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Leu YL, Cheng SF, Wang TH, Feng CH, Chen YJ, Hsieh YC, Lan YH, Chen CC. Increasing DNA damage sensitivity through corylin-mediated inhibition of homologous recombination. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116864. [PMID: 38865847 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA repair allows the survival of cancer cells. Therefore, the development of DNA repair inhibitors is a critical need for sensitizing cancers to chemoradiation. Sae2CtIP has specific functions in initiating DNA end resection, as well as coordinating cell cycle checkpoints, and it also greatly interacts with the DDR at different levels. RESULTS In this study, we demonstrated that corylin, a potential sensitizer, causes deficiencies in DNA repair and DNA damage checkpoints in yeast cells. More specifically, corylin increases DNA damage sensitivity through the Sae2-dependent pathway and impairs the activation of Mec1-Ddc2, Rad53-p and γ-H2A. In breast cancer cells, corylin increases apoptosis and reduces proliferation following Dox treatment by inhibiting CtIP. Xenograft assays showed that treatment with corylin combined with Dox significantly reduced tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our findings herein delineate the mechanisms of action of corylin in regulating DNA repair and indicate that corylin has potential long-term clinical utility as a DDR inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann-Lii Leu
- Graduate Institute of Natural products, College of Medicine, No.259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan, ROC; Biobank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 5, Fuxing St., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shu-Fang Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No.259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Natural products, College of Medicine, No.259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Biobank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 5, Fuxing St., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chun-Hao Feng
- Graduate Institute of Natural products, College of Medicine, No.259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Ju Chen
- Graduate Institute of Natural products, College of Medicine, No.259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Cheng Hsieh
- Office of the Texas State Chemist, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University System, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lan
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.100, Section 1, Jingmao Rd., Beitun Dist., Taichung City 406040, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Chin-Chuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No.259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Natural products, College of Medicine, No.259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan, ROC; Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, No.259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan, ROC; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, No.259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan, ROC; Biobank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 5, Fuxing St., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan, ROC.
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Jin C, Einig E, Xu W, Kollampally RB, Schlosser A, Flentje M, Popov N. The dimeric deubiquitinase USP28 integrates 53BP1 and MYC functions to limit DNA damage. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:3011-3030. [PMID: 38227944 PMCID: PMC11024517 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA replication is a major source of endogenous DNA damage in tumor cells and a key target of cellular response to genotoxic stress. DNA replication can be deregulated by oncoproteins, such as transcription factor MYC, aberrantly activated in many human cancers. MYC is stringently regulated by the ubiquitin system - for example, ubiquitination controls recruitment of the elongation factor PAF1c, instrumental in MYC activity. Curiously, a key MYC-targeting deubiquitinase USP28 also controls cellular response to DNA damage via the mediator protein 53BP1. USP28 forms stable dimers, but the biological role of USP28 dimerization is unknown. We show here that dimerization limits USP28 activity and restricts recruitment of PAF1c by MYC. Expression of monomeric USP28 stabilizes MYC and promotes PAF1c recruitment, leading to ectopic DNA synthesis and replication-associated DNA damage. USP28 dimerization is stimulated by 53BP1, which selectively binds USP28 dimers. Genotoxic stress diminishes 53BP1-USP28 interaction, promotes disassembly of USP28 dimers and stimulates PAF1c recruitment by MYC. This triggers firing of DNA replication origins during early response to genotoxins and exacerbates DNA damage. We propose that dimerization of USP28 prevents ectopic DNA replication at transcriptionally active chromatin to maintain genome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Jin
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pulmonology, University Hospital Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Str 14, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- DFG Cluster of Excellence 2180 ‘Image-guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies’ (iFIT), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Elias Einig
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pulmonology, University Hospital Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Str 14, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- DFG Cluster of Excellence 2180 ‘Image-guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies’ (iFIT), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Wenshan Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ravi Babu Kollampally
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pulmonology, University Hospital Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Str 14, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- DFG Cluster of Excellence 2180 ‘Image-guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies’ (iFIT), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Schlosser
- Rudolf Virchow Center, Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Flentje
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nikita Popov
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pulmonology, University Hospital Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Str 14, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- DFG Cluster of Excellence 2180 ‘Image-guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies’ (iFIT), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Jeon SB, Jeong PS, Kang HG, Kim MJ, Yun JH, Lim KS, Song BS, Kim SU, Cho SK, Sim BW. NEK2 plays an essential role in porcine embryonic development by maintaining mitotic division and DNA damage response via the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. Cell Prolif 2024:e13626. [PMID: 38426218 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
NIMA-related kinase 2 (NEK2) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that regulates mitosis and plays pivotal roles in cell cycle regulation and DNA damage repair. However, its function in porcine embryonic development is unknown. In this study, we used an NEK2-specific inhibitor, JH295 (JH), to investigate the role of NEK2 in embryonic development and the underlying regulatory mechanisms. Inhibition of NEK2 after parthenogenesis activation or in vitro fertilization significantly reduced the rates of cleavage and blastocyst formation, the numbers of trophectoderm and total cells and the cellular survival rate compared with the control condition. NEK2 inhibition delayed cell cycle progression at all stages from interphase to cytokinesis during the first mitotic division; it caused abnormal nuclear morphology in two- and four-cell stage embryos. Additionally, NEK2 inhibition significantly increased DNA damage and apoptosis, and it altered the expression levels of DNA damage repair- and apoptosis-related genes. Intriguingly, NEK2 inhibition downregulated the expression of β-catenin and its downstream target genes. To validate the relationship between Wnt/β-catenin signalling and NEK2 during porcine embryonic development, we cultured porcine embryos in JH-treated medium with or without CHIR99021, a Wnt activator. CHIR99021 co-treatment strongly restored the developmental parameters reduced by NEK2 inhibition to control levels. Our findings suggest that NEK2 plays an essential role in porcine embryonic development by regulating DNA damage repair and normal mitotic division via the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Been Jeon
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center (FARRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | - Pil-Soo Jeong
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center (FARRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Gu Kang
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center (FARRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ju Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center (FARRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Yun
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center (FARRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Animal BioScience, School of Animal Life Convergence, Hankyong National University, Ansung, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Seob Lim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center (FARRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Seok Song
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center (FARRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Uk Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center (FARRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Keun Cho
- Department of Animal Science, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute (RICRI), College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Woong Sim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center (FARRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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Zhou M, Duan L, Chen J, Li Y, Yin Z, Song S, Cao Y, Luo P, Hu F, Yang G, Xu J, Liao T, Jin Y. The dynamic role of nucleoprotein SHCBP1 in the cancer cell cycle and its potential as a synergistic target for DNA-damaging agents in cancer therapy. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:131. [PMID: 38365687 PMCID: PMC10874017 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01513-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant tumours seriously threaten human life and health, and effective treatments for cancer are still being explored. The ability of SHC SH2 domain-binding protein 1 (SHCBP1) to induce cell cycle disturbance and inhibit tumour growth has been increasingly studied, but its dynamic role in the tumour cell cycle and corresponding effects leading to mitotic catastrophe and DNA damage have rarely been studied. RESULTS In this paper, we found that the nucleoprotein SHCBP1 exhibits dynamic spatiotemporal expression during the tumour cell cycle, and SHCBP1 knockdown slowed cell cycle progression by inducing spindle disorder, as reflected by premature mitotic entry and multipolar spindle formation. This dysfunction was caused by G2/M checkpoint impairment mediated by downregulated WEE1 kinase and NEK7 (a member of the mammalian NIMA-related kinase family) expression and upregulated centromere/kinetochore protein Zeste White 10 (ZW10) expression. Moreover, both in vivo and in vitro experiments confirmed the significant inhibitory effects of SHCBP1 knockdown on tumour growth. Based on these findings, SHCBP1 knockdown in combination with low-dose DNA-damaging agents had synergistic tumouricidal effects on tumour cells. In response to this treatment, tumour cells were forced into the mitotic phase with considerable unrepaired DNA lesions, inducing mitotic catastrophe. These synergistic effects were attributed not only to the abrogation of the G2/M checkpoint and disrupted spindle function but also to the impairment of the DNA damage repair system, as demonstrated by mass spectrometry-based proteomic and western blotting analyses. Consistently, patients with low SHCBP1 expression in tumour tissue were more sensitive to radiotherapy. However, SHCBP1 knockdown combined with tubulin-toxic drugs weakened the killing effect of the drugs on tumour cells, which may guide the choice of chemotherapeutic agents in clinical practice. CONCLUSION In summary, we elucidated the role of the nucleoprotein SHCBP1 in tumour cell cycle progression and described a novel mechanism by which SHCBP1 regulates tumour progression and through which targeting SHCBP1 increases sensitivity to DNA-damaging agent therapy, indicating its potential as a cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Limin Duan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jiangbin Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Yumei Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Zhengrong Yin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Siwei Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Yaqi Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Ping Luo
- Department of Translational Medicine Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Fan Hu
- Medical Subcenter of HUST Analytical & Testing Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Guanghai Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Juanjuan Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Tingting Liao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Yang Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
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5
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Saito A, Omura I, Imaizumi K. CREB3L1/OASIS: cell cycle regulator and tumor suppressor. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 38215153 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Cell cycle checkpoints detect DNA errors, eventually arresting the cell cycle to promote DNA repair. Failure of such cell cycle arrest causes aberrant cell proliferation, promoting the pathogenesis of multiple diseases, including cancer. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress transducers activate the unfolded protein response, which not only deals with unfolded proteins in ER lumen but also orchestrates diverse physiological phenomena such as cell differentiation and lipid metabolism. Among ER stress transducers, cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 (CREB3L1) [also known as old astrocyte specifically induced substance (OASIS)] is an ER-resident transmembrane transcription factor. This molecule is cleaved by regulated intramembrane proteolysis, followed by activation as a transcription factor. OASIS is preferentially expressed in specific cells, including astrocytes and osteoblasts, to regulate their differentiation. In accordance with its name, OASIS was originally identified as being upregulated in long-term-cultured astrocytes undergoing cell cycle arrest because of replicative stress. In the context of cell cycle regulation, previously unknown physiological roles of OASIS have been discovered. OASIS is activated as a transcription factor in response to DNA damage to induce p21-mediated cell cycle arrest. Although p21 is directly induced by the master regulator of the cell cycle, p53, no crosstalk occurs between p21 induction by OASIS or p53. Here, we summarize previously unknown cell cycle regulation by ER-resident transcription factor OASIS, particularly focusing on commonalities and differences in cell cycle arrest between OASIS and p53. This review also mentions tumorigenesis caused by OASIS dysfunctions, and OASIS's potential as a tumor suppressor and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Saito
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Issei Omura
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Kazunori Imaizumi
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan
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Ntafoulis I, Kleijn A, Ju J, Jimenez-Cowell K, Fabro F, Klein M, Chi Yen RT, Balvers RK, Li Y, Stubbs AP, Kers TV, Kros JM, Lawler SE, Beerepoot LV, Kremer A, Idbaih A, Verreault M, Byrne AT, O'Farrell AC, Connor K, Biswas A, Salvucci M, Prehn JHM, Lambrechts D, Dilcan G, Lodi F, Arijs I, van den Bent MJ, Dirven CMF, Leenstra S, Lamfers MLM. Ex vivo drug sensitivity screening predicts response to temozolomide in glioblastoma patients and identifies candidate biomarkers. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:1327-1338. [PMID: 37620410 PMCID: PMC10575865 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02402-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient-derived glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) have become the gold-standard in neuro-oncological research; however, it remains to be established whether loss of in situ microenvironment affects the clinically-predictive value of this model. We implemented a GSC monolayer system to investigate in situ-in vitro molecular correspondence and the relationship between in vitro and patient response to temozolomide (TMZ). METHODS DNA/RNA-sequencing was performed on 56 glioblastoma tissues and 19 derived GSC cultures. Sensitivity to TMZ was screened across 66 GSC cultures. Viability readouts were related to clinical parameters of corresponding patients and whole-transcriptome data. RESULTS Tumour DNA and RNA sequences revealed strong similarity to corresponding GSCs despite loss of neuronal and immune interactions. In vitro TMZ screening yielded three response categories which significantly correlated with patient survival, therewith providing more specific prediction than the binary MGMT marker. Transcriptome analysis identified 121 genes related to TMZ sensitivity of which 21were validated in external datasets. CONCLUSION GSCs retain patient-unique hallmark gene expressions despite loss of their natural environment. Drug screening using GSCs predicted patient response to TMZ more specifically than MGMT status, while transcriptome analysis identified potential biomarkers for this response. GSC drug screening therefore provides a tool to improve drug development and precision medicine for glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Ntafoulis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anne Kleijn
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jie Ju
- Department of Pathology & Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kevin Jimenez-Cowell
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Federica Fabro
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Michelle Klein
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Romain Tching Chi Yen
- Information Technologies for Translational Medicine, Esch-Sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Rutger K Balvers
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yunlei Li
- Department of Pathology & Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Andrew P Stubbs
- Department of Pathology & Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Trisha V Kers
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Johan M Kros
- Department of Pathology & Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sean E Lawler
- Dept of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Laurens V Beerepoot
- Department of Internal Medicine, Elisabeth-Tweesteden Hospital, Tilburg, Netherlands
| | - Andreas Kremer
- Information Technologies for Translational Medicine, Esch-Sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Ahmed Idbaih
- DMU Neurosciences, Service de Neurologie 2-Mazarin, Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Maite Verreault
- Institut du Cerveau-Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Inserm, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Annette T Byrne
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alice C O'Farrell
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kate Connor
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Archita Biswas
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Manuela Salvucci
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jochen H M Prehn
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Department of Human Genetics, Laboratory for Translational Genetics, KU Leuven, and VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gonca Dilcan
- Department of Human Genetics, Laboratory for Translational Genetics, KU Leuven, and VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Francesca Lodi
- Department of Human Genetics, Laboratory for Translational Genetics, KU Leuven, and VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ingrid Arijs
- Department of Human Genetics, Laboratory for Translational Genetics, KU Leuven, and VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martin J van den Bent
- Department of Neurology, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Clemens M F Dirven
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sieger Leenstra
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Martine L M Lamfers
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
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Wu H, Zhang L, Chen B, Ou B, Xu J, Tian N, Yang D, Ai Y, Chen Q, Quan D, Zhang T, Lv L, Tian Y, Zhang J, Wu S. B13, a well-tolerated inhibitor of hedgehog pathway, exhibited potent anti-tumor effects against colorectal carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Bioorg Chem 2023; 135:106488. [PMID: 36989734 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal activation of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway mediates the genesis and progression of various tumors [1]. Currently, three drugs targeting the Hh signaling component Smoothened (Smo) have been marketed for the clinical treatment of basal cell tumors or acute myeloid leukemia. However, drug resistance is a common problem in those drugs, so the study of Smo inhibitors that can overcome drug resistance has important guiding significance for clinical adjuvant drugs. MTT assay, clone formation assay and EdU assay were used to detect the proliferation inhibitory activity of the drugs on tumor cells. The effect of B13 on cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. An acute toxicity test was used to detect the toxicity of B13 in vivo, and xenograft tumor model was used to detect the efficacy of B13 in vivo. The binding of B13 to Smo was studied by BODIPY-cyclopamine competitive binding assay and molecular docking. The effect of B13 on the expression and localization of downstream target gene Gli1/2 of Smo was investigated by Western Blot and immunofluorescence assay. SmoD473H mutant cell line was constructed to study the effect of B13 against drug resistance. (1) B13 had the strongest inhibitory activity against colorectal cancer cells. (2) B13 can effectively inhibit the clone formation and EdU positive rate of colon cancer cells. (3) B13 can block the cell cycle in the G2/M phase and cell apoptosis. (4) B13 has low toxicity in vivo, and its efficacy in vivo is better than that of the Vismodegib. (5) Molecular docking and BODIPY-cyclopamine experiments showed that B13 could bind to Smo protein. (6) B13 can inhibit the protein expression of Gli1, the downstream of Smo, and inhibit its entry into the nucleus. (7) B13 could inhibit the expression of Gli1 in the HEK293 cells with SmoD473H, and the molecular docking results showed that B13 could bind SmoD473H protein. B13 with the best anti-tumor activity was screened out by MTT assay. In vitro, pharmacodynamics experiments showed that B13 could effectively inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells, induce cell cycle arrest, and induce cell apoptosis. In vivo pharmacodynamics experiments showed that B13 was superior to Vismodegib in antitumor activity and had low toxicity in vivo. Mechanism studies have shown that B13 can bind Smo protein, inhibit the expression of downstream Gli1 and its entry into the nucleus. Notably, B13 overcomes resistance caused by SmoD473H mutations.
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Ding ZM, Wang SK, Zhang SX, Chen YW, Wang YS, Yang SJ, Cao YX, Miao YL, Huo LJ. Acute exposure of triclocarban affects early embryo development in mouse through disrupting maternal-to-zygotic transition and epigenetic modifications. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 252:114572. [PMID: 36706524 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Triclocarban (TCC) is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent used globally, and high concentrations of this harmful chemical exist in the environment. The human body is directly exposed to TCC through skin contact. Moreover, TCC is also absorbed through diet and inhaled through breathing, which results in its accumulation in the body. The safety profile of TCC and its potential impact on human health are still not completely clear; therefore, it becomes imperative to evaluate the reproductive toxicity of TCC. Here, we explored the effect of TCC on the early embryonic development of mice and its associated mechanisms. We found that acute exposure of TCC affected the early embryonic development of mice in a dose-dependent manner. Approximately 7600 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained by sequencing the transcriptome of 2-cell mouse embryos; of these, 3157 genes were upregulated and 4443 genes were downregulated in the TCC-treated embryos. GO and KEGG analysis revealed that the enriched genes were mainly involved in redox processes, RNA synthesis, DNA damage, apoptosis, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytoskeleton, peroxisome, RNA polymerase, and other components or processes. Moreover, the Venn analysis showed that the zygotic genome activation (ZGA) was affected and the degradation of maternal effector genes was inhibited. TCC induced changes in the epigenetic modification of 2-cell embryos. The level of DNA methylation increased significantly. Further, the levels of H3K27ac, H3K9ac, and H3K27me3 histone modifications decreased significantly, whereas those of H3K4me3 and H3K9me3 modifications increased significantly. Additionally, TCC induced oxidative stress and DNA damage in the 2-cell embryos. In conclusion, acute exposure of TCC affected early embryo development, destroyed early embryo gene expression, interfered with ZGA and maternal gene degradation, induced changes in epigenetic modification of early embryos, and led to oxidative stress and DNA damage in mouse early embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Ming Ding
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Shang-Ke Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Medical Laboratory Animal Center, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Shou-Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Biochip Laboratory, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Yang-Wu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yong-Sheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Sheng-Ji Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China; Biochip Laboratory, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, China; Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; . Hubei Province's Engineering Research Center in Buffalo Breeding & Products, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yun-Xia Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China.
| | - Yi-Liang Miao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Li-Jun Huo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; . Hubei Province's Engineering Research Center in Buffalo Breeding & Products, Wuhan 430070, China.
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9
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Lara-Barba E, Torán-Vilarrubias A, Moriel-Carretero M. An Expansion of the Endoplasmic Reticulum that Halts Autophagy is Permissive to Genome Instability. CONTACT (THOUSAND OAKS (VENTURA COUNTY, CALIF.)) 2023; 6:25152564231157706. [PMID: 37366415 PMCID: PMC10243512 DOI: 10.1177/25152564231157706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The links between autophagy and genome stability, and whether they are important for lifespan and health, are not fully understood. We undertook a study to explore this notion at the molecular level using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. On the one hand, we triggered autophagy using rapamycin, to which we exposed mutants defective in preserving genome integrity, then assessed their viability, their ability to induce autophagy and the link between these two parameters. On the other hand, we searched for molecules derived from plant extracts known to have powerful benefits on human health to try to rescue the negative effects rapamycin had against some of these mutants. We uncover that autophagy execution is lethal for mutants unable to repair DNA double strand breaks, while the extract from Silybum marianum seeds induces an expansion of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that blocks autophagy and protects them. Our data uncover a connection between genome integrity and homeostasis of the ER whereby ER stress-like scenarios render cells tolerant to sub-optimal genome integrity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Lara-Barba
- Institut de Génétique Humaine (IGH), Université de Montpellier-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique,
Montpellier, France
| | - Alba Torán-Vilarrubias
- Institut de Génétique Humaine (IGH), Université de Montpellier-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique,
Montpellier, France
| | - María Moriel-Carretero
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de
Montpellier (CRBM), Université de Montpellier-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique,
Montpellier, France
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10
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Gu J, Guo Y, Du J, Kong L, Deng J, Tao B, Li H, Jin C, Fu D, Li J. CDCA8/SNAI2 Complex Activates CD44 to Promote Proliferation and Invasion of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14215434. [PMID: 36358852 PMCID: PMC9657053 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary There is an urgent need to find an effective therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer owing to late diagnosis, tumor metastasis, and current ineffective targeted drugs. We aimed to identified potential targets for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. In this study, the specific mechanism by which the CDCA8 contributes to pancreatic cancer progression via the activation of CD44 was clarified, and CDCA8 knockdown inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of pancreatic cancer. This finding may provide a promising target for future targeted therapies of pancreatic cancer. Abstract (1) Background: Recently, cell division cycle associated 8 (CDCA8) was found to be overexpressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Here, we aimed to explore the specific mechanism of action of CDCA8 in PDAC progression. (2) Methods: All human PDAC samples and clinical data were collected from Huashan Hospital, Fudan University. All experimental studies were carried out using many in vitro and in vivo assays, including lentiviral transfection, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), chromatin IP (ChIP)-qPCR, dual-luciferase reporter, and in vivo imaging assays. (3) Results: Clinical data analysis of human PDAC samples revealed that CDCA8 overexpression were positively and negatively associated with tumor grade (p = 0.007) and overall survival (p = 0.045), respectively. CDCA8 knockdown inhibited PDAC proliferation and invasion in in vitro and in vivo assays. CD44 was also up-regulated by CDCA8 during PDAC progression. CDCA8 could be combined with SNAI2 to form a CDCA8/SNAI2 complex to integrate with the CD44 promoter as indicated through ChIP-qPCR and dual-luciferase reporter assays. (4) Conclusion: We showed that CDCA8-CD44 axis plays a key role in the proliferation and invasion of PDAC, which provides a potential target for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichun Gu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yujie Guo
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jiali Du
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Lei Kong
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Junyuan Deng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Baian Tao
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Hengchao Li
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Chen Jin
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Deliang Fu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Pancreatic Disease Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13816418978
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11
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Youn YH, Hou S, Wu CC, Kawauchi D, Orr BA, Robinson GW, Finkelstein D, Taketo MM, Gilbertson RJ, Roussel MF, Han YG. Primary cilia control translation and the cell cycle in medulloblastoma. Genes Dev 2022; 36:737-751. [PMID: 35798383 PMCID: PMC9296008 DOI: 10.1101/gad.349596.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The primary cilium, a signaling organelle projecting from the surface of a cell, controls cellular physiology and behavior. The presence or absence of primary cilia is a distinctive feature of a given tumor type; however, whether and how the primary cilium contributes to tumorigenesis are unknown for most tumors. Medulloblastoma (MB) is a common pediatric brain cancer comprising four groups: SHH, WNT, group 3 (G3), and group 4 (G4). From 111 cases of MB, we show that primary cilia are abundant in SHH and WNT MBs but rare in G3 and G4 MBs. Using WNT and G3 MB mouse models, we show that primary cilia promote WNT MB by facilitating translation of mRNA encoding β-catenin, a major oncoprotein driving WNT MB, whereas cilium loss promotes G3 MB by disrupting cell cycle control and destabilizing the genome. Our findings reveal tumor type-specific ciliary functions and underlying molecular mechanisms. Moreover, we expand the function of primary cilia to translation control and reveal a molecular mechanism by which cilia regulate cell cycle progression, thereby providing new frameworks for studying cilium function in normal and pathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ha Youn
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA
| | - Shirui Hou
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA
| | - Chang-Chih Wu
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA
| | - Daisuke Kawauchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan
| | - Brent A Orr
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA
| | - Giles W Robinson
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA
| | - David Finkelstein
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA
| | - Makoto M Taketo
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Richard J Gilbertson
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge CB2 0RE, England
| | - Martine F Roussel
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA
| | - Young-Goo Han
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA
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12
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The Effect of Encapsulated Apigenin Nanoparticles on HePG-2 Cells through Regulation of P53. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061160. [PMID: 35745733 PMCID: PMC9228521 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Apigenin (Ap) is one of the most important natural flavonoids that has potent anticancer activity. This study was designed, for the first time, to load Ap into chitosan to improve its hydrophobicity and then it was coated with albumin-folic acid to increase its stability and bioavailability and to target cancer cells. The newly developed encapsulated Ap (Ap-CH-BSA-FANPs) was characterized and tested in vitro. The zeta potential of −17.0 mV was within the recommended range (−30 mV to +30 mV), indicating that encapsulated apigenin would not quickly settle and would be suspended. The in vitro results proved the great anticancer activity of the encapsulated apigenin on HePG-2 cells compared to pure Ap. The treated HePG-2 cells with Ap-CH-BSA-FANPs demonstrated the induction of apoptosis by increasing p53 gene expression, arresting the cell cycle, increasing caspase-9 levels, and decreasing both the MMP9 gene and Bcl-2 protein expression levels. Moreover, the higher antioxidant activity of the encapsulated apigenin treatment was evident through increasing SOD levels and decreasing the CAT concentration. In conclusion, the Ap-CH-BSA-FANPs were easy to produce with low coast, continued drug release, good loading capacity, high solubility in physiological pH, and were more stable than the formerly Ap-loaded liposomes or PLGA. Moreover, Ap-CH-BSA-FANPs may be a promising chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of HCC.
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13
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An Adenovirus early region 4 deletion mutant induces G2/M arrest via ATM activation and reduces expression of the mitotic marker phosphorylated (ser10) histone 3. Virology 2022; 565:1-12. [PMID: 34626906 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Adenovirus (Ad) type 5 (Ad5) early region 4 (E4) proteins inhibit the DNA damage response (DDR) including activation of the DDR kinase ATM and its substrates, which can induce G2/M cell cycle arrest. Infection with Ad5 or the E4 deletion mutant H5dl1007 (1007) resulted in the accumulation of post G1 cells with > 2 N cellular DNA content. A greater fraction of cells with 4 N DNA content was observed in 1007 infections compared to Ad5; this population was dependent on activation of ATM. G2/M checkpoint kinases, phosphorylated Chk2 (pChk2), and phosphorylated Cdk1 (pCdk1) were upregulated in 1007 infections, and 1007 showed reduced levels of the mitosis marker phosphorylated (Ser10) histone 3 compared to Ad5. Our results show that E4 mutant activation of ATM induces G2/M arrest via activation of checkpoint kinases, thereby contributing to viral-mediated regulation of the cell cycle.
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14
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Liu J, Peng Y, Wei W. Cell cycle on the crossroad of tumorigenesis and cancer therapy. Trends Cell Biol 2022; 32:30-44. [PMID: 34304958 PMCID: PMC8688170 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Aberrancy in cell cycle progression is one of the fundamental mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis, making regulators of the cell cycle machinery rational anticancer therapeutic targets. A growing body of evidence indicates that the cell cycle regulatory pathway integrates into other hallmarks of cancer, including metabolism remodeling and immune escape. Thus, therapies against cell cycle machinery components can not only repress the division of cancer cells, but also reverse cancer metabolism and restore cancer immune surveillance. Besides the ongoing effects on the development of small molecule inhibitors (SMIs) of the cell cycle machinery, proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) have recently been used to target these oncogenic proteins related to cell cycle progression. Here, we discuss the rationale of cell cycle targeting therapies, particularly PROTACs, to more efficiently retard tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yunhua Peng
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Wenyi Wei
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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15
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Jin D, Yang S, Wu S, Yin M, Kuang H. A functional PVA aerogel-based membrane obtaining sutureability through modified electrospinning technology and achieving promising anti-adhesion effect after cardiac surgery. Bioact Mater 2021; 10:355-366. [PMID: 34901552 PMCID: PMC8636782 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pericardial barrier destruction, inflammatory cell infiltration, and fibrous tissue hyperplasia, trigger adhesions after cardiac surgery. There are few anti-adhesion materials that are both functional and sutureable for pericardial reconstruction. Besides, a few studies have reported on the mechanism of preventing pericardial adhesion. Herein, a functional barrier membrane with sutureability was developed via a modified electrospinning method. It was composed of poly(l-lactide-co-caprolactone) (PLCL) nanofibers, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) aerogel, and melatonin, named PPMT. The PPMT had a special microstructure manifested as a staggered arrangement of nanofibers on the surface and a layered macroporous aerogel structure in a cross-section. Besides providing the porosity and hydrophilicity obtained from PVA, the structure also had suitable mechanical properties for stitching due to the addition of PLCL nanofibers. Furthermore, it inhibited the proliferation of fibroblasts by suppressing the activation of Fas and P53, and achieved anti-inflammatory effects by affecting the activity of inflammatory cells and reducing the release of pro-inflammatory factors, such as interleukin 8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). Finally, in vivo transplantation showed that it up-regulated the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP1) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP1), and down-regulated the expression of Vinculin and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) in the myocardium, thereby reducing the formation of adhesions. Collectively, these results demonstrate a great potential of PPMT membrane for practical application to anti-adhesion. A functional PVA aerogel-based membrane (PPMT) obtained sutureability through modified electrospinning technology. The primary mechanism to anti-adhesion of PPMT membrane was explored. Promising anti-adhesion effect of PPMT membrane was accomplished in pericardium reconstruction in rabbit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Jin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dong Fang Road, Shanghai, 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuofei Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuting Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dong Fang Road, Shanghai, 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Yin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dong Fang Road, Shanghai, 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Haizhu Kuang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital (The Affiliated Luohu Hospital) of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518001, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
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16
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Sahay O, Barik GK, Sharma T, Pillai AD, Rapole S, Santra MK. Damsel in distress calling on her knights: Illuminating the pioneering role of E3 ubiquitin ligases in guarding the genome integrity. DNA Repair (Amst) 2021; 109:103261. [PMID: 34920250 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2021.103261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The maintenance of genomic integrity is of utmost importance for the organisms to survive and to accurately inherit traits to their progenies. Any kind of DNA damage either due to defect in DNA duplication and/ or uncontrolled cell division or intracellular insults or environment radiation can result in gene mutation, chromosomal aberration and ultimately genomic instability, which may cause several diseases including cancers. Therefore, cells have evolved machineries for the surveillance of genomic integrity. Enormous exciting studies in the past indicate that ubiquitination (a posttranslational modification of proteins) plays a crucial role in maintaining the genomic integrity by diverse ways. In fact, various E3 ubiquitin ligases catalyse ubiquitination of key proteins to control their central role during cell cycle, DNA damage response (DDR) and DNA repair. Some E3 ligases promote genomic instability while others prevent it, deregulation of both of which leads to several malignancies. In this review, we consolidate the recent findings wherein the role of ubiquitination in conferring genome integrity is highlighted. We also discuss the latest discoveries on the mechanisms utilized by various E3 ligases to preserve genomic stability, with a focus on their actions during cell cycle progression and different types of DNA damage response as well as repair pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osheen Sahay
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India; Department of Biotechnology, S.P. Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Ganesh Kumar Barik
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India; Department of Biotechnology, S.P. Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Tanisha Sharma
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India; Department of Biotechnology, S.P. Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Ajay D Pillai
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Srikanth Rapole
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Manas Kumar Santra
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India.
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17
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Huang YL, Pan WL, Cai WW, Ju JQ, Sun SC. Exposure to citrinin induces DNA damage, autophagy, and mitochondria dysfunction during first cleavage of mouse embryos. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:2217-2224. [PMID: 34314561 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Citrinin (CTN) is a mycotoxin, which is isolated from Penicillium citrinum and widely existed in the contaminated feeds. It is reported that CTN is toxic to heart, liver, and reproductive system. Previous studies indicated that CTN induced apoptosis in oocytes and embryos. In this study, we reported the potential causes of CTN on embryo development. Our results showed that 40 μM CTN exposure significantly reduced the first cleavage of mouse embryos, showing with the low rate of 2-cell embryos. We found that CTN induced DNA damage, showing the higher positive γH2A.X signals. Autophagy was occurred since more LC3 positive autophagosomes were found in the cytoplasm. This could be confirmed by the enhanced lysosome function, since higher accumulated lysosome distribution were found and LAMP2 was also increased under CTN exposure. Besides, we showed that mitochondria distribution was disturbed, indicating that CTN could disrupt mitochondria function, which could be the possible reason for the oxidative stress and apoptosis in CTN-exposed embryos. In conclusion, our study showed that CTN exposure had adverse effects on the early embryo development during first cleavage through its effects on the induction of DNA damage, autophagy, and mitochondria dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lin Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen-Lin Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen-Wu Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia-Qian Ju
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shao-Chen Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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18
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Dello Stritto MR, Bauer B, Barraud P, Jantsch V. DNA topoisomerase 3 is required for efficient germ cell quality control. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:211935. [PMID: 33798260 PMCID: PMC8025215 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202012057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
An important quality control mechanism eliminates meiocytes that have experienced recombination failure during meiosis. The culling of defective oocytes in Caenorhabditis elegans meiosis resembles late oocyte elimination in female mammals. Here we show that topoisomerase 3 depletion generates DNA lesions in both germline mitotic and meiotic compartments that are less capable of triggering p53 (cep-1)–dependent apoptosis, despite the activation of DNA damage and apoptosis signaling. Elimination of nonhomologous, alternative end joining and single strand annealing repair factors (CKU-70, CKU-80, POLQ-1, and XPF-1) can alleviate the apoptosis block. Remarkably, the ability of single mutants in the other members of the Bloom helicase-topoisomerase-RMI1 complex to elicit apoptosis is not compromised, and depletion of Bloom helicase in topoisomerase 3 mutants restores an effective apoptotic response. Therefore, uncontrolled Bloom helicase activity seems to direct DNA repair toward normally not used repair pathways, and this counteracts efficient apoptosis. This implicates an as-yet undescribed requirement for topoisomerase 3 in mounting an effective apoptotic response to ensure germ cell quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rosaria Dello Stritto
- Department of Chromosome Biology, Max Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernd Bauer
- Department of Chromosome Biology, Max Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pierre Barraud
- Expression Génétique Microbienne, UMR 8261, Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientific, Université de Paris, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Paris, France
| | - Verena Jantsch
- Department of Chromosome Biology, Max Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria
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19
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van Bijsterveldt L, Durley SC, Maughan TS, Humphrey TC. The Challenge of Combining Chemo- and Radiotherapy with Checkpoint Kinase Inhibitors. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:937-962. [PMID: 33257428 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-3358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical models of cancer have demonstrated enhanced efficacy of cell-cycle checkpoint kinase inhibitors when used in combination with genotoxic agents. This combination therapy is predicted to be exquisitely toxic to cells with a deficient G1-S checkpoint or cells with a genetic predisposition leading to intrinsic DNA replication stress, as these cancer cells become fully dependent on the intra-S and G2-M checkpoints for DNA repair and cellular survival. Therefore, abolishing remaining cell-cycle checkpoints after damage leads to increased cell death in a tumor cell-specific fashion. However, the preclinical success of these drug combinations is not consistently replicated in clinical trials. Here, we provide a perspective on the translation of preclinical studies into rationally designed clinical studies. We will discuss successes and failures of current treatment combinations and drug regimens and provide a detailed overview of all clinical trials using ATR, CHK1, or WEE1 inhibitors in combination with genotoxic agents. This highlights the need for revised patient stratification and the use of appropriate pharmacodynamic biomarkers to improve the success rate of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda van Bijsterveldt
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel C Durley
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tim S Maughan
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy C Humphrey
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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20
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Alao JP, Legon L, Rallis C. Crosstalk between the mTOR and DNA Damage Response Pathways in Fission Yeast. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020305. [PMID: 33540829 PMCID: PMC7913062 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells have developed response systems to constantly monitor environmental changes and accordingly adjust growth, differentiation, and cellular stress programs. The evolutionarily conserved, nutrient-responsive, mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling (mTOR) pathway coordinates basic anabolic and catabolic cellular processes such as gene transcription, protein translation, autophagy, and metabolism, and is directly implicated in cellular and organismal aging as well as age-related diseases. mTOR mediates these processes in response to a broad range of inputs such as oxygen, amino acids, hormones, and energy levels, as well as stresses, including DNA damage. Here, we briefly summarize data relating to the interplays of the mTOR pathway with DNA damage response pathways in fission yeast, a favorite model in cell biology, and how these interactions shape cell decisions, growth, and cell-cycle progression. We, especially, comment on the roles of caffeine-mediated DNA-damage override. Understanding the biology of nutrient response, DNA damage and related pharmacological treatments can lead to the design of interventions towards improved cellular and organismal fitness, health, and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- John-Patrick Alao
- ZEAB Therapeutic, University of East London, Stratford Campus, Water Lane, Stratford, London E15 4LZ, UK;
| | - Luc Legon
- School of Health, Sport and Bioscience, University of East London, Stratford Campus, Water Lane, Stratford, London E15 4LZ, UK;
| | - Charalampos Rallis
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK
- Correspondence:
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21
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Abstract
The DNA damage response (DDR) is a coordinated cellular response to a variety of insults to the genome. DDR initiates the activation of cell cycle checkpoints preventing the propagation of damaged DNA followed by DNA repair, which are both critical in maintaining genome integrity. Several model systems have been developed to study the mechanisms and complexity of checkpoint function. Here we describe the application of cell-free extracts derived from Xenopus eggs as a model system to investigate signaling from DNA damage, modulation of DNA replication, checkpoint activation, and ultimately DNA repair. We outline the preparation of cell-free extracts, DNA substrates, and their subsequent use in assays aimed at understanding the cellular response to DNA damage. Cell-free extracts derived from the eggs of Xenopus laevis remain a robust and versatile system to decipher the biochemical steps underlying this essential characteristic of all cells, critical for genome stability.
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22
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Pan MH, Zhu CC, Ju JQ, Xu Y, Luo SM, Sun SC, Ou XH. Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals that maternal obesity affects DNA repair, histone methylation, and autophagy level in mouse embryos. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:4944-4953. [PMID: 33368268 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Obesity causes many reproductive dysfunctions such as reduced conception, infertility, and early pregnancy loss, and this is largely due to the negative effects of obesity on oocyte and embryo quality. In the present study, we employed single-cell RNA transcriptome sequencing to investigate the potential causes for the maternal obesity effects on mouse embryos. Our results showed that the 4-cell and morula/blastocyst rates were all significantly decreased during embryo development in obese mice. Genome-wide analysis indicated that obesity altered the expression of more than 1100 genes in 2-cell embryos, including the genes which were related to the p53 signaling pathway and apoptosis. Further analysis showed that the expression of 47 genes related to DNA damage was changed, and a positive γH2A signal and the altered expression of Rad51 and Tex15 were observed in the obese embryos. Obesity also affected histone methylation, shown by the decrease of the H3K4-me2 level. Besides this, we observed the occurrence of autophagy and apoptosis in the embryos of obese mice. There were 42 genes that were related to autophagy/apoptosis that showed aberrant expression, and the positive LC3 signal and the decrease of Clec16a, Rraga, and Atg10 level were also observed. In summary, our study suggested that obesity affected early embryonic development by inducing DNA damage, aberrant histone methylation, and autophagy levels in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hao Pan
- Fertility Preservation Lab, Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia-Qian Ju
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shi-Ming Luo
- Fertility Preservation Lab, Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shao-Chen Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang-Hong Ou
- Fertility Preservation Lab, Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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23
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Pan MH, Ju JQ, Li XH, Xu Y, Wang JD, Ren YP, Lu X, Sun SC. Inhibition of survivin induces spindle disorganization, chromosome misalignment, and DNA damage during mouse embryo development. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:2148-2157. [PMID: 32687433 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1794545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The early embryonic development is important for the subsequent embryo implantation, and any defects in this process can lead to embryonic aneuploidy, which causes miscarriage and birth defects. Survivin is the member of inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family, and it is also an essential subunit of chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), which regulates both apoptosis and cell cycle control in many models. However, the roles of survivin in mouse early embryos remain unclear. In the present study, we showed that survivin activity was essential for mouse early embryo development. Our results showed that survivin mainly accumulated at chromosomes at metaphase stage and located at the spindle midzone at anaphase and telophase stages during the first cleavage. Loss of survivin activity led to the failure of cleavage in early mouse embryos. Further analysis indicated that survivin involved into spindle organization and chromosome alignment. Moreover, inhibition of survivin induced oxidative stress and DNA damage, showing with the increase of ROS level, the positive γH2A signal, and the increase of Rad51 level. We also observed the occurrence of autophagy and apoptosis in the survivin-inhibited embryos. In summary, our study suggested that survivin was a critical regulator for early embryo development through its regulation on spindle organization, chromosome alignment, and DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hao Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, China
| | - Jia-Qian Ju
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Han Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, China
| | - Jie-Dong Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zunyi Medical University , Zunyi, China
| | - Yan-Ping Ren
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zunyi Medical University , Zunyi, China
| | - Xiang Lu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zunyi Medical University , Zunyi, China
| | - Shao-Chen Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, China
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24
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Grolmusz VK, Chen J, Emond R, Cosgrove PA, Pflieger L, Nath A, Moos PJ, Bild AH. Exploiting collateral sensitivity controls growth of mixed culture of sensitive and resistant cells and decreases selection for resistant cells in a cell line model. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:253. [PMID: 32565737 PMCID: PMC7301982 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01337-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background CDK4/6 inhibitors such as ribociclib are becoming widely used targeted therapies in hormone-receptor-positive (HR+) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) breast cancer. However, cancers can advance due to drug resistance, a problem in which tumor heterogeneity and evolution are key features. Methods Ribociclib-resistant HR+/HER2- CAMA-1 breast cancer cells were generated through long-term ribociclib treatment. Characterization of sensitive and resistant cells were performed using RNA sequencing and whole exome sequencing. Lentiviral labeling with different fluorescent proteins enabled us to track the proliferation of sensitive and resistant cells under different treatments in a heterogeneous, 3D spheroid coculture system using imaging microscopy and flow cytometry. Results Transcriptional profiling of sensitive and resistant cells revealed the downregulation of the G2/M checkpoint in the resistant cells. Exploiting this acquired vulnerability; resistant cells exhibited collateral sensitivity for the Wee-1 inhibitor, adavosertib (AZD1775). The combination of ribociclib and adavosertib achieved additional antiproliferative effect exclusively in the cocultures compared to monocultures, while decreasing the selection for resistant cells. Conclusions Our results suggest that optimal antiproliferative effects in heterogeneous cancers can be achieved via an integrative therapeutic approach targeting sensitive and resistant cancer cell populations within a tumor, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vince Kornél Grolmusz
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1218 S Fifth Ave, Monrovia, CA 91016 USA
| | - Jinfeng Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1218 S Fifth Ave, Monrovia, CA 91016 USA
| | - Rena Emond
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1218 S Fifth Ave, Monrovia, CA 91016 USA
| | - Patrick A Cosgrove
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1218 S Fifth Ave, Monrovia, CA 91016 USA
| | - Lance Pflieger
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1218 S Fifth Ave, Monrovia, CA 91016 USA
| | - Aritro Nath
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1218 S Fifth Ave, Monrovia, CA 91016 USA
| | - Philip J Moos
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, 30 S 2000 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
| | - Andrea H Bild
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1218 S Fifth Ave, Monrovia, CA 91016 USA
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25
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Li XH, Li WJ, Ju JQ, Pan MH, Xu Y, Sun MH, Li M, Sun SC. CHK2 is essential for spindle assembly and DNA repair during the first cleavage of mouse embryos. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:10415-10426. [PMID: 32484784 PMCID: PMC7346029 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The quality of the early embryo is critical for embryonic development and implantation. Errors during cleavage lead to aneuploidy in embryos. As a cell cycle checkpoint protein, CHK2 participates in DNA replication, cell cycle arrest and spindle assembly. However, the functions of CHK2 in early development of the mouse embryo remain largely unknown. In this study, we show that CHK2 is localized on the spindle in metaphase and mainly accumulates at spindle poles in anaphase/telophase during the first cleavage of the mouse embryo. CHK2 inhibition led to cleavage failure in early embryonic development, accompanied by abnormal spindle assembly and misaligned chromosomes. Moreover, the loss of CHK2 activity increased the level of cellular DNA damage, which resulted in oxidative stress. Then, apoptosis and autophagy were found to be active in these embryos. In summary, our results suggest that CHK2 is an essential regulator of spindle assembly and DNA repair during early embryonic development in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Han Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wen-Jing Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jia-Qian Ju
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Meng-Hao Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yao Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ming-Hong Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mo Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shao-Chen Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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26
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Zhou Q, Pham KTM, Hu H, Kurasawa Y, Li Z. A kinetochore-based ATM/ATR-independent DNA damage checkpoint maintains genomic integrity in trypanosomes. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:7973-7988. [PMID: 31147720 PMCID: PMC6736141 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA damage-induced cell cycle checkpoints serve as surveillance mechanisms to maintain genomic stability, and are regulated by ATM/ATR-mediated signaling pathways that are conserved from yeast to humans. Trypanosoma brucei, an early divergent microbial eukaryote, lacks key components of the conventional DNA damage-induced G2/M cell cycle checkpoint and the spindle assembly checkpoint, and nothing is known about how T. brucei controls its cell cycle checkpoints. Here we discover a kinetochore-based, DNA damage-induced metaphase checkpoint in T. brucei. MMS-induced DNA damage triggers a metaphase arrest by modulating the abundance of the outer kinetochore protein KKIP5 in an Aurora B kinase- and kinetochore-dependent, but ATM/ATR-independent manner. Overexpression of KKIP5 arrests cells at metaphase through stabilizing the mitotic cyclin CYC6 and the cohesin subunit SCC1, mimicking DNA damage-induced metaphase arrest, whereas depletion of KKIP5 alleviates the DNA damage-induced metaphase arrest and causes chromosome mis-segregation and aneuploidy. These findings suggest that trypanosomes employ a novel DNA damage-induced metaphase checkpoint to maintain genomic integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kieu T M Pham
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Huiqing Hu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yasuhiro Kurasawa
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ziyin Li
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX 77030, USA
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27
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Barnum KJ, Nguyen YT, O'Connell MJ. XPG-related nucleases are hierarchically recruited for double-stranded rDNA break resection. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:7632-7643. [PMID: 30885940 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
dsDNA breaks (DSBs) are resected in a 5'→3' direction, generating single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). This promotes DNA repair by homologous recombination and also assembly of signaling complexes that activate the DNA damage checkpoint effector kinase Chk1. In fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe), genetic screens have previously uncovered a family of three xeroderma pigmentosum G (XPG)-related nucleases (XRNs), known as Ast1, Exo1, and Rad2. Collectively, these XRNs are recruited to a euchromatic DSB and are required for ssDNA production and end resection across the genome. Here, we studied why there are three related but distinct XRN enzymes that are all conserved across a range of species, including humans, whereas all other DSB response proteins are present as single species. Using S. pombe as a model, ChIP and DSB resection analysis assays, and highly efficient I-PpoI-induced DSBs in the 28S rDNA gene, we observed a hierarchy of recruitment for each XRN, with a progressive compensatory recruitment of the other XRNs as the responding enzymes are deleted. Importantly, we found that this hierarchy reflects the requirement for different XRNs to effect efficient DSB resection in the rDNA, demonstrating that the presence of three XRN enzymes is not a simple division of labor. Furthermore, we uncovered a specificity of XRN function with regard to the direction of transcription. We conclude that the DSB-resection machinery is complex, is nonuniform across the genome, and has built-in fail-safe mechanisms, features that are in keeping with the highly pathological nature of DSB lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Barnum
- From the Department of Oncological Sciences and.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Y Tram Nguyen
- From the Department of Oncological Sciences and.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Matthew J O'Connell
- From the Department of Oncological Sciences and .,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
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28
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Zhang L, Lu P, Yan L, Yang L, Wang Y, Chen J, Dai J, Li Y, Kang Z, Bai T, Xi Y, Xu J, Sun G, Yang T. MRPL35 Is Up-Regulated in Colorectal Cancer and Regulates Colorectal Cancer Cell Growth and Apoptosis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 189:1105-1120. [PMID: 30862482 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial ribosome proteins (MRPs), which are encoded by the nuclear genomic DNA, are important for mitochondrial-encoded protein synthesis and mitochondrial function. Emerging evidence suggests that several MRPs also exhibit important extra-mitochondrial functions, such as involvement in apoptosis, protein biosynthesis, and signal transduction. In this study, we demonstrate a significant role of MRP L35 (MRPL35) in colorectal cancer (CRC). The expression of MRPL35 was higher in CRC tissues than in matched cancer-adjacent tissues and higher in CRC cells than in normal mucosal epithelial cells. Higher MRPL35 expression in CRC tissue correlated with shorter overall survival for CRC patients. In vitro, down-regulation of MRPL35 led to increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) together with DNA damage, loss of cell proliferation, G2/M arrest, a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis, and autophagy induction. MRPL35 knockdown inhibited tumor proliferation in a CRC xenograft nude mouse model. Furthermore, overexpression of MRPL35 or treatment of cells with the ROS scavenger, N-acetyl cysteine, abrogated ROS production, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in vitro. These findings suggest that MRPL35 plays an essential role in the development of CRC and may be a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Litao Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Peifen Lu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lihong Yan
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lijun Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yutao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Junjun Chen
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jie Dai
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yahui Li
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhiming Kang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Tao Bai
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yanfeng Xi
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Grand Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Gongqin Sun
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island.
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
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29
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Kwon S, Lee J, Jeon J, Kim S, Park SY, Jeon J, Lee YH. Role of the Histone Acetyltransferase Rtt109 in Development and Pathogenicity of the Rice Blast Fungus. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2018; 31:1200-1210. [PMID: 29856240 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-01-18-0015-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Acetylation of histone H3 lysine 56 (H3K56) by the fungal-specific histone acetyltransferase Rtt109 plays important roles in maintaining genome integrity and surviving DNA damage. Here, we investigated the implications of Rtt109-mediated response to DNA damage on development and pathogenesis of the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae (anamorph: Pyricularia oryzae). The ortholog of Rtt109 in M. oryzae (MoRtt109) was found via sequence homology and its functionality was confirmed by phenotypic complementation of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rtt109 deletion strain. Targeted deletion of MoRtt109 resulted in a significant reduction in acetylation of H3K56 and rendered the fungus defective in hyphal growth and asexual reproduction. Furthermore, the deletion mutant displayed hypersensitivity to genotoxic agents, confirming the conserved importance of Rtt109 in genome integrity maintenance and genotoxic stress tolerance. Elevated expression of DNA repair genes and the results of the comet assay were consistent with constitutive endogenous DNA damage. Although the conidia produced from the mutant were not impaired in germination and appressorium morphogenesis, the mutant was significantly less pathogenic on rice leaves. Transcriptomic analysis provided insight into the factors underlying phenotypic defects that are associated with deficiency of H3K56 acetylation. Overall, our results indicate that MoRtt109 is a conserved histone acetyltransferase that affects proliferation and asexual fecundity of M. oryzae through maintenance of genome integrity and response to DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seomun Kwon
- 1 Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jaejoon Lee
- 2 Department of Biotechnology, College of Life and Applied Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; and
| | - Jongbum Jeon
- 1 Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seongbeom Kim
- 1 Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sook-Young Park
- 3 Department of Plant Medicine, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
| | - Junhyun Jeon
- 2 Department of Biotechnology, College of Life and Applied Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; and
| | - Yong-Hwan Lee
- 1 Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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30
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Kang SH, Hong SP, Kang BS. Targeting chemo-proton therapy on C6 cell line using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles conjugated with folate and paclitaxel. Int J Radiat Biol 2018; 94:1006-1016. [PMID: 30032692 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2018.1495854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This report presents novel nanoparticle-based drug delivery system (NPDDS) aiming to targeting chemo-proton therapy (TCPT) to improve the therapeutic efficacy on brain cancer treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS A NPDDS, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles conjugated with folate and paclitaxel, was synthesized and applied to C6 brain cancer cell line that was prepared for TCPT. The characterization of NPDDS was analyzed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The uptake of NPDDS into the cytoplasm of C6 cells was observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The therapeutic efficacy of proton beam was quantitatively evaluated by flow cytometry and clonogenic assay at various radiation dose. RESULTS NPDDS was synthesized in the uniform size distribution with a mean diameter of 5.44 ± 0.70 nm, and it showed no significant cytotoxicity at the concentration lower than 200 ng/mL. Radiosensitization enhancement factors of PTX, D-SPIONs and FA-PTX-D-SPIONs were 1.35, 1.16 and 1.52, respectively. CONCLUSIONS It was demonstrated that TCPT improved the therapeutic efficacy of the proton beam therapy when the synthesized novel NPDDS was administrated. The improvement in therapeutic efficacy was achieved by the synergetic effect of drug delivery increased by FA, radiosensitivity increased by PTX and absorption of proton energy increased by SPIONs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Hee Kang
- a Department of Radiological Science , Konyang University , Daejeon , South Korea
| | - Seong Pyo Hong
- a Department of Radiological Science , Konyang University , Daejeon , South Korea
| | - Bo Sun Kang
- a Department of Radiological Science , Konyang University , Daejeon , South Korea
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31
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Kim S, Lee DG. Oxyresveratrol-induced DNA cleavage triggers apoptotic response in Candida albicans. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2018; 164:1112-1121. [PMID: 30024372 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Oxyresveratrol is a naturally occurring phytoalexin produced by plants in response to infection. Biological activities of oxyresveratrol have been studied such as antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammation. However, further antimicrobial activity and its mechanism need to be investigated. This study exhibited growth inhibition against pathogenic fungi and investigated its mode of action. Oxyresveratrol inflicted cleavage on DNA, leading to G2/M phase arrest. DNA damage by oxyresveratrol was not the result of oxidative stress but it was triggered by direct binding to DNA. Oxyresveratrol-treated cells showed an apoptotic pathway characterized by phosphatidylserine exposure, apoptotic volume decrease and metacaspase activation. Mitochondria-associated apoptotic features also appeared. Oxyresveratrol-induced Ca2+ overload led to mitochondrial membrane depolarization and release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol. In conclusion, oxyresveratrol with DNA-binding affinity induces DNA cleavage, and eventually leads to mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in Candida albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhyun Kim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Gun Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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32
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Li QQ, Hsu I, Sanford T, Railkar R, Balaji N, Sourbier C, Vocke C, Balaji KC, Agarwal PK. Protein kinase D inhibitor CRT0066101 suppresses bladder cancer growth in vitro and xenografts via blockade of the cell cycle at G2/M. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:939-963. [PMID: 29071385 PMCID: PMC7984729 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2681-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The protein kinase D (PKD) family of proteins are important regulators of tumor growth, development, and progression. CRT0066101, an inhibitor of PKD, has antitumor activity in multiple types of carcinomas. However, the effect and mechanism of CRT0066101 in bladder cancer are not understood. In the present study, we show that CRT0066101 suppressed the proliferation and migration of four bladder cancer cell lines in vitro. We also demonstrate that CRT0066101 blocked tumor growth in a mouse flank xenograft model of bladder cancer. To further assess the role of PKD in bladder carcinoma, we examined the three PKD isoforms and found that PKD2 was highly expressed in eight bladder cancer cell lines and in urothelial carcinoma tissues from the TCGA database, and that short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated knockdown of PKD2 dramatically reduced bladder cancer growth and invasion in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that the effect of the compound in bladder cancer is mediated through inhibition of PKD2. This notion was corroborated by demonstrating that the levels of phospho-PKD2 were markedly decreased in CRT0066101-treated bladder tumor explants. Furthermore, our cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry revealed that CRT0066101 treatment or PKD2 silencing arrested bladder cancer cells at the G2/M phase, the arrest being accompanied by decreases in the levels of cyclin B1, CDK1 and phospho-CDK1 (Thr161) and increases in the levels of p27Kip1 and phospho-CDK1 (Thr14/Tyr15). Moreover, CRT0066101 downregulated the expression of Cdc25C, which dephosphorylates/activates CDK1, but enhanced the activity of the checkpoint kinase Chk1, which inhibits CDK1 by phosphorylating/inactivating Cdc25C. Finally, CRT0066101 was found to elevate the levels of Myt1, Wee1, phospho-Cdc25C (Ser216), Gadd45α, and 14-3-3 proteins, all of which reduce the CDK1-cyclin B1 complex activity. These novel findings suggest that CRT0066101 suppresses bladder cancer growth by inhibiting PKD2 through induction of G2/M cell cycle arrest, leading to the blockade of cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingdi Quentin Li
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Iawen Hsu
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Thomas Sanford
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Reema Railkar
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Navin Balaji
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Carole Sourbier
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Cathy Vocke
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - K C Balaji
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, 27106, USA
| | - Piyush K Agarwal
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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33
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Boudewijn IM, Faiz A, Steiling K, van der Wiel E, Telenga ED, Hoonhorst SJM, Ten Hacken NHT, Brandsma CA, Kerstjens HAM, Timens W, Heijink IH, Jonker MR, de Bruin HG, Sebastiaan Vroegop J, Pasma HR, Boersma WG, Wielders P, van den Elshout F, Mansour K, Spira A, Lenburg ME, Guryev V, Postma DS, van den Berge M. Nasal gene expression differentiates COPD from controls and overlaps bronchial gene expression. Respir Res 2017; 18:213. [PMID: 29268739 PMCID: PMC5740586 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0696-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nasal gene expression profiling is a promising method to characterize COPD non-invasively. We aimed to identify a nasal gene expression profile to distinguish COPD patients from healthy controls. We investigated whether this COPD-associated gene expression profile in nasal epithelium is comparable with the profile observed in bronchial epithelium. Methods Genome wide gene expression analysis was performed on nasal epithelial brushes of 31 severe COPD patients and 22 controls, all current smokers, using Affymetrix Human Gene 1.0 ST Arrays. We repeated the gene expression analysis on bronchial epithelial brushes in 2 independent cohorts of mild-to-moderate COPD patients and controls. Results In nasal epithelium, 135 genes were significantly differentially expressed between severe COPD patients and controls, 21 being up- and 114 downregulated in COPD (false discovery rate < 0.01). Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) showed significant concordant enrichment of COPD-associated nasal and bronchial gene expression in both independent cohorts (FDRGSEA < 0.001). Conclusion We identified a nasal gene expression profile that differentiates severe COPD patients from controls. Of interest, part of the nasal gene expression changes in COPD mimics differentially expressed genes in the bronchus. These findings indicate that nasal gene expression profiling is potentially useful as a non-invasive biomarker in COPD. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov registration number NCT01351792 (registration date May 10, 2011), ClinicalTrials.gov registration number NCT00848406 (registration date February 19, 2009), ClinicalTrials.gov registration number NCT00807469 (registration date December 11, 2008). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12931-017-0696-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilse M Boudewijn
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Groningen, the Netherlands. .,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Alen Faiz
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Groningen, the Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Katrina Steiling
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Erica van der Wiel
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Groningen, the Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Eef D Telenga
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Groningen, the Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Susan J M Hoonhorst
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Groningen, the Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nick H T Ten Hacken
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Groningen, the Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Corry-Anke Brandsma
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology, section Medical Biology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Huib A M Kerstjens
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Groningen, the Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wim Timens
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology, section Medical Biology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Irene H Heijink
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Groningen, the Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology, section Medical Biology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marnix R Jonker
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology, section Medical Biology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Harold G de Bruin
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology, section Medical Biology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Henk R Pasma
- Medical Center Leeuwarden, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Wim G Boersma
- Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Alkmaar, the Netherlands
| | - Pascal Wielders
- Catharina Hospital, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | | | - Khaled Mansour
- Orbis Concern, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Sittard, the Netherlands
| | - Avrum Spira
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marc E Lenburg
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Victor Guryev
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dirkje S Postma
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Groningen, the Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten van den Berge
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Groningen, the Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands
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34
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Hui Y, Gao Z, Ren S, Wang Y, Ma X. Effects of an irinotecan derivative, ZBH‑1208, on the immune system in a mouse model of brain tumor and its antitumor mechanism. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:6340-6345. [PMID: 28849059 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of an irinotecan derivative, ZBH‑1208, on brain tumors, and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. To determine the effects of ZBH‑1208, a brain tumor mouse model was established by transplanting B22 cells. Subsequently, the visceral indices of immune organs and white blood cell counts were determined, and the effects of ZBH‑1208 on the expression levels of cell cycle‑related proteins were assessed by western blotting. The tumor inhibition rates of 20 and 40 mg/kg ZBH‑1208 were 11.7 and 54.1%, respectively. Compared with the negative control group, ZBH‑1208 barely affected visceral indices or white blood cell count. Furthermore, the expression levels of p53, p21, cyclin‑dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), Wee1, phosphorylated (p)‑cell division cycle 2 (CDC2) (Tyr15), p‑CDC2 (Thr161) and cyclin B1 proteins were upregulated, whereas the expression levels of cyclin E were downregulated, and those of CDC2, CDK2 and CDC25C were barely altered. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that ZBH‑1208 suppressed the growth of B22 mouse brain tumor xenografts, but did not affect their visceral indices or white blood cell counts. It was suggested that ZBH‑1208 exerted its effects by regulating the expression of p53, p21, Wee1, p‑CDC2 (Tyr15) and cyclin E proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzuo Hui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Clinical Teaching Hospital, Taishan Medical College, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyu Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Clinical Teaching Hospital, Taishan Medical College, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Songtao Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Clinical Teaching Hospital, Taishan Medical College, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Yunhua Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Clinical Teaching Hospital, Taishan Medical College, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Ma
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Clinical Teaching Hospital, Taishan Medical College, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
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35
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Behara KK, Rajesh Y, Chaudhuri A, Biswas S, Mandal M, Singh NDP. Wavelength Dependent, Sequentially Activated, Dual Anticancer Drug Delivery System with Photoinduced Fluorescence off-on for Real Time Imaging. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Kalyani Behara
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur; Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal India
| | - Y Rajesh
- School of Medical Science and Technology; Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur; Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal India
| | - Amrita Chaudhuri
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur; Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal India
| | - Sandipan Biswas
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur; Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal India
| | - Mahitosh Mandal
- School of Medical Science and Technology; Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur; Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal India
| | - N. D. Pradeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur; Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal India
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36
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Moghaddaskho F, Eyvani H, Ghadami M, Tavakkoly-Bazzaz J, Alimoghaddam K, Ghavamzadeh A, Ghaffari SH. Demethylation and alterations in the expression level of the cell cycle-related genes as possible mechanisms in arsenic trioxide-induced cell cycle arrest in human breast cancer cells. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317692255. [PMID: 28218039 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317692255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) has been used clinically as an anti-tumor agent. Its mechanisms are mostly considered to be the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms of its anti-cancer action through cell cycle arrest are poorly known. Furthermore, As2O3 has been shown to be a potential DNA methylation inhibitor, inducing DNA hypomethylation. We hypothesize that As2O3 may affect the expression of cell cycle regulatory genes by interfering with DNA methylation patterns. To explore this, we examined promoter methylation status of 24 cell cycle genes in breast cancer cell lines and in a normal breast tissue sample by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction and/or restriction enzyme-based methods. Gene expression level and cell cycle distribution were quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometric analyses, respectively. Our methylation analysis indicates that only promoters of RBL1 (p107), RASSF1A, and cyclin D2 were aberrantly methylated in studied breast cancer cell lines. As2O3 induced CpG island demethylation in promoter regions of these genes and restores their expression correlated with DNA methyltransferase inhibition. As2O3 also induced alterations in messenger RNA expression of several cell cycle-related genes independent of demethylation. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the cell cycle arrest induced by As2O3 varied depending on cell lines, MCF-7 at G1 phase and both MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells at G2/M phase. These changes at transcriptional level of the cell cycle genes by the molecular mechanisms dependent and independent of demethylation are likely to represent the mechanisms of cell cycle redistribution in breast cancer cells, in response to As2O3 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farima Moghaddaskho
- 1 Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,2 Medical Genetics Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haniyeh Eyvani
- 1 Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,2 Medical Genetics Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Ghadami
- 2 Medical Genetics Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Tavakkoly-Bazzaz
- 2 Medical Genetics Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamran Alimoghaddam
- 1 Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ardeshir Ghavamzadeh
- 1 Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed H Ghaffari
- 1 Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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37
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Cell-cycle involvement in autophagy and apoptosis in yeast. Mech Ageing Dev 2016; 161:211-224. [PMID: 27450768 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of the cell cycle and apoptosis are two eukaryotic processes required to ensure maintenance of genomic integrity, especially in response to DNA damage. The ease with which yeast, amongst other eukaryotes, can switch from cellular proliferation to cell death may be the result of a common set of biochemical factors which play dual roles depending on the cell's physiological state. A wide variety of homologues are shared between different yeasts and metazoans and this conservation confirms their importance. This review gives an overview of key molecular players involved in yeast cell-cycle regulation, and those involved in mechanisms which are induced by cell-cycle dysregulation. One such mechanism is autophagy which, depending on the severity and type of DNA damage, may either contribute to the cell's survival or death. Cell-cycle dysregulation due to checkpoint deficiency leads to mitotic catastrophe which in turn leads to programmed cell death. Molecular players implicated in the yeast apoptotic pathway were shown to play important roles in the cell cycle. These include the metacaspase Yca1p, the caspase-like protein Esp1p, the cohesin subunit Mcd1p, as well as the inhibitor of apoptosis protein Bir1p. The roles of these molecular players are discussed.
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38
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Cheng JS, Chou CT, Liu YY, Sun WC, Shieh P, Kuo DH, Kuo CC, Jan CR, Liang WZ. The effect of oleuropein from olive leaf (Olea europaea) extract on Ca²⁺ homeostasis, cytotoxicity, cell cycle distribution and ROS signaling in HepG2 human hepatoma cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 91:151-66. [PMID: 27016494 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Oleuropein, a phenolic compound found in the olive leaf (Olea europaea), has been shown to have biological activities in different models. However, the effects of oleuropein on Ca(2+) homeostasis, cytotoxicity, cell cycle distribution and ROS signaling in liver cells have not been analyzed. Oleuropein induced [Ca(2+)]i rises only in HepG2 cells but not in AML12, HA22T or HA59T cells due to the different status of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase expression. In HepG2 cells, this Ca(2+) signaling response was reduced by removing extracellular Ca(2+), and was inhibited by the store-operated Ca(2+) channel blockers 2-APB and SKF96365. In Ca(2+)-free medium, pretreatment with the ER Ca(2+) pump inhibitor thapsigargin abolished oleuropein-induced [Ca(2+)]i rises. Oleuropein induced cell cycle arrest which was associated with the regulation of p53, p21, CDK1 and cyclin B1 levels. Furthermore, oleuropein elevated intracellular ROS levels but reduced GSH levels. Treatment with the intracellular Ca(2+) chelator BAPTA-AM or the antioxidant NAC partially reversed oleuropein-induced cytotoxicity. Together, in HepG2 cells, oleuropein induced [Ca(2+)]i rises by releasing Ca(2+) from the ER and causing Ca(2+) influx through store-operated Ca(2+) channels. Moreover, oleuropein induced Ca(2+)-associated cytotoxicity that involved ROS signaling and cell cycle arrest. This compound may offer a potential therapy for treatment of human hepatoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Shiung Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
| | - Chiang-Ting Chou
- Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chia-Yi 613, Taiwan; Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chia-Yi 613, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Yuarn Liu
- Division of Trauma, Department of Emergency, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chih Sun
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
| | - Pochuen Shieh
- Department of Pharmacy, Tajen University, Pingtung 907, Taiwan
| | - Daih-Huang Kuo
- Department of Pharmacy, Tajen University, Pingtung 907, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chi Kuo
- Department of Nursing, Tzu Hui Institute of Technology, Pingtung 907, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ren Jan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Zhe Liang
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan.
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KARMAKAR SUBHENDU, BHATTACHARYYA SUDIPTA, MUKHERJEE ARINDAM. Effect of methionine and glucosamine conjugation on the anticancer activity of aromatic dinitrobenzamide mustards. J CHEM SCI 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-015-1019-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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40
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Esculetin, a natural coumarin compound, evokes Ca2+ movement and activation of Ca2+-associated mitochondrial apoptotic pathways that involved cell cycle arrest in ZR-75-1 human breast cancer cells. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:4665-78. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4286-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Inhibition of RAC1 GTPase sensitizes pancreatic cancer cells to γ-irradiation. Oncotarget 2015; 5:10251-70. [PMID: 25344910 PMCID: PMC4279370 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy is a staple treatment for pancreatic cancer. However, owing to the intrinsic radioresistance of pancreatic cancer cells, radiation therapy often fails to increase survival of pancreatic cancer patients. Radiation impedes cancer cells by inducing DNA damage, which can activate cell cycle checkpoints. Normal cells possess both a G1 and G2 checkpoint. However, cancer cells are often defective in G1 checkpoint due to mutations/alterations in key regulators of this checkpoint. Accordingly, our results show that normal pancreatic ductal cells respond to ionizing radiation (IR) with activation of both checkpoints whereas pancreatic cancer cells respond to IR with G2/M arrest only. Overexpression/hyperactivation of Rac1 GTPase is detected in the majority of pancreatic cancers. Rac1 plays important roles in survival and Ras-mediated transformation. Here, we show that Rac1 also plays a critical role in the response of pancreatic cancer cells to IR. Inhibition of Rac1 using specific inhibitor and dominant negative Rac1 mutant not only abrogates IR-induced G2 checkpoint activation, but also increases radiosensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells through induction of apoptosis. These results implicate Rac1 signaling in the survival of pancreatic cancer cells following IR, raising the possibility that this pathway contributes to the intrinsic radioresistance of pancreatic cancer.
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Jaiswal AS, Panda H, Law BK, Sharma J, Jani J, Hromas R, Narayan S. NSC666715 and Its Analogs Inhibit Strand-Displacement Activity of DNA Polymerase β and Potentiate Temozolomide-Induced DNA Damage, Senescence and Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123808. [PMID: 25933036 PMCID: PMC4416822 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently approved chemotherapeutic agents to treat colorectal cancer (CRC) have made some impact; however, there is an urgent need for newer targeted agents and strategies to circumvent CRC growth and metastasis. CRC frequently exhibits natural resistance to chemotherapy and those who do respond initially later acquire drug resistance. A mechanism to potentially sensitize CRC cells is by blocking the DNA polymerase β (Pol-β) activity. Temozolomide (TMZ), an alkylating agent, and other DNA-interacting agents exert DNA damage primarily repaired by a Pol-β-directed base excision repair (BER) pathway. In previous studies, we used structure-based molecular docking of Pol-β and identified a potent small molecule inhibitor (NSC666715). In the present study, we have determined the mechanism by which NSC666715 and its analogs block Fen1-induced strand-displacement activity of Pol-β-directed LP-BER, cause apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site accumulation and induce S-phase cell cycle arrest. Induction of S-phase cell cycle arrest leads to senescence and apoptosis of CRC cells through the p53/p21 pathway. Our initial findings also show a 10-fold reduction of the IC50 of TMZ when combined with NSC666715. These results provide a guide for the development of a target-defined strategy for CRC chemotherapy that will be based on the mechanisms of action of NSC666715 and TMZ. This combination strategy can be used as a framework to further reduce the TMZ dosages and resistance in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aruna S. Jaiswal
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, United States of America
| | - Harekrushna Panda
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, United States of America
| | - Brian K. Law
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, United States of America
| | - Jay Sharma
- Celprogen Inc., Torrance, California, 90503, United States of America
| | - Jitesh Jani
- Celprogen Inc., Torrance, California, 90503, United States of America
| | - Robert Hromas
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, United States of America
| | - Satya Narayan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Zhang Y, Zhou ZW, Jin H, Hu C, He ZX, Yu ZL, Ko KM, Yang T, Zhang X, Pan SY, Zhou SF. Schisandrin B inhibits cell growth and induces cellular apoptosis and autophagy in mouse hepatocytes and macrophages: implications for its hepatotoxicity. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:2001-27. [PMID: 25926716 PMCID: PMC4403607 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s77071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A number of drugs and herbal compounds have been documented to cause hepatoxicity. Schisandrin B (Sch B) is an active dibenzocyclooctadiene isolated from Schisandrae fructus, with a wide array of pharmacological activities. However, the potential hepatotoxicity of Sch B is a major safety concern, and the underlying mechanism for Sch B-induced liver toxic effects is not fully elucidated. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the liver toxic effects and the molecular mechanisms of Sch B in mouse liver and macrophage cells. The results have shown that Sch B exhibits potent grow inhibitory, proapoptotic, and proautophagic effects in AML-12 and RAW 264.7 cells. Sch B markedly arrested cells in G1 phase in both cell lines, accompanied by the down-regulation of cyclin dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) and cyclin D1 and up-regulation of p27 Kip1 and checkpoint kinase 1. Furthermore, Sch B markedly increased the apoptosis of AML-12 and RAW 264.7 cells with a decrease in the expression of B-cell lymphoma-extra-large and (Bcl-xl) B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), but an increase in the expression of B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X protein (Bax). Sch B promoted the cleavage of caspase 3 and poly-adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase (PARP) in both cell lines. Additionally, Sch B significantly induced autophagy of AML-12 and RAW 264.7 cells. Sch B inhibited the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, as indicated by their altered phosphorylation, contributing to the proautophagic effect of Sch B. Taken together, our findings show that the inducing effects of Sch B on cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy may contribute to its liver toxic effects, which might provide a clue for the investigation of the molecular toxic targets and underlying mechanisms for Sch B-induced hepatotoxicity in herbal consumers. More studies are warranted to fully delineate the underlying mechanisms, efficacy, and safety of Sch B for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China ; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Hua Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Chengbin Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Zhi-Xu He
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center and Sino-US Joint Laboratory for Medical Sciences, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Ling Yu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kam-Ming Ko
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianxin Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah and Salt Lake Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Xueji Zhang
- Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Yuan Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Feng Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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Abstract
Cell cycle checkpoints are surveillance mechanisms that monitor the order, integrity, and fidelity of the major events of the cell cycle. These include growth to the appropriate cell size, the replication and integrity of the chromosomes, and their accurate segregation at mitosis. Many of these mechanisms are ancient in origin and highly conserved, and hence have been heavily informed by studies in simple organisms such as the yeasts. Others have evolved in higher organisms, and control alternative cell fates with significant impact on tumor suppression. Here, we consider these different checkpoint pathways and the consequences of their dysfunction on cell fate.
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Chian S, Li YY, Wang XJ, Tang XW. Luteolin sensitizes two oxaliplatin-resistant colorectal cancer cell lines to chemotherapeutic drugs via inhibition of the Nrf2 pathway. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:2911-6. [PMID: 24761924 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.6.2911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxaliplatin is a first-line therapy for colorectal cancer, but cancer cell resistance to the drug compromises its efficacy. To explore mechanisms of drug resistance, we treated colorectal cancer cells (HCT116 and SW620) long-term with oxaliplatin and established stable oxaliplatin-resistant lines (HCT116-OX and SW620-OX). Compared with parental cell lines, IC50s for various chemotherapeutic agents (oxaliplatin, cisplatin and doxorubicin) were increased in oxaliplatin-resistant cell lines and this was accompanied by activation of nuclear factor erythroid-2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). Furthermore, luteolin inhibited the Nrf2 pathway in oxaliplatin-resistant cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Luteolin also inhibited Nrf2 target gene [NQO1, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and GSTα1/2] expression and decreased reduced glutathione in wild type mouse small intestinal cells. There was no apparent effect in Nrf2-/- mice. Luteolin combined with other chemotherapeutics had greater anti-cancer activity in resistant cell lines (combined index values below 1), indicating a synergistic effect. Therefore, adaptive activation of Nrf2 may contribute to the development of acquired drug-resistance and luteolin could restore sensitivity of oxaliplatin-resistant cell lines to chemotherapeutic drugs. Inhibition of the Nrf2 pathway may be the mechanism for this restored therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Chian
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China E-mail :
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Barnum KJ, O'Connell MJ. Molecular mechanisms involved in initiation of the DNA damage response. Mol Cell Oncol 2015; 2:e970065. [PMID: 27308403 PMCID: PMC4905235 DOI: 10.4161/23723548.2014.970065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
DNA is subject to a wide variety of damage. In order to maintain genomic integrity, cells must respond to this damage by activating repair and cell cycle checkpoint pathways. The initiating events in the DNA damage response entail recognition of the lesion and the assembly of DNA damage response complexes at the DNA. Here, we review what is known about these processes for various DNA damage pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Barnum
- Department of Oncological Sciences and the Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai ; New York, NY USA
| | - Matthew J O'Connell
- Department of Oncological Sciences and the Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai ; New York, NY USA
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Casarin E, Dall'Acqua S, Smejkal K, Slapetová T, Innocenti G, Carrara M. Molecular mechanisms of antiproliferative effects induced by Schisandra-derived dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans (+)-deoxyschisandrin and (-)-gomisin N in human tumour cell lines. Fitoterapia 2014; 98:241-7. [PMID: 25110194 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A different behavior of the two dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans (+)-deoxyschisandrin (1) and (-)-gomisin N (2), from Schisandra chinensis fruits, was observed against two human tumour cell lines, (2008 and LoVo). These lignans inhibited cell growth in a dose-dependent manner on both cell lines, but inducing different types of cell death. In particular, (+)-deoxyschisandrin (1) caused apoptosis in colon adenocarcinoma cells (LoVo) but not in ovarian adenocarcinoma cells (2008), while (-)-gomisin N (2) induced apoptosis on both the cell lines used. Mitochondrial-mediated pathway was not involved in apoptotic stimuli. Both compounds caused G2/M phase cell growth arrest correlated with tubulin polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Casarin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Dall'Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, I-35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Karel Smejkal
- Department of Natural Drugs, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého 1/3, CZ-612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Slapetová
- Department of Natural Drugs, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého 1/3, CZ-612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Gabbriella Innocenti
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Carrara
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, I-35131 Padova, Italy
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Nitidine chloride induces apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and synergistic cytotoxicity with doxorubicin in breast cancer cells. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:10201-12. [PMID: 25027404 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2327-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plant extracts have been widely used for cancer treatment. Nitidine chloride (NC) is a natural bioactive alkaloid that has recently been reported to have diverse anticancer properties. We aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effects of NC and the effectiveness of combinatorial treatment including NC and doxorubicin in breast cancer cells. Using MTT and flowcytometry assays, we found that NC induced cell growth inhibition and G2/M cell cycle arrest in a time- and dose-dependent manner both in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. Cancer cell growth inhibition was associated with increased levels of the p53 and p21 proteins. Apoptosis induction by NC treatment was confirmed by JC-1 mitochondrial membrane potential, annexin V-positive cell, and TUNEL staining. Using western blot analysis, we found that NC upregulated the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, cleaved caspase-9 and -3 and cleaved PARP and that it downregulated the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and PARP. By using the PI3K/Akt inhibitor LY294002, we further demonstrated that NC-induced apoptosis might be Akt-specific or dependent. In addition, NC exhibited a synergistic effect with doxorubicin on the growth inhibition of the human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. Our study demonstrated the anticancer effect of NC on breast cancer and highlighted the potential clinical application of NC.
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The cytotoxicity of benzaldehyde nitrogen mustard-2-pyridine carboxylic acid hydrazone being involved in topoisomerase IIα inhibition. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:527042. [PMID: 24995306 PMCID: PMC4066686 DOI: 10.1155/2014/527042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The antitumor property of iron chelators and aromatic nitrogen mustard derivatives has been well documented. Combination of the two pharmacophores in one molecule in drug designation is worth to be explored. We reported previously the syntheses and preliminary cytotoxicity evaluation of benzaldehyde nitrogen mustard pyridine carboxyl acid hydrazones (BNMPH) as extended study, more tumor cell lines (IC50 for HepG2: 26.1 ± 3.5 μM , HCT-116: 57.5 ± 5.3 μM, K562: 48.2 ± 4.0 μM, and PC-12: 19.4 ± 2.2 μM) were used to investigate its cytotoxicity and potential mechanism. In vitro experimental data showed that the BNMPH chelating Fe2+ caused a large number of ROS formations which led to DNA cleavage, and this was further supported by comet assay, implying that ROS might be involved in the cytotoxicity of BNMPH. The ROS induced changes of apoptosis related genes, but the TFR1 and NDRG1 metastatic genes were not obviously regulated, prompting that BNMPH might not be able to deprive Fe2+ of ribonucleotide reductase. The BNMPH induced S phase arrest was different from that of iron chelators (G1) and alkylating agents (G2). BNMPH also exhibited its inhibition of human topoisomerase IIα. Those revealed that the cytotoxic mechanism of the BNMPH could stem from both the topoisomerase II inhibition, ROS generation and DNA alkylation.
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50
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Torrentes-Carvalho A, Marinho CF, de Oliveira-Pinto LM, de Oliveira DB, Damasco PV, Cunha RV, de Souza LJ, de Azeredo EL, Kubelka CF. Regulation of T lymphocyte apoptotic markers is associated to cell activation during the acute phase of dengue. Immunobiology 2014; 219:329-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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