the control of constitutive CaMV 35S promoter and NOS terminator and was transferred into the tobacco via A. tumefaciens strain LBA4404. Explant type, regeneration method, inoculation temperature, cell density (OD600) of Agrobacterium for inoculation, and acetosyringone concentration were leaf explants, direct somatic embryogenesis, 19 °C, 0.1, and 100 µM, respectively. The successful integration and expression of the prochymosin gene, along with the bioactivity of recombinant chymosin, were confirmed by PCR, RT-PCR, and milk coagulation assay, respectively. Overall, this study reports the first successful overexpression of the codon-optimized prochymosin form of the bovine chymosin enzyme in the tobacco via indirect transformation. Production of recombinant bovine chymosin in plants can be an easy-to-scale-up, safe, and inexpensive platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnam Azizi-Dargahlou
- Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
| | - Mahin Pouresmaeil
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabi, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ahmadabadi
- Department of Biotechnology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
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Zhang Y, Ru Y, Shi Z, Wang H, Zhang J, Wu J, Pang H, Feng H. Effects of different light conditions on transient expression and biomass in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220732. [PMID: 37854318 PMCID: PMC10579877 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In the process of the production of recombinant proteins by using an Agrobacterium-mediated transient gene expression system, the effectiveness of the control of light conditions pre- and post-agroinfiltration on efficiency of transient expression is worth being evaluated. In this study, Nicotiana benthamiana plants were used as a bioreactor to investigate the effects of different light conditions pre- and post-agroinfiltration on the transient expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP). The results showed that the plants grown under light condition for 5 weeks had the highest level of transient expression among those grown for 4-8 weeks. In the pre-agroinfiltration, the level of transient expression of GFP was obviously decreased by the increase in light intensity or by the shortening of the photoperiod. Although the shortening of the photoperiod post-agroinfiltration also decreased the level of transient expression, moderate light intensity post-agroinfiltration was needed for higher level of transient expression efficiency. However, there was no strong correlation between the transient expression efficiency and plant growth. The results suggested that light condition was an important factor affecting the level of transient expression in plants. Hence, light conditions should be optimized to obtain higher productivity of recombinant protein from transient expression systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejing Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Yi Ru
- Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou730046, Gansu, China
| | - Zhenzhen Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Hanqi Wang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
- New Rural Development Research Institute, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Jianping Wu
- New Rural Development Research Institute, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Hailong Pang
- New Rural Development Research Institute, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Hanqing Feng
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
- New Rural Development Research Institute, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
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Jomrit J, Suhardi S, Summpunn P. Effects of Signal Peptide and Chaperone Co-Expression on Heterologous Protein Production in Escherichia coli. Molecules 2023; 28:5594. [PMID: 37513466 PMCID: PMC10384211 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Various host systems have been employed to increase the yield of recombinant proteins. However, some recombinant proteins were successfully produced at high yields but with no functional activities. To achieve both high protein yield and high activities, molecular biological strategies have been continuously developed. This work describes the effect of signal peptide (SP) and co-expression of molecular chaperones on the production of active recombinant protein in Escherichia coli. Extracellular enzymes from Bacillus subtilis, including β-1,4-xylanase, β-1,4-glucanase, and β-mannanase constructed with and without their signal peptides and intracellular enzymes from Pseudomonas stutzeri ST201, including benzoylformate decarboxylase (BFDC), benzaldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH), and d-phenylglycine aminotransferase (d-PhgAT) were cloned and overexpressed in E. coli BL21(DE3). Co-expression of molecular chaperones with all enzymes studied was also investigated. Yields of β-1,4-xylanase (Xyn), β-1,4-glucanase (Cel), and β-mannanase (Man), when constructed without their N-terminal signal peptides, increased 1112.61-, 1.75-, and 1.12-fold, respectively, compared to those of spXyn, spCel, and spMan, when constructed with their signal peptides. For the natural intracellular enzymes, the chaperones, GroEL-GroES complex, increased yields of active BFDC, BADH, and d-PhgAT, up to 1.31-, 4.94- and 37.93-fold, respectively, and also increased yields of Man and Xyn up to 1.53- and 3.46-fold, respectively, while other chaperones including DnaK-DnaJ-GrpE and Trigger factor (Tf) showed variable effects with these enzymes. This study successfully cloned and overexpressed extracellular and intracellular enzymes in E. coli BL21(DE3). When the signal peptide regions of the secretory enzymes were removed, yields of active enzymes were higher than those with intact signal peptides. In addition, a higher yield of active enzymes was obtained, in general, when these enzymes were co-expressed with appropriate chaperones. Therefore, E. coli can produce cytoplasmic and secretory enzymes effectively if only the enzyme coding sequence without its signal peptide is used and appropriate chaperones are co-expressed to assist in correct folding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntratip Jomrit
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Suhardi Suhardi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Mulawarman University, Samarinda 75123, Indonesia
| | - Pijug Summpunn
- Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, School of Agricultural Technology and Food industry, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
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Sethi L, Kumari K, Dey N. Engineering of Plants for Efficient Production of Therapeutics. Mol Biotechnol 2021; 63:1125-1137. [PMID: 34398446 PMCID: PMC8365136 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-021-00381-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Plants are becoming useful platforms for recombinant protein production at present time. With the advancement of efficient molecular tools of genomics, proteomics, plants are now being used as a biofactory for production of different life saving therapeutics. Plant-based biofactory is an established production system with the benefits of cost-effectiveness, high scalability, rapid production, enabling post-translational modification, and being devoid of harmful pathogens contamination. This review introduces the main challenges faced by plant expression system: post-translational modifications, protein stability, biosafety concern and regulation. It also summarizes essential factors to be considered in engineering plants, including plant expression system, promoter, post-translational modification, codon optimization, and fusion tags, protein stabilization and purification, subcellular targeting, and making vaccines in an edible way. This review will be beneficial and informative to scholars and readers in the field of plant biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lini Sethi
- Division of Plant and Microbial Biotechnology, Institute of Life Sciences, NALCO Square, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023 India ,Regional Centre for Biotechnology, National Capital Region Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana (NCR Delhi) 121001 India
| | - Khushbu Kumari
- Division of Plant and Microbial Biotechnology, Institute of Life Sciences, NALCO Square, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023 India ,Regional Centre for Biotechnology, National Capital Region Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana (NCR Delhi) 121001 India
| | - Nrisingha Dey
- Division of Plant and Microbial Biotechnology, Institute of Life Sciences, NALCO Square, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023 India
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Leite ML, Sampaio KB, Costa FF, Franco OL, Dias SC, Cunha NB. Molecular farming of antimicrobial peptides: available platforms and strategies for improving protein biosynthesis using modified virus vectors. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2018; 91:e20180124. [PMID: 30365717 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201820180124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The constant demand for new antibiotic drugs has driven efforts by the scientific community to prospect for peptides with a broad spectrum of action. In this context, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have acquired great scientific importance in recent years due to their ability to possess antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activity. In the last two decades, plants have attracted the interest of the scientific community and industry as regards their potential as biofactories of heterologous proteins. One of the most promising approaches is the use of viral vectors to maximize the transient expression of drugs in the leaves of the plant Nicotiana benthamiana. Recently, the MagnifectionTM expression system was launched. This sophisticated commercial platform allows the assembly of the viral particle in leaf cells and the systemic spread of heterologous protein biosynthesis in green tissues caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens "gene delivery method". The system also presents increased gene expression levels mediated by potent viral expression machinery. These characteristics allow the mass recovery of heterologous proteins in the leaves of N. benthamiana in 8 to 10 days. This system was highly efficient for the synthesis of different classes of pharmacological proteins and contains enormous potential for the rapid and abundant biosynthesis of AMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel L Leite
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Universidade Católica de Brasília/UCB, SGAN 916, Modulo B, Bloco C, 70790-160 Brasilia, DF, Brazil
- Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Universidade Católica de Brasília/UCB, SGAN 916, Modulo B, Bloco C, 70790-160 Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Kamila B Sampaio
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Universidade Católica de Brasília/UCB, SGAN 916, Modulo B, Bloco C, 70790-160 Brasilia, DF, Brazil
- Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Universidade Católica de Brasília/UCB, SGAN 916, Modulo B, Bloco C, 70790-160 Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Fabrício F Costa
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Universidade Católica de Brasília/UCB, SGAN 916, Modulo B, Bloco C, 70790-160 Brasilia, DF, Brazil
- Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program, Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine, 60611, Chicago IL, USA
- Genomic Enterprise, 2405 N. Sheffield Av., 14088, 60614, Chicago, IL, USA
- MATTER Chicago, 222 W. Merchandise Mart Plaza, 12th Floor, 60654, Chicago, IL, USA
- The Founder Institute, 3337 El Camino Real, 94306, Palo Alto, CA USA
| | - Octávio L Franco
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Universidade Católica de Brasília/UCB, SGAN 916, Modulo B, Bloco C, 70790-160 Brasilia, DF, Brazil
- Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Universidade Católica de Brasília/UCB, SGAN 916, Modulo B, Bloco C, 70790-160 Brasilia, DF, Brazil
- S-Inova Biotech, Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Av. Tamandaré, 6000, Jardim Seminário, 79117-010 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Simoni C Dias
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Universidade Católica de Brasília/UCB, SGAN 916, Modulo B, Bloco C, 70790-160 Brasilia, DF, Brazil
- Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Universidade Católica de Brasília/UCB, SGAN 916, Modulo B, Bloco C, 70790-160 Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Nicolau B Cunha
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Universidade Católica de Brasília/UCB, SGAN 916, Modulo B, Bloco C, 70790-160 Brasilia, DF, Brazil
- Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Universidade Católica de Brasília/UCB, SGAN 916, Modulo B, Bloco C, 70790-160 Brasilia, DF, Brazil
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Kang YJ, Kim DS, Myung SC, Ko K. Expression of a Human Prostatic Acid Phosphatase (PAP)-IgM Fc Fusion Protein in Plants Using In vitro Tissue Subculture. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:274. [PMID: 28293250 PMCID: PMC5329016 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), which is overexpressed in human prostate cancer cells, was cloned to be fused to the IgM constant fragment (Fc) for enhancing immunogenicity and expressed in transgenic tobacco plants. Then, the transgenic plants were propagated by in vitro tissue subculture. Gene insertion and expression of the recombinant PAP-IgM Fc fusion protein were confirmed in each tested the first, second, and third subculture generations (SG1, SG2, and SG3, respectively). Transcription levels were constantly maintained in the SG1, SG2, and SG3 leaf section (top, middle, and base). The presence of the PAP-IgM Fc gene was also confirmed in each leaf section in all tested subculture generations. RNA expression was confirmed in all subculture generations using real-time PCR and quantitative real-time PCR. PAP-IgM Fc protein expression was confirmed in all leaves of the SG1, SG2, and SG3 recombinant transgenic plants by using quantitative western blotting and chemiluminescence immunoassays. These results demonstrate that the recombinant protein was stably expressed for several generations of in vitro subculture. Therefore, transgenic plants can be propagated using in vitro tissue subculture for the production of recombinant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang J. Kang
- Therapeutic Protein Engineering Laboratory, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul, South Korea
| | - Deuk-Su Kim
- Therapeutic Protein Engineering Laboratory, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul, South Korea
| | - Soon-Chul Myung
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul, South Korea
| | - Kisung Ko
- Therapeutic Protein Engineering Laboratory, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul, South Korea
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Yang Q, Deng M, Zhang LL, Zhang XW, Wang LN, Chen H, Ma J, Qi PF, Jiang QT, Lan XJ, Wei YM, Zheng YL. A super twin T-DNA vector that allows independent gene expression during Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Plasmid 2016; 87-88:58-64. [PMID: 27615011 DOI: 10.1016/j.plasmid.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we designed and constructed a super twin T-DNA vector (pTRIDT313-g) containing two independent T-DNA cassettes-one for the selection gene Hyg and the other for the target gene Gus-to produce marker-free transgenic lines. The resulting vector was transformed into tobacco, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis showed four types of gene combinations in the T1 and T2 generations: Gus only, Hyg only, Gus+Hyg, and untransformed lines. The intermediate region from the T-DNA of the right border of Hyg to the left border of Gus in the Hyg and Gus lines was not amplified. Genome walking confirmed that the Hyg and Gus T-DNA cassettes were independently inserted in different regions of the tobacco genome. Thus, the two T-DNA cassettes were integrated randomly as independent loci into the tobacco genome. The results of reverse transcription-PCR indicated that Hyg could normally be expressed in the roots, stems, and leaves of transgenic lines, and the resistance test showed that all Hyg transgenic lines could grow in the presence of 50mg/L hygromycin. All Gus transgenic lines showed obvious blue coloration in enzyme activity tests, indicating that the Gus gene could be normally expressed in all the lines. Therefore, the super twin T-DNA vector (pTRIDT313-g) exhibits independent integration, heredity, and normal gene function from two T-DNA cassettes. This vector could be a useful and valuable tool in the production of marker-free transgenic lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Yang
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Mei Deng
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Ling-Ling Zhang
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Zhang
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Le-Ning Wang
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Hu Chen
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Peng-Fei Qi
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Qian-Tao Jiang
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Xiu-Jin Lan
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Yu-Ming Wei
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - You-Liang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Crop Germplasm Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
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Yi S, Yang J, Huang J, Guan L, Du L, Guo Y, Zhai F, Wang Y, Lu Z, Wang L, Li H, Li X, Jiang C. Expression of bioactive recombinant human fibroblast growth factor 9 in oil bodies of Arabidopsis thaliana. Protein Expr Purif 2015; 116:127-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Peng J, Wang Y, Jiang J, Zhou X, Song L, Wang L, Ding C, Qin J, Liu L, Wang W, Liu J, Huang X, Wei H, Zhang P. Production of Human Albumin in Pigs Through CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Knockin of Human cDNA into Swine Albumin Locus in the Zygotes. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16705. [PMID: 26560187 PMCID: PMC4642324 DOI: 10.1038/srep16705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise genome modification in large domesticated animals is desirable under many circumstances. In the past it is only possible through lengthy and burdensome cloning procedures. Here we attempted to achieve that goal through the use of the newest genome-modifying tool CRISPR/Cas9. We set out to knockin human albumin cDNA into pig Alb locus for the production of recombinant human serum albumin (rHSA). HSA is a widely used human blood product and is in high demand. We show that homologous recombination can occur highly efficiently in swine zygotes. All 16 piglets born from the manipulated zygotes carry the expected knockin allele and we demonstrated the presence of human albumin in the blood of these piglets. Furthermore, the knockin allele was successfully transmitted through germline. This success in precision genomic engineering is expected to spur exploration of pigs and other large domesticated animals to be used as bioreactors for the production of biomedical products or creation of livestock strains with more desirable traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Junyi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Lei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Chen Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jun Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Liping Liu
- Department of Science and Technology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Weihua Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianqiao Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingxu Huang
- Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210061, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Pumin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China.,National Center for Protein Sciences Beijing, Life Sciences Park, Beijing 102206, China
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Putlyaev EV, Smirnov AA, Karpova OV, Atabekov JG. Double Subgenomic Promoter Control for a Target Gene Superexpression by a Plant Viral Vector. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2015; 80:1039-46. [PMID: 26547072 DOI: 10.1134/s000629791508009x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Several new deconstructed vectors based on a potexvirus genome sequence for efficient expression of heterologous proteins in plants were designed. The first obtained vector (AltMV-single), based on the Alternanthera mosaic virus (AltMV) strain MU genome, bears a typical architecture for deconstructed plant viral vectors, i.e. a triple gene block was deleted from the viral genome and the model gene of interest was placed under control of the first viral subgenomic promoter. To enhance the efficiency of expression, maintained by the AltMV-single, another vector (AltMV-double) was designed. In AltMV-double, the gene of interest was controlled by two viral subgenomic promoters located sequentially without a gap upstream of the target gene. It was found that AltMV-double provided a significantly higher level of accumulation of the target protein in plants than AltMV-single. Moreover, our data clearly show the requirement of the presence and functioning of both the subgenomic promoters for demonstrated high level of target protein expression by AltMV-double. Taken together, our results describe an additional possible way to enhance the efficiency of transient protein expression maintained in plants by a plant viral vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Putlyaev
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
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Abstract
Whereas active immunity refers to the process of exposing the individual to an antigen to generate an adaptive immune response, passive immunity refers to the transfer of antibodies from one individual to another. Passive immunity provides immediate but short-lived protection, lasting several weeks up to 3 or 4 months. Passive immunity can occur naturally, when maternal antibodies are transferred to the fetus through the placenta or from breast milk to the gut of the infant. It can also be produced artificially, when antibody preparations derived from sera or secretions of immunized donors or, more recently, different antibody producing platforms are transferred via systemic or mucosal route to nonimmune individuals. Passive immunization has recently become an attractive approach because of the emergence of new and drug-resistant microorganisms, diseases that are unresponsive to drug therapy and individuals with an impaired immune system who are unable to respond to conventional vaccines. This chapter addresses the contributions of natural and artificial acquired passive immunity in understanding the concept of passive immunization. We will mainly focus on administration of antibodies for protection against various infectious agents entering through mucosal surfaces.
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Expression of a functional recombinant oleosin-human hyaluronidase hPH-20 fusion in Arabidopsis thaliana. Protein Expr Purif 2014; 103:23-7. [PMID: 24675425 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2014.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of plants as expression systems for the production of recombinant proteins has distinct advantages, such as safety, ease, low cost and high yields. A plant binary expression vector, pOTBar-hPH20, containing an oleosin-hPH20 fusion gene and a Basta selection marker gene was constructed and introduced into Arabidopsis thaliana via the floral dip method. Transformed A. thaliana seed lines were obtained and analyzed by PCR. The PCR results indicated that oleosin-hPH20 fusion gene was integrated into the A. thaliana genome. The oleosin-hPH20 fusion protein was detected by SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis. The oleosin-hPH20 fusion protein was expressed and had good antigenicity in the transgenic A. thaliana seeds. An enzyme assay suggested that the recombinant oleosin-hPH20 fusion protein had hyaluronidase activity.
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Baranyi L, Doering CB, Denning G, Gautney RE, Harris KT, Spencer HT, Roy A, Zayed H, Dropulic B. Rapid Generation of Stable Cell Lines Expressing High Levels of Erythropoietin, Factor VIII, and an Antihuman CD20 Antibody Using Lentiviral Vectors. Hum Gene Ther Methods 2013; 24:214-27. [DOI: 10.1089/hgtb.2013.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - H. Trent Spencer
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Andre Roy
- Lentigen Corporation, Gaithersburg, MD 20878
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Lentigen Corporation, Gaithersburg, MD 20878
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18
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Deller RC, Congdon T, Sahid MA, Morgan M, Vatish M, Mitchell DA, Notman R, Gibson MI. Ice recrystallisation inhibition by polyols: comparison of molecular and macromolecular inhibitors and role of hydrophobic units. Biomater Sci 2013; 1:478-485. [DOI: 10.1039/c3bm00194f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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19
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Barbosa Viana AA, Pelegrini PB, Grossi-de-Sá MF. Plant biofarming: Novel insights for peptide expression in heterologous systems. Biopolymers 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.22089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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20
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Egelkrout E, Rajan V, Howard JA. Overproduction of recombinant proteins in plants. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 184:83-101. [PMID: 22284713 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2011.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant protein production in microbial hosts and animal cell cultures has revolutionized the pharmaceutical and industrial enzyme industries. Plants as alternative hosts for the production of recombinant proteins are being actively pursued, taking advantage of their unique characteristics. The key to cost-efficient production in any system is the level of protein accumulation, which is inversely proportional to the cost. Levels of up to 5 g/kg biomass have been obtained in plants, making this production system competitive with microbial hosts. Increasing protein accumulation at the cellular level by varying host, germplasm, location of protein accumulation, and transformation procedure is reviewed. At the molecular level increased expression by improving transcription, translation and accumulation of the protein is critically evaluated. The greatest increases in protein accumulation will occur when various optimized parameters are more fully integrated with each other. Because of the complex nature of plants, this will take more time and effort to accomplish than has been the case for the simpler unicellular systems. However the potential for plants to become one of the major avenues for protein production appears very promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Egelkrout
- Applied Biotechnology Institute, Cal Poly Technology Park, Building 83, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA
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21
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Hey C, Zhang C. Process Development for Antibody Purification from Tobacco by Protein A Affinity Chromatography. Chem Eng Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201100259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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22
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Cunha NB, Murad AM, Ramos GL, Maranhão AQ, Brígido MM, Araújo ACG, Lacorte C, Aragão FJL, Covas DT, Fontes AM, Souza GHMF, Vianna GR, Rech EL. Accumulation of functional recombinant human coagulation factor IX in transgenic soybean seeds. Transgenic Res 2011; 20:841-55. [PMID: 21069460 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-010-9461-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2010] [Accepted: 10/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The seed-based production of recombinant proteins is an efficient strategy to achieve the accumulation, correct folding, and increased stability of these recombinant proteins. Among potential plant molecular farming systems, soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] is a viable option for the production of recombinant proteins due to its high protein content, known regulatory sequences, efficient gene transfer protocols, and a scalable production system under greenhouse conditions. We report here the expression and stable accumulation of human coagulation factor IX (hFIX) in transgenic soybean seeds. A biolistic process was utilised to co-introduce a plasmid carrying the hFIX gene under the transcriptional control of the α' subunit of a β-conglycinin seed-specific promoter and an α-Coixin signal peptide in soybean embryonic axes from mature seeds. The 56-kDa hFIX protein was expressed in the transgenic seeds at levels of up to 0.23% (0.8 g kg(-1) seed) of the total soluble seed protein as determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blot. Ultrastructural immunocytochemistry assays indicated that the recombinant hFIX in seed cotyledonary cells was efficiently directed to protein storage vacuoles. Mass spectrometry characterisation confirmed the presence of the hFIX recombinant protein sequence. Protein extracts from transgenic seeds showed a blood-clotting activity of up to 1.4% of normal plasma. Our results demonstrate the correct processing and stable accumulation of functional hFIX in soybean seeds stored for 6 years under room temperature conditions (22 ± 2°C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolau B Cunha
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Parque Estação Biológica (PqEB), Av. W5 Norte, Brasília, DF 70770-917, Brazil
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23
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Cunha NB, Murad AM, Cipriano TM, Araújo ACG, Aragão FJL, Leite A, Vianna GR, McPhee TR, Souza GHMF, Waters MJ, Rech EL. Expression of functional recombinant human growth hormone in transgenic soybean seeds. Transgenic Res 2011; 20:811-26. [PMID: 21069461 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-010-9460-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2009] [Accepted: 10/24/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We produced human growth hormone (hGH), a protein that stimulates growth and cell reproduction, in genetically engineered soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] seeds. Utilising the alpha prime (α') subunit of β-conglycinin tissue-specific promoter from soybean and the α-Coixin signal peptide from Coix lacryma-jobi, we obtained transgenic soybean lines that expressed the mature form of hGH in their seeds. Expression levels of bioactive hGH up to 2.9% of the total soluble seed protein content (corresponding to approximately 9 g kg(-1)) were measured in mature dry soybean seeds. The results of ultrastructural immunocytochemistry assays indicated that the recombinant hGH in seed cotyledonary cells was efficiently directed to protein storage vacuoles. Specific bioassays demonstrated that the hGH expressed in the soybean seeds was fully active. The recombinant hGH protein sequence was confirmed by mass spectrometry characterisation. These results demonstrate that the utilisation of tissue-specific regulatory sequences is an attractive and viable option for achieving high-yield production of recombinant proteins in stable transgenic soybean seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolau B Cunha
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Parque Estação Biológica (PqEB), Av. W5 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70770-917, Brazil
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24
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Li W, Li L, Li K, Lin J, Sun X, Tang K. Expression of biologically active human insulin-like growth factor 1 in Arabidopsis thaliana seeds via oleosin fusion technology. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2011; 58:139-46. [PMID: 21679237 DOI: 10.1002/bab.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Accepted: 04/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Novel protein expression in plant-based systems has become an important tool in producing and studying therapeutic proteins. Among many plant-based systems developed so far, oleosin fusion technology is one of the most cost-effective and convenient methods. In this study, an important therapeutic protein, human insulin-like growth factor 1 (hIGF-1), was expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana seeds via this technology. The plant bias codon usage-optimized hIGF-1 gene was fused to the C-terminal of A. thaliana 18.5 kDa oleosin gene, and the fusion gene driven by an oleosin promoter was transferred into A. thaliana ecotype Col-0. The accumulation of oleosin-hIGF-1 fusion protein in transgenic seeds was up to 0.75% of total seed protein (TSP) and the expression level of hIGF-1 was 0.17% of the TSP, which was eight times higher than previously reported using other plant-based hIGF-1 production systems. The biological activity of the hIGF-1 as an oleosin-hIGF-1 fusion protein in vitro was demonstrated by using human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Morgan-Tan International Center for Life Sciences, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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25
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Expression of a staphylokinase, a thrombolytic agent in Arabidopsis thaliana. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 27:1341-7. [PMID: 25187133 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-010-0583-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2009] [Accepted: 09/20/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A gene encoding staphylokinase from Staphylococcus aureus was cloned into the plant transformation binary vector pCAMBIA 1304. The transgene was introduced into the genome of A. thaliana via in planta Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation. The presence of the staphylokinase gene was confirmed by PCR in 60% of the investigated plants. The presence of the fusion protein (119 kDa) was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis in protein extracts from putative transgenics. Furthermore, the amidolytic assay confirmed the activity of SAK in protein extracts in 23 out of 45 transgenic lines of A. thaliana plants.
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26
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Jung Y, Jung MY, Park JH, Jung GC, Hong YS, Yeom CH, Lee S. Production of human hyaluronidase in a plant-derived protein expression system: plant-based transient production of active human hyaluronidase. Protein Expr Purif 2010; 74:181-8. [PMID: 20558297 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2010.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2010] [Revised: 06/05/2010] [Accepted: 06/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Four types of human hyaluronidases (rHuHyal-1, -2, -3 and -4) were transiently expressed and purified from Nicotiana benthamiana, and their biochemical characteristics were analyzed. The recombinant HuHyals were expressed via agrobacteria-mediated infiltration and generated and expressed in terms of micrograms per 5 leaves of N. benthamiana. Expressed recombinant HuHyals were purified using a His(6) tagging system and Ni column chromatography, respectively, at pH 8.0, after which the purified rHuHyals were concentrated for additional biochemical analyses. The four types of rHuHyals were allowed to react with hyaluronic acids and chondroitin sulfates. The biochemical properties of rHuHyal-1 fit those of the commercially available Hyal, PH-20, which was extracted from animal testes under acidic conditions (pH 3.5). However, rHuHyal-1 evidenced activity levels 2 to 6-fold greater than the three other rHuHyals (rHuHyal-2, -3 and -4) at pH 3.5. However, only rHuHyal-4 exhibited chondroitinase activity with both 6-S-chondroitin sulfate (chondroitin sulfate C) and 4-S-chondroitin sulfate (chondroitin sulfate A) as standard substrates. The results of zymography demonstrated that recombinant HuHyal 1 was modified by glycosylation, but Escherichia coli Hyal was not. This result demonstrated that plant-based rHuHyal was functionally active and evidenced biochemical characteristics and post-translational protein modifications similar to those of animal testis-derived Hyal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchul Jung
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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27
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Sindarovska YR, Gerasymenko IM, Sheludko YV, Olevinskaya ZM, Spivak NY, Kuchuk NV. Production of human interferon ALPHA 2b in plants of Nicotiana excelsior by Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression. CYTOL GENET+ 2010. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452710050099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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28
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Padilla S, Alvarez T, Ferro W, Guevara Y, Montero J, Gómez L, Gavilán D, Espinosa E, Avila Y, González T, Somoza R, LaO M, Valdés R. Assessment of Synthetic Protein-A MAbsorbents in Antibody Purification from Tobacco Plant Extract. Chromatographia 2010. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-010-1562-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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29
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Cunha NB, Araújo ACG, Leite A, Murad AM, Vianna GR, Rech EL. Correct targeting of proinsulin in protein storage vacuoles of transgenic soybean seeds. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2010; 9:1163-70. [PMID: 20589613 DOI: 10.4238/vol9-2gmr849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Soybean plants are promising bioreactors for the expression of biochemically complex proteins that cannot be produced in a safe and/or economically viable way in microorganisms, eukaryotic culture cells or secreted by transgenic animal glands. Soybeans present many desirable agronomic characteristics for high scale protein production, such as high productivity, short reproductive cycle, photoperiod sensitivity, and natural organs destined for protein accumulation in the seeds. The significant similarities between plant and human cells in terms of protein synthesis processes, folding, assembly, and post-translational processing are important for efficient accumulation of recombinant proteins. We obtained two transgenic lines using biolystics, incorporating the human proinsulin gene under control of the monocot tissue-specific promoter from sorghum gamma-kafirin seed storage protein gene and the alpha-coixin cotyledonary vacuolar signal peptide from Coix lacryma-jobi (Poaceae). Transgenic plants expressed the proinsulin gene and accumulated the polypeptide in mature seeds. Protein targeting to cotyledonary protein storage vacuoles was successfully achieved and confirmed with immunocytochemistry assays. The combination of different regulatory sequences was apparently responsible for high stability in protein accumulation, since human proinsulin was detected after seven years under room temperature storage conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- N B Cunha
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estação Biológica, Brasília, DF, Brasil
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30
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Sallach RE, Conticello VP, Chaikof EL. Expression of a recombinant elastin-like protein in pichia pastoris. Biotechnol Prog 2010; 25:1810-8. [PMID: 19827084 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The translation of highly repetitive gene sequences is often associated with reduced levels of protein expression and may be prone to mutational events. In this report, we describe a modified concatemerization strategy to construct a gene with enhanced sequence diversity that encodes a highly repetitive elastin-like protein polymer for expression in Pichia pastoris. Specifically, degenerate oligonucleotides were used to create a monomer library, which after concatemerization yielded a genetically nonrepetitive DNA sequence that encoded identical pentapeptide repeat sequences. By limiting genetic repetition, the risk of genetic deletions, rearrangements, or premature termination errors during protein synthesis is minimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rory E Sallach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University/Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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31
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The use of mushroom-forming fungi for the production of N-glycosylated therapeutic proteins. Trends Microbiol 2009; 17:439-43. [PMID: 19758804 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2009.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2009] [Revised: 07/13/2009] [Accepted: 07/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The market for N-glycosylated therapeutic proteins represents multi-billion dollars in sales and is growing more than 10% each year. This requires cost-effective production platforms that display correct and homogeneous N-glycosylation. Based on recent results, we propose to use mushroom-forming basidiomycetes for the production of N-glycosylated therapeutic proteins.
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32
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Tiwari S, Verma PC, Singh PK, Tuli R. Plants as bioreactors for the production of vaccine antigens. Biotechnol Adv 2009; 27:449-67. [PMID: 19356740 PMCID: PMC7126855 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2009.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2008] [Revised: 03/27/2009] [Accepted: 03/31/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Plants have been identified as promising expression systems for commercial production of vaccine antigens. In phase I clinical trials several plant-derived vaccine antigens have been found to be safe and induce sufficiently high immune response. Thus, transgenic plants, including edible plant parts are suggested as excellent alternatives for the production of vaccines and economic scale-up through cultivation. Improved understanding of plant molecular biology and consequent refinement in the genetic engineering techniques have led to designing approaches for high level expression of vaccine antigens in plants. During the last decade, several efficient plant-based expression systems have been examined and more than 100 recombinant proteins including plant-derived vaccine antigens have been expressed in different plant tissues. Estimates suggest that it may become possible to obtain antigen sufficient for vaccinating millions of individuals from one acre crop by expressing the antigen in seeds of an edible legume, like peanut or soybean. In the near future, a plethora of protein products, developed through ‘naturalized bioreactors’ may reach market. Efforts for further improvements in these technologies need to be directed mainly towards validation and applicability of plant-based standardized mucosal and edible vaccines, regulatory pharmacology, formulations and the development of commercially viable GLP protocols. This article reviews the current status of developments in the area of use of plants for the development of vaccine antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rakesh Tuli
- Corresponding author. National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow-226001 (U.P.) India. Tel.: +91 522 2205848; fax: +91 522 2205839.
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Abstract
Vaccines consisting of transgenic plant-derived antigens offer a new strategy for development of safe, inexpensive vaccines. The vaccine antigens can be eaten with the edible part of the plant or purified from plant material. In phase 1 clinical studies of prototype potato- and corn-based vaccines, these vaccines have been safe and immunogenic without the need for a buffer or vehicle other than the plant cell. Transgenic plant technology is attractive for vaccine development because these vaccines are needle-less, stable, and easy to administer. This chapter examines some early human studies of oral transgenic plant-derived vaccines against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection, norovirus, and hepatitis B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Karasev
- grid.266456.50000000122849900Department of Plant, Soil & Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-2339 USA
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Gitzinger M, Parsons J, Reski R, Fussenegger M. Functional cross-kingdom conservation of mammalian and moss (Physcomitrella patens) transcription, translation and secretion machineries. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2009; 7:73-86. [PMID: 19021876 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2008.00376.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Plants and mammals are separated by a huge evolutionary distance. Consequently, biotechnology and genetics have traditionally been divided into 'green' and 'red'. Here, we provide comprehensive evidence that key components of the mammalian transcription, translation and secretion machineries are functional in the model plant Physcomitrella patens. Cross-kingdom compatibility of different expression modalities originally designed for mammalian cells, such as native and synthetic promoters and polyadenylation sites, viral and cellular internal ribosome entry sites, secretion signal peptides and secreted product proteins, and synthetic transactivators and transrepressors, was established. This mammalian expression portfolio enabled constitutive, conditional and autoregulated expression of different product genes in a multicistronic expression format, optionally adjusted by various trigger molecules, such as butyrolactones, macrolide antibiotics and ethanol. Capitalizing on a cross-kingdom-compatible expression platform, we pioneered a prototype biopharmaceutical manufacturing scenario using microencapsulated transgenic P. patens protoplasts cultivated in a Wave Bioreactor. Vascular endothelial growth factor 121 (VEGF(121)) titres matched those typically achieved by standard protonema populations grown in stirred-tank bioreactors. The full compatibility of mammalian expression systems in P. patens further promotes the use of moss as a cost-effective alternative for the manufacture of complex biopharmaceuticals, and as a valuable host system to advance synthetic biology in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Gitzinger
- Department for Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, HCI F115, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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35
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Karasev AV. Chloroplast-derived vaccine antigens and biopharmaceuticals: expression, folding, assembly and functionality. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2009; 332:33-54. [PMID: 19401820 PMCID: PMC2764311 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-70868-1_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chloroplast genetic engineering offers several advantages, including high levels of transgene expression, transgene containment via maternal inheritance, and multi-gene expression in a single transformation event. Oral delivery is facilitated by hyperexpression of vaccine antigens against cholera, tetanus, anthrax, plague, or canine parvovirus (4%-31% of total soluble protein, TSP) in transgenic chloroplasts (leaves) or non-green plastids (carrots, tomato) as well as the availability of antibiotic free selectable markers or the ability to excise selectable marker genes. Hyperexpression of several therapeutic proteins, including human serum albumin (11.1% TSP), somatotropin (7% TSP), interferon-alpha (19% TSP), interferon-gamma (6% TSP), and antimicrobial peptide (21.5% TSP), facilitates efficient and economic purification. Also, the presence of chaperones and enzymes in chloroplasts facilitates assembly of complex multisubunit proteins and correct folding of human blood proteins with proper disulfide bonds. Functionality of chloroplast-derived vaccine antigens and therapeutic proteins has been demonstrated by several assays, including the macrophage lysis assay, GM1-ganglioside binding assay, protection of HeLA cells or human lung carcinoma cells against encephalomyocarditis virus, systemic immune response, protection against pathogen challenge, and growth or inhibition of cell cultures. Purification of human proinsulin has been achieved using novel purification strategies (inverse temperature transition property) that do not require expensive column chromatography techniques. Thus, transgenic chloroplasts are ideal bio-reactors for production of functional human and animal therapeutic proteins in an environmentally friendly manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Karasev
- Department of Plant, Soil & Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-2339 USA
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36
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Hong SY, Lee TS, Kim J, Jung JH, Choi CW, Kim TG, Kwon TH, Jang YS, Yang MS. Tumor targeting of humanized fragment antibody secreted from transgenic rice cell suspension culture. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2008; 68:413-422. [PMID: 18670890 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-008-9379-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2008] [Accepted: 07/13/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The tumor-associated glycoprotein 72 (TAG 72) has been shown to be expressed in the majority of human adenocarcinomas. In an effort to develop a technique for the safe and inexpensive production of large quantities of anti-TAG 72 humanized antibody fragments (hzAb) as a future source of clinical-grade proteins, we developed a transgenic rice cell suspension culture system. The in vivo assembly and secretion of hzAb were achieved in a transgenic rice cell culture under the control of the rice alpha amylase 3D (RAmy 3D) expression system, and the biological activities of plant-derived hzAb were determined to be quite similar to those of animal-derived antibody. Purified hzAb was shown to bind to the recombinant antigen, TAG 72, and to bind specifically to human LS 174T colon adenocarcinoma cells expressing the TAG 72 antigen, and this binding occurred to the same extent as was seen with animal-derived antibody. Plant-derived hzAb proved as effective as animal-derived antibody in targeting tumors of xenotransplanted LS 174T cells in nude mice. The results of this study indicate that the hzAb derived from plant cell suspension cultures may have great potential for pharmaceutical applications in the development of future cancer therapeutic and diagnostic protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Young Hong
- Division of Biological Sciences, Research Institute for Bioactive Materials, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
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38
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Ribeiro CW, Soares-Costa A, Falco MC, Chabregas SM, Ulian EC, Cotrin SS, Carmona AK, Santana LA, Oliva MLV, Henrique-Silva F. Production of a His-tagged canecystatin in transgenic sugarcane and subsequent purification. Biotechnol Prog 2008; 24:1060-6. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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39
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Lisauskas SFC, Cunha NB, Vianna GR, Mendes ÉA, Ramos GL, Maranhão AQ, Brígido MM, Almeida JOSC, Baptista HA, Motta FLT, Pesquero JB, Aragão FJL, Rech EL. Expression of functional recombinant human factor IX in milk of mice. Biotechnol Lett 2008; 30:2063-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-008-9818-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2008] [Revised: 07/18/2008] [Accepted: 07/21/2008] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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40
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Yen CH, Yang CK, Chen IC, Lin YS, Lin CS, Chu S, Tu CF. Expression of recombinant Hirudin in transgenic mice milk driven by the goat β-casein promoter. Biotechnol J 2008; 3:1067-77. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.200800069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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41
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Xu X, Huang J, Fang J, Lin C, Cheng J, Shen Z. Expression of a fungal glucoamylase in transgenic rice seeds. Protein Expr Purif 2008; 61:113-6. [PMID: 18588984 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2008.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2008] [Revised: 05/18/2008] [Accepted: 05/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Glucoamylase, which catalyses the hydrolysis of the alpha-1,4 glycosidic bonds of starch, is an important industrial enzyme used in starch enzymatic saccharification. In this study, a glucoamylase gene from Aspergillus awamori, under the control of the promoter of seed storage protein Gt1, was introduced into rice by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Significant glucoamylase activity was detected specifically in the seeds but not other tissues of the transgenic rice lines. The highest enzymatic activity was found in the transgenic line Bg17-2, which was estimated to have about 500 units per gram of seeds (one unit is defined as the amount of enzyme that produces 1 micromol of reducing sugar in 1 min at 60 degrees C using soluble starch as substrate). The optimum pH for the activity of the rice produced enzyme is 5.0-5.5, and the optimum temperature is around 60 degrees C. One part of this transgenic glucoamylase rice seed flour fully converted 25 parts of corn starch pre-liquefied by an alpha-amylase also produced by a transgenic rice into glucose in 16 h incubation. This study suggests that this hydrolysis enzyme may substitute commercial fermentation enzymes for industrial starch conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Xu
- Institute of Insect Sciences and National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, HuajiaChi Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
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42
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He ZM, Jiang XL, Qi Y, Luo DQ. Assessment of the utility of the tomato fruit-specific E8 promoter for driving vaccine antigen expression. Genetica 2008; 133:207-14. [PMID: 17805977 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-007-9201-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2006] [Accepted: 08/04/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
To assess the utility of the tomato fruit-specific E8 gene's promoter for driving vaccine antigen expression in plant, the 2.2 kb and 1.1 kb E8 promoters were isolated and sequenced from Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Jinfeng #1. The 1.1 kb promoter was fused to vaccine antigen HBsAg M gene for the transfer to Nicotiana tabacum, and the CaMV 35S promoter was used for comparison. Cholera toxin B (ctb) gene under the control of the 1.1 kb promoter was transformed into both N. tabacum and L. esculentum. Southern blot hybridization confirmed the stable integration of the target genes into the tomato and tobacco genomes. ELISA assay showed that the expression product of HBsAg M gene under the control of the 1.1 kb E8 promoter could not be detected in transgenic tobacco tissues such as leaves, flowers, and seeds. In contrast, the expression of HBsAg M gene driven by CaMV 35S promoter could be detected in transgenic tobacco. ELISA assay for CTB proved that the 1.1 kb E8 promoter was able to direct the expression of exotic gene in ripe fruits of transgenic tomato, but expression was absent in leaf, flower, and unripe fruit of tomato, and CTB protein was not detected in transgenic tobacco tissues such as leaves, flowers, and seeds when the gene was under the control of the 1.1 kb E8 promoter. The results indicated that the E8 promoter acted not only in an organ-specific, but also in a species-specific fashion in plant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu-Mei He
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China.
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43
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Mack M, Burger M, Pietschmann P, Hock B. A high-throughput microtiter plate-based screening method for the detection of full-length recombinant proteins. Protein Expr Purif 2008; 61:92-8. [PMID: 18556213 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2008.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2008] [Revised: 05/02/2008] [Accepted: 05/13/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli is an important host for the (heterologous) production of recombinant proteins. The development and optimization of a protocol to overproduce a desired protein in E. coli is often tedious. A novel high-throughput screening method based on the Luminex xMAP bead technology was developed allowing a rapid evaluation of a certain expression strategy. A variant of green fluorescent protein (GFPuv) from Aequorea victoria was used as a reporter to establish the methodology. The N-terminus and the C-terminus of GFPuv were engineered to contain a His(6)- and an HA-tag (YPYDVPDYA), respectively. The double-tagged protein was loaded onto Luminex-microspheres via its His(6)-tag, the presence of the HA-tag was verified using an anti-HA antibody. High-throughput detection of full-length proteins (containing both tags) on the beads was performed using an automated Luminex 100IS analyzer. The results were compared to results obtained by classical Western blot analysis. Comparison of the two methods revealed that the Luminex-based method is faster and more economical in detecting full-length (intact) soluble recombinant protein, allowing one to routinely screen a high number of parameters in gene expression experiments. As proof of concept, different protocols to overproduce double-tagged model eucaryotic proteins (human protein S6 kinase 1 and human tankyrase) in E. coli were monitored using the new approach. Relevant parameters for optimizing gene expression of the corresponding genes were rapidly identified using the novel high-throughput method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Mack
- Institute for Technical Microbiology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany.
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44
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Lin C, Fang J, Xu X, Zhao T, Cheng J, Tu J, Ye G, Shen Z. A built-in strategy for containment of transgenic plants: creation of selectively terminable transgenic rice. PLoS One 2008; 3:e1818. [PMID: 18350155 PMCID: PMC2262152 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0001818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2008] [Accepted: 02/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant transgenic technology has been widely utilized for engineering crops for trait improvements and for production of high value proteins such as pharmaceuticals. However, the unintended spreading of commercial transgenic crops by pollination and seed dispersal is a major concern for environmental and food safety. Simple and reliable containment strategies for transgenes are highly desirable. Here we report a novel method for creating selectively terminable transgenic rice. In this method, the gene(s) of interest is tagged with a RNA interference cassette, which specifically suppresses the expression of the bentazon detoxification enzyme CYP81A6 and thus renders transgenic rice to be sensitive to bentazon, a herbicide used for rice weed control. We generated transgenic rice plants by this method using a new glyphosate resistant 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) gene from Pesudomonas putida as the gene of interest, and demonstrated that these transgenic rice plants were highly sensitive to bentazon but tolerant to glyphosate, which is exactly the opposite of conventional rice. Field trial of these transgenic rice plants further confirmed that they can be selectively killed at 100% by one spray of bentazon at a regular dose used for conventional rice weed control. Furthermore, we found that the terminable transgenic rice created in this study shows no difference in growth, development and yield compared to its non-transgenic control. Therefore, this method of creating transgenic rice constitutes a novel strategy of transgene containment, which appears simple, reliable and inexpensive for implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyang Lin
- Institute of Insect Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Fang
- Institute of Insect Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Xu
- Institute of Insect Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Te Zhao
- Institute of Insect Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaan Cheng
- Institute of Insect Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juming Tu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gongyin Ye
- Institute of Insect Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhicheng Shen
- Institute of Insect Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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45
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Expression of a bacterial alpha-amylase gene in transgenic rice seeds. Transgenic Res 2007; 17:645-50. [PMID: 17926139 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-007-9144-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2007] [Accepted: 09/12/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
An alpha-amylase gene from Bacillus stearothermophilus under the control of the promoter of a major rice-seed storage protein was introduced into rice. The transgenic line with the highest alpha-amylase activity reached about 15,000 U/g of seeds (one unit is defined as the amount of enzyme that produces 1 mumol of reducing sugar in 1 min at 70 degrees C). The enzyme produced in the seeds had an optimum pH of 5.0-5.5 and optimum temperature of 60-70 degrees C. Without extraction or purification, the power of transgenic rice seeds was able to liquify 100 times its weight of corn powder in 2 h. Thus, the transgenic rice could be used for industrial starch liquefaction.
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46
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Sheludko YV, Sindarovska YR, Gerasymenko IM, Bannikova MA, Kuchuk NV. Comparison of several Nicotiana species as hosts for high-scale Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression. Biotechnol Bioeng 2007; 96:608-14. [PMID: 16983697 DOI: 10.1002/bit.21075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression may be regarded as a promising method for inexpensive large-scale production of recombinant proteins. We optimized the protocol of transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana and compared six Australian species of Nicotiana as hosts for transient expression. The transient expression of GFP under 35S CaMV promoter was observed in all species tested, although the GFP content in leaves of N. benthamiana, N. exigua, and N. excelsior was significantly higher (3.8, 3.7, and 2.0% TSP, respectively). Usage of viral-based expression system resulted in considerable increase of GFP accumulation in N. excelsior and N. benthamiana (63.5 and 16.2% TSP, respectively). We displayed that N. excelsior has the best characteristics in regard to biomass yield as well as GFP accumulation level for both types of the expression cassettes tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y V Sheludko
- Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering, Zabolotnogo Str. 148, Kyiv 03143, Ukraine.
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47
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Markaki M, Drabek D, Livadaras I, Craig RK, Grosveld F, Savakis C. Stable expression of human growth hormone over 50 generations in transgenic insect larvae. Transgenic Res 2006; 16:99-107. [PMID: 17103025 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-006-9032-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2006] [Accepted: 08/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Developments in insect transgenesis using transposons combined with available mass rearing technology for insects such as the Medfly, Ceratitis capitata, provide opportunity for the production of protein for industrial, agricultural and healthcare purposes on a very large scale. In this study, we report the germ-line transformation and expression of a cDNA encoding human growth hormone (hGH) in transgenic Drosophila using the Minos transposon. Production and secretion of a bioactive hGH into the haemolymph of transgenic larvae was demonstrated by immunoblot analysis, ELISA and a proliferation bioassay. Stable expression of hGH was observed over 50 generations. The results indicate that mass reared transgenic diptera with a rapid period of larval growth could provide cost effective production systems for the manufacture of therapeutic and other high value proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Markaki
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, PO Box 1385, Heraklion, 71110, Greece
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48
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Shi HP, Lindemann P. Expression of recombinant Digitalis lanata EHRH. cardenolide 16'-O-glucohydrolase in Cucumis sativus L. hairy roots. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2006; 25:1193-8. [PMID: 16775721 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-006-0183-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2006] [Revised: 05/04/2006] [Accepted: 05/17/2006] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The coding sequence for the Digitalis lanata EHRH. cardenolide 16'-O-glucohydrolase was inserted downstream of the 35S promoter in the binary vector pBI121 resulting in plant expression vector pBI121cgh. Cotyledon explants excised from 10-day-old seedlings of Cucumis sativus L. were transformed using Agrobacterium rhizogenes 15834 harbouring pBI121cgh. Hairy roots were obtained from infected cotyledon explants in vitro 10 days after inoculation. PCR amplification of coding sequences for cgh I, rolB and rolC from Ri plasmid showed that the aimed sequences were inserted into the genome of transformed cucumber hairy roots. Glycolytic activity of the transgenic CGH I was measured by HPLC using Lanatoside glycosides as substrate. Therefore, the cgh I transformed cucumber hairy roots may provide a valuable model for biotransformation of natural compounds by recombinant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Ping Shi
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Pharmazeutische Biologie, Martin-Luther--Universität, Hoher Weg 8, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
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49
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Platis D, Labrou NE. Development of an aqueous two-phase partitioning system for fractionating therapeutic proteins from tobacco extract. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1128:114-24. [PMID: 16828788 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2006] [Revised: 06/08/2006] [Accepted: 06/14/2006] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, an aqueous two-phase partitioning system (ATPS) was developed and evaluated as an initial fractionation step for therapeutic antibodies and enzymes from tobacco extracts. A detailed study has been performed to analyze the effect of pH, ionic composition of the system, types of polymers and their molecular weight and concentration, on the partitioning behavior of tobacco proteins and human anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) monoclonal antibody 2F5 (mAb 2F5). A polyethyleneglycol/phosphate (PEG/Pi) aqueous two-phase system composed of 12% (w/w) PEG 1500 and 13% (w/w) phosphate buffer, pH 5, was selected as the system with the highest selectivity of antibody over native tobacco proteins. Under selected conditions, sufficient purification (3-4-fold) with high recovery at the bottom phase (approximately 95%) was achieved for mAb 2F5. In addition, the system allows removal of plant-derived compounds, such as phenolics and toxic alkaloids. The antibody fraction may be directly applied to a Protein A affinity column without any further pre-treatment, thus allowing homogenous antibody preparation. Analysis of the purified antibody fraction by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blot showed that the antibody was fully active and free of degraded variants or modified forms. The efficacy of the system was further demonstrated using additional proteins and enzymes of therapeutic importance, such as neuraminidase (NA) from influenza virus and human anti-HIV monoclonal antibody 2G12 (mAb 2G12), and showed that the system may find wide applicability as an economic extraction strategy for the initial fractionation of biopharmaceuticals from transgenic tobacco plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Platis
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, GR 118 55 Athens, Greece
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50
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Lin M, Rose-John S, Grötzinger J, Conrad U, Scheller J. Functional expression of a biologically active fragment of soluble gp130 as an ELP-fusion protein in transgenic plants: purification via inverse transition cycling. Biochem J 2006; 398:577-83. [PMID: 16716147 PMCID: PMC1559449 DOI: 10.1042/bj20060544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2006] [Revised: 05/22/2006] [Accepted: 05/23/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In murine models of Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis and colon cancer, IL-6 (interleukin-6) signalling via the sIL-6R (soluble IL-6 receptor; termed IL-6 trans-signalling) has been shown to promote the pathology associated with these conditions. These detrimental activities can, however, be selectively blocked by soluble forms of the gp130 (glycoprotein 130) receptor. Although sgp130 (soluble gp130) therefore represents a viable therapeutic modality for the treatment of these conditions, the mass manufacture of such biologics is often expensive. The advent of molecular farming has, however, provided an extremely cost-effective strategy for the engineering of recombinant proteins. Here, we describe the expression and production of a biologically active sgp130 variant that is expressed in transgenic tobacco plants as an ELP (elastin-like peptide)-fusion protein (mini-gp130-ELP). Mini-gp130-ELP consists of the first three domains of gp130 (Ig-like domain and cytokine binding module) fused to 100 repeats of ELP. Expression of mini-gp130-ELP did not affect the growth rate or morphology of the transgenic plants, and purification was achieved using inverse transition cycling. This approach led to an overall yield of 141 microg of purified protein per g of fresh leaf weight. The purified mini-gp130-ELP specifically inhibited sIL-6R-mediated trans-signalling as measured by binding to the IL-6-sIL-6R complex and through its ability to block sIL-6R-mediated activation of STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) phosphorylation and proliferation in human hepatoma cells and murine pre-B-cells. Consequently, the present study validates the potential application of molecular farming in transgenic tobacco plants as a strategy for the expression and purification of therapeutically advantageous biologics such as sgp130.
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Key Words
- cytokine
- elastin-like peptide (elp)
- glycoprotein 130 (gp130)
- inverse transition cycling
- interleukin-6 (il-6)
- tobacco
- camv, cauliflower mosaic virus
- cntf, ciliary neurotrophic factor
- dmem, dulbecco's modified eagle's medium
- ebna, epstein–barr nuclear antigen
- ecl, enhanced chemiluminescence
- elp, elastin-like peptide
- er, endoplasmic reticulum
- fcs, foetal calf serum
- gp130, glycoprotein 130
- hek-293 cell, human embryonic kidney cell
- il, interleukin
- lif, leukaemia inhibitory factor
- mab, monoclonal antibody
- osm, oncostatin m
- sgp130, soluble gp130
- il-6r, il-6 receptor
- sil-6r, soluble il-6r
- stat, signal transducer and activator of transcription
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Lin
- *Biochemisches Institut, Christian-Albrechts Universität zu Kiel, Olshausenstr. 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- *Biochemisches Institut, Christian-Albrechts Universität zu Kiel, Olshausenstr. 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Joachim Grötzinger
- *Biochemisches Institut, Christian-Albrechts Universität zu Kiel, Olshausenstr. 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Udo Conrad
- †Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung Gatersleben (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, D-06466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Jürgen Scheller
- *Biochemisches Institut, Christian-Albrechts Universität zu Kiel, Olshausenstr. 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany
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