Dialkylaminoalkyl esters of 2,2-diphenyl-2-alkylthioacetic acids: a new class of potent and functionally selective muscarinic antagonists

Molecular modulation of muscarinic antagonists. Synthesis and affinity profile of 2,2-diphenyl-2-ethylthio-acetic acid esters designed to probe the binding site cavity

The synthesis and preliminary pharmacological profile of a new series of muscarinic antagonists, derived from previously studied 2,2-diphenyl-2-ethylthio-acetic acid esters, are reported. The parent molecules were decorated with linkers of different length, carrying an amino group to catch a putative anionic function outside the recognition site of the receptor. It was hoped that the interception of this function would give molecules with higher potency and selectivity. The attempt has not been successful, but a new series of compounds with a peculiar pharmacological profile has been identified.

Pentatomic cyclic antagonists and muscarinic receptors: a 30-year review

This work is a sequel to and completes the review, that recently appeared in this journal, of pentatomic cyclic muscarinic agonists. It reports the results of structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of pentatomic cyclic antagonists on muscarinic receptors and compares these results with some recent advances in molecular biology and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) studies.

SAR studies on the potent and selective muscarinic antagonist 2-ethylthio-2,2-diphenylacetic acid N,N-diethylaminoethyl ester

Molecular modification of the potent and selective muscarinic antagonist 2-ethylthio-2,2-diphenylacetic acid N,N-diethylaminoethyl ester was performed in order to identify M2 selective antagonists able to cross the blood brain barrier and potentially useful in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Modifications included substitution or hydrogenation of one of the phenyl rings as well as their incorporation in a tricyclic system. In general the changes introduced were detrimental for both affinity and selectivity. Only a modest M2 selectivity is present in some compounds that, on the other hand, carry a quaternary ammonium group which precludes their penetration into the brain.